WO2021189598A1 - 肋软骨切片器 - Google Patents

肋软骨切片器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021189598A1
WO2021189598A1 PCT/CN2020/088157 CN2020088157W WO2021189598A1 WO 2021189598 A1 WO2021189598 A1 WO 2021189598A1 CN 2020088157 W CN2020088157 W CN 2020088157W WO 2021189598 A1 WO2021189598 A1 WO 2021189598A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
costal cartilage
block
chuck
thickness
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/088157
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龙成云
Original Assignee
上海云茜医疗器械有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海云茜医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 上海云茜医疗器械有限公司
Publication of WO2021189598A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021189598A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4644—Preparation of bone graft, bone plugs or bone dowels, e.g. grinding or milling bone material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to surgical instruments, in particular to a costal cartilage slicer.
  • the main operation method of rhinoplasty surgery is the combination of Shangen nasal dorsal prosthesis and costal cartilage nose tip, collectively referred to as costal cartilage nasal comprehensive surgery.
  • the massive costal cartilage is usually divided into three to six pieces of costal cartilage by the human division of the relevant personnel.
  • the manual division cannot achieve a single piece of costal cartilage.
  • the thickness of the top, bottom, left and right of the film is completely uniform, and it is impossible to achieve the same thickness of two or more costal cartilage films.
  • the uneven and inconsistent thickness will cause the instability of the left and right supporting force of the nasal tip bracket, which is easy to cause postoperative problems such as nasal crookedness.
  • the invention provides a costal cartilage slicer to solve the problem that the thickness of the sliced costal cartilage slices is difficult to be uniform and consistent.
  • a costal cartilage slicer including: a base, a knife holder, a fixing structure, a chuck structure, a knife holder, and a stopper;
  • the knife holder is used to detachably install a blade, the knife holder is arranged on the base, and one end of the knife holder is rotatably connected to the knife holder, so that the blade is driven to cut down by the rotation of the knife holder.
  • the stopper is provided on the lower side of the tool holder, the chuck structure can move in a reference direction relative to the fixed structure, and the fixed structure is provided on the second side of the chuck structure along the reference direction. On one side, the stopper is located on the second side of the chuck structure along the reference direction, and the costal cartilage block to be sliced can be tightly clamped between the stopper and the chuck structure.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes an elastic connecting structure, and two ends of the elastic connecting structure along the reference direction respectively connect the fixing structure and the chuck structure to form the chuck structure
  • An elastic force is provided, and the elastic force refers to a force capable of moving the chuck structure away from the fixed structure along the reference direction.
  • the elastic connecting structure includes a first elastic component, a connecting rod and a ball head, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the fixing structure or passing through the fixing structure, and the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a
  • the ball head, the ball head is connected to the chuck structure, the two ends of the first elastic member along the reference direction are respectively connected to the fixing structure and the chuck structure, and the chuck structure is provided with A groove for the ball head to be embedded.
  • the chuck structure includes a chuck body and a chuck back plate, the chuck back plate is connected to a side of the chuck body opposite to the stopper, and the chuck back plate Connect the ball head.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes a handle part that directly or indirectly drives the chuck structure so that: when the handle part is manipulated to move along the reference direction , Can drive the chuck structure to move closer to the fixed structure along the reference direction.
  • a self-moving plate is provided on the side of the chuck structure opposite to the stop, and the fixing structure includes a fixing block and a self-moving plate track; the fixing block is fixedly connected to the base, The self-moving plate track is fixedly connected to the fixed block, and when the chuck structure moves along the reference direction, the self-moving plate can slide along the self-moving plate track.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes a blade holding structure, the blade holder is provided with an accommodating groove, and the holding groove can accommodate the blade, and the blade holding structure is used for holding The edge of the blade located in the accommodating groove.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes a limit fixing member and a limit piece, the limit piece is installed on the knife holder by the fastener, and the limit piece is located on the knife The side of the frame provided with the accommodating groove.
  • the blade clamping structure includes a second elastic member and a clamping member, and rail grooves are provided on at least two sides of the accommodating groove; the second elastic member is along a direction of clamping the edge of the blade Connect a blade holder and the clamping member to push the clamping member to clamp the edge of the blade.
  • the clamping member is arranged in the track groove and is protected by the second elastic member. When pushed, it moves along the track groove.
  • the edge of the blade is further provided with a slot for embedding the holding member.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes at least one thickness block, each thickness block includes a thickness portion, and the thickness of the thickness portion of different types of thickness blocks is different;
  • the intervals between the blade and the stop along the reference direction are different, and the different intervals correspond to different slice thicknesses.
  • a stopper extension plate is provided on the upper side of the stopper, the thickness block can be installed between the tool holder and the stopper extension plate along the reference direction, and the blade is connected to any one of the When the thickness block is mounted on the tool holder together, the thickness portion of the thickness block is sandwiched between the tool holder and the stop extension plate along the reference direction.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes a blade ejection block provided on the blade holder, and the blade ejection block is used to controlly press down the blade provided on the blade holder so that the blade Disengage the tool holder.
  • the knife holder is rotatably connected to the knife holder by a fixing screw, and the fixing screw is sleeved with a Teflon gasket and a washer.
  • the chuck structure and the stopper can be used to clamp the costal cartilage block to be sliced, and the blade mounted on the knife holder can be used to slice. At the same time, the blade and the stopper are both mounted on the knife. Frame, the relative position of the two can be fixed, and further, the thickness of the costal cartilage slice obtained by the slice can be uniform and consistent.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the slicing principle of a costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention when it is not cut;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the costal cartilage slicer is cut in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top view of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic side view of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of part B in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic connection structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a partial structural diagram of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention when the knife is not retracted;
  • Figure 10 is a partial structural diagram of the costal cartilage slicer when retracting in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11a is a first structural diagram of a blade in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11b is a second structural diagram of a blade in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12a is a first structural diagram of a thickness block in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12b is a second structural diagram of a back block in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of part A in FIG. 2 from another perspective.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the slicing principle of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention when it is not cut
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the costal cartilage in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the costal cartilage slicer includes a base 113, a knife base 114, a fixing structure 104, a chuck structure 103, a knife holder 105 and a stop 102.
  • the knife holder 105 is used to detachably mount the blade 101, the knife holder 114 is provided on the base 113, and one end of the knife holder 105 is rotatably connected to the knife holder 114. Drive the blade 101 to cut the costal cartilage block 2 through the rotation of the knife holder 105; wherein, it can be cut in the direction shown in FIG. 1.
  • the stop 102 is provided on the lower side of the tool holder 105, the chuck structure 103 can move relative to the fixed structure along a reference direction, where the reference direction can be understood as a clamping rib
  • the direction of the cartilage block 2 can be specifically as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the reference direction can also be regarded as the front and back direction.
