WO2021179260A1 - 一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块 - Google Patents

一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块 Download PDF

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WO2021179260A1
WO2021179260A1 PCT/CN2020/079032 CN2020079032W WO2021179260A1 WO 2021179260 A1 WO2021179260 A1 WO 2021179260A1 CN 2020079032 W CN2020079032 W CN 2020079032W WO 2021179260 A1 WO2021179260 A1 WO 2021179260A1
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heating
diamonds
heat preservation
optimizing
conductive material
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PCT/CN2020/079032
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张小文
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桂林鼎石超硬材料有限公司
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Priority to CN202080000559.8A priority Critical patent/CN112236221B/zh
Priority to US16/758,937 priority patent/US11925924B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/079032 priority patent/WO2021179260A1/zh
Publication of WO2021179260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179260A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
    • B01J3/062—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies characterised by the composition of the materials to be processed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
    • B01J3/048—Multiwall, strip or filament wound vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
    • B01J3/065—Presses for the formation of diamonds or boronitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/02—Elements
    • C30B29/04—Diamond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B35/00—Apparatus not otherwise provided for, specially adapted for the growth, production or after-treatment of single crystals or of a homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2203/00—Processes utilising sub- or super atmospheric pressure
    • B01J2203/06—High pressure synthesis
    • B01J2203/065—Composition of the material produced
    • B01J2203/0655—Diamond
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2203/00—Processes utilising sub- or super atmospheric pressure
    • B01J2203/06—High pressure synthesis
    • B01J2203/0675—Structural or physico-chemical features of the materials processed
    • B01J2203/068—Crystal growth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
    • Y10T117/10—Apparatus
    • Y10T117/1024—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state
    • Y10T117/1096—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state including pressurized crystallization means [e.g., hydrothermal]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of superhard material synthesis, in particular to a synthetic block for optimizing the properties of diamonds and gemstones.
  • Diamond has excellent physical and chemical properties. Among them, diamond with complete crystal shape and high purity has extremely high strength and high thermal stability, and is suitable for sawing tools with high impact and heavy load. Synthetic diamond is a synthetic rod composed of high-purity graphite material and metal alloy catalyst, which is prepared by high temperature and high pressure. The preparation process of high-quality synthetic diamond requires highly stable pressure and temperature, and any fluctuations will affect the growth of diamond crystals.
  • the synthetic blocks commonly used in the market can withstand pressure and temperature within 5.5 GPa and 1500°C.
  • the temperature field and pressure field in most synthesis cavities are not uniform and the stability is poor.
  • the real pressure in the center of the cavity is lower than the edge of the cavity, resulting in the central part of the synthesis cavity in actual production.
  • the quality of synthetic diamonds varies greatly, resulting in less than the required physical properties such as the color and clarity of diamonds and gemstones.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite block that optimizes the properties of diamond and gemstones, can bear ultra-high pressure and ultra-high temperature, has better sealing and heat preservation, and achieves the purpose of optimizing the properties of diamond and gemstones. .
  • a composite block for optimizing the properties of diamonds and gemstones including: sealing materials, heat preservation materials, conductive materials and heating materials; the conductive materials are arranged on the sealing material At both ends of the conductive material, the heating material abuts against the conductive material, and a high-temperature and high-pressure zone is formed inside; the thermal insulation material includes a first thermal insulation tube and a second thermal insulation tube sheathed sequentially outside the conductive material , The first heat preservation pipe abuts against the outer wall of the heating material, the second heat preservation pipe is arranged between the sealing material and the first heat preservation pipe, and the height of the second heat preservation pipe is greater than that of the first heat preservation pipe.
  • An insulation tube, the composite block is square.
  • the heating material includes: a first heating sheet arranged on the surface of the conductive material; and a heating tube connected between the first heating sheets.
  • the heating material further includes a second heating sheet arranged in the center of the high temperature and high pressure zone and connected to the heating tube at both ends.
  • a third thermal insulation layer is provided at both ends of the high temperature and high pressure zone close to the conductive material.
  • the heating material includes: a first heating sheet provided on the surface of the conductive material; a heating frame provided between the first heating sheets; and, connected to the first heating sheet and The heating connecting piece of the heating frame.
  • a fourth heat preservation layer is provided on the peripheral side of the high temperature and high pressure zone close to the heating frame.
  • the sealing material is a processed and formed block of South African pyrophyllite raw ore; or a compressed and formed block of domestic high-quality pyrophyllite raw ore powder.
