WO2021184073A1 - Procédé de déshydratation - Google Patents

Procédé de déshydratation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021184073A1
WO2021184073A1 PCT/AU2021/050246 AU2021050246W WO2021184073A1 WO 2021184073 A1 WO2021184073 A1 WO 2021184073A1 AU 2021050246 W AU2021050246 W AU 2021050246W WO 2021184073 A1 WO2021184073 A1 WO 2021184073A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
organic sludge
electric field
sludge
khz
organic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2021/050246
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Firuz Zare
Negareh Ghasemi
Original Assignee
The University Of Queensland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2020900843A external-priority patent/AU2020900843A0/en
Application filed by The University Of Queensland filed Critical The University Of Queensland
Publication of WO2021184073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021184073A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/15—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by treatment with electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields; by treatment with ultrasonic waves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/48—Devices for applying magnetic or electric fields

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and/or systems for dewatering organic sludges, for example those associated with wastewater treatment processes.
  • Reducing sludge volume helps mitigate the cost of further sludge treatment processes and disposal e.g. particularly the costs associated with the transportation of sludge to a disposal site. Furthermore, there is a need for in-situ recovery of water from sludges in water stressed areas.
  • a method of dewatering organic sludges comprising: subjecting a portion of the organic sludge to ultrasound to release water bound within, or to the organic sludge; and subjecting the portion of the organic sludge to a pulsed electric field with an electrical frequency of from about 10 kHz up to about 1 MHz and a peak electric field strength of from about 5 V/cm up to about 500 V/cm to separate the released water from the organic sludge.
  • bound it is meant that water is attracted to or is interacting with and/or adsorbed to surfaces of the organic sludge, by way of example, the water may be physisorbed to surfaces of particulate matter within the organic sludge and/or be electrostatically attracted or bound to charged moieties within the organic sludge, and/or be chemically or physically bound to or held within other components of the sludge (e.g. within cellular or other biological materials).
  • bound water is not “free water”, wherein “free water” refers to water molecules that do not interact with the components of the organic sludge and, for example, substantially interact with only other water molecules (for example via hydrogen bonding) and/or with charged ions in solution.
  • the step of subjecting the portion of the organic sludge to ultrasound and the step of subjecting the portion of the organic sludge are cyclic treatment steps that are carried out simultaneously.
  • the step of subjecting the portion of the organic sludge to ultrasound and the step of subjecting the portion of the organic sludge are cyclic treatment steps carried out in series.
  • the ultrasound is of sufficient power and ultrasonic frequency to induce cavitation in the portion of the organic sludge.
  • the ultrasound is of sufficient power and ultrasonic frequency to induce sonoporation within a biological component of the portion of the organic sludge.
  • the ultrasonic frequency is from about 1 kHz to about 5 MHz range. In one form of this embodiment, the ultrasonic frequency is from about 3 kHz. Preferably, the ultrasonic frequency is from about 5 kHz. More preferably, the ultrasonic frequency is from about 7 kHz. Most preferably, the ultrasonic frequency is from about 10 kHz. Additionally, or alternatively, the ultrasonic frequency is up to about 1 MHz. Preferably, the ultrasonic frequency is up to about 500 kHz. More preferably, the ultrasonic frequency is up to about 100 kHz. Most preferably, the ultrasonic frequency is up to about 50 MHz.
  • the power level is determined by the size, type and volume of the object and flow rate.
  • the electrical frequency is from about 2.5 kHz.
  • the electrical frequency is from about 5 kHz. More preferably, the electrical frequency is from about 7.5 kHz. Most preferably, the electrical frequency is from about 10 kHz. Additionally, or alternatively, in an embodiment, the electrical frequency is up to about 750 kHz.
  • the electrical frequency is up to about 500 kHz. More preferably, the electrical frequency is up to about 250 kHz. Most preferably, the electrical frequency is up to about 100 kHz.
  • the peak electric field strength is from about 6 V/cm.
  • the peak electric field strength is from about 7 V/cm. More preferably, the peak electric field strength is from about 8 V/cm. Most preferably, the peak electric field strength is from about 10 V/cm.
  • the peak electric field strength is up to about 300 V/cm.
  • the peak electric field strength is up to about 200 V/cm. More preferably, the peak electric field strength is up to about 100 V/cm. Most preferably, the peak electric field strength is up to about 50 V/cm.
  • the pulsed electric field has a duty cycle of from about 5% to about 90%.
  • the duty cycle is from about 10%. More preferably, the duty cycle is from about 15%. Most preferably, the duty cycle is from about 20%. Additionally, or alternatively, it is preferred that the duty cycle is up to about 80%. More preferably, the duty cycle is up to about 70%. Most preferably, the duty cycle is up to about 60%.
  • the pulsed electric field is generated using a unipolar voltage signal.
