WO2021162390A1 - System for increasing power generation efficiency by controlling inlet air temperature of turbine - Google Patents

System for increasing power generation efficiency by controlling inlet air temperature of turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021162390A1
WO2021162390A1 PCT/KR2021/001672 KR2021001672W WO2021162390A1 WO 2021162390 A1 WO2021162390 A1 WO 2021162390A1 KR 2021001672 W KR2021001672 W KR 2021001672W WO 2021162390 A1 WO2021162390 A1 WO 2021162390A1
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Prior art keywords
heat
gas
brine
heat exchange
exchange unit
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PCT/KR2021/001672
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
황소용
김시환
배형호
주민
황교엽
Original Assignee
디에이치테크 주식회사
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Publication of WO2021162390A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021162390A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
    • F02C7/141—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/08—Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
    • F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
    • F02C7/185—Cooling means for reducing the temperature of the cooling air or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
    • Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration

Definitions

  • the present invention is a system for improving power generation efficiency by controlling the temperature of the intake air of a turbine.
  • a power generation device that turns a turbine using fuel such as LNG or oil
  • the temperature of the air flowing into the gas turbine can be adjusted. It relates to a system for improving power generation efficiency through temperature control of intake air.
  • a gas turbine is a rotary heat engine that compresses air with a compressor and leads the compressed air to a combustion chamber, where the fuel is dispersed and burned, and the resulting high-temperature and high-pressure gas is expanded while blowing into the turbine to rotate the turbine.
  • gas turbines are widely used in industrial fields including power generation facilities due to the advantages of short starting and stopping times and easy construction.
  • the gas turbine output is affected in inverse proportion to the temperature of the inlet air supplied to the compressor.
  • the density of the air required for combustion decreases.
  • various devices and methods have been proposed to control the temperature of the air injected into the compressor.
  • an air cooling system of a gas turbine includes a boil-off gas pressurizing unit for pressurizing boil-off gas discharged from an LNG tank; a first heat exchange unit for exchanging the pressurized excess BOG provided from the BOG pressurizing unit with the BOG before pressurization; a gas-liquid separator for separating the pressurized excess BOG through the first heat exchanger into gas and liquid through an expander; a second heat exchange unit for exchanging the boil-off gas liquefied in the gas-liquid separator and the circulating refrigerant; and a technology including a third heat exchanger for primary heat-exchanging the pressurized suction air using the circulating refrigerant has been previously registered.
  • a compression unit for compressing the air flowing into the air inlet, and a combustion unit for mixing the compressed air with NG (natural liquefied gas) fuel and then igniting to generate combustion gas
  • NG natural liquefied gas
  • the gas turbine comprising a NG fuel storage unit for supplying NG fuel to the combustion unit, and a fuel heating unit for heating the NG fuel supplied from the NG fuel storage unit and supplying it to the combustion unit, from the NG fuel storage unit
  • a technology comprising a heat exchange unit for cooling the air introduced into the air inlet by using the supplied low-temperature NG fuel as a refrigerant and supplying the NG fuel whose temperature has been raised by heat exchange to the fuel heating unit to reduce the heating energy of the NG fuel This line has been registered.
  • the conventional technologies are techniques to use low-temperature LNG fuel as a refrigerant to cool high-temperature inlet air to a set temperature to introduce it into a compressor, but this is a technique that simply performs a function of cooling high-temperature inlet air. There is an urgent need to prepare countermeasures to reduce the efficiency of gas turbines due to this.
  • Patent Document 1 KR 10-1834450 B1 (2018.02.26.)
  • Patent Document 2 KR 10-1549003 B1 (2015.08.26.)
  • a new technology was created to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is a waste heat recycling cycle that rapidly and accurately cools and heats the gas turbine intake air temperature by using combined heat of vaporization of liquefied gas and exhaust heat of gas turbine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control capable of improving gas turbine output without being affected by temperature.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control that can increase intake air cooling efficiency of a gas turbine by using an absorption chiller when exhaust heat recovery is sufficient.
  • the present invention constitutes a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control, and is installed at the compressor inlet of the gas turbine 2 to heat-exchange the intake air flowing into the compressor.
  • a brine circulation unit 10 comprising a coil 12, a circulation line 14 for circulating and supplying brine onto the heat radiation coil 12, and a brine tank 16 connected to the circulation line 14 to store brine.
  • a first gas heat exchange unit connected to the circulation line 14 to control the movement of brine on/off by the three-way valve 22 and to cool the brine by heat exchange with natural gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 .
  • a thermal heat exchange unit 30 connected to the circulation line 14 and provided to heat the brine using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source; a second gas heat exchange unit 40 provided to exchange heat with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 2 into vaporized gas (NG) by using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source; and a control unit 50 provided to control the operation of the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 and the warm heat heat exchange unit 30 .
  • the brine heat-exchanged in the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and passed through the heat radiation coil 12 is pre-cooled by the cold water heat exchanger 60 and the absorption chiller 62 connected to the circulation line 14, and the absorption type
  • the refrigerator 62 is characterized in that it is provided to exchange heat with the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 .
  • the warm heat heat exchange unit 30 is extended to the circulation line 14 of the brine circulation unit 10, and a hot water heat exchanger 34 is provided in which the brine movement is controlled on/off by the heat exchange three-way valve 32. and the hot water heat exchanger 34 is characterized in that it is provided so that the temperature of the brine is raised by heat exchange with the heat source moved to the second gas heat exchange unit 40 .
  • control unit 50 activates the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and the absorption chiller 62 , operates the three-way valve 22 on, and heat-exchanges the liquefied gas and brine supplied from the fuel tank 1 to output A cold brine mode (M1) for controlling the heat exchange of liquefied gas to vaporized gas by the first gas heat exchange unit 20 while cooling the intake air using the cooling brine, the warm heat exchange unit 30 and the second gas
  • M1 A cold brine mode
  • the heat exchange unit 40 is activated, the three-way valve 22 is off, and the heat exchange three-way valve 32 is on, and the heat source and brine supplied to the second gas heat exchanger 40 by the hot water heat exchanger 340 are exchanged for heat exchange.
  • the on-brine mode (M2) for controlling the heat exchange of liquefied gas to vaporized gas by the second gas heat exchange unit 40 while heating the intake air using the output heating brine, and the first gas heat exchange unit 20; Stops the brine circulation through the circulation line 14 while deactivating, and executes any one mode of the emergency operation mode (M3) for supplying heat exchange between liquefied gas and vaporized gas by activating the second gas heat exchange unit 40 characterized by being
  • control unit 50 executes the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') when the heat source for exchanging the liquefied gas into the vaporized gas is insufficient in the cold brine mode (M1), and the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') is cooled
  • the second gas heat exchange unit 40 is activated to heat exchange the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 into vaporized gas, and the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 ) 40, the amount of liquefied gas is proportionally controlled by the linked operation of the first and second valves 21 and 41, and the total amount of vaporized gas output through the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 It is characterized in that it is provided to be constantly controlled.
  • a heat radiation coil 12 installed at the compressor inlet of the gas turbine 2 to exchange heat with intake air flowing into the compressor, a circulation line 14 for circulating and supplying brine onto the heat radiation coil 12, and a circulation line 14 ) connected to the brine circulation unit 10 consisting of a brine tank 16 for storing the brine; a thermal heat exchange unit 30 connected to the circulation line 14 and provided to heat the brine using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source; and a control unit 50 provided to control the operation of the warm heat heat exchange unit 30 , wherein the brine passing through the heat radiation coil 12 is connected to a circulation line 14 by a cold water heat exchanger 60 and It is pre-cooled by an absorption chiller 62 , the absorption chiller 62 is provided to exchange heat with exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 , and the warm-heat heat exchange unit 30 is connected to the circulation line 14 of the brine circulation unit 10 .
  • a hot water heat exchanger 34 is provided, which is extended and connected and the brine movement is controlled on/off by the heat exchange three-way valve 32 , and the hot water heat exchanger 34 exchanges heat with a heat source moved to the second gas heat exchange unit 40 . It is characterized in that it is provided so as to raise the temperature of the brine by.
  • the present invention is not affected by external temperature by a waste heat recycling cycle that rapidly and accurately cools and heats the gas turbine intake air temperature using a combination of liquefied gas vaporization heat and gas turbine exhaust heat.
  • a waste heat recycling cycle that rapidly and accurately cools and heats the gas turbine intake air temperature using a combination of liquefied gas vaporization heat and gas turbine exhaust heat.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a cold brine mode of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an on-line mode of the system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an emergency operation mode of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a multi-cold brine mode of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a preferred embodiment of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control provided in the present invention.
