WO2021203571A1 - 移动式吊装控制方法、装置、系统及起重机械 - Google Patents

移动式吊装控制方法、装置、系统及起重机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021203571A1
WO2021203571A1 PCT/CN2020/101332 CN2020101332W WO2021203571A1 WO 2021203571 A1 WO2021203571 A1 WO 2021203571A1 CN 2020101332 W CN2020101332 W CN 2020101332W WO 2021203571 A1 WO2021203571 A1 WO 2021203571A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control
control terminal
hoisting
authority
terminal
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PCT/CN2020/101332
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余闯
于晓颖
曾杨
胡敏
林能发
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中联重科股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021203571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021203571A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/48Automatic control of crane drives for producing a single or repeated working cycle; Programme control
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/40Applications of devices for transmitting control pulses; Applications of remote control devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/46Position indicators for suspended loads or for crane elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00Safety gear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of mechanical automatic control, in particular to a mobile hoisting control method, a mobile hoisting control device, a mobile hoisting control system, a control terminal and a hoisting machine.
  • the remote controls for work machinery can indirectly control the operation of the work machinery, so that the operator of the work machinery does not have to work at high altitudes, and can reduce the risk of hoisting operations to a certain extent. But it also has the limitation of a single remote control. For example, there is only one remote control for control, which cannot be controlled separately during the lifting and lowering phases of the hoisting process, and the authority control is single, and there is only authority switching between the remote control and the main station.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile hoisting control method, device and system, which aims to solve the problem of the limitation of operation caused by a single control terminal in the operation of the existing work machinery.
  • a mobile hoisting control method is provided in the first aspect of the present invention, the method including:
  • the method before generating the hoisting path, the method further includes:
  • the step of generating the hoisting path includes:
  • the control authority of the hook is performed Assignment, including:
  • the first control terminal When the distance between the hook and the first control terminal is less than a first distance threshold, the first control terminal maintains the control authority
  • the first control terminal releases the control authority
  • the hoisting path is re-planned.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes: according to the information type of the mutual information with the first control terminal and the second control terminal, using different communication links to transmit the mutual information of the corresponding information type.
  • a mobile hoisting control device including:
  • At least one processor At least one processor
  • a memory connected to the at least one processor
  • the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the aforementioned mobile hoisting control method by executing the instructions stored in the memory.
  • a control terminal including: a positioning module, a control module, an authority management module, and an authority indicator.
  • the control terminal also includes: a height sensor, a first communication module, and a second communication Module.
  • a mobile hoisting control system including: the aforementioned mobile hoisting control device and a plurality of aforementioned control terminals.
  • a hoisting machine including the aforementioned mobile hoisting control device.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention can enable the driver in the starting and ending area to monitor and intervene in the movement state of the hook during the automatic operation of the working machine, so as to ensure the safety of automatic operation without reducing the hoisting efficiency.
  • the switching strategy of the control authority of the work machine in a round of hoisting process between multiple modes can adopt a flexible control mode for the complex working conditions of the work machine at the scene.
  • the driver monitors the hook status during the automatic operation process and can switch to control at any time.
  • the terminal control mode ensures the safety and efficiency of work machinery control.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a mobile hoisting control method in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile hoisting control device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile hoisting control system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a part of a flow chart of a mobile hoisting control method in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is another part of the flow chart of the mobile hoisting control method in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a mobile hoisting control method in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a mobile hoisting control method, which includes:
  • control terminals in the present invention all refer to portable and movable remote control devices, the same below. Moreover, it can solve the problem of the distribution and management of the control authority of multiple control terminals during the hoisting process, and ensure the hoisting control personnel with the best viewing angle to control the hoisting process, thereby improving the safety and accuracy of the hoisting control.
  • This embodiment adopts the strategies of “nearby allocation” and “active application” to ensure that during the hoisting operation, not only the personal judgment of the mobile operator is combined, but also the distance limitation of the mobile operator during the operation is fully considered. factor.
  • this embodiment combines the automatic path planning technology to use the location of the control terminal as the operating point of the hoisting path.
  • the location of the control terminal can be equivalent to the actual location of the operator. Taking the location of the operator as a point, planning the hoisting path can enable the operator to maintain the best observation position and ensure the accuracy of control.
  • an "active application” is executed, that is, referring to the control authority application of the control terminal, so as to make full use of the operator's empirical judgment on the hoisting site, and avoid the operator's control malpractices that the operator cannot control when the danger is approaching.
  • the method before generating the hoisting path, the method further includes:
  • the "first” and “second” in the control terminal are only to distinguish between the two control terminals.
  • the specific first and second can be set manually or based on other mechanisms. Settings, such as ID number size or preset priority, etc.
  • the "first application” mechanism is adopted, that is, the control authority is assigned to the control terminal that first sends the control authority application, and this control terminal is marked as the first control terminal, and the other one naturally becomes the second control terminal.
  • This mechanism can ensure that the hook performs the lifting process at the starting point first, which is more in line with the actual lifting operation process. Before this step, it also includes determining that the two control terminals are in a powered-on state.