  • the fixing structure 104 is located on the first side of the chuck structure 103 along the reference direction
  • the stopper 102 is located on the second side of the chuck structure 103 along the reference direction
  • the stop The block 102 and the chuck structure 103 can tightly clamp the costal cartilage block 2 to be sliced.
  • the relative position of the two can be fixed.
  • the distance between the two can be maintained at L, and further, the thickness of the rib cartilage slice obtained by the slice Both can be kept as L. It can be seen that the thickness can be uniform and consistent in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 in order to facilitate the characterization of its principle, it can be regarded as an exaggerated part of the size, and further, in the specific implementation process, the related fixing structure 104, the chuck structure 103, the blade 101, the costal cartilage block 2 and The size ratio relationship between the stoppers 102 may not be as shown in FIG. 1, but the principle of their mutual action can be understood with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the costal cartilage slicer may further include an elastic connecting structure 117, and two ends of the elastic connecting structure 117 along the reference direction are respectively connected to the fixing structure 104 and the chuck structure 103, to provide an elastic force for the chuck structure, and the elastic force refers to a force capable of moving the chuck structure away from the fixed structure along the reference direction.
  • the elastic force can provide the required clamping force for the clamping of the costal cartilage block 2.
  • the chuck structure 103 can be pulled to make a sufficient gap between the chuck structure 103 and the stop 102.
  • the costal cartilage block 2 is placed in the gap to release the chuck structure 103 and the chuck
  • the structure 103 can move close to the costal cartilage block 2 under the action of elastic force, so that the chuck structure 103 can fit the costal cartilage block 2.
  • the thickness of the costal cartilage block 2 after each slice can be It is gradually reduced, but the chuck structure 103 can still be kept fit, so as to keep the chuck structure 103 and the stop 102 clamped to the costal cartilage block 2 to achieve a fixed position of the costal cartilage block 2.
  • the function of the chuck structure 103 is to completely adhere to the costal cartilage block 2, leaving no gaps during the segmentation, and ensuring the accuracy of the segmentation.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial structural diagram of part B in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of an elastic connection structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the elastic connection structure 117 may include a first elastic member 1173, a connecting rod 1172 and a ball head 1171;
  • One end of the connecting rod 1172 is connected to the fixing structure 104, or: the connecting rod 1172 passes through the fixing structure 104, the other end of the connecting rod 1172 is provided with the ball head 1171, the ball head 1171
  • the chuck structure 103 is connected.
  • the connecting rod 1172 may be a telescopic rod, and the two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected to the fixed structure 104 and the ball head 1171.
  • the fixing structure 104 may be provided with a through hole 1043 for the connecting rod 1172 to pass through, and the through hole 1043 may provide a guide for the movement of the connecting rod 1172.
  • the first elastic member 1173 may be, for example, a spring, which may be provided on the outside of the connecting rod 1172.
  • the first elastic member 1173 and the connecting rod 1172 are in one-to-one correspondence. In other alternatives, , It can also be non-one-to-one correspondence.
  • the chuck structure 103 includes a chuck body 1032 and a chuck back plate 1031, the chuck back plate 1031 is connected to the side of the chuck body 1032 opposite to the stop 102 , The back plate 1031 of the chuck can be connected to the ball head 1171.
  • the ball head 1171 can be used as an adjustable spherical body, which enables the chuck body 1032 to make fine arc changes to achieve the function of closely adhering to the costal cartilage block 2.
  • the ball head 1171 can be embedded in the groove (such as a spherical groove, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube shaped groove, etc.), and further, the ball head 1171 can push the back plate 1031 of the chuck under the elastic force of the connecting rod 1172.
  • the chuck back plate 1031 and the chuck body 1032 connected to it move away from the fixed structure 104.
  • the ball head 1171 is directly or indirectly driven to move closer to the fixed structure 104, it can pass through the spherical groove Drive the chuck rear plate 1031 and the chuck body 1032 connected to it to move close to the fixed structure 104.
  • the chuck body 1032 can be deflected to a certain extent, so that it can better fit the costal cartilage block 2.
  • the other end of the connecting rod 1172 can also be directly fixed to the rear plate 1031 of the chuck without a ball head 1171.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes a handle part 112, which directly or indirectly drives the chuck structure 103, so that: the hand When the handle 112 is manipulated to move along the reference direction, it can drive the chuck structure 103 to move closer to the fixed structure 104 along the reference direction.
  • the handle part can be connected to the chuck structure 103 through the connecting rod 1172 and the ball head 1171, for example, this embodiment does not exclude other implementations, as long as the handle part 112 can drive the movement of the chuck structure 103, no matter what The method does not deviate from the description of this embodiment.
  • the handle part can be a handle ball.
  • the connecting rod 1172 can pass through the through hole 104 of the fixing structure 104, the number of connecting rods 1172 can be three, and at least one connecting rod 1172 (for example, one connecting rod 1172) is provided with Handle part 112.
  • the handle part 112 When the handle part 112 is pulled, it can drive the three connecting rods 1172, the first elastic part 1173 such as a spring, so that the chuck structure 103 can move in the pulling direction of the part 112 with the hand. After the pulling creates enough space for the rib cartilage block, Loosen the handle part 112, such as the first elastic part 1173 of the spring, can generate a reset force, so that the ball head 117 of the three connecting rods 1172 can move in a universal direction according to the shape of the costal cartilage block, thereby facilitating the control of the clamp
  • the head structure 103 is effectively and accurately attached to one side of the costal cartilage block, and the other side of the costal cartilage is attached to the stopper 102.
  • the chuck structure 103 and the stopper 102 form a right and left close-fitting clamping, achieving an effective and strong fixation effect.
  • the costal cartilage block is difficult to take out, the amount is small, and the shape is irregular. It is usually unable to stabilize the costal cartilage block. If the costal cartilage block cannot be perfectly fixed, the costal cartilage is segmented. The block will be cut off to complete the loss of the costal cartilage block, and the above solution of this embodiment can effectively fix the costal cartilage block and avoid loss.
  • the edge of the base 113 can also be provided with a base knife plate 115, the position of which matches the blade.
  • the base knife plate 115 can be connected to the base 113 and close to the lower edge of the chuck body 1032, which can be As the load-bearing part when the blade 101 presses down and cuts the costal cartilage, it can ensure that the costal cartilage block can be completely cut when the knife 101 is pressed down and cut.
  • the spring of the connecting rod can drive the chuck body 1032 and the chuck back plate 1031, the ball head 1171, and the self-moving plate 111 to move backward as a whole, leaving enough space to be close to the chuck body 1032 Place the costal cartilage block 2 that needs to be divided, and then push the ball forward to push the costal cartilage block 2 to the edge of the base knife board, press down the 22 knife holder to completely fix the costal cartilage block on the 12 block and the 7 chuck middle.