  • the present invention is a gas turbine (2) using liquefied gas supplied from a fuel tank (1). ), which relates to a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control that drives In order to improve the gas turbine output without being affected by ), including the main components.
  • the heat radiation coil 12 for exchanging the intake air flowing into the compressor of the gas turbine 2 and the heat radiation coil 12 to circulate and supply the brine. It consists of a circulation line 14 in which a pump is installed, and a brine tank 16 that is installed directly or indirectly connected to the circulation line 14 to store brine.
  • the brine is a medium that circulates on the circulation line 14 by the pump operation and indirectly transports heat.
  • brine is used instead of water. It is preferable to selectively use among inorganic brine and organic brine of NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2.
  • the heat dissipation coil 12 is installed at the compressor inlet of the gas turbine 2 to cool or heat the inlet air by heat exchange, that is, the inlet air when the cooling brine circulates in the cold brine mode M1 to be described later. is cooled, and when the heating brine circulates in the on-brine mode (M2), the inlet air is heated.
  • the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is extended to the circulation line 14 and provided to cool the brine by heat exchange with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 .
  • a three-way valve 22 is installed at the rear end of the first gas heat exchange unit 20 , and a bypass line 18 branched from the circulation line 14 is installed in the three-way valve 22 .
  • the brine circulated through the circulation line 14 is moved to the heat radiation coil 12 side via the first gas heat exchange unit 20 when the three-way valve 22 is turned on, and the three-way valve 22 is turned off. During operation, it is configured to move toward the heat dissipation coil 12 through the bypass line 18 and not via the first gas heat exchange unit 20 .
  • the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is provided with a first line through which the liquefied gas moves and a second line through which the brine is moved, and heat exchange is performed between the liquefied gas and the brine moving along the first and second lines. is done
  • the density of air required for combustion is lowered and the output of the gas turbine is reduced.
  • the supplied liquefied gas is vaporized into vaporized gas (NG) while passing through the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and supplied to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine 2, and the brine is cooled to 4 to 6° C. ) side, the inlet air of the gas turbine 2 is heat-exchanged with the heat dissipation coil 12 and cooled to 11-13° C.
  • the brine heat-exchanged in the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and passed through the heat radiation coil 12 is pre-cooled by the cold water heat exchanger 60 and the absorption chiller 62 connected to the circulation line 14, and the absorption type
  • the refrigerator 62 is provided to exchange heat with exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 .
  • the absorption chiller 62 is a conventional chiller using the water absorption of the gas, and is configured to effectively utilize the exhaust heat generated by operating the turbine.
  • the absorption chiller 62 pre-cools the brine, which is heated while passing through the heat radiation coil 12, using cold water that is supplied with the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source and is heat-exchanged and output, so that thereafter the first gas heat exchange
  • the efficiency of the unit 20 can be improved, and the precision according to the control of the brine cooling temperature through the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is improved.
  • the absorption chiller 62 alone can cool and operate the brine that has passed through the heat dissipation coil 12 so that it can be operated even in an unexpected situation. able to deal with it stably.
  • the warm heat exchange unit 30 is connected to the circulation line 14 and is provided to heat the brine using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source.
  • the warm heat exchange unit 30 uses hot water heated by the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source to heat the brine that is circulated through the circulation line 14. It is configured to move directly toward the heat dissipation coil 12 without passing through the first gas heat exchange unit 20 .
  • the warm heat heat exchange unit 30 is connected to the circulation line 14 of the brine circulation unit 10 and is provided with a hot water heat exchanger 34 in which the brine movement is controlled on/off by the heat exchange three-way valve 32 . and the hot water heat exchanger 34 is provided so that the temperature of the brine is raised by heat exchange with the heat source moved to the second gas heat exchange unit 40 .
  • the brine that has passed through the warm heat exchange unit 30 is heated to 40 to 60° C. and moved to the heat radiation coil 12 side, and the air flowing into the gas turbine 2 in a low temperature environment exchanges heat with the heat radiation coil 12 .
  • it is heated at 11 ⁇ 13°C, it is possible to stably improve the gas turbine output even in very cold regions like Russia, and to improve the power generation efficiency when used as a generator power source.
  • the brine circulated through the circulation line 14 is configured to pass through the brine tank 16, and in response to the expansion and contraction operation according to the cooling or heating of the brine, the circulation line 14 is prevented from being damaged.
  • the brine circulation unit 10 When the brine circulation unit 10 is filled with air, it is possible to effectively remove the air, thereby increasing the efficiency of maintenance and management.
  • the second gas heat exchange unit 40 is provided to heat exchange the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 2 into vaporized gas by using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source.
  • the second gas heat exchange unit 40 is provided with a first line in which liquefied gas is moved and a second line in which hot water heated by exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 is moved, and moves along the first and second lines. By heat exchange between liquefied gas and hot water, the liquefied gas is vaporized into vaporized gas and supplied to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine (2).
  • the vaporized gas supply is smoothly performed even when the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is deactivated in the on-line mode (M2).
  • the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and the second gas heat exchange unit 40 may be omitted.
  • the control unit 50 controls the operation of the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 and the warm heat heat exchange unit 30, so that the cold brine mode (M1), the on-line mode (M2), the emergency It is provided to selectively execute any one of the driving mode (M3) and the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1').
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the cold brine mode (M1) of the gas turbine generator efficiency improvement system in a hot area, which activates the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and the absorption chiller 62, and turns on the three-way valve 22 It operates and cools the external hot intake air flowing into the turbine using the cooling brine output by exchanging the brine with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 .
  • the liquefied gas flowing into the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is phase-changed into vaporized gas by heat exchange with brine and supplied to the turbine.
  • the brine heated by heat exchange with the outside air in the heat radiation coil 12 may be primarily cooled by the cold water heat exchanger 60 installed on the circulation line 14 and collected into the brine tank 16 .
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing an on-line mode (M2) for improving the efficiency of a gas turbine generator in a cold region, which activates the warm heat exchange unit 30 and the second gas heat exchange unit 40, and a three-way valve 22 ) off operation and heat exchange three-way valve 32 on operates, and cold intake of outdoor air is performed using a heating brine that is output by exchanging brine with a heat source supplied to the second gas heat exchange unit 40 by the hot water heat exchanger 34 While heating the air, the liquefied gas is exchanged with the vaporized gas by the second gas heat exchange unit 40 to be supplied to the turbine.
  • M2 on-line mode
  • the system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control provided in the present invention can provide stable and excellent power generation efficiency by controlling the temperature of the intake side flowing into the gas turbine generator even in an extreme outdoor temperature environment.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram schematically illustrating an emergency operation mode of the system.
  • this emergency operation mode M3
  • the brine circulation through the circulation line 14 is stopped while the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is deactivated, and only the second gas heat exchange unit 40 is activated to convert liquefied gas into vaporized gas. It is supplied by heat exchange.
  • This system operation is performed when the external air temperature falls within the temperature range optimized for driving the gas turbine 2 and thus it is not necessary to control the intake side temperature, or when the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 and the warm heat heat exchange unit It is performed in order to vaporize liquid natural gas and supply it stably to the combustion chamber of the turbine even in an emergency situation in which the inlet air heat exchange using the brine is stopped due to the failure of (30).
  • the control unit 50 is provided to execute the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') when the heat source for exchanging the liquefied gas into the vaporized gas is insufficient in the cold brine mode (M1).
  • the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') is supplied by activating the second gas heat exchange unit 40 in a state in which the cold brine mode (M1) is executed to exchange heat with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 into vaporized gas. .
  • the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 may be controlled so that the total amount of vaporized gas output through (40) is constantly supplied.
  • the system for improving power generation efficiency through the intake air temperature control of the turbine provided in the present invention is a waste heat recycling cycle that rapidly and accurately cools and heats the gas turbine intake air temperature by using the vaporization heat of liquefied gas and the exhaust heat of the gas turbine. It has high industrial applicability because it can increase the output of the gas turbine without being affected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a system for increasing power generation efficiency by controlling inlet air temperature in a power generator rotating a turbine by means of a fuel such as LNG or oil, the system unaffected by external temperature by adjusting the temperature of air flowing into a gas turbine. The present invention comprises: a brine circulation unit (10) for heat-exchanging inlet air flowing into a compressor of a gas turbine (2); a first gas heat exchange unit (20) which extends and connects to a circulation line (14) and cools a brine by means of heat exchange with a liquefied gas supplied from a fuel tank (1); a hot heat exchange unit (30) which is connected to the circulation line (14) and heats the brine by using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine (2) as a heat source; a second gas heat exchange unit (40) which heat-exchanges a liquefied gas supplied from a fuel tank (2) into a vaporized gas by using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine (2) as a heat source; and a control unit (50) for controlling the operation of the first and second gas heat exchange units (20) (40) and the hot heat exchange unit (30).