  • the powered-on control terminal directly obtains the control right of the work machine and operates the work machine. This place is used for hoisting or moving the working machine by the operator during non-hoisting working hours. Further, if the two control terminals are in the power-on state, but the control authority is not requested, the hook will stay in the starting area. If there are multiple control terminals, only a maximum of two control terminals are allowed to be turned on at the same time. If there are more than two control terminals to be turned on, the first control terminal that first obtains the control authority will complete the control alone, or remind other non-current wheels to hoist The planned control terminal is closed.
  • the step of generating the hoisting path includes: based on the relative position information of the position of the first control terminal and the hook, the position of the second control terminal and the position of the hook.
  • the relative position information of the lifting hook is combined with the three-dimensional scene model of the lifting site to plan the lifting path, and send the lifting path to the first control terminal and the second control terminal.
  • the first control terminal and the second control terminal are carried by the operator to the starting point and the end point of the wheel hoisting respectively, and the position information of the first control terminal and the second control terminal are periodically sent to the path planning system after the power is turned on.
  • the driver applies/release the gear switch by operating the control authority on the control terminal.
  • first obtain only one control terminal obtains the control authority and gives a reminder, for example, the control authority indicator light is on. Because GPS and other positioning technologies have the disadvantage of insufficient height positioning accuracy in construction sites with many obstacles, they cannot meet the control requirements of operating machinery.
  • the motion planning system takes the position of the control terminal that first obtains the control authority as the starting point and the position of the other control terminal as the end point.
  • the relative position information of the control terminal and the hook is calculated by using the position information of the two control terminals obtained periodically.
  • plan the automatic running path and send the planned path information to the control terminal.
  • the motion planning system does not perform path planning.
  • Allocating the control authority of the hook includes: when the distance between the hook and the first control terminal is less than a first distance threshold, the first control terminal maintains the control authority; When the distance of the first control terminal is greater than or equal to the first distance threshold, the first control terminal releases the control authority; when the second control terminal applies for the control authority, and the control authority is not assigned to When the first control terminal, the control authority is assigned to the second control terminal; when the second control terminal does not apply for the control authority, and the distance between the hook and the second control terminal is less than At the second distance threshold, the action of the hook is suspended.
  • This embodiment is used to exemplify the distribution of the control authority in a hoisting operation, and the actual hoisting operation needs to be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • Two drivers carrying a movable control terminal are respectively located at the start and end of the wheel hoisting. After the hoisting path is generated, the hoisting path is executed. After the operator of the starting point control terminal comprehensively plans the path information and the information observed from his own perspective, he manipulates the hook to leave the starting point area, and the starting point control terminal releases the control right of the working machine. If the starting point controls the terminal control right of the working machine, the control right of the working machine is The control is completed throughout the whole process, which is suitable for situations where the starting point and the ending point are very close.
  • the terminal control terminal will automatically run according to the planned path. If the terminal control terminal is turned on and apply for the control authority, the terminal control terminal will obtain the control right of the work machine and control the work machine. Two control terminals You can apply for and obtain the allocation at any time during the automatic operation process, and then obtain the control right to control the working machinery.
  • the receiver When only one control terminal switch is set to the control authority application file, the receiver will only receive the operating machinery control instructions of the control terminal. When multiple control terminal switches are set to the control authority application file, the receiver will first switch to the control authority application file.
  • control terminal close to the hook first applies for and obtains the control authority for the work machine control instructions of the control terminal of the gear; the receiver sends the control terminal ID that currently has the control right to the control terminal through the communication module, and receives the positioning information of the control terminal.
  • the authority indicator of the control terminal that has obtained the control authority is on.
  • the first distance threshold and the second distance threshold can be equal, for example: the artificially set D-meter range, that is, the artificially set D-meter range around the hook of the first control terminal and the second control terminal as the starting area and the end point area.
  • the D meter here can be a direct distance or a horizontal distance.
  • the hoisting path is re-planned.
  • most of the target point location information is sent when the target point terminal presses the tower crane control request button.
  • This embodiment can periodically send the location information of the two control terminals, even when the end point remote control station is moving. Plan the best automatic running path at any time.
  • the path planning system has completed the path planning from the starting point to the end point, and feeds it back to the remote control terminal to guide the driver to better complete the hoisting task.
  • the method further includes:
  • the starting point area of a round, the starting point of the previous round, the starting point area where the controlling terminal is located or the new position moved to by the controlling terminal becomes the ending point of the next round.
  • the path planning automatically plans the next round of the path after the hook reaches the end area, and there is no need to manually trigger the hook running path planning, which has a high degree of automation; in addition, it ensures that the hook is used for the new round of motion planning.
  • the method further includes: according to the information type of the information exchanged with the first control terminal and the second control terminal, using different communication links to transmit the corresponding information type Exchange information.
  • the communication between the work machine and the control terminal is realized through the receiver on the work machine.
  • Two sets of parallel communication modules are used between the control terminal and the receiver.
  • the wireless communication module 1 uses a bridge or 4G module to maintain two-way communication.
