WO2021170152A1 - 一种融合型漏泄电缆及覆盖系统 - Google Patents

一种融合型漏泄电缆及覆盖系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021170152A1
WO2021170152A1 PCT/CN2021/088447 CN2021088447W WO2021170152A1 WO 2021170152 A1 WO2021170152 A1 WO 2021170152A1 CN 2021088447 W CN2021088447 W CN 2021088447W WO 2021170152 A1 WO2021170152 A1 WO 2021170152A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
leaky
waveguide
conductor
holes
cable
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PCT/CN2021/088447
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林垄龙
赵瑞静
许波华
缪艳华
王斌
沙敏
潘宝强
蓝燕锐
徐宗铭
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中天射频电缆有限公司
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Application filed by 中天射频电缆有限公司 filed Critical 中天射频电缆有限公司
Publication of WO2021170152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021170152A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
    • H01P3/06—Coaxial lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/02—Details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a fusion leaky cable that can be used for long-distance transmission of microwave signals or radiation signals, and a covering system using the fusion leaky cable.
  • leaky coaxial cables are widely used in railways, tunnels, mines, buildings and other environments with poor wireless signal coverage. They have both the transmission characteristics of transmission lines and the radiation characteristics of antennas, which can overcome the problem of strong underground electromagnetic interference and improve communication. quality.
  • the frequency band used is getting higher and higher. Limited by the structure of the coaxial cable itself, the power capacity decreases, and the loss of the inner conductor of the leaky coaxial cable and the loss of the filling medium also increase correspondingly, resulting in an increase in the transmission loss of the leaky coaxial cable.
  • the structural size of the leaky coaxial cable needs to be reduced, which further increases the transmission loss of the leaky coaxial cable. Therefore, leaky coaxial cables are not suitable for high-frequency long-distance communications.
  • Leaky waveguides have better transmission performance at high frequencies and can be applied to higher frequency band transmission.
  • its frequency compatibility is poor, and it cannot be compatible with low, medium and high frequency communication frequency band signals at the same time, and its structure size is large, construction and installation are difficult, a large installation space is required, and installation and construction costs are high.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a converged leaky cable and a covering system using the converged leaky cable.
  • the leaky coaxial cable and the leaky waveguide are integrated and designed, and the lower frequency band is in the leaky coaxial cable. Transmission is carried out in the cable, and the higher frequency band is transmitted in the leaky waveguide, so that the use frequency band of the leaky cable is expanded to high frequency and has higher compatibility.
  • a fusion leaky cable comprising at least one leaky coaxial cable and at least one leaky waveguide.
  • the leaky coaxial cable and the leaky waveguide form an integrated structure, and the leaky coaxial cable is at a distance from the leaky waveguide. ⁇ 20mm setting.
  • it also includes an outer sheath and a filling layer, the outer sheath is wrapped around the leaky coaxial cable and the leaky waveguide, and the outer side wall of the outer sheath is protrudingly provided with at least one The back rib for position indication, the filling layer is arranged between the outer sheath and the leaky coaxial cable and the leaky waveguide.
  • the filling layer is filled with one of filling rope, filling rod or sheath.
  • the leaky coaxial cable includes an inner conductor, an outer conductor and a first insulating filling layer, the inner conductor is arranged inside the outer conductor and the first insulating filling layer is arranged between them,
  • the leaky waveguide includes a waveguide conductor and a second insulating filling layer, the inside of the waveguide conductor is provided with the second insulating filling layer, and the leaky coaxial cable is in tangential contact with the outside of the leaky waveguide, that is, the The outer side wall of the waveguide conductor is in tangential and abutting contact with the outer side wall of the outer conductor, and the filling layer is provided in the gap between the waveguide conductor and the outer conductor to the outer sheath.
  • both the waveguide conductor and the outer conductor are provided with leakage slots along their axial directions, and the leakage slots adopt elliptical holes, rectangular holes, slanted holes, fission holes, L-shaped holes, and U-shaped holes.