  • the number of elastic connecting structures 117 may be one or at least two, for example, there may be a plurality of elastic connecting structures 117 evenly distributed.
  • the side of the chuck structure 103 opposite to the stop 102 is provided with a self-moving plate 111
  • the fixing structure 104 includes a fixing block 1041 and a self-moving plate Rail 1042; the fixed block 1041 is fixedly connected to the base 113, the self-moving plate rail 1042 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 1041, when the chuck structure 103 moves along the reference direction, the self-moving The board 111 can slide along the self-moving board track 1042.
  • both the self-moving plate 111 and the self-moving plate track 1042 can be in the shape of a letter with the opening facing downward, and the width of the self-moving plate track 1042 can be narrower than that of the self-moving plate 111. It can also be lower than the self-moving plate 111. When the handle ball is pulled backward, the self-moving plate 111 will cover the self-moving plate track 1042 and move backward.
  • the width of the self-moving plate track 1042 may be fixed or variable. For example, its end close to the fixed block 1041 is wider than the end far away from the fixed block 1042, that is, along the distance away from the fixed block 1041 Direction, the width of the self-moving board track 1042 may gradually become smaller.
  • the chuck body 1032, the chuck back plate 1031, the ball head 1171, the connecting rod 1172, the fixed block 1041, the handle part 112, the self-moving plate 111, and the self-moving plate track 1042 can form an integral module.
  • the overall function of the module It can move back and forth to fix the costal cartilage block, adjust the appropriate position according to the size of different costal cartilage blocks, and fix the costal cartilage block that needs to be divided.
  • Fig. 9 is a partial structural diagram of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention when the knife is not retracted;
  • Fig. 10 is a partial structural diagram of the costal cartilage slicer in an embodiment of the present invention when the knife is retracted;
  • Fig. 11a is the present invention
  • Fig. 11b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade in an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 12a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thickness block in an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 12b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thickness block in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the structure of the second block.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes a blade holding structure 109, the knife holder 105 is provided with a receiving slot 1051, the receiving slot 1051 is used to receive the blade 101
  • the blade clamping structure 109 is used to clamp the edge of the blade 101 in the accommodating groove 1051, for example, the edge of the blade 101 can be clamped from the left and right sides as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.
  • the accommodating groove 1051 may be a sink groove provided on the side of the tool holder close to the fixing structure, and at the same time, the tool holder may also have a tool retracting block slot 1054 for inserting the tool retracting block.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes a fastener 110 and a limiting piece 106, and the limiting piece 106 passes through the fastener 110 is installed on the tool holder 105.
  • the limiting piece 106 is located on the side of the tool holder 105 where the accommodating groove is provided, and can be blocked by the side of the accommodating groove 1051 that is close to the fixing structure to achieve a limiting effect for the blade 101.
  • the fastener 110 may be, for example, a fastening screw, and the fastener 110 may pass through the limiting piece 106 and the tool holder 105 and be fastened.
  • the fasteners 110 after passing through the limiting piece 106 and the tool holder 105, they can be fastened to the butterfly nut 122. Further, in the solution where the thickness block 107 is configured, the fastener 109 can also pass through the thickness block 107 and the stop extension plate 1021, so as to realize the limit piece 106, the thickness block 107, and the tool holder 105 stop 102 Fastening connection between.
  • the blade clamping structure 109 includes a second elastic member 1092 and a clamping member 1091, at least two sides of the containing groove 1051 are provided with track grooves 1052; the second elastic member 1091 Connect the blade holder 105 and the clamping member 1092 in the direction of clamping the edge of the blade 101 to push the clamping member 1091 to clamp the edge of the blade.
  • the clamping member 1091 is arranged at The track groove 1052 moves along the track groove 1052 when pushed by the second elastic member 1091.
  • the direction of the edge of the clamping blade 101 can be, for example: taking FIGS. 8 and 9 as an example, for the clamping member 1092 located on the left edge of the blade 101, the clamping direction is rightward movement, and for the clamping member 1092 located on the left edge of the blade 101.
  • the clamping member 1092 on the right edge of 101 has a clamping direction to move to the left, and the blade 101 can be clamped by the two clamping members 1092.
  • edges of the blade 101 can also be provided with other card slots, such as the card slot 1012 shown in the figure.
  • the blade holder can be provided with a blade limit portion 1053 that can be inserted into the card slot 1012.
  • the card slots (such as the card slot 1011 and the card slot 1012) provided in different positions can facilitate the limitation of the blade in different directions.
  • the blade 101 can be edged on one side surface, that is, a single-sided edged structure is formed.
  • the blade 101 can be edged on one side to the right as shown in FIG.
  • the blade 101 can be sharpened twice.
  • the first sharpening angle is, for example, 20 degrees as shown in Figure 11b, which can be used to maintain the hardness of the cutting edge.
  • the second sharpening angle is, for example, as shown in Figure 11b. Shown at 9 degrees.
  • one side surface of the blade 101 may have a first cutting edge surface 1013 and a second cutting edge surface 1014.
  • the first cutting edge surface 1013 is located at the end of the blade 101 to connect to the other side surface of the blade 101.
  • the cutting edge surface 1014 is connected to the first cutting edge surface.
  • the included angle between the first cutting edge surface 1013 and the other side surface of the blade 101 is the first included angle (for example, 20 degrees).
  • the included angle of the plane on the other side surface is the second included angle (for example, 9 degrees).
  • the second included angle is smaller than the first included angle.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes at least one thickness block 107, each of the thickness blocks 107 includes a thickness portion 1072, and different types of thickness blocks 107 The thickness of the thickness portion 1072 is different; each thickness block can be installed on the tool holder 105;
  • the interval between the blade 101 and the stop block 102 along the reference direction (that is, L shown in FIG. 1) is different, and the different intervals correspond to different Slice thickness.
  • the thickness of the thickness portion 1072 in the thickness block 107 is D, where D and L change simultaneously, that is, if the thickness D of the thickness portion 1072 of the thickness block 107 selected is different, the above L is also different
  • D and L themselves can be equal or unequal.
  • the upper side of the stopper 102 is provided with a stopper extension plate 1021, which may be integrated with the stopper 102 or assembled together.
  • the thickness block 107 can be installed between the blade holder 105 and the stop extension plate 1021 along the reference direction.
  • the The thickness portion 1072 of the thickness block 107 is sandwiched between the tool holder 106 and the stop extension plate 1021 along the reference direction, and further, the tool holder 106, the thickness portion 1072 and the stop extension plate 1021 are along the reference direction. It can be attached sequentially.
  • other components may also be arranged between the tool holder and the thickness portion, and between the thickness portion and the tool holder extension plate. No matter how the arrangement is, it does not deviate from the description of the embodiment itself.
