WO2021203337A1 - 指纹识别的方法、装置和电子设备 - Google Patents

指纹识别的方法、装置和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021203337A1
WO2021203337A1 PCT/CN2020/083845 CN2020083845W WO2021203337A1 WO 2021203337 A1 WO2021203337 A1 WO 2021203337A1 CN 2020083845 W CN2020083845 W CN 2020083845W WO 2021203337 A1 WO2021203337 A1 WO 2021203337A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
preset
fingerprint
target
environment
exposure time
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PCT/CN2020/083845
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丘芳芳
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深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020217020247A priority Critical patent/KR102667988B1/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2020/083845 priority patent/WO2021203337A1/zh
Priority to CN202080001502.XA priority patent/CN111801683B/zh
Priority to EP20904247.2A priority patent/EP3920087A4/en
Priority to CN202120564217.0U priority patent/CN215219708U/zh
Priority to CN202123124441.7U priority patent/CN216817442U/zh
Priority to US17/362,634 priority patent/US11928885B2/en
Publication of WO2021203337A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021203337A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1324—Sensors therefor by using geometrical optics, e.g. using prisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146—Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/1462—Coatings
    • H01L27/14621—Colour filter arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146—Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/1462—Coatings
    • H01L27/14623—Optical shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146—Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14625—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • H01L27/14627—Microlenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146—Imager structures
    • H01L27/14678—Contact-type imagers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/60—OLEDs integrated with inorganic light-sensitive elements, e.g. with inorganic solar cells or inorganic photodiodes
    • H10K59/65—OLEDs integrated with inorganic image sensors

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of fingerprint identification, and more specifically, to a method, device, and electronic device for fingerprint identification.
  • under-screen biometric identification technology such as under-screen fingerprint identification technology
  • the fingerprint recognition technology under the screen is based on the difference in the reflection ability of the ridges and valleys of the fingerprint to image, so as to perform fingerprint recognition.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a fingerprint identification method, device, and electronic equipment, which can effectively improve the accuracy of fingerprint identification.
  • a fingerprint recognition method is provided, which is applied to a fingerprint recognition device arranged under the display screen of an electronic device.
  • the fingerprint recognition device includes a pixel array and a color filter layer, and the color filter layer includes at least A filter unit, the at least one filter unit is respectively disposed above at least one first-type pixel of the pixel array, and the method includes: collecting the at least one first-type pixel sensed by the first-type pixel through the at least one The first light signal of the filter unit; according to the intensity of the first light signal, determine the fingerprint recognition environment; based on the fingerprint recognition environment, determine to collect the fingerprint light signal returned by the reflection or scattering of the finger above the display screen When the target acquisition parameter, the fingerprint light signal is used for fingerprint identification.
  • the at least one filter unit includes at least one red filter unit, the red filter unit is configured to transmit a red light signal, and the first light signal includes the red light signal .
  • the determining the fingerprint recognition environment according to the intensity of the first light signal includes: when the intensity of the red light signal is greater than a preset red light signal intensity, determining the fingerprint recognition The environment is a strong light environment; when the intensity of the red light signal is less than or equal to the preset red light signal intensity, it is determined that the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment.
  • the at least one light filter unit further includes at least one blue light filter unit, the blue light filter unit is configured to transmit blue light signals, and the first light signal further includes the Blu-ray signal.
  • the determining the fingerprint recognition environment according to the intensity of the first light signal includes: when the intensity of the red light signal is less than or equal to the preset red light signal intensity, and the blue light signal When the signal strength is greater than the preset blue light signal strength, it is determined that the fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment.
  • the determining, based on the fingerprint recognition environment, the target collection parameters when the fingerprint light signal returned by the reflection or scattering of the finger above the display screen is collected includes: recognizing according to the fingerprint The amount of change of the ambient light in the environment relative to the preset ambient light determines the adjustment amount of the preset collection parameter, wherein, under the preset ambient light, the collection parameter when the fingerprint light signal is collected is the preset collection Parameters; determine the target acquisition parameters according to the preset acquisition parameters and the adjustment amount.
  • the target collection parameters include target exposure time and target gain parameters
  • the preset collection parameters include preset exposure time and preset gain parameters
  • the fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment
  • the target product is the difference between the preset product and the adjustment amount, wherein the target product is the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter, and the preset product is the preset exposure time and the The product of the preset gain parameters; if the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment, the adjustment amount is zero, and the target product is the preset product; if the fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment, the target product Is the sum of the preset product and the adjustment amount.
  • the preset exposure time is increased to the target exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is decreased to the Target gain parameter; or the target exposure time is the preset exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is reduced to the target gain parameter; or the preset exposure time is reduced to the target exposure time, And the preset gain parameter is reduced to the target gain parameter.
  • the target exposure time is the preset exposure time
  • the target gain parameter is the preset gain parameter
  • the preset exposure time is increased to the target exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is increased to the target Gain parameter; or the target exposure time is the preset exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is increased to the target gain parameter; or the preset exposure time is decreased to the target exposure time, and The preset gain parameter is increased to the target gain parameter.
  • the blue light component in the specific environment is greater than twice the blue light component in the normal environment.
  • the at least one filter unit is uniformly or non-uniformly distributed on the color filter layer.
  • the at least one filter unit when the at least one filter unit is uniformly distributed on the color filter layer, the at least one filter unit is arranged at intervals on the color filter layer.
  • the at least one filter unit is distributed in an edge area of the color filter layer.
  • the at least one filter unit is discretely distributed in the edge area of the color filter layer.
  • a fingerprint identification device which is arranged under the display screen of an electronic device for under-screen fingerprint identification.
  • the fingerprint identification device includes: a pixel array for collecting fingers passing through the upper part of the display screen.
  • the fingerprint light signal returned by reflection or scattering, the fingerprint light signal is used for fingerprint identification;
  • the color filter layer includes at least one filter unit, and the at least one filter unit is respectively arranged on at least one first of the pixel array Above a type of pixel; the at least one first type of pixel is used to sense a first light signal passing through the at least one filter unit, and the intensity of the first light signal is used to determine a fingerprint recognition environment to obtain collection The target collection parameter of the fingerprint light signal.
  • the fingerprint identification device further includes a processor configured to: determine the fingerprint identification environment based on the intensity of the first optical signal; determine the fingerprint identification environment based on the fingerprint identification environment The target acquisition parameters.
  • the processor of the electronic device is configured to: determine the fingerprint recognition environment based on the intensity of the first optical signal; and determine the target collection parameter based on the fingerprint recognition environment.
  • the at least one filter unit includes at least one red filter unit, the red filter unit is configured to transmit a red light signal, and the first light signal includes the red light signal .
  • the processor is specifically configured to: when the intensity of the red light signal is greater than the preset red light signal intensity, determine that the fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment; When the signal intensity is less than or equal to the preset red light signal intensity, it is determined that the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment.
  • the at least one light filter unit further includes at least one blue light filter unit, the blue light filter unit is configured to transmit blue light signals, and the first light signal further includes the Blu-ray signal.
  • the processor is specifically configured to: when the intensity of the red light signal is less than or equal to the preset red light signal intensity, and the intensity of the blue light signal is greater than the preset blue light signal intensity, It is determined that the fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment.
  • the processor is specifically configured to: determine an adjustment amount for adjusting the preset collection parameter according to the amount of change in the ambient light of the fingerprint recognition environment relative to the preset ambient light, where Under the preset ambient light, the collection parameter when collecting the fingerprint light signal is the preset collection parameter; the target collection parameter is determined according to the preset collection parameter and the adjustment amount.
  • the target collection parameters include target exposure time and target gain parameters
  • the preset collection parameters include preset exposure time and preset gain parameters
  • the fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment
  • the target product is the difference between the preset product and the adjustment amount, wherein the target product is the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter, and the preset product is the preset exposure time and the The product of the preset gain parameters; if the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment, the adjustment amount is zero, and the target product is the preset product; if the fingerprint environment is a specific environment, the product is the product The sum of the preset product and the adjustment amount.
  • the processor when the fingerprint recognition environment is the strong light environment, is specifically configured to: increase the preset exposure time to the target exposure time, and decrease the total exposure time.
  • the preset gain parameter is adjusted to the target gain parameter; or the preset exposure time is not adjusted, and the preset gain parameter is adjusted to the target gain parameter; or the preset exposure time is adjusted to the Target exposure time, and reduce the preset gain parameter to the target gain parameter.
  • the processor when the fingerprint recognition environment is the normal environment, the processor does not adjust the preset exposure time and the preset gain parameter.
  • the processor when the fingerprint recognition environment is the specific environment, is specifically configured to: increase the preset exposure time to the target exposure time, and increase the Preset the gain parameter to the target gain parameter; or do not adjust the preset exposure time, and increase the preset gain parameter to the target gain parameter; or decrease the preset exposure time to the target Exposure time, and increase the preset gain parameter to the target gain parameter.
  • the blue light component in the specific environment is greater than twice the blue light component in the normal environment.
  • the at least one filter unit is uniformly or non-uniformly distributed on the color filter layer.
  • the at least one filter unit when the at least one filter unit is uniformly distributed on the color filter layer, the at least one filter unit is arranged at intervals on the color filter layer.
  • the at least one filter unit is distributed in an edge area of the color filter layer.
  • the at least one filter unit is discretely distributed in the edge area of the color filter layer.
  • the fingerprint identification device further includes: at least one light-blocking layer and a microlens array, the at least one light-blocking layer is located under the microlens array, and is provided with a plurality of light-passing holes , The pixel array is used to receive light signals that are converged to the plurality of light-passing holes through the micro lens array and passed through the plurality of light-passing holes; wherein the color filter layer is arranged at the Between the at least one light blocking layer and the microlens array.
  • an electronic device including: a display screen and the fingerprint identification device in the second aspect and any one of its possible implementation manners.
  • the fingerprint recognition device includes a filter unit arranged above the pixel, and the filter unit can transmit light signals of different colors, so that the pixel can sense light signals of different colors, based on the sensed light signals of different colors.
  • the optical signal determines the fingerprint recognition environment, so that the collection parameters of the fingerprint light signal corresponding to the fingerprint recognition environment can be determined, and the accuracy of fingerprint recognition based on the collection parameters is relatively high.
  • FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are schematic diagrams of electronic devices to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic cross-sectional views of the electronic device shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B along the direction A-A', respectively.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint identification device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS 4 to 8 are schematic diagrams of the distribution of filter units according to embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another fingerprint identification device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fingerprint identification method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 11 and 12 are schematic flowcharts of two specific implementations of the fingerprint identification method in the embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a comparison diagram obtained by using two fingerprint identification methods.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of this application can be applied to fingerprint systems, including but not limited to optical, ultrasonic or other fingerprint detection systems and medical diagnostic products based on optical, ultrasonic or other fingerprint imaging.
  • the embodiments of this application only take optical fingerprint systems as an example
  • the embodiments of the present application should not constitute any limitation, and the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to other systems that use optical, ultrasonic, or other imaging technologies.
  • the optical fingerprint system provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to smart phones, tablet computers, and other mobile terminals with display screens or other electronic devices; more specifically, in the above electronic devices, the optical fingerprint The module can be set in a partial area or the entire area below the display screen to form an under-display or under-screen optical fingerprint system. Alternatively, the optical fingerprint module can also be partially or fully integrated into the display screen of the electronic device, thereby forming an in-display or in-screen optical fingerprint system.
  • the under-screen optical fingerprint detection technology uses light returned from the top surface of the device's display assembly to perform fingerprint sensing and other sensing operations.
  • the returned light carries information about objects in contact with the top surface, such as a finger.
  • the optical fingerprint detection of the specific optical sensor module located under the display screen is realized.
  • the design of the optical sensor module can be such that the desired optical imaging can be achieved by appropriately configuring the optical elements for collecting and detecting the returned light.