  • One or more of type holes, E-shaped holes, T-shaped holes, triangular holes, and polygonal holes, the leakage slots on the outer conductor and the leakage slots on the waveguide conductor are both facing away The back ribs are set.
  • the leaky waveguide is one of a leaky circular waveguide, a leaky elliptical waveguide, a leaky rectangular waveguide, a leaky semicircular waveguide, a leaky semi-elliptical waveguide, a leaky ridge waveguide, and a leaky shaped waveguide.
  • the shape of the coaxial cable is round or square.
  • the leaky coaxial cable includes an inner conductor, an outer conductor and a first insulating filling layer, the inner conductor is arranged inside the outer conductor and the first insulating filling layer is arranged between them,
  • the leaky waveguide includes a waveguide conductor and a second insulating filling layer, the inside of the waveguide conductor is provided with the second insulating filling layer, the leaky coaxial cable and the leaky waveguide are arranged to intersect, that is, the outer conductor and The waveguide conductors are arranged to intersect each other, and the filling layer is arranged between the waveguide conductor and the outer sheath.
  • the waveguide conductor and the outer conductor are provided with leakage slots along their axial directions, and the leakage slots are elliptical holes, rectangular holes, slanted holes, fission holes, L-shaped holes, and U-shaped holes.
  • E-shaped hole, T-shaped hole, triangular hole, polygonal hole one or more, the leakage slot on the outer conductor and the leakage slot on the waveguide conductor are both facing away from the Back rib setting.
  • the shape of the leaky coaxial cable is round or square.
  • the outer sheath adopts one of PE, LSZH, FEP, and PFA.
  • the size of the outer conductor is 6 mm to 43 mm, and the circumference of the waveguide conductor is 10 mm to 300 mm.
  • the present application also provides a coverage system, including a source, a connecting element, a load, and an antenna, and also includes the fusion leaky cable as described in any one of the above, and the fusion leaky cable is provided with connectors at both ends, One end of the fused leaky cable is connected to the source through the connector, the connecting element, and the other end of the fused leaky cable is connected to the source through the connector, the connecting element, and the source.
  • the load is connected to any one of the antennas.
  • the fusion leaky cable provided by the present invention is designed by fusing the leaky coaxial cable and the leaky waveguide to form a leaky cable, which reduces installation space and construction difficulty.
  • high-frequency signals are transmitted in the leaky waveguide and radiated through the leaky slots on the waveguide conductor, and lower-frequency signals are transmitted in the leaky coaxial cable and radiate through the leaky slots on the outer conductor, making the fusion leaky
  • the cable has high frequency compatibility.
  • Figure 1 is a slot diagram of a leaky coaxial cable in the first embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fusion leaky cable in the first embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a slot diagram of the leaky coaxial cable in the second embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a slot diagram of the leaky waveguide in the second embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fusion leaky cable in the second embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fusion leaky cable in the third embodiment
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel covering system adopting a converged leaky cable in the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a passive room sub-covering system using a fusion leaky cable in the fifth embodiment
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an active room sub-covering system using a fusion leaky cable in the sixth embodiment.
  • the above-mentioned leaky coaxial cable 2 and the leaky waveguide 3 are preferably arranged at a distance of 0 mm, and have a tangent structure.
  • the fusion leaky cable includes a leaky coaxial cable 2 and a leaky waveguide 3.
  • the leaky coaxial cable 2 includes an inner conductor 21, an outer conductor 22, and a first insulating filling layer 23.
  • the inner conductor 21 is arranged inside the outer conductor 22 and a first insulating filling layer 23 is arranged between the two.
  • the first insulating filling layer 23 may be foamed polyethylene, PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene), or FEP (Fluorinated ethylene propylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, also called perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer).
  • the size of the outer conductor is 6mm ⁇ 43mm, and the circumference of the waveguide conductor is 10mm ⁇ 300mm.
  • the waveguide conductor 31 and the outer conductor 22 are provided with leakage slots 5 along their axial directions for transmitting and radiating signals.