  • the use of the thickness block 107 can change the position of the stop block 102 relative to the blade holder 105, thereby adjusting the L mentioned above.
  • the blade 101 or the blade holder 105 can also be adjusted. Regardless of the way to adjust the L mentioned above, it does not deviate from the description of this embodiment.
  • the thickness of the slices is different, and the thickness blocks have different thickness standards, for example: 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm.
  • the thickness of the costal cartilage sheet and can ensure that the thickness of multiple costal cartilage sheets is exactly the same.
  • the thickness block 107 may also include a thickness block base 1071. Since the thickness of the thickness block base 1071 of each thickness block 107 is the same, it can facilitate the installation operation of the thickness block. For example, the thickness block base 1071 can be held by hand. Install it.
  • the thickness portion 1072 may be provided with a clamping groove 1073, and the fastener 110 may pass through the clamping groove 1073, so as to realize the positioning and installation of the thickness block 107 and clamp the thickness block 107.
  • the fastener 110 and The fastening of the butterfly nut 122 can fasten the position between the thickness block 107, the knife holder 105 and the stop block 102.
  • the thickness portion 1072 may also be provided with a thickness block groove 1074, and the side of the tool holder 105 away from the fixing structure along the reference direction may also be provided with a mating part that is matched with the thickness block groove 1074.
  • the thickness block is supported by the matching portion (for example, it may be other screws other than the fixing member 110) to further realize the fixation of the position of the thickness block 107.
  • the costal cartilage slicer further includes a blade removal block 108 provided on the blade holder 105, and the blade removal block 108 is used for controlled pressing down and setting on the blade holder 105.
  • the blade 101 of the blade holder 105 is used to make the blade 101 separate from the blade holder.
  • the connecting surface of the slot 1011 and the clamping member 1091 may all be in the shape of an arc, the axis of the arc shape is along the reference direction, and further, when pushing downward The blade 101 is retracted so that when the blade 101 is pushed, the clamping member 1091 can be pushed to overcome the second elastic member 1092 to move away from the blade 101, and further, the blade 101 can be pushed out of the accommodating groove 1051 of the blade holder 105.
  • the blade 101 can be ejected smoothly through the blade removal block 108, which is convenient for replacement.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of part A in FIG. 2 from another perspective.
  • the knife holder 105 is rotatably connected to the knife holder 114 by a fixing screw 119, and the fixing screw 119 is sleeved with a Teflon washer and a washer 120.
  • the Teflon gasket may include, for example, a Teflon gasket 118 and another Teflon gasket 121.
  • the Teflon gasket 121, the Teflon gasket 118, and the gasket 120 may be fixed screws 119.
  • the axial directions are sequentially distributed.
  • the tool holder 114 can be provided with an internal thread, and the fixing screw 119 can be screwed into the internal thread.
  • the Teflon gasket and the washer 120 can be annular, and the Teflon gasket can be close to the knife holder 114.
  • the Teflon washer is fixed on the fixing screw 19 and is close to the washer 120.