  • the thermal insulation material is made by pressing high-purity ceramic materials.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • a composite block that optimizes the properties of diamonds and gemstones by adopting a dual thermal insulation material composed of a first thermal insulation tube and a second thermal insulation tube, has a higher thermal insulation structure than the single-layer thermal insulation structure used in the traditional composite block.
  • Good pressure transmission performance, heat preservation performance has also been greatly improved, can bear extremely high pressure and high temperature, in a certain period of time to optimize the physical properties of diamonds and gems such as color and clarity.
  • the sealing performance of the outer sealing material due to the high temperature and high pressure phase change is avoided to be greatly reduced, and the production safety is ensured, and the structure is stable and safe.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment relates to a composite block for optimizing the properties of diamonds and gemstones, including: sealing material 1, heat preservation material 2, conductive material 3, and heating material 4; conductive material 3 is provided on the sealing material At both ends of 1, the heating material 4 abuts between the conductive material 3, and a high temperature and high pressure zone 5 is formed inside; the heat preservation material 2 includes a first heat preservation pipe 21 and a second heat preservation pipe 22 that are sequentially sheathed outside the conductive material 3 , The first insulation tube 21 abuts against the outer wall of the heating material 4, the second insulation tube 22 is arranged between the sealing material 1 and the first insulation tube 21, the height of the second insulation tube 22 is greater than that of the first insulation tube 21, and the composite block is The square shape, to achieve double sealing, on the one hand increases the pressure transmission and heat preservation of the composite block, and on the other hand increases the structural stability and safety of the composite block.
  • the heating material 4 includes: a first heating sheet 41 provided on the surface of the conductive material 3; and a heating tube 42 connected between the first heating sheets 41. And, a second heating sheet 43 arranged in the center of the high temperature and high pressure zone 5 and connected to the heating tube 42 at both ends.
  • the problem of insufficient pressure and temperature in the central part of the composite block is solved, thereby forming a stable and uniform pressure field in the high temperature and high pressure zone 5, which is beneficial to improve the physical properties of diamonds and gems.
  • the composite block has a simple structure and is convenient to use.
  • the high temperature and high pressure zone 5 The pressure field and temperature field are uniform, the stability is good, the synthesis time is long, and the color and clarity of diamonds and gems can be optimized efficiently.
  • the described diamond includes but is not limited to natural diamond, high temperature and high pressure (HPHT) synthetic diamond, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) produced diamond.
  • the gemstones described include but are not limited to sapphire, moissanite, ruby, beeswax amber, emerald.
  • Sealing material 1 is a processed block of South African pyrophyllite raw ore; or a compressed block of high-quality pyrophyllite raw ore powder. Compared with the common pyrophyllite powder compacted block commonly used in China, the pressure transmission performance and sealing performance are better, and it is stable and reliable.
  • the thermal insulation material 2 is made by pressing high-purity ceramic materials.
  • High-purity ceramics include, but are not limited to, magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide materials, which have better pressure transmission performance, and thermal insulation performance has also been greatly improved, and can bear extremely high pressure and high temperature.
  • the sealing performance of the outer sealing material 1 due to the high temperature and high pressure phase change is avoided to be greatly reduced, and the production safety is ensured.
  • the composite block can withstand the ultra-high pressure of 7-8GPa and the high temperature of 2000-2500 degrees Celsius, so as to optimize the color and clarity of the diamond or gemstone within a certain period of time.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment relates to a composite block for optimizing the properties of diamonds and gemstones, including: sealing material 1, heat preservation material 2, conductive material 3, and heating material 4; conductive material 3 is provided on the sealing material At both ends of 1, the heating material 4 abuts between the conductive material 3, and a high temperature and high pressure zone 5 is formed inside; the heat preservation material 2 includes a first heat preservation pipe 21 and a second heat preservation pipe 22 that are sequentially sheathed outside the conductive material 3 , The first insulation tube 21 abuts against the outer wall of the heating material 4, the second insulation tube 22 is arranged between the sealing material 1 and the first insulation tube 21, the height of the second insulation tube 22 is greater than that of the first insulation tube 21, and the composite block is The square shape to achieve double sealing, on the one hand increases the pressure transmission and heat preservation of the composite block, and on the other hand increases the structural stability of the composite block.
  • the heating material 4 includes: a first heating sheet 41 provided on the surface of the conductive material 3; connected between the first heating sheets 41 ⁇ 42 ⁇ The heating pipe 42.
