WO2021182633A1 - 細胞培養物、細胞培養物の評価方法、細胞培養物の製造方法、及び軟骨様組織形成特性評価用マーカー - Google Patents
細胞培養物、細胞培養物の評価方法、細胞培養物の製造方法、及び軟骨様組織形成特性評価用マーカー Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- This technique relates to a cell culture, a method for evaluating a cell culture, a method for producing a cell culture, and a marker for evaluating cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics. More specifically, the present technology expresses a cell culture containing a cell population expressing a specific cell surface marker, a method for evaluating a cell culture based on a specific cell surface marker, and a specific cell surface marker. It relates to a method for producing a cell culture containing a cell population, and a specific cell surface marker used for evaluating cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics.
- cartilage tissue is treated using tissue regeneration engineering technology.
- cultured chondrocytes or cartilage tissue created based on chondrocytes can be transplanted into the affected area. So far, various transplant materials have been proposed.
- Patent Document 1 states that "a material for transplantation to be transplanted to a predetermined transplantation site, which is an antigen on a tissue structure of the same type as the predetermined transplantation site obtained from a body tissue while maintaining the shape of the tissue structure.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cell culture suitable for cartilage repair, particularly a cell culture suitable for hyaline cartilage repair.
- the present inventors have found that cell cultures having specific characteristics are suitable for cartilage repair, particularly hyaline cartilage repair.
- the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD166, CD165, CD99, GD2, STRO-1, CD108, CD164, CD6, CD106, and CD107b is determined for each cell surface marker.
- the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD26, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD120a, CD201, EGFR, CD146, CD140a, and CD90 is each cell surface marker. Includes cell populations that are above the threshold for A cell culture having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties is provided.
- the present invention is a method for evaluating a cell culture.
- the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD166, CD165, CD99, GD2, STRO-1, CD108, CD164, CD6, CD106, and CD107b is below the threshold for each surface marker.
- the present invention includes a culture step of culturing cells to obtain a cell culture.
- the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD166, CD165, CD99, GD2, STRO-1, CD108, CD164, CD6, CD106, and CD107b is less than or equal to the threshold value for each cell surface marker.
- / or the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD26, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD120a, CD201, EGFR, CD146, CD140a, and CD90 is equal to or greater than the threshold for each cell surface marker.
- the culture is carried out so that Also provided is a method for producing a cell culture having cartilage-like tissue forming properties.
- the present invention At least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD166, CD165, CD99, GD2, STRO-1, CD108, CD164, CD6, CD106, and CD107b, and / or. Also provided are markers for assessing cartilage-like tissue formation properties, including at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD26, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD120a, CD201, EGFR, CD146, CD140a, and CD90.
- the present invention provides a cell culture suitable for use in cartilage repair, especially hyaline cartilage repair.
- the present invention also makes it possible to evaluate the cartilage repairing ability of cell cultures, particularly the hyaline cartilage repairing ability.
- the present invention provides a cell culture having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and more particularly a cell culture having hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the cell population contained in the cell culture has an expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD166, CD165, CD99, GD2, STRO-1, CD108, CD164, CD6, CD106, and CD107b.
- the cell culture is suitable for cartilage repair, and more particularly for knee cartilage repair.
- the cell culture of the present invention has a property of forming cartilage-like tissue, and particularly has a property of forming hyaline cartilage-like tissue.
- the cell culture of the present invention has the property of forming cartilage-like tissue, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue, for example, when transplanted into a human living body, more particularly when transplanted into the articular cartilage portion of the knee of a human living body.
- the "cartilage-like tissue” may be a tissue having the same or similar components and / or functions as the cartilage tissue (particularly the knee joint cartilage tissue), for example, type 2 like the vitreous cartilage tissue.
- a tissue expressing cartilage may be a tissue having the same or similar components and / or functions as the cartilage tissue (particularly the knee joint cartilage tissue), for example, type 2 like the vitreous cartilage tissue.
- the expression intensity of at least CD99 and / or GD2 among the cell surface markers is equal to or less than the threshold value for each of these cell surface markers.
- the expression intensity of CD99 and / or GD2 is not more than a predetermined threshold value, the cell culture can exhibit particularly good cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the expression intensity of at least CD26 and / or CD73 among the cell surface markers is equal to or higher than the threshold value for each of these cell surface markers.
- the cell culture can exhibit particularly good cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the expression intensity of at least CD99 and / or GD2 among the cell surface markers is equal to or less than the threshold value for each of these cell surface markers, and at least CD26 and / or CD73 among the cell surface markers.
- the expression intensity is greater than or equal to the threshold for each of these cell surface markers.
- the expression intensity of at least one, two, or three of the cell surface markers CD26, CD73, and CD44 is equal to or higher than the threshold value for each of these cell surface markers.
- the expression intensity of any one, two, or three of CD26, CD73, and CD44 is above a predetermined threshold, the cell culture has particularly good cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, particularly hyaline cartilage-like. It can exhibit tissue formation characteristics.
- the expression intensity of at least CD99 and / or GD2 among the cell surface markers is equal to or less than the threshold value for each of these cell surface markers, and at least CD26, CD73, and CD44 among the cell surface markers.
- the expression intensity of any one, two, or three of these is greater than or equal to the threshold for each of these cell surface markers.
- the cell culture can exhibit particularly good cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the expression intensity of CD44 is equal to or higher than the threshold value for the cell surface marker.
- the cell culture can exhibit particularly good cartilage-like tissue-forming characteristics, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming characteristics.
- the expression intensity of at least CD99 and / or GD2 among the cell surface markers is equal to or less than the threshold value for each of these cell surface markers, and the expression intensity of at least CD44 among the cell surface markers is high. It is above the threshold for this cell surface marker.
- the cell culture can exhibit particularly good cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the expression intensity of the cell surface marker may be the standardized average fluorescence intensity (nMFI, normalized Mean Fluorescence Intensity) measured by analyzing the cell population by flow cytometry.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity is suitable for evaluating cartilage-like tissue-forming properties based on these cell surface markers, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity may be measured by the measuring method described in "5. Examples" described later.
- the cell culture of the present invention preferably has a standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population contained in the cell culture is analyzed by flow cytometry, satisfying at least one of the following conditions 1 to 10. And / or at least one of the following conditions 11 to 20 is satisfied.
- Condition 1 When the cell population is labeled with a PE-bound anti-CD166 antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 240 or less, more preferably 220 or less, and even more preferably 200 or less.
- Condition 2 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD165 antibody bound to BB700, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the BB700 is 132 or less, more preferably 120 or less, and even more preferably 110 or less.
- Condition 3 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD99 antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 1.9 or less, more preferably 1.8 or less, and even more preferably. Is 1.6 or less
- Condition 4 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-GD2 antibody bound to BB700, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the BB700 is 3.6 or less, more preferably 3.3 or less, and even more preferably. Is 3.0 or less
- Condition 5 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-STRO-1 antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 1.4 or less, more preferably 1.3 or less, and further.
- Condition 6 When the cell population is labeled with a PE-bound anti-CD108 antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 1.9 or less, more preferably 1.8 or less, and even more preferably. Is 1.6 or less, Condition 7: When the cell population is labeled with a PE-bound anti-CD164 antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.8 or less, and even more preferably.
- Condition 8 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD6 antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 1.4 or less, more preferably 1.3 or less, and even more preferably. Is less than or equal to 1.2
- Condition 9 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD106 antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 2.4 or less, more preferably 2.2 or less, and even more preferably.
- Condition 10 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD107b antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.9 or less, and even more preferably. Is less than 1.7, Condition 11: When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD26 antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 2.3 or more, more preferably 2.6 or more, and even more preferably.
- Condition 12 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD73 antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 47 or more, more preferably 53 or more, and even more preferably 59 or more. be, Condition 13: When the cell population is labeled with a PE-bound anti-CD105 antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 21 or more, more preferably 24 or more, and even more preferably 27 or more. be, Condition 14: When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD44 antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 128 or more, more preferably 145 or more, still more preferably 160 or more.
- Condition 15 When the cell population is labeled with an APC-bound anti-CD120a antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the APC is 24 or more, more preferably 27 or more, still more preferably 30 or more.
- Condition 16 When the cell population is labeled with a PE-bound anti-CD201 antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 18 or more, more preferably 20 or more, and even more preferably 23 or more.
- Condition 17 When the cell population is labeled with a PE-bound anti-EGFR antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 3.2 or more, more preferably 3.6 or more, and even more preferably.
- Condition 18 When the cell population is labeled with an anti-CD146 antibody bound to FITC, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 1.6 or more, more preferably 1.8 or more, and even more preferably. Is 2.0 or higher, Condition 19: When the cell population is labeled with a PE-bound anti-CD140a antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 5.6 or more, more preferably 6.4 or more, and even more preferably.
- the cell culture of the present invention has more preferable cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population is analyzed by flow cytometry satisfies the conditions 3 and / or 4 and / or the conditions 11 and / or 12. Even more preferably, the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population is analyzed by flow cytometry satisfies the conditions 3 and 4 and the conditions 11 and / or 12. Satisfying one, two, three, or all four of these four conditions, in particular all four, is particularly good for cartilage-like tissue formation properties in the cell cultures of the invention. In particular, it provides hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population is analyzed by flow cytometry satisfies the conditions 3 and / or 4 and / or the conditions 11, 12 and Satisfy one, two, or three of the fourteen. Even more preferably, the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population is analyzed by flow cytometry satisfies the conditions 3 and 4, and the conditions 11, 12, and 14. Satisfying one, two, three, four, or all five of these five conditions, especially all four, is particularly good for cartilage-like cell cultures of the invention. It provides tissue-forming properties, especially hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population is analyzed by flow cytometry satisfies the conditions 3 and / or 4 and / or the condition 14. Even more preferably, the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population is analyzed by flow cytometry satisfies the above conditions 3 and 4, and also satisfies the above condition 14. Satisfying one, two, or all three of these three conditions results in particularly good cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, especially hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, in the cell cultures of the present invention.
- the cell culture may be solid.
- the cell population contained in the cell culture may be organized into any shape.
- the shape of the cell culture, which is solid may be, for example, sheet-like, granular, fibrous (thread-like), or net-like (mesh-like).
- the cell culture may not be solid, for example, may be fluid.
- the non-solid cell culture may be, for example, fluid, liquid, or sol.
- the cell culture of the present invention is preferably in the form of a sheet.
- Sheet-like cell cultures are particularly suitable for cartilage tissue repair, especially hyaline cartilage tissue repair.
- the thickness of the sheet-like cell culture may be, for example, 4 ⁇ m to 5 mm, particularly 4 ⁇ m to 3 mm, and more particularly 4 ⁇ m to 1 mm.
- the sheet-like cell culture may be one sheet-like cell culture, or a plurality of sheets (for example, 2 to 10, particularly 2 to 8, more particularly 2 to 5). It may be a laminate of sheet-like cell cultures.
- the thickness of the sheet-like cell culture can be, for example, 4 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 4 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, and more preferably 4 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the sheet-like cell culture of the present invention may be a naturally stratified cell in the process of cell proliferation.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture of the present invention does not have to be a continuous culture in which two or more separately produced sheet-shaped cell cultures are artificially laminated.
