WO2021161058A1 - Système d'acquisition marine destiné à acquérir au moins un paramètre physique et/ou chimique d'une zone d'intérêt d'une masse d'eau et procédé associé - Google Patents

Système d'acquisition marine destiné à acquérir au moins un paramètre physique et/ou chimique d'une zone d'intérêt d'une masse d'eau et procédé associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021161058A1
WO2021161058A1 PCT/IB2020/000130 IB2020000130W WO2021161058A1 WO 2021161058 A1 WO2021161058 A1 WO 2021161058A1 IB 2020000130 W IB2020000130 W IB 2020000130W WO 2021161058 A1 WO2021161058 A1 WO 2021161058A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
underwater device
interest
region
buoy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2020/000130
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Patrick Charron
Damien DHONT
Romain JATIAULT
Original Assignee
Total Se
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Total Se filed Critical Total Se
Priority to PCT/IB2020/000130 priority Critical patent/WO2021161058A1/fr
Publication of WO2021161058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021161058A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
    • G01V1/3817—Positioning of seismic devices
    • G01V1/3835—Positioning of seismic devices measuring position, e.g. by GPS or acoustically
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V9/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods not provided for in groups G01V1/00 - G01V8/00
    • G01V9/007—Prospecting or detecting by methods not provided for in groups G01V1/00 - G01V8/00 by detecting gases or particles representative of underground layers at or near the surface

Definitions

  • a marine acquisition system for acquiring at least one physical and/or chemical parameter of a region of interest of a body of water and associated method
  • the present invention relates to a marine acquisition system for acquiring at least one physical and/or chemical parameter of a region of interest of a body of water.
  • the marine acquisition system is for example used for oil and gas exploration.
  • the marine acquisition system is used for an environmental monitoring of oil and gas installations such as oil platforms, underwater installations, etc.
  • the body of water is for example a sea, an ocean or a lake.
  • the acquisition system is for example used for offshore oil and gas exploration. More particularly, such a system allows detecting natural oil and gas seepages in the water of the body of water.
  • Oil and gas may be released from the seafloor and reach the body of water forming a seepage. Such seepage is then an indicator that a possible active petroleum system is present beneath the bottom of the body of water.
  • a standard approach is to detect and map the oil and gas slicks on the water surface of the body of water using radar satellite images.
  • radar satellite images cannot detect dissolved gas and oil in depth.
  • Underwater gliders are lightweight autonomous underwater vehicle which glide in the water by means of small changes in their buoyancy without any propulsion system. They glide up and down in the water column through the currents between the surface and depths down to 1000 meters depending on the size of the underwater glider, the material of its casing, etc.
  • the underwater glider comprises sensors for sensing physical and chemical parameters of the water such as the amounts of methane, carbon dioxide, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, temperature, salinity, density of the water, velocity of currents, etc.
  • An aim of the invention is to provide a marine acquisition system which allows obtaining systematic and high-density reliable measurements of the physical and/or chemical parameters of the water in the region of interest with a good positioning.
  • the subject-matter of the invention is a marine acquisition system for acquiring at least one physical and/or chemical parameter of a region of interest of a body of water, the system being intended to be towed by a vessel on the body of water, the system comprising:
  • At least one buoy intended to be towed by the vessel the buoy being intended to float over a surface of the body of water
  • the underwater device connected to the buoy with a cable, the underwater device being intended to be maintained under the surface of the body of water, the underwater device comprising at least one sensor for sensing a physical and/or a chemical parameter of the region of interest.
  • the system of the invention allows a good control of the depth of the underwater device, especially by maintaining a substantially constant depth of acquisition. Moreover, the buoy gives a good stability to the underwater device.
  • the underwater device is placed remotely from the vessel to which it is fixed. Therefore, the turbulences generated by the displacement of the vessel or by for example some devices such as seismic sources fixed to the vessel do not affect the underwater device.