  • the two ends of the high temperature and high pressure zone 5 close to the conductive material 3 are provided with a third thermal insulation layer 23, so that the thermal insulation performance of the high temperature and high pressure zone 5 is further improved.
  • the composite block can withstand the ultra-high pressure of 7-8GPa and the high temperature of 2000-2500 degrees Celsius, so as to optimize the color and clarity of the diamond or gemstone within a certain period of time.
  • Embodiment 3 As shown in Figure 3, this embodiment relates to a composite block for optimizing the properties of diamonds and gemstones, including: sealing material 1, heat preservation material 2, conductive material 3, and heating material 4; conductive material 3 is provided on the sealing material At both ends of 1, the heating material 4 abuts between the conductive material 3, and a high temperature and high pressure zone 5 is formed inside; the heat preservation material 2 includes a first heat preservation pipe 21 and a second heat preservation pipe 22 that are sequentially sheathed outside the conductive material 3 , The first insulation tube 21 abuts against the outer wall of the heating material 4, the second insulation tube 22 is arranged between the sealing material 1 and the first insulation tube 21, the height of the second insulation tube 22 is greater than that of the first insulation tube 21, and the composite block is The square shape to achieve double sealing, on the one hand increases the pressure transmission and heat preservation of the composite block, and on the other hand increases the structural stability of the composite block.
  • the heating material 4 includes: a first heating sheet 41 arranged on the surface of the conductive material 3; a heating frame 44 arranged between the first heating sheets 41 And, connected to the first heating sheet 41 and the heating connection member 45 of the heating frame 44.;
  • the high temperature and high pressure zone 5 is provided with a fourth thermal insulation layer 24 on the peripheral side close to the heating frame 44.
  • the first thermal insulation pipe 21 is tightly assembled on the side of the heating frame 44, and the cross section of the first thermal insulation pipe 21 is in the shape of a bulge, so as to further improve the thermal insulation and structural stability of the high temperature and high pressure zone 5.
  • the composite block Used in conjunction with a six-sided top hydraulic press produced in my country, the composite block can withstand ultra-high pressure of 7-8GPa and high temperature of 2000-2500 degrees Celsius, so that the color and clarity of diamond or gemstones can be optimized within a certain period of time.
  • the dual insulation material 2 composed of the first insulation tube 21 and the second insulation tube 22 is adopted, which has better pressure transmission than the single-layer insulation structure used in the traditional composite block
