WO2021179615A1 - 一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置 - Google Patents

一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021179615A1
WO2021179615A1 PCT/CN2020/122706 CN2020122706W WO2021179615A1 WO 2021179615 A1 WO2021179615 A1 WO 2021179615A1 CN 2020122706 W CN2020122706 W CN 2020122706W WO 2021179615 A1 WO2021179615 A1 WO 2021179615A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main body
cam
expansion
push rod
section
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PCT/CN2020/122706
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张文迪
卢娜
李广成
刘健
张文勇
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北京梅德厚普科技有限公司
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Application filed by 北京梅德厚普科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京梅德厚普科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021179615A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179615A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for holding wounds open; Tractors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of surgical auxiliary fixation devices, in particular to a bone hole rapid expansion fixation device.
  • Surgical instrument fixation devices are commonly used surgical auxiliary devices in surgical operations.
  • the structure of surgical instrument fixation devices in surgery is relatively complicated, heavy, expensive, and inconvenient to operate. In view of these shortcomings, clinical applications are limited.
  • the Chinese patent with the patent number CN109009485A discloses a surgical auxiliary fixation device, which includes a bone hole expansion and fixation assembly.
  • the bone hole expansion and fixation assembly includes a fixed expansion body and a movable expansion body.
  • the fixed expansion body has a guide groove and For the top wire, the guide arm is guided and limited by the guide groove, and under the action of the top wire, the toothed claws of the fixed spreading body and the movable spreading body are spread.
  • the opening and closing of the fixed spreading body and the movable spreading body are realized by the telescopic adjustment of the guide arm.
  • the adjustment of the guide arm requires the use of a wrench, which is inconvenient to operate in clinical use.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings and propose a bone hole quick-opening fixation device which is flexible and adjustable and improves the convenience of use.
  • a bone hole quick opening and fixing device including a main body, a knob, a cam wrench, and a movable expansion body; At the end of the main body, the knob is equipped with an ejector rod; the cam wrench includes a cam part and a wrench part.
  • the cam part is installed in the main body slot at the back of the axial hole; the movable expansion body is connected with a push rod, and the push rod is installed in the axial hole
  • both the movable expansion body and the fixed expansion body are provided with expansion parts, and the end of the expansion part is provided with tooth-shaped claws; the ejector rod, the cam part and the push rod are connected in the axial hole one by one;
  • the knob is moved by the ejector rod against the cam part, and the cam part moves against the push rod to carry the movable expansion body for preliminary expansion.
  • the wrench part By pulling the wrench part, the cam part is turned from the bottom dead point to the top dead point, and the top Move the push rod for a certain distance to further expand the movable expansion body.
  • the push rod of the movable expansion body and the front section of the axial hole of the main body have mutually matched non-circular cross-sections.
  • the movable expansion body is provided with a semicircular arm.
  • the above-mentioned wrench portion includes a first bending section, a straight rod section, and a second bending section that are connected in sequence, and the two bending sections are bent in opposite directions, wherein the first bending section serves as a handle, and the second bending section Connect with the cam.
  • the outer periphery of the middle and rear section of the main body is sheathed with a shielding sleeve that can slide along the main body, and the shielding sleeve is located on the front side of the knob; the shielding sleeve is provided with a sleeve axial groove that is opposite to the position of the groove of the main body.
  • the second bending section penetrates into the axial groove of the sleeve, and the camshaft of the cam part is fixed or hinged on the wall of the shielding sleeve.
  • the length of the axial groove of the sleeve is adapted to the second bending section.
  • the straight rod section of the wrench part is against the middle and front section of the main body, at this time the second bending section is placed in the axial sleeve groove, and the cam wrench It can be closed by self-locking.
  • a limiting groove for the camshaft to move in the axial direction of the main body is provided in the middle and rear section of the main body.
  • the cam disc of the cam part is rotatably connected with the camshaft, and the front end of the jack is hinged with the camshaft; the front end of the jack is provided with a notch, and the cam disk is located at the notch.
  • a limit part is provided between the rear end of the push rod and the front end of the main body to prevent the push rod from falling out.