  • the Teflon washer is pressed to the left and right to provide the required damping force, which increases the flexibility and can also make the tool holder 105 Will not fall automatically under the influence of gravity.
  • the knife holder 114 can also be provided with a negative screw 123: connect the 6 knife holder washer 120 and a fixing screw 119, when the fixing screw 119 is fixed, the negative screw 29 can be stuck Fix the screw 119 and make sure that the fixing screw 119 cannot be loosened.
  • the base 113 can also be connected with a counterweight, which can be set under the base 113 to increase the weight of the instrument and prevent it from overturning during use.
  • the bottom of the base 113 can also be provided with a foot 116, for example, it can be a silicone foot or a foot made of other materials.
  • the chuck structure and the stopper can clamp the costal cartilage block to be sliced, and the blade mounted on the knife holder can be used for slices.
  • the blade and the stop The stoppers are all installed on the knife holder, and the relative positions of the two can be fixed, and further, the thickness of the costal cartilage slice obtained by the slice can be uniform and consistent.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract

一种肋软骨切片器，包括：底座（113）、刀座（114）、固定结构（104）、夹头结构（103）、刀架（105）与挡块（102）；刀架用于可拆卸地安装刀片（101），刀座设于底座上，刀架的一端旋转连接于刀座，以通过刀架的旋转带动刀片下切肋软骨块（2）；挡块设于刀架的下侧，夹头结构能够相对于固定结构沿参考方向移动，固定结构设于夹头结构的沿参考方向的第一侧，挡块沿参考方向位于夹头结构的第二侧，且挡块与夹头结构之间能够紧贴夹持待切片的肋软骨块。使用肋软骨切片器切片所得到的肋软骨片的厚度可以做到均匀、一致。

Description

肋软骨切片器 技术领域
本发明涉及手术器械，尤其涉及一种肋软骨切片器。
背景技术
鼻整形手术的主要操作方式为山根鼻背假体加肋软骨鼻尖结合的手术方式，统称肋软骨鼻综合手术。
现有的相关技术中，通常是通过相关人员人力的切分将块状肋软骨切分成若干三片到六片片状肋软骨片，该过程中，人力的切分无法做到单片肋软骨片上下左右厚度完全均匀，也无法做到两片或者两片以上肋软骨片厚度完全一致，厚度的不均匀和不一致会导致鼻尖支架左右支撑力的不稳定，容易引发鼻头歪斜等术后问题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种肋软骨切片器，以解决切片得到的肋软骨片的厚度难以做到均匀、一致的问题。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种肋软骨切片器，包括：底座、刀座、固定结构、夹头结构、刀架与挡块；
所述刀架用于可拆卸地安装刀片，所述刀座设于所述底座上，所述刀架的一端旋转连接于所述刀座，以通过所述刀架的旋转带动所述刀片下切肋软骨块；
所述挡块设于所述刀架的下侧，所述夹头结构能够相对于所述固定结构沿参考方向移动，所述固定结构设于所述夹头结构的沿所述参考方向的第一侧，所述挡块沿所述参考方向位于所述夹头结构的第二侧，且所述挡块与所述夹头结构之间能够紧贴夹持待切片的肋软骨块。
可选的，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括弹性连接结构，所述弹性连接结构沿所述参考方向的两端分别连接所述固定结构与所述夹头结构，以为所述夹头结构提供弹性作用力，所述弹性作用力指能够使得所述夹头结构沿着所 述参考方向远离所述固定结构运动的作用力。
可选的，所述弹性连接结构包括第一弹性部件、连杆与球头，所述连杆的一端连接所述固定结构或穿过所述固定结构，所述连杆的另一端设有所述球头，所述球头连接所述夹头结构，所述第一弹性部件沿所述参考方向的两端分别连接所述固定结构与所述夹头结构，所述夹头结构设有用于供所述球头嵌入的槽体。
可选的，所述夹头结构包括夹头本体与夹头后板，所述夹头后板连接于所述夹头本体的与所述挡块相背的一侧，所述夹头后板连接所述球头。
可选的，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括手把部件，所述手把部件直接或间接传动所述夹头结构，以使得：所述手把部件被操控沿所述参考方向运动时，能够带动所述夹头结构沿所述参考方向靠近所述固定结构运动。
可选的，所述夹头结构的与所述挡块相背的一侧设有自移板，所述固定结构包括固定块与自移板轨道；所述固定块固定连接于所述底座，所述自移板轨道固定连接于所述固定块，所述夹头结构沿所述参考方向移动时，所述自移板能够沿所述自移板轨道滑动。
可选的，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括刀片夹持结构，所述刀架设有容置槽，所述容置槽能够容置所述刀片，所述刀片夹持结构用于夹持位于所述容置槽中的刀片的边缘。
可选的，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括限位固定件与限位片，所述限位片通过所述紧固件安装于所述刀架，所述限位片位于所述刀架的设有所述容置槽的一侧。
可选的，所述刀片夹持结构包括第二弹性部件与夹持件，所述容置槽的至少两侧设有轨道槽；所述第二弹性部件沿夹持所述刀片的边缘的方向连接一所述刀架与所述夹持件之间，以推动所述夹持件夹持刀片的边缘，所述夹持件设于所述轨道槽，并在被所述第二弹性部件推动时沿所述轨道槽运动。
可选的，所述刀片的边缘还设有用于供所述加持件嵌入的卡槽。
可选的，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括至少一种厚度块，每个厚度块均包括厚度部，不同种类厚度块的厚度部厚度是不同的；
其中，选择不同种类的厚度块时，所述刀片与所述挡块之间沿所述参考方向的间隔是不同的，且不同的间隔对应于不同的切片厚度。
可选的，所述挡块上侧设有挡块延伸板，所述厚度块能够沿所述参考方向安装于所述刀架与所述挡块延伸板之间，所述刀片与任意之一厚度块一同安装于所述刀架时，该厚度块的厚度部沿所述参考方向夹在所述刀架与所述挡块延伸板之间。
可选的，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括设于所述刀架的退刀块，所述退刀块用于受控下压设于所述刀架的刀片，以使得所述刀片脱离所述刀架。
可选的，所述刀架通过固定螺丝旋转连接于所述刀座，所述固定螺丝套设有特氟龙垫片与垫圈。
本发明提供的肋软骨切片器中，利用夹头结构与挡块可夹持所需切片的肋软骨块，利用安装于刀架的刀片可实施切片，同时，由于刀片与挡块都安装于刀架，两者的相对位置可以被固定下来，进而，切片所得到的肋软骨片的厚度可以做到均匀、一致。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的切片原理示意图；
图2是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的结构示意图；
图3是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器未切下时的结构示意图；