  • the receiver sends to the control terminal the planned path information, the working condition information of the work machine and the control terminal ID information that currently has the control authority, and the control terminal sends the GPS positioning data and height sensor data with the control terminal ID to the receiver;
  • wireless communication Module 2 uses 433MHz radio frequency technology to maintain one-way communication from the control terminal to the receiver.
  • the control terminal sends a control command containing the control terminal ID to the receiver, and a control permission application/release command.
  • the above only enumerates one implementation method. In actual scenarios, the selected communication method may be different, and the two can also adopt the division of labor or the main-standby redundancy method.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile hoisting control device in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • a mobile hoisting control device including: at least one processor;
  • a memory connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the aforementioned mobile hoisting by executing the instructions stored in the memory Control Method.
  • the processor here has the functions of numerical calculation and logical operation, and it has at least a central processing unit CPU with data processing capabilities, random access memory RAM, read-only memory ROM, various I/O ports and interrupt systems.
  • the data processing module here can be, for example, common hardware such as a single chip microcomputer, a chip, or a processor.
  • the device can be an industrial computer or a controller in a work machine execution control system, and its hardware form can be a PLC controller, and its realized function is a sub-function of the work machine control device, and its specific form is dependent A piece of software code in the hardware operating environment of the computer or controller of an existing work machine.
  • the embodiments provided by the present invention also provide a control terminal, also called a remote control device, which adopts wireless communication and can be carried by the operator, including: positioning Module, control module, authority management module and authority indicator.
  • the control terminal also includes a height sensor, a first communication module and a second communication module.
  • a mobile control terminal for a single working machine which also includes components such as a positioning module, a control module, an authority management module, and an authority indicator, but it does not include a height sensor, a first communication module, and The second communication module, etc., and it does not involve the management of the control authority between multiple control terminals.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile hoisting control system in an embodiment of the present invention; in an embodiment provided by the present invention, a mobile hoisting control system is also provided, including: the aforementioned mobile hoisting A control device and a plurality of control terminals as described above.
  • the control terminal communicates with the receiver through the wireless communication module 1 and the wireless communication module 2.
  • the various subsystems on the tower are connected through the CAN bus and realize the control function of the working machine.
  • the aforementioned mobile hoisting control device can be set in the controller in FIG. 3.
  • a hoisting machine which includes the aforementioned mobile hoisting control device.
  • the control device in the work machine system can execute the aforementioned mobile hoisting control method, and has a hardware environment of a processor and a memory.
  • the hoisting machine includes the aforementioned mobile hoisting control device, it can receive the control instructions of the remote wireless control terminal and assign the control authority, so that the completion of the hoisting operation is more accurate and safer.
  • FIGS 4 and 5 are flow diagrams of a mobile hoisting control method in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the figures describe in more detail the specific steps and logical relationships implemented in a hoisting operation.
  • control terminal control authority is higher than the path planning system, and the control terminal obtains the control authority in the order of application.
  • Examples of several main control schemes are as follows: The numbers 1 and 2 behind the control terminal are only for distinguishing numbers, which have the same functions as the aforementioned "first" and "second".
  • control terminals 1 and 2 are turned on, but they have not applied for the control authority, and the hook stays in the starting area;
  • the control terminals 1 and 2 are turned on, and the terminal control terminal first applies for and obtains the control authority. At this time, the two drivers can communicate through the walkie-talkie. Whether the terminal control terminal releases the control authority or the terminal control terminal controls the operation machinery throughout the entire process to complete the wheel hoisting;
  • the control terminals 1 and 2 are turned on, the starting point control terminal first applies for and obtains the control authority, the starting point control terminal controls the hook to leave the hook area, the end control terminal first applies for the control authority, the starting point controls the terminal and then the control authority is released, and the end control terminal controls The work machinery completes the hoisting of this wheel;
  • the control terminals 1 and 2 are turned on, the starting point control terminal applies for control authority, the starting point control terminal controls the hook to leave the hook area, the starting point control terminal releases the control authority, the end point control terminal does not apply for control authority, and the motion planning system controls the automatic movement of the working machinery , Before the hook enters the terminal area, the terminal control terminal first applies for control authority, and the terminal control terminal controls the working machinery to complete the hoisting of this wheel;
  • the control terminals 1 and 2 are turned on, the starting point control terminal applies for control authority, the starting point control terminal controls the hook to leave the hook area, the starting point control terminal releases the control authority, the end control terminal does not apply for control authority, and the motion planning system controls the automatic movement of the working machinery , After the hook enters the terminal area, the terminal control terminal does not apply for control authority, and the operation machinery stops moving;
  • the control terminals 1 and 2 are turned on, the starting point control terminal applies for control authority, the starting point control terminal controls the hook to leave the hook area, the starting point control terminal releases the control authority, the end point control terminal does not apply for control authority, and the motion planning system controls the automatic movement of the working machinery , The driver observes that there is a risk in automatic operation, and the control terminals 1 and 2 apply for the control authority to control the operating machinery, or directly perform emergency stop operations.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the aforementioned mobile hoisting control method.
  • the tower crane as a device that takes into account both safety and efficiency, requires the driver to monitor the hook status at any time during the automatic operation process, and obtain the control authority of the working machine at any time under abnormal conditions.
