WO2021184478A1 - 光伏建筑幕墙组件 - Google Patents
光伏建筑幕墙组件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021184478A1 WO2021184478A1 PCT/CN2020/085311 CN2020085311W WO2021184478A1 WO 2021184478 A1 WO2021184478 A1 WO 2021184478A1 CN 2020085311 W CN2020085311 W CN 2020085311W WO 2021184478 A1 WO2021184478 A1 WO 2021184478A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- curtain wall
- cavity
- power generation
- light
- film
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper indium Chemical compound [Cu].[In] HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QNWMNMIVDYETIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium(ii) selenide Chemical compound [Se]=[Ga] QNWMNMIVDYETIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 52
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013082 photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
- E04B2/92—Sandwich-type panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to photovoltaic building curtain wall components.
- curtain walls adopt photovoltaic technology, that is, the curtain wall installed on the surface of the building can be used for power generation.
- photovoltaic power generation structure there is a photovoltaic power generation structure on it, and the photovoltaic power generation structure can absorb light to generate electricity.
- some existing curtain walls do not have good sound insulation and heat insulation effects.
- the indoor temperature adjustment requires excessive use of air conditioning systems, which increases the energy consumption of the building. Outdoor noise is also easy to interfere with the indoors.
- the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic building curtain wall assembly, which can have better sound insulation and heat insulation effects and reduce energy consumption in building use.
- the photovoltaic building curtain wall assembly includes: a curtain wall body having a first cavity therein; and a power generation structure, the power generation structure being arranged in the first cavity.
- the photovoltaic building curtain wall assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least one beneficial effect: the first cavity is provided in the curtain wall body, so that the curtain wall body is hollow, which can have better sound insulation and heat insulation effects and reduce outdoor noisy environments
- the impact on the room is to reduce the heat exchange between indoor and outdoor, so that the indoor can maintain a more suitable temperature, without excessive use of air conditioning systems to adjust the indoor temperature, and reduce the energy consumption of the building.
- the curtain wall body includes a supporting front plate, an outer frame, and a supporting back plate that are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the supporting front plate, the outer frame, and the supporting back plate surround the In the first cavity, the supporting front plate is configured to be light-transmissive.
- the supporting front plate includes a light-transmitting plate and a light-transmitting film layer covering the bottom surface of the light-transmitting plate.
- the light-transmitting film layer includes at least one of an energy-saving film, a light-transmitting colorful glaze film, and a colorful film.
- a second cavity is provided on the inner side of the outer frame, and the second cavity communicates with the first cavity, the first cavity and/or the second cavity There is a desiccant inside.
- the power generation structure includes: a light-permeable package backplane; a power generation layer covering the bottom surface of the package backplane, and the power generation layer includes front electrodes arranged sequentially from top to bottom Layer, solar absorption layer and back electrode layer.
- an encapsulation glue layer is connected between the encapsulation backplane and the main body of the curtain wall.
- the encapsulant layer covers the power generation layer.
- the solar absorption layer includes at least an amorphous silicon film, a cadmium telluride film, a copper indium gallium selenium film, a crystalline silicon cell, a heterojunction cell, a perovskite film, and a dye-sensitized film And one of the gallium arsenide films.
- a junction box is further included, and the junction box is electrically connected to the power generation structure.
- Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a photovoltaic building curtain wall assembly of the present invention.
- curtain wall body 100 supporting front plate 110, light transmitting plate 111, light transmitting film layer 112, outer frame 120, supporting back plate 130, power generation structure 200, package back plate 210, power generation layer 220, front electrode layer 221 , Solar absorption layer 222, back electrode layer 223, encapsulation layer 300, first cavity 410, second cavity 420
- the photovoltaic building curtain wall assembly includes a curtain wall main body 100 and a power generation structure 200.
- the curtain wall main body 100 has a first cavity 410 therein, and the power generation structure 200 is disposed in the first cavity 410.
- Light can be projected into the first cavity 410 through the main body 100 of the curtain wall.
