WO2021201172A1 - 血液浄化システム、制御方法、制御プログラム、学習装置及び学習方法 - Google Patents

血液浄化システム、制御方法、制御プログラム、学習装置及び学習方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021201172A1
WO2021201172A1 PCT/JP2021/014033 JP2021014033W WO2021201172A1 WO 2021201172 A1 WO2021201172 A1 WO 2021201172A1 JP 2021014033 W JP2021014033 W JP 2021014033W WO 2021201172 A1 WO2021201172 A1 WO 2021201172A1
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Prior art keywords
blood
line
pressure
dialysate
blood purification
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2021/014033
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大石　輝彦
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Asahi Kasei Medical Co Ltd
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Asahi Kasei Medical Co Ltd
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Priority to EP21780375.8A priority Critical patent/EP4129354A4/en
Priority to JP2022512665A priority patent/JP7679358B2/ja
Priority to US17/915,288 priority patent/US20230138912A1/en
Priority to CN202180026030.8A priority patent/CN115348877A/zh
Publication of WO2021201172A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021201172A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to JP2023186609A priority patent/JP2024012445A/ja
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
    • A61M1/1613—Profiling or modelling of patient or predicted treatment evolution or outcome
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A61M1/3403—Regulation parameters
    • A61M1/341—Regulation parameters by measuring the filtrate rate or volume
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3607—Regulation parameters
    • A61M1/3609—Physical characteristics of the blood, e.g. haematocrit, urea
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/40—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/70—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for mining of medical data, e.g. analysing previous cases of other patients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3623—Means for actively controlling temperature of blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A61M2205/3334—Measuring or controlling the flow rate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/35—Communication
    • A61M2205/3546—Range
    • A61M2205/3553—Range remote, e.g. between patient's home and doctor's office
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/20—Blood composition characteristics
    • A61M2230/207—Blood composition characteristics hematocrit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/30—Blood pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N20/00—Machine learning

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to blood purification systems, control methods, control programs, learning devices and learning methods.
  • a plurality of blood purification systems used in dialysis and the like are installed in a dialysis room provided in a medical facility such as a hospital, and the dialysis room is configured to purify blood for a large number of patients.
  • a server central management means for storing patient management data (patient weight, blood pressure, etc.) related to blood purification is installed, and the management data is transmitted to individual blood purification systems for display.
  • the body weight and blood pressure before dialysis are first measured by a weight scale or a sphygmomanometer, transmitted to a central management means, and stored as patient-specific information.
  • the central management means obtains the patient's conditions by calculation using a predetermined mathematical formula, and transmits the obtained conditions to the blood purification system to perform optimal blood purification for each patient. conduct.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a blood purification system in which a plurality of monitoring devices are installed in a dialysis room in a medical field such as a hospital.
  • the blood purification system is required to purify blood more appropriately.
  • the purpose of blood purification systems, control methods, control programs, learning devices and learning methods is to enable more appropriate blood purification.
  • the blood purification system relates to a line through which a liquid containing blood or a filtrate flows, a blood purification device that purifies the blood flowing through the line, a feeder that supplies dialysate or a replacement solution to the line, and blood flowing through the line.
  • a detector that detects blood information, a liquid control mechanism that controls the flow of liquid in a line based on control parameters, and a learning to output a predetermined control parameter when a predetermined blood information is input.
  • the blood control mechanism is controlled based on the parameter acquisition unit that inputs the blood information detected by the detection unit to the learning model and acquires the control parameters output from the learning model, and the control parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition unit.
  • blood information includes the degree of turbulence of blood, the degree of vortex of blood, the degree of heart noise, blood pressure, pressure loss of blood pressure, filtrate pressure, dialysate pressure, replenisher pressure, blood flow rate. , Sulfate flow rate, dialysate flow rate, replacement fluid flow rate, fouling, hematocrit value in blood, degree of hemolysis, and at least one of the patient's blood pressure connected to the line.
  • the learning model has an action value function in which blood information is set as a state and control based on a control parameter is set as an action, and the action value function becomes larger as the change in blood information becomes smaller. It is preferable that it is updated based on the reward set in.
  • the liquid control mechanism is a magnetic field regulator that applies a magnetic field to blood in a predetermined direction, a pump that controls the flow of liquid in the line, or a resistor that applies resistance to the line.
  • the control parameter preferably includes at least one of the strength of the magnetic field applied by the magnetic field regulator, the driving amount of the pump, and the magnitude of the resistance applied by the resistance applying member.
  • the learning model is stored in association with the product data of the plasma separation device, the data on the blood flowing in the line, the clearance data by the blood purification system, the amount of the causative substance removed, or the antithrombotic property. It is preferable to have more portions.
  • a generation unit that generates a learning model based on blood information detected by the detection unit before and after controlling the liquid control mechanism based on a specific control parameter and a specific control parameter. It is preferable to have more.
  • the blood purification system is preferably an extracorporeal circulating blood purification system.
  • the blood purification system carries out continuous hemodiafiltration, continuous hemofiltration, continuous hemodialysis or aferesis.
  • the control method according to the embodiment is a line through which a liquid containing blood or a filtrate flows, a blood purification device for purifying the blood flowing in the line, a feeder for supplying dialysate or a replacement solution to the line, and blood related to blood flowing in the line.
  • a control method for a blood purification system having a detection unit for detecting information and a liquid control mechanism for controlling the flow of liquid in a line based on control parameters, which is predetermined when predetermined blood information is input.
  • the blood information detected by the detection unit is input to the learning model trained to output the control parameters of, the control parameters output from the learning model are acquired, and the liquid control mechanism is based on the acquired control parameters.
  • Blood information includes the degree of turbulence of blood, the degree of vortex of blood, the degree of heart noise, blood pressure, pressure loss of blood pressure, filtrate pressure, dialysate pressure, replenisher pressure, blood flow rate, Includes at least one of filtrate flow rate, dialysate flow rate, replacement fluid flow rate, fouling, hematocrit value in blood, degree of hemolysis, and blood pressure of the patient connected to the line.
  • the control program includes a line through which a liquid containing blood or a filtrate flows, a blood purification device that purifies the blood flowing through the line, a feeder that supplies dialysate or a replacement solution to the line, and blood related to blood flowing through the line.
  • a computer control program included in a blood purification system having a detector for detecting information and a liquid control mechanism for controlling the flow of liquid in a line based on control parameters, in which predetermined blood information is input.
  • the blood information detected by the detection unit is input to the learning model trained to output a predetermined control parameter, the control parameter output from the learning model is acquired, and the control parameter is acquired based on the acquired control parameter.
  • Control the liquid control mechanism let the computer perform, blood information, blood turbulence degree, blood vortex degree, heart noise degree, blood pressure, blood pressure pressure loss, filtrate pressure, dialysate It includes at least one of pressure, replenisher pressure, blood flow, filtrate flow, dialysate flow, replenisher flow, fouling, hematocrit value in blood, degree of hemolysis, and blood pressure of the patient connected to the line.
  • the learning apparatus includes a line through which a liquid containing blood or a filtrate flows, a blood purification device that purifies the blood flowing through the line, a feeder that supplies dialysate or a replacement solution to the line, and blood related to blood flowing through the line.
  • a data acquisition unit that acquires a plurality of combinations of blood information and control parameters in a blood purification system having a detection unit that detects information and a liquid control mechanism that controls the flow of liquid in a line based on control parameters.
  • a generation unit that generates a learning model trained to output a predetermined control parameter when a predetermined blood information is input using the combination acquired by the data acquisition unit, and an output that outputs information about the learning model.
  • blood information includes the degree of turbulence of blood, the degree of vortex of blood, the degree of heart noise, blood pressure, pressure loss of blood pressure, filtrate pressure, dialysate pressure, replenisher pressure, blood flow rate. , Sulfate flow rate, dialysate flow rate, replacement fluid flow rate, fouling, hematocrit value in blood, degree of hemolysis, and at least one of the patient's blood pressure connected to the line.
  • the learning device further has a communication unit for communicating with a plurality of blood purification systems, and the data acquisition unit acquires a combination by receiving the combination from the plurality of blood purification systems via the communication unit. Is preferable.
  • the data acquisition unit controls the liquid control mechanism based on a specific control parameter, and the blood information detected by the detection unit before and after controlling the liquid control mechanism based on the specific control parameter. It is preferable to obtain the combination by obtaining.
  • a computer flows through a line through which a liquid containing blood or a filtrate flows, a blood purification device that purifies the blood flowing through the line, a feeder that supplies dialysate or a replacement solution to the line, and a line.
  • a blood purification device that purifies the blood flowing through the line
  • a feeder that supplies dialysate or a replacement solution to the line
  • a line Acquire a plurality of combinations of blood information and control parameters in a blood purification system having a detection unit that detects blood information about blood and a liquid control mechanism that controls the flow of liquid in a line based on control parameters.
  • the blood information includes generating a learning model trained to output a predetermined control parameter when a predetermined blood information is input and outputting information about the learning model.
  • the control program according to the embodiment is a computer control program, which is a line through which a liquid containing blood or a filtrate flows, a blood purification device for purifying the blood flowing in the line, and a feeder for supplying dialysate or replacement solution to the line.