  • the marine acquisition system according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following features, taken solely or according to any potential technical combination:
  • the system comprises at least one seismic streamer intended to be towed by the vessel, the streamer comprising a plurality of hydrophones, the buoy being fixed at a distal end of the seismic streamer,
  • the buoy comprises at least one positioning sensor
  • the buoy comprises at least one solar panel
  • the underwater device comprises a winch for winding the cable, the winch being intended to control the depth of the underwater device under the surface of the body of water,
  • the underwater device comprises at least one sensor for sensing at least one gaseous hydrocarbon in the water of the region of interest and/or a sensor for sensing at least one liquid hydrocarbon in the water of the region of interest, and/or an acoustic sensor for sensing acoustic waves propagating in the region of interest, and/or a carbon dioxide sensor for sensing carbon dioxide in the water of the region of interest, and/or a sensor for measuring the speed and the direction of the ocean currents, and/or a pressure sensor for sensing the depth of the underwater device in the body of water, - the underwater device further comprises a sampling apparatus intended to sample the water of the region of interest, preferably at a depth deeper than a depth of the underwater device.
  • the invention also relates to a method for acquiring at least one physical or chemical parameter of a region of interest of a body of water using a marine acquisition system, the method comprising towing the marine acquisition system on the body of water along at least one acquisition line using a vessel.
  • the method may comprise maintaining the underwater device below a predetermined depth from a surface of the body of water or at a predetermined distance from a bottom of the body of water.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a marine acquisition system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a method for acquiring at least one physical or chemical parameter of a region of interest 10 of a body of water 12 using the system of figure 1.
  • a marine acquisition system 14 according to the invention is shown in figure 1.
  • the system 10 comprises at least one buoy 16 floating over a surface 18 of the body of water 12, and at least one underwater device 20 connected to the buoy 16 with a cable 22.
  • connection means that the underwater device is directly or indirectly fixed to the buoy 16, that is to say that the underwater device 20 may be connected to at least a first intermediary element and said first intermediary element is fixed to a second intermediary element or to the buoy 16.
  • the system 14 is intended to acquire at least one physical and/or chemical parameter of the region of interest 10 of the body of water 12.
  • the system 14 is intended to be towed by a vessel 24 over the body of water 12.
  • the body of water 12 is for example a sea, an ocean or a lake.
  • the depth of the body water 12 is for example comprised between 50 m and 5000 m.
  • the acquisition system 14 is for example used for offshore oil and gas exploration. More particularly, such a system 14 aims to detect natural oil and gas seepages 26 in the water of the body of water 12.
  • Oil and gas can be released from the seafloor 32 and reach the body of water 12 forming a seepage.
  • Such seepage 26 is an indicator that a possible active petroleum system is present beneath the bottom 32 of the body of water 12 in the geological formations 34.
  • the marine acquisition system 14 is also a marine seismic acquisition system.
  • the marine acquisition system 14 comprises at least one seismic streamer 36 intended to be towed by the vessel 24 for a two-dimension acquisition survey.
  • the marine acquisition system 14 may comprise one seismic streamer 36 for a two- dimension acquisition.
  • the marine acquisition system 14 may comprise a plurality of streamers 36, for example between two and twelve, connected to the vessel 24 for a three-dimension acquisition survey.
  • the streamers 36 are maintained parallel to each other.
  • Each streamer 36 comprises a plurality of hydrophones 38 maintained in the water.
  • the hydrophones 38 are arranged at constant intervals along the streamer 36.
  • the marine acquisition system 14 may comprise at least one seismic source (not represented), generally air gun clusters or vibrators deployed between the vessel 24 and the first hydrophone 38 of the streamer 36.
  • Each hydrophone 38 is an electroacoustic transducer which transforms propagating acoustic waves in the water into electrical signals.
  • the recorded acoustic waves are typically reflections of the waves generated by the sources on the different geological interfaces and allow imaging the subsurface.
  • each streamer 36 comprises a buoy 16 fixed at a distal end 37 of the streamer 36.
  • Such buoy 16 is often referred as “tail buoy”.
  • the distal end 37 of the streamer 36 is the portion of the streamer 36 which is located the farthest from the vessel 24 when the streamer 36 is towed by the vessel 24.
  • the marine acquisition system 14 comprises ten seismic streamers 36 with ten corresponding buoys 16 fixed at a distal end 37 of each streamer 36.
  • An underwater device 20 is fixed to each buoy 16.
  • the buoy 16 is used to identify the end of the streamer 36. It allows the seismic acquisition crew to monitor the location and direction of the streamer 36.