  • the spreading parts are all step-shaped, including a horizontal surface and a vertical surface, the outer end of the horizontal surface is upwardly tilted, and the outer end surface of the vertical surface protrudes outward in an arc shape.
  • the spanner part of the cam wrench can be pulled, and the cam part (cam plate) can be rotated from the bottom dead center. To the top dead point, it moves a certain distance against the push rod to further expand the movable expansion body and insert it into the inner wall of the bone hole to achieve firm fixation.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural principle diagram of an embodiment of the bone hole rapid expansion fixing device of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cam wrench in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the bone hole rapid expansion and fixation device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of Fig. 6.
  • 1 is the main body
  • 101 is the limit slot
  • 102 is the main body slot
  • 2 is the knob
  • 3 is the cam wrench
  • 301 is the first bending section
  • 302 is the straight rod section
  • 303 is the second bending section
  • 4 It is a movable spreading body
  • 5 is a fixed spreading body
  • 6 is a spreading part
  • 7 is a toothed claw
  • 8 is an axial hole
  • 9 is a thread
  • 10 is an ejector rod
  • 1001 is a notch
  • 11 is a cam part
  • 12 is a push rod
  • 13 is a shielding sleeve
  • 1301 is an axial slot of the sleeve
  • 14 is a semicircular arm
  • 15 is a horizontal plane
  • 16 is a vertical plane.
  • a bone hole rapid expansion fixing device includes a main body 1, a knob 2, a cam wrench 3, and a movable expansion body 4.
  • the front end of the main body 1 is provided with a fixed expansion body 5, an axial hole is provided inside, and a thread is provided at the end.
  • the knob 2 is installed on the end of the main body through threads, and the ejector rod 10 is connected to the knob 2.
  • the cam wrench 3 includes a cam portion and a wrench portion, and the cam portion 11 is installed in the main body slot 102 at the rear section of the axial hole.
  • the movable expansion body 4 is connected with a push rod 12, and the push rod 12 is installed in the front section of the axial hole 8.
  • Both the movable spreading body 4 and the fixed spreading body 5 are provided with a spreading portion 6, and a toothed claw 7 is provided at the end of the spreading portion 6.
  • the ejector rod 10, the cam portion 11, and the push rod 12 are sequentially connected in the axial hole, which means that the front end of the ejector rod 10 is in contact with the rear side of the cam portion 11, and the front side of the cam portion 11 is in contact with the end of the push rod 12. Keep the end faces in contact.
  • the push rod 12 of the movable expansion body 4 and the front section of the axial hole of the main body are non-circular cross sections that cooperate with each other, which can prevent the push rod from rotating.
  • the movable expansion body 4 is provided with a semi-circular arm 14 which can fully expose the bone hole and facilitate the operation of the instrument.
  • the above-mentioned wrench part includes a first bending section 301, a straight rod section 302, and a second bending section 303 which are connected in sequence. The bending directions of the two bending sections are opposite.
  • the segment 303 is connected to the cam portion.
  • the outer periphery of the middle and rear section of the main body 1 is sleeved with a shielding sleeve 13 that can slide along the main body.
  • the shielding sleeve 13 is located on the front side of the knob 2;
  • the cylinder axial groove 1301, the second bending section 303 penetrates the sleeve axial groove, and the cam shaft of the cam part is hinged on the shielding sleeve wall.
  • the length of the axial groove 1301 of the sleeve is adapted to the second bending section 303.
  • the cam part When the straight rod section of the wrench part abuts the middle and front section of the main body, the cam part is located a little past the top dead point, and the movable expansion body is at the maximum In the open position, at this time, the second bending section 302 is placed in the axial groove, and the cam wrench can be self-locked and closed.
  • a limit part is provided between the rear end of the push rod and the front end of the main body to prevent the push rod from coming out, which can prevent the push rod from falling out of the axial hole.
  • the above-mentioned expansion parts 6 are all step-shaped, including a transverse surface 15 and a vertical surface 16, the outer end of the transverse surface is upwardly tilted, and the outer end of the vertical surface protrudes outward in an arc shape.
