WO2021169919A1 - 指纹识别基板及指纹识别方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

指纹识别基板及指纹识别方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021169919A1
WO2021169919A1 PCT/CN2021/077256 CN2021077256W WO2021169919A1 WO 2021169919 A1 WO2021169919 A1 WO 2021169919A1 CN 2021077256 W CN2021077256 W CN 2021077256W WO 2021169919 A1 WO2021169919 A1 WO 2021169919A1
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Prior art keywords
photosensitive
photosensitive sensor
light source
point light
sensor
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PCT/CN2021/077256
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁小梁
王海生
刘英明
李亚鹏
王佳斌
李昌峰
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US17/611,496 priority Critical patent/US11790689B2/en
Publication of WO2021169919A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021169919A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146—Imager structures
    • H01L27/14678—Contact-type imagers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/10—Image acquisition
    • G06V10/12—Details of acquisition arrangements; Constructional details thereof
    • G06V10/14—Optical characteristics of the device performing the acquisition or on the illumination arrangements
    • G06V10/141—Control of illumination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1324—Sensors therefor by using geometrical optics, e.g. using prisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146—Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14625—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/60—OLEDs integrated with inorganic light-sensitive elements, e.g. with inorganic solar cells or inorganic photodiodes
    • H10K59/65—OLEDs integrated with inorganic image sensors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of fingerprint identification, and in particular to a fingerprint identification substrate, a fingerprint identification method, and a display device.
  • the image formed by the photosensitive sensor includes two areas, one area is a non-imaging area, The fingerprint is not imaged in this area, and the other part is the imaging area, and the fingerprint can be imaged in this area.
  • you need to fill the non-imaging area use two point light sources to achieve complementary imaging, and perform image complementarity to achieve fingerprint imaging, but because the imaging areas of the two point light sources overlap each other, it needs to be time-sharing.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a fingerprint identification substrate, a fingerprint identification method, and a display device, which can ensure the imaging effect of fingerprint identification and improve the accuracy of fingerprint identification.
  • a fingerprint recognition substrate including:
  • At least one point light source arranged on the base substrate for emitting signal light
  • At least one photosensitive unit arranged on the side of the base substrate facing away from the point light source, for receiving the signal light reflected by the finger and identifying fingerprints;
  • Each of the photosensitive units includes a first photosensitive sensor and a second photosensitive sensor that are independent of each other.
  • the second photosensitive sensor is provided with a filter structure on one side facing the point light source, and the filter structure allows only a first direction. The light passes through, and the first direction is perpendicular to the base substrate.
  • the filter structure includes a quarter-wave plate and a linear polarizer that are stacked.
  • the photosensitive area of the first photosensitive sensor is larger than the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor.
  • the photosensitive unit corresponds to the point light source in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the first photosensitive sensor and the second photosensitive sensor are photodiodes, and the photodiodes include an anode, a cathode, and an intrinsic layer between the anode and the cathode.
  • the anode and the cathode of the first photosensitive sensor are The anodes of the second photosensitive sensor are independent of each other, and the intrinsic layer of the first photosensitive sensor and the intrinsic layer of the second photosensitive sensor are an integral structure.
  • the fingerprint recognition substrate is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display substrate
  • the point light source is a pixel of the OLED display substrate.
  • a quarter wave plate and a linear polarizer on the packaging film are provided on the light exit side of the fingerprint recognition substrate to convert the signal light into circularly polarized light.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device, which includes the fingerprint identification substrate as described above.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a fingerprint identification method, which is applied to the fingerprint identification substrate as described above, and the method includes:
  • the residual electrical signal of the second photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit is acquired, wherein the first photosensitive unit is located in the non-imaging area of the first point light source, and is located in the first light source.
  • the imaging area of the two-point light source is located in the non-imaging area of the first point light source, and is located in the first light source.
  • Determining the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor according to the mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit and the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor;
  • the photosensitive area of the first photosensitive sensor is larger than the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor.
  • mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit and the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor is related to the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor and the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor.
  • the proportional relationship between the areas is related.
  • the fingerprint identification method further includes:
  • the mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor and the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor in each photosensitive unit is acquired.
  • mapping relationship includes:
  • Step a Turn on a point light source and extinguish the point light source
  • Step b measuring the first residual electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor of the second photosensitive unit, the second photosensitive unit being located in the non-imaging area of the point light source;
  • Step c measuring the second residual electrical signal of the second photosensitive sensor of the second photosensitive unit
  • Step d determining the mapping relationship of the second photosensitive unit according to the first residual electrical signal and the second residual electrical signal;
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of fingerprint imaging using point light sources
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a fingerprint recognition substrate according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fingerprint recognition substrate according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a fingerprint identification method according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the image formed by the photosensitive sensor includes two areas, one area is non-imaging area 1, in which the fingerprint is not imaged, and the other part is Imaging area 2, fingerprints can be imaged in this area.