  • Leakage slot 5 uses one or more of elliptical holes, rectangular holes, slanted holes, fission holes, L-shaped holes, U-shaped holes, E-shaped holes, T-shaped holes, triangular holes, and polygonal holes. In the embodiment, a fission four-and-eight-shaped inclined hole is used.
  • the leakage slots 5 on the outer conductor 22 and the leakage slots 5 on the waveguide conductor 31 are both preferably arranged facing away from the back rib 6.
  • the leaky waveguide 3 in this embodiment is one of a leaky circular waveguide, a leaky elliptical waveguide, a leaky rectangular waveguide, a leaky semicircular waveguide, a leaky semi-elliptical waveguide, a leaky ridge waveguide, a leaky shaped waveguide, or it can also be used Other deformed structures, the shape of the leaky coaxial cable 2 is round or square and other deformed structures.
  • the above-mentioned leaky waveguide 3 adopts a leaky elliptical waveguide, and the leaky coaxial cable 2 adopts a circular structure as an example.
  • the above-mentioned leaky coaxial cable 2 and the leaky waveguide 3 are preferably arranged at a distance of 0 mm, and they have an intersecting structure.
  • the fusion leaky cable includes a leaky coaxial cable 2 and a leaky waveguide 3.
  • the leaky coaxial cable 2 includes an inner conductor 21, an outer conductor 22, and a first insulating filling layer 23.
  • the inner conductor 21 is arranged inside the outer conductor 22 and a first insulating filling layer 23 is arranged between the two.
  • the first insulating filling layer 23 may be foamed polyethylene, PTFE or FEP.
  • the leaky waveguide 3 includes a waveguide conductor 31 and a second insulating filling layer 32.
  • the second insulating filling layer 32 may be air, foamed polyethylene, PTFE or FEP.
  • the waveguide conductor 31 is sleeved outside the outer conductor 22, the leaky coaxial cable 2 and the leaky waveguide 3 are arranged to intersect, that is, the waveguide conductor 31 and the outer conductor 22 are arranged to intersect, and the intersecting part of the two can be shared.
  • a filling layer 4 is arranged in the space, and the filling layer 4 is filled with one of filling materials such as a filling rope, a filling rod or a sheath.
  • the size of the outer conductor is 6mm ⁇ 43mm, and the circumference of the waveguide conductor is 10mm ⁇ 300mm.
  • the waveguide conductor 31 and the outer conductor 22 are provided with leakage slots 5 along their axial directions for transmitting and radiating signals.
  • Leakage slot 5 uses one or more of elliptical holes, rectangular holes, slanted holes, fission holes, L-shaped holes, U-shaped holes, E-shaped holes, T-shaped holes, triangular holes, and polygonal holes.
  • the leakage slot 5 opened by the outer conductor 22 adopts periodic four to eight inclined holes
  • the leakage slot 5 opened by the waveguide conductor 31 adopts two periodic four to eight inclined holes with different sizes and different periods.
  • the leakage slot 5 on the outer conductor 22 and the leakage slot 5 on the waveguide conductor 31 are both set back to the back rib 6, and the outer sheath 1 is colored at the corresponding leakage slot 5.
  • the shape of the leaky coaxial cable 2 in this embodiment is circular or square, and the above-mentioned leaky coaxial cable 2 adopts a circular structure as an example.
  • the fusion leaky cable includes two leaky coaxial cables 2 and a leaky waveguide 3.
  • the two leaky coaxial cables 2 are arranged oppositely and are arranged to intersect the leaky waveguide 3.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as in the second embodiment.
  • this application also provides a covering system using the above-mentioned fusion leaky cable.
  • the covering system is a tunnel covering system using a fusion leaky cable.
  • the connecting elements include a combiner 8 and jumpers.
  • the source 7, the combiner 8, and the fusion leaky cable 9 are connected by jumpers, and the fusion leaky cable 9 is equipped with connectors at both ends.
  • the fusion leaky cable can also be disconnected in the middle, and the disconnection is connected with a jumper or connected to the load 10.