  • Figures 1A and 2A show schematic diagrams of electronic devices to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • 1A and 2A are schematic diagrams of the orientation of the electronic device 10
  • Figs. 1B and 2B are schematic partial cross-sectional diagrams of the electronic device 10 shown in Figs. 1A and 2A along the direction A-A', respectively.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a display screen 120 and a fingerprint identification device 130.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 is arranged in a partial area below the display screen 120.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 includes an optical fingerprint sensor, which includes a sensing array 133 having a plurality of optical sensing units 131 (also referred to as pixels, photosensitive pixels, pixel units, etc.).
  • the area where the sensing array 133 is located or its sensing area is the fingerprint recognition area 103 of the fingerprint recognition device 130. As shown in FIG. 1A, the fingerprint recognition area 103 is located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 is arranged in other positions, such as on the side of the display screen 120 or the non-transmissive area at the edge of the electronic device 10, and the optical path design is used to detect The optical signal of at least a part of the display area of the display screen 120 is guided to the fingerprint identification device 130, so that the fingerprint identification area 103 is actually located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the area of the fingerprint recognition area 103 may be different from the area of the sensing array 133 of the fingerprint recognition device 130, such as an optical path design for imaging through a lens, a reflective folding optical path design, or other optical path designs such as light convergence or reflection, so that the fingerprint recognition device
  • the area of the fingerprint identification area 103 of the fingerprint identification device 130 is larger than the area of the sensing array 133 of the fingerprint identification device 130.
  • the fingerprint recognition area 103 of the fingerprint recognition device 130 can also be designed to be substantially the same as the area of the sensing array 133 of the fingerprint recognition device 130.
  • the electronic device 10 adopting the above structure does not need to reserve space on the front side to set a fingerprint button (such as the Home button), so that a full-screen solution can be adopted, that is, the display area of the display screen 120 It can be basically extended to the front of the entire electronic device 10.
  • a fingerprint button such as the Home button
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 includes a light detecting part 134 and an optical component 132.
  • the light detection part 134 includes the sensor array 133, a reading circuit electrically connected to the sensor array 133, and other auxiliary circuits, which can be fabricated on a chip (Die) by a semiconductor process to form an optical fingerprint sensor ( Also called optical fingerprint chip, sensor, sensor chip, chip, etc.).
  • the sensing array 133 is specifically a photodetector (Photodetector) array, which includes a plurality of photodetectors distributed in an array, and the photodetectors can be used as the above-mentioned optical sensing unit.
  • the optical component 132 may be disposed above the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and it may specifically include a filter layer (Filter), a light guide layer or a light path guiding structure, and other optical elements. It can be used to filter out the ambient light penetrating the finger, and the light guide layer is mainly used to guide the reflected light reflected from the surface of the finger to the sensor array 133 for fingerprint detection.
  • a filter layer Finter
  • a light guide layer or a light path guiding structure and other optical elements. It can be used to filter out the ambient light penetrating the finger, and the light guide layer is mainly used to guide the reflected light reflected from the surface of the finger to the sensor array 133 for fingerprint detection.
  • the optical assembly 132 and the light detecting part 134 may be packaged in the same optical fingerprint component.
  • the optical component 132 and the optical detection part 134 may be packaged in the same optical fingerprint chip, or the optical component 132 may be arranged outside the chip where the optical detection part 134 is located, for example, the optical component 132 is attached above the chip, or some components of the optical assembly 132 are integrated into the chip.
  • the light guide layer of the optical component 132 has multiple implementation schemes.
  • the light guide layer may specifically be a collimator (Collimator) layer fabricated on a semiconductor silicon wafer, which has a plurality of collimator units or a micro-hole array, and the collimator unit may be specifically small holes, from Among the reflected light reflected by the finger, the light incident perpendicularly to the collimating unit can pass through and be received by the optical sensing unit below it, while the light with an excessively large incident angle is reflected in the collimating unit multiple times. Attenuated, therefore, each optical sensing unit can basically only receive the reflected light reflected by the fingerprint lines directly above it, so that the sensing array 133 can detect the fingerprint image of the finger.
  • Collimator collimator
  • the light guide layer may also be an optical lens (Lens) layer, which has one or more lens units, such as a lens group composed of one or more aspheric lenses, which is used to The reflected light reflected from the finger is condensed to the sensing array 133 of the light detection part 134 below it, so that the sensing array 133 can perform imaging based on the reflected light, thereby obtaining a fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the optical lens layer may further have a pinhole formed in the optical path of the lens unit, and the pinhole may cooperate with the optical lens layer to expand the field of view of the fingerprint identification device 130 to improve the fingerprint identification device 130. Fingerprint imaging effect.
  • the light guide layer may also specifically adopt a micro-lens (Micro-Lens) layer.
  • the micro-lens layer has a micro-lens array formed by a plurality of micro-lens, which may be obtained through a semiconductor growth process or other processes. It is formed above the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and each microlens may correspond to one of the sensing units of the sensing array 133, respectively.
  • Another optical film layer such as a dielectric layer or a passivation layer, may also be formed between the micro lens layer and the sensing unit.
  • a light blocking layer also called a light blocking layer, a light blocking layer, etc.
  • the light blocking layer can block the optical interference between the adjacent microlens and the sensor unit, and make the light corresponding to the sensor unit converge into the microhole through the microlens, and It is transmitted to the sensing unit via the micro-hole for optical fingerprint imaging.
  • a micro lens layer may be further provided above or below the collimator layer or the optical lens layer.
  • the collimator layer or the optical lens layer is used in combination with the micro lens layer, its specific laminated structure or optical path may need to be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the display screen 120 may be a display screen with a self-luminous display unit, such as an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display or a micro-LED (Micro-LED) display Screen.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • Micro-LED Micro-LED
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 can use the display unit (ie, an OLED light source) of the OLED display screen 120 located in the fingerprint identification area 103 as an excitation light source for optical fingerprint detection.
  • the display screen 120 emits a beam of light 111 to the finger 140 above the fingerprint recognition area 103.
  • the light 111 is reflected on the surface of the finger 140 to form reflected light or pass through all the fingers.
  • the finger 140 scatters inside to form scattered light.
  • the above-mentioned reflected light and scattered light are also collectively referred to as reflected light. Since the ridge 141 and valley 142 of the fingerprint have different light reflection capabilities, the reflected light 151 from the fingerprint ridge and the reflected light 152 from the fingerprint valley have different light intensities, and the reflected light passes through the optical component 132 After that, it is received by the sensing array 133 in the fingerprint identification device 130 and converted into a corresponding electrical signal, that is, a fingerprint detection signal. Based on the fingerprint detection signal, fingerprint image data can be obtained, and fingerprint matching verification is further performed, thereby realizing an optical fingerprint detection function in the electronic device 10.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 may also use a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for fingerprint detection.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 can be applied to a non-self-luminous display screen, such as a liquid crystal display screen or other passively-luminous display screens.
  • the optical fingerprint system of the electronic device 10 may also include an excitation light source for optical fingerprint detection.
  • the excitation light source may specifically be an infrared light source or a light source of non-visible light of a specific wavelength, which may be arranged under the backlight module of the liquid crystal display or arranged in the edge area under the protective cover of the electronic device 10, and fingerprint identification
  • the device 130 can be arranged under the edge area of the liquid crystal panel or the protective cover and guided by the light path so that the fingerprint detection light can reach the fingerprint identification device 130; or the fingerprint identification device 130 can also be arranged under the backlight module, and the The backlight module allows the fingerprint detection light to pass through the liquid crystal panel and the backlight module and reach the fingerprint identification device 130 by opening holes or other optical designs on the film layers such as the diffuser, the brightness enhancement film, and the reflective film.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 adopts a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for fingerprint detection, the detection principle is the same as that described above.
  • the electronic device 10 may also include a transparent protective cover, and the cover may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover, which is located above the display screen 120 and covers the electronic device.
  • the front of 10. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, the so-called finger pressing on the display screen 120 actually refers to pressing on the cover plate above the display screen 120 or covering the surface of the protective layer of the cover plate.
  • the electronic device 10 may further include a circuit board 150, and the circuit board 150 is arranged under the fingerprint identification device 130.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 can be glued to the circuit board 150 through adhesive, and is electrically connected to the circuit board 150 through soldering pads and metal wires.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 can realize electrical interconnection and signal transmission with other peripheral circuits or other components of the electronic device 10 through the circuit board 150.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 may receive the control signal of the processing unit of the electronic device 10 through the circuit board 150, and may also output the fingerprint detection signal from the fingerprint identification device 130 to the processing unit or the control unit of the terminal device 10 through the circuit board 150 Wait.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 130 may include only one optical fingerprint sensor. At this time, the fingerprint recognition area 103 of the fingerprint recognition device 130 has a small area and a fixed position. Therefore, the user needs to press the finger to The specific location of the fingerprint recognition area 103, otherwise the fingerprint recognition device 130 may not be able to collect the fingerprint image, resulting in poor user experience.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 may include multiple optical fingerprint sensors. The multiple optical fingerprint sensors may be arranged side by side under the display screen 120 in a splicing manner, and the sensing areas of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors collectively constitute the fingerprint recognition area 103 of the fingerprint recognition device 130.
  • the fingerprint recognition area 103 of the fingerprint recognition device 130 can be extended to the main area of the lower half of the display screen, that is, to the area where the finger is habitually pressed, so as to realize the blind fingerprint input operation. Further, when the number of optical fingerprint sensors is sufficient, the fingerprint recognition area 103 can also be extended to half of the display area or even the entire display area, thereby realizing half-screen or full-screen fingerprint detection.
  • the fingerprint identification device 130 in the electronic device 10 includes a plurality of optical fingerprint sensors, and the plurality of optical fingerprint sensors may be arranged side by side on the display by means such as splicing. Below the screen 120 and the sensing areas of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors collectively constitute the fingerprint recognition area 103 of the fingerprint recognition device 130.
  • the optical component 132 may include multiple light guide layers, and each light guide layer corresponds to an optical fingerprint sensor, and is attached to the optical fingerprint sensor. It corresponds to the top of the optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the plurality of optical fingerprint sensors may also share an integral light guide layer, that is, the light guide layer has an area large enough to cover the sensing array of the plurality of optical fingerprint sensors.
  • the optical component 132 may also include other optical elements, such as a filter or other optical films, which may be arranged between the light guide layer and the optical fingerprint sensor, or may be arranged on the optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the display screen 120 and the light guide layer are mainly used to isolate the influence of external interference light on the optical fingerprint detection.
  • the filter can be used to filter the ambient light that penetrates the finger and enters the optical fingerprint sensor through the display screen 120.
  • the optical filter may be separately provided for each optical fingerprint sensor to filter out interference light, or a large-area optical filter may be used to simultaneously cover the multiple optical fingerprint sensors.
  • the light guide layer may also be replaced by an optical lens (Lens), and a small hole formed by a light-shielding material above the optical lens can cooperate with the optical lens to converge fingerprint detection light to an optical fingerprint sensor below to realize fingerprint imaging.
  • each optical fingerprint sensor may be separately configured with an optical lens to perform fingerprint imaging, or the multiple optical fingerprint sensors may also use the same optical lens to achieve light convergence and fingerprint imaging.
  • each optical fingerprint sensor may even have two sensing arrays (Dual Array) or multiple sensing arrays (Multi-Array), and two or more optical lenses are configured to cooperate with the two at the same time. Or multiple sensing arrays perform optical imaging, thereby reducing the imaging distance and enhancing the imaging effect.