  • the non-imaging area needs to be filled.
  • two point light sources are used to realize complementary imaging, and the complementary imaging is performed to realize fingerprint imaging.
  • the imaging areas of the two point light sources overlap with each other, they need to be lit in time-sharing, and the two adjacent point light sources are sequentially lit.
  • the first point light source is lit, the light emitted by the first point light source will be directly It irradiates the photosensitive sensor directly below the first point light source to generate a larger electrical signal on the non-imaging area of the optical sensor; when the second point light source is on, the previous non-imaging area is transformed into an imaging area.
  • the large electrical signal generated in the non-imaging area will leave a strong lag in the imaging area, which will affect the imaging effect and further affect the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a fingerprint identification substrate, a fingerprint identification method, and a display device, which can ensure the imaging effect of fingerprint identification and improve the accuracy of fingerprint identification.
  • a fingerprint recognition substrate including:
  • At least one point light source arranged on the base substrate for emitting signal light
  • At least one photosensitive unit arranged on the side of the base substrate facing away from the point light source, for receiving the signal light reflected by the finger and identifying fingerprints;
  • each photosensitive unit includes a first photosensitive sensor and a second photosensitive sensor that are independent of each other.
  • the second photosensitive sensor is provided with a filter structure on the side facing the point light source, and the filter structure only allows light in the first direction to pass through.
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the base substrate.
  • each of the photosensitive units 5 includes a first photosensitive sensor 3 and a second photosensitive sensor 4 that are independent of each other.
  • the second photosensitive sensor is provided with a filter structure on the side facing the point light source. The filter structure only allows light in a first direction to pass through, and the first direction is perpendicular to the base substrate.
  • the first point light source and the second point light source are sequentially lit, and the non-imaging area corresponding to the first point light source covers the imaging area corresponding to the second point light source; when the second point light source is lit, the first point light source can be obtained.
  • the residual electrical signal of the second photosensitive sensor in a photosensitive unit The first photosensitive unit is located in the non-imaging area of the first point light source and in the imaging area of the second point light source. Because the second photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit faces the point light source
  • a filter structure is provided on one side, and the filter structure only allows light in the first direction to pass.
  • the electrical signal on the second photosensitive sensor is the residue of the electrical signal that is irradiated on the second photosensitive sensor when the first point light source is lit, so that the second photosensitive sensor is detected by the electrical signal to obtain the second photosensitive sensor According to the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor, the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor can be inferred. Perform electrical signal detection on the first photosensitive sensor.
  • the electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor is composed of the residual electrical signal and the fingerprint electrical signal, so that it can be determined according to the residual electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor and the detected electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor
  • the fingerprint electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor is further used for fingerprint identification according to the fingerprint electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure can ensure the imaging effect of fingerprint recognition and improve the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the first photosensitive sensor is used for fingerprint imaging
  • the second photosensitive sensor is used to receive the direct light from the point light source during the first point-of-spot light source to form a lag, and to perform the lag during the second point-of-spot light source.
  • the residual calculation therefore, the area of the second photosensitive sensor does not need to be set too large, and the photosensitive area of the first photosensitive sensor may be larger than the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor.
  • the photosensitive unit may correspond to the point light source one-to-one, or multiple photosensitive units may correspond to one point light source.
  • the first photosensitive sensor and the second photosensitive sensor may be photodiodes, and the photodiodes include an anode, a cathode, and an intrinsic layer between the anode and the cathode.
  • the anode of the first photosensitive sensor and the anode of the second photosensitive sensor are independent of each other, and the intrinsic layer of the first photosensitive sensor and the intrinsic layer of the second photosensitive sensor are an integral structure, which can be as large as possible The photosensitive area of the photosensitive unit.
  • the fingerprint recognition substrate may be an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display substrate, and the point light sources are pixels of the OLED display substrate.
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode
  • the fingerprint recognition substrate includes:
  • each photosensitive unit 5 located on the side of the base substrate 11 away from the pixels 10, each photosensitive unit 5 includes a first photosensitive sensor 3 and a second photosensitive sensor 4;
  • a quarter-wave plate 12 and a linear polarizer 13 are arranged between the second photosensitive sensor 4 and the base substrate 11.
  • the filter structure can adopt stacked quarter-wave plates and linear polarizers for signal The light is converted into circularly polarized light.
  • the filter structure may also adopt other structures, such as gratings, as long as it can only allow light in the first direction to pass.
  • the two adjacent point light sources are sequentially lit.
  • the first point light source is turned on, the light 14 in the first direction emitted by the first point light source directly hits the first light source directly below the point light source.
  • the first photosensitive unit includes a photosensitive sensor 3 and a second photosensitive sensor 4.