  • the pulsed electric field is a continuous pulsed electric field.
  • the method comprises locating at least the portion of the organic sludge between two electrodes (e.g. which are preferably in the form of two electrode plates); and wherein the step of subjecting the portion of the organic sludge to ultrasound is carried out while the portion of the organic sludge is located between the two electrodes.
  • two electrodes e.g. which are preferably in the form of two electrode plates
  • the step of subjecting at least the portion of the organic sludge to the pulsed electric field further comprises passing an electric current through at least the portion of the organic sludge.
  • the electric voltage waveform and amplitude depend on the conductivity of the organic sludge, the dimension of the chamber and size of the electrodes. This causes the freed water to migrate away from the organic sludge in the direction of the electric field.
  • the step of passing the electric current through at least the portion of the organic sludge further comprises passing the electric current between the two electrodes.
  • the method of dewatering organic sludges is carried out after anaerobic digestion of the organic sludge.
  • the organic sludge is an activated sludge.
  • the organic sludge has a volatile solids content of at least about 15 g/L, and/or a total chemical oxygen demand of at least about 20 g/L up to about 80 g/L, and/or a total Kjeldahl nitrogen content of at least about 1 g N/L up to about 3 g N/L, and/or an ammonium nitrogen content of from about 40 mg/L up to about 1500 mg/L.
  • the organic sludge has an apparent viscosity of from about 50 cP to about 1000 cP when measured at a shear rate of 100 s 1 and at 25 °C.
  • the organic sludge comprises particles with a D10 in the range of from about 10 pm up to 120 pm, and/or a D50 in the range of from about 50 pm up to 400 pm, and/or a D90 in the range of from about 130 pm up to 500 pm.
  • the organic sludge has a zeta potential in the range of from about -10 mV to about -30 mV.
  • an apparatus for dewatering an organic sludge with water bound within or thereto comprising: an ultrasonic transducer configured to apply ultrasound to the organic sludge; two spaced apart electrodes configured to apply a pulsed electric field to organic sludge located therebetween; and an electric signal generator configured to generate the pulsed electric field at an electrical frequency of from about 1 kHz up to about 1 MHz and at sufficient voltage to provide the pulsed electric field with a peak electric field strength of from about 5 V/cm up to about 500 V/cm.
  • the ultrasound is of sufficient power and ultrasonic frequency to induce cavitation in the portion of the organic sludge.
  • the ultrasound is of sufficient power and ultrasonic frequency to induce sonoporation within a biological component of the portion of the organic sludge.
  • the ultrasonic frequency is from about 10 Hz to about 50 Hz.
  • the electrical frequency is from about 2.5 kHz.
  • the electrical frequency is from about 5 kHz. More preferably, the electrical frequency is from about 7.5 kHz. Most preferably, the electrical frequency is from about 10 kHz. Additionally, or alternatively, in an embodiment, the electrical frequency is up to about 750 kHz.
  • the electrical frequency is up to about 500 kHz. More preferably, the electrical frequency is up to about 250 kHz. Most preferably, the electrical frequency is up to about 100 kHz.
  • the peak electric field strength is from about 6 V/cm.
  • the peak electric field strength is from about 7 V/cm. More preferably, the peak electric field strength is from about 8 V/cm. Most preferably, the peak electric field strength is from about 10 V/cm.
  • the peak electric field strength is up to about 300 V/cm.
  • the peak electric field strength is up to about 200 V/cm. More preferably, the peak electric field strength is up to about 100 V/cm. Most preferably, the peak electric field strength is up to about 50 V/cm.
  • the pulsed electric field has a duty cycle of from about 5% to about 90%.
  • the duty cycle is from about 10%. More preferably, the duty cycle is from about 15%. Most preferably, the duty cycle is from about 20%. Additionally, or alternatively, it is preferred that the duty cycle is up to about 80%. More preferably, the duty cycle is up to about 70%. Most preferably, the duty cycle is up to about 60%.
  • the pulsed electric field is generated using a unipolar voltage signal.
  • the pulsed electric field is a continuous pulsed electric field.
  • the electric signal generator is configured to pass an electric current between the two spaced apart electrodes.
  • the organic sludge is in the form of an activated sludge, such as from a wastewater treatment process.
  • the organic sludge comprises organic sludge solids, and the organic sludge solids have a specific gravity of at least 2. Generally, higher specific gravities are advantageous as these result in more effective dewatering treatment processes.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a static organic sludge dewatering system according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a dynamic organic sludge dewatering system according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a high frequency converter with a design based on an AC -DC diode rectifier with an adjustable auto-transformer to control DC voltage.
  • Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of an AN 34092B gate drive.
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for dewatering organic sludge, such as activated sludge, that comprises the application of ultrasound to the organic sludge to release water bound within the organic sludge as free water which free water can be readily separated from the organic sludge via the application of a pulsed electric field.
