WO2021190004A1

WO2021190004A1 - Personnel positioning system and risk assessment method in foundation pit construction

Info

Publication number: WO2021190004A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/138500
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张立业; 李兴盛; 姜谙男; 薛永锋; 侯拉平; 蒋腾飞; 华波; 李玉宏; 王传嘉; 沙千里; 卢迪; 杜华林; 刘杨; 何一韬; 宋业华; 孙华东
Original assignee: 中铁一局集团第二工程有限公司; 中铁大连地铁五号线有限公司
Priority date: 2020-03-25
Filing date: 2020-12-23
Publication date: 2021-09-30
Also published as: JP7394412B2; CN111307110A; JP2023518897A

Abstract

A personnel positioning system and a risk assessment method in foundation pit construction. The system comprises: a plurality of ground surface settlement detection units (1) provided on the ground surface (6) of a foundation pit and a plurality of personnel positioning units (2) provided on the side wall of the foundation pit. Each ground surface settlement detection unit (1) comprises: a ground surface settlement detector (1.1) and a data acquisition module (1.2), and each personnel positioning unit (2) comprises: a box body (2.1), an information acquisition module (2.2) and a transmitting antenna (2.3); the data acquisition module (1.2) receives ground surface settlement information acquired by the ground surface settlement detector (1.1), the information acquisition module (2.2) receives the ground surface settlement information sent by the data acquisition module (1.2) and acquires personnel location information by means of personnel identification cards (2.4), and the transmitting antenna (2.3) sends the ground surface settlement information and the personnel location information to a remote server. Unified management of the personnel location information and the ground surface settlement information is achieved by combining the personnel positioning units (2) and the ground surface settlement detection units (1), and the problem that personnel positioning is difficult when danger occurs in the foundation pit engineering construction process is avoided.

Description

Personnel positioning system and risk assessment method in foundation pit construction

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of personnel positioning in a foundation pit, and in particular to a personnel positioning system and a risk assessment method in the construction of a foundation pit.

Background technique

In the process of foundation pit construction, personnel safety management is always an important part of the construction process of foundation pit engineering. The construction site of foundation pit is open, the process is complicated, and workers of various types of work cross-work. It is difficult for management personnel to know the location of each worker in time, which leads to the actual construction process. Difficulties in personnel management often arise in the process. When a certain project location is about to be in danger, it is impossible to immediately determine which construction personnel are in the dangerous area, and it is impossible to achieve targeted early warning of project risks.

On the other hand, the main risk in the process of foundation pit construction comes from the inclination and deformation of the sidewall of the foundation pit, and the intuitive reflection of this risk is the settlement and deformation of the surrounding ground. In the traditional construction process, the surface deformation is generally monitored by manual measurement. This method has high cost and low measurement frequency and accuracy, which cannot achieve the purpose of effective safety management of foundation pit engineering.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a personnel positioning system in foundation pit construction to overcome the above technical problems.

The invention provides a personnel positioning system in the construction of a foundation pit, which includes: a ground settlement detection unit arranged on the surface of the foundation pit and a person and positioning unit arranged on the sidewall of the foundation pit;

The surface settlement detection unit includes: a surface settlement detection instrument and a data acquisition module;

The personnel positioning unit includes: a box body, an information acquisition module and a transmitting antenna; the box body is fixed on the side wall of the foundation pit, the information acquisition module is arranged in the box body, and the transmitting antenna is fixed on the box body outside;

The data collection module receives the land subsidence information collected by the land subsidence detector, the information collection module receives the land subsidence information sent by the data collection module, and collects personnel location information through the personnel identification card; the transmitting antenna The surface subsidence information and personnel location information are sent to a remote server, which analyzes the surface subsidence information and personnel location information in different areas, and sends an early warning signal to the foundation pit when there is an abnormal surface subsidence.

