WO2021169746A1

WO2021169746A1 - 3d printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint

Info

Publication number: WO2021169746A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/074799
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王奉涛; 王新家; 杨守华; 郭嘉楠; 蔡雄航
Original assignee: 汕头大学; 汕头大学医学院第二附属医院
Priority date: 2020-02-24
Filing date: 2021-02-02
Publication date: 2021-09-02
Also published as: CN111317597A; CN111317597B

Abstract

A 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint, comprising an upper combination body (1), a nucleus pulposus (2) and a lower combination body (3); the upper combination body (1) and the lower combination body (3) form a vertically symmetric structure, the nucleus pulposus (2) comprises an upper spherical surface (4), reinforcing ribs (5), a lower spherical surface (6), and a connecting column for connecting the upper spherical surface (4) and the lower spherical surface (6), and the reinforcing ribs (5) are provided between the upper spherical surface (4), the lower spherical surface (6) and the connecting column; the upper combination body (1) comprises an upper vertebral body (11) and an upper end plate (12), the lower combination body (3) comprises a lower vertebral body (31) and a lower end plate (32), recesses (9, 10) fitting the shapes of the upper spherical surface (4) and the lower spherical surface (6) are provided on opposite surfaces of the upper end plate (12) and the lower end plate (32), and lateral fixing holes (8) are provided on a side edge of the upper surface of the upper vertebral body (11) and a side edge of the lower surface of the lower vertebral body (31). The structures of the upper and lower combination bodies and the nucleus pulposus can effectively solve the problems of heterotopic ossification and interbody fusion between upper and lower vertebral bodies occurring after the conventional artificial cervical intervertebral disc prosthetic replacement surgery, and have high operability and safety.

Description

A 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical prostheses and 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint.

Background technique

In recent years, the incidence of cervical spine diseases in my country has been increasing year by year and tends to be younger. According to statistics, there are hundreds of millions of people suffering from cervical spine diseases in my country. The cervical spine has a total of 7 cervical vertebrae and 6 intervertebral discs. It is the most complicated and special part of the spine. It not only has to bear head load, but also has to perform flexion, extension, and rotation activities in multiple directions, making it the most vulnerable to strain and strain. The cervical intervertebral disc is mainly composed of the upper endplate, the nucleus pulposus, and the lower endplate. It is the main connection method between the vertebral bodies. Its physiological function is to cushion shock, maintain the sequence of the vertebral body and increase the mobility of the cervical spine. Due to natural aging , Neck pressure and stress, cervical intervertebral discs will be damaged or degenerated. Loss of intervertebral disc height or nucleus pulposus can cause cervical spinal cord or spinal nerve root compression, causing neck pain, numbness or violent unilateral upper limbs or hands A series of clinical symptoms such as pain and weakness of the upper limbs can cause paraplegia in severe cases. For the treatment of cervical spondylosis, artificial cervical disc replacement is a new method for the treatment of cervical disc disease in recent years. The existing artificial cervical disc prosthesis only replaces the diseased or degenerated cervical disc, and removes a small amount of the vertebral body. Thin layer of bone tissue to facilitate the implantation of artificial cervical intervertebral discs, due to the small osteotomy range of the upper and lower vertebrae, the hyperplastic osteophytes were not removed, and the tissue secreting osteoinductive factors was not completely removed, resulting in heterotopic ossification after surgery. At the same time, the hardened bone of the subchondral endplate is not completely removed, which will affect the healing of the prosthesis and cause dislocation. Narrow intervertebral space can easily lead to fusion of the upper and lower vertebral bodies.