  • the source 7 adopts the BBU+RRU optical fiber remote mode, and the BBU is transmitted with the RRU through the optical fiber.
  • the signal of the lower frequency source 7 is combined by the combiner 8 and then enters the leaky coaxial cable 2 of the fusion leaky cable 9 for transmission and coverage; the signal of the higher frequency source 7 is combined by the combiner 8 and then enters The fusion leaky cable 9 transmits and covers in the leaky waveguide 3.
  • the signal of the 1.8GHz band source 7 is combined by the combiner 8 and then enters the leaky coaxial cable 2 of the fusion leaky cable 9 for transmission and coverage; the signal of the 5GHz band source 7 passes through the combiner 8 After being combined, it enters the leaky waveguide 3 of the fused leaky cable 9 for transmission and coverage.
  • the signal from the source 7 in the 0.7-3.8GHz frequency band is combined by the combiner 8 and then enters the leaky coaxial cable 2 of the converged leaky cable 9 for transmission and coverage; the signal from the source 7 in the 4.8-5GHz band passes through the combiner 8 After being combined, the router 8 enters the leaky waveguide 3 of the fused leaky cable 9 for transmission and coverage.
  • the fusion leaky cable provided by the present invention integrates the leaky coaxial cable and the leaky waveguide into an integrated design, the lower frequency band is transmitted in the leaky coaxial cable, and the higher frequency band is transmitted in the leaky waveguide, so that the leakage
  • the use frequency band of the cable expands to high frequency and has higher compatibility.

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Abstract

一种融合型漏泄电缆，包括至少一根漏泄同轴电缆和至少一根漏泄波导，漏泄同轴电缆和漏泄波导构成一体结构，漏泄同轴电缆与漏泄波导相距0～20mm设置。本发明将漏泄同轴电缆以及漏泄波导进行融合一体化设计，较低的频段在漏泄同轴电缆内进行传输，较高的频段在漏泄波导内进行传输，使得漏泄电缆的使用频段向高频拓展并具有更高的兼容性能。

Description

一种融合型漏泄电缆及覆盖系统
