WO2021164024A1 - 物品定位方法、终端、无源rfid标签及rfid读卡器 - Google Patents

物品定位方法、终端、无源rfid标签及rfid读卡器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021164024A1
WO2021164024A1 PCT/CN2020/076266 CN2020076266W WO2021164024A1 WO 2021164024 A1 WO2021164024 A1 WO 2021164024A1 CN 2020076266 W CN2020076266 W CN 2020076266W WO 2021164024 A1 WO2021164024 A1 WO 2021164024A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rfid tag
terminal
passive rfid
passive
card reader
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PCT/CN2020/076266
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邵帅
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Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/076266 priority Critical patent/WO2021164024A1/zh
Priority to CN202080086695.3A priority patent/CN114830125A/zh
Publication of WO2021164024A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021164024A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to an item positioning method, terminal, passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and RFID card reader.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • An RFID-based item identification and tracking system includes one or more RFID readers, reader antennas, a server connected to the reader, and a large number of passive RFID tags attached to the tracked items.
  • Passive RFID tags can be divided into two parts, the tag antenna and the tag chip. Because the passive RFID tag adopts the principle of backscatter communication, the tag chip uses the energy collected from the RFID reader to operate, so the passive RFID tag does not need to carry a battery, the tag is small in size, and it is convenient to attach or clip in the article. No need to recharge or replace the battery.
  • Passive RFID tags using the backscatter communication principle are low in cost, small in size, and do not require post-maintenance. Its application scenarios are not limited to toB logistics tracking, but can also be extended to toC item tracking.
  • the biggest application problem of the RFID-based item identification and tracking system is the reading distance of the passive RFID tag, and the reading distance of the passive RFID tag is usually less than 10 meters. This distance is defined as the distance between the passive RFID tag and the reader antenna.
  • the method that can effectively increase the reading distance is to use a multi-reader antenna. Although this solution can increase the reading distance, the cost is high, and it does not substantially increase the reading distance between the reader antenna and the passive RFID tag. .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an article positioning method, terminal, passive RFID tag, and RFID card reader to solve the technical problem in related technologies that cannot substantially increase the reading distance of passive RFID tags, thereby effectively improving the The reading distance of the source RFID tag.
  • an article positioning method including:
  • the terminal transmits a continuous wave CW to a passive radio frequency identification RFID tag, where the CW is used to provide energy for the RFID tag, the passive RFID tag is set on an article, and the energy is used for the RFID reader and the RFID tag.
  • the passive RFID tag locates the article based on backscatter communication.
  • an article positioning method including:
  • the passive radio frequency identification RFID tag receives a continuous wave CW, where the CW is used to provide energy for the RFID tag, the CW comes from a terminal, and the RFID tag is set on an article;
  • the passive RFID tag performs backscatter communication with an RFID reader based on the energy to locate the item.
  • an article positioning method including:
  • the radio frequency identification RFID card reader and the passive RFID tag locate the object based on backscatter communication, wherein the passive RFID tag is provided on the object, and the passive RFID tag is powered by the continuous wave CW emitted by the terminal.
  • a terminal including:
  • the transmitting module is used to transmit a continuous wave CW to a passive radio frequency identification RFID tag, where the CW is used to provide energy for the RFID tag, the passive RFID tag is set on an article, and the energy is used for RFID reading
  • the card device and the passive RFID tag locate the item based on backscatter communication.
  • a passive RFID tag including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive continuous wave CW, where the CW is used to provide energy for the passive RFID tag, the CW comes from a terminal, and the passive RFID tag is set on an article;
  • the communication module is used to perform backscatter communication with the RFID card reader based on the energy to locate the article.
  • an RFID card reader including:
  • the positioning module is used to locate an object based on backscatter communication with a passive RFID tag, wherein the passive RFID tag is provided on the object, and the passive RFID tag is powered by a continuous wave CW emitted by the terminal.
  • a terminal including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method in the above-mentioned first aspect or each of its implementation modes.
  • a passive RFID tag which includes a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method in the second aspect or its implementation manners.
  • an RFID card reader which includes a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, and execute the method in the third aspect or its implementation manners.
  • a chip which is used to implement any one of the foregoing first to third aspects or the method in each of its implementation manners.
  • the chip includes: a processor, configured to call and run a computer program from the memory, so that the device installed with the chip executes any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects or any of the implementations thereof method.
  • a storage medium for storing a computer program that enables a computer to execute any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects or the method in each implementation manner thereof.
  • a computer program product including computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute any one of the first to third aspects above or the method in each implementation manner thereof.
  • a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects or the method in each implementation manner thereof.
  • the CW transmitted by the terminal to the passive RFID tag provides energy for the passive RFID tag, so that the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the sensitivity of the RF receiver in the passive RFID tag. Since the sensitivity of the RF receiver is higher than that of the rectifier, it can effectively increase the reading distance of passive RFID tags.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive RFID tag applied in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a first method for positioning an article according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a second method for positioning an article according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a third method for positioning an article according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a fourth method for positioning an article according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an item tracking system for increasing the reading distance of a passive RFID tag provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a passive RFID tag provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an RFID card reader provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip of an embodiment of the present application.
  • terminal equipment used here includes but is not limited to connection via wired lines, such as via Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTN), Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), digital cable, and direct cable connection ; And/or another data connection/network; and/or via a wireless interface, such as for cellular networks, wireless local area networks (WLAN), digital TV networks such as DVB-H networks, satellite networks, AM- FM broadcast transmitter; and/or another terminal device that is set to receive/send communication signals; and/or Internet of Things (IoT) equipment.
  • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Networks
  • DSL Digital Subscriber Line
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • TV networks such as DVB-H networks
  • satellite networks such as DVB-H networks
  • AM- FM broadcast transmitter AM- FM broadcast transmitter
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • a terminal device set to communicate through a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal", a “wireless terminal” or a “mobile terminal”.
  • mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular phones; Personal Communications System (PCS) terminals that can combine cellular radio phones with data processing, fax, and data communication capabilities; can include radio phones, pagers, Internet/intranet PDA with internet access, web browser, memo pad, calendar, and/or Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver; and conventional laptop and/or palmtop receivers or others including radio telephone transceivers Electronic device.
  • PCS Personal Communications System
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • Terminal equipment can refer to access terminals, user equipment (UE), user units, user stations, mobile stations, mobile stations, remote stations, remote terminals, mobile equipment, user terminals, terminals, wireless communication equipment, user agents, or User device.
  • the access terminal can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (Wireless Local Loop, WLL) station, a personal digital processing (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), with wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, or terminal devices in the future evolution of PLMN, etc.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • WLL Wireless Local Loop
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • D2D communication may be performed between terminal devices.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive RFID tag applied in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the passive RFID tag is divided into two parts, a tag antenna and a tag chip.
  • Passive RFID tags use the principle of backscatter to communicate between passive RFID tags and RFID readers. So there is no transmitter in the tag chip.
  • the energy to run the tag chip comes from the energy collected by the tag antenna from the energy emitted by the RFID reader.
  • the tag chip is divided into two parts. One part is a rectifier circuit that converts AC RF energy into direct current (DC). The DC voltage output by this circuit supplies energy for the tag chip.