  • Different fingerprint recognition environments correspond to different collection parameters, where the collection parameters are parameters used by the fingerprint recognition device to collect fingerprint light signals, and the collection parameters may be but not limited to exposure time. For example, the exposure time for collecting fingerprint light signals in a strong light environment is shorter, and the exposure time for collecting fingerprint light signals in a dark light environment is longer. If the fingerprint recognition device cannot accurately identify the current fingerprint recognition environment when collecting the fingerprint light signal, for example, the strong light environment is misjudged as a normal environment, so the fingerprint recognition device may use the same collection parameters when collecting the fingerprint light signal. The recognition environment does not correspond, and the fingerprint image appears mosaic, which will increase the rejection rate (False Rejection Rate, FRR) and the false acceptance rate (False Acceptance Rate, FAR), which greatly reduces the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • FRR rejection Rate
  • FAR False Acceptance Rate
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes a fingerprint recognition device that can recognize a fingerprint recognition environment, and then collect fingerprint light signals based on the fingerprint recognition environment, so that the accuracy of fingerprint recognition can be improved.
  • the fingerprint identification device in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as an optical fingerprint identification module, an optical fingerprint device, a fingerprint identification module, a fingerprint module, a fingerprint acquisition device, etc., and the above terms can be replaced with each other.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint identification device 300 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 is arranged under the display screen 120 for under-screen fingerprint identification.
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 may include a pixel array 310 and a color filter layer (Colour Filer, CF) 350.
  • Cold Filer CF
  • the pixel array 310 is used to collect the fingerprint light signal 301 returned by the reflection or scattering of the finger above the display screen, and the fingerprint light signal 301 is used for fingerprint identification.
  • the color filter layer 350 includes at least one filter unit 320, and the at least one filter unit 320 is respectively disposed above at least one first-type pixel 311 of the pixel array 310, and at least one first-type pixel 311 is used for sensing at least A first optical signal 302 of a filter unit 320.
  • the intensity of the first optical signal 302 is used to determine the fingerprint recognition environment to obtain the target collection parameters of the fingerprint optical signal 301.
  • the target collection parameters are the collection parameters of the fingerprint recognition device 300 .
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 may correspond to the aforementioned fingerprint identification device 130, and other details of the fingerprint identification device 300 can refer to the aforementioned description of the fingerprint identification device 130.
  • the fingerprint identification device includes a filter unit disposed above the pixel, and the filter unit can transmit light signals of different colors, so that the pixel can sense light signals of different colors based on the different colors sensed.
  • the fingerprint recognition environment is determined by the optical signal, so that the collection parameters of the fingerprint light signal corresponding to the fingerprint recognition environment can be determined, and the accuracy of fingerprint recognition based on the collection parameters is relatively high.
  • At least one filter unit 320 may correspond to at least one first-type pixel 311 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the at least one filter unit 320 may include a red filter unit and/or a blue filter unit. Among them, the red filter unit is used to transmit red light signals, and the blue filter unit is used to transmit blue signals.
  • the first optical signal 302 includes a red light signal; when at least one filter unit 320 includes a blue filter unit, the first optical signal 302 includes a blue light signal; when at least When one filter unit 320 includes a red filter unit and a blue filter unit, the first optical signal 302 includes a red light signal and a blue light signal.
  • the at least one filter unit 320 may also include other filter units, such as a green filter unit, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • At least one filter unit 320 may be distributed on the color filter layer 350 in a certain manner. As an example, at least one filter unit 320 may be non-uniformly arranged 350 on the color filter layer. As shown in FIG. 4, the at least one filter unit 320 includes a red filter unit and a blue filter unit, and the red filter unit and the blue filter unit are non-uniformly distributed on the color filter layer 350.
  • At least one filter unit 320 may be uniformly arranged on the color filter layer 350. As shown in FIG. 5, at least one filter unit 320 includes a red filter unit, and the red filter units are arranged at intervals on the color filter layer 350.
  • the distribution of the at least one filter unit 320 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 makes the accuracy of the determined fingerprint recognition environment higher, which can further improve the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • At least one filter unit 320 may be distributed in the edge area of the color filter layer 350.
  • at least one filter unit 320 includes a red filter unit.
  • the edge regions of the color filter layer 350 in FIG. 6 are all distributed with red filter units, and the red filter units in FIG. 7 are discrete.
  • the ground is distributed in the edge area of the color filter layer 350.
  • at least one filter unit 320 may be arranged at intervals in the edge area of the color filter layer 350.
  • the edge area of the color filter layer 350 may be an area of at least one circle of color filter units on the outermost side of the color filter layer 350.
  • the edge area of the color filter layer 350 may be the outermost circle area of the color filter layer 350, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the edge area of the color filter layer 350 may be the outermost 2 circle area of the color filter layer 350.
  • the distribution of the at least one filter unit 320 shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 makes the consumption of the filter unit less and can increase the cost of the fingerprint identification device.
  • FIGS. 4-7 are only exemplary distribution diagrams of the at least one filter unit 320 in the embodiment of the present application, and the at least one filter unit 320 may also be distributed on the color filter layer 350 in other ways.
  • at least one filter unit 320 may be distributed on the color filter layer 350 in the manner shown in FIG. 8.
  • the color filter layer 350 may be located at any position in the light path from the lower surface of the display screen 120 to the upper surface of the pixel array 310.
  • the first optical signal 302 may be an optical signal that passes through all filter units in at least one filter unit 320.
  • the first optical signal 302 may be an optical signal that passes through a part of the at least one filter unit 320.
  • the partial filter units may be discrete N filter units in at least one filter unit 320, or may be filter units in a designated area of at least one filter unit 320.
  • the first optical signal 302 may include the fingerprint optical signal 301 or may not include the fingerprint optical signal 301, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 may further include a processor 330, and the processor 330 may be configured to determine the fingerprint identification environment based on the intensity of the first optical signal 302, and then based on Determine the fingerprint recognition environment and determine the target collection parameters.
  • the processor 330 may be a processor in the fingerprint identification device 300, or may also be a processor in an electronic device where the fingerprint identification device 300 is located, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 330 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (FPGA) Or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the processor 330 determines the fingerprint recognition environment based on the intensity of the first optical signal 302 will be described in detail below.
  • the first light signal 302 includes a red light signal. If the intensity of the red light signal is greater than the preset intensity of the red light signal, the processor 330 may determine that the fingerprint recognition environment is an intensity environment; if the intensity of the red light signal is less than or equal to the preset intensity of the red light signal, the processor 330 may determine the fingerprint Identify the environment as a normal environment.
  • the first optical signal 302 includes a blue light signal. If the intensity of the blue light signal is greater than the preset blue light signal intensity, the processor 330 may determine that the fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment.
  • the specific environment may refer to an environment with a relatively large amount of blue light components.
  • the blue light component in the specific environment may be more than twice the blue light component in the normal environment, such as an environment irradiated by an ultraviolet lamp.
  • the light intensity in a strong light environment may be greater than 10000 lux (lux), for example, the light intensity may be 15000 lux or 20000 lux.
  • the normal environment may be an indoor environment where the light source is a light emitting diode (LED) light source, such as a laboratory, a factory, etc.
  • the light intensity in a normal environment may be less than or equal to 10000 lux.
  • the processor 330 may first convert the red signal The intensity of is compared with the preset red light signal intensity. If the intensity of the red light signal is greater than the preset red light signal intensity, the processor 330 may determine that the fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment. If the intensity of the red light signal is less than the preset red light signal intensity, the processor 330 may compare the intensity of the blue light signal with the preset blue signal intensity, and if the intensity of the blue light signal is greater than the preset blue signal intensity, the processor 330 may Make sure that the fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment. If the intensity of the blue light signal is less than the preset blue light signal intensity, the processor 330 may determine that the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment.
  • the processor 330 may first compare the intensity of the blue light signal with the preset blue signal intensity, and if the intensity of the blue signal is greater than the preset blue signal intensity, the processor 330 may determine that the fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment. If the intensity of the blue light signal is less than the preset blue signal intensity, the processor 330 may compare the intensity of the red light signal with the preset red light signal intensity, and if the intensity of the red light signal is greater than the preset red light signal intensity, the processor 330 may determine The fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment. If the intensity of the red light signal is less than the preset red light signal intensity, the processor 330 may determine that the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment.
  • the processor 330 may compare the intensity of the blue light signal with the preset blue signal intensity while comparing the intensity of the red light signal with the preset red light signal intensity.
  • the preset light signal intensity mentioned in the above content may be the light signal intensity in a normal environment.
  • the processor 330 may determine the target collection parameters based on the fingerprint recognition environment.
  • the acquisition parameters may include exposure time.
  • the acquisition parameters may include exposure time and gain parameters.
  • the processor 330 may determine the target collection parameter according to the determined fingerprint recognition environment (for the convenience of description, referred to herein as the target environment) and the corresponding relationship between the fingerprint recognition environment and the collection parameters.
  • the exposure time corresponding to the strong light environment is 0.2ms
  • the exposure time corresponding to the specific environment is 1ms
  • the exposure time corresponding to the normal environment is 0.5ms.
  • the processor 330 may determine that the target acquisition parameter is 0.2 ms.
  • the processor 330 may determine the adjustment amount of the preset collection parameter according to the amount of change of the ambient light in the fingerprint recognition environment relative to the preset ambient light, so as to obtain the target collection parameter. In other words, the processor 330 may determine the target collection parameter based on the amount of change in the ambient light.
  • the preset ambient light may be ambient light in a normal environment
  • the preset collection parameter may be a collection parameter used by the pixel array 310 to collect the fingerprint light signal 301 in a normal environment, that is, under preset ambient light.
  • the red light signal intensity under the preset ambient light is the preset red light signal intensity mentioned above
  • the blue light signal intensity under the preset ambient light is the preset blue signal intensity mentioned above.
  • the target exposure time can be the difference between the preset exposure time and the adjustment amount, that is, the processor 330 can reduce the exposure time; when the fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment , The target exposure time can be the sum of the preset exposure time and the adjustment amount, that is, the processor 330 can increase the exposure time; if the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment, the adjustment amount is zero, and the processor 330 may not adjust the preset acquisition parameters Adjust, that is, the target acquisition parameter is the preset acquisition parameter.
  • the target product can be the difference between the preset product and the adjustment amount, where the target product is the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter, which is preset The product is the product of the preset exposure time and the preset gain parameter.
  • the processor 330 may increase the preset exposure time and decrease the preset gain parameter; or, the processor 330 may not adjust the preset exposure time and decrease the preset gain parameter; or, the processor 330 may Reduce the preset exposure time and preset gain parameters.
  • the adjustment amount is zero, and the processor 330 may not adjust the product of the preset exposure time and the preset gain parameter, that is, the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter is the preset exposure time and the preset gain parameter. Set the product of the gain parameter.
  • the target product can be the sum of the preset product and the adjustment amount.
  • the processor 330 may increase the preset exposure time and the preset gain parameter; or, the processor 330 may not adjust the preset exposure time and increase the preset gain parameter; or, the processor 330 may decrease Preset the exposure time and increase the preset gain parameter.
  • the pixel array 310 can collect the fingerprint optical signal 301 by using the target collection parameter, and obtain a fingerprint image based on the fingerprint optical signal 301 to perform fingerprint identification.
  • the pixel array 310 may collect the first light signal 302 and the fingerprint light signal 301 at the same time. After the processor 330 determines the fingerprint recognition environment based on the first light signal 302, the pixel array 310 may use the fingerprint algorithm corresponding to the fingerprint recognition environment to analyze the fingerprint. The optical signal 310 is processed to obtain a more accurate fingerprint image.
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 may further include: an optical component 340, which is arranged between the display screen 120 and the pixel array 310, and is used to remove the fingerprint when the finger presses the fingerprint identification area of the display screen 120.
  • the optical signal 301 is guided or converged to the pixel array 310.
  • the optical component 340 may correspond to the optical component 132 in FIG. 1.
  • the optical assembly 340 may include at least one light blocking layer 342 and a micro lens array 341.
  • the at least one light-blocking layer 342 is provided with a plurality of light-passing holes; the microlens array 341 is disposed above the at least one light-blocking layer 342, and is used to reflect, scatter or transmit fingerprints by the finger when the finger is pressed on the display screen 120
  • the optical signal 301 converges to a plurality of light-passing holes of at least one light-blocking layer 342, and the fingerprint optical signal 301 is transmitted to the pixel array 310 through the plurality of light-passing holes of the at least one light-blocking layer 342.