  • the performance and heat preservation performance have also been greatly improved, and it can carry extremely high pressure and high temperature, and optimize the physical properties such as the color and clarity of diamonds and gemstones within a certain period of time.
  • the sealing performance of the outer sealing material 1 due to the high temperature and high pressure phase change is avoided to be greatly reduced, the production safety is ensured, and the structure is stable and safe.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其技术方案要点是，包括，密封材料、保温材料、导电材料以及发热材料；所述导电材料设于所述密封材料的两端，所述发热材料抵接于所述导电材料之间，且内部形成有高温高压区；所述保温材料包括依次套设于所述导电材料外的第一保温管和第二保温管，所述第一保温管抵接于所述发热材料外壁，所述第二保温管设于所述密封材料和所述第一保温管之间，所述第二保温管的高度大于所述第一保温管，所述合成块为正方形。能够承载超高压超高温，具有较好的密封性和保温性，实现优化金刚石及宝石性能的目的。

Description

一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块 技术领域
本发明涉及超硬材料合成技术领域，特别涉及一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块。
背景技术
金刚石具有优异的物理、化学性质，其中具有完整晶型和高纯净度的金刚石具有极高的强度和高热稳定性，适用于高冲击力、大载荷的锯切工具中。人造金刚石是由高纯度石墨材料和金属合金触媒所组成的合成棒，通过高温高压进行制备而成。高品质的人造金刚石的制备过程中需要高度稳定的压力和温度，任何波动都会对金刚石晶体的生长造成影响。
目前市场上普遍使用的合成块能够承受的压强和温度在5.5GPa和1500℃内。且大部分合成腔体内温度场和压力场不均匀，稳定性差，特别是大腔体合成中，腔体中心的真实压力较腔体边缘部分偏低，造成实际生产中的合成腔体的中心部分的人造金刚石质量差异较大，导致金刚石、宝石的颜色和净度等物理性能到不到要求。
因此需要提供一种能够承载超高压力和超高温度，从而优化金刚石、宝石性能的合成腔体。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，能够承载超高压超高温，具有较好的密封性和保温性，实现优化金刚石及宝石性能的目的。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，包括：密封材料、保温材料、导电材料以及发热材料；所述导电材料设于所述密封材料的两端，所述发热材料抵接于所述导电 材料之间，且内部形成有高温高压区；所述保温材料包括依次套设于所述导电材料外的第一保温管和第二保温管，所述第一保温管抵接于所述发热材料外壁，所述第二保温管设于所述密封材料和所述第一保温管之间，所述第二保温管的高度大于所述第一保温管，所述合成块为正方形。
本发明的进一步设置，所述发热材料包括：设于所述导电材料表面的第一发热片；连接于所述第一发热片之间的发热管。
本发明的进一步设置，所述发热材料还包括设于所述高温高压区中心的、且两端连接于所述发热管的第二发热片。
本发明的进一步设置，所述高温高压区接近所述导电材料的两端设有第三保温层。
本发明的进一步设置，所述发热材料包括：设于所述导电材料表面的第一发热片；设于所述第一发热片之间的发热框；以及，连接于所述第一发热片和所述发热框的发热连接件。
本发明的进一步设置，所述高温高压区接近所述发热框的周侧设有第四保温层。
本发明的进一步设置，所述密封材料为南非叶腊石原矿加工成型块；或国产优质叶腊石原矿粉压成型块。
本发明的进一步设置，所述保温材料为高纯度陶瓷材料压制而成。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
在本发明中的一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，通过采用第一保温管和第二保温管构成的双重保温材料，相较于传统的合成块中使用的单层保温结构，具有较好的传压性能，保温性能也得到大幅度提高，能够承载极高压极高温，在一定时间内使金刚石及宝石的颜色和净度等物理性能发生优化。 同时避免了外层密封材料因高温高压相变导致密封性能大幅下降，确保了生产安全，具有结构稳定性和安全性。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一中的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例二中的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例三中的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：1、密封材料；2、保温材料；3、导电材料；4、发热材料；5、高温高压区；21、第一保温管；22、第二保温管；41、第一发热片；42、发热管；43、第二发热片；23、第三保温层；44、发热框；45、发热连接件；24、第四保温层。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
实施例一：如图1所示，本实施例涉及一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，包括：密封材料1、保温材料2、导电材料3以及发热材料4；导电材料3设于密封材料1的两端，发热材料4抵接于导电材料3之间，且内部形成有高温高压区5；保温材料2包括依次套设于导电材料3外的第一保温管21和第二保温管22，第一保温管21抵接于发热材料4外壁，第二保温管22设于密封材料1和第一保温管21之间，第二保温管22的高度大于第一保温管21，合成块为正方形，以实现双重密封，一方面增加了该合成块的传压性和保温性，另一方面增加了该合成块的结构稳定性和安全性。