Description

터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템Power generation efficiency improvement system through turbine intake air temperature control
본 발명은 터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템으로서, 이를 보다 상세히 설명하면 LNG나 오일 등의 연료를 이용하여 터빈을 돌리는 발전장치에 있어서, 가스터빈 안으로 유입되는 공기의 온도를 조절할 수 있는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention is a system for improving power generation efficiency by controlling the temperature of the intake air of a turbine. In more detail, in a power generation device that turns a turbine using fuel such as LNG or oil, the temperature of the air flowing into the gas turbine can be adjusted. It relates to a system for improving power generation efficiency through temperature control of intake air.
통상적으로 가스터빈은 압축기로 공기를 압축하고 압축된 공기를 연소실로 이끌어, 여기서 연료를 분산해서 연소시키고, 이때 생긴 고온 고압의 가스를 터빈에 내뿜으면서 팽창시켜 터빈을 회전시키는 회전형 열기관이다. 이러한 가스터빈은 기동 시간 및 정지 시간이 짧고 건설이 용이하다는 장점으로 인해 발전설비를 포함하는 산업분야에 널리 이용되고 있다.In general, a gas turbine is a rotary heat engine that compresses air with a compressor and leads the compressed air to a combustion chamber, where the fuel is dispersed and burned, and the resulting high-temperature and high-pressure gas is expanded while blowing into the turbine to rotate the turbine. These gas turbines are widely used in industrial fields including power generation facilities due to the advantages of short starting and stopping times and easy construction.
그러나 가스터빈 출력은 압축기로 공급되는 유입공기의 온도와 반비례하게 영향을 받는바, 대기온도가 높아지면 연소에 필요한 공기 밀도가 낮아져서 대기온도가 최고로 높은 하절기에 가스터빈의 최대 출력이 약 10%까지 저하됨에 따라 압축기로 주입되는 공기의 온도를 제어하기 위해 여러 가지 장치 및 방법들이 제안되고 있다.However, the gas turbine output is affected in inverse proportion to the temperature of the inlet air supplied to the compressor. As the air temperature increases, the density of the air required for combustion decreases. As the temperature decreases, various devices and methods have been proposed to control the temperature of the air injected into the compressor.
이에 종래에 개시된 특허등록 제10-1834450호에서, 가스 터빈의 공기 냉각 시스템은 LNG 탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 가압하는 증발가스 가압부; 상기 증발가스 가압부로부터 제공받은 가압 여분 증발가스를 가압 전 증발가스와 열교환하는 제1열교환부; 상기 제1열교환부를 거친 상기 가압 여분 증발가스를 팽창기를 거쳐 기체와 액체로 분리하는 기액분리기; 상기 기액분리기에서 액화된 증발가스와 순환 냉매를 열교환하는 제2 열교환부; 및 상기 순환 냉매를 이용하여 가압 흡입공기를 1차 열교환하는 제3열교환부를 포함하는 기술이 선 등록된 바 있다.Accordingly, in Patent Registration No. 10-1834450 disclosed in the prior art, an air cooling system of a gas turbine includes a boil-off gas pressurizing unit for pressurizing boil-off gas discharged from an LNG tank; a first heat exchange unit for exchanging the pressurized excess BOG provided from the BOG pressurizing unit with the BOG before pressurization; a gas-liquid separator for separating the pressurized excess BOG through the first heat exchanger into gas and liquid through an expander; a second heat exchange unit for exchanging the boil-off gas liquefied in the gas-liquid separator and the circulating refrigerant; and a technology including a third heat exchanger for primary heat-exchanging the pressurized suction air using the circulating refrigerant has been previously registered.
또한, 다른 특허등록 10-1549003호에서, 공기 유입부로 유입되는 공기를 압축하는 압축부와, 상기 압축된 공기를 NG(천연액화가스) 연료와 혼합한 다음 착화시켜 연소가스를 생성하는 연소부와, 상기 연소부에 NG연료를 공급하는 NG연료저장부와, 상기 NG연료저장부로부터 공급되는 NG연료를 가열하여 연소부에 공급하는 연료가열부를 포함하는 가스터빈에 있어서, 상기 NG연료저장부로부터 공급되는 저온의 NG연료를 냉매로 활용하여 상기 공기 유입부로 유입된 공기를 냉각시키고 열교환에 의해 온도가 상승된 NG연료를 상기 연료가열부로 공급하여 NG연료의 가열에너지를 절감시키는 열교환부를 포함하는 기술이 선 등록된 바 있다.In addition, in another patent registration No. 10-1549003, a compression unit for compressing the air flowing into the air inlet, and a combustion unit for mixing the compressed air with NG (natural liquefied gas) fuel and then igniting to generate combustion gas; In the gas turbine comprising a NG fuel storage unit for supplying NG fuel to the combustion unit, and a fuel heating unit for heating the NG fuel supplied from the NG fuel storage unit and supplying it to the combustion unit, from the NG fuel storage unit A technology comprising a heat exchange unit for cooling the air introduced into the air inlet by using the supplied low-temperature NG fuel as a refrigerant and supplying the NG fuel whose temperature has been raised by heat exchange to the fuel heating unit to reduce the heating energy of the NG fuel This line has been registered.
그러나, 상기 종래 기술들은 저온의 LNG연료를 냉매로 활용하여 고온의 유입 공기를 설정 온도로 냉각하여 압축기로 유입하려는 기술이나, 이는 단순히 고온의 유입 공기를 냉각하는 기능만을 수행하는 것으로 저온의 유입 공기로 인한 가스터빈 효율저하에 대한 대책 마련이 시급한 실정이다.However, the conventional technologies are techniques to use low-temperature LNG fuel as a refrigerant to cool high-temperature inlet air to a set temperature to introduce it into a compressor, but this is a technique that simply performs a function of cooling high-temperature inlet air. There is an urgent need to prepare countermeasures to reduce the efficiency of gas turbines due to this.
즉, 가스터빈을 하절기와 동절기 기온차가 크거나, 러시아와 같이 극동 지방에서 구동시, 유입공기 온도가 급격히 낮아 가스터빈 효율이 오히려 저하되고, 또 낮은 외부기온으로 인해 저온 고압상태의 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하는데 많은 에너지가 소모되므로 가스터빈을 이용한 발전효율 향상에 한계가 따랐다.That is, when the temperature difference between summer and winter is large, or when the gas turbine is driven in the Far East, such as Russia, the inlet air temperature is sharply lowered, which lowers the efficiency of the gas turbine. Since a lot of energy is consumed for heat exchange with gas, there is a limit to the improvement of power generation efficiency using gas turbines.
<선행기술문헌><Prior art literature>
(특허문헌 1) KR 10-1834450 B1 (2018.02.26.)(Patent Document 1) KR 10-1834450 B1 (2018.02.26.)
(특허문헌 2) KR 10-1549003 B1 (2015.08.26.)(Patent Document 2) KR 10-1549003 B1 (2015.08.26.)
본 발명에서는 상기한 종래 기술의 제반 문제점들을 해결코자 새로운 기술을 창안한 것으로서, 액화가스 기화열 및 가스터빈 배기열을 복합적으로 이용하여 가스터빈 흡입공기 온도를 신속 정확하게 냉각 및 히팅하는 폐열 재활용 사이클에 의해 외부 기온에 영향을 받지 않고 가스터빈 출력 향상을 도모할 수 있는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템을 제공함을 본 발명의 해결과제로 한다. In the present invention, a new technology was created to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is a waste heat recycling cycle that rapidly and accurately cools and heats the gas turbine intake air temperature by using combined heat of vaporization of liquefied gas and exhaust heat of gas turbine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control capable of improving gas turbine output without being affected by temperature.
또한, 배기열 회수가 충분한 경우 흡수식 냉동기를 활용하여 가스터빈의 흡입공기 냉각 효율을 높일 수 있는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템을 제공하는 것에 그 목적이 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control that can increase intake air cooling efficiency of a gas turbine by using an absorption chiller when exhaust heat recovery is sufficient.