  • a plurality of blood information and control parameters in a blood purification system having a detector that detects blood information about blood flowing in the line and a liquid control mechanism that controls the flow of liquid in the line based on control parameters.
  • a computer that acquires a combination, uses the acquired combination to generate a training model trained to output a predetermined control parameter when a predetermined blood information is input, and outputs information about the training model.
  • the blood information is the degree of turbulence of blood, the degree of vortex of blood, the degree of heart noise, blood pressure, pressure loss of blood pressure, filtrate pressure, dialysate pressure, replenisher pressure, blood flow rate, filtrate flow rate, It includes at least one of dialysate flow rate, replacement fluid flow rate, fouling, hematocrit value in blood, degree of hemolysis, and blood pressure of the patient connected to the line.
  • Blood purification system control method, control program, learning device and learning method can carry out blood purification more appropriately.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a management system 100 according to an embodiment.
  • the management system 100 includes one or more blood purification systems 40, a server 80, and the like.
  • Each blood purification system 40 and the server 80 are connected to each other so as to be able to communicate with each other via the network 70.
  • Each blood purification system 40 is an extracorporeal circulating blood purification system.
  • Each hemodiafiltration system 40 performs continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF), continuous hemofiltration (CHF), continuous hemodialysis (CHD) or apheresis.
  • Each blood purification system 40 has a blood purification unit 14, a control device 50, and the like.
  • the network 70 is a wired network such as the Internet or an intranet.
  • the network 70 may be a wireless network such as a wireless LAN (Local Area Network).
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a blood purification unit 14 included in the blood purification system 40.
  • the blood purification unit 14 includes a blood purification device 1, a blood supply line 3, a blood return line 4, a blood pump 5, a replenisher container 7, a filtrate line 8, a filtrate pump 9, and a dialysate line 10.
  • the blood purification unit 14 is used to utilize the blood purification device 1 in a clinical environment.
  • the blood purification unit 14 performs continuous hemodiafiltration, continuous hemofiltration, continuous hemodialysis or apheresis.
  • the blood transfer line 3, the blood return line 4, the filter solution line 8, the dialysate line 10, the replacement solution line 12, and the piping systems 33 and 33' are examples of lines through which a liquid containing blood or a filtrate flows, and are blood circuits. ..
  • a tube made of polyvinyl chloride is used as the blood feeding line 3, the blood return line 4, the filtrate line 8, the dialysate line 10, the replacement fluid line 12, and the piping system 33, 33'.
  • a tube made of polyvinyl chloride is used as the blood feeding line 3 and the blood returning line 4, for example, a tube having a length and a diameter such that the total volume of the liquid contained therein is about 150 ml is used.
  • Other members may be used as the blood feeding line 3, the blood return line 4, the filtrate line 8, the dialysate line 10, the replacement fluid line 12, and the piping system 33, 33'.
  • the piping system 33 is a blood circuit and has a blood sampling unit 33a from a patient (animal or human).
  • the piping system 33' is a blood circuit and has a blood return portion 33b to the patient.
  • the blood feeding line 3 sends the blood removed from the blood collecting unit 33a to the blood purification device 1 via the blood pump 5.
  • the blood return line 4 sends the blood flowing out of the blood purification device 1 to the blood return unit 33b.
  • the filtrate line 8 is connected to the dialysate outlet 1b of the blood purification device 1, and contains a liquid containing waste products and the like flowing out from the dialysate outlet 1b, a replacement solution, and / or a dialysate as a filtrate through a filtrate pump 9. Send to the outside.
  • the dialysate line 10 is connected to the dialysate inlet 1a of the replacement fluid container 7 and the blood purification device 1, and the dialysate flowing out of the replacement fluid container 7 is sent to the dialysate inlet 1a via the dialysate pump 11.
  • the replacement fluid line 12 is connected to the replacement fluid container 7, the blood supply line 3 and / or the blood return line 4, and the replacement fluid flowing out of the replacement fluid container 7 is supplied to the blood replacement line 3 and / or the blood return line 4 via the replacement fluid pump 13. Send to.
  • the replacement fluid can be transferred to the blood supply line 3 and / or the blood return line 4 via the replacement fluid pump 13 by, for example, a three-way valve (not shown).
  • the blood purification device 1 purifies the blood flowing in each line of the blood purification unit 14.
  • the blood purification device 1 is a hemofilter that performs continuous slow hemofiltration.
  • the blood purification device 1 may be a hemodialyzer (dialyzer) or the like.
  • the blood purification device 1 separates waste products and the like from the blood when filtering or dialysis the blood.
  • the blood purification device 1 has a dialysate inlet 1a, a dialysate outlet 1b, an inlet side port 1c, an outlet side port 1d, a hollow fiber membrane body 1e, and the like.
  • the inlet side port 1c is an inflow port for blood bleeding from the patient and / or replacement fluid supplied from the replacement fluid container 7.
  • the hollow fiber membrane 1e is formed by bundling a large number of hollow fiber membranes through which blood and / or replacement fluid flowing in from the inlet side port 1c passes.
  • the outlet side port 1d is an outlet for blood and / or replacement fluid that has passed through the hollow fiber membrane body 1e to the outside of the vessel.
  • the dialysate inlet 1a is an inlet of the dialysate into the hollow fiber membrane 1e.
  • the dialysate outlet 1b is a purification port, a discharge port for a liquid and / or a replacement fluid containing waste products and the like that has permeated the outside of the hollow fiber membrane body 1e, and / or a flow of the dialysate passing through the outside of the hollow fiber membrane body 1e. It is an exit.
  • As the blood purification device 1 a known general blood purification device can be used.
  • the replacement fluid container 7 supplies the dialysate to the blood purification device 1 by supplying the dialysate to the dialysate line 10 and / or the blood replacement line 3 and the blood return line by supplying the replacement fluid to the replacement fluid line 12. Supply fluid to 4.
  • a known general replacement fluid container can be used as the replacement fluid container 7, the blood purification unit 14 can filter and / or remove water from the liquid (blood) in the line by using the blood purification device 1. If the amount of liquid in the replacement fluid container 7 is less than 100 ml, the amount of liquid in the replacement fluid container 7 may be insufficient during the operation of the blood purification unit 14, which may make it difficult to circulate the liquid. The amount of liquid is preferably 100 ml or more.
  • a dialysate supply device capable of constantly supplying dialysate and / or replacement fluid may be used.
  • the replacement fluid container 7 and the dialysate supply device are examples of the feeder.
  • the blood pump 5 is provided in the blood feeding line 3 and controls the flow of blood in the blood feeding line 3.
  • the filtrate pump 9 is provided in the filtrate line 8 and controls the flow of the filtrate in the filtrate line 8.
  • the dialysate pump 11 is provided in the dialysate line 10 and controls the flow of the dialysate in the dialysate line 10.
  • the replacement fluid pump 13 is provided in the replacement fluid line 12 and controls the flow of replacement fluid in the replacement fluid line 12.
  • the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11, and the replacement fluid pump 13 are each provided so that the drive amount (output amount) can be changed according to the control by the control device 50.
  • a roller pump is used as the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11, and the replacement fluid pump 13.
  • Other known pumps may be used as the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11, and the replacement fluid pump 13.
  • the magnetic force regulator 16 is provided so as to surround a predetermined position of the blood purification device 1, and applies a magnetic field to the blood in the blood purification device 1 in a predetermined direction.
  • the magnetic field regulator 16 is provided so as to surround a predetermined position of the patient's body connected to the blood feeding line 3, the blood return line 4, or the blood purification unit 14, and is provided so as to surround the blood feeding line 3, the blood return line 4, or the patient.
  • a magnetic field may be applied to the blood in the body in a predetermined direction.
  • the magnetic field regulator 16 has an annular magnet and applies a unidirectional magnetic field in the region inside the annular magnet in a direction parallel to or opposite to the direction of blood flow.
  • the magnetic field regulator 16 is provided so that the strength of the applied magnetic field can be changed according to the control by the control device 50.
  • the strength of the magnetic field is set to be sufficient to reduce the viscosity of blood by a predetermined amount and / or suppress turbulence in the bloodstream by a predetermined amount at the position where the magnetic field is applied.
  • the magnetic force regulator 16 for example, an electromagnet, a permanent magnet, a superconducting magnet, or the like is used.
  • the magnetic force regulator 16 can suppress the clogging of blood cell components in the blood purification device 1, suppress the pressure rise of the blood purification device 1, and reduce the viscosity of blood flow and the turbulence of blood. Thereby, the blood purification unit 14 can lower the blood pressure of the patient, improve hypertension, and reduce the occurrence of heart murmur.
  • the strength of the unidirectional magnetic field of the magnetic field regulator 16 is less than 0.01 tesla, the magnetic effect on red blood cells is low.
  • the magnetic force regulator 16 exceeding 100 Tesla is difficult to handle and tends to be expensive. Therefore, the strength of the unidirectional magnetic field of the magnetic field regulator 16 is preferably 0.01 tesla or more and 100 tesla or less, and more preferably 1 tesla or more and 10 tesla or less.
  • the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11, the supplementary liquid pump 13, and the magnetic force regulator 16 are examples of a liquid control mechanism that controls the flow of liquid in each line of the blood purification unit 14.
