WO2021182517A1 - -1フレームシフトを誘導するための1本鎖核酸分子及び組成物 - Google Patents
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule for inducing a -1 frameshift and a composition containing the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule.
- a hereditary disease is a disease caused by abnormal expression of a gene, such as a decrease in the expression level of the gene or an increase in the expression level of the gene due to some abnormality in the gene.
- Hereditary diseases include, for example, muscular dystrophy, cancer, multiple sclerosis, spinal muscle atrophy, Let syndrome, muscular atrophic lateral sclerosis, fragile X syndrome, Prader Willy syndrome, pigmented dry skin disease, porphyrin.
- nonsense mutant hereditary diseases are diseases caused by inhibition of protein expression due to an early stop codon (PTC) formed by a point mutation on a gene. be.
- PTC early stop codon
- PTC can also be caused by frameshift mutations.
- PTC is formed by the deletion or insertion of a number of bases other than a multiple of 3 in the gene, and the shift of the reading frame at the time of translation (frame shift).
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy which is one of the out-of-frame mutant hereditary diseases, is caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene on the X chromosome.
- DMD Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- the deletion of a part of the exon of the dystrophin gene on the X chromosome causes the formation of PTC on the mRNA, and the translation is interrupted or terminated, resulting in the expression of normal dystrophin and dystrophin-related proteins. It will not be done normally. This leads to the development of DMD due to a deficiency of functional dystrophin protein in muscle tissue.
- Exon skipping is a technique that allows exons containing out-of-frame mutations to be skipped to convert out-of-frame mutations into in-frame mutations to obtain proteins encoded by mRNAs lacking some exons.
- the protein obtained by exon skipping is a protein (trancate type protein) having an amino acid length shorter than that of a normal protein.
- a protein trancate type protein having an amino acid length shorter than that of a normal protein.
- the compounds and antisense nucleic acids described in the following Patent Documents 1 and 2 (the entire description of the document is incorporated herein by reference) are known.
- the read-through activity refers to an activity that acts on the ribosome and causes the ribosome to read over the PTC formed by an out-of-frame mutation and perform translation.
- normal proteins can be synthesized.
- a compound described in the following Patent Document 3 (the entire description of the document is incorporated herein by reference) is known.
- Non-Patent Document 1 (the entire description of the document is incorporated herein by reference) describes a method for identifying a frameshift gene in the genome and circular code information used in the method.
- PTC can be skipped by using a substance having read-through activity such as the compound described in Patent Document 3.
- a substance having read-through activity such as the compound described in Patent Document 3.
- the shifted reading frame is not returned, so that the obtained protein has a problem that the amino acid composition is different from that of a normal protein.
- whether or not read-through occurs depends largely on probability theory, and there is a problem that protein synthesis is often not continued because other amino acids are not incorporated into PTC.
- arbekacin which is a compound described in Patent Document 3 is an antibiotic and has a problem of being highly toxic to a living body.
- the present invention has a length of a protein having an amino acid sequence more similar to that of a normal protein even from a gene in which an out-of-frame mutation has occurred, as compared with a method using a substance having exon skipping and read-through activity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a substance that is safe for a living body and a composition containing the substance, which can be expressed in a state in which the deletion of protein is suppressed.
- the present inventor has accumulated intensive research on correcting the disorder of reading genetic information without skipping exons.
- the reading frame can be shifted by 1 base in the 5'direction or 3'direction or 2 bases in the 3'direction in or around the mutated portion, it is normal while keeping the length of the expressed protein as long as possible.
- the present inventor surprisingly contains a single-stranded nucleic acid containing a sequence complementary to the target sequence of the gene of interest and a sequence forming a specific stem loop structure.
- a molecule we have succeeded in correcting the disorder of reading genetic information without skipping exons by inducing a -1 frame shift around the mutated portion and shifting the reading frame.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule can be decomposed by a nucleic acid-degrading enzyme in the living body, it is safer to the living body than a synthetic compound.
- the present inventor has succeeded in creating a composition containing the above-mentioned single-stranded nucleic acid molecule and the above-mentioned single-stranded nucleic acid molecule as active ingredients.
- the present invention has been completed based on such successful examples and findings.
- the following single-stranded nucleic acid molecules and compositions are provided.
- Nucleic acid molecule [2] The single-stranded nucleic acid molecule according to [1], wherein the terminal of the stem portion of the stem loop structure is cytosine and guanine. [3] The single-stranded nucleic acid molecule according to any one of [1] to [2], wherein the stem-loop structure is a stem-loop structure in which the loop portion is mainly composed of cytosine.
- [4] The single-stranded nucleic acid molecule according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the stem-loop structure is a stem-loop structure having a stem portion of 4 base pairs to 20 base pairs.
- the second sequence is the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or SEQ ID NO: 18.
- the first sequence is a sequence having a length of 8 bases to 16 bases.
- the composition is a pharmaceutical composition for normalizing the expression of the gene by inducing a -1 frameshift and preventing and / or treating a hereditary disease caused by abnormal expression of the gene.
- the hereditary diseases include muscular dystrophy, cancer, multiple sclerosis, spinal muscle atrophy, Let syndrome, muscular atrophic lateral sclerosis, fragile X syndrome, Prader Willy syndrome, pigmented dry skin disease, etc.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule according to any one of [1] to [8] or the composition according to [9] has a hereditary disease caused by abnormal expression of a gene of interest.
- a method for treating and / or preventing a hereditary disease which comprises administering to an individual organism at risk thereof.
- the hereditary diseases include muscular dystrophy, cancer, multiple sclerosis, spinal muscle atrophy, Let syndrome, muscular atrophic lateral sclerosis, fragile X syndrome, Prader Willy syndrome, pigmented dry skin disease, etc. Porphyllinosis, Werner syndrome, progressive ossifying fibrous dysplasia, infantile neuroseloid lipofustin deposits, Alzheimer's disease, Teesax's disease, neural tissue degeneration, Parkinson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hostile transplantation piece disease, Arthritis, hemophilia, von Willebrand's disease, capillary diastolic dyskinesia, salacemia, renal stones, bone dysplasia, liver cirrhosis, neurofibromatosis, bullous disease, lysosome accumulation disease, Harler's disease, cerebral dyskinesia, nodules Sclerosis, familial erythrocytosis, immunodeficiency, kidney disease, lung disease, cystic fibrosis
- a protein having an amino acid sequence more similar to that of a normal protein is expressed from a gene in which an out-of-frame mutation has occurred, while maintaining a longer overall length. be able to. Therefore, according to the present invention, expression of a functional protein is expected from a mutated gene.
- a hereditary disease caused by an abnormality in which the expression of a target gene is normalized and the expression of the gene is reduced or increased for example, muscular dystrophy, cancer, multiple sclerosis, spinal muscle Atrophy, Let's Syndrome, Muscle Atrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Vulnerable X Syndrome, Prader Willy Syndrome, Pigmented Dry Dermatosis, Porphyrinopathy, Werner Syndrome, Progressive Osteoplastic Fibrosis, Infant Neuroseloid Lipofustin Deposition, Alzheimer's disease, Teesax's disease, neural tissue degeneration, Parkinson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hostile graft disease, arthritis, hemophilia, von Willebrand's disease, capillary diastolic dyskinesia, salacemia, renal stones , Bone dysplasia, liver cirrhosis, neurofibromatosis, bullous disease, lysosome accumulation, Harler's disease, cerebral ataxia, nod
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a coding region (CDS) of EGFP-Human ⁇ -Tubulin as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the imaging results of the fluorescence microscope of Example 1 as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the CDS of the DHFR gene as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the nucleotide sequence of the reverse primer used in Example 2, as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the amino acid sequence of the DHFR protein and the amino acid sequence of the DHFR-His protein as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 5A is a photograph of the entire gel after electrophoresis and staining in Example 2, as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of the portion of FIG. 5A where the His-tagged DHFR protein of TEST2 Elution 1 and Elution 2 appeared.
- FIG. 5C is an enlarged view of the portion of FIG. 5A where the DHFR protein and the DHFR protein fragment of NC, PC and TEST1 appeared.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the target sequence of Position 1 set around the breakpoint between exon 44 and exon 51 of the mutant dystrophin gene, as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the target sequence of Position 2 set around the breakpoint between exon 44 and exon 51 of the mutant dystrophin gene, as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the target sequence of Position 1 set around the breakpoint between exon 44 and exon 51 of the mutant dystrophin gene, as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the target sequence of Position 2 set around the breakpoint between exon 44 and exon 51 of the mutant dystrophin gene,
- FIG. 6C is a diagram showing the target sequence of Position 3 set around the breakpoint between exon 44 and exon 51 of the mutant dystrophin gene, as described in Examples described later.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of the relative amount of dystrophin mRNA expression level to the mRNA expression level of GAPDH described in Example 3, as described in Examples described later.
- composition is not particularly limited as having a commonly used meaning, and examples thereof include a combination of two or more kinds of components.
- Active ingredient means an ingredient that characterizes the use of the composition.
- the term “and / or” means any one, or any combination of two or more, or all combinations of a plurality of related items listed.
- Constent is synonymous with concentration and added amount and means the ratio of the amount of the component to the total amount of the composition. However, the total content of the components does not exceed 100%.
- Effective amount means an amount at which the action of the active ingredient or composition is exhibited.
- the “ ⁇ ” in the numerical range is a range including the numerical values before and after the numerical range, and for example, “0% to 100%” means a range of 0% or more and 100% or less.
- “Excess” and “less than” mean the lower limit and the upper limit, respectively, without including the preceding numerical value. For example, “1 excess” is a numerical value larger than 1, and “less than 100” is a numerical value less than 100.
- “Including” means that elements other than those specified as being included can be added (synonymous with “at least including”), but includes “consisting of" and “essentially consisting of”. .. That is, "contains” can mean that it includes an explicit element and any one or more elements, consists of an explicit element, or essentially consists of an explicit element. .. Elements include restrictions such as components, processes, conditions, and parameters.