- the power generation structure 200 in the first cavity 410 absorbs the light and converts it into electrical energy, thereby realizing power generation.
- the main body 100 of the curtain wall is a hollow structure, which can have a better sound insulation and heat insulation effect, and reduce the influence of the outdoor noisy environment on the indoors.
- the curtain wall body 100 includes a supporting front plate 110, an outer frame 120 and a supporting back plate 130 that are sequentially connected from top to bottom.
- the supporting front plate 110, the outer frame 120 and the supporting back plate 130 enclose a first cavity 410.
- the supporting front plate 110 is configured to be light-transmissive, so that light can be projected to the first cavity 410 through the supporting front plate 110.
- the supporting front plate 110 includes a light-transmitting plate 111 and a light-transmitting film layer 112, and the light-transmitting film layer 112 is covered on the bottom surface of the light-transmitting plate 111.
- the light-transmitting plate 111 may be tempered glass or ultra-white light-transmitting glass.
- the light-transmitting film layer 112 includes at least one of an energy-saving film, a light-transmitting colorful glaze film, and a colorful film.
- different light-transmitting film layers 112 can be selected according to the needs of users.
- one of the three types of energy-saving film, light-transmitting colorful glaze film and colorful film can be covered only on the bottom surface of the light-transmitting plate 111. Two or three of them can be covered. When two or three are covered, one of the light-transmitting film layers 112 can be covered on the bottom surface of the light-transmitting plate 111, and then the light-transmitting film layer 112 can be covered.
- Another light-transmitting film layer 112 is provided.
- the light-transmitting film layer 112 may not be covered on the bottom surface of the light-transmitting plate 111.
- the front support plate 110 and the outer frame 120 may be connected by bonding, and the outer frame 120 and the front support 110 may also be connected by bonding.
- the support front plate 110 and the outer frame 120, and the outer frame 120 and the support front plate 110 can also be connected by fasteners such as bolts and press buckles.
- a second cavity 420 is provided inside the outer frame 120, and the second cavity 420 communicates with the first cavity 410.
- a desiccant is provided in the second cavity 420, and the desiccant can absorb water to avoid fogging in the first cavity 410.
- a desiccant may be disposed in the first cavity 410, or a desiccant may be disposed in both the first cavity 410 and the second cavity 420.
- the power generation structure 200 includes an encapsulation backplane 210 and a power generation layer 220.
- the encapsulation backplane 210 is configured to be light-transmissive.
- the power generation layer 220 is covered on the bottom surface of the encapsulation backplane 210.
- the power generation layer 220 includes The front electrode layer 221, the solar energy absorption layer 222, and the back electrode layer 223 are arranged.
- the package backsheet 210 is first provided, a light-transmissive conductive oxide film is deposited on the package backsheet 210 as the front electrode layer 221, the solar absorption layer 222 is arranged on the front electrode layer 221, and then the solar absorption layer 222 A back electrode layer 223 is deposited on the surface.
- the solar absorption layer 222 includes at least amorphous silicon film, cadmium telluride film, copper indium gallium selenium film, crystalline silicon cell, heterojunction cell, perovskite film, dye-sensitized film, and gallium arsenide film. A sort of. One or more of them can be selected and disposed on the back electrode layer 223 according to needs. In addition, the solar absorbing layer 222 can also adopt other organic or inorganic thin films, which will not be listed here.
- the solar absorbing layer 222 has pores through which light can pass. Specifically, when the solar absorbing layer 222 is a thin film, part of the solar absorbing layer 222 can be removed by laser etching, so that the solar absorbing layer 222 is partially removed and hollowed out to form the pores to achieve a light transmission effect; When the layer 222 uses crystalline silicon cells, the crystalline silicon cells are arranged at intervals, and the pores are formed between adjacent crystalline silicon cells.
- the supporting back plate 130 can be made of tempered glass, and the thickness of the supporting back plate 130 is not less than 5 mm to ensure that it has sufficient strength.