상기한 발명의 과제를 해결하기 위한 구체적인 수단으로 본 발명에서는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템을 구성하되, 가스터빈(2)의 압축기 입구에 설치되어 압축기로 유입되는 흡입공기를 열교환하는 방열코일(12)과, 방열코일(12) 상으로 브라인을 순환 공급하는 순환라인(14)과, 순환라인(14)에 연결되어 브라인을 저장하는 브라인탱크(16)로 이루어지는 브라인 순환부(10)와; 상기 순환라인(14)에 연결되어 삼방밸브(22)에 의해 브라인 이동이 on/off 제어되고, 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 천연가스와 열교환에 의해 브라인을 냉각하도록 구비되는 제 1가스 열교환부(20)와; 상기 순환라인(14)에 연결되어, 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 열원으로 이용하여 브라인을 히팅하도록 구비되는 온열 열교환부(30)와; 상기 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 열원으로 이용하여 연료탱크(2)로부터 공급되는 액화가스를 기화가스(NG)로 열교환하도록 구비되는 제 2가스 열교환부(40); 및 상기 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40) 및 온열 열교환부(30) 작동을 제어하도록 구비되는 제어부(50)를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다. As a specific means for solving the above problems of the present invention, the present invention constitutes a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control, and is installed at the compressor inlet of the gas turbine 2 to heat-exchange the intake air flowing into the compressor. A brine circulation unit 10 comprising a coil 12, a circulation line 14 for circulating and supplying brine onto the heat radiation coil 12, and a brine tank 16 connected to the circulation line 14 to store brine. Wow; A first gas heat exchange unit connected to the circulation line 14 to control the movement of brine on/off by the three-way valve 22 and to cool the brine by heat exchange with natural gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 . (20) and; a thermal heat exchange unit 30 connected to the circulation line 14 and provided to heat the brine using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source; a second gas heat exchange unit 40 provided to exchange heat with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 2 into vaporized gas (NG) by using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source; and a control unit 50 provided to control the operation of the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 and the warm heat heat exchange unit 30 .
또한, 상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)에서 열교환되어 방열코일(12)을 거친 브라인은 순환라인(14)에 연결되는 냉수 열교환기(60) 및 흡수식 냉동기(62)에 의해 예냉되고, 상기 흡수식 냉동기(62)는 가스터빈(2) 배기열과 열교환되도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다. In addition, the brine heat-exchanged in the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and passed through the heat radiation coil 12 is pre-cooled by the cold water heat exchanger 60 and the absorption chiller 62 connected to the circulation line 14, and the absorption type The refrigerator 62 is characterized in that it is provided to exchange heat with the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 .
또한, 상기 온열 열교환부(30)는 브라인 순환부(10)의 순환라인(14)에 확장 연결되어 열교환 삼방밸브(32)에 의해 브라인 이동이 on/off 제어되는 온수 열교환기(34)가 구비되고, 온수 열교환기(34)는 제 2가스 열교환부(40)로 이동되는 열원과 열교환에 의해 브라인이 승온되도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the warm heat heat exchange unit 30 is extended to the circulation line 14 of the brine circulation unit 10, and a hot water heat exchanger 34 is provided in which the brine movement is controlled on/off by the heat exchange three-way valve 32. and the hot water heat exchanger 34 is characterized in that it is provided so that the temperature of the brine is raised by heat exchange with the heat source moved to the second gas heat exchange unit 40 .
또한, 상기 제어부(50)는, 제 1가스 열교환부(20) 및 흡수식 냉동기(62) 활성화, 삼방밸브(22) on 작동하고, 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 액화가스와 브라인을 열교환하여 출력되는 냉각 브라인을 이용하여 흡입공기를 냉각하면서 제 1가스 열교환부(20)에 의해 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하도록 제어하는 냉브라인 모드(M1)와, 상기 온열 열교환부(30) 및 제 2가스 열교환부(40) 활성화, 삼방밸브(22) off 작동 및 열교환 삼방밸브(32) on 작동하고, 온수 열교환기(340)에 의해 제 2가스 열교환부(40)로 공급되는 열원과 브라인을 열교환하여 출력되는 히팅 브라인을 이용하여 흡입공기를 히팅하면서 제 2가스 열교환부(40)에 의해 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하도록 제어하는 온브라인 모드(M2)와, 상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 비활성화하면서 순환라인(14)를 통한 브라인 순환을 정지하고, 제 2가스 열교환부(40) 활성화로 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하여 공급하는 비상운전 모드(M3) 중 어느 하나의 모드를 실행하도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the control unit 50 activates the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and the absorption chiller 62 , operates the three-way valve 22 on, and heat-exchanges the liquefied gas and brine supplied from the fuel tank 1 to output A cold brine mode (M1) for controlling the heat exchange of liquefied gas to vaporized gas by the first gas heat exchange unit 20 while cooling the intake air using the cooling brine, the warm heat exchange unit 30 and the second gas The heat exchange unit 40 is activated, the three-way valve 22 is off, and the heat exchange three-way valve 32 is on, and the heat source and brine supplied to the second gas heat exchanger 40 by the hot water heat exchanger 340 are exchanged for heat exchange. The on-brine mode (M2) for controlling the heat exchange of liquefied gas to vaporized gas by the second gas heat exchange unit 40 while heating the intake air using the output heating brine, and the first gas heat exchange unit 20; Stops the brine circulation through the circulation line 14 while deactivating, and executes any one mode of the emergency operation mode (M3) for supplying heat exchange between liquefied gas and vaporized gas by activating the second gas heat exchange unit 40 characterized by being
또한, 상기 제어부(50)는 냉브라인 모드(M1)에서 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하는 열원이 부족할 경우 보조 냉브라인 모드(M1')가 실행되고, 상기 보조 냉브라인 모드(M1')는 냉브라인 모드(M1)를 실행한 상태로 제 2가스 열교환부(40)를 활성화하여 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하여 공급하고, 상기 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40)로 투입되는 액화가스량은 제 1, 2밸브(21)(41)의 연계작동에 의해 비례제어 되어 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40)를 거쳐 출력되는 기화가스 총량이 일정하게 제어되도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the control unit 50 executes the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') when the heat source for exchanging the liquefied gas into the vaporized gas is insufficient in the cold brine mode (M1), and the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') is cooled In a state in which the brine mode (M1) is executed, the second gas heat exchange unit 40 is activated to heat exchange the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 into vaporized gas, and the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 ) 40, the amount of liquefied gas is proportionally controlled by the linked operation of the first and second valves 21 and 41, and the total amount of vaporized gas output through the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 It is characterized in that it is provided to be constantly controlled.
가스터빈(2)의 압축기 입구에 설치되어 압축기로 유입되는 흡입공기를 열교환하는 방열코일(12)과, 방열코일(12) 상으로 브라인을 순환 공급하는 순환라인(14)과, 순환라인(14)에 연결되어 브라인을 저장하는 브라인탱크(16)로 이루어지는 브라인 순환부(10); 상기 순환라인(14)에 연결되어, 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 열원으로 이용하여 브라인을 히팅하도록 구비되는 온열 열교환부(30); 및 상기 온열 열교환부(30) 작동을 제어하도록 구비되는 제어부(50);를 포함하여 이루어지며, 상기 방열코일(12)을 거친 브라인은 순환라인(14)에 연결되는 냉수 열교환기(60) 및 흡수식 냉동기(62)에 의해 예냉되고, 상기 흡수식 냉동기(62)는 가스터빈(2) 배기열과 열교환되도록 구비되며, 상기 온열 열교환부(30)는 브라인 순환부(10)의 순환라인(14)에 확장 연결되어 열교환 삼방밸브(32)에 의해 브라인 이동이 on/off 제어되는 온수 열교환기(34)가 구비되고, 온수 열교환기(34)는 제 2가스 열교환부(40)로 이동되는 열원과 열교환에 의해 브라인이 승온되도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다.A heat radiation coil 12 installed at the compressor inlet of the gas turbine 2 to exchange heat with intake air flowing into the compressor, a circulation line 14 for circulating and supplying brine onto the heat radiation coil 12, and a circulation line 14 ) connected to the brine circulation unit 10 consisting of a brine tank 16 for storing the brine; a thermal heat exchange unit 30 connected to the circulation line 14 and provided to heat the brine using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source; and a control unit 50 provided to control the operation of the warm heat heat exchange unit 30 , wherein the brine passing through the heat radiation coil 12 is connected to a circulation line 14 by a cold water heat exchanger 60 and It is pre-cooled by an absorption chiller 62 , the absorption chiller 62 is provided to exchange heat with exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 , and the warm-heat heat exchange unit 30 is connected to the circulation line 14 of the brine circulation unit 10 . A hot water heat exchanger 34 is provided, which is extended and connected and the brine movement is controlled on/off by the heat exchange three-way valve 32 , and the hot water heat exchanger 34 exchanges heat with a heat source moved to the second gas heat exchange unit 40 . It is characterized in that it is provided so as to raise the temperature of the brine by.