  • organic sludge such as activated sludge
  • the inventors are of the view that propagating ultrasonic waves throughout a liquid or semi-liquid organic sludge generates a mechanical force within the sludge via compression and rarefaction cycles associated with the ultrasonic waves. That is, the average distance between molecules in the sludge medium is changed (e.g. decreased and increased with the compression and rarefaction components of the ultrasonic wave) which causes cavitation and/or sonoporation when the average distance between molecules exceeds a critical distance. During sonoporation, microbubbles are generated which then burst with continuous exposure to ultrasound.
  • the release of this high pressure causes a variety of different effects within the sludge medium, such as ionization and generation of free radicals. These effects can result in chemical and mechanical changes within the sludge medium.
  • An advantageous chemical change is the breaking the chemical bonds within the sludge medium that bind water within or to the sludge so that this bound water is released in the form of free water.
  • An advantageous mechanical effect is that the ultrasound excitation can change viscosity of a liquid or semidiquid sludge which may promote the separation of the freed water from the sludge as discussed below.
  • a pulsed electric field can be used to separate the free water from the sludge by moving that free water away from the sludge in the direction of field excitation.
  • the freed water can be forced to move and directed with a pulsed electric field which creates a dewatering stream channel for removal of the freed water.
  • the inventors have found that a pulsed electric field with a frequency of from about 1 kHz up to about 1 MHz and a peak electric field strength of from about 1 V/cm up to about 500 V/cm is particularly useful for the removal of the freed water.
  • the present invention finds use for in-situ dewatering processes or dewatering at various treatment stages in a dewatering process and may be used in place of an existing dewatering process or as an additional unit process prior to, during, or after an existing dewatering process.
  • the method and apparatus of the invention is used instead of a traditional gravity separator, thus reducing capital expense.
  • the method and apparatus of the invention is used as an additional dewatering step after gravity separation to further thicken the underflow from a gravity thickener prior to storage.
  • the method and apparatus of the invention is integrated into an existing unit process, and may for example, be integrated into a gravity thickener to treat the thickened organic sludge prior to discharge as underflow from the gravity thickener. Furthermore, this additional treatment step may be useful in place of, or prior to, other existing thickening unit process such as vacuum filtration, pressure filtration, or gravity belt thickening.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustrative embodiment of a static organic sludge dewatering system 100 according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 100 comprises an ultrasonic transducer 101, an electric signal generator 102, and chamber 104 arranged between electrodes 106 and 108.
  • Ultrasonic transducer 101 is configured to apply ultrasound to sample 112 of sufficient power and frequency to induce sonoporation and/or cavitation in the organic sludge and release bound water from the organic sludge, e.g. frequency of from about 5 kHz to few MHz.
  • Electric signal generator 102 is configured to generate an electric signal 110 at a frequency of from about 10 kHz up to about 1000 kHz such that a pulsed electric field with an electric field strength of from about 10 V/cm up to about 50 V/cm is generated across chamber 104 and current flows between electrodes 106 and 108 when chamber 104 contains organic sludge sample 112, such as in the form of an activated sludge.
  • the electric voltage waveform and amplitude depend on the conductivity of the organic sludge, the dimension of the chamber and size of the plates. As generally discussed above, the inventors are of the view that the pulsed electric field causes high frequency resonance within the organic sludge which moves the released water away from the organic sludge in the direction of the applied current. The released water can then be readily removed from the system 100 by means known to those skilled in the art, e.g. decanted or otherwise pumped from an outlet of the system 100. The remaining organic sludge is at higher solids content and thus are more easily and cost effectively stored or disposed of.
  • a typical treatment time for an in-situ dewatering process is from about 5 minutes up to about 1 hour, subject to the nature of the organic sludge being dewatered and the dewatering parameters being used.
  • the static system 100 may be adapted for batch or semi batch operation.
  • the static system 100 may include a chamber 104 for receiving the and retaining the organic sludge for treatment.
  • the chamber 104 may instead be a space defined by the separation of the two electrodes 106 and 108.
  • the electrodes may be lowered or submerged into the organic sludge for localised treatment of the organic sludge.
  • FIG. 2 is an illustrative embodiment of a dynamic organic sludge dewatering system according to another embodiment of the invention for a plug flow type dewatering processes.
  • the system 200 comprises: an ultrasonic transducer 201, an electric signal generator 202, and flow chamber 204 with electrodes 206 and 208 arranged in opposite walls of flow chamber 204.
  • Flow chamber 204 includes: an inlet 210 through which organic sludges are pumped via pump 212, a free water outlet 214, and a dewatered organic sludge outlet 216.
  • Ultrasonic transducer 201 is configured to apply ultrasound to an organic sludge sample flowing between electrodes 206 and 208 of sufficient power and frequency to induce sonoporation and/or cavitation in the organic sludge sample and release bound water from the organic sludge, e.g. frequency of from about 5 kHz to about few MHz.