  • the buoy 16 is generally brightly colored for helping the tracking of the buoy 16.
  • the buoy 16 comprises at least one positioning sensor 40, for example a Global Positioning System (GPS) sensor for recording continuously the location of the streamer 36 over the body of water 12.
  • the buoy 16 may also comprise at least one solar panel 42 for example for powering the positioning sensor 40 and/or powering the underwater device 20.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the underwater device 20 is intended to be maintained under the surface 18 of the body of water 12.
  • the underwater device 20 comprises a winch 44 for winding the cable 22 which connects the underwater device 20 to the buoy 16.
  • the winch 44 is intended to control the depth 46 of the underwater device 20 under the surface 18 of the region of interest 12.
  • the winch 44 may be used as a counterweight for helping the underwater device 20 to be maintained in the water.
  • the winch 44 is fixed to the buoy 16.
  • the underwater device 20 is connected to a tail buoy of a seismic streamer 36, it is also preferable to fix the winch 44 on the underwater device 20 to avoid any significant structural modifications of the tail buoy and more generally of the seismic acquisition system.
  • the underwater device 20 is connected at a distal end 37 of the streamer 36. In such a way, the cable 22 between the buoy 16 and the underwater device 20 cannot entangle with the streamers 36. This is particularly critical when the vessel 24 carries out maneuvers for changing of direction.
  • the winch 44 allows modifying the depth of the underwater device 20 during the acquisition or during the maneuvers of the vessel.
  • the underwater device 20 comprises a framework and at least one sensor 48 borne by the framework for sensing a physical and/or a chemical parameter of the region of interest 10.
  • the framework is for example an elongated tubular body.
  • the tubular body has a cigar shape.
  • Such an elongated tubular shape improves the hydrodynamics of the underwater device in the water.
  • the underwater device 20 comprises a plurality of sensors 48.
  • the sensors 48 are for example fixed on an external surface of the body or inside a housing defined by the external surface.
  • Each sensor 48 is in contact with the water of the region of interest 10.
  • the sensor 48 is configured for sensing at least one gaseous hydrocarbon in the water of the region of interest 10 and/or at least one liquid hydrocarbon in the water of the region of interest 10.
  • the physical or chemical parameter is for example the amount of methane in the water of the region of interest 10, the amount of carbon dioxide in the water of the region of interest 10, the amount of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the water of the region of interest 10, the conductivity of the water of the region of interest 10, the temperature of the water of the region of interest 10, the water pressure of the region of interest 10, etc.
  • the senor 48 is a hydrocarborn-like fluorometer.
  • the hydrocarbon-like fluorometer takes advantage of fluorescent properties of some hydrocarbon compounds to provide information regarding a parameter representative of the concentration of hydrocarbon. Fluorescence is observed either at a single wavelength or a scan in wavelength is performed to record the fluorescence intensity.
  • the excitation and emission wavelengths are chosen according to the different types of polyaromatic hydrocarbons to be detected.
  • the excitation wavelength is chosen in order to detect organic matter such as colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) or chlorophyll-a.
  • organic matter such as colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) or chlorophyll-a.
  • the sensor 48 is for example a methane sensor made with a half conductive membrane to measure the concentration of dissolved methane in the water of the region of interest 10.
  • the senor 48 is a sensor for measuring the particle-backscattering coefficient (b bP ) which refers to the reflected energy due to the presence of particle concentrations in the water of the region of interest 10.
  • b bP particle-backscattering coefficient
  • the senor 48 is a sensor for measuring the electrical conductivity and/or the temperature of the water of the region of interest 10.
  • the senor 48 is a sensor for measuring the water pressure in the region of interest 10.
  • the measurement of the water pressure in the region of interest 10 allows obtaining the depth 46 of the underwater device 20.
  • the senor 48 is a gas chromatography - mass spectrometer to determine the chemical properties distribution of alkane chains in the region of interest 10.
  • the senor 48 is a sensor for measuring the speed and the direction of the ocean currents.
  • the senor 48 is an acoustic sensor for sensing acoustic waves propagating in the region of interest 10.
  • the sensor 48 may allow recording the acoustic waves generated by the gas bubbles in the region of interest 10.
  • the underwater device 20 may also comprise a sampling apparatus intended to sample the water of the region of interest 10.