- the cell culture may be derived from cartilage tissue. That is, the cell culture may be a culture of cells derived from cartilage tissue, and in particular, the raw material cells used for the culture for obtaining the cell culture may be cells derived from cartilage tissue.
- the cell culture is not a natural product because it is obtained by artificial culture in vitro.
- the cells derived from the cartilage tissue can be, for example, a plurality of cells obtained by separating the cells contained in the cartilage tissue from the cartilage substrate.
- the cells derived from the cartilage tissue are recovered by treating the cartilage tissue with an enzyme to release the cells in the cartilage tissue from the cartilage matrix, and recovering the released cells by centrifugation. It can be a cell.
- the cell culture is preferably not derived from the synovium. That is, the cell culture preferably does not contain synovial-derived cells.
- the cell culture is preferably not formed from a culture of synovial-derived cells, nor is it formed from a culture of synovial cells.
- the cell culture of the present invention may preferably be a culture of only cells derived from cartilage tissue, and in particular, a culture of only cells derived from vitreous cartilage tissue.
- the cartilage tissue-derived cells may be derived from the cartilage tissue of an animal with polydactyly, or may be derived from the cartilage tissue of an animal with polymelia.
- the animal may be preferably a mammal, more preferably a primate animal, and even more preferably a human.
- the cartilage tissue can be collected from the tissue obtained during, for example, excision of the surplus finger.
- the tissue may be, for example, a portion that does not appear white when photographed with an X-ray, that is, a portion that appears black.
- Polydactyly may be of the distal phalanx type, the intermediate phalanx type, or the proximal phalanx type.
- the surplus finger may be any finger, for example the thumb or little finger.
- the surplus fingers (limbs) to be collected are wart-shaped and small, all the collected subcutaneous tissue can be used.
- the age of the human is not limited, but may be, for example, 5 years or less, 3 years or less, or 2 years or less.
- Examples of the enzyme used in the enzyme treatment include collagenase, caseinase, clostripain, trypsin, hyaluronidase, elastase, pronase, and dispase.
- a combination of these enzymes can be used.
- Examples of preferred enzyme combinations are, for example, collagenase, caseinase, clostripain, and trypsin combinations.
- Examples of enzyme preparations containing this combination include collagenase type I, collagenase type II, collagenase type III, collagenase type IV, and collagenase type V (all available from Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). Not limited to these.
- a preferred enzyme combination is, for example, a combination of collagenase with a dispase or thermolysin.
- enzyme preparations containing this combination include, but are not limited to, Liberase (available from Roche Diagnostics Co., Ltd.).
- the enzyme treatment may be carried out stepwise with a plurality of types of enzymes. For example, isolation may be performed by treatment with collagenase, caseinase, clostripain and trypsin in this order. Conditions for enzyme treatment can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art depending on the type of enzyme used and / or the condition of cartilage tissue.
- the enzyme treatment can be carried out at, for example, 30 to 50 ° C., preferably 33 to 45 ° C., 35 to 40 ° C., for example, 1 to 12 hours, preferably 2 to 5 hours. If the temperature of the enzyme treatment is too high, problems such as cell denaturation, loss of living cells, decreased proliferative capacity, and inability to isolate can occur. In addition, if the enzyme treatment temperature is too low, sufficient enzyme activity may not be achieved and cells may not be isolated. During enzyme treatment, cell recovery can be achieved with high efficiency by applying physical stimulation.
- the above enzymatic reaction can be stopped by diluting the cell suspension in which the articular cartilage is enzymatically treated by washing. After stopping the enzymatic reaction, the cell suspension can be separated into a cell mass and a supernatant by centrifugation. For liberase, the enzymatic reaction can be stopped by washing more than once.
- the centrifugation can be performed under conditions under which the centrifugation can collect more cells of less than 25 ⁇ m, particularly 20 ⁇ m or less and 15 ⁇ m or more. In order to collect more such cells, the centrifugation can be performed, for example, at 1000 rpm or higher, 1500 rpm or higher, or 2000 rpm or higher, for example, 5 minutes or longer, 7 minutes or longer, or 10 minutes or longer.
- the cells derived from the cartilage tissue may be obtained by the so-called outgrowth method.
- the outgrowth method may include a step of chopping the collected cartilage tissue and a step of seeding the chopped cartilage tissue piece in a culture dish with a small amount of medium and culturing.
- the culture produces proliferated cells from the cartilage tissue pieces.
- the generated cells are recovered by enzymatic treatment and centrifugation.
- the recovered cells can be used in the production of the cell sheet of the present invention.
- the step of cutting the cartilage tissue into small pieces can be performed, for example, in a wet state.
- the step can be performed, for example, by placing a piece of tissue and a small amount of medium in a 50 ml centrifuge tube and chopping it with a Metzenbaum Scissors, SuperCut Tungsten Carbide 18 cm Long Curve (World Precision Instruments). It is preferable to obtain as small a piece of cartilage tissue as possible.
- the medium for culturing the finely chopped cartilage tissue pieces can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art, but is preferably DMEM / F12 + 20% FBS + antibiotic (hereinafter, also referred to as AB).
- the medium can be preferably replaced with DMEM / F12 + 20% FBS + AB + ascorbic acid (hereinafter also referred to as AA). If the medium contains ascorbic acid from the beginning of the culture, the adhesion of cells to the culture dish can be inhibited.
- the culture may be carried out under general culture conditions, for example, in an incubator at 37 ° C. and 5% CO2. Culturing can be carried out until subconfluence is achieved.
- the enzyme preparation used in the recovery of cells produced in culture can include, for example, trypsin and EDTA. Centrifugation can be performed as described above.
- the cartilage tissue-derived cells may preferably contain mesenchymal stem cells.
- the cartilage-derived cells may further contain cells contained in the cartilage tissue in addition to the mesenchymal stem cells. That is, in the present invention, the cartilage tissue-derived cells can be a population of a plurality of types of cells including mesenchymal stem cells. Examples of cells other than mesenchymal stem cells include, but are not limited to, chondrocytes and chondroblasts.
- the cell culture of the present invention is more suitable for cartilage repair because it is formed from a culture of cells derived from the cartilage tissue.
- the cell culture may be derived from stem cells.
- the stem cells may include pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells, or somatic stem cells, and may include, for example, iPS cells.
- pluripotent stem cells are cultured in a medium to differentiate them into cartilage cells or cartilage-like cells, and the cartilage cells or cartilage-like cells are expressed as, for example, a stimulus-responsive polymer.
- the cell culture of the present invention is obtained by further culturing on the surface on which the cells are immobilized.
- the cell culture of the present invention can also be obtained by seeding pluripotent stem cells (particularly iPS cells) on a substrate on which a stimulus-responsive polymer is immobilized, differentiating them into chondrocytes or chondrocytes, and culturing them. Is obtained.
- the cell culture of the present invention may be used for the repair of cartilage tissue, more preferably for the repair of knee cartilage tissue, and even more preferably the hyaline cartilage of the knee. It may be used for tissue repair.
- the cell culture of the present invention has cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is therefore suitable for the repair.
- cartilage tissue repair includes treating inflamed and / or damaged cartilage tissue, reinforcing cartilage tissue, compensating for defective parts of cartilage tissue, and regenerating cartilage tissue.
- the cell culture of the present invention may be used to prevent diseases related to cartilage tissue.
- the cell culture of the present invention can be applied to, for example, diseased cartilage tissue or bone tissue. Examples of diseases to which the cell culture of the present invention is applied include, but are not limited to, arthritis, arthropathy, cartilage injury, osteochondral injury, meniscus injury, and / or disc degeneration.
- the cell cultures of the present invention are more suitable for surgical treatment of cartilage tissue, particularly surgical treatment. Repair of cartilage by the cell culture of the present invention can be carried out, for example, by exposing the cartilage portion requiring repair by surgical treatment and applying the cell culture to the exposed portion.
- a sheet-shaped cell culture of the present invention may be applied to the exposed portion.
- the number and size of sheet-shaped cell cultures to be administered can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art in consideration of, for example, the condition of the portion to be treated or the type of disease.
- the subchondral bone can be treated so that bleeding is confirmed from the subchondral bone before the application of the sheet-shaped cell culture.
- the treatment may be carried out by a method known to those skilled in the art, for example by microfracture or drilling. By performing this treatment, the repair of cartilage by the sheet-shaped cell culture of the present invention is further promoted.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture of the present invention When the sheet-shaped cell culture of the present invention is applied to the affected area, it may be joined or sutured with an adhesive that can be used in vivo. Alternatively, the sheet-like cell culture may be simply attached to the affected area without performing the joining or suturing.
- the cell culture of the present invention is a sheet-shaped cell culture
- the substrate may include fibronectin.
- the substrate can be produced not only on the surface in contact with the substrate but also on the surface not in contact with the substrate.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture of the present invention may be more suitable for cartilage repair by having a substrate on all surfaces of the sheet-shaped cell culture.
- the sheet-like cell culture of the present invention preferably has a cell-porous basal membrane-like protein formed during culture that has not been destroyed by enzymes such as proteolytic enzymes such as dispase and trypsin. sell. That is, the sheet-like cell culture of the present invention may have a basement membrane-like protein between the cell and the porous membrane. In particular, the sheet-like cell culture of the present invention may have a cell-porous membrane-like basal membrane-like protein on one side of the sheet-like cell culture or on both sides of the sheet-like cell culture. When the sheet-shaped cell culture has the basement membrane-like protein, the sheet-shaped cell culture can exert better cartilage repair ability.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture of the present invention preferably has a cell density of 100 ⁇ 10 5 to 100 ⁇ 10 8 cells / cm 3 , more preferably 100 ⁇ 10 6 to 100 ⁇ 10 7 cells / cm 3 , more preferably. It can be 100 ⁇ 10 6 to 500 ⁇ 10 6 pieces / cm 3 , and even more preferably 200 ⁇ 10 6 to 300 ⁇ 10 6 pieces / cm 3 .
- the cell culture of the present invention preferably does not contain artificial scaffolding components. That is, the cell culture of the present invention may consist only of the cells in the culture and the components produced from the cells (and the medium components attached to the cell sheet). The cell culture of the present invention can preferably be transplanted into a patient without artificial scaffolding components.
- the cell culture of the present invention is described in 2. It can be produced by the production method of the present invention described in the above. Therefore, the method for producing the cell culture of the present invention is described in 2. Please refer to.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a cell culture having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the production method includes a culturing step of culturing cells to obtain a cell culture.
- the production method further comprises an analysis step of analyzing the expression intensity of a cell surface marker with respect to the cell population contained in the cell culture, and the cell culture is a cartilage-like tissue based on the expression intensity obtained in the analysis step. It may include a determination step of determining whether it has a forming characteristic. Each step will be described below.
- the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD166, CD165, CD99, GD2, STRO-1, CD108, CD164, CD6, CD106, and CD107b is less than or equal to the threshold value for each cell surface marker.
- / or the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD26, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD120a, CD201, EGFR, CD146, CD140a, and CD90 is equal to or greater than the threshold for each cell surface marker.