图4是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器切下时的结构示意图；
图5是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的俯视示意图；
图6是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的侧视示意图；
图7是图2中B部位的局部结构示意图；
图8是本发明一实施例中弹性连接结构的结构示意图；
图9是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的未退刀时的部分结构示意图；
图10是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的退刀时的部分结构示意图；
图11a是本发明一实施例中刀片的结构示意图一；
图11b是本发明一实施例中刀片的结构示意图二；
图12a是本发明一实施例中厚度块的结构示意图一；
图12b是本发明一实施例中后段块的结构示意图二；
图13是图2中A部位另一视角下的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
101-刀片；
1011-卡槽；
1012-卡槽；
1013-第一刃口表面；
1014-第二刃口表面；
102-挡块；
1021-挡块延伸板；
103-夹头结构；
1031-夹头后板；
1032-夹头本体；
104-固定结构；
1041-固定块；
1042-自移板轨道；
1043-通孔；
105-刀架；
1051-容置槽；
1052-轨道槽；
1053-刀片限位部；
1054-退刀块插槽；
106-限位片；
107-厚度块；
1071-厚度块基体；
1072-厚度部；
1073-卡槽；
1074-厚度块凹槽；
；
108-退刀块；
109-刀片夹持结构；
1091-第二弹性部件；
1092-夹持件；
110-紧固件；
111-自移板；
112-手把部件；
113-底座；
114-刀座；
115-底座刀板；
116-垫脚；
117-弹性连接结构；
1171-球头；
1172-连杆；
1173-第一弹性部件；
118-特氟龙垫片；
119-固定螺丝；
120-垫圈；
121-特氟龙垫片；
122-蝴蝶螺母；
123-止负螺丝。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互 换，以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
下面以具体地实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图1是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的切片原理示意图；图3是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器未切下时的结构示意图；图4是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器切下时的结构示意图；图5是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的俯视结构示意图；图6是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的侧视示意图。
发明请参考图1至图5，肋软骨切片器，包括：底座113、刀座114、固定结构104、夹头结构103、刀架105与挡块102。
请参考图2并结合图1，所述刀架105用于可拆卸地安装刀片101，所述刀座114设于所述底座113上，所述刀架105的一端旋转连接于所述刀座114，以通过所述刀架105的旋转带动所述刀片101下切肋软骨块2；其中，可如图1所示的方向下切。
请参考图1，所述挡块102设于所述刀架105的下侧，所述夹头结构103能够相对于所述固定结构沿参考方向移动，其中的参考方向可理解为是夹持肋软骨块2的方向，具体可例如图1所示，同时，因挡块102与夹头结构103是自前后两侧夹持肋软骨块2的，故而，参考方向也可视作前后方向。
所述固定结构104设于所述夹头结构103的沿所述参考方向的第一侧，所述挡块102沿所述参考方向位于所述夹头结构103的第二侧，且所述挡块102与所述夹头结构103之间能够紧贴夹持待切片的肋软骨块2。
其中，由于刀片与挡块都安装于刀架，两者的相对位置可以被固定下来，以图1为例，两者间的间距可保持在L，进而，切片所得到的肋软骨片的厚度均可保持为L，可见，本实施例可以做到厚度的均匀、一致。
此外，在图1中，为了便于对其原理进行表征，可视作对部分尺寸进行 了夸大，进而，具体实施过程中，有关固定结构104、夹头结构103、刀片101、肋软骨块2与挡块102间相互的尺寸比例关系可并非如图1所示，但其相互之间的作用原理可参照图1所示理解。
其中一种实施方式中，所述的肋软骨切片器，还可包括弹性连接结构117，所述弹性连接结构117沿所述参考方向的两端分别连接所述固定结构104与所述夹头结构103，以为所述夹头结构提供弹性作用力，所述弹性作用力指能够使得所述夹头结构沿着所述参考方向远离所述固定结构运动的作用力。
以上实施方式中，通过该弹性作用力，可以为肋软骨块2的夹持提供所需的夹持力。
实际使用过程中，可拉动夹头结构103，从而使得夹头结构103与挡块102之间产生足够的间隔，此时将肋软骨块2放置到该间隔中，释放夹头结构103，夹头结构103可在弹性作用力的作用下靠近肋软骨块2运动，从而使得夹头结构103可贴合肋软骨块2，其中，随着切片的实施，每次切片后肋软骨块2的厚度可逐渐减小，但夹头结构103依旧可保持贴合，从而保持夹头结构103与挡块102对肋软骨块2的夹持，实现对肋软骨块2的位置固定。
可见，夹头结构103的作用是完全紧贴肋软骨块2，在切分时不留空隙，确保切分的精确。
图7是图2中B部位的局部结构示意图；图8是本发明一实施例中弹性连接结构的结构示意图。
具体实施过程中，请参考图7和图8，并结合其他附图，所述弹性连接结构117可以包括第一弹性部件1173、连杆1172与球头1171；
所述连杆1172的一端连接所述固定结构104，或者：所述连杆1172穿过所述固定结构104，所述连杆1172的另一端设有所述球头1171，所述球头1171连接所述夹头结构103。
一种举例中，若连杆1172是固定连接固定结构104的，则：连杆1172可以为伸缩杆，伸缩杆的两端分别连接固定结构104与球头1171。
另一种举例中，固定结构104可设有供连杆1172穿过的通孔1043，该通孔1043可以为连杆1172的移动提供引导作用。
所述第一弹性部件1173沿所述参考方向的两端分别连接所述固定结构 104与所述夹头结构103，所述夹头结构103设有用于供所述球头嵌入的槽体。该第一弹性部件1173可例如为弹簧，弹簧可设于连杆1172的外侧，在图7所示实施方式中，第一弹性部件1173与连杆1172是一一对应的，在其他可选方案中，其也可以是非一一对应的。
具体实施过程中，所述夹头结构103包括夹头本体1032与夹头后板1031，所述夹头后板1031连接于所述夹头本体1032的与所述挡块102相背的一侧，所述夹头后板1031可连接所述球头1171。
其中，通过夹头后板1031与球头1171的连接，球头1171可以作为可调整球状体，其可使得夹头本体1032可以做出精细弧度变化，达到紧贴肋软骨块2的作用。
具体来说，球头1171可嵌入该槽体(例如球形槽、呈长方体、正方体的槽体等等)，进而，球头1171在连杆1172的弹性作用力下，可推动夹头后板1031的槽体，从而推动夹头后板1031，以及与之连接的夹头本体1032远离固定结构104运动，当球头1171被直接或间接传动，从而靠近固定结构104运动时，其可通过球形槽带动夹头后板1031，以及与之连接的夹头本体1032靠近固定结构104运动。同时，因其球头1171的作用，夹头本体1032可在一定程度上发生偏转，从而能够更好地贴合肋软骨块2。
其他举例中，连杆1172另一端也可未设置球头1171而直接固定连接夹头后板1031。
其中一种实施方式中，请参考图2至图7，肋软骨切片器，还包括手把部件112，所述手把部件112直接或间接传动所述夹头结构103，以使得：所述手把部件112被操控沿所述参考方向运动时，能够带动所述夹头结构103沿所述参考方向靠近所述固定结构104运动。
其中，手把部件可例如通过连杆1172与球头1171连接至夹头结构103，本实施例也不排除其他实现方式，只要能够通过手把部件112带动夹头结构103的运动，不论何种方式，均不脱离本实施例的描述。其中的手把部件可以为手把球。