상술한 과제 해결을 위한 구체적인 수단에 의하면, 본 발명은 액화가스 기화열 및 가스터빈 배기열을 복합적으로 이용하여 가스터빈 흡입공기 온도를 신속 정확하게 냉각 및 히팅하는 폐열 재활용 사이클에 의해 외부 기온에 영향을 받지 않고 가스터빈의 출력 향상을 높일 수 있는 장점이 있다. According to the specific means for solving the above problems, the present invention is not affected by external temperature by a waste heat recycling cycle that rapidly and accurately cools and heats the gas turbine intake air temperature using a combination of liquefied gas vaporization heat and gas turbine exhaust heat. There is an advantage in that the output improvement of the gas turbine can be increased.
또한, 배기열 회수가 충분한 경우 흡수식 냉동기를 활용하여 가스터빈의 흡입공기 냉각 효율을 증대할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, when exhaust heat recovery is sufficient, there is an effect that the intake air cooling efficiency of the gas turbine can be increased by using an absorption chiller.
도 1은 본 발명에서 제공하는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템의 바람직한 일 실시예를 도시한 전체 구성도.1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control provided by the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템의 냉브라인 모드를 개략적으로 나타내는 구성도.2 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a cold brine mode of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템의 온브라인 모드를 개략적으로 나타내는 구성도.3 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an on-line mode of the system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control.
도 4는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템의 비상운전 모드를 개략적으로 나타내는 구성도.4 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an emergency operation mode of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control.
도 5는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템의 멀티 냉브라인 모드를 개략적으로 나타내는 구성도.5 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a multi-cold brine mode of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control.
이하 첨부된 도면의 구체적인 실시예에 따라 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명한다. 본 발명의 구성 실시예에 따른 하기 도면은 구성과 작용효과를 구체적으로 설명하기 위한 실시예로서, 실시예에 기초하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상의 범위 안에서 다양한 변형실시가 가능함은 통상의 기술자에게는 당연하다할 것이다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail according to specific embodiments of the accompanying drawings. The following drawings according to the structural embodiment of the present invention are embodiments for explaining the configuration and effects in detail, and it is natural for those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention based on the embodiments. something to do.
명세서 전체에서, 어떤 부분이 다른 부분과 "연결"되어 있다고 할 때, 이는 "직접적으로 연결"되어 있는 경우뿐 아니라, 그 중간에 다른 부재를 사이에 두고 "간접적으로 연결"되어 있는 경우도 포함한다.Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected" with another part, it includes not only the case where it is "directly connected" but also the case where it is "indirectly connected" with another member interposed therebetween. .
도 1은 본 발명에서 제공하는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템의 바람직한 일 실시예를 도시한 전체 구성도로, 본 발명은 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 액화가스를 이용하여 가스터빈(2)을 구동하는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템에 관한 것으로, 이는 액화가스 기화열 및 가스터빈 배기열을 복합적으로 이용하여 가스터빈 흡입공기 온도를 신속 정확하게 냉각 및 히팅하는 폐열 재활용 사이클에 의해 외부 기온에 영향을 받지 않고 가스터빈 출력을 향상시킬 수 있도록 하기 위해 브라인 순환부(10), 제 1가스 열교환부(20), 온열 열교환부(30), 제 2가스 열교환부(40) 및 제어부(50)를 포함하는 주요구성으로 이루어진다.1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a preferred embodiment of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control provided in the present invention. The present invention is a gas turbine (2) using liquefied gas supplied from a fuel tank (1). ), which relates to a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control that drives In order to improve the gas turbine output without being affected by ), including the main components.
본 발명의 명세서와 도면에서는 가스터빈(2)의 연료로 LNG를 사용한 예를 주로 기술하고 있으나, 연소실의 구조를 변형하여 등유나 경유 등 다양한 연료를 사용할 수 있음은 당연하다. Although the specification and drawings of the present invention mainly describe an example in which LNG is used as the fuel of the gas turbine 2, it is natural that various fuels such as kerosene or diesel may be used by modifying the structure of the combustion chamber.
먼저 본 발명에 따른 브라인 순환부(10)를 살펴보면, 상기 가스터빈(2)의 압축기로 유입되는 흡입공기를 열교환하는 방열코일(12)과, 방열코일(12) 상으로 브라인을 순환 공급하기 위해 펌프가 설치되는 순환라인(14)과, 순환라인(14)에 직접 또는 간적접으로 연결 설치되어 브라인을 저장하는 브라인탱크(16)로 이루어진다. First, looking at the brine circulation unit 10 according to the present invention, the heat radiation coil 12 for exchanging the intake air flowing into the compressor of the gas turbine 2 and the heat radiation coil 12 to circulate and supply the brine. It consists of a circulation line 14 in which a pump is installed, and a brine tank 16 that is installed directly or indirectly connected to the circulation line 14 to store brine.
여기서 브라인은 펌프 작동에 의해 순환라인(14)을 타고 순환하며 간접적으로 열을 운반하는 매개체로서, 감열에 의하여 열을 이동하면서도 누수나 파손 시 터빈엔진에 심각한 손상이나 고장을 야기하지 않도록 하기 위해 물 대신 NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2의 무기질 브라인, 유기질 브라인 중 선택적으로 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. Here, the brine is a medium that circulates on the circulation line 14 by the pump operation and indirectly transports heat. In order to prevent serious damage or failure to the turbine engine in case of leakage or breakage while transferring heat by direct heat, brine is used instead of water. It is preferable to selectively use among inorganic brine and organic brine of NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2.
상기 방열코일(12)은 가스터빈(2)의 압축기 입구에 설치되어 열교환에 의해 유입공기를 냉각 또는 히팅하도록 구비되는바, 즉, 후술하는 냉브라인 모드(M1)에서 냉각 브라인이 순환 시 유입공기가 냉각 처리되고, 온브라인 모드(M2)에서 히팅 브라인이 순환 시 유입공기가 히팅 처리되게 된다.The heat dissipation coil 12 is installed at the compressor inlet of the gas turbine 2 to cool or heat the inlet air by heat exchange, that is, the inlet air when the cooling brine circulates in the cold brine mode M1 to be described later. is cooled, and when the heating brine circulates in the on-brine mode (M2), the inlet air is heated.
본 발명에 따른 제 1가스 열교환부(20)는 상기 순환라인(14)에 확장 연결되어 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 액화가스와 열교환에 의해 브라인을 냉각하도록 구비된다.The first gas heat exchange unit 20 according to the present invention is extended to the circulation line 14 and provided to cool the brine by heat exchange with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 .
상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)의 후단에는 삼방밸브(22)가 설치되며, 이 삼방밸브(22)에는 순환라인(14)에서 분기되는 바이패스라인(18)이 설치된다.A three-way valve 22 is installed at the rear end of the first gas heat exchange unit 20 , and a bypass line 18 branched from the circulation line 14 is installed in the three-way valve 22 .
따라서 상기 순환라인(14)을 타고 순환되는 브라인은 삼방밸브(22)가 on 작동 시 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 경유하여 방열코일(12) 측으로 이동되며, 또 삼방밸브(22)가 off 작동 시에는 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 경유하지 바이패스라인(18)을 통해 방열코일(12) 측으로 이동되도록 구성된다.Therefore, the brine circulated through the circulation line 14 is moved to the heat radiation coil 12 side via the first gas heat exchange unit 20 when the three-way valve 22 is turned on, and the three-way valve 22 is turned off. During operation, it is configured to move toward the heat dissipation coil 12 through the bypass line 18 and not via the first gas heat exchange unit 20 .
그리고, 상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)는 내부에 액화가스가 이동되는 제1라인과 브라인이 이동되는 제 2라인이 구비되고, 제 1, 2라인을 타고 이동하는 액화가스와 브라인 간에 열교환이 이루어진다.In addition, the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is provided with a first line through which the liquefied gas moves and a second line through which the brine is moved, and heat exchange is performed between the liquefied gas and the brine moving along the first and second lines. is done
중남미, 중동, 동남아 등지의 고온 환경에서는 연소에 필요한 공기 밀도가 낮아져서 가스터빈의 출력이 저하되는데, 상기와 같이 구성되는 본 발명의 시스템에 의하면, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 연료탱크(1)에서 공급되는 액화가스는 상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 거치면서 기화가스(NG)로 기화되어 가스터빈(2)의 연소실로 공급되고, 또 브라인은 4~6℃로 냉각되어 방열코일(12) 측으로 이동되면 가스터빈(2) 유입공기가 방열코일(12)과 열교환되어 11~13℃로 냉각되므로, 고온 환경에서도 가스터빈의 출력저하현상이 방지되어 발전효율 향상을 도모할 수 있게 된다. In high-temperature environments in Central and South America, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, etc., the density of air required for combustion is lowered and the output of the gas turbine is reduced. The supplied liquefied gas is vaporized into vaporized gas (NG) while passing through the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and supplied to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine 2, and the brine is cooled to 4 to 6° C. ) side, the inlet air of the gas turbine 2 is heat-exchanged with the heat dissipation coil 12 and cooled to 11-13° C.