- the culture may be carried out so as to be.
- the cell culture obtained by the culture step has excellent cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the cell culture can form cartilage-like tissue, particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue, for example when transplanted into a human body, particularly when transplanted into a knee cartilage portion in a human body. That is, the cell culture can exert a cartilage repairing action, particularly a hyaline cartilage repairing action. The cell culture then exerts the same function as cartilage tissue.
- the cells to be cultured in the culture step are described in 1. above. It may be a cartilage tissue-derived cell or a stem cell-derived cell described in the above.
- the raw material cells used for culturing may be the cartilage tissue-derived cells, and the cartilage tissue-derived cells are obtained by culturing the cells in the cartilage tissue in DMEM / F12 containing FBS for at least 2 days. It may be a cell.
- the raw material cells used for culturing to obtain the cell culture are the first culturing step of culturing the cells in the cartilage tissue in a medium to make them confluent, and the first culturing step.
- a raw material cell preparation method including a dissociation step of dissociating cell populations that became confluent in the culture step from each other, and a second culture step of further culturing the cell population dissociated in the dissociation step in the same fresh medium as the medium. It may be prepared.
- the raw material cells prepared by this raw material cell preparation method are suitable for producing a tissue culture having cartilage repair aptitude.
- the cells may preferably be cultured in a medium containing a substrate having a surface on which the stimulus-responsive polymer is immobilized, for example, porous having a surface on which the stimulus-responsive polymer is immobilized. Cells may be cultured on that surface of the membrane.
- a cell culture having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties can be obtained, and the cells are said to be the same.
- the cell culture can also be stripped from the substrate without damaging it.
- the stimulus-responsive polymer may be, for example, a temperature-responsive polymer, a pH-responsive polymer, or a photoresponsive polymer, and more specifically, temperature stimulus (for example, temperature change), pH stimulus (for example, pH change), respectively.
- it may be a polymer whose properties (for example, hydration power) are changed by light stimulation (for example, light irradiation).
- the change in properties may be, for example, a change in properties that promotes exfoliation of the culture from the substrate. For example, cells are seeded on a surface on which a stimulus-responsive polymer is immobilized, and the cells are cultured in a culture medium in a temperature range in which the hydration power of the polymer is weak to form a cell culture.
- the peeling of the cell culture from the surface is promoted by changing the temperature of the culture solution to a state in which the hydration power of the polymer is strong.
- the temperature range in which the culture is carried out (that is, the temperature range in which the hydration power is weak) can be, for example, 33 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- the temperature for peeling (that is, a temperature range having strong hydration power) is a temperature lower than the temperature range, and can be, for example, 31 ° C. or lower.
- the stimulus-responsive polymer is a temperature-responsive polymer.
- the temperature of the medium is set to a temperature equal to or higher than the upper critical dissolution temperature of the temperature-responsive polymer or lower critical.
- the culture in the production method of the present invention may be, for example, two-dimensional culture (also referred to as planar culture) or three-dimensional culture (for example, suspension culture or pellet culture).
- the cells When the porous membrane is used in the culture step, the cells may be in contact with the medium above the porous membrane and may be in contact with the medium below the porous membrane through the pores of the porous membrane. By culturing in such a state, cells more suitable for cartilage repair can be obtained.
- the cell culture produced by the production method of the present invention has an advantage that it can be exfoliated from the substrate without being damaged by the enzyme.
- Treatment with proteolytic enzymes results in the degradation of cell-to-cell desmosome structures and cell-to-cell basal membrane-like proteins, which can result in individual cell-separation of cells in cell culture.
- the cell culture obtained by the production method of the present invention can be exfoliated from the substrate by changing the temperature of the medium without treatment with a proteolytic enzyme.
- the desmosome structure can be retained and defects in the cell culture can be reduced.
- the basement membrane-like protein was not destroyed by the enzyme. Therefore, it can be better adhered to the affected tissue at the time of transplantation, and efficient treatment can be performed.
- Dispase which is a proteolytic enzyme, is known to be able to exfoliate a cell sheet while retaining 10 to 60% of the desmosome structure, but it is obtained because it almost destroys the basement membrane-like protein. The strength of the cell culture is weak.
- the cell culture produced by the production method of the present invention can be exfoliated from the substrate with 80% or more of the desmosome structure and the basement membrane-like protein remaining.
- the upper limit critical solution temperature or the lower limit critical solution temperature of the temperature-responsive polymer used in the present invention can be preferably 0 ° C. to 80 ° C., more preferably 20 ° C. to 50 ° C., and even more preferably 25 to 45 ° C. If the upper critical solution temperature or the lower critical solution temperature is too high, cells can die. If the upper critical solution temperature or the lower critical solution temperature is too high, cell proliferation may slow down or cells may die.
- the temperature-responsive polymer may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer.
- the polymer may be, for example, a homopolymer of a (meth) acrylamide compound, an N- (or N, N-di) alkyl-substituted (meth) acrylamide derivative, or a vinyl ether derivative, or a copolymer of these monomers. It is possible.
- the (meth) acrylamide compound can be, for example, acrylamide or methacrylamide.
- N-alkyl-substituted (meth) acrylamide derivatives include, for example, N-ethylacrylamide (lower limit critical solution temperature of homopolymer, 72 ° C.), Nn-propylacrylamide (21 ° C.), Nn-propylmethacrylate (Nn-propylmethacrylate).
- N-isopropylacrylamide 32 ° C.
- N-isopropylmethacrylicamide 43 ° C.
- N-cyclopropylacrylamide 45 ° C.
- N-cyclopropylmethacrylate 60 ° C.
- N -Ethoxyethylacrylamide about 35 ° C
- N-ethoxyethylmethacrylate about 45 ° C
- N-tetrahydrofurfurylacrylamide about 28 ° C
- N-tetrahydrofurfurylmethacrylate about 35 ° C)
- the N, N-dialkyl-substituted (meth) acrylamide derivative is, for example, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-ethylmethylacrylamide (lower critical solution temperature of homopolymer: 56 ° C.), or N, N-. It can be diethyl acrylamide (32 ° C.).
- the vinyl ether derivative can be, for example, methyl vinyl ether (lower limit critical solution temperature of homopolymer, 35 ° C.).
- the temperature-responsive polymer a copolymer with a monomer other than the above-mentioned monomer may be used, and a polymer obtained by graft-polymerizing or copolymerizing the polymers, or a mixture of the polymer or the copolymer is used. You may. Further, the cross-linking may be carried out within a range that does not impair the original properties of the polymer.
- a temperature-responsive polymer with a critical dissolution temperature that is more suitable for culturing or exfoliation in the present invention, or to regulate the interaction between the porous membrane and the culture, or on the surface of the porous membrane. In order to adjust the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, the above polymer can be appropriately selected.
- the temperature responsive polymer is poly (N-isopropylacrylamide).
- the amount of the temperature-responsive polymer immobilized on the surface of the film is preferably 0.3 to 5.0 ⁇ g / cm 2 , and more preferably 0.3 to 4.8 ⁇ g / cm 2.
- the amount of temperature-responsive polymer immobilized on the surface of the membrane is preferable when the membrane is a porous membrane, particularly when the membrane is a porous membrane and culture is performed using a cell culture insert. Can be 0.3-1.5 ⁇ g / cm 2 .
- the amount of temperature-responsive polymer immobilized on the surface of the membrane can be preferably 1 to 2 ⁇ g / cm 2.
- the amount of the temperature-responsive polymer immobilized is within this range, the more efficient culture can be carried out. If the amount of immobilization is out of this range, the cell culture may not be formed or the cell culture may not be produced efficiently. Further, when the amount of immobilization is within this range, the cell culture can be more easily exfoliated from the membrane.
- the base material is a porous membrane
- the cells are in contact with the medium above the porous membrane, and the medium below the porous membrane and the above. They are in contact with each other through the pores of the porous membrane.
- the material of the membrane can be, for example, polycarbonate, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene, or polytetrafluoroethylene. Of these, PET is particularly preferable.
- PET is particularly preferable.
- the method of immobilizing the temperature-responsive polymer on the surface of the porous membrane can be performed by, for example, the method described in JP-A-2-211865. That is, the immobilization can be performed by a method of bonding the porous membrane and the temperature-responsive polymer by a chemical reaction or a method of bonding by a physical interaction. These methods may be used together.
- the method of binding by the chemical reaction for example, electron beam irradiation (EB), ⁇ -ray irradiation, ultraviolet irradiation, visible light irradiation, LED irradiation, plasma treatment, or corona treatment can be performed.
- EB electron beam irradiation
- ⁇ -ray irradiation ultraviolet irradiation
- visible light irradiation visible light irradiation
- LED irradiation plasma treatment
- corona treatment corona treatment
- the temperature-responsive polymer may be immobilized on the porous membrane by a commonly used organic reaction such as a radical reaction, an anionic radical reaction, or a cation radical reaction.
- a block copolymer having a structure in which a water-insoluble polymer segment and a temperature-responsive polymer segment are bonded may be coated on the surface of the substrate as a temperature-responsive polymer component. It may be fixed by physical adsorption or hydrophobic. In the method of binding by physical interaction, a temperature responsive polymer or a mixture of the polymer and any medium can be applied to the porous membrane.
- the medium used in the culture in the production method of the present invention may be a medium that can be used for cell culture, particularly mammalian cell culture, for example, DMEM / F12 (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium: Nutrient Mixture F-12).
- the medium may contain additive factors. Additive factors include, for example, cell growth factors, hormones, binding proteins, cell adhesion molecules, lipids and other components.
- cell growth factor examples include TGF- ⁇ , b-FGF, IGF, EGF (Epidermal Grotth Factor: epithelial growth factor), BMP (Bonemorphogenic growth factor), Fibroblast growth factor-3 (FGF), and FGF.
- TGF Transforming Growth Factor family such as Activin A, Wnt family, especially Wnt-3a (Wingless-typeMMTVintegrationsitefamily)
- the TGF family includes TGF- ⁇ 1, TGF- ⁇ 2, and TGF- ⁇ 3.
- hormones examples include insulin, transferase, dexamethasone, estradiol, prolactin, glucagon, thyroxin, growth hormone, FSH (Folliclestimulating Hormone), LH (LeuteningHormone: luteinizing hormone), glucocortinoid, and prostaglandin. These include, but are not limited to.
- Examples of the cell adhesion factor include, but are not limited to, collagen, collagen-like peptide, fibronectin, laminin, and vitronectin.
- Examples of the collagen-like peptide include a recombinant peptide in which the RGD sequence-containing region in collagen is linked. As such a recombinant peptide, for example, cellnest (Fujifilm Co., Ltd.) can be mentioned.
- lipid examples include, but are not limited to, phospholipids and unsaturated fatty acids.
- the other components that can be added to the medium include ascorbic acid, serum, transferrin subselenate (ITS), transferrin, sodium selenite, pyruvate, proline, albumin, lipoprotein, sertoplasmin and the like.
- the serum include, but are not limited to, fetal bovine serum (FBS) and human serum.
- the medium is preferably a medium containing FBS, and in particular, DMEM / F12 containing FBS.
