CN111419681A

CN111419681A - Auxiliary breathing machine

Info

Publication number: CN111419681A
Application number: CN202010269665.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹学军; 尹柏婷; 孔祥斐
Original assignee: QINGDAO CREATE ENVIRONMENT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: QINGDAO CREATE ENVIRONMENT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2020-04-08
Filing date: 2020-04-08
Publication date: 2020-07-17
Also published as: CN115315241A; WO2021204158A1

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and discloses an auxiliary breathing machine which comprises a pressure bearing shell and a cavity pressure adjusting system, wherein the pressure bearing shell is arranged at least at the thoracic cavity part of a human body, a sealing assembly is arranged between the pressure bearing shell and the human body, a closed external breathing cavity is formed between the pressure bearing shell and the human body through the sealing assembly, the cavity pressure adjusting system comprises a pressure generator, the pressure generator is communicated with the external breathing cavity, and the cavity pressure adjusting system operates to enable the external breathing cavity to generate periodically-changed positive pressure and negative pressure, or periodically-changed positive pressure and normal pressure, or periodically-changed negative pressure and normal pressure. The auxiliary respirator has the advantages of little pain of patients, safety, reliability, convenience for being used with other rescue equipment and the like, can be widely applied to emergency rescue or daily care and the like of patients with weakened or disappeared spontaneous respiration, and has simple application method, easy operation and very wide market application prospect.

Description

Auxiliary breathing machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to an auxiliary breathing machine for assisting a patient who cannot breathe normally to breathe.

Background

Aerobic respiration is an important physiological activity for acquiring oxygen necessary for life of a human body, life can be maintained only by ensuring normal respiration, and for some patients who cannot breathe spontaneously due to injuries and diseases and the like, breathing assistance or respiratory rescue needs to be carried out by using a breathing machine. Present various breathing machine equips, mainly dock with patient's respiratory from oronasal department, and then help patient to realize breathing in and exhaling, the oronasal of mild disease patient is covered by the respiratory mask, speak, expectoration, diet is all very inconvenient, many severe patients are in the assisted respiration when, still need to carry out other operations such as clear phlegm blowdown, because oronasal department available space is limited, sometimes have to implement measures such as trachea incision intubate ventilates to patient, just can provide sufficient equipment operating space and intervention interface for carrying out multiple operation simultaneously, cause great injury to patient's health.

In summary, there is an urgent need in the market for an assisted ventilator that facilitates the daily needs of a patient, such as speaking, expectoration, diet, etc., and is also convenient for use with other rescue equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an auxiliary breathing machine which does not occupy the space at the mouth and the nose, is convenient for the patient to speak, spit, eat and the like in daily needs and is also convenient to be used together with other rescue equipment.

The auxiliary breathing machine is realized by the following steps that the auxiliary breathing machine comprises a pressure bearing shell and a cavity pressure adjusting system, wherein the pressure bearing shell is arranged at least at the thoracic cavity part of a human body, a sealing assembly is arranged between the pressure bearing shell and the human body, a closed external breathing cavity is formed between the pressure bearing shell and the human body through the sealing assembly, the cavity pressure adjusting system comprises a pressure generator, the pressure generator is communicated with the external breathing cavity, and the cavity pressure adjusting system operates to enable the external breathing cavity to generate periodically-changed positive pressure and negative pressure or periodically-changed positive pressure and normal pressure or periodically-changed negative pressure and normal pressure.

In order to improve the safety, the auxiliary breathing machine of the invention can further comprise a safety device, the safety device comprises at least one of a positive pressure safety valve, a negative pressure safety valve, a pressure display device and a normal pressure reset valve, and the safety device is arranged on the outer breathing chamber, or on a chamber communicated with the outer breathing chamber, or on a pipeline communicated with the outer breathing chamber

The interface structure of the pressure-bearing shell matched with the human body can be diversified according to different parts matched with the human body, for example, the pressure-bearing shell comprises a cover body covering at least partial front and side surfaces of the thoracic cavity of the human body, a sealing component is arranged at the edge of the cover body and matched with the neck, the external profile of the chest, the body side and the waist and abdomen of the human body through the sealing component, the shape of the contact part of the sealing component and the human body is matched with the profile of the contact part of the human body, a closed outer breathing cavity is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body through the sealing component, the surface area of the human body covered by the outer breathing cavity accounts for more than 60% of the external surface area of the human body corresponding to the respiratory; or the pressure-bearing shell is arranged around the chest cavity, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with an armpit port and a waist-abdomen port, the sealing components are respectively arranged at the armpit port and the waist-abdomen port, and the shape of the contact part of the sealing components and the human body is adapted to the outline of the contact part of the human body; or the pressure-bearing shell is arranged around the chest cavity, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with a neck port, a waist port and an upper arm port, the sealing assemblies are respectively arranged at the neck port, the upper arm port and the waist port, and the shape of the part of the sealing assembly, which is in contact with the human body, is adapted to the outline of the part of the human body in contact with the sealing assemblies. The pressure-bearing shell can be made of metal or plastic materials, and can be specifically made of ABS, polycarbonate, acrylic, PP, PE, PVC, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, carbon fiber plates or glass fiber reinforced plastics and other materials. Wherein, the sealing component is made of elastic material or flexible material, or made of elastic material or flexible material with an elastic keel arranged inside. Specifically, the elastic material comprises elastic rubber (including silicone rubber and latex), elastic polyurethane, PVC and the like, the flexible material comprises leather and fiber-reinforced elastic material and the like, and preferably, the sealing component adopts a sucker type sealing structure or an inflatable sealing structure. In order to facilitate the positioning and fixing of the patient, the auxiliary breathing machine of the invention may further comprise an auxiliary sealing and tightening device, wherein the auxiliary sealing and tightening device is arranged on the pressure-bearing shell or the sealing assembly.