- the "stem-loop structure” is also referred to as a hairpin loop, and is not particularly limited as having a commonly used meaning, but for example, the first and second sequences having a complementary relationship with each other and the first and second sequences thereof. Refers to the structure formed in the third sequence between the sequences of. In this case, the first and second sequences form a base pair to form a double-stranded portion (stem portion), and the third sequence forms a loop portion without forming a base pair, and the whole is formed. It exhibits a stem-loop structure.
- “Complementary base pairs” or simply “base pairs” means Watson-Crick base pairs and wobble base pairs, which are combinations of adenine (A) with timine (T) or uracil (U) and guanine (G). Means the combination of guanine (G) and uracil (U), as well as the combination of guanine (G) and uracil (U).
- adenine, thymine, uracil, guanine and cytosine, and A, T, U, G and C representing them, respectively are referred to as “base” or “nucleotide”.
- base and “nucleotide” are treated as mutually substitutable terms.
- the “end of the stem portion” refers to the sequence of the two ends of the stem portion that are not bound to the sequence forming the loop portion.
- -1 frame shift means a frame shift that shifts the codon reading frame by 1 base to the 5'side among the frame shifts that mean the shift of the codon reading frame.
- the mRNA shown as the scheme (I) is generated by ribosomal RNA in order of 3 bases each from the start codon (AUG) to CGU, GCU, and GUG. It can be read (Flame 0).
- the reading frame shifts by 1 base to the 5'side at the frameshift site also referred to as the slippage site
- the last G of the GUG is set as the head.
- GGC is read, then GAA and AUA are read (Frame 2).
- a frame shift that occurs so as to shift one base to the 5'side at the frame shift site in this way is called a -1 frame shift.
- Out-of-frame mutation means a mutation in which the reading frame of the open reading frame (ORF) of mRNA shifts.
- ORF open reading frame
- PTC early stop codon
- Nucleic acid molecule also simply referred to as nucleic acid, means, as is usually meant, a polymer in which nucleotides consisting of ribonucleotides, deoxyribonucleotides and their analogs are linked by phosphodiester bonds. Nucleotides are sometimes called bases, and nucleotide sequences and base sequences are synonymous. Nucleobase sequences and base sequences may be referred to simply as sequences of nucleic acid molecules. Typical examples of nucleic acid molecules include ribonucleic acid (RNA) composed of ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) composed of deoxyribonucleotides.
- RNA ribonucleic acid
- DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
- Single-stranded nucleic acid molecule means one nucleic acid molecule that does not form a complementary base pair with another nucleic acid molecule.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may have a stem portion formed by forming complementary base pairs between sequences in the molecule.
- “Expression” means synthesis of mRNA from a gene (transcription), synthesis of protein from mRNA (translation), or both.
- "Upstream” with respect to a sequence means the 5'side for a nucleotide sequence and the N-terminal side for an amino acid sequence.
- Downstream for a sequence means the 3'side for a nucleotide sequence and the C-terminal side for an amino acid sequence.
- the number of digits of the integer value and the number of digits of the significant figures match. For example, 1 significant digit is 1 digit and 10 significant digit is 2 digits. In addition, the number of digits after the decimal point matches the number of significant digits in the decimal value. For example, 0.1 significant digit is 1 digit and 0.10 significant digit is 2 digits.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule of one aspect of the present invention forms a stem-loop structure with a first sequence complementary to the target sequence of the gene of interest in the direction from the 5'end side to the 3'end side. Includes a second sequence.
- a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule it is possible to induce a -1 frameshift when the mRNA of the target gene is translated. That is, the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule has a -1 frameshift inducing action.
- the mechanism of the -1 frameshift inducing action of a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule will be described using a schematic diagram of the mRNA of the target gene shown as scheme (II).
- the first sequence in the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule forms a complementary base pair with the target sequence in the mRNA of the target gene and binds to it.
- a -1 frame shift occurs in which the reading frame shifts 1 base before the upstream 14 bases of the target sequence.
- the sense codon N 36 N 35 N 34 starting from N 36, which is 14 bases upstream of the target sequence is shifted one base forward by -1 frameshift, and the sense codon N 37 N 36 N 35 Shift to.
- the -1 frame shift occurs after the amino acids corresponding to the first sense codon N 36 N 35 N 34 and the subsequent second sense codon N 33 N 32 N 31 are added. It is believed that the ribosome slips at the positions of sense codons N 37 N 36 N 35 and sense codons N 34 N 33 N 32.
- the amino acid sequence of the synthesized protein includes the amino acid encoded by the first sense codon N 36 N 35 N 34 , the amino acid encoded by the second sense codon N 33 N 32 N 31 , and the sense codon N 31 N 26 N 25. It is presumed that the sequence is the amino acid encoded by the amino acid encoded by the sense codon N 24 N 23 N 22.
- the base (nucleotide) upstream of a certain sequence means a base (nucleotide) located 5'on the 5'end of the sequence as a reference.
- the base (nucleotide) downstream of a certain sequence means a base (nucleotide) located 3'on the 3'end of the sequence as a reference.
- the target sequence can be appropriately determined depending on the site where a -1 frameshift is desired to occur. That is, the target sequence can be a site starting from 14 bases downstream of the site (N 36 in scheme (II)) in which a -1 frameshift is desired to occur. However, in the upstream 9 bases to upstream 15 bases of the target sequence (N 37 N 36 N 35 N 34 N 33 N 32 N 31 in the scheme (II)), the same bases such as CC, AA, UU or GG are 2 It is preferable that the number is continuous. Further, in the upstream 9 bases to the upstream 15 bases of the target sequence, it is preferable that there are two or more portions in which two or more of the same bases are continuous.
- upstream 9 bases to upstream 15 bases of the target sequence is the number of bases when the sequence N 26 N 25 N 24 N 23 N 22 N 21 (called a spacer sequence) in the scheme (II) is 6 bases.
- the spacer sequence may be 3 to 8 bases.
- the above “9 bases upstream to 15 bases upstream of the target sequence” is "11 bases upstream to 17 bases upstream of the target sequence”. Read as ".
- the first sequence may be a sequence containing a sequence complementary to the target sequence.
- the length of the first sequence may be long enough to bind to the target sequence and is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 to 25 bases in length, considering the binding force to the target sequence. Therefore, it is preferably 6 to 20 bases long, more preferably 8 to 16 bases long, and even more preferably 11 to 13 bases long.
- the first sequence may be completely complementary or partially complementary to the target sequence, but it should be completely complementary considering the binding force to the target sequence. Is preferable.
- the first sequence can be determined based on the nucleotide sequence, which is a sequence of nucleotides in the target sequence.
- the second sequence forms a stem-loop structure.
- the end of the stem portion of the stem loop structure is an intramolecular double strand. It maintains its structure and does not form complementary base pairs with the mRNA of the gene of interest. This will be described by exemplifying the scheme (III) showing the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule of one aspect of the present invention in a non-limiting manner.
- the length of the stem portion may be long enough to form an intramolecular double-stranded structure, and is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 3 base pairs to 50 bases. It is the length to form a pair, and considering that the double-stranded structure in the molecule is stably maintained, it is preferably the length to form 4 base pairs to 20 base pairs, and 5 base pairs to 10 It is more preferably a length that forms base pairs, and even more preferably a length that forms about 8 base pairs.
- the stem portion may be either a complete intramolecular double-stranded structure or a double-stranded structure having a portion having a single-stranded structure in the middle, but the intramolecular double-stranded structure is stable. It is preferable to have a complete intramolecular double-stranded structure in consideration of maintaining the ratio. Even in a double-stranded structure having a portion having a single-stranded structure in the middle, it is preferable that the two sequences at the ends of the stem portion form complementary base pairs.
- the nucleotide sequence of the stem portion is not particularly limited as long as it is a sequence that forms an intracellular double-stranded structure.
- the two nucleotides at the end of the stem portion are preferably a combination of cytosine and guanine, a combination of adenine and uracil, and more preferably a combination of cytosine and guanine.
- a specific example of the nucleotide sequence of one of the stem portions is, but is not limited to, the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 15 (5'-CCGCAUUA-3').
- the sequence that forms a complementary base pair with the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 15 and has a complete intramolecular double-stranded structure is the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 16 (5'-UAGUGUGG-3').
- the length of the loop portion may be long enough to maintain the single-stranded structure, and is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 3 bases to 25 bases. In consideration of maintaining a stable single-stranded structure, the length is preferably 5 to 20 bases, more preferably 8 to 15 bases, and about 11 bases. It is more preferable to have.
- the loop portion may be either a complete single-stranded structure or a single-stranded structure having a portion having a double-stranded structure in the middle, but the single-stranded structure should be stably maintained. In consideration of the above, a complete single-stranded structure is preferable.
- the nucleotide sequence of the loop portion is not particularly limited as long as it is a sequence that maintains a single-stranded structure, but examples thereof include sequences that do not form an intramolecular double-stranded structure, preferably cytosine and adenine or uridine.
- Specific examples of the nucleotide sequence of the loop portion are, but are not limited to, a sequence consisting of 11 cytosines.
- the length of the second sequence may be the sum of the length of the stem portion and the length of the loop portion, for example, 9 bases to 65 bases, and the stem loop structure is stably maintained.
- the length is preferably 15 to 50 bases, more preferably 18 to 35 bases, and even more preferably about 27 bases.
- the length of the loop portion can be longer, shorter, or the same as the length of the stem portion, but given the efficiency of -1 frameshift induction,
- the length of the loop portion is preferably longer or the same as the length of the stem portion, more preferably longer, further preferably 1.2 to 8 times longer, and 1.3 times longer. It is even more preferable that it is ⁇ 1.5 times longer.