- the content ratio of FBS is preferably 1 to 30% by volume, preferably 10 to 30% by volume, more preferably 12 to 28% by volume, and even more preferably, based on the total volume of the medium for more efficient culture.
- the medium may be a serum-free medium. Since an additive factor such as ITS can substitute the function of serum, by including the additive factor in the medium, the culture according to the production method of the present invention can be carried out in a serum-free medium. In addition, the use of serum-free medium can avoid the risk of using biological resources for transplantation into humans.
- the medium used in the present invention contains ascorbic acid, eg 0.01-1 mg / mL, preferably 0.05-0.5 mg / mL, relative to the volume of the medium, for better cell proliferation. It can preferably be contained in a content ratio of 0.07 to 0.3 mg / mL.
- Ascorbic acid can promote the production of articular cartilage-specific substrates from cultured cells and / or make cell culture phenotypic more suitable for cartilage repair. That is, ascorbic acid can contribute to the regeneration of damaged sites of articular cartilage by hyaline cartilage. If the ascorbic acid concentration is too high, adhesion of the cultured cells to the porous membrane can be hindered.
- the cell culture of the present invention is obtained by culturing cells in a medium, preferably obtained by culturing cells in a medium containing FBS and / or ascorbic acid. It may be obtained by culturing cells in DMEM / F12 containing, for example, FBS and / or ascorbic acid.
- the culture period on the membrane of the cells may be appropriately selected depending on the state of the culture, for example, the phenotypic state, but for example, 10 to 20 days, preferably 11 to 18 days, and more. It can be preferably 12 to 16 days.
- the cell culture may be more suitable for cartilage repair.
- the cell population may be in contact with the medium above the porous membrane and with the medium below the porous membrane through the pores of the porous membrane.
- the adhesive protein can be produced not only on the surface of the cell sheet adhering to the porous membrane, but also on the surface opposite to the adhesive surface and the surface in contact with the upper medium.
- the cell sheet of the present invention may be more suitable for cartilage repair by having substrates on both sides of the cell sheet.
- a cell insert also called a cell culture insert
- a culture vessel having a similar structure can be used for culturing in the above state.
- a culture vessel having a cell insert in which a stimulus-responsive polymer (for example, a temperature-responsive polymer) is immobilized on a porous membrane portion can be used in the production method of the present invention.
- the cell population can be cultured on a surface on which a stimulus-responsive polymer (for example, a temperature-responsive polymer) of the porous membrane is immobilized.
- Immobilization of the stimulus-responsive polymer may be carried out by a method known to those skilled in the art, for example, by the method described in JP-A-2-211865.
- cell inserts on which the stimulus-responsive polymer is immobilized may be used, for example, Thermo Scientific TM Nunc TM CC Insert # 140660, BD Falcon Cell Culture Insert # 353090, #. 353490, 353102, # 353091, # 353092, # 353093 can be used.
- the culture vessel may be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to, dishes, multi-well plates, and flasks, and containers having similar forms.
- the characteristics of the cell culture obtained by the production method of the present invention are as described in 1. As mentioned in.
- the cells to be cultured in the culture step and the method for preparing the cells are described in 1. above. As mentioned in.
- the production method of the present invention preferably includes an analysis step of analyzing the expression intensity of a cell surface marker of a cell population contained in the cell culture.
- the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD26, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD120a, CD201, EGFR, CD146, CD140a, and CD90 is measured.
- the measurement is preferably performed by flow cytometry.
- the measurement by the flow cytometry may be performed as described in "5. Examples" described later.
- At least the expression intensity of CD99 and / or GD2 is measured and / or at least the expression intensity of CD26 and / or CD73 is measured in the analysis step.
- These four cell surface markers are particularly suitable for assessing cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, especially hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- At least CD99 and / or GD2 expression intensity is measured and / or at least one, two, or three of CD26, CD73, and CD44 in the analysis step. Expression intensity is measured.
- These five cell surface markers are particularly suitable for assessing cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, especially hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- At least the expression intensity of CD99 and / or GD2 is measured and / or at least the expression intensity of CD44 is measured in the analysis step.
- These three cell surface markers are particularly suitable for assessing cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, especially hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties.
- the production method of the present invention has cartilage-like tissue-forming properties (particularly hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties) based on the expression intensity of the cell surface marker obtained in the analysis step. It may include a determination step of determining (?). In the determination step, based on the expression intensity of the cell surface marker obtained in the analysis step, the cell culture is suitable for cartilage tissue repair, particularly hyaline cartilage tissue repair, and more particularly knee hyaline cartilage tissue repair. It may be determined whether or not it is.
- the cell population contained in the cell culture is Whether the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD166, CD165, CD99, GD2, STRO-1, CD108, CD164, CD6, CD106, and CD107b is below the threshold for each surface marker. And / or is the expression intensity of at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD26, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD120a, CD201, EGFR, CD146, CD140a, and CD90 greater than or equal to the threshold for each surface marker? Is determined.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population contained in the cell culture is analyzed by flow cytometry is the above 1. Satisfy at least one of the conditions 1 to 10 described in the above 1. When at least one of the conditions 11 to 20 described in the above is satisfied, it may be determined that the cell culture has a cartilage-like tissue-forming property, for example, a hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming property may be determined. Further, in the determination step, the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population contained in the cell culture is analyzed by flow cytometry is the above 1. Satisfy at least one of the conditions 1 to 10 described in the above 1. When at least one of the conditions 11 to 20 described in the above is satisfied, it is determined that the cell culture is suitable for cartilage tissue repair, particularly hyaline cartilage tissue repair, and more particularly knee hyaline cartilage tissue repair. You may.
- the cell culture determined to be suitable for cartilage repair in the determination step may be used for transplantation into humans. That is, in the determination step, the standardized average fluorescence intensity measured when the cell population contained in the cell culture is analyzed by flow cytometry is the above 1. Satisfy at least one of the conditions 1 to 10 described in the above 1. It may be determined that it may be used for transplantation into a human knee if at least one of the conditions 11 to 20 described in the above is satisfied.
- the present invention also provides a method for evaluating cell cultures.
- a determination step of determining whether or not a cartilage-like tissue-forming property is performed based on the expression intensity of a cell surface marker of a cell population contained in a cell culture.
- the determination step the above 2.
- whether the cell culture is suitable for cartilage tissue repair, particularly hyaline cartilage tissue repair, and more particularly knee hyaline cartilage tissue repair. It may be determined.
- the determination step is described in 2. It may be the same as the determination step described in the above.
- the determination is, for example, the above 2.
- the expression intensity of the specific cell surface markers mentioned in the above, particularly the standardized average intensity, may be performed based on whether the conditions set for each cell surface marker are satisfied.
- the evaluation method may further include an analysis step of analyzing the cell population by flow cytometry. The determination in the determination step can be made based on the analysis result in the analysis step.
- the analysis step is described in 2. It may be the same as the analysis step described in.
- the expression intensity of the specific cell surface marker is effective as an index for determining whether the cell culture has cartilage-like tissue-forming properties (particularly, whether it has hyaline cartilage-like tissue-forming properties). Therefore, the evaluation method of the present invention enables appropriate evaluation of cartilage repair suitability, particularly hyaline cartilage repair suitability. Further, in the evaluation method of the present invention, since it is determined whether or not it is suitable for cartilage repair based on the expression intensity of the cell surface marker, the suitability for cartilage repair is determined without inducing and culturing the cell culture into cartilage-like tissue. Can be done. Therefore, the time required for cartilage repair suitability can be reduced.
- the evaluation method of the present invention can be performed in a short time, it can be incorporated as one of the steps in the production of a cell culture for cartilage repair, whereby a cell culture having cartilage repair suitability can be obtained. It can be manufactured more reliably.
- the evaluation method of the present invention can evaluate cartilage repair suitability at a lower cost than in the case of actually inducing and culturing a cell culture into cartilage-like tissue to evaluate cartilage repair suitability.
- the present invention provides a marker for evaluating cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics.
- the marker is At least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD166, CD165, CD99, GD2, STRO-1, CD108, CD164, CD6, CD106, and CD107b, and / or. Includes at least one cell surface marker selected from the group consisting of CD26, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD120a, CD201, EGFR, CD146, CD140a, and CD90. These cell surface markers are suitable for assessing cartilage-like tissue-forming properties of cell cultures.
- the markers for evaluating cartilage-like tissue formation properties of the present invention include CD99 and / or GD2, and / or include CD26 and / or CD73. These cell surface markers are particularly suitable for assessing cartilage-like tissue-forming properties of cell cultures.
- the cartilage-like tissue-forming characterization markers of the invention include CD99 and / or GD2 and / or one, two, or one of CD26, CD73, and CD44. Including three. These cell surface markers are particularly suitable for assessing cartilage-like tissue-forming properties of cell cultures.
- the markers for evaluating cartilage-like tissue-forming properties of the present invention include CD99 and / or GD2 and / or include CD44. These cell surface markers are particularly suitable for assessing cartilage-like tissue-forming properties of cell cultures.
- the present invention also provides a marker for evaluating cartilage repair aptitude.
- the markers include the cell surface markers described above with respect to the markers for assessing cartilage-like tissue formation properties.
- the cell culture containing the cell population expressing a specific cell surface marker at a specific expression intensity has cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics as described below.
- step 1 of FIG. 1 a plurality of sheet-shaped cell cultures were prepared.
- step 2 expression analysis of cell surface markers was performed on the plurality of sheet-shaped cell cultures.
- sheet cell cultures were cell isolated, antibody stained and subjected to FACS analysis.
- step 3 the cartilage-like tissue formation property was evaluated.
- step 4 a correlation analysis was performed using the results of steps 2 and 3. By the correlation analysis, it was confirmed that the cell culture containing a cell population expressing a specific cell surface marker at a specific expression intensity has cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics. The details of the above steps 1 to 4 will be described below.
- Step 1 Preparation of cell culture A total of 16 types of cartilage tissue pieces (cartilage derived from discarded tissue during polydactyly surgery) were prepared. Each of these cartilage tissue pieces was subjected to enzymatic treatment (Collagenase Type-1 / Worthington CLS-1 or Liberase MNP-S / Roche), and chondrocytes were isolated from each cartilage tissue piece. The isolated chondrocytes were seeded into a culture insert (UpCell® insert, CellSeed Co., Ltd.). The day of sowing was set to 0 day, and the medium was changed every 3 to 4 days. From 10 to 21 days after seeding, a sheet-like cell culture derived from chondrocytes in each cartilage tissue piece was obtained.
- enzymatic treatment Collagenase Type-1 / Worthington CLS-1 or Liberase MNP-S / Roche
- chondrocytes were isolated from each cartilage tissue piece.
- the isolated chondrocytes were seede
- Step 2 Expression analysis of cell surface markers
- Each of the 16 types of sheet cell cultures obtained in Step 1 was washed with PBS and reacted with Accutase (Becton Dickinson) at room temperature for 15 minutes. After the reaction, each sheet-shaped cell culture was collected and Accutase was removed. After the removal, 0.25 mg / ml Collagenase P (Roche) was reacted at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes to disperse the cells in each sheet cell culture. The dispersed cells were washed with PBS and suspended in 0.2% FBS / 5 mM EDTA / PBS to obtain a suspension.
