WO2021185669A1 - Ensemble vitre présentant une région de commutation capacitive - Google Patents

Ensemble vitre présentant une région de commutation capacitive Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021185669A1
WO2021185669A1 PCT/EP2021/056184 EP2021056184W WO2021185669A1 WO 2021185669 A1 WO2021185669 A1 WO 2021185669A1 EP 2021056184 W EP2021056184 W EP 2021056184W WO 2021185669 A1 WO2021185669 A1 WO 2021185669A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
area
pane
capacitive
capacitive switching
arrangement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/056184
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gabor Varga
Bastian KLAUSS
Christopher Matheisen
Richard STELZER
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority to CN202180001495.8A priority Critical patent/CN113710475A/zh
Publication of WO2021185669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021185669A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/02—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at the vehicle front, e.g. structure of the glazing, mounting of the glazing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/08—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at vehicle sides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D25/00—Window arrangements peculiar to rail vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
    • B63B19/02—Clear-view screens; Windshields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
    • B63B19/08—Ports or like openings in vessels' sides or at the vessels' bow or stern
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C1/14—Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens accessories therefor, e.g. pressure sensors, water deflectors, hinges, seals, handles, latches, windscreen wipers
    • B64C1/1476—Canopies; Windscreens or similar transparent elements
    • B64C1/1492—Structure and mounting of the transparent elements in the window or windscreen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2017/9602—Touch switches characterised by the type or shape of the sensing electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/960755—Constructional details of capacitive touch and proximity switches
    • H03K2217/960765—Details of shielding arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pane arrangement with a composite pane and a capacitive switching area, as well as the use thereof.
  • switching areas can be formed by a flat electrode or by an arrangement of two coupled electrodes, for example as capacitive switching areas. If an object approaches the capacitive switching area, the capacitance of the flat electrode to earth or the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the two coupled electrodes changes.
  • Such switching areas are known, for example, from US 2010/179725 A1, US 6654070 B1, DE 102013241 249 A1 and US 2006/275599 A1.
  • the change in capacitance is measured via a circuit arrangement or sensor electronics and a switching signal is triggered when a threshold value is exceeded.
  • Circuit arrangements for capacitive switches are known, for example, from DE 202006006 192 U1, EP 0899882 A1, US 6,452,514 B1, US 6,828,806 A1 and EP 1 515211 A1.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved disk arrangement with a capacitive switching area, by means of which this disadvantage can be avoided.
  • a touch sensor can be formed in a simple manner with the capacitive switching area.
  • the pane arrangement comprises a composite pane with two panes which are firmly connected to one another by at least one intermediate layer.
  • the disk arrangement further comprises a capacitive sensor arrangement at least one layered capacitive switching area which can be or is connected to capacitive sensor electronics.
  • the capacitive sensor electronics can be part of the pane arrangement.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement comprises on one (layer) side of the capacitive switching area (i.e. outside the plane of the capacitive switching area) a layered cover area which, in a vertical view through the pane, at least partially, advantageously completely, covers the capacitive switching area.
  • the layered cover area is arranged, for example, parallel to the capacitive switching area.
  • At least one layer made of a dielectric material is located between the cover area and the capacitive switching area.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement comprises a layered frame area which at least partially, advantageously completely, frames the capacitive switching area in the plane of the capacitive switching area.
  • the frame area is spatially separated from the capacitive switching area by a coating-free dividing line and / or a dielectric material.
  • Both the cover area and the frame area can each be acted upon or acted upon by an electrical signal based on the capacitance of the capacitive switching area (e.g. signal twin of the electrical test signal of the capacitive switching area).
  • This creates an effective, electrically active shielding of the capacitive switching area from external interference, since the layered areas of the shielding and the capacitive switching area have no potential difference.
  • a test signal is typically applied to the capacitive switching area, which changes depending on the (instantaneous) capacitance of the capacitive switching area. For example, the capacitive switching range is charged in the form of a ramp, the ramp charging depending on the capacitance of the switching range.
  • the capacitive switching area comprises a contact or approach area and a feed area, the cover area covering at least the contact or approach area, in particular the contact or approach area and the feed area, in a vertical view through the pane.
  • the contact or approach area, in particular the contact or approach area and the supply line area, is preferably completely covered by the cover area in a vertical view through the pane.
  • the contact or approach area can in principle have any shape, for example circular, elliptical or teardrop-shaped. Alternatively, angular shapes are possible, for example triangles, squares, rectangles, trapezoids or other quadrangles or polygons of a higher order. In general, it is particularly advantageous if any corners are rounded.
  • the area of contact or approach has, for example, an area of 1 cm 2 to 200 cm 2 , preferably 1 cm 2 to 9 cm 2 .
  • the length of the contact or approach area is, for example, from 1 cm to 14 cm, the maximum width of the contact or approach area be, for example, from 1 cm to 14 cm.
  • the length of the lead area is, for example, 1 cm to 70 cm.
  • the width of the lead area is, for example, from 0.5 mm to 10 mm.