  • the knob 2 when the knob 2 is rotated, the knob carries the ejector rod to move forward, and the ejector rod 10 moves against the cam portion 11, and the shielding sleeve follows, and then the cam portion 11 moves against the push rod. Carry the movable expansion body to initially expand.
  • the spanner part drives the cam part to rotate by pulling the spanner part.
  • the camshaft rotates around the hinge point to make the cam plate of the cam part 11 Turn from the bottom dead point to the top dead point, and move a certain distance against the push rod to further expand the movable expansion body, and the tooth-shaped claws of the expansion part can be inserted into the inner wall of the bone hole to achieve firm fixation.
  • a bone hole rapid expansion fixing device includes a main body 1, a knob 2, a cam wrench 3, and a movable expansion body 4.
  • the front end of the main body 1 is provided with a fixed expansion body 5, an axial hole is provided inside, and a thread is provided at the end.
  • the knob 2 is screwed on the end of the main body, and the end of the top rod 10 is inserted into the knob 2.
  • the cam wrench 3 includes a cam portion and a wrench portion, and the cam portion 11 is installed in the main body slot 102 at the rear section of the axial hole.
  • the movable expansion body 4 is connected with a push rod 12, and the push rod 12 is installed in the front section of the axial hole 8.
  • Both the movable spreading body 4 and the fixed spreading body 5 are provided with a spreading part, and the end section of the spreading part is provided with a tooth-shaped claw.
  • the ejector rod 10, the cam portion 11, and the push rod 12 are sequentially connected in the axial hole, which means that the front end of the ejector rod 10 is hinged with the camshaft of the cam portion 1, and the front side of the cam portion 11 is held with the end face of the push rod 12 touch.
  • the above-mentioned wrench part includes a first bending section, a straight rod section and a second bending section which are connected in sequence. Department connected.
  • the outer periphery of the middle and rear section of the main body 1 is sleeved with a shielding sleeve 13 that can slide along the main body.