一种举例中，以图8为例，连杆1172可穿过固定结构104的通孔104，连杆1172的数量可以为三个，其中至少一个连杆1172(例如一个连杆1172)设有手把部件112。
拉动手把部件112时，可带动三根连杆1172、例如弹簧的第一弹性部件1173，使夹头结构103能够顺着手把部件112的拉动方向移动，拉动产生足够放置肋软骨块的空间后，松开手把部件112，例如弹簧的第一弹性部件1173可产生复位的作用力，使三个连杆1172的球头117可以根据肋软骨块的形状做万向运动，进而，可便于控制夹头结构103有效精准贴合肋软骨块一侧，肋软骨另一侧贴合挡块102，夹头结构103与挡块102形成左右密合的夹合，达到有效有力贴合的固定作用。
相较而言，在现有的其他方案中，肋软骨块取出困难，取量少，形态不规则，通常无法稳定固定住肋软骨块，如果无法完美固定住肋软骨块，切分时肋软骨块就会切偏完成肋软骨块的损失，而本实施例的以上方案可有效固定肋软骨块，避免损失。
具体实施过程中，底座113的边缘还可设有底座刀板115，其位置与刀片的相匹配，其中，底座刀板115可连接在底座113，紧贴夹头本体1032的下边缘，其可作为刀片101下压切分肋软骨快时的承重部分，确保刀101片下压切分时可以将肋软骨块完整切开。
手把球平行向后拉动，通过连杆的弹簧可带动夹头本体1032与夹头后板1031、球头1171、自移板111整体向后移动，留出足够空间后可紧贴夹头本体1032放置需要切分的肋软骨块2，再往前平推手把球使肋软骨块2推至底座刀板边缘，下压22刀架把将肋软骨块完全固定在12挡块与7夹头中间。
此外，其中弹性连接结构117的数量可以是一个，也可以是至少两个，例如可以是均匀分布的多个弹性连接结构117。
其中一种实施方式中，请参考图2，所述夹头结构103的与所述挡块102相背的一侧设有自移板111，所述固定结构104包括固定块1041与自移板轨道1042；所述固定块1041固定连接于所述底座113，所述自移板轨道1042固定连接于所述固定块1041，所述夹头结构103沿所述参考方向移动时，所述自移板111能够沿所述自移板轨道1042滑动。
一种举例中，以图2至图6为例，自移板111与自移板轨道1042均可以呈开口朝下的匚字形，自移板轨道1042的宽度可窄于自移板111，高度也可低于自移板111，在向后拉动手把球时，自移板111会覆盖住自移板轨道1042向后移动。进一步的举例中，自移板轨道1042的宽度可以是固定的，也可以 是变化的，例如：其靠近固定块1041的一端宽于远离固定块1042的一端，即：沿着远离固定块1041的方向，自移板轨道1042的宽度可以是逐渐变小的。
可见，通过以上自移板111与自移板导轨1042，可便于实现夹头结构103运动的导向，保障夹头结构103能够贴合夹持肋软骨块2。
夹头本体1032、夹头后板1031、球头1171、连杆1172、固定块1041、手把部件112、自移板111、自移板轨道1042可形成一个整体的模块，该模块整体的作用是可以前后移动来固定肋软骨块，根据不同肋软骨块的大小调整出合适的位置，固定住需要切分的肋软骨块。
图9是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的未退刀时的部分结构示意图；图10是本发明一实施例中肋软骨切片器的退刀时的部分结构示意图；图11a是本发明一实施例中刀片的结构示意图一；图11b是本发明一实施例中刀片的结构示意图二；图12a是本发明一实施例中厚度块的结构示意图一；图12b是本发明一实施例中后段块的结构示意图二。
请参考图9至图11，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括刀片夹持结构109，所述刀架105设有容置槽1051，所述容置槽1051用于容置所述刀片101，所述刀片夹持结构109用于夹持位于所述容置槽1051中的刀片101的边缘，例如可自图8和图9所示的左右两侧夹持刀片101的边缘。
其中的容置槽1051可以是设置于刀架的靠近固定结构的一侧的沉槽，同时，刀架还可具有供退刀块插入的退刀块插槽1054。
其中一种实施方式中，请参考图2、图4、图5，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括紧固件110与限位片106，所述限位片106通过所述紧固件110安装于所述刀架105。所述限位片106位于所述刀架105的设有所述容置槽的一侧，可阻挡于容置槽1051的靠近固定结构的一侧实现针对于刀片101的限位作用。
其中的紧固件110可例如是紧固螺丝，所述紧固件110可穿过限位片106与刀架105，并实现紧固。
对于至少部分紧固件110(例如紧固螺丝)，穿过限位片106与刀架105后可以与蝴蝶螺母122紧固连接。进一步的，在配置有厚度块107的方案中，所述紧固件109还可穿过厚度块107与挡块延伸板1021，进而实现限位片 106、厚度块107、刀架105挡块102之间的紧固连接。
请参考图8与图9，所述刀片夹持结构109包括第二弹性部件1092与夹持件1091，所述容置槽1051的至少两侧设有轨道槽1052；所述第二弹性部件1091沿夹持所述刀片101的边缘的方向连接所述刀架105与所述夹持件1092之间，以推动所述夹持件1091夹持刀片的边缘，所述夹持件1091设于所述轨道槽1052，并在被所述第二弹性部件1091推动时沿所述轨道槽1052运动。
其中，夹持刀片101的边缘的方向可例如：以图8与图9为例，针对于位于刀片101左侧边缘的夹持件1092，其夹持方向为向右移动，针对于位于刀片101右侧边缘的夹持件1092，其夹持方向为向左移动，通过两个夹持件1092，可实现对刀片101的夹持。
为了配合夹持件1092，在一种举例中，请参考图11a与图11b，所述刀片101的边缘还设有用于供所述加持件嵌入的卡槽1011。具体举例中，刀片101的其他边缘也可设有其他卡槽，例如图中所示的卡槽1012，与之对应的，刀架可设有能够嵌入该卡槽1012的刀片限位部1053，通过设于不同位置的卡槽(例如卡槽1011与卡槽1012)，可便于实现刀片不同方向的限位。
其中一种实施方式中，刀片101可开刃于其一侧表面，即形成单面开刃的结构，例如可以如图11b所示为单面向右开刃的，这可便于切出更平更直的表面，刀片101可以是两次开刃的，第一次开刃角度例如为图11b所示的20度，其可用于保持刃口的硬度，第二次开刃角度例如为图11b所示的9度。对应的，刀片101的一侧表面可具有第一刃口表面1013与第二刃口表面1014，第一刃口表面1013位于刀片101的末端，以连接刀片101的另一侧表面，第二刃口表面1014连接第一刃口表面，第一刃口表面1013与刀片101的另一侧表面的夹角为第一夹角(例如20度)，第二刃口表面所处平面与刀片101的另一侧表面所处平面的夹角为第二夹角(例如9度)，第二夹角小于第一夹角，通过以上单面开刃的设计，以及两个刃口表面，可保障刃口的锋利性，在对肋软骨进行切割时，在向下作用力的作用下，可便于实现进刀，使得切出的肋软骨片的切割面更平更直。
其中一种实施方式中，请参考图12a与图12b，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括至少一种厚度块107，每个所述厚度块107均包括厚度部1072，不同种 类厚度块107的厚度部1072厚度是不同的；每一种厚度块均能够安装于所述刀架105；
其中，选择不同种类的厚度块时，所述刀片101与所述挡块102之间沿所述参考方向的间隔(即图1所示的L)是不同的，且不同的间隔对应于不同的切片厚度。具体的，厚度块107中厚度部1072的厚度为D，其中的D与L是同步变化的，即，若所选择的厚度块107的厚度部1072的厚度D不同，则以上的L也是不同的，此外，D与L本身可以是相等的，也可以是不相等的。
一种举例中，所述挡块102上侧设有挡块延伸板1021，其可以是与挡块102一体的，也可以是装配在一起的。所述厚度块107能够沿所述参考方向安装于所述刀架105与所述挡块延伸板1021之间，所述刀片101与任意之一厚度块107一同安装于所述刀架时，该厚度块107的厚度部1072沿所述参考方向夹在所述刀架106与所述挡块延伸板1021之间，进而，刀架106、厚度部1072与挡块延伸板1021之间沿参考方向可以是依次贴合的。在其他举例中，也可在刀架与厚度部之间、厚度部与刀架延伸板之间配置其他部件，不论如何配置，均不脱离本身实施例的描述。
在该实施方式中，厚度块107的使用可以使得挡块102相对于刀架105的位置发生变化，从而调节以上所涉及的L，在其他实施方式中，也可通过调节刀片101或刀架105的位置来调节以上所涉及的L，不论何种方式，均不脱离本实施例的描述。