  • the other part is the RF receiver, which decodes the signal collected from the tag antenna.
  • the logic circuit of the chip realizes the encoding of the scattered signal by connecting and disconnecting the antenna to ground, so as to feed the information back to the RFID reader.
  • the RFID-based item identification and tracking system is a passive RFID system, which is a two-way communication system. According to the Friis transmission formula, the energy received by a passive RFID tag can be expressed as formula 1.
  • G reader is the reader antenna gain
  • G tag is the tag antenna gain
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the emitted energy
  • D is the distance between the reader antenna and the tag antenna.
  • Equation 2 the energy received by the reader antenna can be expressed as Equation 2.
  • ⁇ is the backscatter loss based on the tag antenna characteristics. Put formula 3 and formula 1 into formula 2. Formula 4 can be obtained.
  • the reading distance of a passive RFID tag is proportional to the sensitivity of the RF receiver. Sensitivity is the lowest energy that can make the tag chip work normally. It can be seen from formula 1 and formula 4 that the better the sensitivity (the lower the value), the longer the reading distance. Table 1 shows the sensitivity of the tag chip of several common passive RFID tags.
  • the sensitivity of the tag chip of the passive RFID tag is between -20 and -24 dBm.
  • the sensitivity of a common RFID reader is -80dBm. Since the sensitivity of the RFID reader is much higher than the sensitivity of the tag chip, formula 1 is used to calculate the reading distance. It can be seen that the reading distance of a passive RFID system is mainly limited by the sensitivity of the tag chip.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a first method for positioning an article according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes:
  • S202 The terminal transmits a continuous wave (Continuous Wave, CW) to a passive radio frequency identification RFID tag, where the CW is used to provide energy for the RFID tag, the passive RFID tag is set on the article, and the energy is used for RFID card reading
  • CW Continuous Wave
  • the passive RFID tag is set on the article, and the energy is used for RFID card reading
  • the sensors and passive RFID tags locate items based on backscatter communication.
  • the reading distance of a passive RFID tag is limited by the sensitivity of the tag chip.
  • the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the minimum energy (ie, the sensitivity of the rectifier) that allows the logic circuit of the chip to operate normally, rather than the sensitivity of the RF receiver.
  • the CW transmitted by the terminal to the passive RFID tag provides energy for the passive RFID tag, so that the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the sensitivity of the RF receiver in the passive RFID tag. Since the sensitivity of the RF receiver is higher than that of the rectifier, it can effectively increase the reading distance of passive RFID tags.
  • the terminal in this method may be a smart terminal, for example, may be some smart terminals such as smart phones, smart cars, drones, and robots.
  • the method before the terminal transmits the CW to the passive RFID tag, the method further includes: the terminal selects the frequency of the CW.
  • the terminal selects the frequency of the CW.
  • the terminal can be selected from the range of frequencies that can be provided by the radio frequency components in the terminal.
  • the frequency range that the radio frequency component of the terminal can provide can be reduced, that is, it can be selected in a relatively small range. The determination of a small range can be determined based on experience, or can be obtained based on experiments, and can be flexibly selected based on specific conditions.
  • the terminal selects the CW frequency, in order to avoid the influence on the communication involved in the positioning process, it can first obtain the communication frequency of the communication involved in the positioning process, and select the frequency of the CW according to the communication frequency, for example, Choose the frequency of CW by avoiding the communication frequency.
  • the terminal can obtain the communication frequency of the RFID reader and the passive RFID tag for the reflection and scattering communication;
  • the terminal selects the frequency of CW according to the communication frequency.
  • the frequency of the selected CW avoids the communication frequency of the backscatter communication between the RFID reader and the passive RFID tag, the CW sent by the terminal to the passive RFID will not be reversed. Scattered communications cause interference.
  • the backscatter communication between the RFID reader and the passive RFID tag involves the scattering signal sent by the RFID reader to the passive RFID tag, and the corresponding signal sent by the passive RFID tag to the RFID reader.
  • the feedback signal is to avoid the interference to the backscatter communication, it is necessary to avoid the interference to the scattered signal and the feedback signal respectively.
  • the terminal may receive feedback information from the RFID card reader, where the feedback information is used to indicate the RFID Whether the reader detects the passive RFID tag; after that, the terminal displays the feedback information, where the displayed feedback information is used to pass the mobile RFID reader's Orientation to finally locate the passive RFID tag. That is, the terminal acts as a display to direct the RFID reader to locate the passive RFID tag, that is, to locate the object. It should be noted that whether the RFID reader detects a passive RFID tag here can be that the RFID reader sends a scattering signal to the passive RFID, but it does not receive the feedback signal returned by the passive RFID tag to the RFID reader .
  • the reason for the above non-detection may be that the distance between the RFID reader and the passive RFID tag is not within the reading distance. Therefore, the position of the RFID reader can be moved to make the RFID reader and the passive RFID The distance between the tags is within the reading distance, so that the RFID reader can detect (ie locate) the passive RFID tag.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of the article positioning method 2 provided by the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes:
  • the passive radio frequency identification RFID tag receives continuous wave CW, where the CW is used to provide energy for the RFID tag, the CW comes from the terminal, and the RFID tag is set on the article;
  • S304 The passive RFID tag performs backscatter communication with the RFID reader based on energy to locate the item.
  • the reading distance of a passive RFID tag is limited by the sensitivity of the tag chip.
  • the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the minimum energy (ie, the sensitivity of the rectifier) that allows the logic circuit of the chip to operate normally, rather than the sensitivity of the RF receiver.
  • the CW transmitted by the passive RFID tag receiving terminal is used to provide energy, instead of the energy provided by the signal sent by the RFID reader to the passive RFID tag, so that the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the passive RFID tag.
  • the sensitivity of the RF receiver Since the sensitivity of the RF receiver is higher than that of the rectifier, it can effectively increase the reading distance of passive RFID tags.
  • the passive RFID tag performing backscatter communication with the RFID reader based on energy to locate the item may include: the passive RFID tag receives a scattered signal, where the scattered signal comes from the RFID reader; RFID Based on energy, the tag sends a feedback signal of scattered signals to the RFID reader, where the feedback signal is used for the RFID reader to locate the item.
  • the RFID tag analyzes the scattered signal sent by the RFID reader based on the energy provided by the CW transmitted by the terminal, obtains the corresponding feedback signal, and sends the obtained feedback signal to the RFID reader, and the RFID reader is based on the feedback The signal locates the passive RFID tag.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of the article positioning method 3 provided by the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 4, the method includes:
  • the radio frequency identification RFID card reader and the passive RFID tag locate the article based on backscatter communication, wherein the article is provided with a passive RFID label, and the passive RFID label is powered by the continuous wave CW emitted by the terminal.
  • the reading distance of a passive RFID tag is limited by the sensitivity of the tag chip.
  • the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the minimum energy (ie, the sensitivity of the rectifier) that allows the logic circuit of the chip to operate normally, rather than the sensitivity of the RF receiver.