한편, 상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)에서 열교환되어 방열코일(12)을 거친 브라인은 순환라인(14)에 연결되는 냉수 열교환기(60) 및 흡수식 냉동기(62)에 의해 예냉되고, 상기 흡수식 냉동기(62)는 가스터빈(2) 배기열과 열교환되도록 구비된다. 여기서 흡수식 냉동기(62) 기체의 물에 의한 흡수성을 이용한 통상의 냉동기로서, 터빈을 가동함으로써 발생되는 배기열을 효과적으로 활용하기 위한 구성이다.On the other hand, the brine heat-exchanged in the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and passed through the heat radiation coil 12 is pre-cooled by the cold water heat exchanger 60 and the absorption chiller 62 connected to the circulation line 14, and the absorption type The refrigerator 62 is provided to exchange heat with exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 . Here, the absorption chiller 62 is a conventional chiller using the water absorption of the gas, and is configured to effectively utilize the exhaust heat generated by operating the turbine.
구체적으로, 상기 흡수식 냉동기(62)는 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 온열공급원으로 공급받아 열교환되어 출력되는 냉수를 이용하여 방열코일(12)을 거치면서 승온된 브라인을 예냉하므로, 이후 제 1가스 열교환부(20)의 효율을 향상시킬 수 있고, 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 통한 브라인 냉각 온도 제어에 따른 정밀도가 향상된다. Specifically, the absorption chiller 62 pre-cools the brine, which is heated while passing through the heat radiation coil 12, using cold water that is supplied with the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source and is heat-exchanged and output, so that thereafter the first gas heat exchange The efficiency of the unit 20 can be improved, and the precision according to the control of the brine cooling temperature through the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is improved.
또한, 도면에 도시되지는 않았지만, 제 1가스 열교환부(20) 측에 고장이나 문제가 발생하였을 때 상기 흡수식 냉동기(62)만으로 방열코일(12)을 거친 브라인을 냉각하여 운전할 수 있어 돌발 상황에도 안정적으로 대처할 수 있게 된다. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, when a failure or problem occurs on the first gas heat exchange unit 20 side, the absorption chiller 62 alone can cool and operate the brine that has passed through the heat dissipation coil 12 so that it can be operated even in an unexpected situation. able to deal with it stably.
다음으로 본 발명에 따른 온열 열교환부(30)는 상기 순환라인(14)에 연결되어, 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 열원으로 이용하여 브라인을 히팅하도록 구비된다. 온열 열교환부(30)는 가스터빈(2) 배기열에 의해 히팅된 온수를 열원으로 이용하여 순환라인(14)을 타고 순환되는 브라인을 히팅하는바, 이때 브라인은 삼방밸브(22) off 작동으로 인해 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 경유하지 않고 방열코일(12) 측으로 다이렉트 이동되도록 구성된다.Next, the warm heat exchange unit 30 according to the present invention is connected to the circulation line 14 and is provided to heat the brine using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source. The warm heat exchange unit 30 uses hot water heated by the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source to heat the brine that is circulated through the circulation line 14. It is configured to move directly toward the heat dissipation coil 12 without passing through the first gas heat exchange unit 20 .
즉, 상기 온열 열교환부(30)는 브라인 순환부(10)의 순환라인(14)에 확장 연결되어 열교환 삼방밸브(32)에 의해 브라인 이동이 on/off 제어되는 온수 열교환기(34)가 구비되고, 온수 열교환기(34)는 제 2가스 열교환부(40)로 이동되는 열원과 열교환에 의해 브라인이 승온되도록 구비된다.That is, the warm heat heat exchange unit 30 is connected to the circulation line 14 of the brine circulation unit 10 and is provided with a hot water heat exchanger 34 in which the brine movement is controlled on/off by the heat exchange three-way valve 32 . and the hot water heat exchanger 34 is provided so that the temperature of the brine is raised by heat exchange with the heat source moved to the second gas heat exchange unit 40 .
이에 상기 온열 열교환부(30)를 거친 브라인은 40~60℃로 히팅되어 방열코일(12) 측으로 이동되고, 기온이 낮은 환경에서 가스터빈(2)으로 유입되는 공기가 방열코일(12)과 열교환되어 11~13℃로 히팅되므로, 러시아와 같이 매우 추운지역에서도 가스터빈 출력을 안정적으로 향상시킬 수 있고, 발전기 동력원으로 이용시 발전효율 향상을 도모한다.Accordingly, the brine that has passed through the warm heat exchange unit 30 is heated to 40 to 60° C. and moved to the heat radiation coil 12 side, and the air flowing into the gas turbine 2 in a low temperature environment exchanges heat with the heat radiation coil 12 . As it is heated at 11~13℃, it is possible to stably improve the gas turbine output even in very cold regions like Russia, and to improve the power generation efficiency when used as a generator power source.
한편, 상기 순환라인(14)을 타고 순환되는 브라인은 브라인탱크(16)를 경유하도록 구성되어, 브라인의 냉각 또는 히팅에 따른 팽창, 수축 작동에 대응하여 순환라인(14) 손상을 방지함과 더불어 브라인 순환부(10)에 에어가 찼을 경우 효과적으로 에어를 제거할 수 있어 유지 보수 및 관리의 효율성을 높이게 된다. On the other hand, the brine circulated through the circulation line 14 is configured to pass through the brine tank 16, and in response to the expansion and contraction operation according to the cooling or heating of the brine, the circulation line 14 is prevented from being damaged. When the brine circulation unit 10 is filled with air, it is possible to effectively remove the air, thereby increasing the efficiency of maintenance and management.
본 발명에 따른 제 2가스 열교환부(40)는 상기 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 열원으로 이용하여 연료탱크(2)로부터 공급되는 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하도록 구비된다. 제 2가스 열교환부(40)는 내부에 액화가스가 이동되는 제1라인과 가스터빈(2) 배기열에 의해 히팅된 온수가 이동되는 제 2라인이 구비되고, 제 1, 2라인을 타고 이동하는 액화가스와 온수 간에 열교환에 의해 액화가스는 기화가스로 기화되어 가스터빈(2) 연소실로 공급된다.The second gas heat exchange unit 40 according to the present invention is provided to heat exchange the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 2 into vaporized gas by using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source. The second gas heat exchange unit 40 is provided with a first line in which liquefied gas is moved and a second line in which hot water heated by exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 is moved, and moves along the first and second lines. By heat exchange between liquefied gas and hot water, the liquefied gas is vaporized into vaporized gas and supplied to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine (2).
이처럼 액화가스가 제 2가스 열교환부(40)에 의해 기화가스로 기화되어 공급됨에 따라 온브라인 모드(M2)에서 제 1가스 열교환부(20)가 비활성화되더라도 기화가스 공급이 원활하게 이루어진다.As such, as the liquefied gas is vaporized and supplied as vaporized gas by the second gas heat exchange unit 40 , the vaporized gas supply is smoothly performed even when the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is deactivated in the on-line mode (M2).
만약, 가스터빈(2)의 연료를 LNG가 아닌 연료용으로 정제한 오일을 사용할 경우에는 상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)와 제 2 가스 열교환부(40)가 생략될 수 있을 것이다. If the fuel of the gas turbine 2 is refined for fuel other than LNG, the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and the second gas heat exchange unit 40 may be omitted.
본 발명에 따른 제어부(50)는 상기 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40) 및 온열 열교환부(30) 작동을 제어하여, 냉브라인 모드(M1), 온브라인 모드(M2), 비상운전 모드(M3) 및 보조 냉브라인 모드(M1') 중 어느 하나의 모드를 선택적으로 실행하도록 구비된다.The control unit 50 according to the present invention controls the operation of the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 and the warm heat heat exchange unit 30, so that the cold brine mode (M1), the on-line mode (M2), the emergency It is provided to selectively execute any one of the driving mode (M3) and the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1').
도 2는 더운지역에서 가스터빈 발전기 효율향상 시스템의 냉브라인 모드(M1)를 개략적으로 나타내는 구성도로, 이는 제 1가스 열교환부(20) 및 흡수식 냉동기(62) 활성화, 삼방밸브(22)를 on 작동하고, 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 액화가스와 브라인을 열교환하여 출력되는 냉각 브라인을 이용하여 터빈 내부로 유입되는 외부의 더운 흡입공기를 냉각하게 된다. 이 때 제 1가스 열교환부(20)로 유입된 액화가스는 브라인과의 열교환에 의해 기화가스로 상변화하여 터빈으로 공급된다. 2 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the cold brine mode (M1) of the gas turbine generator efficiency improvement system in a hot area, which activates the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and the absorption chiller 62, and turns on the three-way valve 22 It operates and cools the external hot intake air flowing into the turbine using the cooling brine output by exchanging the brine with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 . At this time, the liquefied gas flowing into the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is phase-changed into vaporized gas by heat exchange with brine and supplied to the turbine.