  • the sampling apparatus is an oleophilic membrane which collects liquid hydrocarbons present in the water of the region of interest 10.
  • the sampling apparatus may collect samples at a depth deeper than a depth of the underwater device 20, for example using an articulated arm (not represented).
  • the underwater device 20 may comprise a battery for powering the sensor 48.
  • the cable 22 between the buoy 16 and the underwater device 20 is a power cable for powering the underwater device 20 from the buoy 16, for example using the solar panel 42 or a battery fixed to the buoy 16 or to the underwater device 20.
  • the battery is powered by an energy-harvesting device, preferentially by a dynamo moved by the displacement of the underwater device 20 in the water.
  • the underwater device 20 may also comprise a memory for recording the measurements of the sensor 48 and /or the position of the buoy 16 recorded by the positioning sensor 40.
  • the cable 22 is a data transfer cable configured to transfer the measurements of the sensor 48 to the buoy 16, preferably to a memory fixed to the buoy 16 (not shown) or to a radio emitter (not shown) fixed to the buoy 16.
  • the memory is fixed to the underwater device 20.
  • a method for acquiring at least one physical and/or chemical parameter of a region of interest 10 of a body of water 12 using a marine acquisition system 14 as described above will now be described in reference to figure 2.
  • the method comprises towing the marine acquisition system 14 over the body of water 12 along at least one acquisition line 50, 52.
  • the method comprises towing the marine acquisition system 14 over a plurality of acquisition lines 50, 52 covering the body of water 12.
  • first and a second acquisition lines 50, 52 are shown in figure 2. However, generally, tens of acquisition lines 50, 52 are travelled by the vessel 24 in the body of water 12.
  • the vessel 24 travels along the first acquisition line 50 and the second acquisition lines 52, adjacent to the first acquisition line 50, according to the same direction.
  • the vessel 24 operates a succession of round-trip travels, that is to say that two adjacent acquisition lines 50, 52 are acquired in two opposite parallel directions.
  • the seismic source For each acquisition, the seismic source is activated to generate an acoustic signal which propagates to the bottom 32 of the body of water 12, and inside the underground.
  • the hydrophones 38 collect acoustic waves resulting from the reflections against the geological interfaces.
  • a first plurality of acquisition profiles of at least one physical and/or chemical parameter is also acquired in addition to the acoustic waves collected by the hydrophones 38.
  • a second plurality of acquisition profiles of at least one physical and/or chemical parameter is also acquired in addition to the acoustic waves collected by the hydrophones 38.
  • the location of the second acquisition line 52 is chosen in order to have an overlap between the first plurality of acquisition profiles and the second plurality of acquisition profiles. This allows having a redundancy of the data acquired with the sensor 48 and improving the data confidence.
  • Data recorded by the sensors 48 of the underwater device 20 may be mapped by using the positioning data recorded by the positioning system 40.
  • the method comprises maintaining the underwater device 20 below a predetermined distance 46 from the surface 18, for example below 200 m, using the controlling device.
  • the method comprises maintaining at a predetermined distance 54 from the bottom 32 of the body of water 12. This may be done by actuating the winch 44 and wind/unwind the cable 22 between the buoy 16 and the underwater device 20 using the controlling device.
  • the length of the cable 22 between the buoy 16 and the underwater device 20 is controlled by taking into account bathymetric data and the location of the underwater device 20 (via the location of the buoy).
  • the length of the cable 22 is for example comprised between 50 m and 700 m.
  • the system 10 comprises a controlling device (not represented) configured to control the depth of the underwater device 20.
  • the controlling device comprises a bathymetric probe configured to determine the distance between the underwater device 20 and the bottom 32 of the body of water 12.
  • controlling device may comprise a pressure probe configured to determine the thickness of the water column and then the distance between the underwater device 20 and the surface of the body of water 12.
  • the controlling device may control the winch 44 to adapt the length of the cable 22 and then the depth of the underwater device 20.
  • the controlling device may comprise a controlling unit for example placed in the vessel towing the system 10.
  • the underwater device may comprise at least two lateral wings and/or a centerboard and/or a rudder fixed to the framework to ensure a stability and a control of the underwater device 20 in the water.