本申请要求于2020年02月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010119505.5、申请名称为“一种融合型漏泄电缆及覆盖系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种可用于微波信号长距离传输或辐射信号的融合型漏泄电缆，以及使用该种融合型漏泄电缆的覆盖系统。
背景技术
目前，漏泄同轴电缆广泛应用于铁路、隧道、矿井、楼宇等无线信号覆盖不良的环境中，其既有传输线的传输特性又有天线的辐射特性，可以克服地下强电磁干扰问题，从而提高通信质量。随着5G建设的快速发展，使用频段也越来越高。受同轴电缆本身结构限制，功率容量下降，漏泄同轴电缆的内导体损耗及其填充介质的损耗也相应增加，导致漏泄同轴电缆的传输损耗增加。同时为了适应较高的使用频段，漏泄同轴电缆结构尺寸需要减小，进一步地增加了漏泄同轴电缆的传输损耗。因此，漏泄同轴电缆不适用于高频的长距离通信。
漏泄波导在高频具有较好的传输性能，其可以应用于更高频波段传输。但是其频率兼容性差,无法同时兼容低中高频通信频段信号，且结构尺寸较大，施工安装难度大，需要较大的安装空间，安装和施工成本较高。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种融合型漏泄电缆以及使用该种融合型漏泄电缆的覆盖系统，将漏泄同轴电缆以及漏泄波导进行融合一体化设计，较低的频段在漏泄同轴电缆内进行传输，较高的频段在漏泄波导内进行传输，使得漏泄电缆的使用频段向高频拓展并具有更高的兼容性能。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种融合型漏泄电缆，包括至少一根漏泄同轴电缆和至少一根漏泄波导， 所述漏泄同轴电缆和所述漏泄波导构成一体结构，所述漏泄同轴电缆与所述漏泄波导相距0～20mm设置。
作为优选的，还包括有外护套和填充层，所述外护套包裹于所述漏泄同轴电缆和所述漏泄波导的外部且所述外护套的外侧壁处凸出设有至少一位置指示用的背筋，所述外护套与所述漏泄同轴电缆和所述漏泄波导之间设置有所述填充层。
作为优选的，所述填充层内填充有填充绳、填充棒或护套的其中一种填充材料。
作为优选的，所述漏泄同轴电缆包括有内导体、外导体和第一绝缘填充层，所述内导体设置在所述外导体内部且两者之间设置有所述第一绝缘填充层，所述漏泄波导包括波导导体和第二绝缘填充层，所述波导导体的内部设置有所述第二绝缘填充层，所述漏泄同轴电缆与所述漏泄波导外部相切抵靠接触即所述波导导体的外侧壁与所述外导体的外侧壁相切抵靠接触，所述波导导体与所述外导体至所述外护套的空隙内设置有所述填充层。
作为优选的，所述波导导体和所述外导体上均沿其轴向开设有漏泄槽孔，所述漏泄槽孔采用椭圆形孔、矩形孔、八字倾斜孔、裂变孔、L型孔、U型孔、E型孔、T型孔、三角形孔、多边形孔的其中一种或多种，所述外导体上的所述漏泄槽孔与所述波导导体上的所述漏泄槽孔均背向所述背筋设置。
作为优选的，所述漏泄波导为漏泄圆形波导、漏泄椭圆形波导、漏泄矩形波导、漏泄半圆形波导、漏泄半椭圆形波导、漏泄脊波导、漏泄异型波导的其中一种，所述漏泄同轴电缆的形状为圆形或方形。
作为优选的，所述漏泄同轴电缆包括有内导体、外导体和第一绝缘填充层，所述内导体设置在所述外导体内部且两者之间设置有所述第一绝缘填充层，所述漏泄波导包括波导导体和第二绝缘填充层，所述波导导体的内部设置有所述第二绝缘填充层，所述漏泄同轴电缆与所述漏泄波导为相交设置即所述外导体与所述波导导体相交设置，所述波导导体至所述外护套之间均设置有所述填充层。
作为优选的，所述波导导体和所述外导体上沿其轴向开设漏泄槽孔，所述漏泄槽孔采用椭圆形孔、矩形孔、八字倾斜孔、裂变孔、L型孔、U型孔、E型孔、T型孔、三角形孔、多边形孔的其中一种或多种，所述外导体上的 所述漏泄槽孔与所述波导导体上的所述漏泄槽孔均背向所述背筋设置。
作为优选的，所述漏泄同轴电缆的形状为圆形或方形。
作为优选的，所述外护套采用PE、LSZH、FEP、PFA的其中一种。
作为优选的，所述外导体尺寸为6mm～43mm，所述波导导体周长为10mm～300mm。
同时，本申请还提供一种覆盖系统，包括信源、连接元件、负载和天线，还包括有如上任意一项所述的融合型漏泄电缆，所述融合型漏泄电缆两端设置有连接器，所述融合型漏泄电缆的一端经所述连接器、所述连接元件与所述信源连接，所述融合型漏泄电缆的另一端经所述连接器、所述连接元件与所述信源、所述负载和所述天线其中任意一个连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种融合型漏泄电缆是将漏泄同轴电缆和漏泄波导进行融合设计，做成一根漏泄电缆，减少安装空间以及施工难度。同时，高频信号在漏泄波导中传输并通过其波导导体上漏泄槽孔进行辐射，较低频信号在漏泄同轴电缆中传输并通过其外导体上漏泄槽孔进行辐射，使得该融合型漏泄电缆具有较高的频率兼容性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例一中的漏泄同轴电缆的槽孔图；