  • the first photosensitive unit is located in the non-imaging area of the first point light source. The electrical signal on the first photosensitive unit has no effect on the imaging data, but the first photosensitive unit has no effect on the imaging data.
  • the light emitted by a point light source will also cause the first photosensitive sensor 3 and the second photosensitive sensor 4 of the first photosensitive unit to generate electrical signals; when the second point light source is turned on, the first photosensitive unit is located at the second point light source In the imaging area of, the light emitted by the second point light source passes through the quarter-wave plate 8 and the linear polarizer 7, and becomes circularly polarized light. After the circularly polarized light is reflected by the fingerprint 16, it is irradiated on the first photosensitive unit.
  • the electrical signal on the second photosensitive sensor 4 of the first photosensitive unit is the residual electrical signal generated when the first point light source is turned on;
  • the electric signal on the first photosensitive sensor 3 of a photosensitive unit is the residual electric signal lag generated when the first point light source is turned on + the fingerprint electric signal signal generated when the second point light source is turned on.
  • the mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor 3 and the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor 4 in the same photosensitive unit can be obtained in advance, and the first The residual electrical signal of the photosensitive sensor 3 can then be used to obtain the fingerprint electrical signal signal generated by the first photosensitive sensor 3 when the second point light source is turned on, thereby eliminating the influence of lag on imaging.
  • the mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor and the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit is between the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor and the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor
  • the proportional relationship is related.
  • the above-mentioned mapping relationship can be obtained when the fingerprint recognition substrate leaves the factory.
  • the fingerprint recognition substrate can be adjusted to emit from a point light source, turn on a point light source, and then turn off, and record the first position of the photosensitive unit located in the non-imaging area of the point light source.
  • the residual electrical signals of the photosensitive sensor 3 and the second photosensitive sensor 4 obtain the mapping relationship of the photosensitive unit; traverse all the point light sources and all the photosensitive units to obtain the mapping relationship of all the photosensitive units.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device, which includes the fingerprint identification substrate as described above.
  • the display device includes but is not limited to: radio frequency unit, network module, audio output unit, input unit, sensor, display unit, user input unit, interface unit, memory, processor, power supply and other components.
  • the structure of the above display device does not constitute a limitation on the display device, and the display device may include more or less of the above components, or combine some components, or arrange different components.
  • the display device includes, but is not limited to, a display, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a wearable electronic device, a navigation display device, and the like.
  • the display device may be any product or component with a display function such as a TV, a monitor, a digital photo frame, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc., wherein the display device also includes a flexible circuit board, a printed circuit board, and a backplane.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a fingerprint identification method, which is applied to the fingerprint identification substrate as described above. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes:
  • Step 101 When the touch occurs, turn on the first point light source and the second point light source in sequence;
  • Step 102 When the second point light source is turned on, obtain the residual electrical signal of the second photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit.
  • the first photosensitive unit is located in the non-imaging area of the first point light source and is located in the The imaging area of the second point light source;
  • Step 103 Determine the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor according to the mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit and the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor;
  • Step 104 Obtain the detection electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor, and determine the fingerprint electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor according to the residual electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor and the detection electrical signal;
  • Step 105 Perform fingerprint identification according to the fingerprint electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor.
  • the photosensitive area of the first photosensitive sensor is larger than the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor.
  • the mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor and the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit is between the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor and the photosensitive area of the second photosensitive sensor
  • the proportional relationship is related.
  • each photosensitive unit includes a first photosensitive sensor and a second photosensitive sensor that are independent of each other.
  • the second photosensitive sensor is provided with a filter structure on the side facing the point light source, and the filter structure allows only light in the first direction to pass through.
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the base substrate.
  • the first photosensitive unit is located in the non-imaging area of the first point light source and the imaging area of the second point light source. Because the second photosensitive sensor in the first photosensitive unit faces the point light source A filter structure is provided on one side, and the filter structure only allows light in the first direction to pass. Therefore, when the second point light source is turned on, the light emitted by the second point light source and the light reflected by the fingerprint cannot illuminate the second light source. On the sensor, the electrical signal on the second photosensitive sensor is the residue of the electrical signal that is irradiated on the second photosensitive sensor when the first point light source is turned on. In this way, the second photosensitive sensor can be detected by detecting the electrical signal of the second photosensitive sensor.
  • the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor can be inferred. Perform electrical signal detection on the first photosensitive sensor.
  • the electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor is composed of the residual electrical signal and the fingerprint electrical signal, so that it can be determined according to the residual electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor and the detected electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor
  • the fingerprint electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor is further used for fingerprint identification according to the fingerprint electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor.
  • the fingerprint recognition substrate may be an OLED display substrate, and the point light sources are pixels of the OLED display substrate.