In addition, in order to be conveniently assembled with a human body in a matching manner, the pressure bearing shell can adopt a split type structure, for example, the pressure bearing shell comprises an upper pressure bearing shell and a lower pressure bearing shell, and a sealing structure and a locking structure are arranged between the upper pressure bearing shell and the lower pressure bearing shell. As a special class of embodiments, the lower pressure housing may be integrated or part of the bed. The sealing structure comprises an elastomer sealing component, a magnetic suction type sealing component, a sucker type sealing component or an inflatable type sealing component, and the locking structure comprises a fastener connecting structure, a buckle connecting structure or a fastening tape connecting structure. In order to avoid adverse effects of abdominal respiration of a patient in the assisted respiration process, the assisted respiration machine can further comprise an abdominal respiration restraint device, and the abdominal respiration restraint device comprises an abdominal respiration restraint belt or an abdominal respiration restraint cover.

The cavity pressure regulating system can also comprise a controller, a transmission mechanism and a power device, wherein the controller controls the power device to work, and the transmission mechanism is driven to drive the pressure generator to work to generate periodic pressure change. The power device comprises a direct-drive or speed-reducer-equipped direct-current motor, an alternating-current motor, a servo motor, a variable-frequency motor, a pneumatic motor, a manual hand wheel or a manual crank and the like. In addition, the chamber pressure regulating system may also include a controller and a pressure regulating valve, the pressure generator being a pressure-stabilized gas source that is in communication with the outer breathing chamber through the pressure regulating valve, the controller controlling the pressure regulating valve to generate a periodic pressure output to generate a periodic alternating pressure within the outer breathing chamber.

In the auxiliary breathing machine, the pressure generator and the pressure bearing shell can be arranged in a split way, and the pressure generator is communicated with an outer breathing chamber in the pressure bearing shell through a pipeline; alternatively, a pressure generator is disposed on the pressure housing, the pressure generator communicating with an outer breathing chamber within the pressure housing. The pressure generator comprises a fan, an air compressor, a working cylinder and the like, wherein the working cylinder comprises a cylinder with a specific structure such as a piston cylinder or a gasbag cylinder.

In order to improve the intelligence level and facilitate the application and operation, the cavity pressure adjusting system further comprises at least one of the following systems: the system comprises an input system, a display system, a pressure sensing system, a servo system, a safety detection system and an alarm system, wherein as a typical technical scheme, the servo system can comprise a pressure sensor, a human body myoelectric sensor, a signal processor, a controller, a computer and control software; of course, the chamber pressure regulating system may also include a computer and intelligent control software, the control software including at least one of the following programs: the system comprises an input interface, a display interface, a safety detection program, a parameter optimization suggestion program and an alarm program.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the above-mentioned assisted breathing apparatus, which comprises the following steps:

s1, arranging the auxiliary respirator on the chest of the human body, and forming an outer breathing chamber between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body;

s2, setting corresponding modes and parameters according to the breathing condition of the patient;

and S3, starting the cavity pressure adjusting system to generate periodically changed air pressure in the external breathing cavity to assist the breathing muscle group of the patient to drive the lung of the patient to breathe.

It should be noted that the modes and parameters described in step S2 include, but are not limited to, breathing rate, pressure amplitude of the outer breathing chamber, or pressure time-course curve. When the auxiliary breathing machine is used, if needed, oxygen can be inhaled through the mouth or the nostrils in a matching mode, and the treatment effect is better.

The auxiliary breathing machine of the invention utilizes the pressure bearing shell and the sealing component to construct an external breathing cavity together with a human body, and then utilizes the cavity pressure regulating system to generate periodically-changed positive pressure and negative pressure, or positive pressure and normal pressure, or negative pressure and normal pressure in the external breathing cavity, so as to realize the actions of assisting the breathing muscle groups of a patient, overcome the breathing resistance and drive the lung of the patient to breathe. Compared with the traditional breathing machine, the auxiliary breathing machine provided by the invention directly acts on the outside of the thoracic cavity of a human body, does not need to invade a respiratory system, has no any wound on the body of a patient, does not cause additional pain to the patient, and is economical, sanitary, safe and reliable. Particularly, in the using process, the device does not occupy the space at the mouth and the nose, does not influence the speaking, spitting and eating of the patient, does not influence other operations such as sputum clearing and oxygen inhalation, can be used with other rescue equipment simultaneously, is very convenient, and is beneficial to better treatment and faster rehabilitation of the patient.

In conclusion, the auxiliary respirator has the advantages of small pain of patients, safety, reliability, convenience for being used with other rescue equipment and the like, can be widely applied to emergency rescue or daily care of patients with weakened or disappeared spontaneous respiration, and has the advantages of simple application method, easy operation and very wide market application prospect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram and an application diagram of an assisted breathing machine according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram and a second application diagram of the assisted breathing apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a third schematic view of the structure and application of the assisted breathing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic view of the structure and application of the assisted breathing apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure and application of the assisted breathing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an auxiliary ventilator according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 7.