  • the shape of the feed area is preferably rectangular, strip-shaped or linear.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement on the other (layer) side of the capacitive switching area comprises a further layered cover area which, in a vertical view through the pane, at least partially, in particular completely, the supply area , covers, but not the contact or approach area.
  • the further cover area is preferably arranged parallel to the capacitive switching area.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement comprises a carrier film for at least one layered area of the shield.
  • the capacitive switching area and the frame area surrounding it are arranged on one side of the carrier film and the cover region is arranged on the other side of the carrier film. It is also possible that only the capacitive switching range and this surrounding frame area are arranged on one side of the carrier film, the cover area being absent. It is equally possible that only the capacitive switching area (no frame area) is arranged on one side of the carrier film and the cover area is arranged on the other side of the carrier film.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement with carrier film can advantageously be prefabricated or prefabricated and laminated into the composite pane as a prefabricated component.
  • the capacitive switching area and optionally the frame area surrounding it are arranged on one of the two panes and the cover area is arranged on the carrier film.
  • the carrier film is preferably transparent. It preferably contains or consists of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the thickness of the carrier film is preferably from 0.025 mm to 0.1 mm.
  • the carrier film preferably has a relative permittivity of 2 to 4 and particularly preferably 2.7 to 3.3.
  • Particularly good composite panes can be produced with such backing films, since such thin backing films can be integrated well and optically inconspicuous in the composite pane even if they are only arranged in sections. At the same time, good and selective switching signals can be generated.
  • no carrier film is provided for the capacitive sensor arrangement and the capacitive switching area and the frame area are arranged on one pane and the cover area is arranged on the other pane. It is also possible that in this embodiment no frame area or, alternatively, no cover area is provided.
  • the sensor arrangement comprises an electrically conductive layer in which the capacitive switching area is electrically subdivided from the frame area by a coating-free separating line and in which the frame area is electrically subdivided from a surrounding area by a coating-free separating line. It is also possible that no frame area is provided and the capacitive switching area is electrically subdivided from the surrounding area by a coating-free separating line.
  • the sensor arrangement preferably comprises a further electrically conductive layer in which the cover area is surrounded by practice area is electrically divided by a coating-free dividing line.
  • a deck area is provided if no frame area is provided.
  • Such an electrically conductive layer preferably contains a transparent, electrically conductive coating.
  • Transparent here means permeable to electromagnetic radiation, preferably electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 300 nm to 1,300 nm and in particular for visible light.
  • Electrically conductive layers are known, for example, from DE 202008017611 U 1, EP 0 847965 B1 or WO2012 / 052315 A1. They typically contain one or more, for example two, three or four, electrically conductive, functional layers.
  • the functional layers preferably contain at least one metal, for example silver, gold, copper, nickel and / or chromium, or a metal alloy.
  • the functional layers particularly preferably contain at least 90% by weight of the metal, in particular at least 99.9% by weight of the metal.
  • the functional layers can consist of the metal or the metal alloy.
  • the functional layers particularly preferably contain silver or an alloy containing silver. Such functional layers have a particularly advantageous electrical conductivity with a simultaneous high transmission in the visible spectral range.
  • the thickness of a functional layer is preferably from 5 nm to 50 nm, particularly preferably from 8 nm to 25 nm. In this range for the thickness of the functional layer, an advantageously high transmission in the visible spectral range and a particularly advantageous electrical conductivity are achieved.
  • At least one dielectric layer is typically arranged between two adjacent functional layers.
  • a further dielectric layer is preferably arranged below the first and / or above the last functional layer.
  • a dielectric layer contains at least one single layer made of a dielectric material, for example containing a nitride such as silicon nitride or an oxide such as aluminum oxide.
  • the dielectric layer can also comprise a plurality of individual layers, for example individual layers made of a dielectric material, smoothing layers, adaptation layers, blocker layers and / or antireflection layers.
  • the thickness of a dielectric layer is, for example, from 10 nm to 200 nm. This layer structure is generally obtained through a sequence of deposition processes that are carried out using a vacuum process such as magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • SnC> 2: F fluorine-doped tin oxide
  • ZnO aluminum-doped zinc oxide
  • An electrically conductive layer can in principle be any coating that can be electrically contacted. If the composite pane is intended to enable transparency, as is the case, for example, with panes in the window area, the electrically conductive layer is preferably transparent. In an advantageous embodiment, the electrically conductive layer is a layer or a layer structure of several individual layers with a total thickness of less than or equal to 2 ⁇ m, particularly preferably less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m.
  • a transparent electrically conductive layer advantageously has a surface resistance of 0.4 ohms / square to 200 ohms / square.
  • the electrically conductive layer has a sheet resistance of 0.5 ohm / square to 20 ohm / square. Coatings with such surface resistances are particularly suitable for heating vehicle windows with typical on-board voltages of 12 V to 48 volts or in electric vehicles with typical on-board voltages of up to 500 V.
  • An electrically conductive layer is preferably arranged on the surface of the carrier film.
  • the electrically conductive layer can extend over the entire surface of one side of the carrier film. Alternatively, however, the electrically conductive layer can also extend only over part of the surface of the carrier film.