  • the passive RFID tag is powered by the continuous wave CW emitted by the terminal, so that the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the sensitivity of the RF receiver in the passive RFID tag. Since the sensitivity of the RF receiver is higher than that of the rectifier, it can effectively increase the reading distance of the passive RFID tag, that is, effectively increase the reading distance of the RFID reader to read the passive RFID tag, making the RFID reader easier to read Get the passive RFID tag.
  • the RFID card reader may send the communication frequency for backscatter communication with the passive RFID tag to the terminal, where the communication frequency is used for the terminal to select the frequency of the CW.
  • the communication method adopted between the RFID card reader and the terminal may be a non-RFID communication method to avoid interference with the communication between the RFID card reader and the passive RFID tag.
  • non-RFID communication may include multiple types, for example, cellular communication, Bluetooth communication, WIFI communication, and so on.
  • the cellular communication may be communication based on the above-mentioned cellular network.
  • the cellular network can be a global system of mobile communication (GSM) network, a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) network, a 3G (3rd-Generation) network, and a frequency division multiple access (WCDMA) network.
  • GSM global system of mobile communication
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • WCDMA frequency division multiple access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • TACS Total Access Communications System
  • the terminal for cellular communication may be a mobile terminal, for example, a cellular phone for cellular communication, which communicates with an RFID reader to obtain the communication frequency for backscatter communication between the RFID reader and the passive RFID tag.
  • the RFID reader and the passive RFID tag locate items based on backscatter communication, including: RFID reader to passive RFID tag Transmit a scattered signal; the RFID card reader receives a feedback signal of the scattered signal, wherein the feedback signal is sent by the RFID tag based on energy; the RFID card reader locates the item based on the feedback signal. What has been explained above will not be repeated here.
  • the method for locating an item by an RFID card reader may further include: the RFID card reader sends feedback information to the terminal, where the feedback information is used to indicate whether the RFID card reader detects a passive RFID tags. After receiving the feedback information, the terminal displays it, and displays that if the RFID reader does not detect the passive RFID tag, the passive RFID tag is finally located by moving the position of the RFID reader. The RFID card reader moves the position through the display of the terminal to finally locate the passive RFID tag.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of the article positioning method 4 provided by the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes:
  • the terminal transmits a continuous wave CW to the passive radio frequency identification RFID tag, where the CW is used to provide energy for the RFID tag, and the passive RFID tag is set on the article;
  • the RFID card reader and the passive RFID tag locate the article based on backscatter communication, where the passive RFID tag performs backscatter communication based on energy.
  • the continuous wave CW transmitted by the terminal to the passive RFID tag provides energy for the passive RFID tag, so that the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the sensitivity of the RF receiver in the passive RFID tag. Since the sensitivity of the RF receiver is higher than that of the rectifier, it can effectively increase the reading distance of passive RFID tags.
  • the article positioning method may further include: the RFID card reader sends the communication frequency for backscatter communication with the passive RFID tag to the terminal; and the terminal selects the frequency of the CW based on the communication frequency.
  • the RFID card reader and the passive RFID tag positioning items based on backscatter communication include: the RFID card reader feeds back information about whether the passive RFID tag is detected to the terminal; the terminal displays information, where , The displayed information is used to locate the passive RFID tag by moving the position of the RFID reader when the RFID reader does not detect the passive RFID tag.
  • the terminal takes the terminal as a smart terminal as an example to describe the preferred implementation manners provided in the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an article tracking system for increasing the reading distance of passive RFID tags provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the smart terminal when accessing a passive RFID tag, the smart terminal transmits CW as a External power supply.
  • the frequency of the CW is selected by the smart terminal, the RFID card reader, and the server after obtaining information (for example, the frequency of use shown in FIG. 6).
  • the RFID reader and passive RFID tags carry out normal RFID backscatter communication.
  • the reading distance of a passive RFID tag in a passive RFID system is limited by the sensitivity of the tag chip.
  • the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the minimum energy (ie, the sensitivity of the rectifier) that allows the logic circuit of the chip to operate normally, rather than the sensitivity of the RF receiver.
  • the CW provided by the smart terminal can provide energy for the tag chip, so the sensitivity of the tag chip depends on the sensitivity of the RF receiver. Because the sensitivity of the RF receiver is higher than that of the rectifier, the reading distance can be increased.
  • the smart terminal does not have an RFID communication chip, so its radio frequency chip cannot perform encoding and decoding in accordance with the RFID protocol. But its radio frequency components can provide CW from 600MHz to 6GHZ. This CW can be used for the energy supply of passive RFID tags. Therefore, the article positioning method provided in this application does not require additional hardware devices for the smart terminal.
  • the smart terminal needs to communicate with the RFID reader and its server. This communication can use non-RFID communication methods such as cellular, Bluetooth, WIFI, etc.
  • the smart terminal can obtain the operating frequency of the RFID card reader to select the CW frequency to avoid interference with the normal communication between the RFID card reader and the passive RFID tag.
  • the smart terminal can exchange data with the RFID card reader.
  • the user holds the smart terminal to move, and the smart terminal performs CW energy scanning.
  • the RFID card reader will feedback whether a passive RFID tag is detected to the smart terminal. According to the results presented by the smart terminal, the user changes the moving position of the RFID reader and finally locates the position of the passive RFID tag.
  • the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not correspond to the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the terminal 700 includes a transmitting module 702, and the transmitting module 702 will be described below.
  • the transmitting module 702 is used to transmit a continuous wave CW to a passive radio frequency identification RFID tag, where the CW is used to provide energy for the RFID tag, the passive RFID tag is set on the article, and the energy is used for the RFID reader and the wireless
  • the source RFID tag locates the item based on backscatter communication.
  • the terminal further includes: a selection module, configured to select the frequency of the CW before the terminal transmits the CW to the passive RFID tag.
  • the selection module includes: an acquisition unit and a selection unit, wherein the acquisition unit is configured to acquire the communication frequency of the reflection scattering communication between the RFID card reader and the passive RFID tag; Frequency, select the frequency of CW.
  • the terminal further includes: a display module, where the display module is used to receive and display feedback information from the RFID card reader, where the feedback information is used to indicate whether the RFID card reader is Passive RFID tag detected.
  • the terminal includes a smart terminal.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a passive RFID tag provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 8, the passive RFID tag 800 includes a receiving module 802 and a communication module 804. Module 804 is explained.
  • the receiving module 802 is used to receive continuous wave CW, where the CW is used to provide energy for the passive RFID tag, the CW comes from the terminal, and the passive RFID tag is set on the article; the communication module 804 is connected to the receiving module 802 , Used to carry out backscatter communication with the RFID reader based on the energy to locate the item.
  • the communication module 804 is further configured to receive the scattered signal, and based on the energy, send a feedback signal of the scattered signal to the RFID card reader, where the scattered signal comes from the RFID card reader, and the feedback signal Used for RFID reader to locate items.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an RFID card reader provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the RFID card reader 900 includes a positioning module 902. The positioning module 902 will be described below.
  • the positioning module 902 is used to locate an article based on backscatter communication with a passive RFID tag, wherein the article is provided with a passive RFID tag, and the passive RFID tag is powered by the continuous wave CW emitted by the terminal.