Detailed Description

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the auxiliary ventilator of the present invention comprises a pressure-bearing shell and a cavity pressure regulating system, the pressure-bearing shell is arranged around the thoracic region of the human body, a sealing assembly 5 is arranged between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body, wherein the pressure-bearing shell comprises an upper pressure-bearing shell 1 and a lower pressure-bearing shell 2, a sealing structure and a locking structure are arranged between the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 and the lower pressure-bearing shell 2, the sealing structure is specifically composed of an elastomer sealing member 9, the locking structure is specifically a fastener connecting structure 8, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with an underarm port 3 and a waist and abdomen port 4, the sealing assembly 5 made of elastic material is respectively arranged at the underarm port 3 and the waist and abdomen port 4, the shape of the contact part of the sealing assembly 5 and the human body is adapted to the contour of the contact part of the human body, and the sealing structure adopting a sucker type can be firmly adsorbed on the skin surface of the human body, a sealed external breathing, the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 corresponding to the outer breathing chamber 31 is also provided with a safety device, and the safety device comprises a pressure display device 36; the cavity pressure regulating system comprises a pressure generator, the pressure generator and a pressure bearing shell are arranged in a split mode, the pressure generator comprises an air compressor 10, the air compressor 10 is communicated with an external breathing cavity 31 through a pipeline 15, an air storage tank 12 and a pressure regulating valve 13 are further arranged on the pipeline between the air compressor 10 and the external breathing cavity 31, a normal pressure interface 37 communicated with the atmosphere is further arranged on the pressure regulating valve 13, the pressure regulating valve 13 is connected with a controller 27, the external breathing cavity 31 is periodically communicated with the air storage tank 12 or the normal pressure interface 37 in an alternating mode through the controller 27 controlling the pressure regulating valve 13, positive pressure and normal pressure which are periodically changed are generated in the external breathing cavity 31, and when the air pressure in the air storage tank 12 is lower than a set limit value, the controller 27 controls the air compressor 10 to start to supplement air into the air storage.

When the auxiliary breathing machine is applied, the operation can be carried out according to the following steps:

s1: the upper and lower pressure-bearing shells are butted and spliced through the front side and the lower part of the back of the chest of a human body respectively, and are sealed and fixed by virtue of a sealing component 5 arranged at an armpit port 3 and a waist and abdomen port 4, an elastomer sealing member 9 arranged between the upper and lower pressure-bearing shells and a fastener connecting structure 8, so that a closed outer breathing chamber 31 is formed between the pressure-bearing shells and the human body, and the auxiliary breathing machine is arranged on the chest of the human body;

s2: the patient lies on the back on the sickbed 14, and sets corresponding modes and parameters of the cavity pressure regulating system according to the breathing condition of the patient, wherein the corresponding modes and parameters comprise a positive pressure peak value, a positive pressure time interval, a normal pressure time interval, a boosting speed, a reducing speed and the like of an external breathing cavity;

s3: the operation of the chamber pressure regulating system is started, the controller 27 controls the pressure regulating valve 13 to make the air storage tank 12 periodically supply air to the external breathing chamber 31, then exhaust air for pressure relief through the normal pressure interface 37, and regulate the speed and peak value of the air supply pressure, so that periodically changed air pressure is generated in the external breathing chamber 31, the breathing muscle group action of the patient is assisted, the breathing resistance is overcome, and the lung of the patient is driven to breathe.

In the application process, because the safety device is arranged, the pressure condition in the external breathing cavity 31 can be observed at any time through the pressure display device 36, once the pressure in the external breathing cavity is abnormal, the controller 37 is immediately operated to enable the normal pressure interface 37 of the pressure regulating valve 13 to be communicated with the external breathing cavity 31, so that the external breathing cavity 31 is decompressed, the damage to the lung or the chest of a patient caused by overlarge positive pressure in the external breathing cavity is avoided, and the safety and reliability are realized. When the air pressure in the air storage tank 12 decreases and is lower than the set air pressure limit value, the controller 27 controls the air compressor 10 to start to work to supplement the pressure in the air storage tank 12.

The auxiliary breathing machine of the invention utilizes the pressure bearing shell and the sealing component to construct an external breathing cavity together with the human body, and then utilizes the cavity pressure regulating system to generate periodically-changed positive pressure and normal pressure in the external breathing cavity, thereby realizing the actions of assisting the breathing muscle groups of the patient, overcoming the breathing resistance and driving the lung of the patient to breathe. Compared with the traditional breathing machine, the auxiliary breathing machine provided by the invention directly acts on the thoracic cavity of a human body, does not need to invade a breathing system, does not have any damage to the body of a patient, does not increase discomfort or extra pain to the patient, and is easy to breathe, economical, sanitary, safe and reliable. Particularly, in the using process, the device does not occupy the space at the mouth and the nose, does not influence the daily requirements of speaking, spitting or eating of the patient, does not influence other operations such as sputum clearing and oxygen inhalation, can be used with other rescue equipment simultaneously, is very convenient, and is beneficial to better treatment and rehabilitation of the patient.

In conclusion, the auxiliary breathing machine has the advantages of small pain, comfort, easy breathing, safety, reliability, convenience for being used with other rescue equipment and the like, can be widely applied to emergency rescue or daily care and the like of patients with weakened or disappeared spontaneous breathing, and has very wide market application prospect.