  • the shielding sleeve 13 is located on the front side of the knob 2;
  • the cylinder axial groove 1301, the second bending section 303 penetrates into the sleeve axial groove, and the cam shaft of the cam part is fixed on the wall of the shielding sleeve.
  • the cam disc of the cam part is rotatably connected with the camshaft, the front end of the ejector rod is provided with a notch, both sides of the notch are hinged with the camshaft, and the cam disc is located at the notch.
  • the knob 2 when the knob 2 is rotated, the knob carries the ejector rod to move forward, and the ejector rod 10 moves against the cam portion 11, and the shielding sleeve follows, and then the cam portion 11 moves against the push rod. Carry the movable expansion body to initially expand.
  • the spanner part drives the cam disc to rotate. During this process, the camshaft does not move, so that the cam disc rotates from the bottom dead center to the upper position. At the dead point, move a certain distance against the push rod to further expand the movable expansion body, and the tooth-shaped claws of the expansion part can be inserted into the inner wall of the bone hole to achieve firm fixation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract

一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，包括主体（1）、旋钮（2）、凸轮扳手（3）和可移动撑开体（4）。主体（1）的前端设有固定撑开体（5），内部有轴向孔（8），末端设有螺纹（9），旋钮（2）通过螺纹（9）安装于主体（1）末端，旋钮（2）配有顶杆（10）。凸轮扳手（3）包括凸轮部（11）和扳手部，凸轮部（11）安装于轴向孔（8）后段的主体开槽（102）内；可移动撑开体（4）连有推杆（12），推杆（12）安装于轴向孔（8）的前段，可移动撑开体（4）和固定撑开体（5）都设有撑开部（6），撑开部（6）的末段设有齿形爪（7）；顶杆（10）、凸轮部（11）、推杆（12）在轴向孔（8）中依次相接。转动旋钮（2），由顶杆（10）顶着凸轮部（11）移动，并由凸轮部（11）顶着推杆（12）移动携带可移动撑开体（4）初步撑开，通过扳动扳手部，带着凸轮部（11）由下止点转至上止点，顶着推杆（12）再移动一段距离，使可移动撑开体（4）进一步撑开。

Description

一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置 技术领域
本发明涉及手术辅助固定装置领域，具体涉及一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置。
 背景技术
手术器械固定装置是外科手术中常用的手术辅助装置，目前手术中手术器械固定装置结构比较复杂、笨重、价格昂贵、操作不便，鉴于这些缺点，临床应用受限。
专利号为CN109009485A的中国专利公开了一种手术辅助固定装置，包括骨孔撑开固定组件，骨孔撑开固定组件包括固定撑开体和可移动撑开体，固定撑开体具有导向槽和顶丝，导向臂通过导向槽导向限位，在顶丝的作用下，固定撑开体和可移动撑开体的齿形爪撑开。
固定撑开体和可移动撑开体的开合通过导向臂的伸缩调节实现，导向臂的调节需要使用扳手，在临床使用时操作不便。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的是针对上述不足，提出了一种灵活可调，提高使用便利性的骨孔快速撑开固定装置。