  • the RFID card reader further includes: a sending module for sending the communication frequency for backscatter communication with the passive RFID tag to the terminal, where the communication frequency is used for the terminal to select the frequency of the CW .
  • the positioning module 902 is further configured to transmit a scattered signal to the passive RFID tag; receive a feedback signal of the scattered signal, wherein the feedback signal is sent by the RFID tag based on energy; and locate the item based on the feedback signal .
  • the positioning module 902 is further configured to send feedback information to the terminal, where the feedback information is used to indicate whether the RFID reader detects a passive RFID tag.
  • the embodiment of the application also provides an article positioning system. Since the structural block diagram of the article positioning system is similar to that shown in FIG. 6, the difference lies in that the smart terminal is taken as an example for illustration in FIG. 6, and the article positioning system does not limit the terminal. . For the sake of brevity, only a brief description of the article positioning system is given here.
  • the article positioning system includes a terminal, a passive radio frequency identification RFID tag and an RFID card reader.
  • the terminal is used to transmit a continuous wave CW to the passive RFID tag.
  • the CW is used to provide energy for the RFID tag.
  • Passive RFID tags are set on the objects; passive RFID tags are used for backscatter communication with RFID readers based on energy; RFID readers are used to locate objects based on backscatter communication.
  • the RFID card reader sends the communication frequency for backscatter communication with the passive RFID tag to the terminal; the terminal selects the frequency of the CW based on the communication frequency.
  • the RFID card reader and the passive RFID tag locating the article based on backscatter communication includes: the RFID card reader feeds back information about whether the passive RFID tag is detected to the terminal; the terminal displays information, where , The displayed information is used to locate the passive RFID tag by moving the position of the RFID reader when the RFID reader does not detect the passive RFID tag.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1000 shown in FIG. 10 includes a processor 1010, and the processor 1010 can call and run a computer program from a memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1000 may further include a memory 1020.
  • the processor 1010 can call and run a computer program from the memory 1020 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1020 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1010, or may be integrated in the processor 1010.
  • the communication device 1000 may further include a transceiver 1030, and the processor 1010 may control the transceiver 1030 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it may send information or data to other devices, or receive other devices. Information or data sent by the device.
  • the transceiver 1030 may include a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transceiver 1030 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.
  • the communication device 1000 may specifically be a terminal of an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1000 may implement corresponding procedures implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, details are not described herein again.
  • the communication device 1000 may specifically be a passive RFID tag according to an embodiment of the application, and the communication device 1000 may implement the corresponding process implemented by the passive RFID tag in each method of the embodiment of the application. For the sake of brevity, This will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 1000 may specifically be an RFID card reader of an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1000 may implement the corresponding process implemented by the RFID card reader in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, This will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 1100 shown in FIG. 11 includes a processor 1110, and the processor 1110 can call and run a computer program from the memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 1100 may further include a memory 1120.
  • the processor 1110 can call and run a computer program from the memory 1120 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1120 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1110, or may be integrated in the processor 1110.
  • the chip 1100 may further include an input interface 1130.
  • the processor 1110 can control the input interface 1130 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, can obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips.
  • the chip 1100 may further include an output interface 1140.
  • the processor 1110 can control the output interface 1140 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, can output information or data to other devices or chips.
  • the chip can be applied to the terminal in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding process implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip can implement the corresponding process implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip can be applied to the passive RFID tags in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the passive RFID tags in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the passive RFID tags in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application.
  • it will not be omitted here Go into details.
  • the chip can be applied to the RFID card reader in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding process implemented by the RFID card reader in each method of the embodiment of the present application. Go into details.