It should be noted that the pressure-bearing shell of the present invention is widely available, and the pressure-bearing shell may be made of metal or plastic material, specifically ABS, polycarbonate, acrylic, PP, PE, PVC, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, carbon fiber plate or glass fiber reinforced plastic. Based on the technical principle of the present example, in the assisted breathing machine of the present invention, the sealing assembly 5 may be made of a flexible material, or an elastic material or a flexible material with an elastic keel inside, the elastic material includes elastic rubber (including silicone rubber, latex), elastic polyurethane, PVC, etc., the flexible material includes leather and fiber-reinforced elastic material, etc., preferably, a suction cup type sealing structure or an inflatable sealing structure may be adopted; in addition, the sealing structure and the locking structure arranged between the upper pressure-bearing shell and the lower pressure-bearing shell can be various, for example, the sealing structure can be in specific forms such as an already mentioned elastomer sealing component, a magnetic suction type sealing component, a sucker type sealing component or an inflatable sealing component, the locking structure can be in specific forms such as a buckle connecting structure or a sticky buckle belt connecting structure besides the already mentioned fastener connecting structure, good technical effects can be realized, and the sealing structure and the locking structure can be designed and selected according to needs in practical application; in addition, the pressure display device as the safety device in this example is provided on the upper pressure-bearing shell corresponding to the external breathing chamber, and in practical applications, may be provided on a chamber communicating with the external breathing chamber or a pipe communicating with the external breathing chamber, which are all simple changes based on the technical principle of the present invention, and are also applicable to other embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is also included in the scope of the present invention.

Based on the technical principle described in fig. 1, the safety device of the present invention may further include an atmospheric pressure reset valve, for example, the auxiliary ventilator of the present invention shown in fig. 3, the atmospheric pressure reset valve 7 is fixedly disposed on the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 corresponding to the external breathing chamber, when the reading of the pressure display device 36 is abnormal, or the patient coughs, or the patient has special conditions and needs to stop the auxiliary breathing, the atmospheric pressure reset valve 7 may be directly activated to communicate the external breathing chamber 31 with the atmosphere, so as to rapidly release the support or restriction of the auxiliary ventilator to the breathing of the patient. Compared with the technical scheme shown in fig. 1, the technical scheme shown in fig. 3 is additionally provided with the normal pressure reset valve 7, which is beneficial to further improving the safety of the system, and can avoid the damage to the lung or the chest of the patient caused by abnormal pressure in the external breathing chamber due to special reasons such as failure of the pressure regulating valve 13, power failure and the like, of course, the normal pressure reset valve can also be arranged on the chamber communicated with the external breathing chamber or a pipeline communicated with the external breathing chamber; furthermore, besides the sucker type sealing structure, the sealing component can also be matched and sealed with the human body by adopting an inflatable sealing structure, which is a simple change based on the technical principle of the invention and is also within the protection scope of the invention.

Example two

As shown in fig. 4, the auxiliary ventilator of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the lower pressure-bearing shell is integrated on the hospital bed 14, the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 is directly fixed on the hospital bed 14, and an elastomer sealing member 9 is arranged between the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 and the hospital bed 14 and is fixedly connected into a whole by a fastener connecting structure 8; in addition, the pressure generator in the cavity pressure regulating system is an air source, and specifically comprises a positive pressure air source 20 and a negative pressure air source 17, the positive pressure air source 20 and the negative pressure air source 17 are communicated with the external breathing chamber 31 through a pipeline 15, the cavity pressure regulating system further comprises a first pressure control valve 19, the first pressure control valve 19 is arranged on the pipeline 15 between the air source and the external breathing chamber 31, and the first pressure control valve 19 has a pressure reduction function; in addition, the chamber pressure regulating system further comprises a servo system, wherein the servo system comprises a pressure sensor 32, a controller 27 and servo control software pre-installed in the controller 27, and the controller 27 controls the first pressure control valve 19 to make the positive pressure air source 20 and the negative pressure air source 17 periodically and alternately communicated with the external breathing chamber 31, so that periodically alternating positive pressure and negative pressure are generated in the external breathing chamber; fourthly, the safety device comprises a positive pressure safety valve 6 and a negative pressure safety valve 22, and the positive pressure safety valve 6 and the negative pressure safety valve 22 are both fixedly arranged on the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 corresponding to the outer breathing chamber 31.

When in use, the method can be operated according to the following steps:

s1, enabling the patient to lie on the back on the sickbed 14, putting down the upper pressure-bearing shell above the chest of the human body to be butted and spliced with the sickbed 14 and fixedly connected with the sickbed 14 into a whole through the fastener connecting structure 8, and realizing sealing and fixing by virtue of the sealing components 5 arranged at the axillary ports 3 and the waist and abdomen ports 4, the elastomer sealing members 9 and the fastener connecting structure 8, so that a sealed outer breathing cavity 31 is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body, and the auxiliary breathing machine is arranged on the chest of the human body;

s2, setting the pressure limit value of the positive pressure safety valve 6, the pressure limit value of the negative pressure safety valve 22 and the corresponding modes and parameters of the cavity pressure regulating system according to the respiration condition of the patient, wherein the modes and parameters comprise the positive pressure peak value, the negative pressure peak value, the positive pressure time interval, the negative pressure time interval, the pressure increasing speed, the pressure decreasing speed and the like of the external respiration cavity;

and S3, starting the cavity pressure adjusting system to operate, controlling the first pressure adjusting valve 19 by using the controller 27 to enable the positive pressure air source 20 and the negative pressure air source 17 to be periodically and alternately communicated with the external breathing cavity 31, and adjusting the pressure lifting speed in the external breathing cavity to realize the set positive pressure peak value, negative pressure peak value, positive pressure time interval and negative pressure time interval, so that periodically changed positive pressure and negative pressure are generated in the external breathing cavity 31 to assist the breathing muscle group of the patient to act, overcome the breathing resistance and drive the lung of the patient to breathe.