또한, 방열코일(12)에서 외기와 열교환되어 승온된 브라인은 순환라인(14) 상에 설치된 냉수 열교환기(60)에 의해 일차 냉각되어 브라인탱크(16) 내로 집수될 수 있다. In addition, the brine heated by heat exchange with the outside air in the heat radiation coil 12 may be primarily cooled by the cold water heat exchanger 60 installed on the circulation line 14 and collected into the brine tank 16 .
도 3은 추운지역에서 가스터빈 발전기 효율을 향상시키기 위한 온브라인 모드(M2)를 개략적으로 나타내는 구성도로, 이는 상기 온열 열교환부(30) 및 제 2가스 열교환부(40) 활성화, 삼방밸브(22) off 작동 및 열교환 삼방밸브(32) on 작동하고, 온수 열교환기(34)에 의해 제 2가스 열교환부(40)로 공급되는 열원과 브라인을 열교환하여 출력되는 히팅 브라인을 이용하여 외기의 차가운 흡입공기를 히팅하면서 제 2가스 열교환부(40)에 의해 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하여 터빈으로 공급되게 된다. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing an on-line mode (M2) for improving the efficiency of a gas turbine generator in a cold region, which activates the warm heat exchange unit 30 and the second gas heat exchange unit 40, and a three-way valve 22 ) off operation and heat exchange three-way valve 32 on operates, and cold intake of outdoor air is performed using a heating brine that is output by exchanging brine with a heat source supplied to the second gas heat exchange unit 40 by the hot water heat exchanger 34 While heating the air, the liquefied gas is exchanged with the vaporized gas by the second gas heat exchange unit 40 to be supplied to the turbine.
우리나라의 동절기나, 극한지역에서는 제 2가스 열교환부(40)의 열원으로 상기 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 액화가스를 기화가스로 변화시키는 온열원으로 활용할 수 있어 효율적이면서 불필요한 에너지 소비를 줄일 수 있는 장점을 갖는다. In the winter season or extreme cold regions of Korea, it is possible to use the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source of the second gas heat exchange unit 40 as a heat source for converting liquefied gas into vaporized gas, which is efficient and can reduce unnecessary energy consumption. have an advantage
이처럼 본 발명에서 제공하는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템은 극한적인 외기온도 환경에서도 가스터빈 발전기로 유입되는 흡입(intake)측 온도를 제어하여 안정적이고 우수한 발전효율을 제공할 수 있는 것이다. As such, the system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control provided in the present invention can provide stable and excellent power generation efficiency by controlling the temperature of the intake side flowing into the gas turbine generator even in an extreme outdoor temperature environment.
도 4는 시스템의 비상운전 모드를 개략적으로 나타내는 구성도이다. 이 비상운전 모드(M3)는 상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 비활성화하면서 순환라인(14)을 통한 브라인 순환을 정지하고, 제 2가스 열교환부(40)만 활성화시켜 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하여 공급한다. 4 is a configuration diagram schematically illustrating an emergency operation mode of the system. In this emergency operation mode (M3), the brine circulation through the circulation line 14 is stopped while the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is deactivated, and only the second gas heat exchange unit 40 is activated to convert liquefied gas into vaporized gas. It is supplied by heat exchange.
이러한 시스템 운전은 외부 기온이 가스터빈(2) 구동에 최적화된 온도범위에 해당되어 흡입측 온도를 제어할 필요가 없는 경우, 또는 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40) 및 온열 열교환부(30)의 고장으로 브라인을 이용한 유입공기 열교환이 정지된 비상상황에서도 액상의 천연가스를 기화시켜 터빈의 연소실로 안정적으로 공급될 수 있도록 하기 위한 경우에 수행하게 된다. This system operation is performed when the external air temperature falls within the temperature range optimized for driving the gas turbine 2 and thus it is not necessary to control the intake side temperature, or when the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 and the warm heat heat exchange unit It is performed in order to vaporize liquid natural gas and supply it stably to the combustion chamber of the turbine even in an emergency situation in which the inlet air heat exchange using the brine is stopped due to the failure of (30).
도 5는 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템의 멀티 냉브라인 모드를 개략적으로 나타내는 구성도이다. 상기 제어부(50)는 냉브라인 모드(M1)에서 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하는 열원이 부족할 경우 보조 냉브라인 모드(M1')가 실행되도록 구비된다. 상기 보조 냉브라인 모드(M1')는 냉브라인 모드(M1)를 실행한 상태로 제 2가스 열교환부(40)를 활성화하여 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하여 공급된다.5 is a configuration diagram schematically illustrating a multi-cold brine mode of a system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control. The control unit 50 is provided to execute the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') when the heat source for exchanging the liquefied gas into the vaporized gas is insufficient in the cold brine mode (M1). The auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') is supplied by activating the second gas heat exchange unit 40 in a state in which the cold brine mode (M1) is executed to exchange heat with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 into vaporized gas. .
즉, 상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 순환하는 브라인의 온도가 낮을수록 액화가스와의 열교환 효율이 저하되어 기화가스 공급량이 감소되는데, 이처럼 브라인 순환부(10)의 브라인 온도가 낮아 제 1가스 열교환부(20)만으로 가스터빈 발전기에 필요로 하는 기화가스를 확보하기 어려운 경우라도 상기 제 2가스 열교환부(40) 활성화로 인해 액화가스가 기화가스로 기화되어 보충될 수 있도록 한다. That is, the lower the temperature of the brine circulating in the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is, the lower the heat exchange efficiency with the liquefied gas decreases the vaporized gas supply. Even when it is difficult to secure the vaporized gas required for the gas turbine generator with only the gas heat exchange unit 20 , the liquefied gas is vaporized and replenished with vaporized gas due to the activation of the second gas heat exchange unit 40 .
이때 상기 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40)로 투입되는 액화가스량은 제 1, 2밸브(21)(41)의 연계작동에 의해 비례제어 되므로, 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40)를 거쳐 출력되는 기화가스 총량이 일정하게 공급되도록 제어될 수 있다. At this time, since the amount of liquefied gas input to the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 is proportionally controlled by the linked operation of the first and second valves 21 and 41, the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 ) may be controlled so that the total amount of vaporized gas output through (40) is constantly supplied.
이상과 같이 본 발명의 상세한 설명에는 본 발명의 가장 바람직한 실시 예에 관하여 설명하였으나, 본 발명의 기술범위에 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서는 다양한 변형실시도 가능하다 할 것이다. 따라서 본 발명의 보호범위는 상기 실시 예에 한정하여 정하여 질 것이 아니라 후술하는 특허청구범위의 기술들과 이들 기술로부터 균등한 기술수단들에까지 보호범위가 인정되어야 할 것이다.As described above, in the detailed description of the present invention, the most preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described, but various modifications may be made within the scope not departing from the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but the protection scope should be recognized from the techniques of the claims to be described later and equivalent technical means from these techniques.
본 발명에서 제공하는 터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템은 액화가스 기화열 및 가스터빈 배기열을 복합적으로 이용하여 가스터빈 흡입공기 온도를 신속 정확하게 냉각 및 히팅하는 폐열 재활용 사이클에 의해 외부 기온에 영향을 받지 않고 가스터빈의 출력 향상을 높일 수 있어 산업상 이용가능성이 높다. The system for improving power generation efficiency through the intake air temperature control of the turbine provided in the present invention is a waste heat recycling cycle that rapidly and accurately cools and heats the gas turbine intake air temperature by using the vaporization heat of liquefied gas and the exhaust heat of the gas turbine. It has high industrial applicability because it can increase the output of the gas turbine without being affected.