  • the electrically conductive layer can have one or more uncoated zones. These zones can be transparent to electromagnetic radiation and are known, for example, as data transmission windows or communication windows.
  • the electrically conductive layer is arranged at a width of 2 mm to 50 mm, preferably 5 mm to 20 mm, from the edge of the composite pane.
  • the electrically conductive layer then has no contact with the atmosphere and is advantageously protected from damage and corrosion in the interior of the composite pane by the intermediate layers.
  • the width of the dividing lines for the electrical subdivision of an electrically conductive layer is from 30 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m and preferably from 70 ⁇ m to 140 ⁇ m. Such thin dividing lines allow safe and sufficiently high electrical insulation and at the same time do not interfere with the view through the composite pane, or only slightly.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement is preferably at least partially, in particular completely, laminated in the composite pane, it being particularly advantageous if the sensor arrangement comprises a carrier film and the capacitive sensor arrangement is in the form of a prefabricated component and is at least partially laminated in the composite pane.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement is arranged on an outside surface of the first pane or on an outside surface of the second pane.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement on one (layer) side of the capacitive switching area comprises a further layered cover area which at least partially, in particular completely, covers the capacitive switching area in a vertical view through the pane. No potential or mass can be applied to or applied to the further cover area, with this passive shielding being able to achieve a further improvement.
  • a further layered cover area can be arranged, which in a vertical view through the pane covers the supply area at least partially, in particular completely, but does not cover the contact or approach area.
  • These additional cover areas are designed analogously to the cover areas of the electrically active shielding, i.e. the electrically active shielding and the electrically passive shielding of the contact or approach area are arranged on the same side of the contact or approach area.
  • the switching area is a capacitive switching area, that is, it is specially designed for capacitive touch detection.
  • the switching area forms a flat electrode.
  • a capacitive Sensor electronics measure the capacitance of the surface electrode.
  • the capacitance of the surface electrode changes with respect to earth when a body (for example a human body) comes near it or, for example, touches an insulating layer above the surface electrode.
  • the change in capacitance is measured by the sensor electronics and a switching signal is triggered when a threshold value is exceeded.
  • the switching range is determined by the shape and size of the surface electrode.
  • the area of an electrically conductive layer that is arranged outside of the capacitive switching area can be or can be connected to the capacitive sensor electronics via a further connection area.
  • the capacitive switching area and the surrounding area form two electrodes which are capacitively coupled to one another.
  • the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the electrodes changes when a body approaches, for example a human body part.
  • the change in capacitance is measured by the sensor electronics and a switching signal is triggered when a threshold value is exceeded.
  • the sensitive area is determined by the shape and size of the area in which the electrodes are capacitively coupled.
  • the output switching signals can be arbitrary and adapted to the requirements of the respective use.
  • the switching signal can mean a positive voltage, for example 12 V, no switching signal can mean 0 V, for example, and another switching signal can mean + 6V, for example.
  • the switching signals can also correspond to the common voltages CAN_High and CAN_Low on a CAN bus and change by a voltage value in between.
  • the switching signal can also be pulsed and / or digitally coded.
  • the sensitivity of the sensor electronics can be determined in the context of simple experiments as a function of the size of the contact or approach area and as a function of the thickness of the first pane, intermediate layer and second pane.
  • the capacitive switching area is connected to a flat conductor and the flat conductor is led out of the pane.
  • the integrated pane arrangement can then This can easily be connected at the point of use with a voltage source and a signal line that evaluates the switching signal of the sensor circuit, for example se in a vehicle via a CAN bus.
  • the first pane and / or the second pane preferably contain glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide , Polyester, polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof.
  • the first pane and / or the second pane are preferably transparent, in particular for the use of the composite pane as a windshield or rear pane of a vehicle or other uses in which a high level of light transmission is desired. Transparent in the context of the invention is then understood to mean a pane that has a transmission in the visible spectral range of greater than 70%. For windows that are not in the driver's field of vision relevant to traffic, for example for roof windows, the transmission can also be much lower, for example greater than 5%.
  • the thickness of the first disk and / or the second disk can vary widely and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. Standard thicknesses from 1.0 mm to 25 mm, preferably from 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm for vehicle glass and preferably from 4 mm to 25 mm for furniture, appliances and buildings, in particular for electric radiators, are preferably used.
  • the size of the composite pane can vary widely and depends on the size of the use according to the invention.
  • the composite pane has an area of 200 cm 2 up to 20 m 2, which is customary in vehicle construction and architecture, for example.
  • the composite pane can have any three-dimensional shape.
  • the three-dimensional shape preferably has no shadow zones, so that it can be coated, for example, by cathode sputtering.
  • the discs can be colorless or colored.
  • the first pane and the second pane are firmly connected to one another by at least one intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer is preferably transparent.
  • the intermediate layer preferably contains at least one plastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the intermediate layer can also, for example, polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyacrylate, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene propylenes, polyvinyl fluoride and / or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene , or copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • the intermediate layer can be formed by one or also by several films arranged one above the other, the thickness of a film preferably being from 0.025 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.
  • the intermediate layer is preferably thermoplastic and, after lamination, bonds the first pane and the second pane to one another.