3D printing technology is a kind of rapid prototyping technology. It is a technology that first establishes a three-dimensional digital model file through computer modeling software, and then slices the built model, and instructs the printer to stack layer by layer to construct the entity of the model. The materials used are mainly powdery Bondable materials such as metal or plastic. With the development of 3D printing technology and biomedical technology, 3D printing technology will be widely used in the biomedical industry. Aiming at the aforementioned artificial cervical intervertebral discs, the existing artificial cervical intervertebral discs on the market are in a single form. Every patient There are differences in the shape of the cervical endplates. It is impossible to match the physiological parameters of all patients with a ready-made standard implant, and it is difficult to adapt to individual needs and flexible manufacturing requirements.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint. It can solve the problems of heterotopic ossification, prosthesis dislocation, upper and lower vertebral body fusion, and personalized matching after the existing artificial cervical intervertebral disc replacement.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide a 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint, including an upper joint, a nucleus pulposus, and a lower joint. The upper joint and the lower joint are up-down symmetrical structures. The nucleus pulposus includes an upper spherical surface, a reinforcing rib, a lower spherical surface, and a connecting column connecting the upper spherical surface and the lower spherical surface. The reinforcing ribs are arranged between the upper spherical surface, the lower spherical surface and the connecting column; The body includes an upper vertebral body and an upper endplate. The lower combined body includes a lower vertebral body and a lower endplate. Opposite surfaces of the upper endplate and the lower endplate are provided with shapes matching the upper and lower spherical surfaces. Concave surface, the upper surface of the upper vertebral body and the lower surface side of the lower vertebral body are provided with lateral fixing holes.

Wherein, the upper surface of the upper vertebral body and the lower surface of the lower vertebral body are provided with a plurality of cylindrical small holes, and the plurality of cylindrical small holes are used for loading osteoinductive factors.

Wherein, the fixing holes are a pair.

Wherein, there is a step between the upper vertebral body and the upper endplate, and there is a step between the lower vertebral body and the lower endplate.

Implementing the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention effectively solves the problems of heterotopic ossification and fusion between the upper and lower vertebral bodies after the traditional artificial cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis replacement surgery in the past.

(2) Compared with the structure of traditional artificial cervical intervertebral discs, the present invention innovatively designs artificial cervical intervertebral joints, adopts the idea of integral replacement, greatly improves the operability and safety of the operation, and removes the upper and lower cervical vertebrae. One-third of the vertebral body structure is equipped with artificial cervical intervertebral joints, which greatly reduces postoperative endplate sclerosis and cervical disc dislocation.

(3) The present invention combines the latest cutting-edge technology and uses 3D printing technology to manufacture artificial cervical intervertebral joints. 3D printing bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joints can just solve the above-mentioned problems of high price and size mismatch. At the same time, the elasticity, density and porosity of the 3D prosthesis The trabecular bone structure can be simulated to optimize the structure of the prosthesis.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is an exploded view of the structure of the invention;

Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the upper combined body of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a top view of the lower combined body of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a front view of the nucleus pulposus of the present invention

In the figure: 1 upper combination; 2 nucleus pulposus; 3 lower combination; 4 upper spherical surface; 5 stiffeners; 6 lower spherical surface.

7 cylindrical holes; 8 fixed holes; 9 concave; 10 concave; 11 upper cone; 12 upper end plate; 31 lower cone; 32 lower end plate.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Refer to the structural diagram shown in Figures 1-4.

A 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint according to an embodiment of the present invention includes three parts: an upper joint body 1, a nucleus pulposus 2, a lower joint body 3; The connecting column of the upper spherical surface and the lower spherical surface.

The upper combined body and the lower combined body are up and down symmetrical structures.

The upper vertebral body 11 is provided with a cylindrical hole 7; a fixing hole 8; 9 convex surface; the upper joint body 1 includes an upper cone 11 and an upper end plate 12; the lower joint body 3 and the upper joint 1 have the same The structure includes a lower vertebral body 31 and a lower end plate 32. The lower vertebral body 31 is provided with a cylindrical small hole 7, a fixing hole 8 and a concave surface 10.

Cylindrical small holes 7 are provided on the upper surface of the upper vertebral body and the lower surface of the lower vertebral body, and are used for loading osteoinductive factors.

The fixing holes 8 are provided on the upper surface of the upper vertebral body and the lateral direction of the lower surface of the lower vertebral body, and are a pair.