Further, the remote server includes:

A sample data calculation unit that can obtain sample data for evaluating the risk level of a target location, where the target location is the location of each group of ground settlement detection units and the personnel positioning unit; the sample data includes: personnel’s The number, the distance between multiple persons and the target location, the average distance, the minimum distance, and the information of land subsidence, the average distance and the minimum distance are calculated from multiple distances; the number of all identification cards recognized by the personnel positioning unit is said The number of personnel; the personnel positioning unit obtains the distances between multiple personnel and the target position;

The mapping sample forming unit can obtain the risk level according to the number of personnel, the average distance, the minimum distance, and the information of the land subsidence, and form a mapping sample for calculating the risk level. The mapping matrix is expressed as:

Denoted as X→Y

Among them, x _m1 is the number of people, x _m2 is the average distance, and x _m3 is the minimum distance; m is the number of samples; x _(m,l+3) is the land subsidence information at the target location, and l is the number of land subsidence information at the target historical location ; Y _m is the risk level;

A modeling unit, which can model Y using a nonlinear mapping process, assuming that the Y value corresponding to X obeys a normal distribution, and the model is as follows:

Denoted as Y～N(μ,K)

Among them, μ ₁ , μ ₂ ,...μ _{m are} the mean vector of the joint normal distribution, and k _ml in the above matrix is the coefficient matrix of y, which is solved by the following function:

in,

σ _f is a constant coefficient;

The risk level evaluation unit can obtain the risk level of the target location, and the risk level of the target location is established by establishing _{a joint distribution of the risk level y*} and the sample data to obtain the following equation:

Denoted as

Combining formula (1), obtain the distribution parameters of _{risk assessment level y *:}

y _* ～N(μ _* ,σ _* )

in,

Get the risk level of the target location.

Further, the surface settlement detection unit further includes: a special-shaped steel plate; the free end of the special-shaped steel plate is fixed on the ground surface of the foundation pit, the middle of the special-shaped steel plate is raised, and the raised portion faces upward, and the ground subsidence detector is connected with The protruding part is fixedly connected to the outside; the protruding part forms a containing cavity with the surface of the foundation pit, and the data collection module is arranged in the containing cavity and is fixedly connected to the convex part to the inside.

Further, it further includes: a clamping piece used to prevent the box body from colliding with the side wall of the foundation pit and a rubber ball; the clamping piece includes a support fixed on the side wall of the foundation pit and The fixing part of the body back plate; the fixing part is snap-connected with the supporting part;

The rubber ball is fixedly connected with the back plate of the box body.

Further, the support member is a Z-shaped structure in which a first steel plate, a second steel plate and a third steel plate are connected end to end in turn, the first steel plate is fixed on the side wall of the foundation pit, and the end of the third steel plate faces superior;

The fixing member is welded by a fourth steel plate and a fifth steel plate at an acute angle, the fourth steel plate is fixedly connected to the box back plate, and the fifth steel plate is inserted into the third steel plate and the side of the foundation pit. Between the walls.

Further, the surface settlement detector is a static level, the data collection module is a ZigBee data module, and the information collection module is a ZigBee information collection module.

Further, there are multiple ground settlement detection units and the person positioning units; the distance between adjacent ground settlement detection units is not more than 20 meters, and the distance between adjacent people positioning units is not more than 10 meters.

A risk assessment method applied to the above system, including:

S1: Obtain sample data used to evaluate the risk level of a target location, where the target location is the location of each group of ground settlement detection units and the personnel positioning unit; the sample data includes: the number of personnel, multiple personnel The distance to the target location and the information of surface subsidence, and the average distance and the minimum distance calculated from multiple distances;

The number of all identification cards recognized by the person positioning unit is the number of persons; the person positioning unit obtains the distances between multiple persons and the target position;

S2: Obtain the risk level according to the number of personnel, average distance, minimum distance, and surface settlement information, and form a mapping sample for calculating the risk level. The mapping matrix is expressed as:

Denoted as X→Y

S3: Assuming that the Y value corresponding to X obeys a normal distribution, the nonlinear mapping process is used to model Y:

Denoted as Y～N(μ,K)

Among them, μ ₁ , μ ₂ ,...μ _{m are} the mean vector of the joint normal distribution, and k _m l in the above matrix is the coefficient matrix of y, which is solved by the following function:

in,

σ _f is a constant coefficient;

S4: Establish a risk level y _* and establish a joint distribution with the sample:

Denoted as

y _* ～N(μ _* ,σ _* )

in,

Get the risk level of the target location.