Claims (6)

  1. 가스터빈(2)의 압축기 입구에 설치되어 압축기로 유입되는 흡입공기를 열교환하는 방열코일(12)과, 방열코일(12) 상으로 브라인을 순환 공급하는 순환라인(14)과, 순환라인(14)에 연결되어 브라인을 저장하는 브라인탱크(16)로 이루어지는 브라인 순환부(10);A heat radiation coil 12 installed at the compressor inlet of the gas turbine 2 to exchange heat with intake air flowing into the compressor, a circulation line 14 for circulating and supplying brine onto the heat radiation coil 12, and a circulation line 14 ) connected to the brine circulation unit 10 consisting of a brine tank 16 for storing the brine;
    상기 순환라인(14)에 연결되어 삼방밸브(22)에 의해 브라인 이동이 on/off 제어되고, 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 천연가스와 열교환에 의해 브라인을 냉각하도록 구비되는 제 1가스 열교환부(20);A first gas heat exchange unit connected to the circulation line 14 to control the movement of brine on/off by the three-way valve 22 and to cool the brine by heat exchange with natural gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 . (20);
    상기 순환라인(14)에 연결되어, 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 열원으로 이용하여 브라인을 히팅하도록 구비되는 온열 열교환부(30);a thermal heat exchange unit 30 connected to the circulation line 14 and provided to heat the brine using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source;
    상기 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 열원으로 이용하여 연료탱크(2)로부터 공급되는 액화가스를 기화가스(NG)로 열교환하도록 구비되는 제 2가스 열교환부(40); 및a second gas heat exchange unit 40 provided to exchange heat with the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 2 into vaporized gas (NG) by using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source; and
    상기 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40) 및 온열 열교환부(30) 작동을 제어하도록 구비되는 제어부(50);를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템.Power generation efficiency through the intake air temperature control of the turbine, characterized in that it comprises; improvement system.
  2. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)에서 열교환되어 방열코일(12)을 거친 브라인은 순환라인(14)에 연결되는 냉수 열교환기(60) 및 흡수식 냉동기(62)에 의해 예냉되고, 상기 흡수식 냉동기(62)는 가스터빈(2) 배기열과 열교환되도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템.The brine heat-exchanged in the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and passed through the heat radiation coil 12 is pre-cooled by the cold water heat exchanger 60 and the absorption chiller 62 connected to the circulation line 14, and the absorption chiller ( 62) is a gas turbine (2) system for improving power generation efficiency through intake air temperature control, characterized in that it is provided to exchange heat with exhaust heat.
  3. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 온열 열교환부(30)는 브라인 순환부(10)의 순환라인(14)에 확장 연결되어 열교환 삼방밸브(32)에 의해 브라인 이동이 on/off 제어되는 온수 열교환기(34)가 구비되고, 온수 열교환기(34)는 제 2가스 열교환부(40)로 이동되는 열원과 열교환에 의해 브라인이 승온되도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템.The warm heat heat exchange unit 30 is provided with a hot water heat exchanger 34 that is extended and connected to the circulation line 14 of the brine circulation unit 10, and the brine movement is controlled on/off by the heat exchange three-way valve 32, The hot water heat exchanger (34) is provided to increase the temperature of the brine by heat exchange with the heat source moved to the second gas heat exchange unit (40).
  4. 제 3항에 있어서,4. The method of claim 3,
    상기 제어부(50)는, 제 1가스 열교환부(20) 및 흡수식 냉동기(62) 활성화, 삼방밸브(22) on 작동하고, 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 액화가스와 브라인을 열교환하여 출력되는 냉각 브라인을 이용하여 흡입공기를 냉각하면서 제 1가스 열교환부(20)에 의해 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하도록 제어하는 냉브라인 모드(M1)와,The control unit 50 activates the first gas heat exchange unit 20 and the absorption chiller 62 , operates the three-way valve 22 on, and heat-exchanges the liquefied gas and brine supplied from the fuel tank 1 to cool the output. A cold brine mode (M1) for controlling heat exchange between liquefied gas and vaporized gas by the first gas heat exchange unit 20 while cooling the intake air using brine;
    상기 온열 열교환부(30) 및 제 2가스 열교환부(40) 활성화, 삼방밸브(22) off 작동 및 열교환 삼방밸브(32) on 작동하고, 온수 열교환기(340)에 의해 제 2가스 열교환부(40)로 공급되는 열원과 브라인을 열교환하여 출력되는 히팅 브라인을 이용하여 흡입공기를 히팅하면서 제 2가스 열교환부(40)에 의해 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하도록 제어하는 온브라인 모드(M2)와,The warm heat heat exchange unit 30 and the second gas heat exchange unit 40 are activated, the three-way valve 22 is off and the heat exchange three-way valve 32 is on, and the second gas heat exchange unit ( 40) an on-brine mode (M2) for controlling the heat exchange of liquefied gas into vaporized gas by the second gas heat exchange unit 40 while heating the intake air using the heating brine output by exchanging the heat source with the brine; ,
    상기 제 1가스 열교환부(20)를 비활성화하면서 순환라인(14)를 통한 브라인 순환을 정지하고, 제 2가스 열교환부(40) 활성화로 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하여 공급하는 비상운전 모드(M3) 중 어느 하나의 모드를 실행하도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템.Emergency operation mode (M3) in which the brine circulation through the circulation line 14 is stopped while the first gas heat exchange unit 20 is deactivated, and the liquefied gas is heat exchanged with vaporized gas by activating the second gas heat exchange unit 40 (M3) ) Power generation efficiency improvement system through the intake air temperature control of the turbine, characterized in that provided to execute any one of the mode.
  5. 제 4항에 있어서,5. The method of claim 4,
    상기 제어부(50)는 냉브라인 모드(M1)에서 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하는 열원이 부족할 경우 보조 냉브라인 모드(M1')가 실행되고, 상기 보조 냉브라인 모드(M1')는 냉브라인 모드(M1)를 실행한 상태로 제 2가스 열교환부(40)를 활성화하여 연료탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 액화가스를 기화가스로 열교환하여 공급하고, 상기 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40)로 투입되는 액화가스량은 제 1, 2밸브(21)(41)의 연계작동에 의해 비례제어 되어 제 1, 2가스 열교환부(20)(40)를 거쳐 출력되는 기화가스 총량이 일정하게 제어되도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템.The control unit 50 executes the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') when the heat source for exchanging the liquefied gas into the vaporized gas is insufficient in the cold brine mode (M1), and the auxiliary cold brine mode (M1') is the cold brine mode In a state in which (M1) is executed, the second gas heat exchange unit 40 is activated to heat exchange the liquefied gas supplied from the fuel tank 1 into vaporized gas, and the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 (20) ( 40) is proportionally controlled by the linked operation of the first and second valves 21 and 41, so that the total amount of vaporized gas output through the first and second gas heat exchange units 20 and 40 is constant. Power generation efficiency improvement system through the intake air temperature control of the turbine, characterized in that provided to be controlled.
  6. 가스터빈(2)의 압축기 입구에 설치되어 압축기로 유입되는 흡입공기를 열교환하는 방열코일(12)과, 방열코일(12) 상으로 브라인을 순환 공급하는 순환라인(14)과, 순환라인(14)에 연결되어 브라인을 저장하는 브라인탱크(16)로 이루어지는 브라인 순환부(10);A heat radiation coil 12 installed at the compressor inlet of the gas turbine 2 to exchange heat with intake air flowing into the compressor, a circulation line 14 for circulating and supplying brine onto the heat radiation coil 12, and a circulation line 14 ) connected to the brine circulation unit 10 consisting of a brine tank 16 for storing the brine;
    상기 순환라인(14)에 연결되어, 가스터빈(2) 배기열을 열원으로 이용하여 브라인을 히팅하도록 구비되는 온열 열교환부(30); 및a thermal heat exchange unit 30 connected to the circulation line 14 and provided to heat the brine using the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 as a heat source; and
    상기 온열 열교환부(30) 작동을 제어하도록 구비되는 제어부(50);를 포함하여 이루어지며, and a control unit 50 provided to control the operation of the warm heat exchange unit 30;
    상기 방열코일(12)을 거친 브라인은 순환라인(14)에 연결되는 냉수 열교환기(60) 및 흡수식 냉동기(62)에 의해 예냉되고, 상기 흡수식 냉동기(62)는 가스터빈(2) 배기열과 열교환되도록 구비되며,The brine passing through the heat dissipation coil 12 is pre-cooled by the cold water heat exchanger 60 and the absorption chiller 62 connected to the circulation line 14, and the absorption chiller 62 exchanges heat with the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 2 provided as much as possible,
    상기 온열 열교환부(30)는 브라인 순환부(10)의 순환라인(14)에 확장 연결되어 열교환 삼방밸브(32)에 의해 브라인 이동이 on/off 제어되는 온수 열교환기(34)가 구비되고, 온수 열교환기(34)는 제 2가스 열교환부(40)로 이동되는 열원과 열교환에 의해 브라인이 승온되도록 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 터빈의 흡입공기 온도제어를 통한 발전효율 향상 시스템.The warm heat heat exchange unit 30 is provided with a hot water heat exchanger 34 that is extended and connected to the circulation line 14 of the brine circulation unit 10, and the brine movement is controlled on/off by the heat exchange three-way valve 32, The hot water heat exchanger (34) is provided to increase the temperature of the brine by heat exchange with the heat source moved to the second gas heat exchange unit (40).
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