  • the color filter layer 350 may be disposed in the light path between the display screen 120 and the optical component 340, or the color filter layer 350 may be disposed in the light path between the micro lens array 341 and the pixel array 310, specifically, The color filter layer 350 may be disposed between the at least one light blocking layer 342 and the micro lens array 341.
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 of the embodiment of the present application can also be used for real and fake finger identification, fingerprint identification area determination, and the like.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic flowchart of a fingerprint identification method 400 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 400 can be applied to a fingerprint identification device arranged under the display screen of an electronic device.
  • the fingerprint identification device can include a pixel array and a color filter layer.
  • the color filter layer includes at least one filter unit, and at least one filter unit is respectively provided Above at least one pixel of the first type in the pixel array.
  • the fingerprint identification method 400 may include the following steps:
  • a first light signal sensed by a pixel of the first type that passes through at least one filter unit is collected.
  • the fingerprint recognition environment is determined according to the intensity of the first optical signal.
  • the target collection parameters are determined when the fingerprint light signal returned by the reflection or scattering of the finger above the display screen is collected, and the fingerprint light signal is used for fingerprint recognition.
  • the at least one filter unit includes at least one red filter unit, the red filter unit is configured to transmit a red light signal, and the first light signal includes a red light signal.
  • determining the fingerprint recognition environment according to the intensity of the first light signal includes: when the intensity of the red light signal is greater than the preset red light signal intensity, determining that the fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment; When the signal strength is less than or equal to the preset red light signal strength, it is determined that the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment.
  • the at least one light filter unit further includes at least one blue light filter unit, the blue light filter unit is configured to transmit a blue light signal, and the first light signal further includes a blue light signal.
  • determining the fingerprint recognition environment according to the intensity of the first light signal includes: when the intensity of the red light signal is less than or equal to the preset red light signal intensity, and the intensity of the blue light signal is greater than the preset blue light signal In case of intensity, it is determined that the fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment.
  • determining the target collection parameters for collecting the fingerprint light signal returned by the reflection or scattering of the finger above the display screen includes: Set the amount of change in the ambient light to determine the adjustment amount of the preset collection parameters, where the collection parameters when collecting fingerprint light signals under the preset ambient light are the preset collection parameters; the target is determined according to the preset collection parameters and adjustments Acquisition parameters.
  • the target acquisition parameters include target exposure time and target gain parameters
  • the preset acquisition parameters include exposure time and preset gain parameters
  • the fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment
  • the target product is the preset product
  • the adjustment amount where the target product is the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter
  • the preset product is the product of the preset exposure time and the preset gain parameter
  • the fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment
  • the adjustment amount is Zero
  • the target product is the preset product
  • the target product is the sum of the preset product and the adjustment amount.
  • the preset exposure time is increased to the target exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is decreased to the target gain parameter; or the target exposure time is preset Exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is reduced to the target gain parameter; or the preset exposure time is reduced to the target exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is reduced to the target gain parameter.
  • the target exposure time is a preset exposure time
  • the target gain parameter is a preset gain parameter
  • the preset exposure time is increased to the target exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is increased to the target gain parameter; or the target exposure time is the preset exposure Time, and the preset gain parameter is increased to the target gain parameter; or the preset exposure time is decreased to the target exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is increased to the target gain parameter.
  • the blue light component in the specific environment is greater than twice the blue light component in the normal environment.
  • the method 400 shown in FIG. 10 may be executed by the fingerprint identification device 300 in the foregoing embodiment, and the pixel array, the color filter layer, the at least one filter unit, and the first type of pixels in the method 400 may be fingerprint identification.
  • the steps or operations in FIG. 10 are only examples, and the embodiment of the present application may also perform other operations or variations of various operations in FIG. 10.
  • At least one filter unit in FIG. 11 includes a red filter unit, the first light signal includes a red light signal, and the collection parameters include exposure time and gain parameters.
  • S510 Collect the first optical signal.
  • S520 Determine whether the intensity of the red light signal in the first light signal is greater than the preset red light signal intensity. If the intensity of the red light signal is greater than the preset red light signal intensity, execute S530; if the intensity of the red light signal is less than the preset red light signal strength, execute S540.
  • S530 Determine that the current fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment, increase the preset exposure time to the target exposure time, and decrease the preset gain parameter to the target gain parameter, so that the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter is less than the preset exposure The product of time and preset gain parameters. After that, S550 is executed.
  • the preset exposure time may not be adjusted, that is, the target exposure time is the preset exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is adjusted to the target gain parameter.
  • S540 It is determined that the current fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment, and the preset exposure time and preset gain parameters are not adjusted, that is, the preset exposure time is the target exposure time, the preset gain parameter is the target gain parameter, and the preset exposure time and preset gain parameters are not adjusted.
  • the product of the gain parameter is equal to the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter.
  • S550 Collect fingerprint light signals based on the target exposure time and target gain parameters, and process the fingerprint light signals to obtain a fingerprint image.
  • S560 Perform fingerprint recognition based on the fingerprint image.
  • At least one filter unit in FIG. 12 includes a red filter unit and a blue filter unit, the first light signal includes a red light signal and a blue light signal, and the acquisition parameters include exposure time and gain parameters.
  • S610 Collect a first optical signal.
  • S620 Determine whether the intensity of the red light signal in the first light signal is greater than the preset red light signal intensity. If the intensity of the red light signal is greater than the preset red light signal intensity, execute S630; if the intensity of the red light signal is less than the preset red light signal strength, execute S640.
  • S630 Determine that the current fingerprint recognition environment is a strong light environment, increase the preset exposure time to the target exposure time, and decrease the preset gain parameter to the target gain parameter, so that the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter is less than the preset exposure The product of time and preset gain parameters. After that, S670 is executed.
  • the preset exposure time may not be adjusted, that is, the target exposure time is the preset exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is adjusted to the target gain parameter.
  • S640 Determine whether the intensity of the blue light signal in the first light signal is greater than the preset blue light signal intensity. If the intensity of the blue signal is greater than the preset blue signal intensity, execute S650; if the intensity of the blue signal is less than or equal to the preset blue signal intensity, execute S660.
  • S650 Determine that the current fingerprint recognition environment is a specific environment, reduce the preset exposure time to the target exposure time, and increase the preset gain parameter to the target gain parameter, so that the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter is greater than the preset exposure time And the product of the preset gain parameter. After that, S670 is executed.
  • the preset exposure time may not be adjusted, that is, the target exposure time is the preset exposure time, and the preset gain parameter is adjusted to the target gain parameter.
  • S660 Determine that the current fingerprint recognition environment is a normal environment, and do not adjust the preset exposure time and preset gain parameters, that is, the preset exposure time is the target exposure time, the preset gain parameter is the target gain parameter, and the preset exposure time and preset gain parameters are set.
  • the product of the gain parameter is equal to the product of the target exposure time and the target gain parameter.
  • S680 Perform fingerprint recognition based on the fingerprint image.
  • FIG. 13 shows a comparison diagram of the rejection rate (False Rejection Rate, FRR) of fingerprint recognition in two ways.
  • the solid line in FIG. 13 is the FRR for fingerprint recognition based on the method 400, that is, the solid line in FIG. 13 is after the color filter layer is used to determine the fingerprint recognition environment, and some fingerprint light signals are adjusted based on the fingerprint recognition environment.
  • FRR obtained by fingerprint identification using the acquisition parameters at the time.
  • the dotted line in FIG. 13 is the FRR obtained by not using the color filter layer to determine the fingerprint recognition environment, but using fixed collection parameters to collect the fingerprint light signal for fingerprint recognition.
  • the abscissas in Figure 13 are different fingers. It can be seen that after eight fingerprint identifications with the two fingerprint identification devices, the maximum FRR shown by the solid line does not exceed 20%, the FRR shown by the dotted line is the lowest 20%, and the highest can reach about 75%. The FRR shown by the line is significantly lower than the FRR shown by the dashed line, which more effectively illustrates the high accuracy of the fingerprint identification method of the embodiment of the present application for fingerprint identification.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device 700 may include a display screen 710 and a fingerprint identification device 720.
  • the fingerprint identification device 720 may be the fingerprint identification device 300 in the foregoing embodiment, and is arranged under the display screen 710.
  • the display screen 710 has a self-luminous display unit, and the self-luminous display unit can be used as an excitation light source for the fingerprint recognition device 720 for fingerprint recognition.
  • the fingerprint identification device 720 can be used to execute the content in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 10.
  • the display screen 710 may be a non-folding display screen, or a foldable display screen, that is, a flexible display screen.
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application may be portable or mobile computing devices such as terminal devices, mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, desktop computers, game devices, in-vehicle electronic devices or wearable smart devices, and Electronic databases, automobiles, bank automated teller machines (Automated Teller Machine, ATM) and other electronic equipment.
  • the wearable smart device includes full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions that can be realized without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, etc., and only focus on a certain type of application function, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones. Use, such as various types of smart bracelets, smart jewelry and other equipment for physical sign monitoring.
  • the units can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software.