It should be noted that, during the application process, the pressure sensor 32 constantly monitors the pressure change in the external breathing cavity 31 and feeds the pressure change back to the controller 27, the servo control software is used to compare the deviation between the pressure in the external breathing cavity 31 and the set pressure standard value, so as to generate a control signal, and the controller controls the pressure regulating valve to work until the periodically-changed pressure which is very close to the set pressure standard value is generated in the external breathing cavity, so as to assist the breathing muscle group of the patient to act and drive the lung of the patient to breathe. In practical applications, the pressure time-course curve can be input into the servo control software, so as to control the pressure variation inside the outer respiration chamber 31 more accurately.

Compared with the first embodiment, in the technical scheme of the embodiment, the lower pressure bearing shell and the sickbed are integrated, the upper pressure bearing shell is directly matched, connected and fixed with the sickbed, and a patient can directly lie on the sickbed, so that the moving and matching requirements on the patient are less, the operation is simpler and faster, and the lower pressure bearing shell can be regarded as a part of the sickbed; in addition, the positive pressure air source and the negative pressure air source can utilize professional positive pressure air sources and negative pressure air sources configured in hospitals, the cleanliness of the air sources is guaranteed, the system structure is simpler and more compact, the air supply pressure is more accurate and stable, and the patients can be ensured to be nursed and treated properly; in addition, because a servo system is added in the system, the pressure control is more accurate, the change is more gradual, and the comfort of the patient in the use process is also greatly improved. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the periodically transformed negative pressure exists in the outer breathing cavity, so that the space of the lung and the chest can be further expanded when a patient inhales, the action amplitude of breathing muscle groups of the patient can be increased, and the lung of the patient can be better driven to breathe.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 5, the auxiliary breathing machine of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the pressure-bearing shell is provided with a neck port 21, a waist and abdomen port 4 and an upper arm port 24, the sealing assembly 5 is respectively arranged at the neck port 21, the upper arm port 24 and the waist and abdomen port 4, and the shape of the part of the sealing assembly 5 contacting the human body is adapted to the contour of the contacted human body; in addition, the safety device arranged on the external respiration chamber 31 comprises a positive pressure safety valve 6, a negative pressure safety valve 22 and a normal pressure reset valve 7, wherein the positive pressure safety valve 6, the negative pressure safety valve 22 and the normal pressure reset valve 7 are all fixedly arranged on the upper pressure bearing shell 1; in addition, the abdominal respiration restraint device is an abdominal respiration restraint belt 23, and when the abdominal respiration restraint device is applied, the abdominal respiration restraint belt 23 is bound on the abdomen of a patient; fourthly, a pressure generator in the cavity pressure adjusting system is a working cylinder, the working cylinder is a piston cylinder 25, the piston cylinder 25 is communicated with an external breathing cavity 31 through a pipeline 15, the cavity pressure adjusting system further comprises a transmission mechanism and a power device, the power device comprises an alternating current variable frequency motor 30 and a speed reducer 11, the transmission mechanism is a crank-link mechanism 26, and the power device drives the piston cylinder 25 to work in the external breathing cavity through the transmission mechanism to generate periodic pressure change; fifthly, the cavity pressure regulating system further comprises a pressure sensing system, the pressure sensing system comprises a pressure sensor 32 and a controller 27, wherein the pressure sensor 32 is arranged on the pipeline 15 connected with the outer respiration cavity 31, and the controller 27 is respectively connected with the pressure sensor 32 and the alternating current variable frequency motor 30.

When the cavity pressure adjusting system works, the alternating-current variable-frequency motor 30 operates to drive the piston type cylinder 25 to move to generate periodically-changed positive pressure and negative pressure in the outer breathing cavity 31, so that the breathing muscle group action of a patient is assisted, and the lung of the patient is driven to breathe. Compared with the first embodiment, in the technical scheme of the embodiment, the pressure output generated by driving the piston type cylinder 25 by the crank connecting rod mechanism 26 is close to a sine curve, the change is gentle, and a patient feels more comfortable; in addition, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with the neck port, the upper arm port and the waist and abdomen port, so that the thorax part of a human body can be better coated, more breathing muscles are assisted, and the breathing of a patient is better assisted; in addition, because the abdomen respiration restraining device is additionally arranged, the adverse effect of the abdomen respiration of the patient can be effectively avoided, and the lung respiration of the patient can be better driven; fourthly, due to the fact that the pressure sensor 32 is additionally arranged, the pressure sensor can sense the spontaneous respiration information of the patient by monitoring the pressure change in the outer respiration cavity 31 and feed the information back to the controller 27, the controller 27 timely adjusts the working output of the alternating current variable frequency motor 30 according to the feedback information, and then self-adaptation of the respiration action of the patient is achieved, and the self-adaptive respiration control device is particularly suitable for the patient with spontaneous respiration which is regular and is hypoventilation; fifth, according to the technical scheme of the present example, the positive pressure limit value in the external breathing cavity is controlled by the positive pressure safety valve, so that damage to the lung or chest of the patient due to the fact that the positive pressure in the external breathing cavity exceeds the limit value is effectively avoided, the negative pressure limit value in the external breathing cavity is controlled by the negative pressure safety valve, so that damage to the lung or chest of the patient due to the fact that the negative pressure in the external breathing cavity exceeds the limit value is effectively avoided, the normal pressure reset valve can be directly started in case of emergency, the external breathing cavity is communicated with the atmosphere, and the patient is in a free. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the periodically transformed negative pressure exists in the outer breathing cavity, so that the space of the lung and the chest can be further expanded when a patient inhales, the action amplitude of breathing muscle groups of the patient can be increased, and the lung of the patient can be better driven to breathe.