图2为实施例一中的漏泄波导的槽孔图；
图3为实施例一中的融合型漏泄电缆的截面示意图；
图4为实施例二中的漏泄同轴电缆的槽孔图；
图5为实施例二中的漏泄波导的槽孔图；
图6为实施例二中的融合型漏泄电缆的截面示意图；
图7为实施例三中的融合型漏泄电缆的截面示意图；
图8为实施例四中采用融合型漏泄电缆的隧道覆盖系统的示意图；
图9为实施例五中采用融合型漏泄电缆的无源室分覆盖系统的示意图；
图10为实施例六中采用融合型漏泄电缆的有源室分覆盖系统的示意图。
附图中涉及的附图标记和组成部分说明：
1-外护套；2-漏泄同轴电缆；3-漏泄波导；4-填充层；5-漏泄槽孔；6-背筋；21-内导体；22-外导体；23-第一绝缘填充层；31-波导导体；32-第二绝缘填充层；7-信源；8-合路器；9-融合型漏泄电缆；10-负载；11-耦合器；12-功分器；13-天线。
具体实施方式
下面将通过具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
在本实施例中，优先将上述漏泄同轴电缆2与漏泄波导3两者相距0mm设置，且为相切的结构形式。
具体的参见图1～3，该融合型漏泄电缆包括一根漏泄同轴电缆2和一根漏泄波导3。其中，漏泄同轴电缆2包括有内导体21、外导体22和第一绝缘填充层23，内导体21设置在外导体22内部且两者之间设置有第一绝缘填充层23。第一绝缘填充层23可以为发泡聚乙烯、PTFE(Poly tetra fluoroethylene，聚四氟乙烯)或FEP(Fluorinated ethylene propylene，氟化乙烯丙烯共聚物，也称全氟乙烯丙烯共聚物)。漏泄波导3包括波导导体31和第二绝缘填充层32，波导导体31的内部设置有第二绝缘填充层32。第二绝缘填充层32可以为空气、发泡聚乙烯、PTFE或FEP。漏泄同轴电缆2与漏泄波导3外部相切抵靠接触即波导导体31的外侧壁与外导体22的外侧壁相切抵靠接触，波导导体31与外导体22至外护套1的空隙内设置有填充层4。填充层4内填充有填充绳、填充棒或护套的其中一种填充材料。
外导体尺寸为6mm～43mm，波导导体周长为10mm～300mm。
波导导体31和外导体22上沿其轴向开设漏泄槽孔5，用于传输和辐射信号。漏泄槽孔5采用椭圆形孔、矩形孔、八字倾斜孔、裂变孔、L型孔、U型孔、E型孔、T型孔、三角形孔、多边形孔的其中一种或多种，在本实施例中采用裂变四八字倾斜孔。为了使得辐射效果更好，优先将外导体22上的漏泄槽孔5与波导导体31上的漏泄槽孔5均背向背筋6设置。
本实施例中的漏泄波导3为漏泄圆形波导、漏泄椭圆形波导、漏泄矩形波导、漏泄半圆形波导、漏泄半椭圆形波导、漏泄脊波导、漏泄异型波导的其中一种或也可使用其他变形结构，漏泄同轴电缆2的形状为圆形或方形及其他变形结构。上述漏泄波导3采用漏泄椭圆形波导，漏泄同轴电缆2采用圆形结构作为示例。
实施例二
在本实施例中，优先将上述漏泄同轴电缆2与漏泄波导3两者相距0mm设置，且为相交的结构形式。
具体的参见图4～6，该融合型漏泄电缆包括一根漏泄同轴电缆2和一根漏泄波导3。其中，漏泄同轴电缆2包括有内导体21、外导体22和第一绝缘填充层23，内导体21设置在外导体22内部且两者之间设置有第一绝缘填充层23。第一绝缘填充层23可以为发泡聚乙烯、PTFE或FEP。漏泄波导3包括波导导体31和第二绝缘填充层32。第二绝缘填充层32可以为空气、发泡聚乙烯、PTFE或FEP。波导导体31套设在外导体22的外部，漏泄同轴电缆2与漏泄波导3为相交设置即波导导体31与外导体22相交设置，两者相交部分可共用，波导导体31至外护套1之间均设置有填充层4，填充层4内填充有填充绳、填充棒或护套的其中一种填充材料。
外导体尺寸为6mm～43mm，波导导体周长为10mm～300mm。
波导导体31和外导体22上沿其轴向开设漏泄槽孔5，用于传输和辐射信号。漏泄槽孔5采用椭圆形孔、矩形孔、八字倾斜孔、裂变孔、L型孔、U型孔、E型孔、T型孔、三角形孔、多边形孔的其中一种或多种，在本实施例中外导体22开设的漏泄槽孔5采用周期性的四八倾斜孔，波导导体31开设的漏泄槽孔5采用两种不同尺寸不同周期的周期性四八倾斜孔。为了使得辐射效果更好，优先将外导体22上的漏泄槽孔5与波导导体31上的漏泄槽孔5均背向背筋6设置，并且在对应漏泄槽孔5处外 护套1上采用色条标识。