  • the flat conductor is preferably designed as a foil conductor or a flexible foil conductor (flat conductor, ribbon conductor).
  • Foil conductor is understood to mean an electrical conductor whose width is significantly greater than its thickness.
  • a foil conductor comprises, for example, at least one strip or band (contact track) containing or consisting of copper, tinned copper, aluminum, silver, gold or alloys thereof.
  • the foil conductor has, for example, a width of 2 mm to 16 mm and a thickness of 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm.
  • the film conductor can have an insulating, preferably polymeric sheathing, for example based on polyimide.
  • Foil conductors which are suitable for contacting electrically conductive coatings in panes, only have a total thickness of, for example, 0.3 mm. Such thin film conductors can be embedded between the individual panes in the preferably thermoplastic intermediate layer without difficulty.
  • thin metal wires can also be used as an electrical lead.
  • the metal wires contain in particular copper, tungsten, gold, silver or aluminum or alloys of at least two of these metals.
  • the alloys can also contain molybdenum, rhenium, osmium, iridium, palladium or platinum.
  • the electrical line connection between the capacitive switching area and a flat conductor is preferably made using electrically conductive adhesives, which enable a secure and permanent electrical line connection.
  • the electrical line connection can also be made by clamping, since the clamping connection is fixed by the lamination process so that it does not slip.
  • the electrically conductive layer (s) can be applied by methods known per se, preferably by magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering. This is particularly advantageous with regard to a simple, fast, inexpensive and uniform coating.
  • the electrically conductive layer can, however, also be applied, for example, by vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), plasma-assisted gas phase deposition (PECVD) or by wet-chemical processes.
  • the stripping of individual dividing lines in the electrically conductive layer is preferably carried out by a laser beam.
  • Methods for structuring thin metal films are known, for example, from EP 2 200 097 A1 or EP 2 139 049 A1.
  • the width of the stripping is preferably 10 pm to 1000 pm, particularly preferably 30 pm to 200 pm and in particular 70 pm to 140 pm. In this area, a particularly clean and residue-free stripping takes place using the laser beam.
  • the stripping by means of a laser beam is particularly advantageous, since the stripped lines are optically very inconspicuous and only slightly impair the appearance and transparency.
  • the stripping of a line with a width that is wider than the width of a laser cut is carried out by repeatedly tracing the line with the laser beam. The process duration and the process costs therefore increase as the line width increases.
  • the stripping can be carried out by mechanical removal as well as by chemical or physical etching.
  • the layered areas can be printed on, for example by means of a metal-containing and in particular silver-containing, electrically conductive printing paste.
  • the intermediate layer can be formed by a single or also by two or more foils which are arranged one above the other in terms of area.
  • the first pane and the second pane are preferably connected under the action of heat, vacuum and / or pressure.
  • Methods known per se for producing a composite pane can be used. For example, so-called autoclave processes can be carried out at an elevated pressure of about 10 bar to 15 bar and temperatures of 130 ° C. to 145 ° C. for about 2 hours.
  • Vacuum bag or vacuum ring processes known per se work, for example, at around 200 mbar and 80 ° C to 110 ° C.
  • the first disk, the thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second disk can also be pressed into a disk in a calender between at least one pair of rollers.
  • Systems of this type are known for the production of panes and normally have at least one heating tunnel in front of a press shop.
  • the temperature during the pressing process is, for example, from 40 ° C to 150 ° C.
  • Combinations of calender and autoclave processes have proven particularly useful in practice.
  • vacuum laminators can be used. These consist of one or more heatable and evacuable chambers in which the first pane and the second pane are laminated within, for example, about 60 minutes at reduced pressures of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and temperatures of 80 ° C to 170 ° C.
  • the invention further includes the use of the pane arrangement according to the invention in buildings, in particular in the access area, window area, roof area or facade area, as a built-in part in furniture and appliances, in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, especially in trains, ships and motor vehicles, for example as a windshield, rear window, side window and / or roof window.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view through an embodiment of the disc arrangement according to the Invention
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the disk assembly of FIG.
  • FIGS. 5-6 alternative configurations of the disk arrangement from FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 in which an embodiment of the pane arrangement 100 according to the invention is illustrated by means of a cross-sectional representation.
  • the pane arrangement 100 comprises a composite pane 1.
  • the pane arrangement 100 is cut perpendicular to the plane of the pane.
  • the composite pane 1 is, for example, a vehicle window and in particular the windshield of a passenger car.
  • the dimensions of the composite pane 1 are, for example, 0.9 m ⁇ 1.5 m.
  • the composite pane 1 comprises a first pane 2 and a second pane 3, which are firmly connected to one another by at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer 4.
  • the first pane 2 is provided, for example, to be arranged in the installed position on the interior side of a vehicle.
  • the first pane 2 can accordingly be an inner pane, the second pane 3 an outer pane.
  • the second disk 3 has an outside surface I and an inside surface II
  • the first disk 2 has an inside surface III and an outside surface IV.
  • the two inside surfaces II and III face the intermediate layer 4, the two outside surfaces I and IV face away from the intermediate layer 4.