- the second sequence may be any sequence that forms a stem-loop structure composed of the above-mentioned stem portion and loop portion, and specific examples thereof include the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 17 and the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 18.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may include the first sequence and the second sequence in the direction from the 5'end side to the 3'end side, and the 5'end side and the second sequence of the first sequence may be included. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 nucleotides between the 3'end side and / or the first sequence and the second sequence of Although it may be added, it is preferably composed of a first sequence and a second sequence.
- the length of the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule consisting of the first sequence and the second sequence may be the sum of the length of the first sequence and the length of the second sequence. For example, It is 14 to 90 bases long, preferably 21 to 70 bases long, more preferably 26 to 51 bases long, and even more preferably 38 to 40 bases long. ..
- the length of the second sequence is preferably longer than the length of the first sequence, but the length of the first sequence is longer than the length of the stem portion in the second sequence. Is preferable.
- Each nucleotide constituting the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be either a natural nucleotide (natural nucleotide) or a modified nucleotide (modified nucleotide). Further, the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be composed of a natural nucleotide, a modified nucleotide, or a combination of a natural nucleotide and a modified nucleotide. ..
- the modified nucleotide is not particularly limited, but for example, a sugar-modified nucleotide (D-ribofuranose is 2'-O-alkylated nucleotide, D-ribofuranose is 2'-O, 4'-C-alkyleneized. Nucleotides, etc.); Nucleotides modified with phosphodiester bonds (thioated modified nucleotides); Nucleotides modified with bases; Nucleotides in which these modifications are combined, and the like can be mentioned.
- D-ribofuranose is 2'-O-alkylated nucleotide
- D-ribofuranose is 2'-O, 4'-C-alkyleneized.
- Nucleotides, etc. Nucleotides modified with phosphodiester bonds (thioated modified nucleotides)
- Nucleotides modified with bases Nucleotides in which these modifications are combined, and the like can be mentioned.
- a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule having a modified nucleotide is superior to a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule consisting of a natural nucleotide because it can have advantages such as high binding force to RNA and high resistance to nuclease. -1 Frame shift inducing action may be expected.
- the modified nucleotide may be a peptide nucleic acid (PNA).
- sugar modifications of nucleotides include 2'-O-alkylation of D-ribofuranose (eg, 2'-O-methylation, 2'-O-aminoethylation, 2'-O-propylation, 2'-O-allylation, 2'-O-methoxyethylation, 2'-O-butylation, 2'-O-pentylation, 2'-O-propargylation, etc.), 2'of D-ribofuranose -O, 4'-C-alkyleneation (eg, 2'-O, 4'-C-ethyleneation, 2'-O, 4'-C-methyleneation, 2'-O, 4'-C-propylene 2'-O, 4'-C-tetramethyleneation, 2'-O, 4'-C-pentamethyleneation, etc.), 3'-deoxy-3'-amino-2'-deoxy-D-ribo Furanose, 3'-deoxy-3'-amino-2'-deoxy
- Examples of modification of the phosphate diester bond of nucleotides include phosphorothioate bond, methylphosphonate bond, methylthiophosphonate bond, phosphorodithioate bond, phosphoramidate bond and the like.
- nucleotide base modifications include 5-methylation, 5-fluorolation, 5-bromolation, 5-iodolation, N4-methylation of cytosine, 5-demethylation of thymidine (uracil), 5-fluoro. Cytosine, 5-bromolation, 5-iodolation, N6-methylation of adenine, 8-bromolation, N2-methylation of guanine, 8-bromolation and the like.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be in the form of a salt, that is, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule.
- the salt include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt, potassium salt and lithium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt; aluminum salt, iron salt, zinc salt, copper salt and nickel salt.
- Metal salts such as cobalt salts; inorganic salts such as ammonium salts; t-octylamine salts, dibenzylamine salts, morpholinic salts, glucosamine salts, phenylglycine alkyl ester salts, ethylenediamine salts, N-methylglucamine salts, guanidine salts , Diethylamine salt, triethylamine salt, dicyclohexylamine salt, N, N'-dibenzylethylenediamine salt, chloroprocine salt, prokine salt, diethanolamine salt, N-benzyl-phenethylamine salt, piperazine salt, tetramethylammonium salt, tris (hydroxymethyl) )
- Organic salts such as aminomethane salts; halogen atomized hydrides such as hydrofluorates, hydrochlorides, hydrobromates, hydroiodide; nitrates, perchlorates, sulfates
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be in the form of a solvate such as hydrate.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be in the form of a prodrug.
- the prodrug include amides, esters, carbamates, carbonates, ureides, phosphates and the like.
- Single-stranded nucleic acid molecules can be synthesized using previously known methods and devices. For example, DNA according to the method described in the literature of Sinha et al. (ND Sinha et al., Nucleic Acids Research, 12, 4539 (1984); the entire description of the literature is incorporated herein by reference). Can be synthesized. In addition, RNA can be synthesized by incorporating the DNA synthesized in this manner into a vector and using this as a template by a transcription reaction using RNA polymerase such as T7 RNA Polymerase.
- RNA polymerase such as T7 RNA Polymerase.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be synthesized in vivo or in vitro, but since the product can be easily purified and a modified nucleotide can be used as the nucleotide to be used, the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be synthesized in vivo. It is preferable to synthesize with in vitro.
- nucleotide used when synthesizing the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule in vitro a commercially available nucleotide may be used, or a nucleotide synthesized from a commercially available nucleotide according to a method known so far may be used. May be good.
- various modified nucleotides are described in the literature of Bloommers et al. (Blommers et al., Biochemistry (1998), 37, 17714-17725.), The literature of Lessnik et al. (Lesnik, EA et al., Biochemistry (1993), Biochemistry (1993), 32,7832-7838.), Patent Documents (US6261840), Martin Documents (Martin, P.
- Patent Documents (WO99 / 14226), Patent Documents (WO99 / 14226), Patent Documents (WO99 / 14226), Patent Documents (WO99 / 14226) WO00 / 47599), Huynh et al. (Huynh Vu et al., Tetrahedron Letters, 32,3005-3008 (1991)), Radhakrishanan et al. (Radhaklishnan P. Iyer et Al.
- Patent Documents PCT / WO98 / 54198
- References Oligosaccharide Synthesis, Edited by MJ Gait, Oxford University Press, 1984
- Patent Documents Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-8798, etc. It can be manufactured according to the method described.
- all the descriptions of the above-mentioned documents mentioned here are incorporated herein by reference.
- the synthesized single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be purified using previously known methods and devices such as extraction, precipitation, electrophoresis, and chromatography using a solvent or resin.
- a contract manufacturing service using a contract manufacturing company such as Gene Design, Dharmacon, QIAGEN, or Sigma-Aldrich may be used.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is preferably RNA because it binds to mRNA which is a transcript of the target gene.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule When the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is RNA, it may be designed to be synthesized within the target to be applied. For example, a gene (DNA fragment) encoding the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule may be applied. It may be inserted into a vector suitable for. When such a vector is introduced into the application target and transcribed for the gene encoding the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule, the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is synthesized in the application target.
- Vectors that can be used for such purposes include, but are not limited to, viral vectors such as retrovirus, lentivirus, adenovirus, and adeno-associated virus (AAV).
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule can be used in vivo or in vitro.
- the target to which the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is applied in vivo is not particularly limited, and any individual organism such as an animal, a plant, or a microorganism may be used. Examples of the animal include mammals, and examples of mammals include humans, dogs, cats, cows, horses, pigs, sheep, and the like, and among these, humans are preferable.
- the target of application may be a healthy individual, but it may be an individual for which prevention or treatment of a hereditary disease is desired, such as an individual having a hereditary disease described later and an individual at risk thereof. preferable. Further, the application target may be an individual organism itself, or may be a part of an individual organism, and may be, for example, a cell, a tissue, an organ, or the like.
- single-stranded nucleic acid molecules in vitro can be used as a reagent, regardless of its purpose, such as experiments, research, or medical treatment.
- stem cells collected from a person suffering from a hereditary disease are modified so that a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is constantly synthesized, cultured, and then transplanted to a person suffering from a hereditary disease. can do.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule of one aspect of the present invention can be used for medical purposes such as regenerative medicine and cell therapy.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is preferably used together with a nucleic acid introduction aid so that it can be easily transferred into the cell to be applied.
- a nucleic acid introduction aid include, but are not limited to, lipofectamine, oligofectamine, liposomes, polyamines, DEAE dextran, calcium phosphate, dendrimers, lipid nanoparticles and the like.
- the amount of the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule used is not particularly limited as long as it induces a -1 frame shift when the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is applied.
- 0.001 nmol / examples include kg / day to 100 mmol / kg / day, and considering the excellent -1 frame shift inducing action and the cost of synthesizing a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule, 500 nmol / kg / day to 500 mmol / kg. It is preferably 40 nmol / kg / day to 500 ⁇ mol / kg / day, more preferably 40 nmol / kg / day.
- the method for evaluating the -1 frameshift-inducing effect of a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is not particularly limited, and for example, the amount of mRNA of the target gene and the target gene are encoded by the presence or absence of application of the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule. Examples thereof include a method of confirming an increase / decrease in the amount of protein to be produced or the amount of both of them. In addition, it may be confirmed by examining and / or examining that the disease of the person to whom the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule has been applied has been prevented or treated, or the symptoms have been alleviated.
- the degree of -1 frameshift-inducing action of the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is not particularly limited, and for example, the amount of mRNA and / or protein related to the target gene is compared with the case where the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is not used (control). It suffices as long as the amount of fluctuation (increase or decrease) is observed.
- compositions Single-stranded nucleic acid molecules are used in the form of compositions, either alone or in admixture with other components.
- Another aspect of the invention is a composition used to induce a -1 frameshift that comprises the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule of one aspect of the invention as an active ingredient.
- Specific embodiments of the composition include pharmaceutical compositions, food and drink compositions, quasi-drug compositions, cosmetic compositions, animal feed compositions and the like.