  • the chip mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a system-level chip, a system-on-chip, a system-on-chip, or a system-on-chip, etc.
  • the processor of the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability.
  • the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a ready-made programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other Programming logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • DDR SDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DR RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present application may also be static random access memory (Static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (Dynamic RAM, DRAM), Synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (Double Data Rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous connection Dynamic random access memory (Synch Link DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (Direct Rambus RAM, DR RAM) and so on. That is to say, the memory in the embodiments of the present application is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer programs.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the terminal in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the passive RFID tags in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the passive RFID tags in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application, in order to It's concise, so I won't repeat it here.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the RFID card reader in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the RFID card reader in each method of the embodiment of the present application, in order to It's concise, so I won't repeat it here.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including computer program instructions.
  • the computer program product can be applied to the terminal in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • details are not repeated here. .
  • the computer program product can be applied to the passive RFID tags in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the passive RFID tags in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application, for the sake of brevity , I won’t repeat it here.
  • the computer program product can be applied to the RFID card reader in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the RFID card reader in each method of the embodiment of the present application, for the sake of brevity , I won’t repeat it here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program.
  • the computer program can be applied to the terminal in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program runs on the computer, the computer executes the corresponding process implemented by the terminal in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, This will not be repeated here.
  • the computer program can be applied to the passive RFID tags in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer program runs on the computer, the computer can execute the corresponding implementations of the passive RFID tags in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, the process will not be repeated here.
  • the computer program can be applied to the RFID card reader in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program runs on the computer, the computer can execute the corresponding implementation of the RFID card reader in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, the process will not be repeated here.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated. To another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is realized in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory,) ROM, random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种物品定位方法、终端、无源RFID标签及RFID读卡器。其中，该方法包括：终端向无源射频识别RFID标签发射连续波CW，其中，CW用于为RFID标签提供能量，无源RFID标签设置在物品上，能量用于RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品。通过本申请实施例，可以有效提高无源RFID标签的读取距离。

Description

物品定位方法、终端、无源RFID标签及RFID读卡器 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种物品定位方法、终端、无源射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification，简称RFID)标签及RFID读卡器。
背景技术
无源射频识别(Passive RFID)技术被广泛使用于物品识别与追踪。一个基于RFID的物品识别追踪系统包含一个或多个RFID读卡器，读卡器天线，与读卡器相连的服务器，以及大量贴附于被追踪物品的无源RFID标签。无源RFID标签可分为两部分，标签天线和标签芯片。因为无源RFID标签采用反向散射通信原理，标签芯片利用从RFID读卡器收集的能量运行，所以无源RFID标签不需要携带电池，标签体积小，方便贴附或夹藏于物品中，也不需要充电或是更换电池。利用反向散射通信原理的无源RFID标签，成本低，体积小，不需要后期维护。其应用场景不仅局限于toB的物流追踪，也可以扩展至toC的物品追踪。
在相关技术中，基于RFID的物品识别追踪系统最大的应用难题是无源RFID标签的读取距离，通常无源RFID标签的读取距离小于10米。此距离被定义为无源RFID标签与读卡器天线之间的距离。当前，能有效增加读取距离的方法为采用多读卡器天线，此种方案虽然能提升读取距离，但是成本高，而且并没有实质提升读卡器天线与无源RFID标签的读取距离。
因此，在相关技术中存在不能实质提升无源RFID标签的读取距离的技术问题。
针对上述的问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种物品定位方法、终端、无源RFID标签及RFID读卡器，以解决相关技术中存在的不能实质提升无源RFID标签的读取距离的技术问题，进而可以有效提高无源RFID标签的读取距离。
第一方面，提供了一种物品定位方法，包括：
终端向无源射频识别RFID标签发射连续波CW，其中，所述CW用于为所述RFID标签提供能量，所述无源RFID标签设置在物品上，所述能量用于RFID读卡器与所述无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位所述物品。
第二方面，提供了一种物品定位方法，包括：
无源射频识别RFID标签接收连续波CW，其中，所述CW用于为所述RFID标签提供能量，所述CW来自终端，所述RFID标签设置在物品上；
所述无源RFID标签基于所述能量与RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信以定位所述物品。
第三方面，提供了一种物品定位方法，包括：
射频识别RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品，其中，所述物品上设置有所述无源RFID标签，所述无源RFID标签由终端发射的连续波CW提供能量。
第四方面，提供了一种终端，包括：
发射模块，用于向无源射频识别RFID标签发射连续波CW，其中，所述CW用于为所述RFID标签提供能量，所述无源RFID标签设置在物品上，所述能量用于RFID读卡器与所述无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位所述物品。
第五方面，提供了一种无源RFID标签，包括：
接收模块，用于接收连续波CW，其中，所述CW用于为所述无源RFID标签提供能量，所述CW来自终端，所述无源RFID标签设置在物品上；
通信模块，用于基于所述能量与RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信以定位所述物品。
第六方面，提供了一种RFID读卡器，包括：
定位模块，用于与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品，其中，所述物品上设置有所述无源RFID标签，所述无源RFID标签由终端发射的连续波CW提供能量。