  • the fingerprint recognition substrate includes:
  • each photosensitive unit 5 located on the side of the base substrate 11 away from the pixels 10, each photosensitive unit 5 includes a first photosensitive sensor 3 and a second photosensitive sensor 4;
  • a quarter-wave plate 12 and a linear polarizer 13 are arranged between the second photosensitive sensor 4 and the base substrate 11.
  • the two adjacent point light sources are sequentially lit.
  • the first point light source is turned on, the light 14 in the first direction emitted by the first point light source directly hits the first light source directly below the point light source.
  • the first photosensitive unit includes a photosensitive sensor 3 and a second photosensitive sensor 4.
  • the first photosensitive unit is located in the non-imaging area of the first point light source. The electrical signal on the first photosensitive unit has no effect on the imaging data, but the first photosensitive unit has no effect on the imaging data.
  • the light emitted by a point light source will also cause the first photosensitive sensor 3 and the second photosensitive sensor 4 of the first photosensitive unit to generate electrical signals; when the second point light source is turned on, the first photosensitive unit is located at the second point light source In the imaging area of, the light emitted by the second point light source passes through the quarter wave plate 8 and the linear polarizer 7, and becomes circularly polarized light. After the circularly polarized light is reflected by the fingerprint 16, it is irradiated on the first photosensitive unit.
  • the electrical signal on the second photosensitive sensor 4 of the first photosensitive unit is the residual electrical signal generated when the first point light source is turned on;
  • the electric signal on the first photosensitive sensor 3 of a photosensitive unit is the residual electric signal lag generated when the first point light source is turned on + the fingerprint electric signal signal generated when the second point light source is turned on.
  • the mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor 3 and the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor 4 in the same photosensitive unit can be obtained in advance, and the first The residual electrical signal of the photosensitive sensor 3 can then be used to obtain the fingerprint electrical signal signal generated by the first photosensitive sensor 3 when the second point light source is turned on, thereby eliminating the influence of lag on imaging.
  • the mapping relationship between the residual electric signal of the second photosensitive sensor and the residual electric signal of the first photosensitive sensor in each photosensitive unit is acquired.
  • mapping relationship may include:
  • Step a Turn on a point light source and extinguish the point light source
  • Step b measuring the first residual electrical signal of the first photosensitive sensor of the second photosensitive unit, the second photosensitive unit being located in the non-imaging area of the point light source;
  • Step c measuring the second residual electrical signal of the second photosensitive sensor of the second photosensitive unit
  • Step d determining the mapping relationship of the second photosensitive unit according to the first residual electrical signal and the second residual electrical signal;
  • sequence number of each step cannot be used to limit the sequence of each step.
  • sequence of each step is changed without creative work. It is also within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Abstract

本公开提供了一种指纹识别基板及指纹识别方法、显示装置，属于指纹识别技术领域。指纹识别基板包括：衬底基板；设置在衬底基板上的至少一个点光源，用于发出信号光；设置在衬底基板背向点光源一侧的至少一个感光单元，用于接收被手指反射的信号光并识别指纹；每一感光单元包括相互独立的第一感光传感器和第二感光传感器，第二感光传感器朝向点光源的一侧设置有滤光结构，滤光结构仅允许第一方向的光通过，第一方向与衬底基板垂直。

Description

指纹识别基板及指纹识别方法、显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2020年2月24日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.202010112033.0的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及指纹识别技术领域，特别是指一种指纹识别基板及指纹识别方法、显示装置。
背景技术
当前移动消费中，电子指纹识别成为移动终端必不可少的一部分，指纹识别的点光源技术中，点亮一个点光源后，在感光传感器形成的图像包括两个区域，一个区域为非成像区域，此区域内指纹不成像，另一部分为成像区域，指纹可在此区域成像。想要得到完整的指纹图像，需要将非成像区填充，利用两个点光源来实现互补成像，进行图像的互补进而实现指纹成像，但是由于两个点光源部分成像区域互相重叠，需要分时进行点亮，而由于光学传感器存在残影问题(lag)，在第一个点光源点亮时，由于第一个点光源发出的光线直接照射到了感光传感器，在第二个点光源点亮时，会在光学传感器的成像区域残留很强的lag，影响成像效果，进而影响指纹识别的精度。
发明内容
本公开要解决的技术问题是提供一种指纹识别基板及指纹识别方法、显示装置，能够保证指纹识别的成像效果，提高指纹识别的精度。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开的实施例提供技术方案如下：
一方面，提供一种指纹识别基板，包括：
衬底基板；
设置在所述衬底基板上的至少一个点光源，用于发出信号光；
设置在所述衬底基板背向所述点光源一侧的至少一个感光单元，用于接 收被手指反射的所述信号光并识别指纹；
每一所述感光单元包括相互独立的第一感光传感器和第二感光传感器，所述第二感光传感器朝向所述点光源的一侧设置有滤光结构，所述滤光结构仅允许第一方向的光通过，所述第一方向与所述衬底基板垂直。
可选地，所述滤光结构包括层叠设置的1/4波片和线偏光片。
可选地，所述第一感光传感器的感光面积大于所述第二感光传感器的感光面积。
可选地，所述感光单元与所述点光源一一对应。
可选地，所述第一感光传感器和所述第二感光传感器为光电二极管，所述光电二极管包括阳极、阴极以及在阳极与阴极之间的本征层，所述第一感光传感器的阳极与所述第二感光传感器的阳极相互独立，所述第一感光传感器的本征层与所述第二感光传感器的本征层为一体结构。
可选地，所述指纹识别基板为有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED)显示基板，所述点光源为所述OLED显示基板的像素。
可选地，所述指纹识别基板的出光侧设置有位于封装薄膜上的1/4波片和线偏光片，用于将信号光转换为圆偏振光。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的指纹识别基板。
本公开实施例还提供了一种指纹识别方法，应用于如上所述的指纹识别基板，所述方法包括：
当触控发生时，依次点亮第一点光源和第二点光源；
在所述第二点光源点亮时，获取第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号，其中，所述第一感光单元位于所述第一点光源的非成像区域，位于所述第二点光源的成像区域；
根据第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系确定所述第一感光传感器的残留电信号；
获取所述第一感光传感器的检测电信号，根据所述第一感光传感器的残留电信号和所述检测电信号确定所述第一感光传感器的指纹电信号；
根据所述第一感光传感器的指纹电信号进行指纹识别。
可选地，所述第一感光传感器的感光面积大于所述第二感光传感器的感 光面积。
可选地，所述第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系与第二感光传感器的感光面积和所述第二感光传感器的感光面积之间的比例关系相关。
可选地，所述指纹识别方法还包括：