- the composition may be an oral preparation such as a tablet, a capsule, a granule, a powder, a syrup, or a parenteral preparation such as an injection, a suppository, a patch, or an external preparation.
- the other components are not particularly limited as long as the -1 frame shift is induced when the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is applied, and examples thereof include components used in the production of pharmaceuticals.
- Examines eg, sugar derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, grape sugar, mannitol, sorbitol; starch derivatives such as corn starch, bailesho starch, ⁇ -starch, dextrin; cellulose derivatives such as crystalline cellulose; Arabia Rubber; dextran; organic excipients such as pullulan; silicate derivatives such as light anhydrous silicic acid, synthetic aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium aluminometasilicate; phosphates such as calcium hydrogen phosphate; such as calcium carbonate Carbonate; inorganic excipients such as sulfate such as calcium sulfate), lubricants (eg, metal stearate such as stearic acid, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate; starch;
- binders eg, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, macrogol, compounds similar to the excipients, etc.
- disintegrants Cellulose derivatives such as, for example, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium, internally crosslinked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; chemically modified starch cellulose such as carboxymethyl starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- emulsifiers eg, colloidal clays such as bentonite, bee gum; metal hydroxides such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide; anionic surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate, calcium stearate; benza chloride Cationic surfactants such as luconium; nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, etc.), stabilizers (paraoxy such as methylparaben, propylparaben) Starch acid ester Classes; alcohols such as chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol; benzalkonium chloride; phenols, phenols such as cresol; thimerosal; dehydroacetic acid; sorbic acid, etc.), flavoring agents (eg, commonly used). Sweeteners, acidulants, fragrances, etc.), diluents, etc.
- the composition may be supplied in a solution state.
- the composition is preferably stored under refrigerated conditions, frozen conditions, or lyophilized.
- the lyophilized composition may be dissolved in a solution (distilled water for injection or the like) at the time of use and returned to a solution state before use.
- the amount of the composition applied is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits a -1 frameshift-inducing effect, but for example, when applied to an adult (60 kg), it is about 0.1 mg / day to 10,000 mg / day. Yes, preferably 1 mg / day to 1,000 mg / day.
- the composition of one aspect of the present invention can be applied once a day or divided into a plurality of times. If it is desired to continuously express the -1 frameshift-inducing action of the composition of one aspect of the present invention, the composition of one aspect of the present invention may be applied for several days to several weeks to several months to several years. It is preferably applied continuously or intermittently.
- composition of one aspect of the present invention are appropriately determined depending on the type of the individual organism to be applied, the type and degree of the disease or symptom that the individual organism has or is at risk of, the age, the administration method, and the like. Can be changed.
- the composition of one aspect of the invention is to prevent and / or treat various hereditary diseases by inducing a -1 frameshift to increase or decrease the expression of a gene of interest. Can be done.
- the composition of one aspect of the invention normalizes the expression of a gene containing the target sequence, preferably by inducing a -1 frameshift, to prevent and / or prevent hereditary diseases caused by abnormal expression of the gene. Alternatively, it is a pharmaceutical composition for treatment.
- Hereditary diseases are not particularly limited, but for example, muscular dystrophy, cancer, multiple sclerosis, spinal muscle atrophy, Let syndrome, muscular atrophic lateral sclerosis, fragile X syndrome, Prader Willy syndrome, pigmented dry skin.
- an organism having or at risk of having a hereditary disease caused by abnormal expression of a gene of interest by administering an effective amount of the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule and composition according to one aspect of the present invention.
- a hereditary disease can be treated and / or prevented for an individual.
- gene expression is performed in cells, tissues, organs or organisms in which abnormal expression of the target gene is observed. It is possible to improve the abnormality.
- hereditary diseases in hereditary diseases caused by out-of-frame mutations in genes, exons with out-of-frame mutations are not partially or wholly expressed due to the shift of the exon reading frame. As a result, NMD often occurs and the expression level of the gene decreases. In such a case, if the composition of one aspect of the present invention is used, a -1 frame shift is induced to correct the deviation of the exon reading frame of the gene to generate an in-frame mutation, and an out-of-frame mutation is generated. The mutated exons can be partially or wholly expressed, resulting in reduced effects of NMD and increased gene expression. Examples of hereditary diseases caused by a decrease in the expression level of such genes include muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, xeroderma pigmentosum, ⁇ -thalassemia, and colorectal cancer.
- a mutant gene that was not originally expressed or whose expression level was low may be expressed, and as a result, a hereditary disease may occur.
- a -1 frame shift is induced to shift the reading frame of the exon of the gene to generate an out-of-frame mutation, and the exon is partially produced.
- NMD can be totally absent and, as a result, NMD can be induced to reduce the expression level of harmful mutant genes.
- Hereditary diseases caused by the synthesis of abnormal proteins due to the expression of such mutant genes include cancer, advanced ossifying fibrodysplasia, familial Alzheimer's disease, and familial amyloid poly. Frequently dominant hereditary diseases such as neuropathy and Huntington's disease can be mentioned.
- the dystrophin gene is a gene consisting of 79 exons.
- the dystrophin gene of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients with an out-of-frame mutation lacks any exon or multiple exons of exons 45 to 55 (exons 45 to 55).
- this deleted 6 exon consists of 871 bases and is a multiple of 3 bases + 1 base
- the sense strand is in a state where 2 bases are insufficient for in-frame formation. That is, when a 1-base deletion occurs, the frame shifts to +1 backward (3'direction) because 2 bases are insufficient for 3 bases. To eliminate this, the frame must be shifted to -1 (5'direction) or shifted to +2 and back in the 3'direction to be a multiple of 3. This is illustrated in Scheme (IV).
- scheme (IV) it is considered that -1 frameshift occurs and ribosome slipping occurs by using the composition of one aspect of the present invention with the underlined portion as the target sequence. Be done. That is, a -1 frameshift results in a sense codon GCU after the last sense codon (AAG) of exon 44, after which a triplet codon is formed. As a result, the second sense codon (CCU) of exon 51 encodes the same amino acid as the mRNA of the normal dystrophin gene.
- the mRNA of the mutant dystrophin gene with a -1 frameshift is the mRNA of the normal dystrophin gene between the last base of exon 50 and the two bases at the tip of exon 51.
- alanine corresponding to the sense codon (GCU) generated by a -1 frameshift is added.
- the amino acid sequence of the mutant dystrophin protein expressed by the mutant dystrophin gene is the amino acid encoded by exon 45-exon 50 and the last of exon 50. Only the amino acid (serine ⁇ alanine) corresponding to the sense codon formed by the base and the two bases at the tip of the exon 51 is different, and the rest has the same amino acid sequence as that of the normal dystrophin protein. Therefore, using the composition of one aspect of the present invention, a mutant dystrophin protein having an amino acid sequence different from that of a normal dystrophin protein by only one amino acid can be obtained except for the deletion portion of exon.
- the amino acid sequence of the expression product of an oncogene such as the c-myc gene can be changed or the expression of the oncogene can be reduced, it is expected that the progression of the cancer will be stagnant or alleviated. Therefore, targeting mRNA, which is a transcript of an oncogene, and inducing a -1 frame shift using the composition of one embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the expression product of the oncogene is changed to reduce the activity. , Oncogene expression products can be prevented and / or treated by reducing the expression level of the expression product.
- the c-myc gene is also used in the production of so-called "induced pluripotent stem cells" (iPS cells).
- composition of one aspect of the present invention targeting the c-myc gene used in producing iPS cells at the same time as or at the same time as the introduction and expression of the c-myc gene, iPS cells can be used. While producing, it is expected to prevent iPS cells from becoming cancerous.
- the method for producing the composition according to one aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, a method in which a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule as an active ingredient is optionally mixed with another component and molded into a desired dosage form is used. Can be mentioned.
- the packaging form of the composition of one aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the applicable form and dosage form, and for example, a glass container such as a vial or an ampoule; a metal such as glass or aluminum, or a coating. Examples thereof include vials, ampoules, bottles, cans, pouches, blister packs, strips, and one-layer or laminated film bags made of plastic such as paper and PET.
- composition of one aspect of the present invention when applied to a DMD patient, it can be carried out as follows. That is, a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule as an active ingredient is produced by a method known so far, and this is sterilized by a conventional method to prepare, for example, 1 ml of an injection containing the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule. This injection is intravenously administered by infusion so that the dose of the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule is 0.1 mg to 100 mg per 1 kg of body weight.
- Administration is repeated several times, for example, at intervals of 1 to 2 weeks, and thereafter, medical examination; imaging of X-ray, CT, MRI, etc.; observation with an endoscope, laparoscope, etc.; Repeat administration as appropriate while confirming the enhancing effect.
- test cell line pEGFP-Tub vector (CLONTECH Laboratories; 6.0 kb) was used in 143 Btk-osteosarcoma cells cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FCS, and transfection reagent “Lipofectamine 2000” (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used. Transfected. By selecting a drug using G418 sulfate (Cosmo Bio Co., Ltd.), 143 Btk-bone in which EGFP fluorescent protein (Human ⁇ -Tubulin protein) fused with human ⁇ -Tubulin protein at the C-terminal is highly expressed in a stable manner. A clone of sarcoma cells was selected as a test cell line.
- the coding region (CDS) of EGFP-Human ⁇ -Tubulin is shown in FIG.
- the EGFP gene (SEQ ID NO: 7) is linked to the Human ⁇ -Tubulin gene (SEQ ID NO: 9) via a linker (5'-TCCGACTCAGATCTCGA-3'; SEQ ID NO: 8).
- the molecular design was designed based on the position of the target sequence (Target sequence). Specifically, a dozen or so bases of the target sequence were designed after the 2 bases corresponding to the bottom of the Axis of the stem loop with a spacer base of 6 bases sandwiched from the position of the last original codon that causes slipping.