- the package backplane 210 and the light-transmitting plate 111 may also be light-transmissive plates made of other materials.
- An encapsulation glue layer 300 is connected between the encapsulation backplane 210 and the support backplane 130, and the encapsulation glue layer 300 also covers the power generation layer 220.
- the power generation layer 220 can be encapsulated and protected by the packaging adhesive layer 300 to avoid damage to the power generation layer 220, and the packaging adhesive layer 300 can bond the packaging backplane 210 and the support backplane 130 to position the power generation structure 200.
- the material of the encapsulant layer 300 includes at least one of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PVB (polyvinyl butyral resin), and SGP (polyethylene methacrylate).
- the package backplane 210 may be a light-transmitting glass plate or a light-transmitting resin plate.
- the package backplane 210 may be connected to the outer frame 120 by bonding or plugging, so as to connect and position the power generating structure 200 to the outer frame 120. At this time, the power generating structure 200 may not be connected to the supporting front plate 110. It is connected to the supporting back plate 130.
- the package backplane 210 and the supporting front plate 110 may be connected with fasteners such as bolts, press buckles, etc., or bonded, so as to connect and position the power generation structure 200 on the supporting front plate 110.
- the photovoltaic building curtain wall assembly further includes a junction box (not shown in the figure), and the junction box is electrically connected to the power generation structure 200. During installation and use, the junction box also has an external battery, which can store electrical energy.
- photovoltaic building curtain wall components have the following advantages:
- the power generation layer 220 can be used to generate power, which is in line with the development trend of solar power generation and building integration;
- the hollow structure of the main body 100 of the curtain wall can be used to achieve high-efficiency sound insulation and heat insulation in a noisy urban environment;
- the structure is simple, easy to install, and can be well integrated with the existing building structure, without additional roof or wall space.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了光伏建筑幕墙组件，其包括幕墙主体和发电结构，幕墙主体内具有第一空腔，发电结构设置于第一空腔内。通过在幕墙主体内设置第一空腔，使得幕墙主体形成中空，其能够具有较好的隔音隔热效果，减少室外嘈杂环境对室内的影响，减少室内外的热量交换，使得室内能够保持较为合适的温度，不需要过多地借助于空调系统来调节室内温度，减少建筑使用的能耗。
Description
本发明涉及光伏组件技术领域，特别涉及光伏建筑幕墙组件。