Through the personnel positioning unit and the surface settlement detection unit, the present invention realizes the unified management of the personnel position information and the surface settlement information, and avoids difficult problems such as difficulty in positioning the personnel when the danger occurs during the construction of the foundation pit.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a personnel positioning unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ground settlement detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the personnel positioning unit and the ground settlement detection unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive risk level evaluation process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a personnel positioning system in the construction of a foundation pit. As shown in FIG. 1, it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention. And positioning unit 2; as shown in FIG. 3, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surface settlement detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; the surface settlement detection unit 1 includes: a surface settlement detector 1.1 and a data acquisition module 1.2; the surface settlement detector 1.1 It is a static level, and the data acquisition module 1.2 is a ZigBee data module; as shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the personnel positioning unit according to the embodiment of the present invention; the personnel positioning unit 2 includes: a cabinet 2.1, an information acquisition module 2.2 and Transmitting antenna 2.3; the box 2.1 is fixed to the side wall of the foundation pit by bolts, the information acquisition module 2.2 is fixed in the box 2.1 by bolts, and the transmitting antenna 2.3 is fixed outside the box 2.1, And connected with the information collection module 2.2 through a wire; the information collection module 2.2 is a ZigBee information collection module;

The data collection module 1.2 receives the land subsidence information collected by the land subsidence detector 1.1, and the information collection module 2.2 receives the land subsidence information sent by the data collection module 1.2, and collects personnel location information through the personnel identification card 2.4 The transmitting antenna 2.3 sends surface settlement information and personnel location information to a remote server, the remote server analyzes the surface settlement information and personnel location information in different areas, and when there is an abnormal surface settlement, it sends out an alarm device in the foundation pit Early warning signals, such as sound and light alarms.

Further, the surface settlement detection unit 1 further includes: a special-shaped steel plate 1.3; the free-end of the special-shaped steel plate 1.3 is fixed to the ground surface of the foundation pit by bolts, the special-shaped steel plate 1.3 is convex in the middle, and the convex part faces upwards. The surface settlement detector 1.1 is fixedly connected with the raised part by bolts toward the outside; the raised part forms a containing cavity with the ground surface of the foundation pit, and the data collection module 1.2 is arranged in the containing cavity and is connected with The protruding part is fixedly connected to the inside to protect the data collection module 1.2 from the wind and the sun and damage it.

The remote server includes:

Denoted as X→Y

Denoted as Y～N(μ,K)

in,

σ _f is a constant coefficient;

Denoted as

y _* ～N(μ _* ,σ _* )

in,

Get the risk level of the target location.

Specifically, the surface settlement detection unit 1 detects the settlement information on the surface of the foundation pit, and sends the settlement information on the surface of the foundation pit to the data collection module 1.2 through the ZigBee protocol, that is, the Zigbee protocol, and the data collection module 1.2 sends the settlement information on the surface of the foundation pit. To the information collection module 2.2 Zigbee protocol has the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, support for a large number of online nodes, low complexity, fast, reliable, and safe. It is powerful for the open foundation pit environment and multiple monitoring settings; at the same time; The information collection module 2.2 identifies the specific location of the constructor by identifying the identification card 2.4 carried by the constructor (the information in this section is recognized as prior art, and will not be repeated in this application); the information collection module 2.2 identifies the location of the foundation pit The settlement information and personnel location information are sent to the remote server through the transmitting antenna 2.3. The remote server makes predictions on the settlement information of the foundation pit surface at different locations, and judges the dangerous occurrence area. After the dangerous occurrence area is determined, the construction personnel in the area will be notified Make an emergency evacuation.

Further, it also includes: a clamping member 3 and a rubber ball 4 for preventing the box body 1 from colliding with the side wall 5 of the foundation pit; as shown in FIG. The installation position of the settlement detection unit is intended; the clamping member 3 includes a supporting member 3.1 fixed on the side wall 5 of the foundation pit by bolts and a fixing member 3.2 fixed on the back plate of the box 2.1; the fixing member 3.2 and the The supporting member 3.1 is snap-connected; the supporting member 3.1 is a Z-shaped structure formed by the first steel plate 3.1.1, the second steel plate 3.1.2 and the third steel plate 3.1.3 which are connected end to end in turn, the first steel plate 3.1.1 It is fixed to the side wall 5 of the foundation pit, and the end of the third steel plate 3.1.3 faces upward; the fixing member 3.2 is welded at an acute angle from the fourth steel plate 3.2.1 and the fifth steel plate 3.2.2. The fourth steel plate 3.2.1 is fixedly connected to the back plate of the box 2.1, and the fifth steel plate 3.2.2 is inserted between the third steel plate 3.1.3 and the side wall 5 of the foundation pit.