It should be noted that, based on the technical principle recorded in this example, the abdominal respiration restraint device of the present invention can also use an abdominal respiration restraint mask made of a hard material in addition to the abdominal respiration restraint band; in addition, according to different specific structures of the cavity pressure regulating system, the negative pressure safety valve can be arranged on the external breathing cavity, other cavities communicated with the external breathing cavity or a pipeline; in addition, the cavity pressure adjusting system of the present invention can adopt various transmission mechanisms and power devices, for example, besides the crank link mechanism already mentioned, the adopted transmission mechanism also includes a rack and pinion mechanism, a screw mechanism or a ball screw mechanism, etc., besides an ac variable frequency motor, the adopted power device also includes a dc motor, an ac motor, a variable frequency motor, a servo motor, a pneumatic motor, a manual hand wheel or a manual crank, etc., which are directly driven or provided with a speed reducer, etc., and in practical application, the design and combination can be performed according to the requirement, wherein the servo motor can realize the following and adjustment of more parameters; fourthly, the working cylinder of the pressure generator can be other types of cylinders such as a gas bag type cylinder and the like besides the piston type cylinder; fifth, in this example, a pressure sensing system is added to the chamber pressure adjusting system as an example, and in practical application, the chamber pressure adjusting system may include at least one of the following systems: the auxiliary breathing machine comprises an input system, a display system, a pressure sensing system, a servo system, a safety detection system and an alarm system, wherein different systems are used for realizing different functions, for example, the servo system can be additionally arranged, a human body myoelectric sensor in the servo system is used for sensing the breathing action of a patient, the synchronization of positive pressure and the breathing action of the human body in an external breathing cavity is realized, the synchronization of negative pressure and the breathing action of the human body is realized, even cough assistance is realized, the lung breathing of the patient is better driven, and the auxiliary breathing machine can be additionally arranged in the auxiliary breathing machine according to needs in practice. These are all simple variations based on the technical principle of the present invention and are also within the scope of the claimed invention.

Example four

As shown in fig. 6, the auxiliary breathing machine of the present invention is different from the third embodiment in that the power device in the chamber pressure adjusting system is specifically a servo motor 38, the transmission mechanism is specifically a ball screw mechanism 34, the working cylinder as the pressure generator is specifically an air bag type cylinder 28, the air bag type cylinder 28 is directly fixed on the upper pressure bearing shell 1 and is kept communicated with the external breathing chamber 31, and the servo motor 38 drives the air bag type cylinder 28 to work through the ball screw mechanism 34 to generate periodic pressure changes inside the external breathing chamber 31; in addition, the cavity pressure regulating system further comprises a signal processor 33, a human body electromyography sensor 39 and a computer 29, intelligent control software is installed in the computer 29, the control software comprises at least one of an input interface, a display interface, a safety detection program, a parameter optimization suggestion program, an alarm program and the like, the pressure sensor 32 is directly arranged on the upper pressure bearing shell 1 corresponding to the external breathing cavity 31, the human body electromyography sensor 39 is arranged on the surface of the skin of the chest of a human body, the human body electromyography sensor 39 and the pressure sensor 32 are connected with the computer 29 through the signal processor 33, the servo motor 38 is connected with the computer 29 through the controller 27, and the human body electromyography sensor 39, the pressure sensor 32, the signal processor 33, the controller 27, the computer 29 and the control software jointly form the servo system.