现有技术下，BIPV(光伏建筑一体化)的技术已日益革新，一些幕墙采用了光伏技术，即安装于建筑物表面的幕墙能够用于发电。对于这样的幕墙，其上具有光伏发电结构，光伏发电结构能够吸收光线以产生电能。然而现有的一些幕墙，其隔音隔热的效果并不好，室内的气温调节需要过多地借助于空调系统，增加了建筑使用的能耗，室外的噪音也容易对室内产生干扰。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出光伏建筑幕墙组件，其能够具有较好的隔音隔热效果，减少建筑使用的能耗。
根据本发明的实施例的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其包括：幕墙主体，所述幕墙主体内具有第一空腔；发电结构，所述发电结构设于所述第一空腔内。
根据本发明实施例的光伏建筑幕墙组件，至少具有如下一个有益效果：通过在幕墙主体内设置第一空腔，使得幕墙主体形成中空，其能够具有较好的隔音隔热效果，减少室外嘈杂环境对室内的影响，减少室内外的热量交换，使得室内能够保持较为合适的温度，不需要过多地借助于空调系统来调节室内温度，减少建筑使用的能耗。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述幕墙主体包括自上而下依次相连的支撑前板、外框以及支撑背板，所述支撑前板、所述外框以及所述支撑背板围成所述第一空腔，所述支撑前板设置为可透光。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述支撑前板包括透光板以及覆设在所述透光板的底面的透光膜层。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述透光膜层至少包括节能膜、透光彩釉膜以及炫彩膜中的一种。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述外框的内侧设有第二空腔，所述第二空腔连通所述第一空腔，所述第一空腔和/或所述第二空腔内设有干燥剂。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述发电结构包括：可透光的封装背板；发电层，覆设在所述封装背板的底面，所述发电层包括自上而下依次排列的前电极层、太阳能吸收层以及背电极层。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述封装背板和所述幕墙主体之间连接有封装胶层。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述封装胶层覆盖所述发电层。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述太阳能吸收层至少包括非晶硅薄膜、碲化镉薄膜、铜铟镓硒薄膜、晶硅电池片、异质结电池、钙钛矿薄膜、染料敏化薄膜以及砷化镓薄膜中的一种。
根据本发明的一些实施例，还包括接线盒，所述接线盒与所述发电结构电连接。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为本发明光伏建筑幕墙组件实施例的剖视图。
附图标记：幕墙主体100、支撑前板110、透光板111、透光膜层112、外框120、支撑背板130、发电结构200、封装背板210、发电层220、前电极层221、太阳能吸收层222、背电极层223、封装胶层300、第一空腔410、第二空腔420
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，涉及到方位描述，例如上、下等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，如果有描述到第一、第二只是用于区分技术特征为目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的先后关系。
本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的限定，设置、安装、连接等词语应做广义理解，所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1所示，根据本发明实施例的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其包括幕墙主体100和发电结构200，幕墙主体100内具有第一空腔410，发电结构200设置于第一空腔410内。光线可经由幕墙主体100投射至第一空腔410内，第一空腔410内的发电结构200吸收光线并将其转化为电能，从而可实现发电。幕墙主体100为中空结构，其能够具有较好的隔音隔热效果，减少室外嘈杂环境对室内的影响。
其中，幕墙主体100包括自上而下依次相连的支撑前板110、外框120以及支撑背板130，支撑前板110、外框120以及支撑背板130围成第一空腔410。支撑前板110设置为可透光，以使光线能够穿过支撑前板110投射至第一空腔410。
支撑前板110包括透光板111以及透光膜层112，透光膜层112覆设在透光板111的底面。透光板111可以采用钢化玻璃或者超白透光玻璃等。
透光膜层112至少包括节能膜、透光彩釉膜以及炫彩膜中的一种。这里，可以根据用户的需求选装不同的透光膜层112，例如，可以只在透光板111的底面覆设节能膜、透光彩釉膜以及炫彩膜三种中的一种，亦可覆设其中两种或三种，当覆设两种或三种时，可先在透光板111的底面覆设其中一种透光膜层112，然后在该透光膜层112上覆设另一种透光膜层112。
当然，在一些实施例中，亦可不在透光板111的底面覆设透光膜层112。
具体的，支撑前板110与外框120可通过粘接的方式连接，外框120与支撑前板110之间亦可通过粘接的方式连接。当然，在一些实施例中，支撑前板110与外框120之间，以及外框120与支撑前板110之间亦可通过螺栓、压扣等紧固件进行连接。
在外框120的内侧设置有第二空腔420，第二空腔420连通第一空腔410。第二空腔420内设有干燥剂，干燥剂能够吸收水分，避免第一空腔410内起雾。
在一些实施例中，可将干燥剂设置于第一空腔410内，或者在第一空腔410和第二空腔420内均设置有干燥剂。
参照图1，发电结构200包括封装背板210和发电层220，封装背板210设置为可透光，发电层220覆设在封装背板210的底面，该发电层220包括自上而下依次排列的前电极层221、太阳能吸收层222以及背电极层223。在生产时，首先提供封装背板210，在封装背板210上沉积作为前电极层221的透光导电氧化物薄膜，在前电极层221上设置太阳能吸收层222,然后在太阳能吸收层222的表面沉积背电极层223。
其中，太阳能吸收层222至少包括非晶硅薄膜、碲化镉薄膜、铜铟镓硒薄膜、晶硅电池片、异质结电池、钙钛矿薄膜、染料敏化薄膜以及砷化镓薄膜中的一种。可以根据需要选择其中的一种或者多种来设置于背电极层223上。此外，太阳能吸收层222还可采用其他的有机或无机薄膜，在此不再一一列举。
为了实现透光性要求，太阳能吸收层222具有可供光线穿过的孔隙。具体的，太阳能吸收层222采用薄膜时，可通过激光刻蚀的方式去除部分太阳能吸收层222，以使太阳能吸收层222被部分去除镂空，以形成该孔隙，使之达到透光效果；太阳能吸收层222采用晶硅电池片时，将晶硅电池片间隔排布，相邻晶硅电池片之间即形成该孔隙。
支撑背板130可采用钢化玻璃，支撑背板130的厚度不小于5mm，以确保其具有足够的强度。当然，在一些实施例中，封装背板210和透光板111还可采用其他材质的可透光的板 件。
封装背板210和支撑背板130之间连接有封装胶层300，且封装胶层300还覆盖发电层220。通过封装胶层300可将发电层220进行封装保护，避免发电层220损坏，且封装胶层300可将封装背板210和支撑背板130进行粘接，以将发电结构200予以定位。
具体的，封装胶层300的材料包括EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)、PVB(聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂)、SGP(聚乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯)三者中的至少一种。封装背板210可采用透光玻璃板或者透光树脂板。
在一些实施例中，封装背板210可以通过粘接或插接的方式连接于外框120，以将发电结构200连接定位于外框120，此时的发电结构200可以不与支撑前板110和支撑背板130相连接。此外，在一些实施例中，封装背板210可以与支撑前板110之间通过螺栓、压扣等紧固件进行连接，或者粘接，以将发电结构200连接定位于支撑前板110。
光伏建筑幕墙组件还包括接线盒(图中未示出)，接线盒与发电结构200电连接。在安装使用时，接线盒还外接电池，通过电池可储存电能。
综上，光伏建筑幕墙组件具有如下优点：
1、符合建筑的发展趋势：在保持建筑风格的基础上，利用发电层220可进行发电，符合太阳能发电与建筑一体化的发展趋势；
2、有效降低能耗：具有发电层220，能够有效利用太阳能发电，在光线不足或对环境舒适度有需求的场景下，可利用存储的电能对建筑物提供照明，节约能源；
3、隔音隔热：能够利用幕墙主体100的中空结构，在嘈杂的都市环境下能高效能隔音隔热；
4、结构简单，安装方便，与现有建筑结构能很好结合在一起，不需要额外占用屋顶或墙面空间。
当然，本发明创造并不局限于上述实施方式，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可作出等同变形或替换，这些等同的变型或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。
Claims (10)
- 光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，包括：幕墙主体，所述幕墙主体内具有第一空腔；发电结构，所述发电结构设于所述第一空腔内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，所述幕墙主体包括自上而下依次相连的支撑前板、外框以及支撑背板，所述支撑前板、所述外框以及所述支撑背板围成所述第一空腔，所述支撑前板设置为可透光。
- 根据权利要求2所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，所述支撑前板包括透光板以及覆设在所述透光板的底面的透光膜层。
- 根据权利要求3所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，所述透光膜层至少包括节能膜、透光彩釉膜以及炫彩膜中的一种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，所述外框的内侧设有第二空腔，所述第二空腔连通所述第一空腔，所述第一空腔和/或所述第二空腔内设有干燥剂。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，所述发电结构包括可透光的封装背板；发电层，覆设在所述封装背板的底面，所述发电层包括自上而下依次排列的前电极层、太阳能吸收层以及背电极层。
- 根据权利要求6所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，所述封装背板和所述幕墙主体之间连接有封装胶层。
- 根据权利要求7所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，所述封装胶层覆盖所述发电层。
- 根据权利要求6所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，所述太阳能吸收层至少包括非晶硅薄膜、碲化镉薄膜、铜铟镓硒薄膜、晶硅电池片、异质结电池、钙钛矿薄膜、染料敏化薄膜以及砷化镓薄膜中的一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏建筑幕墙组件，其特征在于，还包括接线盒，所述接线盒与所述发电结构电连接。
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