本实施例中的漏泄同轴电缆2的形状为圆形或方形，上述漏泄同轴电缆2采用圆形结构作为示例。
实施例三
具体的参见图7，该融合型漏泄电缆包括两根漏泄同轴电缆2和一根漏泄波导3。两根漏泄同轴电缆2相对设置且均与漏泄波导3相交设置。其余结构与实施例二中相同。
进一步的，本申请还提供使用上述融合型漏泄电缆的覆盖系统。
实施例四
参见图8所示，该覆盖系统为采用融合型漏泄电缆的隧道覆盖系统。其中，连接元件包括合路器8和跳线，信源7、合路器8、融合型漏泄电缆9之间采用跳线连接，融合型漏泄电缆9两头装有连接器。融合型漏泄电缆中间也可以断开，断开处采用跳线跳接或接负载10。信源7采用BBU+RRU光纤拉远方式，BBU通过光纤与RRU进行传输。
较低频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄同轴电缆2中传输和覆盖；较高频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄波导3中传输和覆盖。例如对于信号系统，1.8GHz频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄同轴电缆2中传输和覆盖；5GHz频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄波导3中传输和覆盖。对于移动通信系统，0.7-3.8GHz频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄同轴电缆2中传输和覆盖；4.8-5GHz信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄波导3中传输和覆盖。
实施例五
参见图9所示，该覆盖系统为采用融合型漏泄电缆的无源室分覆盖系统。其中，连接元件包括合路器8、耦合器11、功分器12和跳线，信源7、合路器8、融合型漏泄电缆9、耦合器11、功分器12之间采用跳线连接，融合型漏泄电缆9两头装有连接器，融合型漏缆9末端接负载10或天线13，信源7采用BBU+RRU光纤拉远方式，BBU通过光纤与RRU进行传输。
较低频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄同轴电缆2中传输和覆盖，较高频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄波导3中传输和覆盖。例如，0.7-3.8GHz频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄同轴电缆2中传输和覆盖；4.8-5GHz频段信源7的信号通过合路器8合路后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄波导3中传输和覆盖。
实施例六
参见图10所示，该覆盖系统为采用融合型漏泄电缆的有源室分覆盖系统。其中，连接元件包括合路器8和跳线，信源7、合路器8、融合型漏泄电缆9之间采用跳线连接，融合型漏泄电缆9两头装有连接器，融合型漏泄电缆9末端接负载10或天线13，信源7采用BBU+RHUB/PBridge+pRRU拉远方式，BBU通过光纤与RHUB/PBridge连接，RHUB/PBridge与pRRU通过光电复合缆或者数据缆进行传输。
信源7的较低频段和较高频段信号通过合路器8后分成两路分别进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄同轴电缆2和漏泄波导3中传输和覆盖。例如，信源7的0.7-3.8GHz频段信号通过合路器8进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄同轴电缆2中传输和覆盖；信源7的4.8-5GHz频段信号通过合路器8后进入融合型漏泄电缆9的漏泄波导3中传输和覆盖。