- Antibodies to each of the 242 cell surface markers were added to the suspension containing the cell population obtained from each sheet cell culture and reacted on ice for 30 minutes. That is, 242 antibody-containing suspensions were obtained for each sheet cell culture. Table 1 below shows the antibodies against the cell surface markers that were correlated in step 4 described later among these 242 types.
- the "fluorescent dye” is a fluorescent dye that labels each antibody.
- a “target surface antigen” is a cell surface antigen targeted by each antibody.
- the "antibody manufacturer” and “antibody serial number” are the manufacturer and serial number (catalog number) of each antibody.
- BD Becton Dickinson
- SC is SANTA CRUZ BIOTECHNOLOGY
- BL BioLegend.
- each cell population was washed with 0.2% FBS / 5 mM EDTA / PBS, and each fluorescence intensity was measured with a flow cytometer (BD FACSVerse, Becton Dickinson).
- the analysis was performed using the analysis software Flowjo (Becton Dickinson), the single cell and the living cell population were gated by FSC and SSC, the median fluorescence intensity for each fluorescently labeled antibody in the population was obtained, and unstained.
- the sample was normalized by the median fluorescence intensity of the sample.
- Step 3 Evaluation of cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics
- a basal medium having the composition shown in Table 2 below was prepared.
- the basal medium was supplemented with sodium pyruvate, dexamethasone, L-proline, insulin-transferrin-selenite, and TGF- ⁇ 1 at the concentrations shown in Table 3 below to obtain an induction medium.
- Each sheet-shaped cell culture was rolled into a spherical shape and placed in a low-adhesion 6-well plate containing the obtained induction medium, and cultured for 7 days under the conditions of 5% CO2 and 37 ° C.
- Spherical tissue was collected, RNA was extracted from the spherical tissue, and cDNA was synthesized from the RNA.
- the gene expression ratio of COL2A1 and COL1A1 was determined using the qPCR method.
- the gene expression ratios of each of the 16 sheet-shaped cell cultures are shown in FIG. In FIG.
- the gene expression ratio of COL2A1 and COL1A1 of the sheet-shaped cell culture of donor ID 11 is shown as 1, and the gene expression ratio of the other sheet-shaped cell cultures is the same.
- Donor ID 11 is shown as a relative value to the gene expression ratio of the sheet cell culture.
- Step 4 correlation analysis
- the gene expression ratio of the sheet-like cell culture of donor ID 11 is prepared from total artificial joint replacement abandoned tissue-derived cartilage, which has been shown to have cartilage-like tissue-forming properties (particularly vitreous cartilage-like tissue-forming properties). Sato M et al., Combined surgery and chondrocyte cell-sheet transplantation improves clinical and structural outcomes in knee osteoarthritis., NPJ Regen Med, 4 , 4, 2019.), That is, it can be used as a reference for cell cultures having cartilage tissue-forming properties.
- a sheet-like cell culture having a COL2A1 / COL1A1 gene expression ratio equal to or higher than the COL2A1 / COL1A1 gene expression ratio of donor ID 11 has cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics.
- a cell culture containing a cell population in which the expression intensity of these surface markers is below the threshold value can be used as having cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics and is suitable for cartilage repair. It was also found that CD26, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD120a, CD201, EGFR, CD146, CD140a, and CD90 have a positive correlation with the COL2A1 / COL1A1 gene expression ratio. Therefore, it can be seen that a cell culture containing a cell population in which the expression intensity of these surface markers is equal to or higher than the threshold value can be used as having cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics and is suitable for cartilage repair.
- a sheet having a COL2A1 / COL1A1 gene expression ratio equal to or higher than the COL2A1 / COL1A1 gene expression ratio of the TKA-derived sheet-like cell culture is shown in Table 4 below.
- the COL2A1 / COL1A1 gene expression ratio among the sheet-like cell cultures having a COL2A1 / COL1A1 gene expression ratio equal to or higher than the COL2A1 / COL1A1 gene expression ratio of the TKA-derived sheet-like cell culture The nMFI of the lowest sheet cell culture was 2.9 as shown in Table 4 above. Therefore, when the cell population in the sheet cell culture is labeled with the FITC-bound anti-CD26 antibody, the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is, for example, 2.3 or more, more preferably 2.6 or more. When the amount is even more preferably 2.9 or more, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is, for example, 240 or less, more preferably 220 or less. Even more preferably, when it is 200 or less, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the BB700 is 132 or less, more preferably 120 or less, and further. More preferably, when it is 110 or less, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 1.9 or less, more preferably 1.8 or less.
- the sheet-like cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the BB700 is 3.6 or less, more preferably 3.3 or less.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 1.4 or less, more preferably 1.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair. ..
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 1.9 or less, more preferably 1.8 or less.
- the amount is 1.6 or less, the sheet-like cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.8 or less.
- the amount is even more preferably 2.5 or less, the sheet-like cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 1.4 or less, more preferably 1.3 or less.
- the sheet-like cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 2.4 or less, more preferably 2.2 or less.
- the amount is even more preferably 2.0 or less, the sheet-like cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.9 or less.
- the sheet-like cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 47 or more, more preferably 53 or more, and further. More preferably, when it is 59 or more, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be utilized as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 21 or more, more preferably 24 or more, and further. More preferably, when it is 27 or more, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be utilized as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 128 or more, more preferably 145 or more, and further. More preferably, when it is 160 or more, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be utilized as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the APC is 24 or more, more preferably 27 or more, and further. More preferably, when the number is 30 or more, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be utilized as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 18 or more, more preferably 20 or more, and further. More preferably, when the number is 23 or more, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 3.2 or more, more preferably 3.6 or more.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the FITC is 1.6 or more, more preferably 1.8 or more.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the PE is 5.6 or more, more preferably 6.4 or more.
- the sheet-like cell culture can be used as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- the standardized average fluorescence intensity derived from the APC is 800 or more, more preferably 900 or more, and further. More preferably, when it is 1000 or more, the sheet-shaped cell culture can be utilized as having cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair.
- CD44 is useful for evaluating cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics as described below.
- step 2-1 a plurality of sheet-shaped cell cultures were prepared.
- step 2-2 the expression analysis of CD44 was performed on the plurality of sheet-shaped cell cultures.
- steps 2-3 the cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics were confirmed by performing three-dimensional culture and staining treatment for a plurality of sheet-like cell cultures. The details of these steps and the results obtained will be described below.
- step 2-1 A sheet-like cell culture derived from chondrocytes in each cartilage tissue piece was obtained from each of the three types of cartilage tissue pieces by the procedure as described in step 1 of the above "5. Example 1".
- the obtained three sheet-shaped cell cultures are also referred to as "Sample No. 1", “Sample No. 2", and “Sample No. 3" below, respectively.
- step 2-2 Expression analysis of CD44 The degree of expression of CD44 was analyzed for each of the three sheet-shaped cell cultures obtained in step 2-1 by the following cell dispersion treatment and FCM measurement.
- ⁇ Cell dispersion> 1. Prepare an appropriate number of cell sheets cultured for 14 days. 2. Dispense DPBS (+) into a well-plate in 3 ml / well increments. 3. Transfer the temperature responsive insert (CellSeed: CS6301) to 2. 4. Put 10 mL of Trypsin / EDTA in a 50 mL tube and heat to 37 ° C. 5. Remove the insert medium and wash with DPBS (-) 2 mL / well. 6. Peel off the sheet and put it in the tube of 4 (up to 4 sheet / tube is possible) Put in a water bath at 7.37 °C and incubate 30min (shake the tube as appropriate) 8.
- NEG.CTRL IgG1 (mouse)-FITC 100t CE (Beckman & Coulter: A07795) (hereinafter also referred to as "IgG1-FITC”) MOUSE IgG1-APC, 100t CE (Beckman & Coulter: IM2475) (hereinafter also referred to as "IgG1-APC”) Hu CD44 FITC G44-26 100Tst (BD Pharmingen: 559596) (hereinafter also referred to as "CD44-FITC”)
- ⁇ Procedure> Dispense 2 cell suspensions into live cells: 1 ⁇ 10 5 to 2 ⁇ 10 5 cells / 1.5 mL tube 2. Add 1 mL of PBS (-) and suspend. 3.350 ⁇ g 3min at Centrifuge at 4 ° C 4. Remove the supernatant 5. Add 1 mL of PBS (-) and suspend. 6.350 ⁇ g 3min at Centrifuge at 4 ° C 7. Remove the supernatant 8. Add 50 ⁇ L of PBS (-) and suspend 9. Add 5 ⁇ L / tube of antibody each and suspend. Tube 1: IgG1-FITC / IgG1-APC Tube 2: CD44-FITC 10. Shade and incubate at 4 ° C for 30-60 minutes 11.
- the measurement and analysis were performed using BD FACSuite Software Application (Becton Dickinson). Specifically, the percentage of CD44 was calculated when the count was 10000 and the control (IgG1-FITC) was 1%.
- % of CD44 means the percentage of cells stained with the anti-CD44 antibody when the control is 1%.
- the range of the histogram in the overlaid state is set so that the control (IgG1-FITC) is 1%, and the numerical value of the count (event) at this time is in the range of 95 to 104.
- step 2-3 Three-dimensional culture and staining treatment The following three-dimensional culture treatment and staining treatment were performed on each of the three types of sheet-shaped cell cultures obtained in step 2-1.
- the spherical structure of No. 3 is the sample No. It is more strongly stained with safranin O than the spherical tissue of 1.
- the stronger degree of staining with safranin O in the spherical tissue indicates that the cartilage-like tissue formation property is excellent. Therefore, from the results shown in FIG. 3, the sample No. 2 and No.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture of No. 3 was sample No. It is superior to 1 in cartilage-like tissue formation characteristics.
- CD44 is useful as an index for evaluating the cartilage-like tissue formation property of the sheet-shaped cell culture.
- % of CD44 when the control (IgG1-FITC) is 1% is preferable.
- the sheet-shaped cell culture can be utilized as having particularly excellent cartilage-like tissue formation properties, and is considered to be suitable for cartilage repair. ..
- the excellent cartilage-like tissue formation property of the sheet-shaped cell culture is as follows from the gene expression ratio of COL2 and COL1 and the staining treatment. Can also be confirmed.
- a sheet-like cell culture derived from chondrocytes in the cartilage tissue piece was obtained from one type of cartilage tissue piece by the procedure as described in step 1 of the above "5. Example 1".
- the sheet-shaped cell culture COL2 was hardly expressed and the degree of COL1 expression was large. That is, the sheet-shaped cell culture was negative for type 2 collagen and positive for type 1 collagen.
- Such sheet-like cell cultures have excellent cartilage-like tissue-forming properties, as described in WO 2018/154913.
- CD44 was analyzed for the sheet-shaped cell culture as described in step 2-2 above. As a result, the expression of CD44 in the sheet-shaped cell culture was 94.95, and the sample No. 2 and No. It was about the same as 3.