获取每一感光单元内，第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系。
可选地，获取所述映射关系包括：
步骤a、点亮一点光源，熄灭所述点光源；
步骤b、测量第二感光单元的第一感光传感器的第一残留电信号，所述第二感光单元位于所述点光源的非成像区域；
步骤c、测量所述第二感光单元的第二感光传感器的第二残留电信号；
步骤d、根据所述第一残留电信号和所述第二残留电信号确定所述第二感光单元的所述映射关系；
重复上述步骤a-d，直至获取所述指纹识别基板的所有感光单元的所述映射关系。
附图说明
图1和图2为利用点光源进行指纹成像的示意图；
图3为本公开实施例指纹识别基板的电路结构原理图；
图4为本公开实施例指纹识别基板的截面示意图；
图5为本公开实施例指纹识别方法的流程示意图。
附图标记
1 非成像区域
2 成像区域
3 第一光电传感器
4 第二光电传感器
5 感光单元
6 封装盖板
7、13 线偏光片
8、12 1/4波片
9 封装薄膜
10 像素
11 衬底基板
14 第一方向的光线
15 被指纹反射的光线
16 指纹
具体实施方式
为使本公开的实施例要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
指纹识别的点光源技术中，点亮一个点光源后，如图1所示，在感光传感器形成的图像包括两个区域，一个区域为非成像区域1，此区域内指纹不成像，另一部分为成像区域2，指纹可在此区域成像。想要得到完整的指纹图像，需要将非成像区域填充。
如图2所示，利用两个点光源来实现互补成像，进行图像的互补进而实现指纹成像。但是由于两个点光源部分成像区域互相重叠，需要分时进行点亮，依次点亮两个相邻的点光源，在第一个点光源点亮时，第一个点光源发出的光线将直接照射到位于第一点光源正下方的感光传感器，在该光学传感器的非成像区域上产生较大的电信号；在第二个点光源点亮时，之前的非成像区域转变为成像区域，之前非成像区域上产生的较大的电信号将会在成像区域残留很强的lag，影响成像效果，进而影响指纹识别的精度。
本公开的实施例提供一种指纹识别基板及指纹识别方法、显示装置，能够保证指纹识别的成像效果，提高指纹识别的精度。
本公开实施例提供了提供一种指纹识别基板，包括：
衬底基板；
设置在所述衬底基板上的至少一个点光源，用于发出信号光；
设置在所述衬底基板背向所述点光源一侧的至少一个感光单元，用于接 收被手指反射的所述信号光并识别指纹；
本实施例中，每一感光单元包括相互独立的第一感光传感器和第二感光传感器，第二感光传感器朝向点光源的一侧设置有滤光结构，滤光结构仅允许第一方向的光通过，第一方向与衬底基板垂直。
如图3所示，每一所述感光单元5包括相互独立的第一感光传感器3和第二感光传感器4，所述第二感光传感器朝向所述点光源的一侧设置有滤光结构，所述滤光结构仅允许第一方向的光通过，所述第一方向与所述衬底基板垂直。
当触控发生时，依次点亮第一点光源和第二点光源，第一点光源对应的非成像区域覆盖第二点光源对应的成像区域；在第二点光源点亮时，可以获取第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号，第一感光单元位于第一点光源的非成像区域，位于第二点光源的成像区域，由于第一感光单元内第二感光传感器朝向点光源的一侧设置有滤光结构，滤光结构仅允许第一方向的光通过，因此，在第二点光源点亮时，第二点光源发出的光线以及被指纹反射的光线不能照射到第二感光传感器上，第二感光传感器上的电信号是第一点光源点亮时照射到第二感光传感器上产生的电信号的残留，这样对第二感光传感器进行电信号检测，可以获得第二感光传感器的残留电信号，根据第二感光传感器的残留电信号可以推断出第一感光传感器的残留电信号。对第一感光传感器进行电信号检测，第一感光传感器的电信号由残留电信号和指纹电信号组成，这样根据第一感光传感器的残留电信号和检测得到的第一感光传感器的电信号可以确定第一感光传感器的指纹电信号，进而根据第一感光传感器的指纹电信号进行指纹识别。
通过本公开的技术方案能够保证指纹识别的成像效果，提高指纹识别的精度。
本实施例中，第一感光传感器用于指纹成像，第二感光传感器用于接收在第一次点亮点光源时点光源的直射光，进而形成lag，并在第二次点亮点光源时进行lag残留的推算，所以第二感光传感器的面积不用设置的过大，所述第一感光传感器的感光面积可以大于所述第二感光传感器的感光面积。
其中，所述感光单元可以与所述点光源一一对应，也可以是多个感光单 元对应一个点光源。
一具体示例中，如图3所示，所述第一感光传感器和所述第二感光传感器可以为光电二极管，所述光电二极管包括阳极、阴极以及在阳极与阴极之间的本征层，所述第一感光传感器的阳极与所述第二感光传感器的阳极相互独立，所述第一感光传感器的本征层与所述第二感光传感器的本征层为一体结构，这样可以尽可能增大感光单元的感光面积。
一具体示例中，所述指纹识别基板可以为有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED)显示基板，所述点光源为所述OLED显示基板的像素。如图4所示，指纹识别基板包括：
衬底基板11；
位于衬底基板11上的像素10；
覆盖像素10的封装薄膜9；
位于封装薄膜9上的1/4波片8和线偏光片7；
封装盖板6；
位于衬底基板11远离像素10一侧的多个感光单元5，每一感光单元5包括第一感光传感器3和第二感光传感器4；
其中，第二感光传感器4与衬底基板11之间设置有1/4波片12和线偏光片13。
本实施例中，由于所述指纹识别基板的出光侧设置有1/4波片和线偏光片，因此，滤光结构可以采用层叠设置的1/4波片和线偏光片，用于将信号光转换为圆偏振光。在指纹识别基板采用其他结构时，滤光结构还可以采用其他结构，比如光栅等，只要能够满足仅允许第一方向的光通过即可。
在发生触摸时，依次点亮相邻的两个点光源，在点亮第一个点光源时，第一点光源发出的第一方向的光线14直接射到该点光源正下方的第一感光单元上，第一感光单元包括感光传感器3和第二感光传感器4，第一感光单元位于第一个点光源的非成像区域，第一感光单元上的电信号对成像数据并无影响，但第一个点光源发出的光线也会使得第一感光单元的第一感光传感器3和第二感光传感器4产生电信号；在点亮第二个点光源时，第一感光单元位于第二个点光源的成像区域，其中，第二个点光源发出的光线经过1/4 波片8和线偏光片7后，变成了圆偏光，圆偏光被指纹16反射后，照射到第一感光单元上，由于第二感光传感器4的上方设置有1/4波片12和线偏光片13，因此会阻挡这部分圆偏光，这部分圆偏光只会照射到第一感光单元的第一感光传感器3上。这时候(第一个点光源熄灭，第二个点光源点亮)，第一感光单元的第二感光传感器4上的电信号为点亮第一个点光源时产生的残留电信号；而第一感光单元的第一感光传感器3上的电信号为点亮第一个点光源时产生的残留电信号lag+点亮第二个点光源时产生的指纹电信号signal。可以预先获取第一感光传感器3的残留电信号与同一感光单元内第二感光传感器4的残留电信号之间的映射关系，根据该映射关系由第二感光传感器4的残留电信号推算出第一感光传感器3的残留电信号，进而可以得到第一感光传感器3在点亮第二个点光源时产生的指纹电信号signal，这样就消除了lag对成像的影响。