本发明具体采用如下技术方案：
一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，包括主体、旋钮、凸轮扳手和可移动撑开体；主体的前端设有固定撑开体，内部有轴向孔，末端设有螺纹；旋钮通过螺纹安装于主体末端，旋钮配有顶杆；凸轮扳手包括凸轮部和扳手部，凸轮部安装于轴向孔后段的主体开槽内；可移动撑开体连有推杆，推杆安装于轴向孔的前段，可移动撑开体和固定撑开体都设有撑开部，撑开部的末段设有齿形爪；顶杆、凸轮部、推杆在轴向孔中依次相接；转动旋钮，由顶杆顶着凸轮部移动，并由凸轮部顶着推杆移动携带可移动撑开体初步撑开，通过扳动扳手部，带着凸轮部由下止点转至上止点，顶着推杆再移动一段距离，使可移动撑开体进一步撑开。
优选地，可移动撑开体的推杆和主体的轴向孔前段为相互配合的非圆形截面。
优选地，可移动撑开体设有半圆形臂。
优选地，上述扳手部包括依次相连的第一弯折段、直杆段和第二弯折段，两个弯折段折向正相反，其中第一弯折段作为手柄，第二弯折段与凸轮部相连。
优选地，主体的中后段外周套有能沿主体滑移的遮蔽套筒，遮蔽套筒位于旋钮的前侧；遮蔽套筒上开设有与主体开槽的位置正相对的套筒轴向槽，第二弯折段穿入套筒轴向槽，凸轮部的凸轮轴固定或铰接在遮蔽套筒壁上。
优选地，套筒轴向槽的长度与第二弯折段相适配，当扳手部的直杆段贴靠主体中前段时，此时第二弯折段置入轴套筒向槽内，凸轮扳手能自锁关闭。
优选地，在主体的中后段设有供凸轮轴在其中沿主体轴向移动的限位槽。
优选地，凸轮部的凸轮盘与凸轮轴转动联接，顶杆的前端与凸轮轴铰接；顶杆的前端设置有槽口，凸轮盘位于槽口处。
优选地，在推杆的后端与主体的前端之间设有防止推杆脱出的限位部。
优选地，撑开部均呈阶梯状，包括横面和竖面，横面外端向上翘起，竖面的外端面向外突出呈弧形。
 有益效果
本发明具有如下有益效果：
该装置用于手术中时，可以在齿形爪碰到骨孔壁后，即在旋钮拧紧至最大状态时，扳动凸轮扳手的扳手部，带着凸轮部（凸轮盘）由下止点转至上止点，顶着推杆再移动一段距离，使可移动撑开体进一步撑开，嵌入骨孔内壁，实现牢固固定。
 附图说明
图1为本发明骨孔快速撑开固定装置的一种实施方式结构原理示意图；
图2为图1的分解示意图；
图3为图1中的凸轮扳手结构示意图；
图4为图1的纵向剖视图；
图5为图1的横向剖视图；
图6为本发明骨孔快速撑开固定装置的另一种实施方式结构整体结构示意图；
图7为图6的分解示意图。
其中，1为主体，101为限位槽，102为主体开槽，2为旋钮，3为凸轮扳手，301为第一弯折段，302为直杆段，303为第二弯折段，4为可移动撑开体，5为固定撑开体，6为撑开部，7为齿形爪，8为轴向孔，9为螺纹，10为顶杆，1001为槽口，11为凸轮部，12为推杆，13为遮蔽套筒，1301为套筒轴向槽，14为半圆形臂，15为横面，16为竖面。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明：
实施例1
如图1-图5所示，一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，包括主体1、旋钮2、凸轮扳手3和可移动撑开体4。主体1的前端设有固定撑开体5，内部有轴向孔，末端设有螺纹。旋钮2通过螺纹安装于主体末端，顶杆10连在旋钮2上。凸轮扳手3包括凸轮部和扳手部，凸轮部11安装于轴向孔后段的主体开槽102内。可移动撑开体4连有推杆12，推杆12安装于轴向孔8的前段。可移动撑开体4和固定撑开体5都设有撑开部6，撑开部6的末段设有齿形爪7。顶杆10、凸轮部11、推杆12在轴向孔中依次相接，是指顶杆10的前端端面与凸轮部11的后侧保持接触、凸轮部11的前侧与推杆12的末端端面保持接触。
上述可移动撑开体4的推杆12和主体的轴向孔前段为相互配合的非圆形截面，可避免推杆转动。
上述可移动撑开体4设有半圆形臂14，半圆形臂14能够充分暴露骨孔，便于器械操作。
上述扳手部包括依次相连的第一弯折段301、直杆段302和第二弯折段303，两个弯折段折向正相反，其中第一弯折段301作为手柄，第二弯折段303与凸轮部相连。
上述主体1的中后段外周套有能沿主体滑移的遮蔽套筒13，遮蔽套筒13位于旋钮2的前侧；遮蔽套筒13上开设有与主体的开槽的位置正相对的套筒轴向槽1301，第二弯折段303穿入套筒轴向槽，凸轮部的凸轮轴铰接在遮蔽套筒壁上。当遮蔽套筒13套在主体时，凸轮轴可进入设置在主体1中后段的限位槽101内，以供凸轮轴在限位槽内沿着主体轴向稳定移动。
上述套筒轴向槽1301的长度与第二弯折段303相适配，当扳手部的直杆段贴靠主体中前段时，凸轮部位于上止点过一点，可移动撑开体处于最大撑开位置，此时第二弯折段302置入轴向槽内，凸轮扳手能自锁关闭。
在上述推杆的后端与主体的前端之间设有防止推杆脱出的限位部，可避免推杆从轴向孔内脱落。
上述撑开部6均呈阶梯状，包括横面15和竖面16，横面外端向上翘起，竖面的外端面向外突出呈弧形。
本发明，转动旋钮2，在旋钮旋进过程中，旋钮携带顶杆向前移动，并由顶杆10顶着凸轮部11移动，遮蔽套筒随动，再由凸轮部11顶着推杆移动携带可移动撑开体初步撑开，在旋钮拧紧至最大状态时，再通过扳动扳手部，由扳手部带动凸轮部转动，此过程中凸轮轴绕铰接点转动，使凸轮部11的凸轮盘由下止点转至上止点，顶着推杆再移动一段距离，使可移动撑开体进一步撑开，撑开部的齿形爪得以嵌入骨孔内壁，实现牢固固定。