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Abstract
Description
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、各細胞表面マーカーについての閾値以上である
細胞集団を含む、
軟骨様組織形成特性を有する細胞培養物を提供する。
細胞培養物に含まれる細胞集団について、
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であるか、及び/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上であるか
を判定する判定工程を含む、
前記評価方法も提供する。
細胞を培養して細胞培養物を得る培養工程を含み、
前記培養工程において、
前記細胞培養物に含まれる細胞集団に関して、
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である
となるように培養が行われる、
軟骨様組織形成特性を有する細胞培養物の製造方法も提供する。
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカー、及び/又は、
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカー
を含む軟骨様組織形成特性評価用マーカーも提供する。
また、本発明において、好ましくは、前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD26及び/又はCD73の発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である。CD26及び/又はCD73の発現強度が所定の閾値以上であることによって、細胞培養物が特に良好な軟骨様組織形成特性、特には硝子軟骨様組織形成特性を発揮することができる。
特に好ましくは、前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD99及び/又はGD2の発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ、前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD26及び/又はCD73の発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である。これら4つの細胞表面が前記閾値に関する基準を満たすことで、細胞培養物が特に良好な軟骨様組織形成特性、特には硝子軟骨様組織形成特性を発揮することができる。
特に好ましくは、前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD99及び/又はGD2の発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ、前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD26、CD73、及びCD44のうちのいずれか一つ、2つ、又は3つの発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である。これら4つの細胞表面が前記閾値に関する基準を満たすことで、細胞培養物が特に良好な軟骨様組織形成特性、特には硝子軟骨様組織形成特性を発揮することができる。
特に好ましくは、前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD99及び/又はGD2の発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ、前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD44の発現強度が、この細胞表面マーカーについての閾値以上である。これら3つの細胞表面が前記閾値に関する基準を満たすことで、細胞培養物が特に良好な軟骨様組織形成特性、特には硝子軟骨様組織形成特性を発揮することができる。
条件1:PEを結合した抗CD166抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が240以下であり、より好ましくは220以下であり、さらにより好ましくは200以下である、
条件2:BB700を結合した抗CD165抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該BB700に由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が132以下であり、より好ましくは120以下であり、さらにより好ましくは110以下である、
条件3:FITCを結合した抗CD99抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.9以下であり、より好ましくは1.8以下であり、さらにより好ましくは1.6以下である、
条件4:BB700を結合した抗GD2抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該BB700に由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が3.6以下であり、より好ましくは3.3以下であり、さらにより好ましくは3.0以下である、
条件5:FITCを結合した抗STRO-1抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.4以下であり、より好ましくは1.3以下であり、さらにより好ましくは1.2以下である、
条件6:PEを結合した抗CD108抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.9以下であり、より好ましくは1.8以下であり、さらにより好ましくは1.6以下である、
条件7:PEを結合した抗CD164抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が3.0以下であり、より好ましくは2.8以下であり、さらにより好ましくは2.5以下である、
条件8:FITCを結合した抗CD6抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.4以下であり、より好ましくは1.3以下であり、さらにより好ましくは1.2以下である、
条件9:FITCを結合した抗CD106抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が2.4以下であり、より好ましくは2.2以下であり、さらにより好ましくは2.0以下である、
条件10:FITCを結合した抗CD107b抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が2.0以下であり、より好ましくは1.9以下であり、さらにより好ましくは1.7以下である、
条件11:FITCを結合した抗CD26抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が2.3以上であり、より好ましくは2.6以上であり、さらにより好ましくは2.9以上である、
条件12:FITCを結合した抗CD73抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が47以上であり、より好ましくは53以上であり、さらにより好ましくは59以上である、
条件13:PEを結合した抗CD105抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が21以上であり、より好ましくは24以上であり、さらにより好ましくは27以上である、
条件14:FITCを結合した抗CD44抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が128以上であり、より好ましくは145以上であり、さらにより好ましくは160以上である、
条件15:APCを結合した抗CD120a抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該APCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が24以上であり、より好ましくは27以上であり、さらにより好ましくは30以上である、
条件16:PEを結合した抗CD201抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が18以上であり、より好ましくは20以上であり、さらにより好ましくは23以上である、
条件17:PEを結合した抗EGFR抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が3.2以上であり、より好ましくは3.6以上であり、さらにより好ましくは4.0以上である、
条件18:FITCを結合した抗CD146抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.6以上であり、より好ましくは1.8以上であり、さらにより好ましくは2.0以上である、
条件19:PEを結合した抗CD140a抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が5.6以上であり、より好ましくは6.4以上であり、さらにより好ましくは7.0以上である、
条件20:APCを結合した抗CD90抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該APCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が800以上であり、より好ましくは900以上であり、さらにより好ましくは1000以上である。
これらの条件のいずれか一つ又は複数を満たすことによって、本発明の細胞培養物は、より好ましい軟骨様組織形成特性、特には硝子軟骨様組織形成特性を有する。
本発明の他の実施態様に従い、前記細胞培養物は固形状でなくてよく、例えば流動可能であってよい。固形状でない前記細胞培養物は、例えば流動状、液状、又はゾル状であってよい。
より特には、シート状細胞培養物の厚みは、例えば4μm~100μmであり、好ましくは4μm~70μmであり、より好ましくは4μm~50μmでありうる。
本発明のシート状細胞培養物は、細胞の増殖過程で細胞が自然に重層化したものでありうる。本発明のシート状細胞培養物は、別々に製造された2又はそれより多いシート状細胞培養物を人為的に積層化し培養を継続したものでなくてもよい。
例えばシート状の本発明の細胞培養物が、当該露出した部分に施与されてよい。施与されるべきシート状細胞培養物の数及び大きさは、例えば処置されるべき部分の状態又は疾患の種類などを考慮して、当業者により適宜定められうる。また、本発明のシート状細胞培養物は、好ましくは、当該シート状細胞培養物の施与の前に、軟骨下骨から出血が確認されるように軟骨下骨が処理されうる。当該処理は当業者に既知の方法により行われてよく、例えばマイクロフラクチャー又はドリリングにより行われてよい。当該処理が行われることで、本発明のシート状細胞培養物による軟骨の修復がより促進される。
本発明のシート状細胞培養物を患部へ施与する際に、生体内で使用可能な接着剤による接合又は縫合が行われてもよい。又は、当該接合又は縫合を行うことなく、当該シート状細胞培養物を単に患部に付着させるだけでもよい。
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である
となるように培養が行われてよい。
前記培養工程によって得られた細胞培養物は、優れた軟骨様組織形成特性、特には硝子軟骨様組織形成特性を有する。当該細胞培養物は、例えばヒト生体内に移植されたときに、特にはヒト生体内の膝軟骨部分に移植されたときに、軟骨様組織、特には硝子軟骨様組織を形成することができる。すなわち、当該細胞培養物は、軟骨修復作用、特には硝子軟骨修復作用を発揮することができる。そして当該細胞培養物は、軟骨組織と同様の機能を発揮する。
本発明の好ましい実施態様において、前記細胞培養物を得るための培養に用いられた原料細胞は、軟骨組織中の細胞を培地中で培養してコンフルエントにする第一培養工程、及び、前記第一培養工程においてコンフルエントとなった細胞集団を互いから解離する解離工程、前記解離工程において解離された細胞集団をさらに、前記培地と同じ新鮮培地中で培養する第二培養工程を含む原料細胞調製方法によって調製されたものであってよい。この原料細胞調製方法により調製された原料細胞が、軟骨修復適性を有する組織培養物の製造のために適している。
例えば、刺激応答性ポリマーが固定化された面上に細胞を播種し、当該ポリマーの水和力が弱い温度域にある培養液中で細胞を培養して細胞培養物が形成される。そして、細胞培養物の形成後、当該培養液をポリマーの水和力が強い状態となる温度に変化させることで、当該面からの細胞培養物の剥離が促進される。例えば、前記培養が行われる温度域(すなわち水和力が弱い温度域)は、例えば33℃~40℃でありうる。前記剥離のための温度(すなわち水和力が強い温度域)は、前記温度域より低い温度であり、例えば31℃以下でありうる。
本技術の一つの実施態様において、前記刺激応答性ポリマーは温度応答性ポリマーである。温度応答性ポリマーが固定化された面を有する基材を含む培地中で前記細胞が培養される場合、例えば、培養後に、培地の温度を当該温度応答性ポリマーの上限臨界溶解温度以上又は下限臨界溶解温度以下とすることで、当該面が疎水性から親水性に変化し、その結果、培養物と多孔膜との間の剥離が容易になる。なお、本発明の製造方法における培養は、例えば二次元培養(平面培養ともよばれる)であってよく、又は、三次元培養であってもよい(例えば浮遊培養やペレット培養など)。
タンパク質分解酵素による処理は、細胞-細胞間のデスモソーム構造及び細胞-基材間の基底膜様タンパク質の分解をもたらし、その結果、細胞培養物中の細胞が個々に分かれていることがある。一方、本発明の製造方法により得られた細胞培養物は、タンパク質分解酵素により処理を行わずに、培地の温度を変化させることによって基材から剥離されうる。その結果、上記デスモソーム構造が保持され、且つ、細胞培養物の欠陥を少なくすることができる。また、本発明の製造方法により得られた細胞培養物を培地の温度を変化させることによって基材から剥離した場合は、上記基底膜様タンパク質も酵素により破壊されていない。そのため、移植時において患部組織とより良好に接着することができ、効率良い治療を実施することができる。
タンパク質分解酵素であるディスパーゼは、上記デスモソーム構造を10~60%保持した状態で細胞シートを剥離させることができることで知られているが、上記基底膜様タンパク質を殆ど破壊してしまうため、得られる細胞培養物の強度は弱い。
本発明の製造方法により製造された細胞培養物は、上記デスモソーム構造及び上記基底膜様タンパク質をいずれも80%以上残存した状態で基材から剥離されうる。
前記(メタ)アクリルアミド化合物は例えば、アクリルアミド又はメタクリルアミドでありうる。
前記N-アルキル置換(メタ)アクリルアミド誘導体は例えば、N-エチルアクリルアミド(単独重合体の下限臨界溶液温度72℃)、N-n-プロピルアクリルアミド(同21℃)、N-n-プロピルメタクリルアミド(同27℃)、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミド(同32℃)、N-イソプロピルメタクリルアミド(同43℃)、N-シクロプロピルアクリルアミド(同45℃)、N-シクロプロピルメタクリルアミド(同60℃)、N-エトキシエチルアクリルアミド(同約35℃)、N-エトキシエチルメタクリルアミド(同約45℃)、N-テトラヒドロフルフリルアクリルアミド(同約28℃)、又はN-テトラヒドロフルフリルメタクリルアミド(同約35℃)でありうる。