  • the embodiment provided by the present invention can be in addition to the terminal area At the same time that the starting point remote control terminal has obtained the control authority, the path planning system has completed the path planning from the starting point to the end point area, and feedback to the remote control terminal to guide the driver to better complete the hoisting task.
  • the work machine has four control modes: the first control terminal control, the second control terminal control, the motion planning system control (reception control), and the stop.
  • the switching strategy between these modes can adopt a flexible control mode for the complex working conditions of the operating machinery on-site.
  • the driver monitors the hook status during the automatic operation process, and can switch to the remote control console control mode at any time, ensuring the safety and efficiency of the work machinery control.
  • the invention has simple logic and convenient implementation, and has a wide range of application scenarios.
  • the program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable the single-chip microcomputer, chip, or processor. (processor) Execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

Abstract

一种移动式吊装控制方法、移动式吊装控制装置、移动式吊装控制系统、控制终端以及起重机械。所述方法包括:以第一控制终端所在位置为起点,生成到第二控制终端所在位置之间的吊装路径;在执行所述吊装路径的过程中,基于吊钩相对于所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的位置以及所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的操控权限申请,对吊钩的操控权限进行分配,直至所述吊装路径执行完成。解决了多个控制终端之间的操控权限分配的问题,同时还针对作业机械现场复杂工况采取灵活的控制模式,可随时切换到控制模式,确保了作业机械控制的安全性与效率。

Description

移动式吊装控制方法、装置、系统及起重机械 技术领域
本发明涉及机械自动控制领域,具体地涉及一种移动式吊装控制方法、一种移动式吊装控制装置、一种移动式吊装控制系统、一种控制终端以及一种起重机械。
背景技术
随着科技与经济的发展,建筑工程规模不断增大,高度更高、臂长更长的大型工程机械的需求也越来越多。由于大型工程机械的施工范围大,如吊装范围从十几米到几百米,机手在驾驶室进行施工操作时,受视距、视角所限,无法进行精细施工,需要人员辅助。同时,由于受施工场所等条件限制,大型工程机械施工过程中的安全隐患不可避免。
目前的市场上出现的针对作业机械的遥控器,能够间接操控作业机械运转,使作业机械司机不必在高空进行作业,能够在一定程度上降低吊装作业的危险。但是其也存在单个遥控器存在的局限性的问题。例如,只有一个遥控器实施控制,无法在吊装过程的起吊和落下阶段分别进行控制,以及权限控制单一,仅存在遥控器与总台之间的权限切换。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种移动式吊装控制方法、装置及系统,旨在解决在现有作业机械运行中单个控制终端带来操控局限性的问题。
为了实现上述目的,在本发明的第一方面提供一种移动式吊装控 制方法,所述方法包括:
以第一控制终端所在位置为起点,生成到第二控制终端所在位置之间的吊装路径;
在执行所述吊装路径的过程中,基于吊钩相对于所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的位置以及所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的操控权限申请,对吊钩的操控权限进行分配,直至所述吊装路径执行完成。
可选的,在生成所述吊装路径之前,所述方法还包括:
确定两个控制终端处于开机状态;
接收所述两个控制终端的操控权限申请;
分配吊钩的操控权限给先发送操控权限申请的控制终端,并标记此控制终端为所述第一控制终端,另一控制终端为所述第二控制终端。
可选的,所述吊装路径的生成步骤,包括:
基于所述第一控制终端所在位置与所述吊钩的相对位置信息、所述第二控制终端所在位置与所述吊钩的相对位置信息,结合吊装现场的三维场景模型,规划所述吊装路径,并向所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端发送所述吊装路径。
可选的,基于吊钩相对于所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的位置以及所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的操控权限申请,对吊钩的操控权限进行分配,包括:
当所述吊钩与所述第一控制终端的距离小于第一距离阈值时,所述第一控制终端保持所述操控权限;