本发明提供的一种融合型漏泄电缆将漏泄同轴电缆以及漏泄波导进行融合一体化设计，较低的频段在漏泄同轴电缆内进行传输，较高的频段在漏泄波导内进行传输，使得漏泄电缆的使用频段向高频拓展并具有更高的兼容性能。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：包括至少一根漏泄同轴电缆和至少一根漏泄波导，所述漏泄同轴电缆和所述漏泄波导构成一体结构，所述漏泄同轴电缆与所述漏泄波导相距0～20mm设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：还包括有外护套和填充层，所述外护套包裹于所述漏泄同轴电缆和所述漏泄波导的外部且所述外护套的外侧壁处凸出设有至少一位置指示用的背筋，所述外护套与所述漏泄同轴电缆和所述漏泄波导之间设置有所述填充层。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述填充层内填充有填充绳、填充棒或护套的其中一种填充材料。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述漏泄同轴电缆包括有内导体、外导体和第一绝缘填充层，所述内导体设置在所述外导体内部且两者之间设置有所述第一绝缘填充层，所述漏泄波导包括波导导体和第二绝缘填充层，所述波导导体的内部设置有所述第二绝缘填充层，所述漏泄同轴电缆与所述漏泄波导外部相切抵靠接触即所述波导导体的外侧壁与所述外导体的外侧壁相切抵靠接触，所述波导导体与所述外导体至所述外护套的空隙内设置有所述填充层。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述波导导体和所述外导体上均沿其轴向开设有漏泄槽孔，所述漏泄槽孔采用椭圆形孔、矩形孔、八字倾斜孔、裂变孔、L型孔、U型孔、E型孔、T型孔、三角形孔、多边形孔的其中一种或多种，所述外导体上的所述漏泄槽孔与所述波导导体上的所述漏泄槽孔均背向所述背筋设置。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述漏泄波导为漏泄圆形波导、漏泄椭圆形波导、漏泄矩形波导、漏泄半圆形波导、漏泄半椭圆形波导、漏泄脊波导、漏泄异型波导的其中一种，所述漏泄同轴电缆的形状为圆形或方形。
  7. 根据权利要求2或3所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述漏泄同轴电缆包括有内导体、外导体和第一绝缘填充层，所述内导体设置在所述外导体内部且两者之间设置有所述第一绝缘填充层，所述漏泄波导包括波导导体和第二绝缘填充层，所述波导导体的内部设置有所述第 二绝缘填充层，所述漏泄同轴电缆与所述漏泄波导为相交设置即所述外导体与所述波导导体相交设置，所述波导导体至所述外护套之间均设置有所述填充层。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述波导导体和所述外导体上沿其轴向开设漏泄槽孔，所述漏泄槽孔采用椭圆形孔、矩形孔、八字倾斜孔、裂变孔、L型孔、U型孔、E型孔、T型孔、三角形孔、多边形孔的其中一种或多种，所述外导体上的所述漏泄槽孔与所述波导导体上的所述漏泄槽孔均背向所述背筋设置。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述漏泄同轴电缆的形状为圆形或方形。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9任一项所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述外护套采用PE、LSZH、FEP、PFA的其中一种。
  11. 根据权利要求4-9任一项所述的一种融合型漏泄电缆，其特征在于：所述外导体尺寸为6mm～43mm，所述波导导体周长为10mm～300mm。
  12. 一种覆盖系统，包括信源、连接元件、负载和天线，其特征在于：还包括有权利要求1～11任意一项所述的融合型漏泄电缆，所述融合型漏泄电缆两端设置有连接器，所述融合型漏泄电缆的一端经所述连接器、所述连接元件与所述信源连接，所述融合型漏泄电缆的另一端经所述连接器、所述连接元件与所述信源、所述负载和所述天线其中任意一个连接。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117241283A (zh) * 2023-11-15 2023-12-15 中天射频电缆有限公司 一种交叉极化漏缆通信覆盖系统
CN117241283B (zh) * 2023-11-15 2024-02-06 中天射频电缆有限公司 一种交叉极化漏缆通信覆盖系统

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