前記N,N-ジアルキル置換(メタ)アクリルアミド誘導体は例えば、N,N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-エチルメチルアクリルアミド(単独重合体の下限臨界溶液温度56℃)、又はN,N-ジエチルアクリルアミド(同32℃)でありうる。
前記ビニルエーテル誘導体は例えば、メチルビニルエーテル(単独重合体の下限臨界溶液温度35℃)でありうる。
本発明において、温度応答性ポリマーとして、上記モノマー以外のモノマーとの共重合体が用いられてもよく、重合体同士をグラフト重合若しくは共重合したもの、又は重合体若しくは共重合体の混合物を用いてもよい。また、重合体本来の性質を損なわない範囲で架橋が行われてもよい。
本発明における培養又は剥離により適した臨界溶解温度を有する温度応答性ポリマーを選択するために、又は、多孔膜と培養物との間の相互作用を調節するために、又は、多孔膜の面の親水性又は疎水性を調整するために、上記ポリマーが適宜選択されうる。
好ましい実施態様において、前記温度応答性ポリマーは、ポリ(N-イソプロピルアクリルアミド)である。
前記化学的な反応によって結合させる方法において、例えば電子線照射(EB)、γ線照射、紫外線照射、可視光照射、LED照射、プラズマ処理、又はコロナ処理が行われうる。あるいは、ラジカル反応、アニオンラジカル反応、カチオンラジカル反応等の一般に用いられる有機反応により温度応答性ポリマーが多孔膜に固定化されてもよい。また、水不溶性ポリマーセグメントと温度応答性ポリマーセグメントが結合した構造をとるブロックコポリマーを基材表面に温度応答性ポリマー分として被覆してもよい。物理吸着やハイドロフォビックによる固定化をさせてもよい。
前記物理的な相互作用によって結合させる方法において、温度応答性ポリマー又は当該ポリマーと任意の媒体との混合物が多孔膜に塗布されうる。
また、本発明の製造方法において培地は無血清培地であってもよい。ITSなどの添加因子は、血清の機能を代替することができるので、当該添加因子を培地に含めることで、無血清培地において本発明の製造方法における培養が行われうる。また、無血清培地を用いることで、ヒトへの移植に際して生物原料資源を用いることのリスクが回避されうる。
好ましい実施態様において、本発明の細胞培養物は、培地中で細胞を培養して得られたものであり、好ましくはFBS及び/又はアスコルビン酸を含む培地中で細胞を培養して得られたものであり、例えばFBS及び/又はアスコルビン酸を含むDMEM/F12中で細胞を培養して得られたものであってよい。
前記状態における培養のために、例えばセルインサート(セルカルチャーインサートとも呼ばれる)又は同様の構造体を有する培養容器が用いられうる。例えば、多孔膜部分に刺激応答性ポリマー(例えば温度応答性ポリマー)を固定化したセルインサートを有する培養容器が、本発明の製造方法において用いられうる。当該多孔膜の刺激応答性ポリマー(例えば温度応答性ポリマー)を固定化した面上で前記細胞集団の培養が行われうる。
当該刺激応答性ポリマーの固定化は当業者に既知の方法によって行われてよく、例えば、特開平2-211865号公報に記載の方法により行われてよい。また、刺激応答性ポリマーが固定化されるセルインサートは市販入手可能なものが用いられてよく、例えば、Thermo Scientific(商標)Nunc(商標)CCインサート#140660、BD Falcon セルカルチャーインサート#353090、#353490、353102、#353091、#353092、#353093が用いられうる。
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度、及び/又は、
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度
が測定される。当該測定は、好ましくは、フローサイトメトリーにより行われる。当該フローサイトメトリーによる測定は、後述の「5.実施例」において説明したとおりに行われてよい。
前記判定工程において、前記解析工程において得られた細胞表面マーカーの発現強度に基づき、前記細胞培養物が軟骨組織の修復、特には硝子軟骨組織の修復、より特には膝硝子軟骨組織の修復に適しているかが判定されてもよい。
前記判定工程において、好ましくは前記細胞培養物に含まれる細胞集団について、
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であるか、及び/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上であるか
が判定される。
また、前記判定工程において、当該細胞培養物に含まれる細胞集団をフローサイトメトリーにより解析したときに測定される標準化平均蛍光強度が、上記1.において述べた条件1~10の少なくとも一つを満たし、且つ/又は、上記1.において述べた条件11~20の少なくとも一つを満たす場合に、前記細胞培養物が軟骨組織の修復、特には硝子軟骨組織の修復、より特には膝硝子軟骨組織の修復に適していると判定されてもよい。
また、前記判定工程において、上記2.において説明した解析工程において得られた細胞表面マーカーの発現強度に基づき、前記細胞培養物が軟骨組織の修復、特には硝子軟骨組織の修復、より特には膝硝子軟骨組織の修復に適しているかが判定されてもよい。
前記判定工程は、上記2.において説明した判定工程と同じであってよい。例えば、前記判定は、例えば上記2.で挙げた特定の細胞表面マーカーの発現強度、特には標準化平均強度が、各細胞表面マーカーについて定められた条件を満たすかに基づき行われてよい。
また、前記評価方法は、前記細胞集団をフローサイトメトリーにより解析する解析工程をさらに含みうる。前記判定工程における判定は、前記解析工程における解析結果に基づき行われうる。前記解析工程は、上記2.において説明した解析工程と同じであってよい。
また、本発明の評価方法では、細胞表面マーカーの発現強度に基づき軟骨修復に適しているかが判定されるので、細胞培養物を軟骨様組織へと誘導培養することなく軟骨修復適性を判定することができる。そのため、軟骨修復適性のために要する時間を削減することができる。さらには、本発明の評価方法は短時間で行うことができるので、軟骨修復用細胞培養物の製造における工程の一つとして組み込むことが可能とあり、これにより軟骨修復適性を有する細胞培養物をより確実に製造することができる。また、本発明の評価方法は、実際に細胞培養物を軟骨様組織へと誘導培養して軟骨修復適性を評価する場合と比べて、より安価に軟骨修復適性を評価することもできる。
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカー、及び/又は、
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーを含む。
これらの細胞表面マーカーは、細胞培養物の軟骨様組織形成特性を評価するために適している。
以下で、上記ステップ1~4の詳細を説明する。
軟骨組織片(多指症手術時の廃棄組織由来軟骨)を合計で16種類用意した。これら軟骨組織片のそれぞれに酵素処理(Collagenase Type-1/Worthington CLS-1又はLiberase MNP-S/Roche)を行って、各軟骨組織片から軟骨細胞を単離した。単離した軟骨細胞をせせるカルチャーインサート(UpCell(登録商標)インサート、株式会社セルシード)へ播種した。播種した日を0日とし、3~4日毎に培地交換を行った。播種後、10~21日で、各軟骨組織片中の軟骨細胞に由来するシート状細胞培養物が得られた。
ステップ1において得られた16種のシート状細胞培養物それぞれを、PBSで洗浄し、Accutase(Becton Dickinson社)を室温にて15分間反応させた。当該反応後、各シート状細胞培養物を回収し、Accutaseを除去した。当該除去後、0.25mg/ml Collagenase P(Roche)を37℃で30分間反応させて、各シート状細胞培養物中の細胞を分散させた。分散した細胞をPBSで洗浄し、0.2% FBS/5mM EDTA/PBSに懸濁して、懸濁液を得た。各シート状細胞培養物から得られた細胞集団を含む懸濁液について、242種の細胞表面マーカーそれぞれに対する抗体をそれぞれ添加し、氷上で30分間反応させた。すなわち、各シート状細胞培養物について、242の抗体含有懸濁液が得られた。以下表1では、これら242種のうち、後述のステップ4において相関が認められた細胞表面マーカーに対する抗体を示す。
以下表2に示される組成を有する基本培地を調製した。
ドナーID11のシート状細胞培養物の前記遺伝子発現比は、軟骨様組織形成特性(特には硝子軟骨様組織形成特性)を有することが示されている、全人工関節置換術廃棄組織由来軟骨から作成されるシート状細胞培養物(以下「TKA由来シート状細胞培養物」という)(Sato M et al., Combined surgery and chondrocyte cell-sheet transplantation improves clinical and structural outcomes in knee osteoarthritis., NPJ Regen Med, 4, 4, 2019.)と同じであり、すなわち軟骨組織形成特性を有する細胞培養物の基準として利用できる。そこで、ドナーID11のCOL2A1/COL1A1遺伝子発現比以上のCOL2A1/COL1A1遺伝子発現比を有するシート状細胞培養物を、軟骨様組織形成特性を有すると判定することができる。
具体的には、CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bが、COL2A1/COL1A1遺伝子発現比と負の相関を有することが分かった。従って、これら表面マーカーの発現強度が、閾値以下である細胞集団を含む細胞培養物は、軟骨様組織形成特性を有するものとして利用することができ、軟骨修復に適していることが分かる。
また、CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90が、COL2A1/COL1A1遺伝子発現比と正の相関を有することが分かった。従って、これら表面マーカーの発現強度が、閾値以上である細胞集団を含む細胞培養物は、軟骨様組織形成特性を有するものとして利用することができ、軟骨修復に適していることが分かる。
また、COL2A1/COL1A1遺伝子発現比と正の相関を有する10種類の細胞表面マーカーのうち、CD26及びCD73が、より強い正の相関を有し(CD26:r=0.485、CD73:r=0.456)、且つ、陰性対照と明確な差を有することが分かった。そのため、少なくともCD26及び/又はCD73の発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である細胞集団を含む細胞培養物は、優れた軟骨様組織形成特性を有するものとして利用することができ、軟骨修復(特には硝子軟骨修復)に特に適していることが分かる。
そのため、FITCを結合した抗CD26抗体によりシート状細胞培養物中の細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が例えば2.3以上であり、より好ましくは2.6以上であり、さらにより好ましくは2.9以上である場合に、当該シート状細胞培養物は、軟骨様組織形成特性を有するものとして利用することができ、軟骨修復に適していると考えられる。
以下で、これらのステップの詳細及び得られた結果について説明する。
上記「5.実施例1」のステップ1において説明したとおりの手順により、3種類の軟骨組織片のそれぞれから、各軟骨組織片中の軟骨細胞に由来するシート状細胞培養物を得た。得られた3つのシート状細胞培養物を以下でそれぞれ「試料No.1」、「試料No.2」、及び「試料No.3」ともいう。
ステップ2-1において得られた3種のシート状細胞培養物それぞれについて、以下の細胞分散処理及びFCM測定によりCD44の発現の程度を解析した。
20%FBS DMEM-F12/AB/AA(以下「AA(+)培地」ともいう)
DPBS(-)(gibco:14190-250)
LiberaseTM TL Research Grade(sigma:54010200001)(以下「Liberase TL」ともいう
注射水(富士フイルム和光純薬:161-08247)
5.0g/l-Trypsin/5.3mmol/l-EDTA Solution(ナカライテスク:35556-44)(以下「Trypsin/EDTA」ともいう)
0.4% Trypan Blue Stain (Invitrogen, T10282)
STEM-CELLBANKER (ZENOAQ RESOURCE, CB045)(以下「cell banker」ともいう)
1.Liberase TLに注射水 2 mLを添加し、混合する(以下、得られた混合物を「13 Units/mL Liberase TL」ともいう)
2.50 mLチューブにAA(+)培地 5.7 mL入れる
3.13 Units/mL Liberase TL 300 μLを添加し、混合する(以下、得られた混合物を「0.65 Units/mL Liberase TL」ともいう)
1.14日間培養した細胞シートを 適量数用意する
2.6well-plateにDPBS(+)を3 ml/wellずつ分注する
3.温度応答性インサート(CellSeed:CS6301)を2.に移す
4.Trypsin/EDTA 10 mLを50 mLチューブに入れ、37℃に加温する
5.インサートの培地を除去し、DPBS(-) 2 mL/wellでwash
6.シートを剥離し、4のチューブに入れる(4 sheet/tubeまで可)
7.37℃のwater bathに入れ、incubate 30min (適宜チューブを振る)
8.AA(+)培地 10 mL添加し、酵素処理を止める
9.350 ×g 5 min at 25℃で遠心する
10.上清を除去
11.0.65 Units/mL Liberase TL 3 mLを入れる
12.37℃のwater bathに入れ、incubate 30min(適宜チューブを振る)
以下13.~16.は、細胞の塊がなくなった時点で、17.へ
13.細胞の塊が残っていたら、0.65 Units/mL Liberase TL 1 mLを入れる
14.37℃のwater bathに入れ、incubate 15 min(適宜チューブを振る)
15.細胞の塊が残っていたら、0.65 Units/mL Liberase TL 1 mLを入れる
16.37℃のwater bathに入れ、incubate 15 min~ (適宜チューブを振る。細胞の塊がなくなるまで。)
17.細胞の塊がなくなったら、残りの0.65 Units/mL Liberase TL を入れる
18.40 μmセルストレイナーを通し、新しい50 mLチューブに回収する
19.AA(+)培地 5 mLで 50 mLチューブを共洗いし、18.の40 μmセルストレイナーを通し、50 mLチューブに回収する
20.350 ×g 5 min at 25℃で遠心する
21.上清を除去する
22.AA(+)培地に懸濁する
23.細胞数をカウントする
24.350×g 5 min at 25℃で遠心する
25.上清を除去する
→以下のFCM測定を行う
→すぐにFCM測定しないときは以下の方法で保存する
26.cell bankerに懸濁する
27.クライオチューブに分注する
28.-80℃凍結保存する
29.翌日以降、-150℃に移す、保存する