当所述吊钩与所述第一控制终端的距离大于等于第一距离阈值时,所述第一控制终端释放所述操控权限;
当所述第二控制终端申请所述操控权限,且所述操控权限未被分 配给所述第一控制终端时,分配所述操控权限给所述第二控制终端;
当所述第二控制终端未申请所述操控权限,且所述吊钩与所述第二控制终端的距离小于第二距离阈值时,中止所述吊钩的动作。
可选的,当所述第一控制终端所在位置和/或所述第二控制终端所在位置发生更新的时候,重新规划所述吊装路径。
可选的,在所述吊装路径执行完成之后,所述方法还包括:
重新标记第一控制终端和第二控制终端;
生成所述第一控制终端所在位置到所述第二控制终端所在位置的吊装路径。
可选的,所述方法还包括:根据与所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端互交信息的信息类型,采用不同的通信链路传输对应信息类型的互交信息。
在本发明的第二方面,还提供了一种移动式吊装控制装置,包括:
至少一个处理器;
存储器,与所述至少一个处理器连接;
其中,所述存储器存储有能被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述至少一个处理器通过执行所述存储器存储的指令实现前述的移动式吊装控制方法。
在本发明的第三方面,还提供了一种控制终端,包括:定位模块、操控模块、权限管理模块和权限指示灯,所述控制终端还包括:高度传感器、第一通信模块和第二通信模块。
在本发明的第四方面,还提供了一种移动式吊装控制系统,包括:前述的移动式吊装控制装置和多个前述的控制终端。
在本发明的第四方面,还提供了一种起重机械,包括前述移动式吊装控制装置。
本发明提供的技术方案能够使作业机械在自动运行过程中,起点终点区域的司机都可监控并干预吊钩的运动状态,确保自动运行安全性的情况下,也不会降低吊装效率。另外,作业机械在一轮吊装过程中控制权限在多种模式间的切换策略,能够针对作业机械现场复杂工况采取灵活的控制模式,司机在自动运行过程监控吊钩状态,可随时切换到控制终端控制模式,确保了作业机械控制的安全性与效率。
本发明实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明实施例,但并不构成对本发明实施例的限制。在附图中:
图1为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制方法的流程示意图;
图2为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制装置的结构示意图;
图3为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制系统的结构示意图;
图4为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制方法的流程步骤图的一部分;
图5为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制方法的流程步骤图的另一部分。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
以下结合附图对本发明实施例的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明实施例,并不用于限制本发明实施例。
图1为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制方法的流程示意图。如图1所示,本发明提供一种移动式吊装控制方法,所述方法包括:
以第一控制终端所在位置为起点,生成到第二控制终端所在位置之间的吊装路径;
在执行所述吊装路径的过程中,基于吊钩相对于所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的位置以及所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的操控权限申请,对吊钩的操控权限进行分配,直至所述吊装路径执行完成。
如此,能够避免现有的单个控制终端在吊装过程中存在操作距离过长,而导致的视线受阻和无法准确控制的问题。本发明中的控制终端均指便携式可移动的遥控装置,下同。而且能够解决多个控制终端在吊装过程中的操控权限分配和管理的问题,保证观察角度最佳的吊装控制人员对吊装过程的控制,从而提升吊装控制的安全性和精准性。本实施方式通过采用“就近分配”以及“主动申请”的策略,能够保证在吊装作业的过程中,不仅结合了移动操控人员的个人判断,还充分考虑了移动操控人员在操作过程中的距离限制因素。
现有技术中没有公开塔吊作业中多个控制终端的情况,也没有公开多个控制终端同时存在时,操控权限的在多个终端之间的转换情况。
具体的,本实施方式结合自动路径规划技术,以控制终端所在位 置作为吊装路径的作业点。由于控制终端为便携式移动设备,因此此处的控制终端所在位置可以等同于操控人员的实际位置。以操控人员所在位置为点位,规划吊装路径,能够使操控人员保持最佳的观察位置,保证操控的准确性。在吊装路径的执行中,执行“主动申请”,即参考所述控制终端的操控权限申请,以此充分利用操控人员对于吊装现场的经验判断,避免操控人员对于危险临近却无法控制的操控弊端。以及执行“就近分配”,即参考吊钩相对于控制终端的位置,以此使吊钩的操控权限分配至最佳观察点位的操作人员。通过以上策略,使操控权限在控制终端与总控之间以及控制终端之间进行切换,以此实现吊装过程的安全准确完成。
在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,在生成所述吊装路径之前,所述方法还包括:
确定两个控制终端处于开机状态;接收所述两个控制终端的操控权限申请;分配吊钩的操控权限给先发送操控权限申请的控制终端,并标记此控制终端为所述第一控制终端,另一控制终端为所述第二控制终端。
在前一实施方式中,控制终端中的“第一”和“第二”的仅在于对两个控制终端进行区分,具体的第一和第二可以采用人为设定,或者是基于其他机制进行设定,例如ID号大小或者预设优先级等。在本实施方式中,采用“先申请”的机制,即将分配操控权限给先发送操控权限申请的控制终端,并标记此控制终端为第一控制终端,另一个则自然成为第二控制终端。此机制能够保证吊钩先在起点执行起吊过程,更符合实际的吊装作业流程。在此步骤之前还包括确定两个控制终端处于开机状态,若当只有一个控制终端开机的情况下,不进行路径规划,直接由开机的控制终端获得作业机械控制权,操作作业机械。此 处用于作业机械在非吊装作业时间内,由操控人员进行作业机械的归位或移动等操作。进一步的,若两个控制终端处于开机状态,但都未请控制权限,那么吊钩将停留在起点区域不动。如果多个控制终端,则同时只允许最多两个控制终端开机,如果存在两个以上控制终端开机情况,则由首先获得控制权限的第一控制终端单独完成控制,或提醒将其他非本轮吊装规划的控制终端关闭。