可见，在以上方案的具体使用过程中(例如在鼻整形手术操作中)，需要将肋软骨块切分成不同厚度的肋软骨片，不同的人员(例如医生)操作手法不同，所需要的肋软骨片厚度各不相同，厚度块有不同的厚度标准，例如分别为：1.0毫米，1.5毫米，2.0毫米，2.5毫米，3.0毫米，3.5毫米，4.0毫米，通过厚度块的更换，可便于切出不同厚度的肋软骨片，并且可以保证多块肋软骨片厚度完全一致。
具体实施过程中，厚度块107还可包括厚度块基体1071，由于各厚度块107的厚度块基体1071的厚度是相同的，其可便于实现厚度块的安装操作，例如，可手持厚度块基体1071进行安装。
进一步方案中，厚度部1072可设有卡槽1073，紧固件110可穿过该 卡槽1073，从而实现对厚度块107的定位安装，卡住厚度块107，同时，通过紧固件110与蝴蝶螺母122的紧固，可紧固厚度块107、刀架105与挡块102之间的位置。
进一步方案中，厚度部1072还可设有厚度块凹槽1074，刀架105的沿参考方向的远离固定结构的一侧还可设有与厚度块凹槽1074配合的配合部，进而，可将厚度块架于该配合部(例如可以是固定件110之外的其他螺丝)，进一步实现厚度块107位置的固定。
其中一种实施方式中，请参考图2，所述的肋软骨切片器，还包括设于所述刀架105的退刀块108，所述退刀块108用于受控下压设于所述刀架105的刀片101，以使得所述刀片101脱离所述刀架。
一种举例中，请参考图9和图10，卡槽1011与夹持件1091的连接面可以均呈圆弧形状，该圆弧形状的轴心是沿参考方向的，进而，在向下推动退刀块108，使其推动刀片101时，可推动夹持件1091克服第二弹性部件1092运动，使其远离刀片101，进而，刀片101可被推出从而脱离刀架105的容置槽1051。
可见，通过退刀块108，可以让刀片101顺利弹出，方便更换。
图13是图2中A部位另一视角下的结构示意图。
其中一种实施方式中，请参考图12，所述刀架105通过固定螺丝119旋转连接于所述刀座114，所述固定螺丝119套设有特氟龙垫片与垫圈120。其中的特氟龙垫片可例如包括特氟龙垫片118与另一特氟龙垫片121，进而，特氟龙垫片121、特氟龙垫片118与垫圈120可以是沿固定螺丝119的轴向依次分布的。此外，刀座114可设有内螺纹，固定螺丝119可旋入该内螺纹。
其中的特氟龙垫片与垫圈120可以是呈环形的，特氟龙垫片可紧贴刀座114，在固定刀架105时可减少刀架105与刀座114之间的摩擦，增加刀架105的灵活性。铁氟龙垫片固定在固定螺丝19上，紧贴垫圈120，在固定刀架105时，通过特氟龙垫圈左右受压提供所需要的阻尼力，增加了灵活性的同时可以使刀架105不会受重力影响自动落下。
一种举例中，请参考图3、图13，刀座114还可设有止负螺丝123：连接6刀座垫圈120和固定螺丝119，当固定螺丝119固定后，止负螺丝29可以卡住固定螺丝119，确保固定螺丝119不可松动。
此外，其中一种实施方式中，底座113还可连接有配重块，其可设于底座113底下，用于增加仪器自重，防止使用时倾覆。底座113底部还可设有垫脚116，例如可以是硅胶垫脚，也可以是其他材质的垫脚。
综上所述，本实施例提供的肋软骨切片器中，利用夹头结构与挡块可夹持所需切片的肋软骨块，利用安装于刀架的刀片可实施切片，同时，由于刀片与挡块都安装于刀架，两者的相对位置可以被固定下来，进而，切片所得到的肋软骨片的厚度可以做到均匀、一致。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，包括：底座、刀座、固定结构、夹头结构、刀架与挡块；
    所述刀架用于可拆卸地安装刀片，所述刀座设于所述底座上，所述刀架的一端旋转连接于所述刀座，以通过所述刀架的旋转带动所述刀片下切肋软骨块；
    所述挡块设于所述刀架的下侧，所述夹头结构能够相对于所述固定结构沿参考方向移动，所述固定结构设于所述夹头结构的沿所述参考方向的第一侧，所述挡块沿所述参考方向位于所述夹头结构的第二侧，且所述挡块与所述夹头结构之间能够紧贴夹持待切片的肋软骨块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，还包括弹性连接结构，所述弹性连接结构沿所述参考方向的两端分别连接所述固定结构与所述夹头结构，以为所述夹头结构提供弹性作用力，所述弹性作用力指能够使得所述夹头结构沿着所述参考方向远离所述固定结构运动的作用力。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，所述弹性连接结构包括第一弹性部件、连杆与球头，所述连杆的一端连接所述固定结构或穿过所述固定结构，所述连杆的另一端设有所述球头，所述球头连接所述夹头结构，所述第一弹性部件沿所述参考方向的两端分别连接所述固定结构与所述夹头结构，所述夹头结构设有用于供所述球头嵌入的槽体。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，所述夹头结构包括夹头本体与夹头后板，所述夹头后板连接于所述夹头本体的与所述挡块相背的一侧，所述夹头后板连接所述球头。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，还包括手把部件，所述手把部件直接或间接传动所述夹头结构，以使得：所述手把部件被操控沿所述参考方向运动时，能够带动所述夹头结构沿所述参考方向靠近所述固定结构运动。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，所述夹头结构的与所述挡块相背的一侧设有自移板，所述固定结构包括固定块与自移板轨道；所述固定块固定连接于所述底座，所述自移板轨道固定连接于所述固定块，所述夹头结构沿所述参考方向移动时，所述自移板能够沿所述 自移板轨道滑动。
  7. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，还包括刀片夹持结构，所述刀架设有容置槽，所述容置槽用于容置所述刀片，所述刀片夹持结构用于夹持位于所述容置槽中的刀片的边缘。8、根据权利要求7所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，还包括紧固件与限位片，所述限位片通过所述紧固件安装于所述刀架，所述限位片位于所述刀架的设有所述容置槽的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，所述刀片夹持结构包括第二弹性部件与夹持件，所述容置槽的至少两侧设有轨道槽；所述第二弹性部件沿夹持所述刀片的边缘的方向连接所述刀架与所述夹持件之间，以推动所述夹持件夹持刀片的边缘，所述夹持件设于所述轨道槽，并在被所述第二弹性部件推动时沿所述轨道槽运动。
  9. 根据权利要求9所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，所述刀片还设有用于供所述夹持件嵌入的卡槽。
  10. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，还包括至少一种厚度块，所述厚度块包括厚度部，不同种类厚度块的厚度部厚度是不同的；每一种厚度块均能够安装于所述刀架；
    其中，选择不同种类的厚度块时，所述刀片与所述挡块之间沿所述参考方向的间隔是不同的，且不同的间隔对应于不同的切片厚度。
  11. 根据权利要求11所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，所述挡块上侧设有挡块延伸板，所述厚度块能够沿所述参考方向安装于所述刀架与所述挡块延伸板之间，所述刀片与任意之一厚度块一同安装于所述刀架时，该厚度块的厚度部沿所述参考方向夹在所述刀架与所述挡块延伸板之间。
  12. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，还包括设于所述刀架的退刀块，所述退刀块用于受控下压设于所述刀架的刀片，以使得所述刀片脱离所述刀架。
  13. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的肋软骨切片器，其特征在于，所述刀架通过固定螺丝旋转连接于所述刀座，所述固定螺丝套设有特氟龙垫片与垫圈。
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CN113545893A (zh) * 2021-08-19 2021-10-26 柏为（武汉）医疗科技股份有限公司 一种镫骨假体切割装置

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