- the target sequence shall have sufficient binding to the frameshift nucleic acid molecule, which inhibits the progression of the migrating ribosome and dynamically causes one-base slipping in the anterior sequence, and is -1 directional. After inducing the slipping of the base, translation was resumed, and the binding was loose enough to pull the frameshift molecule from the mRNA.
- the target sequence is preferably a dozen or so bases, and the length is such that the portion that binds to the target sequence binds to and interacts with other parts of the frame shift nucleic acid molecule so as not to disrupt the stem-loop structure.
- the target sequence was set to a length of about 10 to 13 bases, and the chain length was adjusted while confirming that the basic structure of the stem loop was not disrupted by CentroidFold, which is a secondary structure prediction program for RNA. It was designed as the most structurally stable nucleic acid molecule for frame shifting. As a result, it was speculated that the frameshift nucleic acid molecule with respect to the target sequence had a more stable molecular structure.
- the designed frame-shifting nucleic acid molecule causes a frame-shifting of -1 near the target sequence, so that PTC is generated near the boundary between the EGFP gene sequence and the human ⁇ -Tubulin gene sequence, resulting in 143 Btk-bone.
- Only the EGFP fluorescent protein that has lost the ⁇ -Tubulin protein is expressed in the sarcoma cells.
- NMD Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay: nonsense
- nonsense is an intracellular mRNA quality control system
- Stem38egfp (CG) (SEQ ID NO: 1) was designed as a frameshift nucleic acid molecule for the target sequence.
- acGFP2 (SEQ ID NO: 6), which is similar in sequence and structure to Stem38egfp (CG) and does not target the EGFP gene.
- the structures of Stem38egfp (CG) and acGFP2 are shown in Schemes (V) and (VI), respectively.
- Each nucleic acid molecule was prepared to 100 ⁇ M using a TE buffer to prepare a nucleic acid molecule solution.
- the test group using only Opti-MEM without adding each nucleic acid molecule and the transfection reagent was defined as an untreated (Unt) group; Opti with only the transfection reagent added without adding each nucleic acid molecule.
- -The test group using MEM is the Mock group; the test group using the molecule "Stem39egfp (GC)" that targets the target sequence is the P group; and "acGFP2" that does not target the EGFP gene is used.
- Five test groups were prepared by using the test group as the NC (Negative Control) group. In the P group and the NC group, the final concentration of each nucleic acid molecule in Opti-MEM was set to 40 nM.
- Induction evaluation of frameshift Figure 2 shows the results of observing the cells of each test group with a fluorescence microscope.
- FIG. 2 in the Unt group, Mock group and NC group, fluorescence due to the orientation of the human ⁇ -Tubulin protein fusion EGFP protein along the cytoskeleton was confirmed in the cytoplasm excluding the nucleus in the cell. ..
- the P group weak fluorescence that diffused and smeared was confirmed in the cells.
- the nucleic acid molecule Stem38egfp (CG) used in the P group induced a -1 frame shift; this changed the reading frame and was a scaffold protein from the EGFP-human ⁇ -Tubulin fusion protein.
- Human ⁇ -Tubulin deficient and unoriented EGFP protein diffused randomly into the cell; weak fluorescence caused the expressed EGFP protein to shift ORF from the normal amino acid sequence. It was found that the amino acid sequence was changed from the part, and the protein had an amino acid sequence that weakened the fluorescence as a whole.
- Example 2. -1 frameshift evaluation of ORF of DHFR gene
- 1. Summary of Evaluation Using a DNA fragment containing two dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) genes, an in vitro cell-free translation system was used to verify a -1 frameshift of ORF.
- DHFR dihydrofolate reductase
- the CDS of the DHFR gene (SEQ ID NO: 10) derived from Escherichia coli is shown in FIG.
- the first DNA fragment, DHFR contains a T7 promoter and a ribosome binding site (SD sequence) located upstream of the start codon (ATG) of the DHFR gene.
- SD sequence ribosome binding site located upstream of the start codon (ATG) of the DHFR gene.
- the second DNA fragment, DHFR-His uses the first DNA fragment as a template and is a forward primer "Primer DHFR-His_Fw" (sequence) that is complementary to a part of the sequence upstream of the T7 promoter and a part of the T7 promoter sequence.
- the nucleotide sequence of the reverse primer is shown in FIG. 4A.
- Primer DHFR-His_Rv has an array configuration such that a His tag is generated by a -1 frame shift.
- translation proceeds to the stop codons (TAA, TAG) on the 3'side of the reverse primer, and a protein containing no histidine (His) tag is obtained.
- TAA stop codons
- His histidine
- FIG. 4B shows the amino acid sequence of the DHFR protein (SEQ ID NO: 13) and the amino acid sequence of the DHFR-His protein (SEQ ID NO: 14).
- FIG. 3 shows the position (Target sequence) of the target sequence on the DHFR gene.
- DHFR-His was obtained by performing PCR using DHFR-His_Fw and DHFR-His_Rv as a template according to a conventional method and purifying the obtained PCR product.
- Table 1 shows the composition of the reaction solution of the kit used.
- sample solution the one shown in Table 2 was used.
- Distilled water (ddH 2 O) was used as a sample solution for the Negative Control (NC) (test group 1).
- a solution containing DHFR having the full length of the DHFR gene was used as a sample solution (test group 2).
- a solution containing both the frameshift nucleic acid molecules Stem39dhfr (GC) and DHFR was used as a sample solution (test group 3).
- a solution containing Stem39dhfr (GC) as a sample solution and both a part of the DHFR gene and DHFR-His designed to have a His tag by -1 frameshift was used ( Test group 4).
- PN Positive Negative Control
- a solution containing only DHFR-His was used as a sample solution (Test Group No. 5).
- GC Stem39dhfr
- DHFR and DHFR-His were prepared so that the amounts in the reaction solution (20 ⁇ l) were 20 ⁇ g and 60 ⁇ g, respectively.
- Each reaction solution was placed in a tube for a thermal cycler and subjected to a protein synthesis reaction using a thermal cycler at 37 ° C. for 4 hours.
- solution A was prepared by adding 275 ⁇ L of xTractor buffer attached to the His- tag fusion protein purification kit “Capturem TM His-tagged Preparation Miniprep Kit” (Clontech) to 20 ⁇ L of the reacted solutions of test groups 4 and 5. bottom.
- the prepared solution A was added to an equilibrated His-tag fusion protein adsorption column. Equilibration of the column was carried out by adding xTractor buffer and centrifuging at 9,800 g for 1 minute and 45 seconds.
- the entire amount (45 ⁇ L) of the recovered concentrated protein sample was applied to each well of a polyacrylamide gel for protein electrophoresis "10-20% Criterion TM TGX TM Precast Gel” (Bio-Rad). Similarly, the entire amount of heat-modified protein samples from test groups 1-3 were applied to each well. The gel to which each protein sample was applied was subjected to an electrophoresis treatment at 200 V for 50 minutes. Table 3 shows the arrangement of the protein samples applied to each well. As the molecular weight marker (M), "Precision Plus Protein Dual Extra Standard" (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.; product number 16137) was used.
- M molecular weight marker
- the gel after electrophoresis was stained with the Kumashi chromoprotein gel staining reagent "Simply Blue Safe Stein” (Thermo Fisher Scientific) to visualize the band.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C are shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C.
- FIG. 5A is a photograph of the entire gel after staining.
- FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of the portion of FIG. 5A where the His-tagged DHFR proteins of TEST2 Elution 1 and Elution 2 appeared.
- FIG. 5C is an enlarged view of the portion of FIG. 5A where the DHFR protein and the DHFR protein fragment of NC, PC and TEST1 appeared.
- a band of His tag fusion protein was observed in Lane6 (TEST2 Elution1) and Lane7 (TEST2 Elution2) by the reaction solution (TEST2) to which DHFR-His and the nucleic acid molecule for frameshift Stem39dhfr (GC) were added. In particular, a clear band was observed in Lane6.
- the His tag fusion protein was synthesized in Lane 11 (PN Elution 1) and Lane 12 (PN Extension 2) using a reaction solution (PN) in which only DHFR-His was added and the frameshift nucleic acid molecule Stem39dhfr (GC) was not added. No band was found at the position where it would have appeared if it had been.
- the frameshift nucleic acid molecule Stem39dhfr (GC) molecule caused a -1 frameshift of ORF, and a stop codon that did not exist in the original DHFR gene sequence, that is, PTC, appeared, and the translation was intermediate. It was proven to have stopped.
- DMD Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- HGNC ID HGNC: 2928, Chromosomal location: Xp21.2-p21.1 having 79 exons, and mRNA having PTC.
- the dystrophin protein is not synthesized and develops because it is degraded. Therefore, if a frameshift nucleic acid molecule can be used to artificially induce a -1 frameshift of ORF in living cells derived from a patient with a genetic disease such as DMD, comparison will be made so that NMD is avoided and degraded. It is possible to synthesize a long-term dystrophin protein.
- a frameshift nucleic acid molecule that is a therapeutic molecule designed to target dystrophin mRNA in fibroblasts derived from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy lacking exons 45 to 50.
- GM05118 a fibroblast derived from a healthy subject, has a normal dystrophin gene.
- GM03429 and GM05118 were obtained from the Corriell Institute for Medical Research.
- the mutant dystrophin gene lacks exon 45 to exon 50, so that the 3'end of exon 44 (AAG) and the 5'end of exon 51 (CTC) are directly connected. It is a concatenated sequence. A breakpoint was set between the AAG and CTC at both ends.
- Position1, Position2, and Position3 are set as three types of target sequences near the breakpoint between exon 44 and exon 51 of the mutant dystrophin gene, and the frameshift nucleic acid molecule "P1Stem38dmd45-50 (GC)" is set for each of them.
- ) (SEQ ID NO: 3),“ P2Stem39dmd45-50 (CG) ”(SEQ ID NO: 4) and“ P3Stem39dmd45-50 (CG) ”(SEQ ID NO: 5) were designed and produced.