  • the blood flow detector 17 is provided at a predetermined position of the blood purification device 1 and detects the direction, velocity and / or velocity distribution of the blood flow in the blood purification device 1.
  • the blood flow detector 17 is provided at a predetermined position on the patient's body connected to the blood flow line 3, the blood return line 4, or the blood purification unit 14, and is provided on the blood flow line 3, the blood return line 4, or the patient's body.
  • the direction, velocity and / or velocity distribution of blood flow may be detected.
  • an ultrasonic diagnostic imaging apparatus Aixplayer manufactured by SuperSonic Image can be used.
  • the blood purification unit 14 can detect abnormal blood flow in a short time and with high accuracy by the blood flow detector 17.
  • the hematocrit value detector 18 is provided on the blood return line 4 and measures the hematocrit value in the blood in the blood return line 4.
  • the hematocrit value is an index indicating the concentration of blood, and is indicated by the volume ratio of red blood cells in the whole blood.
  • the hematocrit value detector 18 is preferably provided in the vicinity of the outlet side port 1d.
  • the hematocrit value detector 18 is used in the blood feeding line 3.
  • the blood collection unit 33a and the first pressure gauge 23 are provided, and the blood return line 4 is provided between the first flow meter 29 and the blood return unit 33b, respectively.
  • the hematocrit value detector 18 for example, StatStrip (registered trademark) Hb / Hct manufactured by Nova Biomedical (NOVA (registered trademark) BIOMEDICAL) can be used.
  • the first pressure gauge 23 is provided between the blood sampling unit 33a and the blood pump 5 in the blood feeding line 3 and measures the blood pressure in the blood feeding line 3.
  • the first pressure gauge 21 is provided between the blood pump 5 and the blood purification device 1 in the blood feeding line 3 and measures the blood pressure in the blood feeding line 3.
  • the first pressure gauge 22 is provided between the blood purification device 1 and the blood return portion 33b in the blood return line 4, and measures the blood pressure in the blood return line 4.
  • the first pressure gauge 21 and the first pressure gauge 22 can constantly measure the input pressure and the outlet pressure of the blood purification device 1, and the blood pressure by the blood purification device 1 is measured by the first pressure gauge 21 and the first pressure gauge 22. Pressure loss is measurable.
  • the second pressure gauge 25 is provided in the filtrate line 8 and measures the filtrate pressure in the filtrate line 8.
  • the third pressure gauge 26 is provided in the dialysate line 10 and measures the dialysate pressure in the dialysate line 10.
  • the fourth pressure gauge 27 is provided in the replacement fluid line 12 and measures the replacement fluid pressure in the replacement fluid line 12.
  • known water pressure gauges such as a semiconductor piezoresistive diffusion pressure sensor can be used.
  • the first flow meter 28 is provided in the blood feeding line 3 and measures the blood flow rate in the blood feeding line 3.
  • the first flow meter 29 is provided in the blood return line 4 and measures the blood flow rate in the blood return line 4.
  • the second flow meter 30 is provided in the filtrate line 8 and measures the flow rate of the filtrate in the filtrate line 8.
  • the third flow meter 31 is provided in the dialysate line 10 and measures the dialysate flow rate in the dialysate line 10.
  • the fourth flow meter 32 is provided in the replacement fluid line 12 and measures the replacement fluid flow rate in the replacement fluid line 12. The flow rate in each line controlled by the pumps in each line by the first flow meter 28, 29, the second flow meter 30, the third flow meter 31, and the fourth flow meter 32 is within the set range.
  • first flow meter 28, 29, the second flow meter 30, the third flow meter 31, and the fourth flow meter 32 known flow meters such as a Koriori mass flow meter, an electromagnetic mass flow meter, and an ultrasonic mass flow meter are available. It is available.
  • Blood flow detector 17 Hematocrit value detector 18, 1st pressure gauge 21-23, 2nd pressure gauge 25, 3rd pressure gauge 26, 4th pressure gauge 27, 1st flowmeter 28, 29, 2nd flowmeter 30, the third flow meter 31 and the fourth flow meter 32 are examples of detection units that detect blood information regarding blood flowing in each line of the blood purification unit 14.
  • the blood purification unit 14 in the clinical environment may include an anticoagulant injector, a bubble detector, an alarm function, and the like. Further, in order to use the blood purification system 40 safely, it is preferable to include a power generation device and a battery so that the blood purification system 40 can be operated even in the event of a disaster or a power failure.
  • the blood bleeding from the patient via the blood collection unit 33a is sent to the blood purification device 1 by the blood pump 5 through the blood feeding line 3.
  • the blood sent to the blood purification device 1 flows into the hollow fiber membrane body 1e from the inlet side port 1c, and flows out to the blood return line 4 from the outlet side port 1d.
  • the dialysate supplied from the replacement fluid container 7 is sent to the blood purification device 1 by the dialysate pump 11 through the dialysate line 10.
  • the dialysate sent to the blood purification device 1 flows in from the dialysate inlet 1a, passes through the outside of the hollow membrane body 1e, and dialysates with the liquid in the hollow membrane body 1e, while dialyzing the dialysate outlet 1b.
  • the replacement fluid supplied from the replacement fluid container 7 is sent to the blood feeding line 3 and the blood return line 3 by the replacement fluid pump 13 through the replacement fluid line 12.
  • the replacement fluid sent to the blood supply line 3 flows into the hollow fiber membrane 1e from the inlet side port 1c of the blood purification device 1, and flows out to the filtrate line 8 from the dialysate outlet 1b together with the liquid containing waste products and the like. ..
  • the dialysate, replacement fluid, and liquid containing waste products flowing out to the filtrate line 8 are discharged as a filtrate to the outside of the unit by the filtrate pump 9.
  • the blood and fluid replacement that has flowed to the blood return line 4 is returned to the patient.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the blood purification system 40.
  • the blood purification unit 14 of the blood purification system 40 includes a drive device 15, an electrocardiogram measuring device 41, a hemolysis measuring device 42, a pulse meter 43, a blood pressure monitor 44, a blood flow meter 45, and the like.
  • the drive device 15 includes one or a plurality of motors and drives the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11, and the replenisher pump 13 according to the control signal from the control device 50 in each line of the blood purification unit 14. Control the flow of liquid.
  • the electrocardiogram measuring device 41 is attached to a patient connected to the blood purification unit 14, measures the patient's electrocardiogram (heartbeat waveform), and outputs the measured electrocardiogram.
  • a wearable electrocardiogram measuring device such as Apple Watch (Series 4, 5, 6) can be used.
  • the Apple Watch (Series 4, 5, 6) has crystals and electrodes and works with the ECG application to record an ECG similar to the Lead I ECG.
  • the electrocardiogram measuring device 41 may constantly detect the heartbeat rhythm, and when an irregular heartbeat rhythm with a sign of atrial fibrillation (AFib) is detected, the electrocardiogram measuring device 41 may notify the fact.
  • AFib atrial fibrillation
  • the hemolysis measuring device 42 is connected to a patient connected to the blood purification unit 14 and measures the degree of hemolysis of the patient. Hemolysis means the destruction of blood cells, especially the destruction of red blood cells.
  • a blood leakage detector incorporated in all commercially available dialysis monitoring devices (for example, TR-3300M manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) can be used.
  • the pulse rate monitor 43 and the sphygmomanometer 44 are attached to a patient connected to the blood purification unit 14, respectively, and measure the pulse and blood pressure of the patient.
  • the blood flow meter 45 is connected to a patient connected to the blood purification unit 14 and measures the circulating blood flow of the patient.
  • Known measuring instruments can be used as the pulse rate monitor 43, the sphygmomanometer 44, and the blood flow meter 45.
  • the control device 50 is an example of a learning device, and is an information processing device such as a personal computer.
  • the control device 50 includes an input device 51, a display device 52, a first communication device 53, an interface device 54, a first storage device 55, a first processing device 56, and the like.
  • the input device 51, the display device 52, the first communication device 53, the interface device 54, the first storage device 55, and the first processing device 56 are connected to each other via a CPU (Central Processing Unit) bus or the like.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the input device 51 has a touch panel type input device or an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse, and an interface circuit for acquiring a signal from the input device, and outputs an operation signal according to a user's input operation.
  • the display device 52 has a display including a liquid crystal display, an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence), and an interface circuit for outputting image data to the display, and displays the image data on the display.
  • a display including a liquid crystal display, an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence), and an interface circuit for outputting image data to the display, and displays the image data on the display.
  • organic EL Electro-Luminescence
  • the first communication device 53 is an example of a communication unit.
  • the first communication device 53 has a wired communication interface circuit according to a communication protocol such as TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol).
  • the first communication device 53 communicates with the network 70 in accordance with a communication standard such as Ethernet (registered trademark).
  • the first communication device 53 sends the data received from the server 80 via the network 70 to the first processing device 56, and transmits the data received from the first processing device 56 to the server 80 via the network 70.
  • the first communication device 53 has an antenna for transmitting and receiving wireless signals and a wireless communication interface circuit according to a communication protocol such as a wireless LAN, and is connected to the network 70 in communication according to a communication standard such as a wireless LAN. May be good.
  • the interface device 54 has an interface circuit similar to a serial bus such as USB (Universal Serial Bus).