  • Electric signal generator 202 is configured to generate an electric signal 218 at a frequency of from about 10 kHz up to about 1000 kHz such that a pulsed electric field with an electric field strength of from about 10 V/cm up to about 50 V/cm is generated across flow chamber 204 and current flows between electrodes 206 and 208 as organic sludge is pumped therethrough.
  • the application of the pulsed electric field separates the bound water from the organic sludge. Freed water is discharged through free water outlet 214 and dewatered organic sludge is discharged through outlet 216.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a reaction vessel for the application of ultrasound and high voltage pulsed power signals to the organic sludge via plate electrodes. Characteristics of an exemplary activated sludges are provided in Table 1 below:
  • the high voltage pulsed power signals can be applied with an electric signal generator.
  • the electric signal generator is a high frequency converter with a design based on an AC -DC diode rectifier with an adjustable auto-transformer to control DC voltage.
  • the DC voltage is supplied to a single phase inverter based on GaN semiconductor technology with an ultra-fast switching frequency and transient.
  • a complete Half bridge power circuit with High Efficiency 600V 70 W X-GaN transistor is utilised for DC-AC inverter topology.
  • a circuit diagram of an electric signal generator is shown in Figure 3.
  • GaN switching devices require special PCB boards with very low loop inductances and gate drives.
  • a AN 34092B gate drive (see Figure 4) can be used which (i) supports high switching frequency ( ⁇ 4MHz), (ii) achieves safe operation by negative voltage source and active miller clamp, and (iii) facilitates gate drive design with high precision gate current source.
  • High / Low side Isolated DC-DC modules are used to provide the necessary bias of the gate drivers for high and low side semiconductor switches. The isolation of these modules is greater than 3000V.
  • Control signaling can be generated by an advanced micro-controller TMS320F28379D, connected to a PC with Matlab/Simulink software to program Pulse Width Modulation strategy, generating unipolar signal with adjustable frequency and duty cycle.
  • the reaction vessel may be oriented horizontally to allow the separated water (freed water) to run out of the reaction vessel.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de déshydratation de boues organiques comprenant la soumission d'une partie des boues organiques à des ultrasons pour libérer l'eau liée aux boues organiques ou se trouvant à l'intérieur de celles-ci ; et la soumission de la partie des boues organiques à un champ électrique pulsé avec une fréquence électrique d'environ 10 kHz à environ 1 MHz et une intensité de champ électrique de pointe d'environ 5 V/cm à environ 500 V/cm pour séparer l'eau libérée des boues organiques.
PCT/AU2021/050246 2020-03-19 2021-03-18 Procédé de déshydratation WO2021184073A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2020900843A AU2020900843A0 (en) 2020-03-19 Dewatering process
AU2020900843 2020-03-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021184073A1 true WO2021184073A1 (fr) 2021-09-23

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PCT/AU2021/050246 WO2021184073A1 (fr) 2020-03-19 2021-03-18 Procédé de déshydratation

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WO (1) WO2021184073A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115043571A (zh) * 2022-08-17 2022-09-13 东营千禧龙科工贸有限公司 一种石油开采污泥处理装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109095742A (zh) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-28 河海大学 一种河湖淤泥高效脱水系统及其脱水方法
CN109824235A (zh) * 2019-04-07 2019-05-31 饶宾期 超声波、电渗透与机械压滤耦合污泥脱水装置
CN209144004U (zh) * 2018-08-23 2019-07-23 河海大学 一种声电复合多功能污泥减量化系统
WO2019175229A1 (fr) * 2018-03-13 2019-09-19 Natural Synergies Ltd Procédé et appareil de déshydratation amélioré

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019175229A1 (fr) * 2018-03-13 2019-09-19 Natural Synergies Ltd Procédé et appareil de déshydratation amélioré
CN109095742A (zh) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-28 河海大学 一种河湖淤泥高效脱水系统及其脱水方法
CN209144004U (zh) * 2018-08-23 2019-07-23 河海大学 一种声电复合多功能污泥减量化系统
CN109824235A (zh) * 2019-04-07 2019-05-31 饶宾期 超声波、电渗透与机械压滤耦合污泥脱水装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MAHMOUD A ET AL.: "Electrical field: A historical review of its application and contributions in wastewater sludge dewatering", WATER RESEARCH, vol. 44, no. 8, 6 February 2010 (2010-02-06), AMSTERDAM, NL, pages 2381 - 2407, XP026993902, ISSN: 0043-1354 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115043571A (zh) * 2022-08-17 2022-09-13 东营千禧龙科工贸有限公司 一种石油开采污泥处理装置
CN115043571B (zh) * 2022-08-17 2022-11-04 东营千禧龙科工贸有限公司 一种石油开采污泥处理装置

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