  • the composition and steps of each example have been described generally in terms of function. Whether these functions are executed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the disclosed system and device may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application is essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium. It includes several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种指纹识别的方法、装置和电子设备，可以有效提高指纹识别的准确率。所述指纹识别的方法应用于设置于电子设备的显示屏下方的指纹识别装置，所述指纹识别装置包括像素阵列和彩色滤光层，所述彩色滤光层包括至少一个滤光单元，所述至少一个滤光单元分别设置于所述像素阵列的至少一个第一类像素上方，所述方法包括：采集所述第一类像素感测到的透过所述至少一个滤光单元的第一光信号；根据所述第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境；基于所述指纹识别环境，确定采集经由所述显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号时的目标采集参数，所述指纹光信号用于指纹识别。

Description

指纹识别的方法、装置和电子设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及指纹识别技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种指纹识别的方法、装置和电子设备。
背景技术
随着终端行业的高速发展，生物识别技术越来越受到人们重视，对屏下生物特征识别技术，例如屏下指纹识别技术的应用越来越广泛。屏下指纹识别技术是通过指纹的脊与谷对光的反射能力的不同进行成像，从而进行指纹识别的。
通常，指纹识别的结果会受到外界环境的影响。因此，如何在外界环境变化的情况下提高指纹识别的准确率，是一项亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种指纹识别的方法、装置和电子设备，可以有效提高指纹识别的准确率。
第一方面，提供了一种指纹识别的方法，应用于设置于电子设备的显示屏下方的指纹识别装置，所述指纹识别装置包括像素阵列和彩色滤光层，所述彩色滤光层包括至少一个滤光单元，所述至少一个滤光单元分别设置于所述像素阵列的至少一个第一类像素上方，所述方法包括：采集所述第一类像素感测到的透过所述至少一个滤光单元的第一光信号；根据所述第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境；基于所述指纹识别环境，确定采集经由所述显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号时的目标采集参数，所述指纹光信号用于指纹识别。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元包括至少一个红色滤光单元，所述红色滤光单元用于透过红光信号，所述第一光信号包括所述红光信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境，包括：当所述红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为强光环境；当所述红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信 号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为正常环境。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元还包括至少一个蓝色滤光单元，所述蓝色滤光单元用于透过蓝光信号，所述第一光信号还包括所述蓝光信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境，包括：当所述红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度，且所述蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为特定环境。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述基于所述指纹识别环境，确定采集经由所述显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号时的目标采集参数，包括：根据所述指纹识别环境的环境光相对于预设环境光的变化量，确定预设采集参数的调整量，其中，在所述预设环境光下，采集所述指纹光信号时的采集参数为所述预设采集参数；根据所述预设采集参数和所述调整量，确定所述目标采集参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述目标采集参数包括目标曝光时间和目标增益参数，所述预设采集参数包括预设曝光时间和预设增益参数；若所述指纹识别环境为强光环境，目标乘积为预设乘积与所述调整量之差，其中，所述目标乘积为所述目标曝光时间和所述目标增益参数的乘积，所述预设乘积为所述预设曝光时间和所述预设增益参数的乘积；若所述指纹识别环境为正常环境，所述调整量为零，所述目标乘积为所述预设乘积；若所述指纹识别环境为特定环境，所述目标乘积为所述预设乘积与所述调整量之和。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述指纹识别环境为所述强光环境时，所述预设曝光时间增大至所述目标曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数减小至所述目标增益参数；或所述目标曝光时间为所述预设曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数减小至所述目标增益参数；或所述预设曝光时间减小至所述目标曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数减小至所述目标增益参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述指纹识别环境为所述正常环境时，所述目标曝光时间为所述预设曝光时间，且所述目标增益参数为所述预设增益参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述指纹识别环境为所述特定环境时，所述预设曝光时间增大至所述目标曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数增大至所述 目标增益参数；或所述目标曝光时间为所述预设曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数增大至所述目标增益参数；或所述预设曝光时间减小至所述目标曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数增大至所述目标增益参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述特定环境中的蓝光分量大于正常环境中蓝光分量的2倍。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元均匀或非均匀地分布于所述彩色滤光层上。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述至少一个滤光单元均匀分布于所述彩色滤光层上时，所述至少一个滤光单元在所述彩色滤光层上间隔排列。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元分布于所述彩色滤光层的边缘区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元离散地分布于所述彩色滤光层的边缘区域。
第二方面，提供了一种指纹识别装置，设置于电子设备的显示屏下方，以用于屏下指纹识别，所述指纹识别装置包括：像素阵列，用于采集经由所述显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号，所述指纹光信号用于指纹识别；彩色滤光层，包括至少一个滤光单元，所述至少一个滤光单元分别设置于所述像素阵列的至少一个第一类像素上方；所述至少一个第一类像素用于感测透过所述至少一个滤光单元的第一光信号，所述第一光信号的强度用于确定指纹识别环境，以得到采集所述指纹光信号时的目标采集参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述指纹识别装置还包括处理器，所述处理器用于：基于所述第一光信号的强度确定所述指纹识别环境；基于所述指纹识别环境，确定所述目标采集参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备的处理器用于：基于所述第一光信号的强度，确定所述指纹识别环境；基于所述指纹识别环境，确定所述目标采集参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元包括至少一个红色滤光单元，所述红色滤光单元用于透过红光信号，所述第一光信号包括所述红光信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器具体用于：当所述红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为强光环境；当所述红 光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为正常环境。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元还包括至少一个蓝色滤光单元，所述蓝色滤光单元用于透过蓝光信号，所述第一光信号还包括所述蓝光信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器具体用于：当所述红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度，且所述蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为特定环境。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器具体用于：根据所述指纹识别环境的环境光相对于预设环境光的变化量，确定调整预设采集参数的调整量，其中，在所述预设环境光下，采集所述指纹光信号时的采集参数为所述预设采集参数；根据所述预设采集参数和所述调整量，确定所述目标采集参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述目标采集参数包括目标曝光时间和目标增益参数，所述预设采集参数包括预设曝光时间和预设增益参数；若所述指纹识别环境为强光环境，目标乘积为预设乘积与所述调整量之差，其中，所述目标乘积为所述目标曝光时间和所述目标增益参数的乘积，所述预设乘积为所述预设曝光时间和所述预设增益参数的乘积；若所述指纹识别环境为正常环境，所述调整量为零，所述目标乘积为所述预设乘积；若所述指纹环境为特定环境，所述乘积为所述预设乘积与所述调整量之和。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述指纹识别环境为所述强光环境时，所述处理器具体用于：调大所述预设曝光时间至所述目标曝光时间，且调小所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数；或不调整所述预设曝光时间，且调小所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数；或调小所述预设曝光时间至所述目标曝光时间，且调小所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述指纹识别环境为所述正常环境时，所述处理器不对所述预设曝光时间和所述预设增益参数进行调整。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述指纹识别环境为所述特定环境时，所述处理器具体用于：调大所述预设曝光时间至所述目标曝光时间，且调大所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数；或不调整所述预设曝光时间，且调大所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数；或调小所述预设曝光时间至所述目标曝光时间，且调大所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述特定环境中的蓝光分量大于正常环境中蓝光分量的2倍。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元均匀或非均匀分布于所述彩色滤光层上。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述至少一个滤光单元均匀分布于所述彩色滤光层上时，所述至少一个滤光单元在所述彩色滤光层上间隔排列。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元分布于所述彩色滤光层的边缘区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个滤光单元离散地分布于所述彩色滤光层的边缘区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述指纹识别装置还包括：至少一个阻光层和微透镜阵列，所述至少一个阻光层位于所述微镜头阵列下方，设置有多个通光小孔，所述像素阵列用于接收经由所述微镜头阵列汇聚到所述多个通光小孔的并通过所述多个通光小孔的光信号；其中，所述彩色滤光层设置在所述至少一个阻光层和所述微透镜阵列之间。
第三方面，提供一种电子设备，包括：显示屏和第二方面及其任一种可能的实现方式中的指纹识别装置。
上述技术方案，指纹识别装置包括设置在像素上方的滤光单元，滤光单元可以透过不同颜色的光信号，使得该像素可以感测到不同颜色的光信号，以基于感测的不同颜色的光信号确定出指纹识别环境，从而可以确定与指纹识别环境对应的采集指纹光信号的采集参数，基于该采集参数所进行的指纹识别的准确率较高。
附图说明
图1A和图1B是本申请实施例可以适用的电子设备的示意图。
图2A和图2B分别是图1A和图1B所示的电子设备沿A-A’方向的剖面示意图。
图3是本申请实施例的指纹识别装置的示意性结构图。
图4-图8是本申请实施例的滤光单元的分布方式的示意性图。
图9是本申请实施例的另一种指纹识别装置的示意性结构图。
图10是本申请实施例的指纹识别的方法的示意性图。
图11和12是本申请实施例的指纹识别的方法的两种具体实现的示意性流程图。
图13是利用两种指纹识别方法得到的对比图。
图14是本申请实施例的电子设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
应理解，本申请实施例可以应用于指纹系统，包括但不限于光学、超声波或其他指纹检测系统和基于光学、超声波或其他指纹成像的医疗诊断产品，本申请实施例仅以光学指纹系统为例进行说明，但不应对本申请实施例构成任何限定，本申请实施例同样适用于其他采用光学、超声波或其他成像技术的系统等。
作为一种常见的应用场景，本申请实施例提供的光学指纹系统可以应用在智能手机、平板电脑以及其他具有显示屏的移动终端或者其他电子设备；更具体地，在上述电子设备中，光学指纹模组可以设置在显示屏下方的局部区域或者全部区域，从而形成屏下(Under-display或Under-screen)光学指纹系统。或者，所述光学指纹模组也可以部分或者全部集成至所述电子设备的显示屏内部，从而形成屏内(In-display或In-screen)光学指纹系统。