  • the interface device 54 includes a drive device 15, a magnetic force regulator 16, a blood flow detector 17, a hematocrit value detector 18, a first sphygmomanometer 21-23, a second sphygmomanometer 25, and a third sphygmomanometer included in the blood purification unit 14.
  • the interface device 54 sends the data received from each connected device to the first processing device 56, and transmits the data received from the first processing device 56 to each connected device.
  • the interface device 54 has an interface circuit conforming to a short-range wireless communication standard such as Bluetooth (registered trademark), and may be wirelessly connected to each part of the blood purification unit 14.
  • the first storage device 55 is an example of a storage unit.
  • the first storage device 55 includes a memory device such as a RAM (RandomAccessMemory) and a ROM (ReadOnlyMemory), a fixed disk device such as a hard disk, a portable storage device such as a flexible disk and an optical disk, and the like. Further, the first storage device 55 stores computer programs, databases, tables, etc. used for various processes of the control device 50.
  • the computer program may be installed in the first storage device 55 from a computer-readable portable recording medium using a known setup program or the like.
  • the portable recording medium is, for example, a CD-ROM (compact disc read only memory), a DVD-ROM (digital versatile disc read only memory), or the like.
  • the computer program may be installed from a predetermined server or the like.
  • the first storage device 55 stores learning model 551, product data 552, result table 553, and the like as data.
  • the learning model 551 is a model for controlling the blood flow in the blood purification unit 14.
  • the learning model 551 is generated by the first processing device 56 or received from the server 80.
  • Product data 552 is data related to the blood purification unit 14, and shows filtration performance, dialysis performance, and the like by the blood purification device 1.
  • the product data 552 is preset by the user using the input device 51.
  • the result table 553 the result of blood purification is stored for each blood purification by the blood purification system 40. Details of the result table 553 will be described later.
  • the first processing device 56 operates based on a program stored in the first storage device 55 in advance.
  • the first processing device 56 is, for example, a CPU.
  • a DSP digital signal processor
  • an LSI large scale integration
  • an ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • an FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the first processing device 56 is connected to an input device 51, a display device 52, a first communication device 53, an interface device 54, a first storage device 55, and the like, and controls each device.
  • the first processing device 56 generates a learning model 551 and controls the blood flow in the blood purification unit 14 by using the generated learning model 551.
  • the first processing device 56 reads a computer program stored in the first storage device 55 and operates according to the read computer program. As a result, the first processing device 56 functions as a first data acquisition unit 561, a first generation unit 562, a first output control unit 563, a parameter acquisition unit 564, and a control unit 565.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561, the first generation unit 562, and the first output control unit 563 are examples of a data acquisition unit, a generation unit, and an output control unit, respectively.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the data structure of the result table 553.
  • the identification number (measurement ID), learning model, patient data, product data, blood data, clearance data, causative substance removal amount, antithrombotic property, etc. are associated with each blood purification by the blood purification system 40.
  • the learning model is the learning model 551 used in blood purification.
  • the identification information or the storage address of the learning model 551 used in blood purification may be stored.
  • the patient data is data on the patient such as the name, height, and weight of the patient who has undergone blood purification.
  • the product data is product data 552 preset by the user.
  • Blood data is data related to blood flowing in each line of the blood purification unit 14, and includes the patient's pulse, blood pressure, circulating blood flow, hematocrit value in blood, degree of hemolysis, etc. before blood purification.
  • the clearance data is data on blood purified by the blood purification system 40, and includes a patient's pulse, blood pressure, circulating blood flow, hematocrit value in blood, degree of hemolysis, etc. after blood purification.
  • the clearance data may further include blood pressure, blood pressure loss, filtrate pressure, dialysate pressure, replenisher pressure, blood flow rate, filtrate flow rate, dialysate flow rate, replenisher flow rate, etc. measured during blood purification. good.
  • the causative substance removal amount is the amount of the causative substance removed by the blood purification unit 14.
  • the antithrombotic property is the ability to suppress the activation of the blood coagulation system, and is the degree of thrombus formed in the blood purified by the blood purification unit 14.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the server 80.
  • the server 80 is a higher-level computer of the control device 50 and is an example of a learning device.
  • the server 80 includes a second communication device 81, a second storage device 82, a second processing device 83, and the like.
  • the second communication device 81, the second storage device 82, and the second processing device 83 are connected to each other via a CPU bus or the like.
  • the second communication device 81 is an example of a communication unit for communicating with a plurality of blood purification systems 40.
  • the second communication device 81 has a wired communication interface circuit according to a communication protocol such as TCP / IP.
  • the second communication device 81 communicates with the network 70 in accordance with a communication standard such as Ethernet (registered trademark).
  • the second communication device 81 sends the data received from the control device 50 via the network 70 to the second processing device 83, and transmits the data received from the second processing device 83 to the control device 50 via the network 70. ..
  • the second communication device 81 has an antenna for transmitting and receiving wireless signals and a wireless communication interface circuit according to a communication protocol such as a wireless LAN, and is connected to the network 70 in communication according to a communication standard such as a wireless LAN. May be good.
  • the second storage device 82 includes a memory device such as RAM and ROM, a fixed disk device such as a hard disk, a portable storage device such as a flexible disk and an optical disk, and the like. Further, the second storage device 82 stores computer programs, databases, tables, etc. used for various processes of the server 80.
  • the computer program may be installed in the second storage device 82 from a computer-readable portable recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM using a known setup program or the like.
  • the computer program may be installed from a predetermined server or the like.
  • the learning model 821 and the like are stored as data in the second storage device 82.
  • the learning model 821 is generated by the second processing device 83 or received from the control device 50.
  • the second processing device 83 operates based on the program stored in the second storage device 82 in advance.
  • the second processing device 83 is, for example, a CPU.
  • a DSP, LSI, ASIC, FPGA or the like may be used as the second processing device 83.
  • the second processing device 83 is connected to the second communication device 81, the second storage device 82, and the like, and controls each device.
  • the second communication device 81 generates a learning model 821 and transmits it to each control device 50.
  • the second processing device 83 reads the computer program stored in the second storage device 82, and operates according to the read computer program. As a result, the second processing device 83 functions as a second data acquisition unit 831, a second generation unit 832, and a second output control unit 833.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the learning process of the control device 50.
  • the operation flow described below is mainly executed by the first processing device 56 in cooperation with each element of the control device 50 based on the program stored in the first storage device 55 in advance.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires blood information regarding blood flowing in each line of the blood purification unit 14 (step S101).
  • Blood information includes the degree of turbulence of blood, the degree of vortex of blood, the degree of heart noise, blood pressure, pressure loss of blood pressure, filtrate pressure, dialysate pressure, replenisher pressure, blood flow rate, filtrate flow rate, dialysate flow rate, Includes replenishment flow, fouling, hematocrit value in blood, or degree of hemolysis of the patient, pulse, blood pressure or circulating blood flow.
  • Blood information includes one or more of each of the above parameters.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires the direction, velocity and / or velocity distribution of the blood flow in the blood purification unit 14 from the blood flow detector 17 via the interface device 54, and based on each acquired information, the first data acquisition unit 561 of the blood. Calculate the degree of turbulence and blood vorticity.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 calculates, for example, the Reynolds number for each blood flow detected by the blood flow detector 17, and each blood flow is turbulent depending on whether or not the calculated Reynolds number is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value. It is determined whether it is a laminar flow or a laminar flow.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 calculates the ratio of the number of turbulent blood flows to the total number of blood flows detected by the blood flow detector 17 as the degree of turbulence.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 calculates the velocity vector of the blood flow based on the direction and velocity of the blood flow acquired from the blood flow detector 17, and the rotation of the vector field formed by the calculated velocity vector is vorticity. Calculate as. Vorticity is a quantity that expresses how the flow rotates.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires an electrocardiogram of a patient connected to the blood purification unit 14 from an electrocardiogram measuring device 41 via an interface device 54, and calculates the degree of heart murmur based on the acquired electrocardiogram.
  • a heart murmur is a heart murmur that is out of harmony with the heartbeat and disturbs the temperament.
  • Heart noise is a characteristic abnormal sound emitted when blood flows through a heart valve or a blood vessel near the heart (when the valve is opened or closed). Abnormal sounds are mainly caused by defects in the heart valves.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 calculates the rate of occurrence of an irregular heartbeat rhythm suggesting atrial fibrillation as the degree of heart murmur in the heartbeat rhythm shown in the acquired electrocardiogram.
  • the control device 50 stores the waveform pattern of the heartbeat rhythm of atrial fibrillation in the first storage device 55 in advance.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 uses a known pattern matching technique to detect a waveform similar to the heartbeat rhythm of atrial fibrillation within the heartbeat rhythm shown in the acquired electrocardiogram.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 detects the P wave corresponding to each R wave in the heartbeat rhythm shown in the acquired electrocardiogram, and based on the number of disappearances of the P wave, the heartbeat rhythm suggesting atrial fibrillation. Detect the occurrence.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires blood pressure from the first pressure gauges 21 to 23 via the interface device 54. Further, the first data acquisition unit 561 calculates a value obtained by subtracting the blood pressure acquired from the first pressure gauge 22 from the blood pressure acquired from the first pressure gauge 21 as the pressure loss of the blood pressure. Further, the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires the filtrate pressure, dialysate pressure and replenisher pressure from the second pressure gauge 25, the third pressure gauge 26 and the fourth pressure gauge 27, respectively, via the interface device 54.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 receives the blood flow rate, the filtrate flow rate, and the blood flow rate and the filtrate flow rate from the first flow meter 28, 29, the second flow meter 30, the third flow meter 31, and the fourth flow meter 32, respectively, via the interface device 54. Obtain the dialysate flow rate and supplementary fluid flow rate.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 calculates the amount of the filtrate of the blood purification device 1 per unit time from the start of the operation of the blood purification unit 14 to the present from the filtrate flow rate acquired from the second flow meter 30. ..
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 calculates the pressure difference between the current filtrate pressure acquired from the second pressure gauge 25 and the blood pressure acquired from the first pressure gauge 21.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 calculates a value obtained by dividing the calculated pressure difference from the calculated amount of the filtrate, and further dividing the value by a unit time as fouling of the blood purification device 1.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires the hematocrit value in blood from the hematocrit value detector 18 via the interface device 54. In addition, the first data acquisition unit 561 determines the degree of hemolysis of the patient connected to the blood purification unit 14 from the hemolysis measuring device 42, the pulse meter 43, the blood pressure meter 44, and the blood flow meter 45 via the interface device 54, respectively. Obtain pulse, blood pressure and circulating blood flow.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires control parameters related to the flow of the liquid in the blood purification unit 14 (step S102).
  • the control parameter includes the strength of the magnetic field applied to the blood by the magnetic force regulator 16 in a predetermined direction, or the driving amount of the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11 or the replacement fluid pump 13.
  • the control parameter includes one or more of each of the above parameters.
  • the control device 50 stores various usable values for each type of control parameter in the first storage device 55, and the first data acquisition unit 561 stores the values stored in the first storage device 55.
  • the control parameters are acquired by sequentially reading.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 may acquire the control parameter by generating a random number value within a range of usable values for each type of control parameter.
  • the control device 50 stores the optimum value of each control parameter in the first storage device 55 for each type of control parameter, and the first data acquisition unit 561 changes only a small amount with respect to the optimum value. By letting it, the control parameter may be acquired.
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 controls the magnetic force regulator 16 based on the acquired control parameters, or the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11 or the replacement fluid pump via the drive device 15. 13 is controlled (step S103).
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires blood information in the same manner as in the process of step S101 (step S104). As described above, the first data acquisition unit 561 controls the liquid control mechanism of the blood purification unit 14 based on the control parameter acquired in step S102, and the detection unit before and after controlling the liquid control mechanism based on the control parameter. The blood information detected by is acquired. As a result, the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires a combination of blood information and control parameters.
  • the first generation unit 562 sets the reward in the learning model 551 based on the blood information acquired by the first data acquisition unit 561 (step S105).
  • the learning model 551 used in the blood purification system 40 is learned by reinforcement learning, for example.
  • the learning model 551 is learned by, for example, Q-learning as reinforcement learning.
  • the learning model 551 uses the blood purification unit 14 as an environment, the control device 50 as an agent, blood information as a state, and the control of the liquid control mechanism based on the control parameters as an action, and determines the value of the control based on each control parameter. Has a value function.
  • Each of the above-mentioned blood information is a physical quantity that changes by changing each of the above-mentioned control parameters. That is, there is a correlation between each blood information and each control parameter, and the first generation unit 562 provides a learning model 551 capable of determining an appropriate control parameter according to the state of the blood purification unit 14. Can be generated.
  • the action value function Q (s, a) representing the value of the action when the action a is selected in the state s is set with the state s of the environment and the action a selected in the state s as independent variables. Be learned.
  • learning is started in a state where the correlation between the state s and the action a is unknown, and the action value function Q is repeated by repeating trial and error of selecting various actions a in an arbitrary state s. Will be updated.
  • the action value function Q is configured so that the reward r is obtained when the action a in a certain state s is selected, and the action a in which a higher reward r is obtained is selected. Is learned.
  • the update formula of the action value function Q is expressed as the following formula.
  • s t and a t is a state and behavior at each time t, the state by action a t changes from s t in s t + 1.
  • r t + 1 is a reward obtained by the state changes from s t in s t + 1.
  • maxQ means the Q when the action a which becomes the maximum value Q at the time t + 1 (which is considered at the time t) is performed.
  • ⁇ and ⁇ are learning coefficients and discount rates, respectively, and are arbitrarily set with 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 (usually 0.9 to 0.99) and 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 (usually about 0.1).
  • the update equation is the evaluation value Q (s t, a t) action a t in a certain state s t than the best behavior in the next state s t + 1 maxa t + 1 of the evaluation value Q (s t + 1 shows that maxa if t + 1) is greater towards the Q (s t, a larger a t), smaller Q (s t, a t) is also reduced.
  • this update formula brings the value of one action in one state closer to the value of the best action in the next state. Therefore, the action value function is such that the action value of the action (operating condition) that makes the blood purification unit 14 most suitable for operation becomes high, that is, the optimum action (operating condition) of the blood purification unit 14. ) Is updated to increase the action value.
  • the initial value of each action value function Q is arbitrarily set.
  • the first generation unit 562 uses the number of executions of step S106 as the time of the above equation.
  • First generating unit 562 identifies the blood information before control is obtained in step S101 as the state s t to identify control based on the control parameter obtained in step S102 as the action a t, it is obtained in step S104
  • the controlled blood information is specified as the state st + 1.
  • the first generation unit 562 sets the reward r based on the change in blood information (state) before and after control.
  • the first generation unit 562 sets the reward r so that the smaller the change (difference) in the blood information after control with respect to the blood information before control, the larger the reward r, and the larger the change (difference), the smaller the reward r.
  • Set For example, one or a plurality of threshold values are set in advance for each blood information, and the first generation unit 562 sets the reward r by comparing the amount of change in each blood information with each threshold value. When the amount of change is larger than the maximum value of the threshold value, the first generation unit 562 may set the reward r to 0.
  • the first generation unit 562 controls the blood purification unit 14 based on a specific control parameter, the more stable the blood condition in the blood purification unit 14, the higher the reward r. Set the reward r.
  • the first generation unit 562 can generate a learning model 551 trained to select a control parameter that makes the blood condition in the blood purification unit 14 more stable with respect to the current blood condition. can.
  • the first generation unit 562 updates the action value function based on the combination of the blood information and the control parameter acquired by the first data acquisition unit 561 and the set reward (step S106).
  • the first generation unit 562 the identified state s t, based on the action a t, the state s t + 1 and the set reward r, according to the above formula, action value function Q (s t, a t) Update.
  • the first generation unit 562 determines whether or not the learning end condition is satisfied (step S107). As a condition for ending learning, for example, the total number of updates of the action value function is equal to or more than a predetermined number, or the maximum or minimum value of the update count of each action value function is equal to or more than a predetermined number. Set. If the learning end condition is not yet satisfied, the first data acquisition unit 561 and the first generation unit 562 return the process to step S101 and repeat the processes of steps S101 to S107. As a result, the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires a plurality of combinations of blood information and control parameters, and the first generation unit 562 uses each combination acquired by the first data acquisition unit 561 to generate an action value function. Update. In the second and subsequent processes, the process of step S101 is omitted, and the first data acquisition unit 561 may use the blood information after control acquired in the immediately preceding step S104 as blood information before control. ..
  • the first generation unit 562 has a learning model 551 having a finally updated combination of Q (s, a) values (behavioral value) (behavioral value table). Is generated and stored in the first storage device 55 (step S108).
  • the learning model 551 outputs a control parameter corresponding to the action having the highest action value in that state, that is, a control parameter capable of most stabilizing the blood information. Is being learned.
  • the learning model 551 may be trained to output the action value of each control parameter (each value) in the state when the predetermined blood information is input as the state.
  • the blood purification system 40 can automatically create the optimum operating conditions for each time elapsed since the operation of the blood purification unit 14 was started. As a result, the blood purification system 40 can derive optimal operating conditions for, for example, continuous hemodiafiltration, continuous hemofiltration, continuous hemodialysis and apheresis.
  • the first output control unit 563 outputs the learning model 551 generated by the first generation unit 562 by transmitting it to the server 80 via the first communication device 53 (step S109), and performs a series of steps. finish.
  • the learning model 551 is an example of information about the learning model.
  • the server 80 receives the learning model 551 from the control device 50 via the second communication device 81
  • the server 80 stores the received learning model 551 as the learning model 821 in the second storage device 82 and the second communication device. It is transmitted to another control device 50 via 81.
  • the learning model 821 is received from the server 80 via the first communication device 53
  • the other control device 50 stores the received learning model 821 as the learning model 551 in the first storage device 55.
  • the management system 100 can share the learning model among the plurality of blood purification systems 40, and the efficiency of generating the learning model can be improved.
  • the process of step S109 is omitted, and the control device 50 may use the learning model 551 generated by the own device only in the own device.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the control process of the control device 50.
  • the operation flow described below is mainly executed by the first processing device 56 in cooperation with each element of the control device 50 based on the program stored in the first storage device 55 in advance.
  • the control process is executed when the user instructs the start of blood purification using the input device 51.
  • the parameter acquisition unit 564 acquires blood information detected by the detection unit of the blood purification unit 14 from the blood purification unit 14 in the same manner as in the process of step S101 of FIG. 6, and stores the blood information in the first storage device 55. Store (step S201).
  • the parameter acquisition unit 564 inputs the acquired blood information into the learning model 551 stored in the first storage device 55, and acquires the control parameters output from the learning model 551 (step S202).
  • control unit 565 controls the magnetic force regulator 16 based on the control parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition unit 564, or via the drive device 15, the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11 or The replacement fluid pump 13 is controlled (step S203).
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 acquires blood information and stores it in the first storage device 55 in the same manner as in the process of step S104 of FIG. 6 (step S204).
  • the first generation unit 562 determines the reward in the learning model 551 in the same manner as in the process of step S105 of FIG. 6 (step S205).
  • the first generation unit 562 sets the reward based on the change of the blood information acquired in step S201 and the blood information acquired in step S204.
  • the first generation unit 562 updates the action value function in the same manner as in the process of step S106 of FIG. 6 (step S206).
  • the first generation unit 562 has an action value based on the blood information acquired in step S201, the blood information acquired in step S204, the control parameters acquired in step S202, and the reward set in step S206. Update the function.
  • the processing of steps S204 to S206 is omitted, and the first generation unit 562 does not have to update the learning model 551 in the control processing.
  • control unit 565 determines whether or not the user has instructed the end of blood purification using the input device 51 (step S207). If the end of blood purification has not yet been instructed, the control unit 565 returns the process to step S201 and repeats the processes of steps S201 to S207.
  • control unit 565 stores the result of the control process in the result table 553 (step S208).
  • the control unit 565 reads out the learning model 551 used in the blood purification this time from the first storage device 55. In addition, the control unit 565 accepts the input of patient data by the user using the input device 51. Further, the control unit 565 reads the product data 552 of the blood purification device 1 and the replacement fluid container 7 from the first storage device 55. Further, the control unit 565 reads the blood information first stored in step S201 from the first storage device 55 and acquires it as blood data related to the blood flowing in each line of the blood purification unit 14. Further, the control unit 565 reads out each blood information stored in step S204 from the first storage device 55 and acquires it as clearance data by the blood purification system 40. The control unit 565 may acquire only the blood information finally stored in step S204 as clearance data by the blood purification system 40.
  • control unit 565 receives an input of the amount of the causative substance removed from the patient by the user using the input device 51.
  • a measuring device for measuring the causative substance removal amount is connected to the patient connected to the blood purification unit 14, and the control unit 565 removes the causative substance from the patient from the measuring device via the interface 50. May be obtained.
  • control unit 565 receives the patient's antithrombotic input by the user using the input device 51.
  • the blood is discharged from the blood purification unit 14, and then a fixed solution such as glutaraldehyde for fixing the thrombus formed in the hollow fiber membrane 1e is applied to the blood transfer line 3 and the blood return. It is circulated in the line 4 for a predetermined time.
  • the blood purification device 1 is taken out from the blood purification unit 14, and the presence or absence of thrombus formation is evaluated by visually observing the hollow fiber membrane 1e at the inlet portion of the taken out blood purification device 1.
  • the state of the thrombus inside the hollow fiber membrane body 1e is observed at each predetermined site by the scanning electron microscope.
  • the hollow fiber membrane body 1e is vertically divided into three regions of filtration side, center, and outside (opposite side of filtration side) and horizontally divided into three regions of inlet side, center, and outlet side. The following evaluations are performed for each part of the ⁇ 3 region.
  • the cross-sectional area of the thrombosis-forming portion is measured for each hollow fiber membrane, and the hollow fiber membrane 1 of the cross-sectional area of the thrombosis-forming portion at each site is measured.
  • the average value per book is calculated.
  • the ratio of the average value of the cross-sectional area of the thrombus-forming portion to the average cross-sectional area of the hollow fiber membrane is calculated as the thrombus formation rate.
  • the antithrombotic property of the blood purification device 1 is evaluated using the thrombus formation rate as an index. For example, the thrombus formation rate is divided into 5 stages for each site and scored.
  • the thrombus formation rate is less than 1%, it is given 0 points, if the thrombus formation rate is 1% or more and less than 25%, it is given 1 point, and if the thrombus formation rate is 25% or more and less than 50%, it is given 2 points.
  • the thrombus formation rate is 51% or more and less than 75%, 3 points are given, and when the thrombus formation rate is 76% or more, 4 points are given.
  • the average value of the points may be calculated for each region in the vertical direction or for each region in the horizontal direction. As a result, the tendency of thrombus formation in the hollow fiber membrane body 1e is grasped for each region. Further, the average value of the scores at all the sites may be used as the evaluation score of the antithrombotic property of the entire blood purification device 1. The smaller the evaluation score, the higher the antithrombotic property.
  • the control unit 565 correlates the learning model 551, patient data, product data 552, blood data, clearance data, causative substance removal amount and antithrombotic property with each other, assigns a new measurement ID, and stores it in the result table 553. ..
  • the first output control unit 563 outputs the result of blood purification by displaying it on the display device 52 (step S208), and ends a series of steps.
  • the results of blood purification are an example of information about the learning model.
  • the user can confirm the effect of the learning model 551, identify the learning model 551 that exerts a high effect, and share it with the other control device 50.
  • control device 50 may acquire control parameters using the learning model stored in the server 80 instead of using the learning model stored in its own device.
  • the parameter acquisition unit 564 transmits blood information to the server 80 via the first communication device 53.
  • the second processing device 83 of the server 80 receives blood information from the control device 50 via the second communication device 81, inputs it to the learning model 821 stored in the second storage device 82, and outputs it from the learning model 821. Get the control parameters.
  • the second processing device 83 transmits the acquired control parameters to the control device 50 via the second communication device 81, and the parameter acquisition unit 564 receives the control parameters from the server 80 via the first communication device 53. Get by doing.
  • the control device 50 can appropriately control the blood purification system 40 using the latest learning model 821 updated by the server 80.
  • the control device 50 can appropriately control the blood purification system 40 even when the communication connection with the server 80 is disconnected by using the learning model 551 stored in the own device.
  • the blood purification system 40 generates a learning model 551 based on the blood information about the blood flowing through the blood purification unit 14 and the control parameters of the blood purification unit 14, and uses the generated learning model 551. Controls the blood purification unit 14. As a result, the blood purification system 40 can learn, elucidate, and provide the optimum operating conditions by itself. Therefore, the blood purification system 40 can more stabilize the state of the blood flowing through the blood purification unit 14, and can more appropriately purify the blood.
  • blood information includes the degree of blood turbulence or blood vorticity.
  • the inventor has discovered that blood turbulence (a turbulent fluid with irregular and constantly fluctuating movements) and blood vorticity promote platelet production.
  • the degree of turbulence of blood and the degree of vorticity of blood are large, the fouling of the blood purification device 1 is likely to proceed.
  • the blood purification system 80 operates for several hours to several days and there is a limit to manual visual work and operation, it is difficult to manually obtain optimum conditions for the degree of blood turbulence and blood vorticity. be.
  • the blood purification system 40 can acquire optimum conditions for the degree of blood turbulence and blood vorticity, especially the optimum conditions that are difficult for humans to imagine, and the fau of the blood purification device 1 It is possible to further reduce the ring.
  • blood information includes the degree of heart murmur. If the degree of heart murmur is large, the efficiency of blood removal from the patient tends to deteriorate. According to a survey result, more than half of the patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease who use an in vitro blood treatment device such as blood purification device 1 answered that they have no symptoms. Myocardial infarction is particularly likely to occur during the first year of use of an in vitro blood processing device.
  • the blood purification system 40 can acquire optimal conditions for the degree of heart murmur, especially optimal conditions that are difficult for humans to imagine, and patients using the blood purification device 1 have ischemic heart disease. It is possible to reduce the possibility of causing a murmur. Further, since the blood purification system 80 has an electrocardiogram measuring device 41, it is possible to make the patient aware of ischemic heart disease.
  • control parameter includes the strength of the magnetic field applied to the blood in a predetermined direction. It is difficult to properly control the strength of the magnetic field because the strength of the magnetic field has a great influence on the blood flow even if it changes only slightly. In particular, when the strength of the magnetic field changes, the blood flow does not change immediately, but changes after a while, so it is difficult to appropriately control the strength of the magnetic field. Since the strength of the magnetic field requires delicate adjustment, it is difficult to obtain the optimum conditions by manual visual work and operation. By using machine learning, the blood purification system 40 can acquire optimum conditions for the strength of the magnetic field, particularly optimum conditions that are difficult for humans to imagine.
  • the inventor found that the optimum operating conditions can be obtained by providing the blood purification system 40 with a function of self-learning.
  • the blood purification system 40 elucidates the operating conditions capable of enhancing the antithrombotic property of the blood purification device 1 used for continuous hemodiafiltration, extending the lifetime, and reducing fouling. ⁇ It will be possible to provide.
  • the control device 50 can evaluate the performance of the blood purification device 1 while performing the filtrate and / or water removal in the blood purification unit 14, and can efficiently evaluate the performance of the blood purification device 1. Become. Further, the control device 50 can set the amount of filtrate, the amount of water removed, and the like in the blood purification unit 14, and can appropriately manage the operations of the plurality of pumps.
  • the blood purification system 40 can generate the learning model 551 with a simple configuration.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the learning process of the server 80 according to another embodiment.
  • the second data acquisition unit 831, the second generation unit 832, and the second output control unit 833 of the server 80 are examples of the data acquisition unit, the generation unit, and the output control unit, respectively.
  • the operation flow described below is mainly executed by the second processing device 83 in cooperation with each element of the server 80 based on the program stored in the second storage device 82 in advance.
  • the second data acquisition unit 831 acquires a plurality of combinations of blood information and control parameters by receiving them from the control device 50, that is, from the blood purification system 40 via the second communication device 81 (step S301). ).
  • the first data acquisition unit 561 of the control device 50 repeatedly executes the processes of steps S101 to S104 of FIG. 6 to acquire a plurality of combinations of blood information and control parameters, and transmits the first communication device 53 to the server 80.
  • the second data acquisition unit 831 acquires a plurality of combinations of blood information and control parameters by receiving them from the control device 50 via the second communication device 81.
  • the second data acquisition unit 831 may acquire a combination of blood information and control parameters by receiving it from a plurality of control devices 50, that is, from a plurality of blood purification systems 40. As a result, the second data acquisition unit 831 can efficiently acquire the learning data of the learning model 821.
  • the second generation unit 832 determines the reward corresponding to each combination of blood information and control parameters in the same manner as in the process of step S105 of FIG. 6 (step S302).
  • the second generation unit 832 acts in the same manner as in the process of step S106 of FIG. 6 based on the combination of blood information and control parameters and the set reward for each combination of blood information and control parameters.
  • the value function is updated (step S303).
  • the second generation unit 832 has a finally updated combination of Q (s, a) values (action value) (action value table) in the same manner as in the process of step S108 of FIG.
  • the learning model 821 is generated and stored in the second storage device 82 (step S304).
  • the second output control unit 833 outputs the learning model 821 generated by the second generation unit 832 by transmitting it to each control device 50 via the second communication device 81 (step S305), and a series of series. End the step.
  • the learning model 821 is an example of information about the learning model.
  • each control device 50 receives the learning model 821 from the server 80 via the first communication device 53, each control device 50 stores the received learning model 821 as the learning model 551 in the first storage device 55.
  • the blood purification system 40 can more appropriately purify the blood even when the server 80 generates the learning model 821.
  • the management system 100 enables the server 80 to centrally manage the learning models used by each blood purification system 40, and suppresses variations in the accuracy of the learning models used by each blood purification system 40. It becomes possible.
  • each control device 50 may acquire a plurality of combinations of blood information and control parameters from another control device 50, and may generate a learning model 551 using the acquired combinations.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the blood purification unit 14-2 according to still another embodiment.
  • the blood purification unit 14-2 has each part that the blood purification unit 14 has, and is used in place of the blood purification unit 14. However, in the blood purification unit 14-2, the replacement fluid line 12, the replacement fluid pump 13, the fourth pressure gauge 27, and the fourth flow meter 32 are omitted. Further, the dialysate line 10 is further connected to the blood return line 4, and the dialysate and / or the replacement fluid flowing out of the replacement fluid container 7 is sent to the blood return line 4 via the dialysate pump 11. The dialysate or replacement fluid can be transferred to the dialysate inlet 1a or the blood return line 4 via the dialysate pump 11 by, for example, a three-way valve (not shown).
  • the dialysate supplied from the replacement fluid container 7 is sent to the blood purification device 1 by the dialysate pump 11 through the dialysate line 10.
  • the dialysate sent to the blood purification device 1 flows in from the dialysate inlet 1a, passes through the outside of the hollow membrane body 1e, and dialysates with the liquid in the hollow membrane body 1e, while dialyzing the dialysate outlet 1b. Flows out to the filtrate line 8. Further, the replacement fluid supplied from the replacement fluid container 7 is sent to the blood return line 4 by the dialysate pump 11 through the dialysate line 10.
  • the dialysate and the liquid containing waste products, etc., that have flowed out to the filtrate line 8 are discharged to the outside of the unit by the filtrate pump 9.
  • the replacement fluid that has flowed out to the blood return line 4 is returned to the patient together with the blood.
  • the control device 50 controls the blood purification unit 14-2 in the same manner as when controlling the blood purification unit 14. However, when the blood purification unit 14-2 is used, the control parameter of the blood purification unit 14-2 does not include the driving amount of the replacement fluid pump 13. When the blood purification unit 14-3 is used, the replacement fluid pressure and the replacement fluid flow rate included in the blood information are measured by the third pressure gauge 26 and the third flow meter 31, respectively.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the blood purification unit 14-3 according to still another embodiment.
  • the blood purification unit 14-3 has each part that the blood purification unit 14 has, and is used in place of the blood purification unit 14. However, the blood purification unit 14-3 does not have the piping systems 33, 33', the (three-way) valves 34, 34', and the piping systems 35, 35', and instead has the blood bag 2, the resistance imparting member 6, and the blood purification unit 14-3. It has open / close ports 24, 24'and the like. Further, the filtrate line 8 is connected to the replacement fluid container 7, and the filtrate flowing out from the blood purification device 1 is sent to the replacement fluid container 7 via the filtrate pump 8.
  • the blood purification unit 14-3 utilizes the blood purification device 1 in a non-clinical environment that does not involve use for patients under almost the same conditions as in actual use in terms of blood flow, blood pressure, filtrate amount, or water removal amount. Used for The blood purification unit 14-3 can carry out comparative evaluation of the antithrombotic property, lifetime and other performances of the blood purification device 1 and fouling evaluation.
  • the blood purification unit 14-3 has a closed circuit in which the test liquid circulates and flows through the blood purification device 1 under non-contact with the atmosphere.
  • Human blood whole blood
  • the test liquid is not limited to this, and the test liquid is other liquid such as animal blood or artificial blood having a blood component similar to human blood. May be used.
  • the blood transfer line 3 and the blood return line 4 are connected via the blood bag 2.
  • the resistance imparting member 6 is provided on the blood return line 4.
  • the resistance-imparting member 6 may be provided in the blood feeding line 3 in place of or in addition to the blood return line 4.
  • the resistance-imparting member 6 is used to apply resistance to the blood feeding line 3 or the blood returning line 4 at the arrangement position to adjust the flow rate or pressure of the test liquid (blood) to the actual use environment.
  • the resistance-imparting member 6 functions as a vein model that simulates the peripheral resistance of the human body to impart squeezing resistance to the blood return line 4 and simulates the vein of the human body to adjust the flow of the test liquid.
  • a clamp capable of changing the magnitude of the force (resistance) applied to each line by driving a motor is used.
  • various other devices such as valves can be used.
  • the resistance applying member 6 is an example of a liquid control mechanism.
  • the drive device 15 further includes a motor for driving the resistance applying member 6.
  • the opening / closing ports 24 and 24' are a stopcock or the like that can switch between an open state that enables the supply or discharge of the test liquid to the blood supply line 3 and a closed state that makes it impossible to supply or discharge the test liquid. Consists of.
  • the blood purification unit 14-3 controls the temperature of the blood purification device 1, the blood bag 2, the replacement fluid container 7, and the entire blood purification unit 14-3 in order to keep the temperature of various liquids in the blood purification unit 14-3 constant. It is preferable to provide a constant temperature means.
  • the constant temperature means includes, for example, a water tank in which water is stored and a heater that maintains the water temperature in the water tank at a predetermined temperature.
  • the constant temperature means may have a heater that maintains a sealed space in which the entire blood purification unit 14-3 is housed at a predetermined temperature.
  • Each part of the blood purification unit 14-3 has the same differential pressure in order to simulate the influence of the differential pressure due to the height difference of each device provided in the liquid circuit in the blood purification unit 14 used at the time of actual hemofiltration. Is arranged so as to have a height difference that causes. Further, each part of the blood purification unit 14-3 is arranged in consideration of the influence of gravity due to the height difference thereof.
  • the blood pump 5 is located at the highest point.
  • the blood pump 5 is arranged at a height of about 600 mm to 700 mm from the device installation surface of the blood purification unit 14-3, which is the lowest point.
  • the blood purification device 1 is held so that the inlet side port 1c is on the upper side and the outlet side port 1d is on the lower side.
  • the upper end portion of the blood purification device 1 is arranged so as to be at a height position of about 400 mm to 500 mm from the device installation surface.
  • the control device 50 controls the blood purification unit 14-3 in the same manner as when controlling the blood purification unit 14.
  • the control parameter of the blood purification unit 14-3 includes the magnitude (resistance amount) of the resistance imparted by the resistance imparting member 6.
  • the blood information does not include the degree of heart murmur, the patient's blood pressure, the degree of hemolysis of the patient, the pulse, the blood pressure and the circulating blood flow.
  • the blood purification unit 14-3 it is possible to evaluate the antithrombotic property and / or lifetime of the blood purification device 1 by adjusting the respective amounts of the filtrate, dialysate and / or replacement fluid.
  • a test method for antithrombotic property evaluation and lifetime evaluation of the blood purification device 1 using the blood purification unit 14-3 will be described.
  • the blood purification device 1 to be tested is installed (set) in the blood purification unit 14-3, and then blood is filled in the blood supply line 3 and the blood return line 4 as a test liquid, and a dialysate or a replacement fluid is used. Is filled in the filtrate line 8, dialysate line 10 and replacement fluid line 12.
  • the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11, and the replacement fluid pump 13 are driven.
  • the blood to which the pulsatile flow is applied by the blood pump 5 under the same conditions as the actual usage environment passes through the blood pump 5 from the blood bag 2 and flows into the blood purification device 1 from the inlet side port 1c, and flows into the blood purification device 1 from the hollow membrane body 1e. Pass through.
  • the blood that has passed through the hollow fiber membrane body 1e is discharged from the outlet side port 1d to the blood return line 4.
  • the dialysate supplied from the replacement fluid container 7 passes through the dialysate pump 11, flows into the blood purification device 1 from the dialysate inlet 1a, passes outside the hollow membrane body 1e, and is inside the hollow membrane body 1e. While performing dialysis with the liquid, it flows out from the dialysate outlet 1b to the filtrate line 8. Further, the replacement fluid supplied from the replacement fluid container 7 passes through the replacement fluid pump 13 and is sent to the blood supply line 3 and the blood return line 4.
  • the replacement fluid sent to the blood supply line 3 flows into the blood purification device 1 from the inlet side port 1c, passes through the hollow fiber membrane 1e, and together with the liquid containing waste products, etc., from the dialysate outlet 1b to the filter fluid line 8. It is leaked.
  • the liquid containing dialysate, replacement fluid, waste products, and the like that has flowed out to the filtrate line 8 is returned to the replacement fluid container 7 by the filtrate pump 9.
  • the blood and replacement fluid that have flowed out to the blood return line 4 pass through the resistance-imparting member 6 and are returned to the blood bag 2.
  • the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11, and the replacement fluid pump 13 are continuously driven for a time corresponding to the actual usage environment (for example, about 3 hours to 3 days).
  • the flow meter 32 is periodically monitored, and data on changes over time such as an inlet pressure, an outlet pressure, or a differential pressure thereof of the blood purification device 1 is acquired.
  • the control device 50 can obtain the lifetime of the blood purification device 1 from the acquired data.
  • the blood pump 5 When the inlet pressure of the blood purification device 1 rises from the initial value (for example, 70 mmHg) to a predetermined value (for example, 150 mmHg), the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, and dialysis are performed even if the above-mentioned driving time has not elapsed.
  • the liquid pump 11 and the replacement fluid pump 13 are stopped, the test is completed, and the elapsed time (operating time) from the start of the test is also acquired as data.
  • blood flowing through the blood feeding line 3 is collected as a sample at predetermined time intervals, various components and the like are measured each time, and data on changes over time of the various components and the like are also acquired.
  • blood is discharged from the blood purification unit 14-3, and a fixing solution such as glutaraldehyde for fixing the thrombus formed in the hollow fiber membrane 1e is applied to the blood feeding line 3 and the blood return line 4. It is circulated within a predetermined time. At this time, the driving conditions of the blood pump 5, the filtrate pump 9, the dialysate pump 11, and the replacement fluid pump 13 are set to the same conditions as in the blood test.
  • the blood purification device 1 is taken out from the blood purification unit 14-3, and the antithrombotic property of the blood purification device 1 is evaluated with respect to the taken out blood purification device 1.
  • the evaluation test of the blood purification device 1 is carried out without contacting the atmosphere while maintaining the flow rate and pressure and the components of the test liquid in a desired state, and the non-clinical environment is not mediated by the patient. Underneath, a study that is almost identical to the actual environment of use through the patient is performed.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the blood purification unit 14-4 according to still another embodiment.
  • the blood purification unit 14-4 has each part of the blood purification unit 14-2 and is used in place of the blood purification unit 14-2. However, the blood purification unit 14-4 does not have the piping systems 33, 33', the (three-way) valves 34, 34', and the piping systems 35, 35', and instead has the blood bag 2, the resistance imparting member 6, and the blood purification unit 14-4. It has open / close ports 24, 24'and the like.
  • the blood bag 2, the resistance-imparting member 6, and the opening / closing ports 24, 24' have the same configuration as the blood bag 2, the resistance-imparting member 6, and the opening / closing ports 24, 24' possessed by the blood purification unit 14-3. ..
  • the blood purification unit 14-4 like the blood purification unit 14-3, has almost the same blood flow, blood pressure, filtrate amount or water removal amount as in actual use in a non-clinical environment without use for patients. It is used to utilize the blood purification device 1 under circumstances.
  • the control device 50 controls the blood purification unit 14-4 in the same manner as when controlling the blood purification unit 14-2.
  • the control parameter of the blood purification unit 14-4 includes the magnitude (resistance amount) of the resistance imparted by the resistance imparting member 6.
  • the blood information does not include the degree of heart murmur, the patient's blood pressure, the degree of hemolysis of the patient, the pulse, the blood pressure and the circulating blood flow.
  • the blood to which the pulsatile flow is applied by the blood pump 5 passes through the blood pump 5 from the blood bag 2 and flows into the blood purification device 1 from the inlet side port 1c to pass through the hollow fiber membrane body 1e. pass.
  • the blood that has passed through the hollow fiber membrane body 1e is discharged from the outlet side port 1d to the blood return line 4.
  • the dialysate supplied from the replacement fluid container 7 passes through the dialysate pump 11, flows into the blood purification device 1 from the dialysate inlet 1a, passes outside the hollow membrane body 1e, and is inside the hollow membrane body 1e. While performing dialysis with the liquid, it flows out from the dialysate outlet 1b to the filtrate line 8.
  • the replacement fluid supplied from the replacement fluid container 7 is sent to the blood return line 4 by the dialysate pump 11 through the dialysate line 10.
  • the dialysate and the liquid containing waste products, etc., that have flowed out to the filtrate line 8 are returned to the replacement fluid container 7 by the filtrate pump 9.
  • the blood and replacement fluid that have flowed out to the blood return line 4 pass through the resistance-imparting member 6 and are returned to the blood bag 2.
  • control device 50 and the blood purification unit 14 may be configured as an integrated device instead of a separate device.
  • each device of the blood purification unit 14 is directly connected to the CPU bus or the like of the control device 50, and transmits / receives information to / from the first processing device 56 of the control device 50 via the CPU bus or the like.
  • the learning model may be learned by a method other than reinforcement learning.
  • the learning model is pre-learned by supervised learning such as deep learning.
  • supervised learning such as deep learning.
  • the learning model is trained to output control parameters capable of stabilizing the blood state shown in each blood information when each blood information is input.
  • the learning model may be learned by unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, translation, multitask learning, or the like.
  • a blood purification device having an apheresis function may be used as the blood purification device 1.
  • a blood purification device that separates plasma components and cell components from blood and a device that separates factor components that cause diseases from the separated plasma components may be used in combination.
  • a device for separating a factor component causing a disease may be provided on the upstream side or the downstream side of the blood purification device 1 (dialyzer).
  • the blood purification system 40 may be used for the purpose of apheresis.
  • the blood purification system 40 is used for the purpose of apheresis, it is possible to elucidate and provide operating conditions capable of reducing the causative agent of a disease.
  • 1 blood purification device 3 blood feeding line, 4 blood return line, 5 blood pump, 6 resistance-imparting member, 7 replenisher container, 8 filter solution line, 9 filtrate pump, 10 dialysate line, 11 dialysate pump, 12 replenisher line , 13 Replenishment pump, 14, 14-2, 14-3, 14-4 Blood purification unit, 21-23 1st pressure gauge, 25 2nd pressure gauge, 26 3rd pressure gauge, 27 4th pressure gauge, 28, 29 1st flow meter, 30 2nd flow meter, 31 3rd flow meter, 32 4th flow meter, 40 blood purification system, 50 control device, 53 1st communication device, 55 1st storage device, 551 learning model, 561 1st data acquisition unit, 562 1st generation unit, 563 1st output control unit, 564 parameter acquisition unit, 565 control unit, 80 server, 81 2nd communication device, 821 learning model, 831 2nd data acquisition unit, 832th 2 generator, 833 second output control unit

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PCT/JP2021/014033 2020-03-31 2021-03-31 血液浄化システム、制御方法、制御プログラム、学習装置及び学習方法 Ceased WO2021201172A1 (ja)

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EP21780375.8A EP4129354A4 (en) 2020-03-31 2021-03-31 BLOOD PURIFICATION SYSTEM, CONTROL METHOD, CONTROL PROGRAM, LEARNING DEVICE AND LEARNING METHOD
JP2022512665A JP7679358B2 (ja) 2020-03-31 2021-03-31 血液浄化システム、制御方法、制御プログラム、学習装置及び学習方法
US17/915,288 US20230138912A1 (en) 2020-03-31 2021-03-31 Blood purification system, controlling method, controlling program, learning device, and learning method
CN202180026030.8A CN115348877A (zh) 2020-03-31 2021-03-31 血液净化系统、控制方法、控制程序、学习装置以及学习方法
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