There is a step between the upper vertebral body and the upper endplate, and there is a step between the lower vertebral body and the lower endplate, so that there is enough space when the upper combined body 1 and the lower combined body 3 move around the nucleus pulposus 2.

As shown in Figure 3, from the top view of the lower joint body 3, it can be seen that the overall structure of the lower joint body 3 is exactly the same as that of the upper joint body 1. The upper and lower joint bodies of the same structure are used as the main part of the artificial intervertebral joint, which can optimize the artificial vertebra The design process of the intervertebral joint and the reduction of the 3D printing design process and the manufacturing cost. Combined with human body morphology and mechanics, it can be known that the same structure of the upper and lower vertebral bodies can improve the stability and reliability of the artificial intervertebral joint.

As shown in Figure 4, the nucleus pulposus 2 includes an upper spherical surface 4, a reinforcing rib 5 and a lower spherical surface 6. The reinforcing ribs are arranged between the upper spherical surface, the lower spherical surface and the connecting column. The upper spherical surface is adopted in combination with the mobility of the human cervical spine and the load requirements. 4 The same structure as the lower spherical surface 6, which is designed as a spherical arc surface. The spherical arc surface can reduce the wear of the main body of the nucleus pulposus, because the nucleus pulposus is a highly movable unit of motion, which will be affected in different directions during the intense movement of the human neck In the compression of the load, therefore, adding a reinforcing rib 5 between the upper spherical surface 4 and the lower spherical surface 6 can provide the compressive and load-resistant capacity of the nucleus pulposus 2 while improving the high flexibility and strength of the nucleus pulposus movement.

The artificial cervical intervertebral joint of the present invention is ingenious in design and simple to manufacture. The upper spherical surface 4 of the nucleus pulposus 2 is matched with the concave surface 9 inside the upper final plate 12 to realize the combination of the upper half of the artificial cervical vertebra joint. The spherical surface 6 is combined with the concave surface 10 inside the lower joint body to realize the combination of the lower half of the artificial cervical vertebra joint. The upper spherical surface 4 can perform 360-degree rotation in the concave surface 9. Similarly, the lower spherical surface 6 can be on the concave surface. The inside of 10 carries out a full range of rotational movement. During the movement of the nucleus pulposus 2, there is always the support and protection of the reinforcing ribs 5, which can improve the strength of the exercise and the service life of the nucleus pulposus 2. The upper vertebral body 11 and the lower vertebral body 31 are connected with the human cervical vertebral body through the fixing hole 8, and the connection method is simple and the strength is reliable.

The present invention can be used in the surgical treatment of a variety of artificial intervertebral joints. For different individual cervical intervertebral discs and cervical vertebrae structures, the 3D printing process can be adjusted according to the present invention to achieve individual needs and expand the application range of artificial cervical intervertebral joints. The majority of patients bring the gospel.

What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Of course, the scope of rights of the present invention cannot be limited by this. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

A 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint, which is characterized in that it comprises an upper combined body, a nucleus pulposus, and a lower combined body. Ribs, a lower spherical surface, a connecting column connecting the upper spherical surface and the lower spherical surface, the reinforcing ribs are arranged between the upper spherical surface, the lower spherical surface and the connecting column; the upper combined body includes an upper vertebral body and an upper end The lower combined body includes a lower vertebral body and a lower end plate, and the opposite surfaces of the upper end plate and the lower end plate are provided with a concave surface that matches the shape of the upper and lower spherical surfaces. The upper surface and the lower surface side of the lower vertebral body are provided with lateral fixing holes.
The 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the upper vertebral body and the lower surface of the lower vertebral body are provided with a plurality of cylindrical holes, and the plurality of cylindrical holes are used for Load osteoinductive factors.
The 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint according to claim 1, wherein the fixing holes are a pair.
The 3D printed bionic artificial cervical intervertebral joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein there is a step between the upper vertebral body and the upper endplate, and between the lower vertebral body and the lower endplate Has a ladder.