- the designed frameshift nucleic acid molecule was calculated by "CentroidFold” and its stability was confirmed.
- the target sequences of Position 1, Position 2 and Position 3 are shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C.
- the structures of P1Stem38dmd45-50 (GC), P2Stem39dmd45-50 (CG) and P3Stem39dmd45-50 (CG) are shown in Schemes (VIII) to (X), respectively.
- Cell culture test cell lines (GM03429 and GM05118) were subcultured in DMEM supplemented with 15% FCS and Antibiotic Antimycotic under the conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 in a 6-well plate. After culturing, each cell was collected.
- the cells in each of the collected wells were lysed using the cDNA synthesis kit "SuperScript TM III CellsDirect cDNA Synthesis System” (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and the total RNA in the obtained lysate was reverse-transcribed.
- the reaction produced cDNA.
- Quantification of dystrophin mRNA by qPCR The quantification of dystrophin mRNA is performed by real-time PCR "TaqMan (registered trademark) Gene Expression Master Mix” and “TaqMan (registered trademark) Gene Expression Assay” (both by Thermo Fisher System). Using “Thermal Cycler Dice Real Time System II", qPCR was performed by the ⁇ CT method. For the endogenous control, the GAPDH gene was used, and the expression level of dystrophin mRNA was calculated as a relative amount with respect to the expression level.
- Induction evaluation of frameshift Figure 7 shows a graph of the relative amount of dystrophin mRNA expression level to the mRNA expression level of GAPDH for each test group.
- the expression level of dystrophin gene mRNA in the untreated group was lower than that in the WT group using normal fibroblasts. Similarly, the expression level was very low in the Mock group in which only the transfection reagent was added to the medium. In these test groups, it is suggested that the dystrophin mRNA that resulted in PTC due to the exon deletion was captured by the mRNA quality control mechanism and degraded by NMD.
- Increased dystrophin mRNA expression was also observed in DMD patient-derived fibroblasts into which nucleic acid molecules were introduced. From these results, it is considered that NMD was avoided by in-frame the out-of-frame of the ORF when the frameshift nucleic acid molecule binds to and acts on the mRNA and the ORF is translated by the ribosome.
- dystrophin mRNA was maintained without degradation by avoiding NMD by using a frameshift nucleic acid molecule.
- very low expression levels of dystrophin gene mRNA are now expressed by frameshift nucleic acid molecules in DMD patient-derived fibroblasts. And this event is directly linked to the usefulness of frameshift nucleic acid molecules in the treatment of DMD.
- a frameshift nucleic acid molecule artificially designed to induce a -1 frameshift with respect to DMD caused by degradation of dystrophin mRNA and almost no production of dystrophin protein is DMD, that is, Duchenne. It can be an effective treatment for muscular dystrophy.
- NMD is activated by shifting the ORF of the mRNA of the target gene functioning in the cell by -1 frame to generate an incorrect translation, and by intentionally generating PTC on the mRNA.
- the expression of mRNA is reduced, the functional gene product is converted into a fragmented gene product with lost function (truncated protein), and as a result, the target in the cell is used. It is possible to nullify the function of a gene.
- Nucleic acid molecules for frame shifting that can be designed for various genes in this way can be used for cancer treatment and proteins that are harmful to the living body, for example, by invalidating the functions of genes that are specifically expressed in cancer cells. It can also be used to treat dominant genetic diseases caused by expression.
- sequences listed in the sequence listing are: [SEQ ID NO: 1] Stem38egfp (CG) CGCUGCCGUCCCCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGG [SEQ ID NO: 2] Stem39dhfr (GC) CCGAUUGAUUCCGCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGC [SEQ ID NO: 3] P1Stem38dmd45-50 (GC) GUAACAGUCUGGCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGC [SEQ ID NO: 4] P2Stem39dmd45-50 (CG) CUGAGUAGGAGCCCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGG [SEQ ID NO: 5] P3Stem39dmd45-50 (CG) UACCAUUUGUAUGCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGC [SEQ ID NO: 6] acGFP2 CGAUGCCGGUGCCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGG [SEQ ID NO: 7]
- the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule and composition of one aspect of the present invention are used to normalize gene expression through induction of a -1 frame shift to prevent and / or treat hereditary diseases caused by genetic abnormalities. It is available.
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Abstract
Description
[1]5’末端側から3’末端側への方向に、対象となる遺伝子の標的配列に相補的な第1の配列と、ステムループ構造を形成する第2の配列とを含む1本鎖核酸分子。
[2]前記ステムループ構造のステム部分の末端は、シトシン及びグアニンである、[1]に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
[3]前記ステムループ構造は、ループ部分が主としてシトシンからなるステムループ構造である、[1]~[2]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
[4]前記ステムループ構造は、ステム部分が4塩基対~20塩基対のステムループ構造である、[1]~[3]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
[5]前記第2の配列は、配列番号17又は配列番号18に記載の配列である、[1]~[4]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
[6]前記第1の配列は、8塩基長~16塩基長の配列である、[1]~[5]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
[7]前記遺伝子は、前記標的配列の上流9塩基~上流15塩基において同一の塩基が2個以上連続する、[1]~[6]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
[8]前記遺伝子は、前記標的配列の上流9塩基~上流15塩基において同一の塩基が2個以上連続している部分が2箇所以上ある、[1]~[6]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
[9][1]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子を有効成分として含む、-1フレームシフト誘導用組成物。
[10]前記組成物は、-1フレームシフトを誘導することにより、前記遺伝子の発現を正常化して、該遺伝子の発現異常により発症する遺伝性疾患を予防及び/又は治療するための医薬品用組成物である、[9]に記載の組成物。