在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,所述吊装路径的生成步骤,包括:基于所述第一控制终端所在位置与所述吊钩的相对位置信息、所述第二控制终端所在位置与所述吊钩的相对位置信息,结合吊装现场的三维场景模型,规划所述吊装路径,并向所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端发送所述吊装路径。
在实际的操作过程中,第一控制终端和第二控制终端分别由操作人员携带至此轮吊装的起点和终点,开机后周期性发送第一控制终端和第二控制终端的位置信息给路径规划系统,司机通过操作控制终端上的操控权限申请/释放档位开关,按照先申请先获得的原则,最终只有一个控制终端获得操控权限并进行提醒,例如:操控权限指示灯亮。由于GPS等定位技术在障碍物较多的工地存在高度定位精度不够的弊端,不能满足作业机械控制需求,接收机根据塔吊初始安装位置信息,吊钩与塔吊的相对位置信息,接收机处(通常位于塔上)的高度传感信息,以及控制终端发送的带控制终端ID标识的GPS定位信息、高度传感信息,计算出控制终端与吊钩的水平、高度相对位置信息。运动规划系统以先获得操控权限的控制终端位置为起点,另一控制终端位置为终点,利用周期性获得的两个控制终端的位置信息计算出的控制终端与吊钩的水平、高度相对位置信息,结合事先建立的三维场景模型(此处工地的三维场景是事先导入并由操作人员持续更新 的),规划自动运行路径,并向控制终端发送规划路径信息。如前所述,若只有一个控制终端开机,则运动规划系统不进行路径规划。
在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,基于吊钩相对于所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的位置以及所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的操控权限申请,对吊钩的操控权限进行分配,包括:当所述吊钩与所述第一控制终端的距离小于第一距离阈值时,所述第一控制终端保持所述操控权限;当所述吊钩与所述第一控制终端的距离大于等于第一距离阈值时,所述第一控制终端释放所述操控权限;当所述第二控制终端申请所述操控权限,且所述操控权限未被分配给所述第一控制终端时,分配所述操控权限给所述第二控制终端;当所述第二控制终端未申请所述操控权限,且所述吊钩与所述第二控制终端的距离小于第二距离阈值时,中止所述吊钩的动作。
本实施方式用于举例一次吊装作业中的操控权限的分配情况,在实际的吊装作业中需要根据实际的需要进行调整。两名携带可移动的控制终端的司机分别位于此轮吊装的起点与终点,生成吊装路径之后,开始执行吊装路径。所述起点控制终端操作者综合规划路径信息和自身视角观测到的信息操控吊钩离开起点区域后,起点控制终端释放作业机械控制权,若起点控制终端作业机械控制权,则由作业机械控制权全程完成控制,适用于起点终点距离很近的情况。此时若终点控制终端开机但未申请操控权限,作业机械根据规划路径自动运行,若终点控制终端开机且申请操控权限,由终点控制终端获得作业机械控制权,进行作业机械操控,两个控制终端可在自动运行过程中随时申请并获得分配后,取得控制权操控作业机械。当只有一个控制终端开关拨到操控权限申请档,则接收机只接收该控制终端的作业机械控制指令,当有多个控制终端开关拨到操控权限申请档,接收机接收先拨到 操控权限申请档的控制终端的作业机械控制指令,一般由靠近吊钩的控制终端先申请并获得操控权限;接收机通过通信模块向控制终端发送当前获得控制权的控制终端ID,接收控制终端的定位信息,获得操控权限的控制终端权限指示灯亮。
作业机械存在第一控制终端控制、第二控制终端控制、运动规划系统控制(总台控制)、停止4种控制模式。进入终点区域后自动运行停止,若终点控制终端申请控制权,则终点控制终端操控作业机械,吊钩进入终点区域后,此轮运动规划结束。此处的第一距离阈值和第二距离阈值可以相等,例如:人为设定的D米范围,即将第一控制终端和第二控制终端人为设定的吊钩周围D米范围为起点区域与终点区域。此处的D米可以为直接距离或水平距离。现有的技术中一般仅在吊装路径的终点位置进行控制,此方案会导致起点位置的司机即使拥有较好视线也无法手动控制作业机械。因此,本实施方式能够明显解决这一弊端。
在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,当所述第一控制终端所在位置和/或所述第二控制终端所在位置发生更新的时候,重新规划所述吊装路径。现有的技术中多是在目标点终端按下塔吊控制申请键时发送目标点位置信息,本实施方式能够周期性的发送两个控制终端的位置信息,在终点遥控台移动的情况下也能随时规划最佳的自动运行路径。另外,在起点遥控终端获得控制权限的同时,路径规划系统已完成起点到终点区域的路径规划,并反馈给遥控终端,指导司机更好的完成吊装任务。
在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,在所述吊装路径执行完成之后,所述方法还包括:
重新标记第一控制终端和第二控制终端;生成所述第一控制终端 所在位置到第二控制终端所在位置的吊装路径。吊钩从起点区域运动到终点区域,吊钩进入终点区域后,此轮运动规划结束,当吊钩当前所在区域控制终端获得操控权限后,终点控制终端司机手动控制被吊物精准平稳地落钩,并以当前获得操控权限的控制终端为起点(即为第一控制终端),另一控制终端(即为第二控制终端)为终点规划新一轮吊装路径,上一轮的终点区域成为下一轮的起点区域,上一轮的起点控制终端所在的起点区域或控制终端移动到的新位置成为下一轮的终点区域。在本实施方式中,路径规划在吊钩达到终点区域后自动规划下一轮路径,不需要人为触发吊钩运行路径规划,自动化程度较高;另外,确保了新一轮运动规划时,吊钩始终处于每一轮吊装起点控制终端所在的起点区域,每两轮自动运行间,都必有一个控制终端控制的时间,控制终端机手能够对起钩过程进行近距离控制;在控制吊钩离开起点区域、释放操控权限后并开始自动运行后,司机即可携带控制终端前往下一轮吊装目的地,确保了吊装效率。