The rubber ball 4 is fixedly connected with the back plate of the box body 2.1 to separate the back plate of the box body 2.1 from the side wall 5 of the foundation pit to prevent collisions, damage the box body, and prolong its service life.

Further, in order to be able to accurately detect the location information of the construction personnel, there are multiple ground settlement detection units 1 and the personnel positioning unit 2; the distance between adjacent ground settlement detection units 1 is not more than 20 meters, and the adjacent personnel The distance between the positioning units 2 is not more than 10 meters, which ensures that the entire foundation pit is within the detection range and further ensures the safety of construction personnel.

The present invention also provides a risk assessment method applied in the above system, including:

S1: Obtain sample data used to evaluate the risk level of the target location, where the target location is the location of each group of ground subsidence detection units and the personnel positioning unit; the sample data includes: the number of personnel, multiple personnel The distance to the target location and the information of surface subsidence, and the average distance and the minimum distance calculated from multiple distances;

Specifically, the distance between the person and the target location can be expressed as:

Among them, the RSSI (signal strength) value is a value that can be actually measured, which can be regarded as a known value; the values of A and n are affected by the working environment of the personnel positioning unit and need to be obtained through on-site testing (this part is the prior art, this application No longer). At the foundation pit construction site, the RSSI value of the target location is collected, and then the A and n values can be obtained according to the linear regression method, and then the distance between the person and the target location can be obtained.

The personnel positioning unit will automatically count the number of effective RSSIs near each target location, that is, the number of personnel, and calculate the average and minimum distances between all effective personnel and the target location.

Denoted as X→Y

Denoted as Y～N(μ,K)

in,

σ _f is a constant coefficient;

Denoted as

y _* ～N(μ _* ,σ _* )

in,

Obtain the risk level of the target location, as shown in Figure 5, which is specifically the first-level risk, the second-level risk, the third-level risk, the fourth-level risk, and the fifth-level risk.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Scope.

Claims

A personnel positioning system in foundation pit construction, which is characterized by comprising: multiple ground settlement detection units (1) arranged on the ground surface (6) of the foundation pit and multiple personnel positioning units (2) arranged on the side walls of the foundation pit ；

The surface settlement detection unit (1) includes: a surface settlement detector (1.1) and a data acquisition module (1.2);

The personnel positioning unit (2) includes: a box (2.1), an information acquisition module (2.2), and a transmitting antenna (2.3); the box (2.1) is fixed on the sidewall of the foundation pit, and the information acquisition module (2.2) ) Is arranged in the box (2.1), and the transmitting antenna (2.3) is fixed outside the box (2.1);

The data collection module (1.2) receives the ground subsidence information collected by the ground subsidence detector (1.1), and the information collection module (2.2) receives the ground subsidence information sent by the data collection module (1.2), and passes it through personnel The identification card (2.4) collects personnel location information; the transmitting antenna (2.3) sends the land subsidence information and personnel location information to a remote server, and the remote server analyzes the land subsidence information and personnel location information in different areas. When the ground subsidence is abnormal, an early warning signal is sent to the foundation pit.
The system according to claim 1, wherein the remote server comprises:

A sample data calculation unit that can obtain sample data for evaluating the risk level of a target location, where the target location is the location of each group of ground settlement detection units and the personnel positioning unit; the sample data includes: personnel’s The number, the distance between multiple persons and the target location, the average distance, the minimum distance, and the information of land subsidence, the average distance and the minimum distance are calculated from multiple distances; the number of all identification cards recognized by the personnel positioning unit is said The number of personnel; the personnel positioning unit obtains the distances between multiple personnel and the target position;

The mapping sample forming unit can obtain the risk level according to the number of people, the average distance, the minimum distance, and the information of land subsidence, and form a mapping sample for calculating the risk level. The mapping matrix is expressed as:

Denoted as X→Y

Among them, x m1 is the number of people, x m2 is the average distance, and x m3 is the minimum distance; m is the number of samples; x (m,l+3) is the land subsidence information at the target location, and l is the number of land subsidence information at the target historical location ; Y m is the risk level;

A modeling unit, which can model Y using a nonlinear mapping process, assuming that the Y value corresponding to X obeys a normal distribution, and the model is as follows:

Denoted as Y～N(μ,K)

Among them, μ 1 , μ 2 ,...μ m are the mean vector of the joint normal distribution, and k ml in the above matrix is the coefficient matrix of y, which is solved by the following function:

in,
σ f is a constant coefficient;

The risk level evaluation unit can obtain the risk level of the target location, and the risk level of the target location is established by establishing a joint distribution of the risk level y* and the sample data to obtain the following equation:

Denoted as

Combining formula (1), obtain the distribution parameters of risk assessment level y *:

y * ～N(μ * ,σ * )

in,
Get the risk level of the target location.
The system according to claim 1, wherein the surface settlement detection unit (1) further comprises: a special-shaped steel plate (1.3); the free end of the special-shaped steel plate (1.3) is fixed on the ground surface of the foundation pit, and the special-shaped steel plate (1.3) The middle bulge forms a bulge, and the bulge faces upward, and the surface settlement detector (1.1) is fixedly connected with the bulge toward the outside; the bulge is connected to the ground surface of the foundation pit. An accommodating cavity is formed, and the data acquisition module (1.2) is arranged in the accommodating cavity and fixedly connected with the protrusion.
The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises: a clip (3) and a rubber ball (4) for preventing the box body (1) from colliding with the side wall (5) of the foundation pit The clamping member (3) includes a supporting member (3.1) fixed on the side wall (5) of the foundation pit and a fixing member (3.2) fixed on the back plate of the box body (2.1); the fixing member (3.2) ) Is snap-connected to the support (3.1);

The rubber ball (4) is fixedly connected with the back plate of the box body (2.1).
The system according to claim 4, characterized in that the support (3.1) is connected end to end by a first steel plate (3.1.1), a second steel plate (3.1.2) and a third steel plate (3.1.3) in turn In the Z-shaped structure, the first steel plate (3.1.1) is fixed on the side wall (5) of the foundation pit, and the end of the third steel plate (3.1.3) faces upward;

The fixing member (3.2) is welded by a fourth steel plate (3.2.1) and a fifth steel plate (3.2.2) at an acute angle, and the fourth steel plate (3.2.1) is connected to the back of the box body (2.1). The plates are fixedly connected, and the fifth steel plate (3.2.2) is inserted between the third steel plate (3.1.3) and the side wall (5) of the foundation pit.
The system according to claim 1, wherein the ground settlement detector (1.1) is a static level, the data acquisition module (1.2) is a ZigBee data module, and the information acquisition module (2.2) is a ZigBee Information collection module.
The system according to claim 1, characterized in that there are a plurality of said ground settlement detection units (1) and said personnel positioning units (2); the distance between adjacent ground settlement detection units (1) is not more than 20 meters, The distance between adjacent personnel positioning units (2) is not more than 10 meters.
A method for risk assessment in foundation pit construction, which is characterized in that it includes:

S1: Obtain sample data used to evaluate the risk level of the target location, where the target location is the location of each group of ground subsidence detection units and the personnel positioning unit; the sample data includes: the number of personnel, multiple personnel The distance to the target location, the average distance, the minimum distance and the information on the surface subsidence, the average distance and the minimum distance are calculated from multiple distances;

The number of all identification cards recognized by the person positioning unit is the number of persons; the person positioning unit obtains the distances between multiple persons and the target position;

S2: Obtain the risk level according to the number of personnel, average distance, minimum distance, and surface settlement information, and form a mapping sample for calculating the risk level. The mapping matrix is expressed as:

Denoted as X→Y

Among them, x m1 is the number of people, x m2 is the average distance, and x m3 is the minimum distance; m is the number of samples; x (m,l+3) is the land subsidence information at the target location, and l is the number of land subsidence information at the target historical location ; Y m is the risk level;

S3: Assuming that the Y value corresponding to X obeys a normal distribution, the nonlinear mapping process is used to model Y:

Denoted as Y～N(μ,K)

Among them, μ 1 , μ 2 ,...μ m are the mean vector of the joint normal distribution, and k mn in the above matrix is the coefficient matrix of y, which is solved by the following function:

in,
σ f is a constant coefficient;

S4: Establish a risk level y * and establish a joint distribution with the sample:

Denoted as

Combining formula (1), obtain the distribution parameters of risk assessment level y *:

y * ～N(μ * ,σ * )

in,
Get the risk level of the target location.