  • the two panes 2, 3 are preferably made of glass, for example soda-lime glass.
  • the thickness of the first disk 2 is, for example, 1.6 mm and the thickness of the second disk 3 is, for example, 2.1 mm. It goes without saying that the two disks 2, 3 can have any thickness and can, for example, also have the same thickness.
  • the intermediate layer 4 is a thermoplastic intermediate layer and consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). She knows for example a thickness of 0.38 mm, it being understood that the intermediate layer 4 can also have a different thickness.
  • the pane arrangement 100 has a capacitive sensor arrangement, denoted overall by the reference number 101, which is shown in FIG. 1 only in a schematic manner. Specific configurations of the capacitive sensor arrangement 101 result from FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement 101 can be located between the two panes 2, 3, as shown in FIG. In this case, the capacitive sensor arrangement 101 is flat so that it can be laminated between the two panes 2, 3. Equally, however, it is also possible for the capacitive sensor arrangement 101 to be located on the outside surface IV of the first pane 2 or on the outside surface I of the second pane 3.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement 101 comprises at least one capacitive switching area 5, which is electrically connected to capacitive sensor electronics 7.
  • the capacitive switching area 5 is designed as a layered area.
  • the capacitive switching area 5 has a first side facing the first pane 2 and a second side facing the second pane 3.
  • the capacitive switching area 5 comprises a contact or approach area 15 and a lead area 16, which electrically connects the contact or approach area 15 to the capacitive sensor electronics 7.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement 101 comprises a shield, denoted overall by the reference number 102, against capacitive interference signals, which is composed of one or more layered areas, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the shield 102 serves to shield parasitic (interference) influences on the capacitive switching area 5. It is essential here that the shield 102 has at least one (electrically active) layered area that can be or can be acted upon by an electrical signal (e.g. potential or frequency). is applied, which is the same as the electrical test signal of the capacitive switching area 5, which changes depending on its electrical capacitance. It is preferably a signal twin of the capacitance-based electrical (test) signal of the capacitive switching area 5.
  • an electrical signal e.g. potential or frequency
  • the shielding 102 comprises on the side of the switching area 5 facing the first pane 2 (e.g. inner pane) (preferably in a plane parallel to the level of the capacitive switching area 5) a layered cover area 8, which in a vertical view through the composite pane 1 is the capacitive Switching range 5 at least partially, preferably completely, covered. At least the contact or approach area 15 is advantageously completely covered.
  • the layered cover area 8 is electrically separated from the capacitive switching area 5 by an electrically insulating layer, which is not shown in FIG.
  • the layered cover area 8 is electrically connected to the capacitive sensor electronics 7 and is acted upon by the capacitive sensor electronics 7 with a signal twin of the test signal of the capacitive switching area 5 that changes as a function of the (instantaneous) capacitance.
  • the shielding 102 comprises on the side of the capacitive switching area 5 facing the second pane 3 (e.g. outer pane) (preferably in a plane parallel to the plane of the capacitive switching area 5) a further layered cover area 8 ', which in a vertical view through the composite pane 1 denotes Feed area 16 at least partially, preferably completely, covered.
  • the layered cover area 8 ' is electrically separated from the capacitive switching area 5 by an electrically insulating layer, which is not shown in FIG.
  • the layered cover area 8 ′ does not cover the capacitive switching area 5, so that a capacitive change due to an external influence on the side of the second pane 3 can be detected (useful signal).
  • the layered cover area 8 ′ is also electrically connected to the capacitive sensor electronics 7 and is acted upon by the capacitive sensor electronics 7 with a signal twin of the test signal from the capacitive switching area 5.
  • the shielding 102 comprises a layered frame area 9 in the plane of the capacitive switching area 5, which frames the capacitive switching area 5, preferably completely frames it, as far as this is possible.
  • the frame area 9 is electrically separated from the capacitive switching area 5 by a coating-free separating line and / or a dielectric material.
  • the layered frame area 9 is also electrically connected to the capacitive sensor electronics 7 and is acted upon by the capacitive sensor electronics 7 with a signal twin of the test signal of the capacitive switching area 5.
  • the layered one advantageously covers Cover area 8, which is arranged on the side of the capacitive switching area 5 facing the first pane 2, also at least partially, in particular completely, the frame area 9 in a vertical view through the composite pane 1.
  • the shield 102 optionally further comprises at least one (electrically passive) layer-shaped area, to which either no electrical potential or ground is applied.
  • the shielding 102 comprises a further layered cover area 8 ′′ on the side of the switching area 5 facing the first pane 2 (eg inner pane), which in a vertical view through the composite pane 1 at least partially, preferably completely, covers the capacitive switching area 5 8 ′′ is electrically separated from the layered cover area 8 by an electrically insulating layer, which is not shown in FIG.
  • the shielding 102 comprises, on the side of the feed area 16 facing the second pane 3 (eg outer pane), a further layered cover area 8 "'which, in a vertical view through the composite pane 1, covers the feed area 16 at least partially, preferably completely
  • the layered cover area 8 ′′ ′ is electrically separated from the layered cover area 8 ′ by an electrically insulating layer, which is not shown in FIG.