在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,所述方法还包括:根据与所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端互交信息的信息类型,采用不同的通信链路传输对应信息类型的互交信息。
作业机械与控制终端间的通信是通过作业机械上的接收机实现的,控制终端与该接收机间采用两套并列的通信模块,例如:无线通信模块1采用网桥或4G模块,保持双向通信,接收机向控制终端发送规划路径信息、作业机械工况信息和当前获得操控权限的控制终端ID信息,控制终端向接收机发送带控制终端ID标识的GPS定位数据、高度传感数据;无线通信模块2采用433MHz射频技术,保持控制终端到接收机的单向通信,控制终端向接收机发送包含控制终端ID标识的控制指令,操控权限申请/释放指令。以上仅列举了一种实 施方式,在实际的场景中,所选择的通信方式或许有所不同,两者也可以采用分工协作或者主备冗余的方式。
图2为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制装置的结构示意图,如图2所示。在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,还提供了一种移动式吊装控制装置,包括:至少一个处理器;
存储器,与所述至少一个处理器连接;其中,所述存储器存储有能被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述至少一个处理器通过执行所述存储器存储的指令实现前述的移动式吊装控制方法。此处的处理器具有数值计算和逻辑运算的功能,其至少具有数据处理能力的中央处理器CPU、随机存储器RAM、只读存储器ROM、多种I/O口和中断系统等。此处数据处理模块可以例如为单片机、芯片或处理器等常用硬件。在此处,该装置可以是作业机械执行控制系统中的工控机或控制器,其硬件形式可以是PLC控制器,其实现的功能为作业机械控制装置中的一个子功能,其具体形式为依赖于现有作业机械的电脑或控制器的硬件运行环境中的一段软件代码。
为了更好地实现前述实施方式中的控制功能,本发明提供的实施方式中,还提供了一种控制终端,也称为遥控装置,采用无线通信,并可由操作人员随身携带,其包括:定位模块、操控模块、权限管理模块和权限指示灯,所述控制终端还包括高度传感器、第一通信模块和第二通信模块。在现有的技术中,已经存在单个作业机械的移动式控制终端,其也包含了定位模块、操控模块、权限管理模块和权限指示灯等组件,但是其没有包括高度传感器、第一通信模块和第二通信模块等,而且其没有涉及多个控制终端之间的操控权限的管理。
图3为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制系统的结构示意图;在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,还提供了一种移动式吊装控制 系统,包括:如前述的移动式吊装控制装置和多个如前述的控制终端。控制终端通过无线通信模块1和无线通信模块2,与接收机通信。塔上的各子系统通过CAN总线相连,并实现作业机械的操控功能,前述的移动式吊装控制装置可设置于图3中的控制器中。
在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,还提供了一种起重机械,包括如前述移动式吊装控制装置。如前一实施方式所述,作业机械系统中的控制装置能够执行前述的移动式吊装控制方法,并拥有处理器和存储器的硬件环境。当起重机械包括有前述的移动式吊装控制装置时,能够接收远端的无线控制终端的操控指令,并分配所述操控权限,以使吊装作业的完成更加准确和更加安全。
图4和图5为本发明一种实施例中的移动式吊装控制方法的流程步骤图。如图4和图5所示,图中较为详细描述了一次吊装作业中实施的具体步骤以及逻辑关系。
为了便于本领域技术人员理解,以下举例在一次吊装过程中的操控权限分配情况。要完成一轮吊装,实际操作时可能有多种情况,主要原则是控制终端控制权限高于路径规划系统,控制终端间按申请的先后顺序获得控制权限,几种主要的操控方案举例如下:其中控制终端后的1和2仅为区分编号,与前述的“第一”“第二”作用相同。
1)控制终端1、2开机,但都未申请控制权限,吊钩停留在起点区域不动;
2)仅一个控制终端开机,且申请控制权限,由该控制终端司机全程控制作业机械;
3)控制终端1、2开机,终点控制终端先申请并获得控制权限,此时两名司机可通过对讲机沟通,终点控制终端释放控制权限还是终点控制终端全程控制作业机械完成此轮吊装;
3)控制终端1、2开机,起点控制终端先申请并获得控制权限,起点控制终端控制吊钩离开吊钩区域,终点控制终端先申请控制权限,起点控制终端后释放控制权限,终点控制终端控制作业机械完成此轮吊装;
4)控制终端1、2开机,起点控制终端申请控制权限,起点控制终端控制吊钩离开吊钩区域,起点控制终端释放控制权限,终点控制终端未申请控制权限,运动规划系统控制作业机械自动运动,在吊钩进入终点区域前,终点控制终端先申请控制权限,终点控制终端控制作业机械完成此轮吊装;
5)控制终端1、2开机,起点控制终端申请控制权限,起点控制终端控制吊钩离开吊钩区域,起点控制终端释放控制权限,终点控制终端未申请控制权限,运动规划系统控制作业机械自动运动,在吊钩进入终点区域后,终点控制终端未申请控制权限,作业机械停止运动;
6)控制终端1、2开机,起点控制终端申请控制权限,起点控制终端控制吊钩离开吊钩区域,起点控制终端释放控制权限,终点控制终端未申请控制权限,运动规划系统控制作业机械自动运动,司机观察到自动运行存在风险,控制终端1、2申请获得控制权限操控作业机械,或者直接急停操作。
在本发明提供的一种实施方式中,还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述存储介质中存储有指令,当其在计算机上运行时,使得计算机执行前述的移动式吊装控制方法。