Compared with the embodiment, in the technical scheme of the embodiment, the air bag type air cylinder 28 is directly arranged on the pressure bearing shell, so that the product structure is more compact; in addition, the power device adopts a servo motor 38, the transmission mechanism adopts a ball screw mechanism 34, the combination of the two mechanisms can realize the pressure supply and control of triangular waves, sine waves or any time-course curves of the external breathing chamber, and the change of the supply volume is very convenient; in addition, because the human body electromyography sensor 39, the pressure sensor 32, the signal processor 33, the controller 27, the computer 29 and the control software are arranged to jointly form the servo system, the auxiliary breathing machine of the embodiment can also realize more intelligent functions, for example, the signal processor 33 processes the real-time pressure data in the outer breathing cavity 31 collected by the pressure sensor 32 and then feeds the data back to the computer 29, a parameter optimization suggestion program in the computer 29 automatically calculates the system parameters and modes most suitable for the patient according to the real-time pressure data, and sends instructions to the controller 27, and the controller 27 controls the servo motor 38 to drive the ball screw mechanism 34 to act so that the output of the pressure generator always keeps the optimal state; or, the human body electromyography sensor 39 in the servo system is used for sensing the breathing action of the patient, so that the synchronization of the positive pressure in the external breathing cavity and the exhalation action of the human body and the synchronization of the negative pressure and the inhalation action of the human body are realized, even the cough assistance is realized, and the lung breathing of the patient is better driven. The maximum advantage of adding the servo system is that the auxiliary breathing machine not only can be suitable for patients with extremely weak or completely disappeared spontaneous breathing, and realize that the patients can breathe by fully passively following the set working parameters of the machine, but also can be suitable for the patients with the spontaneous breathing which is more regular but is weakened and insufficient in ventilation, so that the working parameters of the machine can be dynamically optimized and adjusted along with the actual breathing condition of the patients, namely the working parameters of the machine are controlled by the patients, including the assistance of human actions such as cough, large sneeze and the like, the intellectualization and humanization of the system are obviously improved, and the improvement of the use comfort level and the auxiliary breathing effect are facilitated.

Based on the technical principle of the present example, a computer and intelligent control software may also be added to the cavity pressure adjusting system according to the technical solution of the other embodiment of the present invention, where the control software includes at least one of the following programs: the input interface, the display interface, the safety detection program, the parameter optimization suggestion program and the alarm program can also achieve better and more intelligent technical effects, and the description is given only by words and is not attached to the description, so that the invention is in the protection scope required by the invention.

EXAMPLE five

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the assisted breathing apparatus of the present invention is different from the second embodiment in that the pressure-bearing shell 18 includes a cover body covering the upper part of the thoracic cavity of the human body, the edge of the cover body is provided with a sealing component 5, and the sealing component 5 is matched with the neck, the external contour of the chest, the body side and the waist and abdomen of the human body, the shape of the contact part of the sealing component 5 and the human body is adapted to the contour of the contact part of the human body, a closed external breathing chamber 31 is formed between the pressure-bearing shell 18 and the human body through the sealing component 5, and the surface area of the human body covered by the external breathing chamber 31 accounts for more than 60% of the external surface; the pressure-bearing shell 18 is also provided with a fastening device, in particular a tightening belt 16; in addition, the safety device further comprises a normal pressure reset valve 7, and the normal pressure reset valve 7, the positive pressure safety valve 7 and the negative pressure safety valve 22 are all fixedly arranged on the pressure-bearing shell 18 corresponding to the outer breathing chamber 31.

When the pressure-bearing shell 18 is applied, the difference from the second embodiment is that the pressure-bearing shell 18 is buckled on the chest part of a patient from the upper part of the chest of the patient, and the tightening straps 16 are utilized to be bundled and fixed around the back of the patient, wherein the tightening straps 16 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the end parts of the pressure-bearing shell 18 positioned at the two sides of the body of the patient, the two tightening straps 16 are wound around the back of the patient and are firmly bonded and connected through the thread gluing structures 35, so that the pressure-bearing shell 18 is firmly fixed at the chest part of the patient, the sealing component 5 is fixedly arranged on the pressure-bearing shell 18 and is matched with the neck part, the external contour of the chest, the body side and the waist and abdomen part of the human body through the sealing component 5, the shape of the contact part of the sealing component 5 and the outline of the contact part of the human. In order to ensure that the lung of the patient is driven to breathe, the surface area of the human body covered by the external breathing cavity is ensured to account for more than 60 percent of the external surface area of the human body corresponding to the respiratory muscle group of the human body.

Compared with the embodiment, the technical scheme of the embodiment has simpler structure, less related elements, is beneficial to reducing the cost and is more suitable for being carried in an outgoing emergency; in addition, because the safety device is additionally provided with the normal pressure reset valve, the normal pressure reset valve can be opened to ensure that the external breathing cavity is communicated with the atmosphere in emergency, so that the lung or the chest of a patient is prevented from being damaged, and the safety device is safer and more reliable; in addition, the assembly and connection operation of the pressure bearing shell and the human body is simpler. Certainly, based on the technical principle of this example, the fastening device may be disposed on the sealing assembly, and as long as the connection strength is sufficient, a good technical effect can be achieved, and it should be noted that, in this example, the fastening device is the tightening band 16 adhered to each other as an example, in practical application, the fastening device may also adopt other technical schemes such as tightening bands buckled with each other or tightening bands magnetically adhered to each other, and so on, and as long as the pressure-bearing shell and the sealing assembly can be reliably adhered to and fixedly connected with the human body, a good technical effect can be achieved, and the fastening device can be designed and selected according to the use requirement; furthermore, based on the technical principle of the first embodiment, in the technical solution of this embodiment, only a positive pressure air source or a negative pressure air source may be provided, and accordingly, a normal pressure interface is provided at the first pressure regulating valve, and the periodically-switched positive pressure and normal pressure or periodically-switched negative pressure and normal pressure generated in the external breathing chamber is used to assist the breathing muscle group of the patient to drive the lung of the patient to breathe.