屏下光学指纹检测技术使用从设备显示组件的顶面返回的光线来进行指纹感应和其他感应操作。所述返回的光线携带与该顶面接触的物体，例如手指的信息，通过采集和检测该手指返回的光，实现位于显示屏下方的特定光学传感器模块的光学指纹检测。光学传感器模块的设计可以为通过恰当地配置用于采集和检测返回的光的光学元件来实现期望的光学成像。
图1A和图2A示出了本申请实施例可以适用的电子设备的示意图。其中，图1A和图2A为电子设备10的定向示意图，图1B和图2B分别为图1A和图2A所示的电子设备10沿A-A’方向的部分剖面示意图。
所述电子设备10包括显示屏120和指纹识别装置130。其中，指纹识别装置130设置在所述显示屏120下方的局部区域。指纹识别装置130包括光学指纹传感器，所述光学指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元131(也称为像素、感光像素、像素单元等)的感应阵列133。所述感应阵列133所在区域或者其感应区域为指纹识别装置130的指纹识别区域103。如图1A所 示，所述指纹识别区域103位于所述显示屏120的显示区域之中。在一种替代的实现方式中，指纹识别装置130设置在其他位置，比如设置在所述显示屏120的侧面或者所述电子设备10的边缘非透光区域，并通过光路设计来将来自所述显示屏120的至少部分显示区域的光信号导引到指纹识别装置130，从而使得指纹识别区域103实际上位于所述显示屏120的显示区域。
应理解，指纹识别区域103的面积可以与指纹识别装置130的感应阵列133的面积不同，例如通过透镜成像的光路设计、反射式折叠光路设计或者其他光线会聚或者反射等光路设计，使得指纹识别装置130的指纹识别区域103的面积大于指纹识别装置130的感应阵列133的面积。在其他替代的实现方式中，如果采用例如光线准直的方式进行光路引导，指纹识别装置130的指纹识别区域103也可以设计成与指纹识别装置130的感应阵列133的面积基本一致。
因此，用户在需要对所述电子设备10进行解锁或者其他指纹验证的时候，只需要将手指按压在位于所述显示屏120的指纹识别区域103，便可以实现指纹输入。由于指纹检测可以在屏内实现，因此采用上述结构的电子设备10无需其正面专门预留空间来设置指纹按键(比如Home键)，从而可以采用全面屏方案，即所述显示屏120的显示区域可以基本扩展到整个电子设备10的正面。
作为一种可选的实现方式，如图1B所示，指纹识别装置130包括光检测部分134和光学组件132。所述光检测部分134包括所述感应阵列133以及与所述感应阵列133电性连接的读取电路及其他辅助电路，其可以通过半导体工艺制作在一个芯片(Die)上，形成光学指纹传感器(也称为光学指纹芯片、传感器、传感器芯片、芯片等)。所述感应阵列133具体为光探测器(Photodetector)阵列，其包括多个呈阵列式分布的光探测器，所述光探测器可以作为如上所述的光学感应单元。所述光学组件132可以设置在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列133的上方，其具体可以包括滤光层(Filter)、导光层或光路引导结构、以及其他光学元件，所述滤光层可以用于滤除穿透手指的环境光，而所述导光层主要用于从手指表面反射回来的反射光导引至所述感应阵列133进行指纹检测。
在具体实现上，所述光学组件132可以与所述光检测部分134封装在同一个光学指纹部件。例如，所述光学组件132可以与所述光学检测部分134 封装在同一个光学指纹芯片，也可以将所述光学组件132设置在所述光检测部分134所在的芯片外部，比如将所述光学组件132贴合在所述芯片上方，或者将所述光学组件132的部分元件集成在上述芯片之中。
其中，所述光学组件132的导光层有多种实现方案。例如，所述导光层可以具体为在半导体硅片制作而成的准直器(Collimator)层，其具有多个准直单元或者微孔阵列，所述准直单元可以具体为小孔，从手指反射回来的反射光中，垂直入射到所述准直单元的光线可以穿过并被其下方的光学感应单元接收，而入射角度过大的光线在所述准直单元内部经过多次反射被衰减掉，因此每一个光学感应单元基本只能接收到其正上方的指纹纹路反射回来的反射光，从而所述感应阵列133便可以检测出手指的指纹图像。
在另一种实现方式中，所述导光层也可以为光学透镜(Lens)层，其具有一个或多个透镜单元，例如由一个或多个非球面透镜组成的透镜组，其用于将从手指反射回来的反射光会聚到其下方的光检测部分134的感应阵列133，使得所述感应阵列133可以基于所述反射光进行成像，从而得到所述手指的指纹图像。可选地，所述光学透镜层在所述透镜单元的光路中还可以形成有针孔，所述针孔可以配合所述光学透镜层扩大指纹识别装置130的视场，以提高指纹识别装置130的指纹成像效果。
在其他实现方式中，所述导光层也可以具体采用微透镜(Micro-Lens)层，所述微透镜层具有由多个微透镜形成的微透镜阵列，其可以通过半导体生长工艺或者其他工艺形成在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列133上方，并且每一个微透镜可以分别对应于所述感应阵列133的其中一个感应单元。所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以形成其他光学膜层，比如介质层或者钝化层。进一步地，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以包括具有微孔的挡光层(也称为遮光层、阻光层等)，其中所述微孔形成在其对应的微透镜和感应单元之间，所述挡光层可以阻挡相邻微透镜和感应单元之间的光学干扰，并使得所述感应单元所对应的光线通过所述微透镜会聚到所述微孔内部，并经由所述微孔传输到所述感应单元以进行光学指纹成像。
应理解，上述导光层的几种实现方案可以单独使用也可以结合使用。例如，可以在所述准直器层或者所述光学透镜层的上方或下方进一步设置微透镜层。当然，在所述准直器层或者所述光学透镜层与所述微透镜层结合使用时，其具体叠层结构或者光路可能需要按照实际需要进行调整。
作为一种可选的实现方式，所述显示屏120可以采用具有自发光显示单元的显示屏，比如有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)显示屏或者微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)显示屏。以采用OLED显示屏为例，指纹识别装置130可以利用所述OLED显示屏120位于所述指纹识别区域103的显示单元(即OLED光源)作为光学指纹检测的激励光源。当手指140按压在所述指纹识别区域103时，所述显示屏120向所述指纹识别区域103上方的手指140发出一束光111，光111在手指140的表面发生反射形成反射光或者经过所述手指140内部散射而形成散射光。在相关专利申请中，为便于描述，也将上述反射光和散射光统称为反射光。由于指纹的脊(ridge)141与谷(valley)142对于光的反射能力不同，因此，来自指纹脊的反射光151和来自指纹谷的反射光152具有不同的光强，反射光经过光学组件132后，被指纹识别装置130中的感应阵列133接收并转换为相应的电信号，即指纹检测信号。基于所述指纹检测信号便可以获得指纹图像数据，并进一步进行指纹匹配验证，从而在所述电子设备10中实现光学指纹检测功能。
在其他实现方式中，指纹识别装置130也可以采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号。在这种情况下，指纹识别装置130可以适用于非自发光显示屏，比如液晶显示屏或者其他的被动发光显示屏。以应用在具有背光模组和液晶面板的液晶显示屏为例，为支持液晶显示屏的屏下指纹检测，所述电子设备10的光学指纹系统还可以包括用于光学指纹检测的激励光源，所述激励光源可以具体为红外光源或者特定波长非可见光的光源，其可以设置在所述液晶显示屏的背光模组下方或者设置在所述电子设备10的保护盖板下方的边缘区域，而指纹识别装置130可以设置液晶面板或者保护盖板的边缘区域下方并通过光路引导以使得指纹检测光可以到达指纹识别装置130；或者，指纹识别装置130也可以设置在所述背光模组下方，且所述背光模组通过对扩散片、增亮片、反射片等膜层进行开孔或者其他光学设计以允许指纹检测光穿过液晶面板和背光模组并到达指纹识别装置130。当采用指纹识别装置130采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号时，其检测原理与上面描述内容是一致的。
应理解，在具体实现上，所述电子设备10还可以包括透明保护盖板，所述盖板可以为玻璃盖板或者蓝宝石盖板，其位于所述显示屏120的上方并覆盖所述电子设备10的正面。因此，本申请实施例中，所谓的手指按压在 所述显示屏120实际上是指按压在所述显示屏120上方的盖板或者覆盖所述盖板的保护层表面。
所述电子设备10还可以包括电路板150，电路板150设置在指纹识别装置130的下方。指纹识别装置130可以通过背胶粘接在电路板150上，并通过焊盘及金属线焊接与电路板150实现电性连接。指纹识别装置130可以通过电路板150实现与其他外围电路或者电子设备10的其他元件的电性互连和信号传输。例如，指纹识别装置130可以通过电路板150接收电子设备10的处理单元的控制信号，并且还可以通过电路板150将来自指纹识别装置130的指纹检测信号输出给终端设备10的处理单元或者控制单元等。
在某些实现方式中，指纹识别装置130可以仅包括一个光学指纹传感器，此时指纹识别装置130的指纹识别区域103的面积较小且位置固定，因此用户在进行指纹输入时需要将手指按压到所述指纹识别区域103的特定位置，否则指纹识别装置130可能无法采集到指纹图像而造成用户体验不佳。在其他替代实施例中，指纹识别装置130可以包括多个光学指纹传感器。所述多个光学指纹传感器可以通过拼接的方式并排设置在所述显示屏120的下方，且所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应区域共同构成指纹识别装置130的指纹识别区域103。从而指纹识别装置130的指纹识别区域103可以扩展到所述显示屏的下半部分的主要区域，即扩展到手指惯常按压区域，从而实现盲按式指纹输入操作。进一步地，当所述光学指纹传感器数量足够时，所述指纹识别区域103还可以扩展到半个显示区域甚至整个显示区域，从而实现半屏或者全屏指纹检测。
例如图2A和图2B所示的电子设备10，所述电子设备10中的指纹识别装置130包括多个光学指纹传感器，所述多个光学指纹传感器可以通过例如拼接等方式并排设置在所述显示屏120的下方，且所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应区域共同构成指纹识别装置130的指纹识别区域103。
可选地，与指纹识别装置130的多个光学指纹传感器相对应，所述光学组件132中可以包括多个导光层，每个导光层分别对应一个光学指纹传感器，并分别贴合设置在其对应的光学指纹传感器的上方。或者，所述多个光学指纹传感器也可以共享一个整体的导光层，即所述导光层具有一个足够大的面积以覆盖所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应阵列。
另外，所述光学组件132还可以包括其他光学元件，比如滤光层(Filter) 或其他光学膜片，其可以设置在所述导光层和所述光学指纹传感器之间，或者设置在所述显示屏120与所述导光层之间，主要用于隔离外界干扰光对光学指纹检测的影响。其中，所述滤光片可以用于滤除穿透手指并经过所述显示屏120进入所述光学指纹传感器的环境光。与所述导光层相类似，所述滤光片可以针对每个光学指纹传感器分别设置以滤除干扰光，或者也可以采用一个大面积的滤光片同时覆盖所述多个光学指纹传感器。
所述导光层也可以采用光学镜头(Lens)来代替，所述光学镜头上方可以通过遮光材料形成小孔配合所述光学镜头将指纹检测光会聚到下方的光学指纹传感器以实现指纹成像。类似地，每一个光学指纹传感器可以分别配置一个光学镜头以进行指纹成像，或者，所述多个光学指纹传感器也可以利用同一个光学镜头来实现光线会聚和指纹成像。在其他替代实施例中，每一个光学指纹传感器甚至还可以具有两个感应阵列(Dual Array)或者多个感应阵列(Multi-Array)，且同时配置两个或多个光学镜头配合所述两个或多个感应阵列进行光学成像，从而减小成像距离并增强成像效果。
不同的指纹识别环境对应不同的采集参数，其中，采集参数为指纹识别装置采集指纹光信号时所使用的参数，采集参数可以是但不限于曝光时间。比如，强光环境下采集指纹光信号的曝光时间较短，暗光环境下采集指纹光信号的曝光时间较长。如果指纹识别装置在采集指纹光信号时不能准确地识别出当前的指纹识别环境，例如，将强光环境误判为正常环境，这样指纹识别装置采集指纹光信号时使用的采集参数可能会与指纹识别环境不对应，出现指纹图像呈现马赛克等样子的情况，从而会增大拒识率(False Rejection Rate，FRR)和误识率(False Acceptance Rate，FAR)，使得指纹识别的准确率大幅降低。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提出了一种指纹识别装置，可以识别出指纹识别环境，然后基于指纹识别环境采集指纹光信号，从而可以提高指纹识别的准确率。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的指纹识别装置也可以称为光学指纹识别模组、光学指纹装置、指纹识别模组、指纹模组、指纹采集装置等，上述术语可相互替换。
以下，结合图3至图9，详细介绍本申请实施例的指纹识别装置。
需要说明的是，为便于理解，在以下示出的实施例中，相同的结构采用 相同的附图标记，并且为了简洁，省略对相同结构的详细说明。
应理解，在以下所示出的本申请实施例中的像素和滤光单元的数量和排布方式等仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
图3是本申请实施例的指纹识别装置300的示意性结构图。该指纹识别装置300设置于显示屏120下方，以用于屏下指纹识别。如图3所示，该指纹识别装置300可以包括像素阵列310和彩色滤光层(Colour Filer，CF)350。
其中，像素阵列310用于采集经由显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号301，该指纹光信号301用于指纹识别。彩色滤光层350包括至少一个滤光单元320，该至少一个滤光单元320分别设置于像素阵列310的至少一个第一类像素311上方，至少一个第一类像素311用于感测透过至少一个滤光单元320的第一光信号302，该第一光信号302的强度用于确定指纹识别环境，以得到采集指纹光信号301的目标采集参数，目标采集参数为指纹识别装置300的采集参数。
应理解，该指纹识别装置300可以对应于前述的指纹识别装置130，指纹识别装置300的其他细节可以参考前述针对指纹识别装置130的描述。
本申请实施例，指纹识别装置包括设置在像素上方的滤光单元，滤光单元可以透过不同颜色的光信号，使得该像素可以感测到不同颜色的光信号，以基于感测的不同颜色的光信号确定出指纹识别环境，从而可以确定与指纹识别环境对应的采集指纹光信号的采集参数，基于该采集参数所进行的指纹识别的准确率较高。
可选地，至少一个滤光单元320可以与至少一个第一类像素311一一对应。
至少一个滤光单元320可以包括红色滤光单元和/或蓝色滤光单元。其中，红色滤光单元用于透过红光信号，蓝色滤光单元用于透过蓝光信号。当至少一个滤光单元320包括红色滤光单元时，第一光信号302包括红光信号；当至少一个滤光单元320包括蓝色滤光单元时，第一光信号302包括蓝光信号；当至少一个滤光单元320包括红色滤光单元和蓝色滤光单元时，第一光信号302包括红光信号和蓝光信号。
当然，至少一个滤光单元320也可以包括其他滤光单元，如绿色滤光单元等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系， 表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。
至少一个滤光单元320可以按照一定方式分布在彩色滤光层350上。作为一种示例，至少一个滤光单元320可以在彩色滤光层上350非均匀排布。如图4所示，至少一个滤光单元320包括红色滤光单元和蓝色滤光单元，红色滤光单元和蓝色滤光单元非均匀地分布在在彩色滤光层350上。
作为另一种示例，至少一个滤光单元320可以在彩色滤光层350上均匀排布。如图5所示，至少一个滤光单元320包括红色滤光单元，红色滤光单元在彩色滤光层350上间隔排列。
图4和图5所示的至少一个滤光单元320的分布方式使得确定的指纹识别环境的精度较高，进一步可以提高指纹识别的准确率。