塔吊作为一种安全性与效率兼顾的设备,要求司机在自动运行过程随时监控吊钩状态,在异常情况下随时获得作业机械控制权限,本发明提供的实施方式能够除了在终点区域之外,另外在起点遥控终端获得控制权限的同时,路径规划系统已完成起点到终点区域的路径规 划,并反馈给遥控终端,指导司机更好的完成吊装任务。前述的实施方式中,作业机械存在第一控制终端控制、第二控制终端控制、运动规划系统控制(总台控制)、停止4种控制模式,作业机械在一轮吊装过程中操作控制权限在四种模式间的切换策略,能够针对作业机械现场复杂工况采取灵活的控制模式。司机在自动运行过程监控吊钩状态,可随时切换到遥控台控制模式,确保了作业机械控制的安全性与效率。本发明逻辑简单且实现方便,具有广泛的应用场景。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明实施例的可选实施方式,但是,本发明实施例并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明实施例的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明实施例的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明实施例的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复,本发明实施例对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
本领域技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,该程序存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得单片机、芯片或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
此外,本发明实施例的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本发明实施例的思想,其同样应当视为本发明实施例所公开的内容。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种移动式吊装控制方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    以第一控制终端所在位置为起点,生成到第二控制终端所在位置之间的吊装路径;
    在执行所述吊装路径的过程中,基于吊钩相对于所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的位置以及所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的操控权限申请,对吊钩的操控权限进行分配,直至所述吊装路径执行完成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式吊装控制方法,其特征在于,在生成所述吊装路径之前,所述方法还包括:
    确定两个控制终端处于开机状态;
    接收所述两个控制终端的操控权限申请;
    分配吊钩的操控权限给先发送操控权限申请的控制终端,并标记此控制终端为所述第一控制终端,另一控制终端为所述第二控制终端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的移动式吊装控制方法,其特征在于,所述吊装路径的生成步骤,包括:
    基于所述第一控制终端所在位置与所述吊钩的相对位置信息、所述第二控制终端所在位置与所述吊钩的相对位置信息,结合吊装现场的三维场景模型,规划所述吊装路径,并向所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端发送所述吊装路径。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的移动式吊装控制方法,其特征在于,基于吊钩相对于所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的位置以及所 述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端的操控权限申请,对吊钩的操控权限进行分配,包括:
    当所述吊钩与所述第一控制终端的距离小于第一距离阈值时,所述第一控制终端保持所述操控权限;
    当所述吊钩与所述第一控制终端的距离大于等于第一距离阈值时,所述第一控制终端释放所述操控权限;
    当所述第二控制终端申请所述操控权限,且所述操控权限未被分配给所述第一控制终端时,分配所述操控权限给所述第二控制终端;
    当所述第二控制终端未申请所述操控权限,且所述吊钩与所述第二控制终端的距离小于第二距离阈值时,中止所述吊钩的动作。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的移动式吊装控制方法,其特征在于,当所述第一控制终端所在位置和/或所述第二控制终端所在位置发生更新的时候,重新规划所述吊装路径。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项权利要求所述移动式吊装控制方法,其特征在于,在所述吊装路径执行完成之后,所述方法还包括:
    重新标记第一控制终端和第二控制终端;
    生成所述第一控制终端所在位置到所述第二控制终端所在位置的吊装路径。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的移动式吊装控制方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:根据与所述第一控制终端和所述第二控制终端互交信息的信息类型,采用不同的通信链路传输对应信息类型的互交信息。
  8. 一种移动式吊装控制装置,其特征在于,包括:
    至少一个处理器;
    存储器,与所述至少一个处理器连接;
    其中,所述存储器存储有能被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述至少一个处理器通过执行所述存储器存储的指令实现权利要求1至7中任一项权利要求所述的移动式吊装控制方法。
  9. 一种控制终端,包括:定位模块、操控模块、权限管理模块和权限指示灯,其特征在于,所述控制终端还包括:高度传感器、第一通信模块和第二通信模块。
  10. 一种移动式吊装控制系统,其特征在于,包括:权利要求8所述的移动式吊装控制装置和多个权利要求9所述的控制终端。
  11. 一种起重机械,其特征在于,包括权利要求8所述的移动式吊装控制装置。
PCT/CN2020/101332 2020-04-08 2020-07-10 移动式吊装控制方法、装置、系统及起重机械 WO2021203571A1 (zh)

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