DPBS(-)(gibco:14190-250)
0.4% Trypan Blue Stain (Invitrogen, T10282)
NEG.CTRL IgG1(mouse)-FITC 100t CE(Beckman&Coulter:A07795)(以下「IgG1-FITC」ともいう)
MOUSE IgG1-APC, 100t CE(Beckman&Coulter:IM2475)(以下「IgG1-APC」ともいう)
Hu CD44 FITC G44-26 100Tst(BD Pharmingen:559596) (以下「CD44-FITC」ともいう)
1.細胞懸濁液を生細胞:1×105~2×105cells/1.5 mL tubeに2本分注する
2.PBS(-) 1 mLを添加し、懸濁する
3.350 ×g 3min at 4℃で遠心する
4.上清を除去する
5.PBS(-) 1 mLを添加し、懸濁する
6.350 ×g 3min at 4℃で遠心する
7.上清を除去する
8.PBS(-) 50μLを添加して懸濁する
9.抗体 5 μL/tube ずつ添加し、懸濁する
チューブ1:IgG1-FITC・IgG1-APC
チューブ2:CD44-FITC
10.遮光し4℃で30~60分インキュベートする
11.PBS(-) 1 mLを添加し、懸濁する
12.350 ×g 3min at 4℃で遠心する
13.上清を除去する
14.PBS(-) 0.3 mLを添加し、懸濁する
15.セルストレイナーつき5 mLチューブに添加する
16.BD FACSVerseで測定及び解析する
ステップ2-1において得られた3種のシート状細胞培養物それぞれについて、以下の三次元培養処理及び染色処理を行った。
上記「5.実施例1」のステップ3において説明したとおりの誘導培地を入れた低接着6well plateへ、各シート状細胞培養物を球状になるように丸めて入れ、5%CO2、37℃の条件下で7日間培養した。当該培養後、当該球状組織を回収した。
当該球状組織に対して、以下のサフラニンO染色処理を行った。
マイヤーヘマトキシリン溶液(富士フイルム和光純薬, 131-09665)
0.08% Fast Green(調製試薬)
1% 酢酸水(調製試薬)
0.1% サフラニンO(武藤化学, 42262)
100% エタノール(富士フイルム和光純薬, 054-00461)
キシレン(富士フイルム和光純薬, 241-00096)
マリノール 750cps(武藤化学, 20091)
1.酢酸と精製水を1:99となるように染色バットにて混ぜ合わせる
1.スライドガラスを10分間水洗する。
2.顕微鏡で染まり具合を確認しながら、ヘマトキシリンで染色(約10秒間)。
3.スライドガラスを5分間水洗する。
4.0.08% Fast Greenに5分間浸ける。
5.1% 酢酸水に10秒間浸ける。
6.0.1% サフラニンOに5分間浸ける。
7.100% エタノール入りバットを3つ用意し、1バット約10秒間揺らしながら浸す操作を3回行う
8.キシレン入りバットを3つ用意し、1バット約10秒間揺らしながら浸す操作を3回行う。
9.カバーガラスにマリノールを2滴ほど乗せ、キシレンを混ぜ合わせる。
10.ゆっくりスライドを被せる。
11.顕微鏡で観察し、撮影する。
上記ステップ2-2において得られた発現解析の結果を以下の表5に示す。以下の表5において単位は%である。試料No.2及び試料No.3のシート状細胞培養物のCD44の発現は、試料No.1における発現よりも強い。
特に、上記「6-2.CD44の発現解析(ステップ2-2)」において説明した測定及び解析手法の観点から、コントロール(IgG1-FITC)を1%としたときのCD44の%が、好ましくは90%以上、より好ましくは92%以上である場合に、当該シート状細胞培養物は、特に優れた軟骨様組織形成特性を有するものとして利用することができ、軟骨修復に適していると考えられる。
Claims (24)
- CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、各細胞表面マーカーについての閾値以下であり、且つ/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、各細胞表面マーカーについての閾値以上である
細胞集団を含む、
軟骨様組織形成特性を有する細胞培養物。 - 前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD99及び/又はGD2の発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ/又は、
前記細胞表面マーカーのうち、少なくともCD26、CD73、及びCD44のうちのいずれか1つ、2つ、又は3つの発現強度が、これら細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である、
請求項1に記載の細胞培養物。 - 前記発現強度が、前記細胞集団をフローサイトメトリーにより解析して測定される標準化平均蛍光強度である、請求項1又は2に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞集団をフローサイトメトリーにより解析したときに測定される標準化平均蛍光強度が、以下の条件1~10の少なくとも一つを満たし、且つ/又は、以下の条件11~20の少なくとも一つを満たす、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
条件1:PEを結合した抗CD166抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が240以下である、
条件2:BB700を結合した抗CD165抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該BB700に由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が132以下である、
条件3:FITCを結合した抗CD99抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.9以下である、
条件4:BB700を結合した抗GD2抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該BB700に由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が3.6以下である、
条件5:FITCを結合した抗STRO-1抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.4以下である、
条件6:PEを結合した抗CD108抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.9以下である、
条件7:PEを結合した抗CD164抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が3.0以下である、
条件8:FITCを結合した抗CD6抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.4以下である、
条件9:FITCを結合した抗CD106抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が2.4以下である、
条件10:FITCを結合した抗CD107b抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が2.0以下である、
条件11:FITCを結合した抗CD26抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が2.3以上である、
条件12:FITCを結合した抗CD73抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が47以上である、
条件13:PEを結合した抗CD105抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が21以上である、
条件14:FITCを結合した抗CD44抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が128以上である、
条件15:APCを結合した抗CD120a抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該APCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が24以上である、
条件16:PEを結合した抗CD201抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が18以上である、
条件17:PEを結合した抗EGFR抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が3.2以上である、
条件18:FITCを結合した抗CD146抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該FITCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が1.6以上である、
条件19:PEを結合した抗CD140a抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該PEに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が5.6以上である、
条件20:APCを結合した抗CD90抗体により前記細胞集団を標識したときに、当該APCに由来する標準化平均蛍光強度が800以上である。 - 前記細胞集団をフローサイトメトリーにより解析したときに測定される標準化平均蛍光強度が、前記条件3及び/又は4を満たし、且つ/又は、前記条件11、12、及び14のうちの1つ、2つ、又は3つを満たす、請求項4に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物がシート状である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、軟骨組織に由来するものである、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、滑膜に由来するものでない、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、幹細胞に由来するものである、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記幹細胞が、多能性幹細胞、胚性幹細胞、又は体性幹細胞を含む、請求項9に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、軟骨組織の修復のために用いられるものである、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、膝軟骨組織の修復のために用いられるものである、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、硝子軟骨様組織形成特性を有する、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、刺激応答性ポリマーが固定化された面を有する基材を含む培地中で細胞を培養することによって得られたものである、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、刺激応答性ポリマーが固定化された面を有する多孔膜の当該面上で細胞を培養して得られたものである、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物が、培地中で細胞を培養して得られたものである、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。
- 前記細胞培養物を得るための培養に用いられた原料細胞が、軟骨組織由来細胞であり、
前記軟骨組織由来細胞が、FBSを含むDMEM/F12中で、軟骨組織中の細胞を少なくとも2日培養して得られた細胞である、
請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養物。 - 前記細胞培養物を得るための培養に用いられた原料細胞が、
軟骨組織中の細胞を培地中で培養してコンフルエントにする第一培養工程、及び、
前記第一培養工程においてコンフルエントとなった細胞集団を互いから解離する解離工程、
前記解離工程において解離された細胞集団をさらに、前記培地と同じ新鮮培地中で培養する第二培養工程
を含む原料細胞調製方法によって調製されたものである、
請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の培養物。 - 細胞培養物の評価方法であって、
細胞培養物に含まれる細胞集団について、
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であるか、及び/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上であるか
を判定する判定工程を含む、
前記評価方法。 - 前記細胞集団をフローサイトメトリーにより解析する解析工程をさらに含み、
前記判定工程における判定が、前記解析工程における解析結果に基づき行われる、
請求項19に記載の評価方法。 - 前記判定工程において、
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である
場合に、前記シート状細胞培養物が軟骨様組織形成特性を有すると判定する、
請求項19又は20に記載の評価方法。 - 細胞を培養して細胞培養物を得る培養工程を含み、
前記培養工程において、
前記細胞培養物に含まれる細胞集団に関して、
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、細胞表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である
となるように培養が行われる、
軟骨様組織形成特性を有する細胞培養物の製造方法。 - 前記細胞培養物に含まれる細胞集団をフローサイトメトリーにより解析する解析工程、及び
前記解析工程において、
CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以下であり、且つ/又は
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカーの発現強度が、表面マーカーそれぞれについての閾値以上である
場合に、前記細胞培養物が軟骨様組織形成特性を有すると判定する判定工程、
をさらに含む、請求項22に記載の製造方法。 - CD166、CD165、CD99、GD2、STRO-1、CD108、CD164、CD6、CD106、及びCD107bからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカー、及び/又は、
CD26、CD73、CD105、CD44、CD120a、CD201、EGFR、CD146、CD140a、及びCD90からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの細胞表面マーカー
を含む軟骨様組織形成特性評価用マーカー。
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