作为另一种示例，至少一个滤光单元320可以分布于彩色滤光层350的边缘区域。如图6和图7所示，至少一个滤光单元320包括红色滤光单元，图6中的彩色滤光层350的边缘区域都分布着红色滤光单元，图7中的红色滤光单元离散地分布于彩色滤光层350的边缘区域。示例性地，至少一个滤光单元320可以在彩色滤光层350的边缘区域间隔排列。
本申请实施例对彩色滤光层350的边缘区域不作具体限定。例如，彩色滤光层350的边缘区域可以为彩色滤光层350最外侧的至少一圈彩色滤光单元的区域。举例说明，彩色滤光层350的边缘区域可以为彩色滤光层350最外侧的1圈区域，如图6和图7所示。或者，彩色滤光层350的边缘区域可以为彩色滤光层350最外侧的2圈的区域。
图6和图7所示的至少一个滤光单元320的分布方式使得滤光单元的消耗较少，可以提高指纹识别装置的成本。
应理解，图4-图7仅是本申请实施例中至少一个滤光单元320的示例性分布图，至少一个滤光单元320还可以以其他方式分布于彩色滤光层350上。例如，至少一个滤光单元320可以以图8所示的方式分布于彩色滤光层350上。
还应理解，至少一个滤光单元320中的两个滤光单元之间还可以存在一定的区域。
在本申请实施例中，彩色滤光层350可以位于显示屏120的下表面至像素阵列310的上表面的光路中的任意位置。
可选地，第一光信号302可以是透过至少一个滤光单元320中的全部滤光单元的光信号。
或者，第一光信号302可以是透过至少一个滤光单元320中的部分滤光单元的光信号。该部分滤光单元可以是至少一个滤光单元320中离散的N个滤光单元，也可以是至少一个滤光单元320中指定区域中的滤光单元。
可选地，第一光信号302可以包括指纹光信号301，也可以不包括指纹光信号301，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，如图9所示，指纹识别装置300还可以包括处理器330，该处理器330可以用于基于第一光信号302的强度确定指纹识别环境，然后基于确定的指纹识别环境，确定目标采集参数。
该处理器330可以为指纹识别装置300中的处理器，或者也可以为指纹识别装置300所在的电子设备中的处理器，本申请实施例对此不做限定。处理器330可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，该处理器还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
下面详细介绍处理器330基于第一光信号302的强度确定指纹识别环境的具体实现方式。
在一种实现方式中，若至少一个滤光单元320都是红色滤光单元，则第一光信号302包括红光信号。若红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为强度环境；若红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为正常环境。
在另一种实现方式中，若至少一个滤光单元320都为蓝色滤光单元，则第一光信号302包括蓝光信号。若蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为特定环境。
其中，特定环境可以指蓝光分量比较多的环境，例如，特定环境中的蓝光分量可以大于正常环境中蓝光分量的2倍，如紫外灯照射的环境。强光环境下的光强可以大于10000勒克斯(lux)，例如，光强可以为15000lux或20000lux。正常环境可以为在室内且光源为发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)光源的环境，如实验室、工厂等，正常环境下的光强可以小于或等于 10000lux。
在另一种实现方式中，若至少一个滤光单元320包括红色滤光单元和蓝色滤光单元，则第一光信号302包括红光信号和蓝光信号，处理器330可以先将红光信号的强度与预设红光信号强度进行比较，若红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为强光环境。若红光信号的强度小于预设红光信号强度，则处理器330可以将蓝光信号的强度与预设蓝光信号强度进行比较，若蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为特定环境。若蓝光信号的强度小于预设蓝光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为正常环境。
或者，处理器330可以先将蓝光信号的强度与预设蓝光信号强度进行比较，若蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为特定环境。若蓝光信号强度小于预设蓝光信号强度，处理器330可以将红光信号强度与预设红光信号强度进行比较，若红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为强光环境。若红光信号的强度小于预设红光信号强度，则处理器330可以确定指纹识别环境为正常环境。
再或者，处理器330可以在将红光信号的强度与预设红光信号强度进行比较的同时，将蓝光信号的强度与预设蓝光信号强度进行比较。
上述内容提到的预设光信号强度，如预设红光信号强度和预设蓝光信号强度，可以为正常环境下的光信号强度。
在确定了指纹识别环境后，处理器330可以基于指纹识别环境，确定目标采集参数。
可选地，采集参数可以包括曝光时间。
可选地，采集参数可以包括曝光时间和增益参数。
在一种可能的实施例中，处理器330可以根据确定的指纹识别环境(为了描述方便，此处称为目标环境)以及根据指纹识别环境与采集参数之间的对应关系，确定目标采集参数。
例如，在指纹识别环境与采集参数之间的对应关系中，强光环境对应的曝光时间为0.2ms，特定环境对应的曝光时间为曝光时间为1ms，正常环境对应的曝光时间为0.5ms。若目标环境为强光环境，则处理器330可以确定目标采集参数为0.2ms。
在另一种可能的实施例中，处理器330可以根据指纹识别环境的环境光相对于预设环境光的变化量，确定预设采集参数的调整量，从而可以得到目标采集参数。也就是说，处理器330可以通过环境光的变化量确定目标采集参数。
其中，预设环境光可以是正常环境下的环境光，预设采集参数可以是正常环境下，即在预设环境光下，像素阵列310采集指纹光信号301所使用的采集参数。预设环境光下的红光信号强度为前文提到的预设红光信号强度，预设环境光下的蓝光信号强度为前文提到的预设蓝光信号强度。
若采集参数为曝光时间，当指纹识别环境为强光环境时，目标曝光时间可以为预设曝光时间与调整量之差，即处理器330可以调小曝光时间；当指纹识别环境为特定环境时，目标曝光时间可以为预设曝光时间与调整量之和，即处理器330可以调大曝光时间；若指纹识别环境为正常环境，则调整量为零，处理器330可以不对预设采集参数做调整，即目标采集参数为预设采集参数。
若采集参数包括曝光时间和增益参数，当指纹识别环境为强光环境时，目标乘积可以为预设乘积与调整量之差，其中，目标乘积为目标曝光时间和目标增益参数的乘积，预设乘积为预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积。在具体实现中，处理器330可以增大预设曝光时间并减小预设增益参数；或者，处理器330可以不调整预设曝光时间并减小预设增益参数；再或者，处理器330可以减小预设曝光时间和预设增益参数。
当指纹识别环境为正常环境时，调整量为零，处理器330可以不对预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积做调整，即目标曝光时间和目标增益参数的乘积为预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积。
当指纹识别环境为特定环境时，目标乘积可以为预设乘积与调整量之和。在具体实现中，处理器330可以增大预设曝光时间和预设增益参数；或者，处理器330可以不调整预设曝光时间并增大预设增益参数；再或者，处理器330可以减小预设曝光时间并增大预设增益参数。
在确定目标采集参数后，像素阵列310可以利用目标采集参数采集指纹光信号301，并基于指纹光信号301获得指纹图像，以进行指纹识别。
或者，像素阵列310可以同时采集第一光信号302和指纹光信号301，在处理器330基于第一光信号302确定了指纹识别环境后，像素阵列310可 以利用指纹识别环境对应的指纹算法对指纹光信号310进行处理，从而得到更加准确的指纹图像。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，指纹识别装置300还可以包括：光学组件340，设置在显示屏120和像素阵列310之间，用于在手指按压显示屏120的指纹识别区域时将指纹光信号301导引或会聚到像素阵列310。
光学组件340可以对应于图1中的光学组件132，具体实现可以参考图1所示实施例中的相关描述，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
光学组件340可以包括至少一个阻光层342和微透镜阵列341。至少一阻光层342设置有多个通光小孔；微透镜阵列341设置于至少一阻光层342上方，用于在手指按压在显示屏120时，将经过手指反射、散射或透射的指纹光信号301汇聚至至少一个阻光层342的多个通光小孔，指纹光信号301通过至少一个阻光层342的多个通光小孔传输至像素阵列310。
其中，彩色滤光层350可以设置于显示屏120与光学组件340之间的光路中，或者，彩色滤光层350可以设置于微透镜阵列341到像素阵列310之间的光路中，具体地，彩色滤光层350可以设置于至少一个阻光层342和微透镜阵列341之间。
应理解，本申请实施例的指纹识别装置300还可以用于真假手指识别、指纹识别区域的确定等。
上文结合图3-图9，详细描述了本申请的装置实施例，下文结合图10，详细描述本申请的方法实施例，应理解，方法实施例与装置实施例相互对应，类似的描述可以参照装置实施例。
图10示出了本申请实施例的指纹识别的方法400的示意性流程图。方法400可以应用于设置于电子设备的显示屏下方的指纹识别装置，该指纹识别装置可以包括像素阵列和彩色滤光层，彩色滤光层包括至少一个滤光单元，至少一个滤光单元分别设置于像素阵列的至少一个第一类像素上方。如图10所示，该指纹识别的方法400可以包括如下步骤：
在410中，采集第一类像素感测到的透过至少一个滤光单元的第一光信号。
在420中，根据第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境。
在430中，基于指纹识别环境，确定采集经由显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号时的目标采集参数，指纹光信号用于指纹识别。
可选地，在一些实施例中，至少一个滤光单元包括至少一个红色滤光单元，红色滤光单元用于透过红光信号，第一光信号包括红光信号。
可选地，在一些实施例中，根据第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境，包括：当红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度时，确定指纹识别环境为强光环境；当红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度时，确定指纹识别环境为正常环境。
可选地，在一些实施例中，至少一个滤光单元还包括至少一个蓝色滤光单元，蓝色滤光单元用于透过蓝光信号，第一光信号还包括蓝光信号。
可选地，在一些实施例中，根据第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境，包括：当红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度，且蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度时，确定指纹识别环境为特定环境。
可选地，在一些实施例中，基于所述指纹识别环境，确定采集经由显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号的目标采集参数，包括：根据指纹识别环境的环境光基于预设环境光的变化量，确定预设采集参数的调整量，其中，在预设环境光下，采集指纹光信号时的采集参数为预设采集参数；根据预设采集参数和调整量，确定目标采集参数。
可选地，在一些实施例中，目标采集参数包括目标曝光时间和目标增益参数，预设采集参数包括曝光时间和预设增益参数；若指纹识别环境为强光环境，目标乘积为预设乘积与调整量之差，其中，目标乘积为目标曝光时间和目标增益参数的乘积，预设乘积为预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积；若所述指纹识别环境为正常环境，调整量为零，目标乘积为预设乘积；若指纹环境为特定环境，目标乘积为预设乘积与调整量之和。
可选地，在一些实施例中，当指纹识别环境为强光环境时，预设曝光时间增大至目标曝光时间，且预设增益参数减小至目标增益参数；或目标曝光时间为预设曝光时间，且预设增益参数减小至目标增益参数；或预设曝光时间减小至目标曝光时间，且预设增益参数减小至目标增益参数。
可选地，在一些实施例中，当指纹识别环境为正常环境时，目标曝光时间为预设曝光时间，且目标增益参数为预设增益参数。
可选地，在一些实施例中，当指纹识别环境为特定环境时，预设曝光时间增大至目标曝光时间，且预设增益参数增大至目标增益参数；或目标曝光时间为预设曝光时间，且预设增益参数增大至目标增益参数；或预设曝光时 间减小至目标曝光时间，且预设增益参数增大至目标增益参数。
可选地，在一些实施例中，特定环境中的蓝光分量大于正常环境中蓝光分量的2倍。
应理解，图10所示的方法400可以由前述实施例中的指纹识别装置300执行，方法400中的像素阵列、彩色滤光层、至少一个滤光单元、第一类像素分别可以为指纹识别装置300中的像素阵列310、彩色滤光层350、至少一个滤光单元320和第一类像素311。应理解，图10中的步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实施例还可以执行其它操作或者图10的各种操作的变形。
为了更加清楚的理解指纹识别方法400，以下结合图11和图12描述指纹识别方法400的两种具体的实现方式。
图11中的至少一个滤光单元包括红色滤光单元，第一光信号包括红光信号，采集参数包括曝光时间和增益参数。
S510，采集第一光信号。
S520，判断第一光信号中的红光信号的强度是否大于预设红光信号强度。若红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度，执行S530；若红光信号的强度小于预设红光信号强度，执行S540。
S530，确定当前的指纹识别环境为强光环境，调大预设曝光时间至目标曝光时间，且调小预设增益参数至目标增益参数，使得目标曝光时间和目标增益参数的乘积小于预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积。之后，执行S550。
可选地，若当前的指纹识别环境为强光环境，也可以不调整预设曝光时间，即目标曝光时间为预设曝光时间，且调小预设增益参数至目标增益参数。
或者，也可以调小预设曝光时间至目标曝光时间，且调小预设增益参数至目标增益参数。
S540，确定当前的指纹识别环境为正常环境，不对预设曝光时间和预设增益参数进行调整，即预设曝光时间为目标曝光时间，预设增益参数为目标增益参数，预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积与目标曝光时间和目标增益参数的乘积相等。之后，执行S550。
S550，基于目标曝光时间和目标增益参数，采集指纹光信号，对指纹光信号进行处理得到指纹图像。
S560，基于指纹图像进行指纹识别。
图12中的至少一个滤光单元包括红色滤光单元和蓝色滤光单元，第一 光信号包括红光信号和蓝光信号，采集参数包括曝光时间和增益参数。
S610，采集第一光信号。
S620，判断第一光信号中的红光信号的强度是否大于预设红光信号强度。若红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度，执行S630；若红光信号的强度小于预设红光信号强度，执行S640。
S630，确定当前的指纹识别环境为强光环境，调大预设曝光时间至目标曝光时间，且调小预设增益参数至目标增益参数，使得目标曝光时间和目标增益参数的乘积小于预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积。之后，执行S670。
可选地，若当前的指纹识别环境为强光环境，也可以不调整预设曝光时间，即目标曝光时间为预设曝光时间，且调小预设增益参数至目标增益参数。
或者，也可以调小预设曝光时间至目标曝光时间，且调小预设增益参数至目标增益参数。