  • the passive shielding can further reduce the impairment caused by parasitic capacitive (interference) influences.
  • the capacitive switching area 5 in the direction of the second pane 3 (e.g. in the direction of the outer pane) is not covered by any layered area belonging to the shield 102, a change in capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5 caused on the side of the second pane 3 can be detected (for example by Moisture on the outside surface I of the second pane 3).
  • the capacitive switching area 5 in the direction of the first pane 2 e.g.
  • the (instantaneous) capacity of the capacitive switching area 5 can be determined in relation to a surrounding area, which is explained in more detail in connection with FIG. In this way, in particular, a change in the capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5 caused by external influences can be detected.
  • the capacitive sensor electronics 7 generally comprise a plurality of components which are used to process, in particular conditioning, an electrical signal based on the (variable) capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5, for example readout electronics, amplifiers, AD converters and the like.
  • the sensor electronics 7 are flat and laminated between the two panes 2, 3.
  • a digital and / or analog output signal is output via an output line 17.
  • the shield 102 comprises at least one layered area 8, 8 ', 9 to which an electrical signal is applied which is based on an electrical (test) signal that depends on the (instantaneous) capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5 to detect the Capacity of the electrical switching area 5 based (e.g. signal twin of the test signal of the capacitive switching area 5).
  • test an electrical
  • the voltage drop between the at least one layered area of the shield 102 and the capacitive switching area 5 is zero and capacitive interference signals are filtered out as a result.
  • the shielding effect is further improved by the optional passive shielding.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the pane arrangement 100, which differs from the pane arrangement 100 from FIG.
  • the design of the pane arrangement 100 from FIG. 3 differs from the pane arrangement 100 from FIG. 1 only in that the capacitive sensor electronics 7 are arranged outside the composite pane 1.
  • the capacitive switching area 5 is connected to the capacitive sensor electronics 7 via a flat conductor 6.
  • FIG. 4 in which an exemplary embodiment of the composite pane arrangement 100 from FIG. 3 is illustrated with the aid of a perspective exploded view.
  • the capacitive sensor arrangement 101 laminated between the two panes 2, 3 comprises a carrier film 12, for example a transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film with a thickness of, for example, 0.05 mm.
  • a (first) electrically conductive layer 13 is applied to the side of the carrier film 12 facing the first pane 2, and a (second) electrically conductive layer 13 ′ is applied to the side of the carrier film 12 facing the second pane 3.
  • the carrier film 12 is offset, for example, by a distance of, for example, approximately 8 mm from the edge of the pane into the interior of the pane.
  • This area is hermetically sealed by gluing the intermediate layer 4 during lamination, so that the electrically conductive layers 13, 13 'are protected from moisture from the vicinity of the laminated pane 1 and thus from corrosion and damage.
  • the two electrically conductive layers 13, 13 ' are each subdivided by coating-free separating lines 14 into different, electrically isolated (layered) regions, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • a capacitive switching area 5 is electrically divided from a frame area 9 by a dividing line 14.
  • the capacitive switching area 5 comprises a, for example, disk-shaped contact or approach area 15, which merges into a strip-shaped supply line area 16.
  • the feed area 16 extends up to the edge of the carrier film 12.
  • the contact or approach area 15 can have any shape and can be, for example, teardrop-shaped or square.
  • the frame area 9 follows the outer contour of the capacitive switching area 5 and frames the capacitive switching area 5 as far as possible.
  • the frame area 9 thus completely surrounds the capacitive switching area 5, except for the terminal section of the feed area 16, which is located on the edge of the carrier film 12.
  • the frame area 9 is for its part electrically subdivided from a surrounding area 17 by a dividing line 14 ′.
  • the capacitive switching area 5 and the frame area 9 are electrically conductively connected to a (first) flat conductor 18 (e.g. foil conductor).
  • the flat conductor 18 comprises at least two conductor tracks 19, 19 'which are accessible in a connection area 20, with a (first) conductor track 19 via a (first) electrical connection 21 to the capacitive switching area 5 and a (second) conductor track 19' via a (Second) electrical connection 21 'is electrically connected to the frame area 9.
  • a secure electrically conductive connection is preferably achieved by an electrically conductive adhesive.
  • a cover area 8 is electrically divided from a surrounding area 17' by a dividing line 14 ".
  • the cover area 8 completely covers the capacitive switching area 5 and optionally also the frame area 9.
  • the cover area 8 has a shape which corresponds to a combination of capacitive switching area 5 and frame area 9, it being understood that the cover area 8 can also have a different shape as long as it is ensured that at least the capacitive switching area 5, advantageously the capacitive switching area 5 and the frame area 9, are completely covered.
  • the cover area 8 is electrically conductively connected to a (second) flat conductor 18 '(foil conductor) a connection area 20 'is accessible, the conductor track 19 "via an electrical surface connection 21 ′′ is electrically connected to the deck area 8.
  • a secure electrically conductive connection is preferably achieved by an electrically conductive adhesive.