实施例2
如图6和图7，一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，包括主体1、旋钮2、凸轮扳手3和可移动撑开体4。主体1的前端设有固定撑开体5，内部有轴向孔，末端设有螺纹。旋钮2通过螺纹安装于主体末端，顶杆10的末端插接在旋钮2上。凸轮扳手3包括凸轮部和扳手部，凸轮部11安装于轴向孔后段的主体开槽102内。可移动撑开体4连有推杆12，推杆12安装于轴向孔8的前段。可移动撑开体4和固定撑开体5都设有撑开部，撑开部的末段设有齿形爪。顶杆10、凸轮部11、推杆12在轴向孔中依次相接，是指顶杆10的前端与凸轮部1的凸轮轴铰接、凸轮部11的前侧与推杆12的末端端面保持接触。
上述扳手部包括依次相连的第一弯折段、直杆段和第二弯折段，两个弯折段折向正相反，其中第一个弯折段作为手柄，第二弯折段与凸轮部相连。
上述主体1的中后段外周套有能沿主体滑移的遮蔽套筒13，遮蔽套筒13位于旋钮2的前侧；遮蔽套筒13上开设有与主体的开槽的位置正相对的套筒轴向槽1301，第二弯折段303穿入套筒轴向槽，凸轮部的凸轮轴固定在遮蔽套筒壁上。当遮蔽套筒13套在主体时，凸轮轴可进入设置在主体1中后段的限位槽101内，以供凸轮轴在限位槽内沿着主体轴向稳定移动。
上述凸轮部的凸轮盘与凸轮轴转动联接，顶杆的前端设置有槽口，槽口的两侧与凸轮轴铰接，凸轮盘位于槽口处。
本发明，转动旋钮2，在旋钮旋进过程中，旋钮携带顶杆向前移动，并由顶杆10顶着凸轮部11移动，遮蔽套筒随动，再由凸轮部11顶着推杆移动携带可移动撑开体初步撑开，在旋钮拧紧至最大状态时，再通过扳动扳手部，由扳手部带动凸轮盘转动，此过程中凸轮轴不动，使凸轮盘由下止点转至上止点，顶着推杆再移动一段距离，使可移动撑开体进一步撑开，撑开部的齿形爪得以嵌入骨孔内壁，实现牢固固定。
本实施例未述及的技术内容可与实施例1相同。
当然，上述说明并非是对本发明的限制，本发明也并不仅限于上述举例，本技术领域的技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换，也应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，包括主体、旋钮、凸轮扳手和可移动撑开体；主体的前端设有固定撑开体，内部有轴向孔，末端设有螺纹；旋钮通过螺纹安装于主体末端，旋钮配有顶杆；凸轮扳手包括凸轮部和扳手部，凸轮部安装于轴向孔后段的主体开槽内；可移动撑开体连有推杆，推杆安装于轴向孔的前段，可移动撑开体和固定撑开体都设有撑开部，撑开部的末段设有齿形爪；顶杆、凸轮部、推杆在轴向孔中依次相接；转动旋钮，由顶杆顶着凸轮部移动，并由凸轮部顶着推杆移动携带可移动撑开体初步撑开，通过扳动扳手部，带着凸轮部由下止点转至上止点，顶着推杆再移动一段距离，使可移动撑开体进一步撑开。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，可移动撑开体的推杆和主体的轴向孔前段为相互配合的非圆形截面。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，可移动撑开体设有半圆形臂。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，上述扳手部包括依次相连的第一弯折段、直杆段和第二弯折段，两个弯折段折向正相反，其中第一弯折段作为手柄，第二弯折段与凸轮部相连。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，主体的中后段外周套有能沿主体滑移的遮蔽套筒，遮蔽套筒位于旋钮的前侧；遮蔽套筒上开设有与主体开槽的位置正相对的套筒轴向槽，第二弯折段穿入套筒轴向槽，凸轮部的凸轮轴固定或铰接在遮蔽套筒壁上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，套筒轴向槽的长度与第二弯折段相适配，当扳手部的直杆段贴靠主体中前段时，此时第二弯折段置入套筒轴向槽内，凸轮扳手能自锁关闭。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，在主体的中后段设有供凸轮轴在其中沿主体轴向移动的限位槽。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，凸轮部的凸轮盘与凸轮轴转动联接，顶杆的前端与凸轮轴铰接；顶杆的前端设置有槽口，凸轮盘位于槽口处。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，在推杆的后端与主体的前端之间设有防止推杆脱出的限位部。
  10. 权利要求1所述的一种骨孔快速撑开固定装置，其特征在于，撑开部均呈阶梯状，包括横面和竖面，横面外端向上翘起，竖面的外端面向外突出呈弧形。
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