S640，判断第一光信号中的蓝光信号的强度是否大于预设蓝光信号强度。若蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度，执行S650；若蓝光信号的强度小于或等于预设蓝光信号强度，执行S660。
S650，确定当前的指纹识别环境为特定环境，调小预设曝光时间至目标曝光时间，且调大预设增益参数至目标增益参数，使得目标曝光时间和目标增益参数的乘积大于预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积。之后，执行S670。
可选地，若当前的指纹识别环境为特定环境，也可以不调整预设曝光时间，即目标曝光时间为预设曝光时间，且调大预设增益参数至目标增益参数。
或者，也可以调大预设曝光时间至目标曝光时间，且调大预设增益参数至目标增益参数。
S660，确定当前的指纹识别环境为正常环境，不对预设曝光时间和预设增益参数进行调整，即预设曝光时间为目标曝光时间，预设增益参数为目标增益参数，预设曝光时间和预设增益参数的乘积与目标曝光时间和目标增益参数的乘积相等。之后，执行S670。
S670，基于目标曝光时间和目标增益参数，采集指纹光信号，对指纹光信号进行处理得到指纹图像。
S680，基于指纹图像进行指纹识别。
图13示出了通过两种方式进行指纹识别的拒识率(False Rejection Rate，FRR)的对比图。其中，图13中的实线是基于方法400进行指纹识别的FRR， 也就是说，图13中的实线是利用彩色滤光层确定指纹识别环境之后，基于指纹识别环境调整一些采集指纹光信号时的采集参数并利用该采集参数进行指纹识别得到的FRR。图13中的虚线是未利用彩色滤光层确定指纹识别环境，而是采用固定的采集参数采集指纹光信号以进行指纹识别得到的FRR。
图13中的横坐标为不同的手指。可以看到，在分别用两种指纹识别装置进行了8次指纹识别后，实线所示的FRR最高不超过20％，虚线所示的FRR最低为20％，最高可以达到75％左右，实线所示的FRR明显低于虚线所示的FRR，更有效地说明了本申请实施例的指纹识别的方法进行指纹识别的高准确率。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，如图14所示，该电子设备700可以包括显示屏710以及指纹识别装置720。该指纹识别装置720可以为前述实施例中的指纹识别装置300，并设置在显示屏710下方。
其中，作为一种可选的实施例，显示屏710具有自发光显示单元，该自发光显示单元可以作为指纹识别装置720用于进行指纹识别的激励光源。另外，该指纹识别装置720可以能够用于执行图10所示方法实施例中的内容。
应理解，显示屏710可以为非折叠显示屏，也可以为可折叠显示屏，即柔性显示屏。
作为示例而非限定，本申请实施例中的电子设备可以为终端设备、手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、台式机电脑、游戏设备、车载电子设备或穿戴式智能设备等便携式或移动计算设备，以及电子数据库、汽车、银行自动柜员机(Automated Teller Machine，ATM)等其他电子设备。该穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等设备。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的前提下，本申请描述的各个实施例和/或各个实施例中的技术特征可以任意的相互组合，组合之后得到的技术方案也应落入本申请的保护范围。
应理解，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请实施例。例如，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“上述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种指纹识别的方法，其特征在于，应用于设置于电子设备的显示屏下方的指纹识别装置，所述指纹识别装置包括像素阵列和彩色滤光层，所述彩色滤光层包括至少一个滤光单元，所述至少一个滤光单元分别设置于所述像素阵列的至少一个第一类像素上方，所述方法包括：
    采集所述第一类像素感测到的透过所述至少一个滤光单元的第一光信号；
    根据所述第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境；
    基于所述指纹识别环境，确定采集经由所述显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号时的目标采集参数，所述指纹光信号用于指纹识别。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元包括至少一个红色滤光单元，所述红色滤光单元用于透过红光信号，所述第一光信号包括所述红光信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境，包括：
    当所述红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为强光环境；
    当所述红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为正常环境。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元还包括至少一个蓝色滤光单元，所述蓝色滤光单元用于透过蓝光信号，所述第一光信号还包括所述蓝光信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一光信号的强度，确定指纹识别环境，包括：
    当所述红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度，且所述蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为特定环境。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述指纹识别环境，确定采集经由所述显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号时的目标采集参数，包括：
    根据所述指纹识别环境的环境光相对于预设环境光的变化量，确定预设 采集参数的调整量，其中，在所述预设环境光下，采集所述指纹光信号时的采集参数为所述预设采集参数；
    根据所述预设采集参数和所述调整量，确定所述目标采集参数。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标采集参数包括目标曝光时间和目标增益参数，所述预设采集参数包括预设曝光时间和预设增益参数；
    若所述指纹识别环境为强光环境，目标乘积为预设乘积与所述调整量之差，其中，所述目标乘积为所述目标曝光时间和所述目标增益参数的乘积，所述预设乘积为所述预设曝光时间和所述预设增益参数的乘积；
    若所述指纹识别环境为正常环境，所述调整量为零，所述目标乘积为所述预设乘积；
    若所述指纹识别环境为特定环境，所述目标乘积为所述预设乘积与所述调整量之和。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述指纹识别环境为所述强光环境时，所述预设曝光时间增大至所述目标曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数减小至所述目标增益参数；或
    所述目标曝光时间为所述预设曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数减小至所述目标增益参数；或
    所述预设曝光时间减小至所述目标曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数减小至所述目标增益参数。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述指纹识别环境为所述正常环境时，所述目标曝光时间为所述预设曝光时间，且所述目标增益参数为所述预设增益参数。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述指纹识别环境为所述特定环境时，所述预设曝光时间增大至所述目标曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数增大至所述目标增益参数；或
    所述目标曝光时间为所述预设曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数增大至所述目标增益参数；或
    所述预设曝光时间减小至所述目标曝光时间，且所述预设增益参数增大至所述目标增益参数。
  11. 根据权利要求5、7或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特定环境 中的蓝光分量大于正常环境中蓝光分量的2倍。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元均匀或非均匀地分布于所述彩色滤光层上。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述至少一个滤光单元均匀分布于所述彩色滤光层上时，所述至少一个滤光单元在所述彩色滤光层上间隔排列。
  14. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元分布于所述彩色滤光层的边缘区域。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元离散地分布于所述彩色滤光层的边缘区域。
  16. 一种指纹识别装置，其特征在于，设置于电子设备的显示屏下方，以用于屏下指纹识别，所述指纹识别装置包括：
    像素阵列，用于采集经由所述显示屏上方的手指反射或散射而返回的指纹光信号，所述指纹光信号用于指纹识别；
    彩色滤光层，包括至少一个滤光单元，所述至少一个滤光单元分别设置于所述像素阵列的至少一个第一类像素上方；
    所述至少一个第一类像素用于感测透过所述至少一个滤光单元的第一光信号，所述第一光信号的强度用于确定指纹识别环境，以得到采集所述指纹光信号时的目标采集参数。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别装置还包括处理器，所述处理器用于：
    基于所述第一光信号的强度，确定所述指纹识别环境；
    基于所述指纹识别环境，确定所述目标采集参数。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述电子设备的处理器用于：
    基于所述第一光信号的强度，确定所述指纹识别环境；
    基于所述指纹识别环境，确定所述目标采集参数。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元包括至少一个红色滤光单元，所述红色滤光单元用于透过红光信号，所述第一光信号包括所述红光信号。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述处理器 具体用于：
    当所述红光信号的强度大于预设红光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为强光环境；
    当所述红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为正常环境。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元还包括至少一个蓝色滤光单元，所述蓝色滤光单元用于透过蓝光信号，所述第一光信号还包括所述蓝光信号。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    当所述红光信号的强度小于或等于预设红光信号强度，且所述蓝光信号的强度大于预设蓝光信号强度时，确定所述指纹识别环境为特定环境。
  23. 根据权利要求17至22中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    根据所述指纹识别环境的环境光相对于预设环境光的变化量，确定预设采集参数的调整量，其中，在所述预设环境光下，采集所述指纹光信号时的采集参数为所述预设采集参数；
    根据所述预设采集参数和所述调整量，确定所述目标采集参数。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述目标采集参数包括目标曝光时间和目标增益参数，所述预设采集参数包括预设曝光时间和预设增益参数；
    若所述指纹识别环境为强光环境，目标乘积为预设乘积与所述调整量之差，其中，所述目标乘积为所述目标曝光时间和所述目标增益参数的乘积，所述预设乘积为所述预设曝光时间和所述预设增益参数的乘积；
    若所述指纹识别环境为正常环境，所述调整量为零，所述目标乘积为所述预设乘积；
    若所述指纹识别环境为特定环境，所述目标乘积为所述预设乘积与所述调整量之和。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，当所述指纹识别环境为所述强光环境时，所述处理器具体用于：
    调大所述预设曝光时间至所述目标曝光时间，且调小所述预设增益参数 至所述目标增益参数；或
    不调整所述预设曝光时间，且调小所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数；或
    调小所述预设曝光时间至所述目标曝光时间，且调小所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，当所述指纹识别环境为所述正常环境时，所述处理器不对所述预设曝光时间和所述预设增益参数进行调整。
  27. 根据权利要求24所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，当所述指纹识别环境为所述特定环境时，所述处理器具体用于：
    调大所述预设曝光时间至所述目标曝光时间，且调大所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数；或
    不调整所述预设曝光时间，且调大所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数；或
    调小所述预设曝光时间至所述目标曝光时间，且调大所述预设增益参数至所述目标增益参数。
  28. 根据权利要求22、24或27所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述特定环境中的蓝光分量大于正常环境中蓝光分量的2倍。
  29. 根据权利要求16至28中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元均匀或非均匀分布于所述彩色滤光层上。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，当所述至少一个滤光单元均匀分布于所述彩色滤光层上时，所述至少一个滤光单元在所述彩色滤光层上间隔排列。
  31. 根据权利要求16至28中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元分布于所述彩色滤光层的边缘区域。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个滤光单元离散地分布于所述彩色滤光层的边缘区域。
  33. 根据权利要求16至32中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别装置还包括至少一个阻光层和微透镜阵列，所述至少一个阻光层位于所述微镜头阵列下方，设置有多个通光小孔，所述像素阵列用于接收经由所述微镜头阵列汇聚到所述多个通光小孔的并通过所述多个通光小孔 的光信号；
    其中，所述彩色滤光层设置在所述至少一个阻光层和所述微透镜阵列之间。
  34. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：
    显示屏；
    以及如权利要求16至33中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，所述指纹识别装置设置在所述显示屏的下方。
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