  • the conductor tracks 19, 19 ', 19 "of the flat conductors 18, 18' consist, for example, of a 50 ⁇ m thick copper foil which is insulated outside the respective connection area 20, 20 'with a polyimide layer beyond the edge of the composite pane 1.
  • the flat conductors 18, 18 ' are each partially laminated into the two panes 2, 3.
  • the two flat conductors 18, 18 ′ are each electrically connected to the capacitive sensor electronics 7.
  • the surrounding area 17 of the electrically conductive layer 13 is also connected to the capacitive sensor electronics 7, which is not shown in more detail in FIG.
  • the capacitive sensor electronics 7 are suitable for precisely measuring changes in capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5 with respect to the surrounding area 17 and for transmitting a switching signal, for example to the CAN bus of a vehicle, as a function of a threshold value. Any functions in the vehicle can be switched using the switching signal. For example, lighting in or on the laminated pane 1 can be switched on or off. If the composite pane 1 is used, for example, as a windshield in a motor vehicle, the length of the feed area 16 can be selected so that the driver of the vehicle or the passenger can comfortably reach the contact or approach area 15 of the capacitive switching area 5.
  • the structure and coordination of the capacitive sensor electronics 7 are coordinated such that when a body part such as a finger touches or approaches the outer pane surface IV of the first pane 2, a switching signal is triggered above the contact or approach area 15.
  • the thicknesses and the materials of the composite pane 1 are suitably selected.
  • An electrical signal (ie electrical potential) is applied to the frame area 9 via the (first) flat conductor 18, which is based on the detected (instantaneous) capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5 and is similar to the (test) signal which is transmitted through the conductor track 19 becomes (twin signal).
  • the cover area 8 is acted upon by such a twin signal via the (second) flat conductor 18 '.
  • the potential difference between the frame area 9 and the capacitive switching area 5 and the conductor track 19 connected to it is thus zero.
  • the potential difference between the cover area 8 and the capacitive switching area 5 and the conductor track 19 connected to it is zero.
  • This electrically active shielding allows parasitic influences on the capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5 to be shielded, so that even small changes in capacitance can be detected as a useful signal.
  • the cover area 8 is arranged on the side of the capacitive switching area 5 facing the second pane 3, so that external influences on the capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5 are detected from the first pane 2 can.
  • the (first) electrically conductive layer 13 and the (second) electrically conductive layer 13 ′ are electrically separated by the carrier film 12.
  • the optional passive shielding explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3 is not shown in FIG.
  • This can for example be designed as a coating with an electrically conductive material of the inside surface II of the second pane 3 and the inside surface III of the first pane 2, with an electrical separation to the (first) electrically conductive layer 13 and to the (second) electrically conductive layer 13 'can take place through a respective dielectric layer.
  • the dividing lines 14, 14 ', 14 each preferably have a width of, for example, 100 ⁇ m and are introduced into the associated electrically conductive layer 13, 13', for example by laser structuring. Dividing lines with such a small width are optically barely perceptible and interfere with transparency due to the composite pane 1 only a little, which is particularly important for use in vehicles for driving safety and is also particularly aesthetic.
  • FIG. 4 A particular advantage of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 can be seen in the fact that the capacitive sensor arrangement 101 can be prefabricated or assembled, and can be laminated as a prefabricated component between the panes 2, 3.
  • the two flat conductors 18, 18 ′ are led out of the area between the two disks 2, 3.
  • a further cover area (not shown) to be arranged on the opposite side of the flat conductor 18 in overlap with the supply line area 16, as is illustrated schematically in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIG. 5 an alternative embodiment of the disk arrangement 100 is shown, which differs from the embodiment of FIG. 4 only in the arrangement of the electrically conductive layers 13, 13 '. Accordingly, there is no carrier film
  • FIG. 6 Another alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 6, which again differs from the embodiment of FIG. 4 only in the arrangement of the electrically conductive layers 13, 13 '.
  • the (first) electrically conductive layer is accordingly
  • the (second) electrically conductive layer 13 ' is applied to the surface of a carrier film 12' facing the second pane 3.
  • the capacitive sensor electronics 7 are suitable for precisely measuring changes in capacitance of the capacitive switching area 5 with respect to the surrounding area 17 and for transmitting a switching signal to the CAN bus of a vehicle, for example, as a function of a threshold value. Any functions in or on the vehicle can be switched via the switching signal.
  • the composite pane 1 can have a functional layer for controlling the optical transparency, the optical transparency of which can be changed by the switching signal. Alternatively or additionally, other electrical functions such as electrical heating or electrical lighting can also be controlled.
  • the length of the feed area 16 can be selected so that the driver of the vehicle, the front passenger or passengers in the rear seats can comfortably reach the contact or approach area 15.
  • a plurality of carrier films 12, 12 ′ are also arranged in the laminated pane 1 for this purpose can be, for example, one carrier film 12, 12 'for each
  • the invention provides a novel disk arrangement, by means of which parasitic (interference) influences on the capacitance of the capacitive switching area can be effectively filtered out.