第七方面，提供了一种终端，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行上述第一方面或其各实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种无源RFID标签，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行上述第二方面或其各实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种RFID读卡器，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行上述第三 方面或其各实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种芯片，用于实现上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面或其各实现方式中的方法。具体地，该芯片包括：处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有该芯片的设备执行如上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面或其各实现方式中的方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面或其各实现方式中的方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面或其各实现方式中的方法。
第十三方面，提供了一种计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面或其各实现方式中的方法。
通过上述技术方案，由终端向无源RFID标签发射的CW为无源RFID标签提供能量，使得标签芯片的灵敏度取决于无源RFID标签中的RF接收机的灵敏度。由于RF接收机的灵敏度高于整流器灵敏度，因此可以有效提高无源RFID标签的读取距离。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是本申请实施例应用的无源RFID标签的结构示意图。
图2为本申请实施例提供的物品定位方法一的示意性流程图。
图3为本申请实施例提供的物品定位方法二的示意性流程图。
图4为本申请实施例提供的物品定位方法三的示意性流程图。
图5为本申请实施例提供的物品定位方法四的示意性流程图。
图6为本申请实施例提供的提升无源RFID标签读取距离的物品追踪系统的结构示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的终端的示意性框图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的无源RFID标签的示意性框图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的RFID读卡器的示意性框图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的示意性结构图。
图11是本申请实施例的芯片的示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种终端设备(或称为通信终端、终端)。作为在此使用的“终端设备”包括但不限于经由有线线路连接，如经由公共交换电话网络(Public Switched Telephone Networks，PSTN)、数字用户线路(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL)、数字电缆、直接电缆连接；和/或另一数据连接/网络；和/或经由无线接口，如，针对蜂窝网络、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)、诸如DVB-H网络的数字电视网络、卫星网络、AM-FM广播发送器；和/或另一终端设备的被设置成接收/发送通信信号的装置；和/或物联网(Internet of Things，IoT)设备。被设置成通过无线接口通信的终端设备可以被称为“无线通信终端”、“无线终端”或“移动终端”。移动终端的示例包括但不限于卫星或蜂窝电话；可以组合蜂窝无线电电话与数据处理、传真以及数据通信能力的个人通信系统(Personal Communications System，PCS)终端；可以包括无线电电话、寻呼机、因特网/内联网接入、Web浏览器、记事簿、日历以及/或全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)接收器的PDA；以及常规膝上型和/或掌上型接收器或包括无线电电话收发器的其它电子装置。终端设备可以指接入终端、用户设备(User Equipment，UE)、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(Session Initiation Protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(Wireless Local Loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的PLMN中的终端设备等。
可选地，终端设备之间可以进行设备到设备(Device to Device，D2D)通信。
应理解，本文中术语“系统”和“网络”在本文中常被可互换使用。本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B， 可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
图1是本申请实施例应用的无源RFID标签的结构示意图，如图1所示，无源RFID标签分为两部分，标签天线与标签芯片。无源RFID标签采用反向散射原理进行无源RFID标签与RFID读卡器的通信。所以标签芯片内不含发射机。运行标签芯片的能量来自于标签天线收集到的来自于RFID读卡器发射的能量。如图1所示，标签芯片内部分为两个部分，一个部分是将交流RF能量转化为直流(DC)的整流器电路。此电路输出的DC电压为标签芯片供给能量。另一部分则为RF接收机，将从标签天线中收集的信号进行解码处理。芯片逻辑电路通过通、断天线接地实现对散射信号的编码从而将信息反馈给RFID读卡器。
以下是对影响无源RFID标签的读取距离的因素的说明。
由于无源RFID标签没有发射机，基于RFID的物品识别追踪系统是一个无源RFID系统，它是一个双向通讯系统(two-way communication)。根据弗里斯传输(friis transmission)公式，无源RFID标签接收的能量可表达为公式1。
Figure PCTCN2020076266-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020076266-appb-000002
为标签天线接收到的能量，
Figure PCTCN2020076266-appb-000003
为读卡器发射的能量，G reader为读卡器天线增益，G tag为标签天线增益，λ为发射能量波长，D为读卡器天线与标签天线距离。
同理，读卡器天线接收到的能量可表达为公式2。
Figure PCTCN2020076266-appb-000004
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020076266-appb-000005
为读卡器天线接收到的能量。
Figure PCTCN2020076266-appb-000006
为标签散射能量其可表达为公式3。
Figure PCTCN2020076266-appb-000007
其中，α为基于标签天线特性的反向散射损耗。将公式3，公式1，带入到公式2.可以得到公式4。
Figure PCTCN2020076266-appb-000008
无源RFID标签的读取距离与RF接收机的灵敏度成正比。灵敏度即为能使标签芯片正常工作的最低能量。从公式1，公式4可以看出，灵敏度越好(数值越低)，则读取距离越长。表1是几种常见无源RFID标签的标签芯片的灵敏度。
表1
Passive RFID tag IC Sensitivity
Monza R6 -22dBm
Monza M730 -24dBm
Monza 5 -20dBm
Monza 4D -22dBm
由上述表1可见，无源RFID标签的标签芯片的灵敏度在-20～-24dBm。常见RFID读卡器的灵敏度为-80dBm。由于RFID读卡器的灵敏度远远高于标签芯片的灵敏度，读取距离的计算采用公式1。由此可见，无源RFID系统的读取距离主要受限于标签芯片的灵敏度。
基于上述说明，本申请实施例提出了一种物品定位方法。图2为本申请实施例提供的物品定位方法一的示意性流程图，如图2所示，该方法包括：
S202，终端向无源射频识别RFID标签发射连续波(Continuous Wave，简称CW)，其中，该CW用于为RFID标签提供能量，该无源RFID标签设置在物品上，该能量用于RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品。
无源RFID标签的读取距离受限于标签芯片的灵敏度。标签芯片的灵敏度取决于能让芯片逻辑电路正常运行的最小能量(即整流器灵敏度)，而非RF接收机的灵敏度。通过上述处理，由终端向无源RFID标签发射的CW为无源RFID标签提供能量，使得标签芯片的灵敏度取决于无源RFID标签中的RF接收机的灵敏度。由于RF接收机的灵敏度高于整流器灵敏度，因此可以有效提高无源RFID标签的读取距离。
需要说明的是，该方法中的终端可以是智能终端，例如，可以是一些智能手机、智能汽车、无人机、机器人等智能终端。
作为一种可选的实施例，在终端向无源RFID标签发射CW之前，还包括：终端选择CW的频率。终端选择CW的频率的方式可以多种，例如，可以从终端中的射频元件可提供的频率范围内选择。较优地，可以对终端的射频元件能够提供的频率范围进行缩小，即可以在相对较小的一段小范围内选择。小范围的确定可以依据经验确定，也可以依据试验得到，可以依据具体情况灵活选择。
在终端选择CW的频率时，为避免对定位过程中所涉及到的通信的影响，可以先获取定位过程中所涉及到的通信的通信频率，依据该通信频率来选择该CW的频率，例如，通过避开该通信频率的方式来选择CW的频率。
例如，在定位过程中涉及到的是RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签进行的反向散射通信，因此，终端可以获取RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签进行反射散射通信的通信频率；之后，终端根据通信频率，选择CW的频率。通过该处理，由于选择的CW的频率避开了RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签所进行的反向散射通信的通信频率，因此，终端向无源RFID发送的CW并不会对该反向散射通信造成干扰。需要说明的是，RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签进行的反向散射通信涉及到RFID读卡器向无源RFID标签发送的散射信号，以及无源RFID标签向RFID读卡器发送的对应的反馈信号，要避免对反向散射通信造成的干扰时，需要分别避免对散射信号以及反馈信号造成的干扰。
作为一种可选的实施例，在RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品时，终端可以接收来自于RFID读卡器的反馈信息，其中，该反馈信息用于指示RFID读卡器是否探测到无源RFID标签；之后，终端显示该反馈信息，其中，显示的反馈信息用于在RFID读卡器未探测到无源RFID标签的情况下，通过移动RFID读卡器的方位来最终定位无源RFID标签。即终端当作显示器指引RFID读卡器定位无源RFID标签，即定位物品。需要说明的是，此处RFID读卡器是否探测到无源RFID标签可以是RFID读卡器向无源RFID发送散射信号，但未收到无源RFID标签向该RFID读卡器返回的反馈信号。造成上述未探测到的原因可能是RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签之间的距离不在读取距离之内，因此，可以通过移动RFID读卡器的方位，使得RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签之间的距离在读取距离之内，从而让RFID读卡器探测到(即定位到)该无源RFID标签。
本申请实施例还提出了一种物品定位方法，图3为本申请实施例提供的物品定位方法二的示意性流程图，如图3所示，该方法包括：
S302，无源射频识别RFID标签接收连续波CW，其中，CW用于为RFID标签提供能量，CW来自终端，RFID标签设置在物品上；
S304，无源RFID标签基于能量与RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信以定位物品。
无源RFID标签的读取距离受限于标签芯片的灵敏度。标签芯片的灵敏度取决于能让芯片逻辑电路正常运行的最小能量(即整流器灵敏度)，而非RF接收机的灵敏度。通过上述处理，无源RFID标签接收终端发射的CW用于提供能量，取代了RFID读卡器向无源RFID标签发送的信号所提供的能量，使得标签芯片的灵敏度取决于无源RFID标签中的RF接收机的灵敏度。由于RF接收机的灵敏度高于整流器灵敏度，因此可以有效提高无源RFID标签的读取距离。
作为一种可选的实施例，无源RFID标签基于能量与RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信以定位物品可以包括：无源RFID标签接收散射信号，其中，散射信号来自RFID读 卡器；RFID标签基于能量，向RFID读卡器发送散射信号的反馈信号，其中，反馈信号用于RFID读卡器定位物品。RFID标签基于终端发射的CW所提供的能量来对RFID读卡器发送的散射信号进行解析，得到对应的反馈信号，并将得到的反馈信号发送给RFID读卡器，RFID读卡器基于该反馈信号对无源RFID标签进行定位。通过上述处理，明确了终端发射的CW所提供的能量在物品定位过程中的具体作用。
本申请实施例还提出了一种物品定位方法，图4为本申请实施例提供的物品定位方法三的示意性流程图，如图4所示，该方法包括：
S402，射频识别RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品，其中，该物品上设置有无源RFID标签，该无源RFID标签由终端发射的连续波CW提供能量。
无源RFID标签的读取距离受限于标签芯片的灵敏度。标签芯片的灵敏度取决于能让芯片逻辑电路正常运行的最小能量(即整流器灵敏度)，而非RF接收机的灵敏度。通过上述处理，无源RFID标签由终端发射的连续波CW提供能量，使得标签芯片的灵敏度取决于无源RFID标签中的RF接收机的灵敏度。由于RF接收机的灵敏度高于整流器灵敏度，因此可以有效提高无源RFID标签的读取距离，即有效提高RFID读卡器读取无源RFID标签的读取距离，使得RFID读卡器更容易读取到无源RFID标签。
作为一种可选的实施例，RFID读卡器可以将与无源RFID标签进行反向散射通信的通信频率发送给终端，其中，通信频率用于终端选择CW的频率。需要说明的是，RFID读卡器与终端之间所采用的通信方式可以是非RFID通信方式，避免对RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签之间通信的干扰。另外，非RFID通信可以包括多种，例如，可以是蜂窝通信，蓝牙通信，WIFI通信，等等。其中，该蜂窝通信可以是基于上述蜂窝网络所进行的通信。其中，该蜂窝网络可以是全球移动通讯(Global System of Mobile communication，GSM)网络、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)网络、3G(3rd-Generation)网络、频分多址(Frequency Division Multiple Access，FDMA)网络、时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access，TDMA)网络、全入网通信系统(Total Access Communications System，TACS)等。进行蜂窝通信的终端可以是移动终端，例如，可以是进行蜂窝通信的蜂窝电话，与RFID读卡器进行通信，获取RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签进行反向散射通信的通信频率。
对应于上述无源RFID标签与RFID读卡器的通信，对于RFID读卡器而言，RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品包括：RFID读卡器向无源RFID标签发射散射信号；RFID读卡器接收散射信号的反馈信号，其中，反馈信号由RFID标签基于能量发送的；RFID读卡器基于反馈信号定位物品。以上所说明的，此处不再赘述。
作为一种可选的实施例，RFID读卡器定位物品的方法，还可以包括：RFID读卡器向终端发送反馈信息，其中，该反馈信息用于指示该RFID读卡器是否探测到无源RFID标签。终端接收到该反馈信息后进行显示，并显示RFID读卡器未探测到无源RFID标签的情况下，通过移动RFID读卡器的方位来最终定位无源RFID标签。RFID读卡器通过终端的显示来移动方位，从而最终定位无源RFID标签。
本申请实施例还提出了一种物品定位方法，图5为本申请实施例提供的物品定位方法四的示意性流程图，如图5所示，该方法包括：
S502，终端向无源射频识别RFID标签发射连续波CW，其中，该CW用于为RFID标签提供能量，该无源RFID标签设置在物品上；
S504，RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品，其中，无源RFID标签基于能量进行反向散射通信。
通过上述处理，终端向无源RFID标签发射的连续波CW为无源RFID标签提供能量，使得标签芯片的灵敏度取决于无源RFID标签中的RF接收机的灵敏度。由于RF接收机的灵敏度高于整流器灵敏度，因此可以有效提高无源RFID标签的读取距离。
作为一种可选的实施例，该物品定位方法还可以包括：RFID读卡器将与无源RFID标签进行反向散射通信的通信频率发送给终端；终端基于通信频率，选择CW的频率。
作为一种可选的实施例，RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品包括：RFID读卡器将是否探测到无源RFID标签的信息反馈给终端；终端显示信息，其中，显示的信息用于在RFID读卡器未探测到无源RFID标签的情况下，通过移动RFID读卡器的方位来最终定位无源RFID标签。
结合上述实施例及优选实施例，下面以终端为智能终端为例，对本申请所提供的优选实施方式进行说明。
图6为本申请实施例提供的提升无源RFID标签读取距离的物品追踪系统的结构示意图，如图6所示，在访问无源RFID标签时，智能终端发射CW作为给无源RFID标签的外部供电。CW的频率选取由智能终端与RFID读卡器以及服务器获取信息(例如，图6中所示的使用频率)后选取。RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签进行正常RFID反向散射通信。
由上述公式1可知，无源RFID系统中无源RFID标签的读取距离受限于标签芯片的灵敏度。标签芯片的灵敏度取决于能让芯片逻辑电路正常运行的最小能量(即整流器灵敏度)，而非RF接收机的灵敏度。智能终端提供的CW可以为标签芯片提供能量，因此标签芯片的灵敏度取决于RF接收机的灵敏度。因为RF接收机的灵敏度高于整流 器灵敏度，从而可提高读取距离。
智能终端不具备RFID通讯芯片，因此，其射频芯片无法进行符合RFID协议的编、解码。但是其射频元件可提供600MHz～6GHZ的CW。此CW可用于无源RFID标签的能量供给。因此，本申请所提供的物品定位方法无需智能终端增加其他硬件器件。
智能终端需要与RFID读卡器及其服务器进行通信。此通信可采用蜂窝，蓝牙，WIFI等非RFID通信方式。智能终端可以获取RFID读卡器的操作频率，从而选取CW的频率，避免干扰RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签的正常通信。
在进行物品追踪定位时，智能终端可以与RFID读卡器进行数据交换。具体定位物品时，用户持智能终端移动，智能终端进行CW能量扫描。RFID读卡器将是否探测到无源RFID标签反馈给智能终端。用户根据智能终端呈现的结果，改变RFID读卡器的移动方位并最终定位无源RFID标签的位置。
通过上述优选实施方式，无需增加硬件成本，结合智能终端，有效提升无源RFID标签的读取距离，为无源RFID标签对应的物品定位提供新的解决方案。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
上文中结合图1至图6，详细描述了根据本申请实施例的物品定位方法，下面将结合图7至图9，描述根据本申请实施例的终端、无源RFID标签和RFID读卡器。
图7是本申请实施例提供的终端的示意性框图，如图7所示，该终端700包括：发射模块702，下面对该发射模块702进行说明。
发射模块702，用于向无源射频识别RFID标签发射连续波CW，其中，该CW用于为RFID标签提供能量，该无源RFID标签设置在物品上，该能量用于RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品。
可选地，作为一个实施例，该终端还包括：选择模块，用于在终端向无源RFID标签发射CW之前，选择CW的频率。
可选地，作为一个实施例，选择模块包括：获取单元和选择单元，其中，获取单元用于获取RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签进行反射散射通信的通信频率；选择单元，用于根据通信频率，选择CW的频率。
可选地，作为一个实施例，终端还包括：显示模块，其中，该显示模块，用于接收并显示来自于RFID读卡器的反馈信息，其中，该反馈信息用于指示RFID读卡器是 否探测到无源RFID标签。
可选地，作为一个实施例，终端包括智能终端。
应理解，根据本申请实施例的装置中的各个单元的上述和其它操作和/或功能分别为了实现图1至图6中的各个方法中终端的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图8是本申请实施例提供的无源RFID标签的示意性框图，如图8所示，该无源RFID标签800，包括：接收模块802和通信模块804，下面对该接收模块802和通信模块804进行说明。
接收模块802，用于接收连续波CW，其中，该CW用于为无源RFID标签提供能量，该CW来自终端，该无源RFID标签设置在物品上；通信模块804，连接至上述接收模块802，用于基于该能量与RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信以定位物品。
可选地，作为一个实施例，通信模块804，还用于接收散射信号，并基于能量，向RFID读卡器发送散射信号的反馈信号，其中，该散射信号来自RFID读卡器，该反馈信号用于RFID读卡器定位物品。
应理解，根据本申请实施例的装置中的各个单元的上述和其它操作和/或功能分别为了实现图1至图6中的各个方法中无源RFID标签的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图9是本申请实施例提供的RFID读卡器的示意性框图，如图9所示，该RFID读卡器900，包括：定位模块902，下面对该定位模块902进行说明。
定位模块902，用于与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品，其中，该物品上设置有无源RFID标签，该无源RFID标签由终端发射的连续波CW提供能量。
可选地，作为一个实施例，RFID读卡器还包括：发送模块，用于将与无源RFID标签进行反向散射通信的通信频率发送给终端，其中，通信频率用于终端选择CW的频率。
可选地，作为一个实施例，定位模块902，还用于向无源RFID标签发射散射信号；接收散射信号的反馈信号，其中，反馈信号由RFID标签基于能量发送的；并基于反馈信号定位物品。
可选地，作为一个实施例，定位模块902，还用于向终端发送反馈信息，其中，该反馈信息用于指示RFID读卡器是否探测到无源RFID标签。
应理解，根据本申请实施例的装置中的各个单元的上述和其它操作和/或功能分别为了实现图1至图6中的各个方法中RFID读卡器的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再 赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种物品定位系统，由于该物品定位系统的结构框图类似于图6，不同之外在于图6中以智能终端为例进行说明，而该物品定位系统不对终端进行限定。为了简洁，在此仅对物品定位系统进行简要文字说明。
该物品定位系统，包括：终端，无源射频识别RFID标签和RFID读卡器，其中，终端，用于向无源RFID标签发射连续波CW，其中，该CW用于为RFID标签提供能量，该无源RFID标签设置在物品上；无源RFID标签，用于基于能量与RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信；RFID读卡器，用于基于反向散射通信定位物品。
可选地，作为一个实施例，RFID读卡器将与无源RFID标签进行反向散射通信的通信频率发送给终端；终端基于通信频率，选择CW的频率。
可选地，作为一个实施例，RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品包括：RFID读卡器将是否探测到无源RFID标签的信息反馈给终端；终端显示信息，其中，显示的信息用于在RFID读卡器未探测到无源RFID标签的情况下，通过移动RFID读卡器的方位来最终定位无源RFID标签。
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的示意性结构图。图10所示的通信设备1000包括处理器1010，处理器1010可以从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
可选地，如图10所示，通信设备1000还可以包括存储器1020。其中，处理器1010可以从存储器1020中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
其中，存储器1020可以是独立于处理器1010的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器1010中。
可选地，如图10所示，通信设备1000还可以包括收发器1030，处理器1010可以控制该收发器1030与其他设备进行通信，具体地，可以向其他设备发送信息或数据，或接收其他设备发送的信息或数据。
其中，收发器1030可以包括发射机和接收机。收发器1030还可以进一步包括天线，天线的数量可以为一个或多个。
可选地，该通信设备1000具体可为本申请实施例的终端，并且该通信设备1000可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该通信设备1000具体可为本申请实施例的无源RFID标签，并且该通信 设备1000可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由无源RFID标签实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该通信设备1000具体可为本申请实施例的RFID读卡器，并且该通信设备1000可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由RFID读卡器实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图11是本申请实施例的芯片的示意性结构图。图11所示的芯片1100包括处理器1110，处理器1110可以从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
可选地，如图11所示，芯片1100还可以包括存储器1120。其中，处理器1110可以从存储器1120中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
其中，存储器1120可以是独立于处理器1110的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器1110中。
可选地，该芯片1100还可以包括输入接口1130。其中，处理器1110可以控制该输入接口1130与其他设备或芯片进行通信，具体地，可以获取其他设备或芯片发送的信息或数据。
可选地，该芯片1100还可以包括输出接口1140。其中，处理器1110可以控制该输出接口1140与其他设备或芯片进行通信，具体地，可以向其他设备或芯片输出信息或数据。
可选地，该芯片可应用于本申请实施例中的终端，并且该芯片可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该芯片可应用于本申请实施例中的无源RFID标签，并且该芯片可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由无源RFID标签实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该芯片可应用于本申请实施例中的RFID读卡器，并且该芯片可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由RFID读卡器实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片，系统芯片，芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
应理解，本申请实施例的处理器可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或 者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
应理解，上述存储器为示例性但不是限制性说明，例如，本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synch Link DRAM，SLDRAM)以及直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)等等。也就是说，本申请实施例中的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序。
可选的，该计算机可读存储介质可应用于本申请实施例中的终端，并且该计算机 程序使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该计算机可读存储介质可应用于本申请实施例中的无源RFID标签，并且该计算机程序使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由无源RFID标签实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该计算机可读存储介质可应用于本申请实施例中的RFID读卡器，并且该计算机程序使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由RFID读卡器实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令。
可选的，该计算机程序产品可应用于本申请实施例中的终端，并且该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该计算机程序产品可应用于本申请实施例中的无源RFID标签，并且该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由无源RFID标签实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该计算机程序产品可应用于本申请实施例中的RFID读卡器，并且该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由RFID读卡器实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序。
可选的，该计算机程序可应用于本申请实施例中的终端，当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选的，该计算机程序可应用于本申请实施例中的无源RFID标签，当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由无源RFID标签实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该计算机程序可应用于本申请实施例中的RFID读卡器，当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由RFID读卡器实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功 能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，)ROM、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种物品定位方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端向无源射频识别RFID标签发射连续波CW，其中，所述CW用于为所述RFID标签提供能量，所述无源RFID标签设置在物品上，所述能量用于RFID读卡器与所述无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位所述物品。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端向所述无源RFID标签发射所述CW之前，还包括：
    所述终端选择所述CW的频率。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端选择所述CW的频率包括：
    所述终端获取所述RFID读卡器与所述无源RFID标签进行反射散射通信的通信频率；
    所述终端根据所述通信频率，选择所述CW的频率。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述终端接收来自于所述RFID读卡器的反馈信息，其中，所述反馈信息用于指示所述RFID读卡器是否探测到所述无源RFID标签；
    所述终端显示所述反馈信息。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端包括智能终端。
  6. 一种物品定位方法，其特征在于，包括：
    无源射频识别RFID标签接收连续波CW，其中，所述CW用于为所述RFID标签提供能量，所述CW来自终端，所述RFID标签设置在物品上；
    所述无源RFID标签基于所述能量与RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信以定位所述物品。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无源RFID标签基于所述能量与所述RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信以定位所述物品，包括：
    所述无源RFID标签接收散射信号，其中，所述散射信号来自所述RFID读卡器；
    所述RFID标签基于所述能量，向所述RFID读卡器发送所述散射信号的反馈信号，其中，所述反馈信号用于所述RFID读卡器定位所述物品。
  8. 一种物品定位方法，其特征在于，包括：
    射频识别RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品，其中，所述物品上设置有所述无源RFID标签，所述无源RFID标签由终端发射的连续波CW提供能量。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述RFID读卡器将与所述无源RFID标签进行反向散射通信的通信频率发送给所述终端，其中，所述通信频率用于所述终端选择所述CW的频率。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述RFID读卡器与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位所述物品包括：
    所述RFID读卡器向所述无源RFID标签发射散射信号；
    所述RFID读卡器接收所述散射信号的反馈信号，其中，所述反馈信号由所述RFID标签基于所述能量发送的；
    所述RFID读卡器基于所述反馈信号定位所述物品。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述RFID读卡器向所述终端发送反馈信息，其中，所述反馈信息用于指示所述RFID读卡器是否探测到所述无源RFID标签。
  12. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：
    发射模块，用于向无源射频识别RFID标签发射连续波CW，其中，所述CW用于为所述RFID标签提供能量，所述无源RFID标签设置在物品上，所述能量用于RFID读卡器与所述无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位所述物品。
  13. 一种无源RFID标签，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收连续波CW，其中，所述CW用于为所述无源RFID标签提供能量，所述CW来自终端，所述无源RFID标签设置在物品上；
    通信模块，用于基于所述能量与RFID读卡器进行反向散射通信以定位所述物品。
  14. 一种RFID读卡器，其特征在于，包括：
    定位模块，用于与无源RFID标签基于反向散射通信定位物品，其中，所述物品上设置有所述无源RFID标签，所述无源RFID标签由终端发射的连续波CW 提供能量。
  15. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的物品定位方法。
  16. 一种无源RFID标签，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行如权利要求6至7中任一项所述的物品定位方法。
  17. 一种RFID读卡器，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行如权利要求8至11中任一项所述的物品定位方法。
  18. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括：处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有所述芯片的设备执行如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的物品定位方法。
  19. 一种存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质存储有至少一个计算机执行指令，其中，在所述至少一个计算机执行指令运行时控制处理器执行权利要求1至11中任意一项所述的物品定位方法。
  20. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的物品定位方法。
  21. 一种计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的物品定位方法。
PCT/CN2020/076266 2020-02-21 2020-02-21 物品定位方法、终端、无源rfid标签及rfid读卡器 WO2021164024A1 (zh)

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