如图1所示，在本实施例中，发热材料4包括：设于导电材料3表面的第一发热片41；连接于第一发热片41之间的发热管42。以及，设于高温高压区5中心且两端连接于发热管42的第二发热片43。解决了该合成块中心部分压力、温度不足的问题，从而在高温高压区5形成稳定均匀的压力场，有利于提高金刚石及宝石的物理性能，该合成块结构简单，使用方便，高温高压区5压力场和温度场均匀，稳定性好，合成时间长，能够高效率地优化金刚石及宝石的颜色、净度等。
在本实施例中，所描述的金刚石包括但不限于天然金刚石，高温高压(HPHT)合成的金刚石以及化学气相沉积法(CVD)生产的金刚石。所描述的宝石包括但不限于蓝宝石，莫桑石，红宝石，蜜蜡琥珀，祖母绿。密封材料1为南非叶腊石原矿加工成型块；或优质叶腊石原矿粉压成型块。这相比于国内常用的普通叶腊石粉压型块，传压性能与密封性能等更为优良，且稳定可靠。其中保温材料2均为高纯度陶瓷材料压制而成。高纯度陶瓷包括但不限于氧化镁、氧化铝材料，从而具有较好的传压性能，保温性能也得到大幅度提高，能够承载极高压极高温。同时避免了外层密封材料1因高温高压相变导致密封性能大幅下降，确保了生产安全。结合我国生产的六面顶液压机进行使用，该合成块能够承受7-8GPa的超高压与2000-2500摄氏度的高温，从而在一定时间内使得金刚石或宝石的颜色和净度等性能得到优化。
实施例二：如图2所示，本实施例涉及一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，包括：密封材料1、保温材料2、导电材料3以及发热材料4；导电材料3设于密封材料1的两端，发热材料4抵接于导电材料3之间，且内部形成有高温高压区5；保温材料2包括依次套设于导电材料3外的第一保温管21和第二保温管22，第一保温管21抵接于发热材料4外壁，第二保温管22 设于密封材料1和第一保温管21之间，第二保温管22的高度大于第一保温管21，合成块为正方形，以实现双重密封，一方面增加了该合成块的传压性和保温性，另一方面增加了该合成块的结构稳定性。
本实施例与实施例一不同的是，如图2所示，在本实施例中，发热材料4包括：设于导电材料3表面的第一发热片41；连接于第一发热片41之间的发热管42。高温高压区5接近导电材料3的两端设有第三保温层23，使得高温高压区5的保温性能得到进一步提高。结合我国生产的六面顶液压机进行使用，该合成块能够承受7-8GPa的超高压与2000-2500摄氏度的高温，从而在一定时间内使得金刚石或宝石的颜色和净度等性能得到优化。
实施例三：如图3所示，本实施例涉及一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，包括：密封材料1、保温材料2、导电材料3以及发热材料4；导电材料3设于密封材料1的两端，发热材料4抵接于导电材料3之间，且内部形成有高温高压区5；保温材料2包括依次套设于导电材料3外的第一保温管21和第二保温管22，第一保温管21抵接于发热材料4外壁，第二保温管22设于密封材料1和第一保温管21之间，第二保温管22的高度大于第一保温管21，合成块为正方形，以实现双重密封，一方面增加了该合成块的传压性和保温性，另一方面增加了该合成块的结构稳定性。
本实施例与实施例一、二不同的是，如图3所示，发热材料4包括：设于导电材料3表面的第一发热片41；设于第一发热片41之间的发热框44；以及，连接于第一发热片41和发热框44的发热连接件45。其中高温高压区5接近发热框44的周侧设有第四保温层24。此时第一保温管21紧密装配于发热框44边侧，第一保温管21的截面呈匚形，以进一步提高高温高压区5的保温性和结构稳定性。结合我国生产的六面顶液压机进行使用，该合成块 能够承受7-8GPa的超高压与2000-2500摄氏度的高温，从而在一定时间内使得金刚石或宝石的颜色和净度等性能得到优化。
具体工作过程以及原理：本发明中通过采用第一保温管21和第二保温管22构成的双重保温材料2，相较于传统的合成块中使用的单层保温结构，具有较好的传压性能，保温性能也得到大幅度提高，能够承载极高压极高温，在一定时间内使金刚石及宝石的颜色和净度等物理性能发生优化。同时避免了外层密封材料1因高温高压相变导致密封性能大幅下降，确保了生产安全，具有结构稳定性和安全性。
以上，仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其它修改或者等同替换，只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其特征在于，包括：密封材料(1)、保温材料(2)、导电材料(3)以及发热材料(4)；
    所述导电材料(3)设于所述密封材料(1)的两端，所述发热材料(4)抵接于所述导电材料(3)之间，且内部形成有高温高压区(5)；
    所述保温材料(2)包括依次套设于所述导电材料(3)外的第一保温管(21)和第二保温管(22)，所述第一保温管(21)抵接于所述发热材料(4)外壁，所述第二保温管(22)设于所述密封材料(1)和所述第一保温管(21)之间，所述第二保温管(22)的高度大于所述第一保温管(21)，所述合成块为正方形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其特征在于，所述发热材料(4)包括：设于所述导电材料(3)表面的第一发热片(41)；
    连接于所述第一发热片(41)之间的发热管(42)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其特征在于，所述发热材料(4)还包括设于所述高温高压区(5)中心的、且两端连接于所述发热管(42)的第二发热片(43)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其特征在于，所述高温高压区(5)接近所述导电材料(3)的两端设有第三保温层(23)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其特征在于，所述发热材料(4)包括：设于所述导电材料(3)表面的第一发热片(41)；
    设于所述第一发热片(41)之间的发热框(44)；以及，
    连接于所述第一发热片(41)和所述发热框(44)的发热连接件(45)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其特征 在于，所述高温高压区(5)接近所述发热框(44)的周侧设有第四保温层(24)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其特征在于，所述密封材料(1)为南非叶腊石原矿加工成型块；或国产优质叶腊石原矿粉压成型块。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种优化金刚石及宝石性能的合成块，其特征在于，所述保温材料(2)为高纯度陶瓷材料压制而成。
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