所述第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系与第二感光传感器的感光面积和所述第二感光传感器的感光面积之间的比例关系相关。
可以在指纹识别基板出厂时获取上述映射关系，具体地，可以将指纹识别基板调整为点光源发射，点亮一个点光源，然后熄灭，记录位于该点光源的非成像区域的感光单元的第一感光传感器3和第二感光传感器4的残留电信号，得到该感光单元的该映射关系；遍历所有点光源和所有感光单元，得到所有感光单元的该映射关系。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的指纹识别基板。该显示装置包括但不限于：射频单元、网络模块、音频输出单元、输入单元、传感器、显示单元、用户输入单元、接口单元、存储器、处理器、以及电源等部件。本领域技术人员可以理解，上述显示装置的结构并不构成对显示装置的限定，显示装置可以包括上述更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。在本公开实施例中，显示装置包括但不限于显示器、手机、平板电脑、电视机、可穿戴电子设备、导航显示设备等。
所述显示装置可以为：电视、显示器、数码相框、手机、平板电脑等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件，其中，所述显示装置还包括柔性电路板、印 刷电路板和背板。
本公开实施例还提供了一种指纹识别方法，应用于如上所述的指纹识别基板，如图5所示，所述方法包括：
步骤101：当触控发生时，依次点亮第一点光源和第二点光源；
步骤102：在所述第二点光源点亮时，获取第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号，所述第一感光单元位于所述第一点光源的非成像区域，位于所述第二点光源的成像区域；
步骤103：根据第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系确定所述第一感光传感器的残留电信号；
步骤104：获取所述第一感光传感器的检测电信号，根据所述第一感光传感器的残留电信号和所述检测电信号确定所述第一感光传感器的指纹电信号；
步骤105：根据所述第一感光传感器的指纹电信号进行指纹识别。
所述第一感光传感器的感光面积大于所述第二感光传感器的感光面积。
所述第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系与第二感光传感器的感光面积和所述第二感光传感器的感光面积之间的比例关系相关。
本实施例中，每一感光单元包括相互独立的第一感光传感器和第二感光传感器，第二感光传感器朝向点光源的一侧设置有滤光结构，滤光结构仅允许第一方向的光通过，第一方向与衬底基板垂直。当触控发生时，依次点亮第一点光源和第二点光源，第一点光源对应的非成像区域覆盖第二点光源对应的成像区域；在第二点光源点亮时，可以获取第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号，第一感光单元位于第一点光源的非成像区域，位于第二点光源的成像区域，由于第一感光单元内第二感光传感器朝向点光源的一侧设置有滤光结构，滤光结构仅允许第一方向的光通过，因此，在第二点光源点亮时，第二点光源发出的光线以及被指纹反射的光线不能照射到第二感光传感器上，第二感光传感器上的电信号是第一点光源点亮时照射到第二感光传感器上产生的电信号的残留，这样对第二感光传感器进行电信号检测，可 以获得第二感光传感器的残留电信号，根据第二感光传感器的残留电信号可以推断出第一感光传感器的残留电信号。对第一感光传感器进行电信号检测，第一感光传感器的电信号由残留电信号和指纹电信号组成，这样根据第一感光传感器的残留电信号和检测得到的第一感光传感器的电信号可以确定第一感光传感器的指纹电信号，进而根据第一感光传感器的指纹电信号进行指纹识别。通过本公开的技术方案能够保证指纹识别的成像效果，提高指纹识别的精度。
一具体示例中，所述指纹识别基板可以为OLED显示基板，所述点光源为所述OLED显示基板的像素。如图4所示，指纹识别基板包括：
衬底基板11；
位于衬底基板11上的像素10；
覆盖像素10的封装薄膜9；
位于封装薄膜9上的1/4波片8和线偏光片7；
封装盖板6；
位于衬底基板11远离像素10一侧的多个感光单元5，每一感光单元5包括第一感光传感器3和第二感光传感器4；
其中，第二感光传感器4与衬底基板11之间设置有1/4波片12和线偏光片13。
在发生触摸时，依次点亮相邻的两个点光源，在点亮第一个点光源时，第一点光源发出的第一方向的光线14直接射到该点光源正下方的第一感光单元上，第一感光单元包括感光传感器3和第二感光传感器4，第一感光单元位于第一个点光源的非成像区域，第一感光单元上的电信号对成像数据并无影响，但第一个点光源发出的光线也会使得第一感光单元的第一感光传感器3和第二感光传感器4产生电信号；在点亮第二个点光源时，第一感光单元位于第二个点光源的成像区域，其中，第二个点光源发出的光线经过1/4波片8和线偏光片7后，变成了圆偏光，圆偏光被指纹16反射后，照射到第一感光单元上，由于第二感光传感器4的上方设置有1/4波片12和线偏光片13，因此会阻挡这部分圆偏光，这部分圆偏光只会照射到第一感光单元的第一感光传感器3上。这时候(第一个点光源熄灭，第二个点光源点亮)，第一 感光单元的第二感光传感器4上的电信号为点亮第一个点光源时产生的残留电信号；而第一感光单元的第一感光传感器3上的电信号为点亮第一个点光源时产生的残留电信号lag+点亮第二个点光源时产生的指纹电信号signal。可以预先获取第一感光传感器3的残留电信号与同一感光单元内第二感光传感器4的残留电信号之间的映射关系，根据该映射关系由第二感光传感器4的残留电信号推算出第一感光传感器3的残留电信号，进而可以得到第一感光传感器3在点亮第二个点光源时产生的指纹电信号signal，这样就消除了lag对成像的影响。
本实施例的指纹识别方法还包括：
获取每一感光单元内，第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系。
具体地，获取所述映射关系可以包括：
步骤a、点亮一点光源，熄灭所述点光源；
步骤b、测量第二感光单元的第一感光传感器的第一残留电信号，所述第二感光单元位于所述点光源的非成像区域；
步骤c、测量所述第二感光单元的第二感光传感器的第二残留电信号；
步骤d、根据所述第一残留电信号和所述第二残留电信号确定所述第二感光单元的所述映射关系；
重复上述步骤a-d，直至获取所述指纹识别基板的所有感光单元的所述映射关系。
在本公开各方法实施例中，所述各步骤的序号并不能用于限定各步骤的先后顺序，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，对各步骤的先后变化也在本公开的保护范围之内。
需要说明，本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于实施例而言，由于其基本相似于产品实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见产品实施例的部分说明即可。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、 “第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”，或者可以存在中间元件。
在上述实施方式的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种指纹识别基板，包括：
    衬底基板；
    设置在所述衬底基板上的至少一个点光源，用于发出信号光；
    设置在所述衬底基板背向所述点光源一侧的至少一个感光单元，用于接收被手指反射的所述信号光并识别指纹；
    每一所述感光单元包括相互独立的第一感光传感器和第二感光传感器，所述第二感光传感器朝向所述点光源的一侧设置有滤光结构，所述滤光结构仅允许第一方向的光通过，所述第一方向与所述衬底基板垂直。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别基板，其中，所述滤光结构包括层叠设置的1/4波片和线偏光片。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别基板，其中，
    所述第一感光传感器的感光面积大于所述第二感光传感器的感光面积。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别基板，其中，所述感光单元与所述点光源一一对应。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别基板，其中，所述第一感光传感器和所述第二感光传感器为光电二极管，所述光电二极管包括阳极、阴极以及在阳极与阴极之间的本征层，所述第一感光传感器的阳极与所述第二感光传感器的阳极相互独立，所述第一感光传感器的本征层与所述第二感光传感器的本征层为一体结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别基板，其中，所述指纹识别基板为有机发光二极管(OLED)显示基板，所述点光源为所述OLED显示基板的像素。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别基板，其中，所述指纹识别基板的出光侧设置有位于封装薄膜上的1/4波片和线偏光片，用于将信号光转换为圆偏振光。
  8. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的指纹识别基板。
  9. 一种指纹识别方法，应用于如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的指纹识别基板，包括：
    当触控发生时，依次点亮第一点光源和第二点光源；
    在所述第二点光源点亮时，获取第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号，其中，所述第一感光单元位于所述第一点光源的非成像区域，位于所述第二点光源的成像区域；
    根据第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系，确定所述第一感光传感器的残留电信号；
    获取所述第一感光传感器的检测电信号，根据所述第一感光传感器的残留电信号和所述检测电信号确定所述第一感光传感器的指纹电信号；
    根据所述第一感光传感器的指纹电信号进行指纹识别。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的指纹识别方法，其中，所述第一感光传感器的感光面积大于所述第二感光传感器的感光面积。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的指纹识别方法，其中，所述第一感光单元内第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系与第二感光传感器的感光面积和所述第二感光传感器的感光面积之间的比例关系相关。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的指纹识别方法，还包括：
    获取每一感光单元内，第二感光传感器的残留电信号与第一感光传感器的残留电信号之间的映射关系。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的指纹识别方法，其中，获取所述映射关系包括：
    步骤a、点亮一点光源，熄灭所述点光源；
    步骤b、测量第二感光单元的第一感光传感器的第一残留电信号，所述第二感光单元位于所述点光源的非成像区域；
    步骤c、测量所述第二感光单元的第二感光传感器的第二残留电信号；
    步骤d、根据所述第一残留电信号和所述第二残留电信号确定所述第二感光单元的所述映射关系；
    重复上述步骤a-d，直至获取所述指纹识别基板的所有感光单元的所述映射关系。
PCT/CN2021/077256 2020-02-24 2021-02-22 指纹识别基板及指纹识别方法、显示装置 WO2021169919A1 (zh)

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