The embodiments of the present invention are mainly used for facilitating understanding of the technical principles of the present invention, and are not limited to the contents described in the embodiments, and the technical contents described in the embodiments may also be used interchangeably.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an auxiliary respirator, its characterized in that, including pressure-bearing shell and chamber pressure governing system, pressure-bearing shell sets up at human at least thorax position, is equipped with seal assembly between pressure-bearing shell and the human body, constitutes inclosed outer respiratory cavity between pressure-bearing shell and human body through seal assembly, and chamber pressure governing system includes pressure generator, and pressure generator and outer respiratory cavity intercommunication, chamber pressure governing system operation make the interior positive pressure and the negative pressure that produces the periodic transformation of outer respiratory cavity, or the positive pressure and the ordinary pressure of periodic transformation, or the negative pressure and the ordinary pressure of periodic transformation.

2. The assisted breathing machine of claim 1, further comprising a safety device comprising at least one of a positive pressure safety valve, a negative pressure safety valve, a pressure display device, and a constant pressure reset valve, the safety device being disposed on the outer breathing chamber, or on a chamber in communication with the outer breathing chamber, or on a conduit in communication with the outer breathing chamber.

3. The assisted breathing machine of claim 1, wherein the pressure-bearing shell comprises a cover body covering at least part of the front and side surfaces of the thoracic cavity of the human body, a sealing assembly is arranged at the edge of the cover body and is matched with the neck, the external contour of the chest, the body side and the waist and abdomen of the human body through the sealing assembly, the shape of the contact part of the sealing assembly and the human body is adapted to the contour of the contact part of the human body, a closed outer breathing chamber is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body through the sealing assembly, the surface area of the human body covered by the outer breathing chamber accounts for more than 60% of the external surface area of the human body corresponding to the respiratory muscle group of the human body, and a fastening device is arranged.

4. The assisted breathing machine of claim 1 wherein the pressure-bearing shell is disposed around the chest cavity, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with an underarm port and a lumbar port, the sealing members are disposed at the underarm port and the lumbar port, respectively, and the shape of the portion of the sealing member in contact with the body conforms to the contour of the portion of the body in contact.

5. The assisted breathing machine of claim 1 wherein the pressure-bearing shell is disposed around the chest cavity, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with a neck port, a waist port and an upper arm port, the sealing assemblies are disposed at the neck port, the upper arm port and the waist port, respectively, and the shape of the portion of the sealing assembly in contact with the body conforms to the contour of the portion of the body in contact.

6. A secondary ventilator as claimed in claim 1, 3, 4 or 5 in which the seal assembly is made of a resilient or flexible material or a resilient or flexible material having a resilient keel located therein.

7. An assisted breathing apparatus according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the pressure bearing housing comprises an upper pressure bearing housing and a lower pressure bearing housing, and a sealing structure and a locking structure are provided between the upper pressure bearing housing and the lower pressure bearing housing.

8. A secondary ventilator as claimed in claim 7 wherein the lower pressure housing is integral with or part of the patient's bed.

9. The assisted breathing machine of claim 7 wherein the sealing structure comprises an elastomeric sealing member, a magnetically-attractable sealing member, a suction-cup sealing member, or an inflatable sealing member, and wherein the locking structure comprises a fastener connection, a snap connection, or a hook-and-loop fastener connection.

10. A secondary ventilator as claimed in claim 1 further comprising an abdominal breathing restriction device comprising an abdominal breathing restriction band or an abdominal breathing restriction mask.

11. The assisted breathing apparatus of claim 1 wherein the chamber pressure regulating system further comprises a controller, a power device and a transmission mechanism, the controller controlling the power device to operate, the transmission mechanism being driven to drive the pressure generator to operate to produce the periodic pressure change.

12. An assisted breathing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a crank-link mechanism, a rack-and-pinion mechanism, a screw mechanism or a ball screw mechanism, and the power device comprises a direct current motor, an alternating current motor, a servo motor, a variable frequency motor, a pneumatic motor, a hand wheel or a crank handle, which are directly driven or provided with a speed reducer.

13. The assisted breathing apparatus of claim 1 wherein the chamber pressure regulating system further comprises a controller and a pressure regulating valve, the pressure generator being a source of a pressure-stabilized gas in communication with the outer breathing chamber through the pressure regulating valve, the controller controlling the pressure regulating valve to produce a periodic pressure output to produce a periodic alternating pressure in the outer breathing chamber.

14. The assisted breathing apparatus of claim 1 wherein the pressure generator is separate from the pressure housing and the pressure generator is in communication with the outer breathing chamber within the pressure housing via tubing.

15. The assisted breathing machine of claim 1 wherein the pressure generator is disposed on the pressure housing, the pressure generator communicating with an outer breathing chamber within the pressure housing.

16. The assisted breathing machine of claim 1 wherein the pressure generator comprises a fan, an air compressor or a working cylinder comprising a piston cylinder or a bladder cylinder.

17. The assisted breathing machine of claim 1 wherein the chamber pressure regulation system further comprises at least one of: the system comprises an input system, a display system, a pressure sensing system, a servo system, a safety detection system and an alarm system.

18. An assisted breathing apparatus according to claim 17 wherein the servo system includes a pressure sensor, a body muscle electrical sensor, a signal processor, a controller, a computer and control software.

19. The assisted breathing machine of claim 1 wherein the chamber pressure regulation system further comprises a computer and intelligent control software, the control software including at least one of the following programs: the system comprises an input interface, a display interface, a safety detection program, a parameter optimization suggestion program and an alarm program.

20. A method of using an assisted breathing apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 19, comprising the steps of: