WO2021195733A1

WO2021195733A1 - Arrangement applied to an artificial chamber for simulating cornea transplant surgery

Info

Publication number: WO2021195733A1
Application number: PCT/BR2021/050134
Authority: WO
Inventors: Leiser Franco De MORAES FILHO
Original assignee: Moraes Filho Leiser Franco De
Priority date: 2020-04-01
Filing date: 2021-04-01
Publication date: 2021-10-07
Also published as: BR202020006584U2

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement applied to an artificial chamber for simulating cornea transplant surgery comprising a base (2) that is initially circular (3) with a lateral thread (4) in a first stage; a tensing ring (7) that is designed to fit the base (2) and that is consequently initially circular (8) with an internal thread (9) that is compatible with the lateral thread (4), thereby forming the artificial chamber (1) for cornea transplant surgery training, characterized in that the base (2) has a conical shape (5) from the lateral thread (4) converging in a central cylindrical depression (6); and in that a tensing ring (7) has a conical shape (10) from the internal thread (9) of the same radius as the conical shape (5) leading to a circular hollow (11) that leaves the central cylindrical depression (6), where the exposed human cornea (12) is placed.

Description

PROVISION APPLIED IN ARTIFICIAL CHAMBER FOR SIMULATION OF CORNEA TRANSPLANTATION SURGERY

Introduction

[0001] The present patent application for a Utility Model of an unprecedented PROVISION APPLIED IN AN ARTIFICIAL CHAMBER FOR CORNEA TRANSPLANTATION SURGERY SIMULATION, consists of a base that derives from circular to conical ending in a concave depression, the conical part suitable to perfectly receive and accommodate a human cornea on its surface, which cornea is kept properly positioned and static with the superposition of a tension ring threaded to the aforementioned base.

Application field

[0002] The present innovation is used in the training segment of ophthalmologic surgeries, more specifically of anterior lamellar corneal transplantation and its different techniques: tissue dissection, superficial lamellar, big bublee.

State of the art

[0003] A surgeon still inexperienced until reaching a technical level of excellence in a given procedure, in this specific case in corneal transplant surgery, and its different techniques, has a limited number of options to learn and practice. A priori two options are available: in vitro practice using the eye of an animal, usually the pig, or on a patient during actual surgery, however, there are limitations to both options. The animal's eye in a preserved state may not have the surgical characteristics of a living human patient's eye, and using the eye surgery patient as a laboratory to learn new skills or experiment with new instruments is not desirable.

[0004] There is, therefore, a need to develop training technologies that simulate surgical characteristics of the human eye, especially those characteristics relevant to surgeries that require incisions such as those needed in corneal transplantation and its different techniques. [0005] The current state of the art anticipates patent documents for devices for simulating ophthalmic surgeries, such as document US6589057 B1 "incision trainer for ophthalmoiogicaí surgery" - in particular, the present invention provides a practice of the cornea simulating dimensional, geometric and mechanics of a human cornea. In one embodiment, it is formed by a base, an artificial cornea and a mounted housing so that the artificial cornea protrudes through the upper portion of the housing. The upper surface of the limb is machined in dimensions and angulations to simulate an artificial iris. The illustrated embodiment also shows a grip flange provided to facilitate user manipulation of the simulation system and further adapted to facilitate assembly of the housing to cover the base.

[0006] The above device is suitable for training the practice of incisions in the cornea, however it is specific for the surgical practice in artificial corneas that, in no way, can reproduce the characteristics of a human cornea, to the detriment of the surgeon's training . Constructively, the region of the device for receiving the cornea, due to the lack of angulation, does not allow its use in human corneas, which, due to their plasticity and fragility, if positioned there, would suffer damage by contact. Another inconvenience of the device presented in this above is the constructive complexity, given the various edges and/or unevenness, in addition to the excessive use of material mainly to obtain the gripping flange.

[0007] Document FR2779943 B1 "Artificial chamber for the excision of a cornea graft" - refers to an artificial chamber intended to receive a corneal-scleral disc removed from a donor, for removal through the epithelial face to form a graft. a base, a corneal support sliding by the base by means of a vertical axis, which has a head provided with a central concavity and a conical upper face, from which emerge at least one feed opening and a fixing ring of the support. cornea.

[0008] Although the superficial chamber of the French anteriority was intended to receive a corneal-scleral disc taken from a donor, it can be noted that its part superior presents the ideal contour for the conditioning of human corneas, exactly the same contour claimed in the present application.

[0009] The document CN203107412 U “Multifunctiona l ophthaímostaf - is used to fix the eyeballs of donors for corneal transplantation, in addition to training in ophthalmological operations and study of eyeballs. The multifunctional ophthalmostat consists of a base and a screw cap. The base is a cylindrical body, the outer wall of the base is serrated, and a concave semi-spherical body is disposed within the base. A sclerotic base curve and a corneal base curve are arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the concave body, respectively, and the sclerotic base curve and the corneal base curve are identical to a sclerotic eyeball and a cornea in curvature, respectively.

[0010] The Chinese document is suitable for use with the eyeball.

Innovation goals

[0011] The objective of this innovation is to propose an artificial chamber, which enables the surgeon in training to improve their skills, using a means of real simulation of the real environment of a corneal transplant surgery and its different techniques. Human corneas are duly ordered in eye banks, which supply those not suitable for human beings;

[0012] It is the objective of this innovation to propose an artificial chamber, capable of offering training to professionals in corneal transplant surgery, and its different techniques, at low cost.

[0013] It is the objective of this innovation to propose an artificial chamber for corneal surgery and its different techniques with an excellent cost-benefit ratio.

Innovation Summary

[0014] THE ARTIFICIAL CHAMBER ARRANGEMENT FOR CORNEA TRANSPLANTATION SURGERY SIMULATION deals with an artificial chamber that presents a base with a lateral thread with an initially circular elevation that progresses to a conical wall ending in an equally cylindrical central depression, complemented by a second piece called the tension ring of conical shape with a central hole fixed by means of a lateral thread to the aforementioned base, thus fixing the human cornea that fits perfectly to the conical wall.

[0015] In possession and with the artificial chamber mounted, the surgeon in training will be able to practice different techniques of corneal transplantation, namely:

[0016] Penetrating technique - in this technique the entire cornea is changed. For this, a donor cornea is trepanned (cut to a perfect circumference of about 8 mm in diameter) throughout its entire thickness, as is the recipient cornea. The donor cornea is placed in place of the recipient cornea and sixteen separate sutures are made with 10.0 nylon thread. Continuous sutures can also be made in this technique. [0017] In this context, the artificial chamber claimed here allows the assembly of a real cornea of a human being, maintaining its characteristics by the fact that it fits perfectly to the conical part of the base of said artificial chamber.

[0018] Anterior lamellar technique - in this technique the cornea is not trepanned throughout its thickness, the posterior part of the cornea is preserved. The donor cornea is sutured, likewise preserving the posterior part of the recipient cornea. Likewise, the artificial chamber claimed here allows the assembly of a real cornea of a human being, maintaining its characteristics by the fact that it fits perfectly to the conical part of the base of said artificial chamber.

Description of figures

[0019] Following, the figures are presented to better explain the patent application in an illustrative and non-limiting way:

Figure 1: Exploded perspective view of the arrangement applied in an artificial chamber for simulating corneal transplant surgery;

Figure 2: Perspective view of the base of the arrangement applied in an artificial chamber to simulate corneal transplant surgery;

Figure 3: Perspective view of the tension ring of the arrangement applied in an artificial chamber to simulate corneal transplant surgery, with inverted detail; Figure 4: Perspective view of the step of positioning the human cornea on the conical part of the base of the arrangement applied in an artificial chamber to simulate corneal transplant surgery;

Figure 5: Perspective view of the arrangement applied in an artificial chamber to simulate corneal transplant surgery, mounted with the human cornea;

Figure 6: of the arrangement applied in an artificial chamber to simulate corneal transplant surgery, assembled with the human cornea.

Detailed description of the innovation

[0020] The "PROVISION APPLIED IN ARTIFICIAL CHAMBER FOR CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION SURGERY SIMULATION", object of this utility model patent application, consists of an artificial chamber (1) for training in corneal transplant surgery, composed of a base (2) and a wall that takes a conical outline (5) converging in a central cylindrical depression (6), complemented by a tension ring (7) with a conical outline (10) ending in a circular hollow (11) that leaves the central depression (6) cylindrical, where the exposed human cornea (12) is superimposed, thus configuring the innovated artificial chamber (1). [0021] More particularly, it deals with an artificial chamber (1) for training in corneal transplant surgery, and its different techniques, which comprises a base (2), initially circular (3), which in a first step has a thread lateral (4) from which the wall takes a conical outline (5) converging in a central cylindrical depression (6). Complements the claimed artificial chamber a tension ring (7), concordant for the fit with the base (2), being initially circular (8) with internal thread (9) compatible with the lateral thread (4), from which it takes a conical outline (10), of the same radius as the conical outline (5), ending in a circular hollow (11) that leaves the central depression (6) cylindrical, where it is superimposed on the human cornea (12), showing, configuring, thus, the artificial chamber (1) for training in corneal transplant surgery.

[0022] With the artificial chamber (1) for training in innovative corneal transplant surgery, it is possible for a surgeon in training to mount a human cornea (12), simply, as illustrated in Figure 4, to position it over the central depression (6) cylindrical so that the perimeter and/or edge (13) of said human cornea (12) overlaps on the conical delineated wall (5) of the base (2), thus avoiding any type of damage to it by contact, in addition to reproducing, in this simulation, the reality as it is in a surgical environment of this type of procedure. [0023] With the human cornea (12) superimposed on the conical delineation wall (5), the surgeon in training threads the tension ring (7) into the base (2), since, as already mentioned, the lateral thread (4 ) and the internal thread (9) are compatible. As the tension ring (7) presents the circular hollow (11), concentric to the central depression (6) cylindrical, the human cornea (12) remains on display for the training. [0024] Because the human cornea (12) fits perfectly to the conical wall (5), and because of the proper closure between the base (2) and the tension ring

(7) an internal pressure is obtained, between the central cylindrical depression (6), to the human cornea (12), which presses this cornea upwards, making the simulation of the corneal transplant surgery even more real.

[0025] With the proper assembly of the human cornea (12) in the artificial chamber (1) for training in innovative corneal transplant surgery, the surgeon will be able to learn and practice different techniques, such as the penetrating technique in which the entire cornea is changed. For this, a donor cornea is trepanned (cut to a perfect circumference of about 8 mm in diameter) throughout its entire thickness, as is the recipient cornea. The donor cornea is placed in place of the recipient cornea and sixteen sutures are placed. Or the anterior lamellar technique in which only the anterior part of the human cornea positioned in the artificial chamber (1) is trepanned.

[0026] The present innovation is intended to cover all alternatives and variations, modifications and equivalents that may be included in this artificial chamber (1) for training in corneal transplant surgery when a distancing from the proposed inventive concept is not noticeable.

Claims

CLAIM

1) DISPOSITION APPLIED IN AN ARTIFICIAL CHAMBER FOR SIMULATION OF CORNEA TRANSPLANTATION SURGERY, comprising a base (2), initially circular (3), which in a first step has a lateral thread (4); a tension ring (7), concordant for fitting with the base (2), being initially circular (8) with internal thread (9) compatible with the lateral thread (4), thus configuring the artificial chamber (1) for corneal transplant surgery training characterized by the base (2), starting from the lateral thread (4), taking a conical outline (5) converging in a central cylindrical depression (6); a tension ring (7), from the internal thread (9), takes a conical outline (10), of the same radius as the conical outline (5), ending in a circular hollow (11) that leaves the central depression (6) cylindrical , where it is superimposed on the human cornea (12), exposed.