[11]前記遺伝性疾患は、筋ジストロフィー、癌、多発性硬化症、脊髄性筋萎縮症、レット症候群、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、脆弱X症候群、プラダー・ウィリー症候群、色素性乾皮症、ポルフィリン症、ウェルナー症候群、進行性骨化性線維異形成症、乳児神経セロイドリポフスチン沈着症、アルツハイマー病、テイ-サックス病、神経組織変性、パーキンソン病、慢性関節リウマチ、対宿主性移植片病、関節炎、血友病、フォンヴィレブラント病、毛細管拡張性運動失調、サラセミア、腎結石、骨形成不全、肝硬変、神経繊維腫症、水疱性疾患、ライソゾーム性蓄積症、ハーラー疾患、小脳運動失調、結節性硬化症、家族性赤血球増加症、免疫不全、腎臓病、肺疾患、嚢胞性線維症、家族性高コレステロール血症、色素性網膜症、アミロイドーシス、アテローム性動脈硬化症、巨人症、小人症、甲状腺機能低下症、甲状腺機能亢進症、老化、肥満、糖尿病、ニーマン-ピック病、及びマルファン症候群からなる群から選ばれる遺伝性疾患である、[10]に記載の組成物。
[12][1]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子又は[9]に記載の組成物を、対象となる遺伝子の発現異常により発症する遺伝性疾患を有する、又はその危険性がある生物個体に投与することを含む、遺伝性疾患を治療及び/又は予防する方法。
[13][1]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子又は[9]に記載の組成物の有効量を、対象となる遺伝子の発現異常が認められる細胞、組織、臓器又は生物個体に投与することを含む、遺伝子の発現異常を改善する方法。
[14]前記遺伝性疾患は、筋ジストロフィー、癌、多発性硬化症、脊髄性筋萎縮症、レット症候群、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、脆弱X症候群、プラダー・ウィリー症候群、色素性乾皮症、ポルフィリン症、ウェルナー症候群、進行性骨化性線維異形成症、乳児神経セロイドリポフスチン沈着症、アルツハイマー病、テイ-サックス病、神経組織変性、パーキンソン病、慢性関節リウマチ、対宿主性移植片病、関節炎、血友病、フォンヴィレブラント病、毛細管拡張性運動失調、サラセミア、腎結石、骨形成不全、肝硬変、神経繊維腫症、水疱性疾患、ライソゾーム性蓄積症、ハーラー疾患、小脳運動失調、結節性硬化症、家族性赤血球増加症、免疫不全、腎臓病、肺疾患、嚢胞性線維症、家族性高コレステロール血症、色素性網膜症、アミロイドーシス、アテローム性動脈硬化症、巨人症、小人症、甲状腺機能低下症、甲状腺機能亢進症、老化、肥満、糖尿病、ニーマン-ピック病、及びマルファン症候群からなる群から選ばれる遺伝性疾患である、[12]又は[13]に記載の方法。
「有効成分」は、組成物の用途を特徴付ける成分を意味する。
「及び/又は」との用語は、列記した複数の関連項目のいずれか1つ、又は2つ以上の任意の組み合わせ若しくは全ての組み合わせを意味する。
「含有量」は、濃度及び添加量と同義であり、組成物の全体量に対する成分の量の割合を意味する。ただし、成分の含有量の総量は、100%を超えることはない。「有効量」は、有効成分又は組成物が有する作用が発現する量を意味する。
数値範囲の「~」は、その前後の数値を含む範囲であり、例えば、「0%~100%」は、0%以上であり、かつ、100%以下である範囲を意味する。「超過」及び「未満」は、その前の数値を含まずに、それぞれ下限及び上限を意味し、例えば、「1超過」は1より大きい数値であり、「100未満」は100より小さい数値を意味する。
「含む」は、含まれるものとして明示されている要素以外の要素を付加できることを意味する(「少なくとも含む」と同義である)が、「からなる」及び「から本質的になる」を包含する。すなわち、「含む」は、明示されている要素及び任意の1種若しくは2種以上の要素を含み、明示されている要素からなり、又は明示されている要素から本質的になることを意味し得る。要素としては、成分、工程、条件、パラメーターなどの制限事項などが挙げられる。
「相補的塩基対」又は単なる「塩基対」は、ワトソン・クリック型塩基対及びゆらぎ塩基対を意味し、アデニン(A)とチミン(T)又はウラシル(U)との組合せ及びグアニン(G)とシトシン(C)との組合せ、並びにグアニン(G)とウラシル(U)との組合せを意味する。なお、本明細書では、アデニン、チミン、ウラシル、グアニン及びシトシンを、並びにこれらをそれぞれ表すA、T、U、G及びCを、「塩基」又は「ヌクレオチド」とよぶ。本明細書では、「塩基」と「ヌクレオチド」とは互いに代替可能な用語として扱う。
「ステム部分の末端」は、ステム部分が有する2個の末端のうち、ループ部分を形成する配列に結合していない末端の配列をいう。
「1本鎖核酸分子」は、他の核酸分子と相補的塩基対を形成していない、1個の核酸分子を意味する。1本鎖核酸分子は、分子内の配列どうしが相補的塩基対を形成してなるステム部分を有してもよい。
「発現」は、遺伝子からのmRNAの合成(転写)、mRNAからのタンパク質の合成(翻訳)又はその両方を意味する。
配列に関する「上流」は、ヌクレオチド配列については5’側を意味し、アミノ酸配列についてはN末端側を意味する。配列に関する「下流」は、ヌクレオチド配列については3’側を意味し、アミノ酸配列についてはC末端側を意味する。
本発明の一態様の1本鎖核酸分子は、5’末端側から3’末端側への方向に、対象となる遺伝子の標的配列に相補的な第1の配列と、ステムループ構造を形成する第2の配列とを含む。
1本鎖核酸分子は、単独で、又はその他の成分と混合して組成物の形態で用いられる。本発明の別の態様は、本発明の一態様の1本鎖核酸分子を有効成分として含む、-1フレームシフトを誘導するために用いられる組成物である。組成物の具体的な態様は、医薬品用組成物、飲食品用組成物、医薬部外品用組成物、化粧品用組成物、動物飼料用組成物などが挙げられる。組成物は、錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、散剤、シロップ剤などの経口製剤;注射剤、坐剤、貼付剤、外用剤などの非経口製剤などの製剤であり得る。
1.評価の概要
人工的に作製した核酸分子を使用して、143Btk-骨肉腫細胞に導入したpEGFP-TubベクターにおけるEGFP-Human α-TubulinのORF(Open Reading Frame)を-1だけ人為的にフレームシフトさせた。上記核酸分子のターゲット配列の近傍にてORFが-1フレームシフトすることにより、EGFP蛍光タンパク質のアミノ酸配列を途中から変えて、更にEGFP遺伝子配列とα-Tubulin遺伝子配列との連結部分の境界に最初の終止コドン(TGA)として、早期終止コドン(Premature Termination Codon:PTC)を発生させた。
10%FCS添加DMEMで培養した143Btk-骨肉腫細胞に、pEGFP-Tubベクター(CLONTECH Laboratories社;6.0kb)を、トランスフェクション試薬「Lipofectamine2000」(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)を用いてトランスフェクションした。G418硫酸塩(コスモ・バイオ社)を用いて薬剤選択することにより、C末端にヒトα-Tubulinタンパク質が融合したEGFP蛍光タンパク質(Human α-Tubulinタンパク質)がステイブルに高発現している143Btk-骨肉腫細胞のクローンを試験細胞株として選抜した。
-1フレームシフトを引き起こす核酸分子について、本明細書に記載の諸条件に基づいて、該核酸分子の数種類を分子設計した。反応液におけるコンフォメーションを、RNA 2次構造予測プログラム「CentroidFold」(入手先:https://github.com/satoken/centroid-rna-package)にてシュミレーションし、安定性の高いものをカスタム合成した。
6ウェルプレートの各ウェルに、試験細胞株を播いた後、37℃、5%CO2条件下で、2日間培養した。コンフルエンシー80%に達した後、各ウェルの培地を、各核酸分子及びトランスフェクション試薬(「Lipofectamine2000」)を混合して添加したOpti-MEM(登録商標)(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)に置換した。このOpti-MEMで細胞を6時間のトランスフェクション処理に供した後、6ウェルプレートを37℃、5%CO2条件下で、48時間インキュベートする薬剤処理に供した後、アッセイに供した。
各試験群の細胞について、蛍光顕微鏡により観察した結果を図2に示す。図2に示すとおり、Unt群、Mock群及びNC群においては、細胞内において、核を除く細胞質にて、ヒトα-Tubulinタンパク質融合EGFPタンパク質が細胞骨格に沿って配向したことによる蛍光を確認した。それに対して、P群では、細胞内において、拡散して滲んだような弱い蛍光を確認した。
1.評価の概要
2種類のジヒドロ葉酸レダクターゼ(DHFR)遺伝子を含むDNA断片を用いて、in vitro無細胞翻訳系により、ORFの-1フレームシフトを検証した。
ターゲット配列の設定は、容易に-1のslippageを起こすと予測された場所の近傍を選択した。図3にDHFR遺伝子上のターゲット配列の位置(Target sequence)を示す。
in vitro無細胞翻訳キットとして、「PUREfrex(登録商標)2.0」(コスモ・バイオ社)を用いた。DHFRは、キットに付属する「DHFR DNA」を用いた。DHFR-Hisは、DHFRを鋳型として、DHFR-His_Fw及びDHFR-His_Rvを用いて、常法に従ってPCRを実施し、得られたPCR産物を精製することにより得られた。
ゲル染色後の結果を図5A~図5Cに示す。図5Aは、染色後のゲル全体を撮影した図である。図5Bは、図5Aのうち、TEST2 Elution1及びElution2のHisタグ化DHFRタンパク質が現れた箇所を拡大した図である。図5Cは、図5Aのうち、NC、PC及びTEST1のDHFRタンパク質及びDHFRタンパク質断片が現れた箇所を拡大した図である。
1.評価の概要
エクソンなどを欠失したことによりORFがずれ、アウトオブフレームになったmRNAのORFの途中にPTC(早期終止コドン)が発生することで、mRNAの品質管理システムであるNMD(Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay:ナンセンス変異依存mRNA分解機構)が誘導され、PTCを有するmRNAが積極的に分解される。
DMD患者由来の線維芽細胞であるGM03429は、ジストロフィン遺伝子のエクソン45からエクソン50までの6エクソン(871塩基=290×3+1塩基)を欠失した変異ジストロフィン遺伝子を有する。健常者由来の線維芽細胞であるGM05118は、正常なジストロフィン遺伝子を有する。GM03429及びGM05118は、Coriell Institute for Medical Researchから入手した。
変異ジストロフィン遺伝子は、エクソン45~エクソン50を欠失していることにより、エクソン44の3’末端(AAG)とエクソン51の5’末端(CTC)とが直接的に連結した配列となっている。この両末端のAAGとCTCとの間をブレイクポイント(Breakpoint)とした。
試験細胞株(GM03429及びGM05118)は、15%FCS及びAntibiotic Antimycoticを添加したDMEMにて、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で、6ウェルプレートにて継代培養した。培養後、それぞれの細胞を回収した。
回収した試験細胞株を、96ウェルプレートの各ウェルに播いた後、37℃、5%CO2条件下で、2日間培養した。コンフルエンシー90%を確認後、各ウェルの培地を、各核酸分子及びトランスフェクション試薬(「Lipofectamine2000」)を混合して添加したOpti-MEM(登録商標)(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)に置換した。6時間後、通常のDMEMに交換し、トランスフェクション処理後、96ウェルプレートを37℃、5%CO2条件下で、48時間の薬剤処理に供した。
ジストロフィンmRNAの定量は、リアルタイムPCR「TaqMan(登録商標) Gene Expression Master Mix」及び「TaqMan(登録商標) Gene Expression Assay」(ともにThermo Fisher Scientific社)及びリアルタイムPCR装置「TaKaRa PCR Thermal Cycler Dice Real Time System II」を使用して、ΔΔCT法によりqPCRを行なった。内在性コントロールはGAPDH遺伝子を使用して、その発現量に対するジストロフィンmRNAの発現量を相対量として算出した。
各試験群について、GAPDHのmRNA発現量に対するジストロフィンmRNA発現レベルの相対量をグラフ化したものを図7に示す。
[配列番号1]Stem38egfp(CG)
CGCUGCCGUCCCCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGG
[配列番号2]Stem39dhfr(GC)
CCGAUUGAUUCCGCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGC
[配列番号3]P1Stem38dmd45-50(GC)
GUAACAGUCUGGCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGC
[配列番号4]P2Stem39dmd45-50(CG)
CUGAGUAGGAGCCCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGG
[配列番号5]P3Stem39dmd45-50(CG)
UACCAUUUGUAUGCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGC
[配列番号6]acGFP2
CGAUGCCGGUGCCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGG
[配列番号7]EGFP遺伝子
ATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCGGGGTGGTGCCCATCCTGGTCGAGCTGGACGGCGACGTAAACGGCCACAAGTTCAGCGTGTCCGGCGAGGGCGAGGGCGATGCCACCTACGGCAAGCTGACCCTGAAGTTCATCTGCACCACCGGCAAGCTGCCCGTGCCCTGGCCCACCCTCGTGACCACCCTGACCTACGGCGTGCAGTGCTTCAGCCGCTACCCCGACCACATGAAGCAGCACGACTTCTTCAAGTCCGCCATGCCCGAAGGCTACGTCCAGGAGCGCACCATCTTCTTCAAGGACGACGGCAACTACAAGACCCGCGCCGAGGTGAAGTTCGAGGGCGACACCCTGGTGAACCGCATCGAGCTGAAGGGCATCGACTTCAAGGAGGACGGCAACATCCTGGGGCACAAGCTGGAGTACAACTACAACAGCCACAACGTCTATATCATGGCCGACAAGCAGAAGAACGGCATCAAGGTGAACTTCAAGATCCGCCACAACATCGAGGACGGCAGCGTGCAGCTCGCCGACCACTACCAGCAGAACACCCCCATCGGCGACGGCCCCGTGCTGCTGCCCGACAACCACTACCTGAGCACCCAGTCCGCCCTGAGCAAAGACCCCAACGAGAAGCGCGATCACATGGTCCTGCTGGAGTTCGTGACCGCCGCCGGGATCACTCTCGGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG
[配列番号8]リンカー
TCCGGACTCAGATCTCGA
[配列番号9]α-Tubulin遺伝子(Homo sapiens)
GTGCGTGAGTGCATCTCCATCCACGTTGGCCAGGCTGGTGTCCAGATTGGCAATGCCTGCTGGGAGCTCTACTGCCTGGAACACGGCATCCAGCCCGATGGCCAGATGCCAAGTGACAAGACCATTGGGGGAGGAGATGACTCCTTCAACACCTTCTTCAGTGAGACGGGCGCTGGCAAGCACGTGCCCCGGGCTGTGTTTGTAGACTTGGAACCCACAGTCATTGATGAAGTTCGCACTGGCACCTACCGCCAGCTCTTCCACCCTGAGCAGCTCATCACAGGCAAGGAAGATGCTGCCAATAACTATGCCCGAGGGCACTACACCATTGGCAAGGAGATCATTGACCTTGTGTTGGACCGAATTCGCAAGCTGGCTGACCAGTGCACCGGTCTTCAGGGCTTCTTGGTTTTCCACAGCTTTGGTGGGGGAACTGGTTCTGGGTTCACCTCCCTGCTCATGGAACGTCTCTCAGTTGATTATGGCAAGAAGTCCAAGCTGGAGTTCTCCATTTACCCAGCACCCCAGGTTTCCACAGCTGTAGTTGAGCCCTACAACTCCATCCTCACCACCCACACCACCCTGGAGCACTCTGATTGTGCCTTCATGGTAGACAATGAGGCCATCTATGACATCTGTCGTAGAAACCTCGATATCGAGCGCCCAACCTACACTAACCTTAACCGCCTTATTAGCCAGATTGTGTCCTCCATCACTGCTTCCCTGAGATTTGATGGAGCCCTGAATGTTGACCTGACAGAATTCCAGACCAACCTGGTGCCCTACCCCCGCATCCACTTCCCTCTGGCCACATATGCCCCTGTCATCTCTGCTGAGAAAGCCTACCATGAACAGCTTTCTGTAGCAGAGATCACCAATGCTTGCTTTGAGCCAGCCAACCAGATGGTGAAATGTGACCCTCGCCATGGTAAATACATGGCTTGCTGCCTGTTGTACCGTGGTGACGTGGTTCCCAAAGATGTCAATGCTGCCATTGCCACCATCAAAACCAAGCGCAGCATCCAGTTTGTGGATTGGTGCCCCACTGGCTTCAAGGTTGGCATCAACTACCAGCCTCCCACTGTGGTGCCTGGTGGAGACCTGGCCAAGGTACAGAGAGCTGTGTGCATGCTGAGCAACACCACAGCCATTGCTGAGGCCTGGGCTCGCCTGGACCACAAGTTTGACCTGATGTATGCCAAGCGTGCCTTTGTTCACTGGTACGTGGGTGAGGGGATGGAGGAAGGCGAGTTTTCAGAGGCCCGTGAAGATATGGCTGCCCTTGAGAAGGATTATGAGGAGGTTGGTGTGGATTCTGTTGAAGGAGAGGGTGAGGAAGAAGGAGAGGAATACTAA
[配列番号10]DHFR遺伝子(Escherichia coli)
ATGATCAGTCTGATTGCGGCGTTAGCGGTAGATCGCGTTATCGGCATGGAAAACGCCATGCCGTGGAACCTGCCTGCCGATCTCGCCTGGTTTAAACGCAACACCTTAAATAAACCCGTGATTATGGGCCGCCATACCTGGGAATCAATCGGTCGTCCGTTGCCAGGACGCAAAAATATTATCCTCAGCAGTCAACCGGGTACGGACGATCGCGTAACGTGGGTGAAGTCGGTGGATGAAGCCATCGCGGCGTGTGGTGACGTACCAGAAATCATGGTGATTGGCGGCGGTCGCGTTTATGAACAGTTCTTGCCAAAAGCGCAAAAACTGTATCTGACGCATATCGACGCAGAAGTGGAAGGCGACACCCATTTCCCGGATTACGAGCCGGATGACTGGGAATCGGTATTCAGCGAATTCCACGATGCTGATGCGCAGAACTCTCACAGCTATTGCTTTGAGATTCTGGAGCGGCGGTAA
[配列番号11]Primer DHFR-His_Fw
GAAATTAATACGACTC
[配列番号12]Primer DHFR-His_Rv
ATCCATTTAATTAGTGGTGATGGTGATGATGTCCACCGACTTCACCCACG
[配列番号13]DHFRタンパク質
MISLIAALAVDRVIGMENAMPWNLPADLAWFKRNTLNKPVIMGRHTWESIGRPLPGRKNIILSSQPGTDDRVTWVKSVDEAIAACGDVPEIMVIGGGRVYEQFLPKAQKLYLTHIDAEVEGDTHFPDYEPDDWESVFSEFHDADAQNSHSYCFEILERR
[配列番号14]DHFR-Hisタンパク質
MISLIAALAVDRVIGMENAMPWNLPADLAWFKRNTLNKPVIMGRPYLGINRSSVARTQKYYPQQSTGYGRSRNVGEVGGHHHHHH
[配列番号15]第1のステム部分
CCGCAUUA
[配列番号16]第2のステム部分
UAGUGUGG
[配列番号17]ステムループ構造1
CCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGG
[配列番号18]ステムループ構造2
GCGCAUUACCCCCCCCCCCUAGUGUGC
Claims (14)
- 5’末端側から3’末端側への方向に、対象となる遺伝子の標的配列に相補的な第1の配列と、ステムループ構造を形成する第2の配列とを含む1本鎖核酸分子。
- 前記ステムループ構造のステム部分の末端は、シトシン及びグアニンである、請求項1に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
- 前記ステムループ構造は、ループ部分が主としてシトシンからなるステムループ構造である、請求項1~2のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
- 前記ステムループ構造は、ステム部分が4塩基対~20塩基対のステムループ構造である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
- 前記第2の配列は、配列番号17又は配列番号18に記載の配列である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
- 前記第1の配列は、8塩基長~16塩基長の配列である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
- 前記遺伝子は、前記標的配列の上流9塩基~上流15塩基において同一の塩基が2個以上連続する、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
- 前記遺伝子は、前記標的配列の上流9塩基~上流15塩基において同一の塩基が2個以上連続している部分が2箇所以上ある、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子を有効成分として含む、-1フレームシフト誘導用組成物。
- 前記組成物は、-1フレームシフトを誘導することにより、前記遺伝子の発現を正常化して、該遺伝子の発現異常により発症する遺伝性疾患を予防及び/又は治療するための医薬品用組成物である、請求項9に記載の組成物。
- 前記遺伝性疾患は、筋ジストロフィー、癌、多発性硬化症、脊髄性筋萎縮症、レット症候群、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、脆弱X症候群、プラダー・ウィリー症候群、色素性乾皮症、ポルフィリン症、ウェルナー症候群、進行性骨化性線維異形成症、乳児神経セロイドリポフスチン沈着症、アルツハイマー病、テイ-サックス病、神経組織変性、パーキンソン病、慢性関節リウマチ、対宿主性移植片病、関節炎、血友病、フォンヴィレブラント病、毛細管拡張性運動失調、サラセミア、腎結石、骨形成不全、肝硬変、神経繊維腫症、水疱性疾患、ライソゾーム性蓄積症、ハーラー疾患、小脳運動失調、結節性硬化症、家族性赤血球増加症、免疫不全、腎臓病、肺疾患、嚢胞性線維症、家族性高コレステロール血症、色素性網膜症、アミロイドーシス、アテローム性動脈硬化症、巨人症、小人症、甲状腺機能低下症、甲状腺機能亢進症、老化、肥満、糖尿病、ニーマン-ピック病、及びマルファン症候群からなる群から選ばれる遺伝性疾患である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子又は請求項9に記載の組成物の有効量を、対象となる遺伝子の発現異常により発症する遺伝性疾患を有する、又はその危険性がある生物個体に投与することを含む、遺伝性疾患を治療及び/又は予防する方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の1本鎖核酸分子又は請求項9に記載の組成物の有効量を、対象となる遺伝子の発現異常が認められる細胞、組織、臓器又は生物個体に投与することを含む、遺伝子の発現異常を改善する方法。
- 前記遺伝性疾患は、筋ジストロフィー、癌、多発性硬化症、脊髄性筋萎縮症、レット症候群、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、脆弱X症候群、プラダー・ウィリー症候群、色素性乾皮症、ポルフィリン症、ウェルナー症候群、進行性骨化性線維異形成症、乳児神経セロイドリポフスチン沈着症、アルツハイマー病、テイ-サックス病、神経組織変性、パーキンソン病、慢性関節リウマチ、対宿主性移植片病、関節炎、血友病、フォンヴィレブラント病、毛細管拡張性運動失調、サラセミア、腎結石、骨形成不全、肝硬変、神経繊維腫症、水疱性疾患、ライソゾーム性蓄積症、ハーラー疾患、小脳運動失調、結節性硬化症、家族性赤血球増加症、免疫不全、腎臓病、肺疾患、嚢胞性線維症、家族性高コレステロール血症、色素性網膜症、アミロイドーシス、アテローム性動脈硬化症、巨人症、小人症、甲状腺機能低下症、甲状腺機能亢進症、老化、肥満、糖尿病、ニーマン-ピック病、及びマルファン症候群からなる群から選ばれる遺伝性疾患である、請求項12又は13に記載の方法。
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