  • the disk arrangement can be produced easily and inexpensively in industrial series production.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un ensemble vitre (100) comprenant : - une vitre composite (1) comprenant deux vitres (2, 3) qui sont reliées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'au moins une couche intermédiaire (4), - un ensemble capteur capacitif (101) ayant au moins une région de commutation capacitive lamellaire (5), qui peut être connectée à une électronique de capteur capacitif (7, 7', 7''), l'ensemble capteur capacitif (10) comprenant : - une région de recouvrement lamellaire (8) sur un côté de la région de commutation capacitive (5), ladite région de recouvrement recouvrant au moins partiellement la région de commutation capacitive (5) dans une vue perpendiculaire à travers la vitre (1) et/ou une région de cadre lamellaire (9), qui encadre au moins partiellement la région de commutation capacitive (5) dans le plan de la région de commutation capacitive (5), la région de recouvrement (8) et la région de cadre (9) pouvant chacune être alimentées en un signal électrique sur la base de la capacité de la région de commutation capacitive (5).
PCT/EP2021/056184 2020-03-18 2021-03-11 Ensemble vitre présentant une région de commutation capacitive WO2021185669A1 (fr)

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CN202180001495.8A CN113710475A (zh) 2020-03-18 2021-03-11 具有电容性开关区域的玻璃板组件

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EP20163903 2020-03-18

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US6452514B1 (en) 1999-01-26 2002-09-17 Harald Philipp Capacitive sensor and array
US6654070B1 (en) 2001-03-23 2003-11-25 Michael Edward Rofe Interactive heads up display (IHUD)
EP0847965B1 (fr) 1996-12-12 2004-10-20 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage comprenant un substrat muni d'un empilement de couches minces pour la protection solaire et-ou l'isolation thermique
US6828806B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2004-12-07 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Electrostatic capacitance sensor, electrostatic capacitance sensor component, object mounting body and object mounting apparatus
EP1515211A1 (fr) 2003-09-09 2005-03-16 Delphi Technologies Inc. Commande tactile à capteurs capacitifs pour lève-vitre ou toit-ouvrant électrique
DE202006006192U1 (de) 2006-04-18 2006-07-27 Captron Electronic Gmbh Türbetätigungstaster
US20060275599A1 (en) 2003-01-10 2006-12-07 Hugues Lefevre Glazing comprising electronics elements
EP2139049A1 (fr) 2008-06-25 2009-12-30 Schneeberger Holding AG Dispositif destiné à structurer un module solaire
DE202008017611U1 (de) 2008-12-20 2010-04-22 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Scheibenförmiges, transparentes, elektrisch beheizbares Verbundmaterial
EP2200097A1 (fr) 2008-12-16 2010-06-23 Saint-Gobain Glass France S.A. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un dispositif photovoltaïque et système de formation d'un objet
US20100179725A1 (en) 2007-03-16 2010-07-15 Pilkington Group Limited Interactive vehicle glazing
WO2012052315A1 (fr) 2010-10-19 2012-04-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitre transparente
DE102013214249A1 (de) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Folienverbunds und Folienverbund
US20200070478A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2020-03-05 Saint-Gobain Glass France Pane arrangement comprising a composite pane having an extended capacitive switching region

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0847965B1 (fr) 1996-12-12 2004-10-20 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage comprenant un substrat muni d'un empilement de couches minces pour la protection solaire et-ou l'isolation thermique
EP0899882A1 (fr) 1997-06-26 1999-03-03 captron electronic gmbh Circuit pour un interrupteur capacitif de proximité
US6452514B1 (en) 1999-01-26 2002-09-17 Harald Philipp Capacitive sensor and array
US6828806B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2004-12-07 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Electrostatic capacitance sensor, electrostatic capacitance sensor component, object mounting body and object mounting apparatus
US6654070B1 (en) 2001-03-23 2003-11-25 Michael Edward Rofe Interactive heads up display (IHUD)
US20060275599A1 (en) 2003-01-10 2006-12-07 Hugues Lefevre Glazing comprising electronics elements
EP1515211A1 (fr) 2003-09-09 2005-03-16 Delphi Technologies Inc. Commande tactile à capteurs capacitifs pour lève-vitre ou toit-ouvrant électrique
DE202006006192U1 (de) 2006-04-18 2006-07-27 Captron Electronic Gmbh Türbetätigungstaster
US20100179725A1 (en) 2007-03-16 2010-07-15 Pilkington Group Limited Interactive vehicle glazing
EP2139049A1 (fr) 2008-06-25 2009-12-30 Schneeberger Holding AG Dispositif destiné à structurer un module solaire
EP2200097A1 (fr) 2008-12-16 2010-06-23 Saint-Gobain Glass France S.A. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un dispositif photovoltaïque et système de formation d'un objet
DE202008017611U1 (de) 2008-12-20 2010-04-22 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Scheibenförmiges, transparentes, elektrisch beheizbares Verbundmaterial
WO2012052315A1 (fr) 2010-10-19 2012-04-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitre transparente
DE102013214249A1 (de) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Folienverbunds und Folienverbund
US20200070478A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2020-03-05 Saint-Gobain Glass France Pane arrangement comprising a composite pane having an extended capacitive switching region

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CN113710475A (zh) 2021-11-26

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