  • the wings, the centerboard and/or the rudder may be adjustable for example electrically adjustable to control the position and the depth of the underwater device 20 in the body of water 12.
  • the wings, the centerboard, and/or the rudder may be controlled by the controlling device.
  • the marine acquisition system 14 is particularly advantageous since it allows recording easily high density and reliable physical and/or chemical parameter of the water of the region of interest 10.
  • the system 14 does not interfere with the seismic acquisition system. It can also take advantage of the systems installed of the buoy 16 such as the power supply for powering the underwater device 20, or the positioning sensor 40 fixed on the buoy 16 for locating the measurements recorded by the sensor 48.
  • the buoy 16 is directly connected to the vessel 24 using a cable which is not a seismic streamer.
  • the cable may be a wire rope or a power cable for powering the underwater device 20.
  • the marine acquisition system 14 comprises two underwater device s 20 connected to the buoy 16.
  • the two underwater devices 20 may be connected independently to the buoy or successively along the same cable 22 or using another cable, that is to say connected to each other.
  • the two underwater devices 20 are intended to be maintained at two different predetermined depths.
  • Both underwater devices 20 may comprise the same at least one sensor 48 for sensing a physical and/or a chemical parameter of the region of interest 10. In such a way, a vertical gradient of the physical or chemical parameter may be sensed in the water of the region of interest 10.
  • the at least one sensor 48 of each underwater device 20 is different.
  • the system 10 comprises at least two buoys 16 intended to be towed by the vessel 24 and at least two underwater devices 20 connected respectively to each buoy 16 with a cable 22.
  • the underwater devices 20 are for example maintained at the same depth or at a different depth. They may comprise the same sensors 48 or different sensors 48.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un système d'acquisition marine (14) destiné à acquérir au moins un paramètre physique et/ou chimique d'une zone d'intérêt (10) d'une masse d'eau (12), le système (14) étant conçu pour être tracté par un navire (24) sur la masse d'eau (12), le système (14) comprenant : - au moins une bouée (16) conçue pour être tractée par le navire (24), la bouée (16) étant conçue pour flotter au-dessus d'une surface (18) de la masse d'eau (12), - au moins un dispositif sous-marin (20) connecté à la bouée (16) avec un câble (22), le dispositif sous-marin (20) étant conçu pour être maintenu sous la surface (18) de la masse d'eau (12), le dispositif sous-marin (20) comprenant au moins un capteur (48) destiné à détecter un paramètre physique et/ou un paramètre chimique de la zone d'intérêt (10).
PCT/IB2020/000130 2020-02-11 2020-02-11 Système d'acquisition marine destiné à acquérir au moins un paramètre physique et/ou chimique d'une zone d'intérêt d'une masse d'eau et procédé associé WO2021161058A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2020/000130 WO2021161058A1 (fr) 2020-02-11 2020-02-11 Système d'acquisition marine destiné à acquérir au moins un paramètre physique et/ou chimique d'une zone d'intérêt d'une masse d'eau et procédé associé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2020/000130 WO2021161058A1 (fr) 2020-02-11 2020-02-11 Système d'acquisition marine destiné à acquérir au moins un paramètre physique et/ou chimique d'une zone d'intérêt d'une masse d'eau et procédé associé

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023101559A1 (fr) * 2021-11-30 2023-06-08 Maracq As Procédés d'acquisition de données magnétiques en milieu marin

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6011753A (en) * 1998-03-19 2000-01-04 Syntron, Inc. Control and monitoring of devices external to a marine seismic streamer
US20090231953A1 (en) * 2008-03-17 2009-09-17 Welker Kenneth E Methods and Systems for Determining Coordinates of an Underwater Seismic Component in a Reference Frame
US20120020185A1 (en) * 2009-05-28 2012-01-26 Welker Kenneth E Collision Avoidance for Instrumented Probes Deployed From a Seismic Vessel

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6011753A (en) * 1998-03-19 2000-01-04 Syntron, Inc. Control and monitoring of devices external to a marine seismic streamer
US20090231953A1 (en) * 2008-03-17 2009-09-17 Welker Kenneth E Methods and Systems for Determining Coordinates of an Underwater Seismic Component in a Reference Frame
US20120020185A1 (en) * 2009-05-28 2012-01-26 Welker Kenneth E Collision Avoidance for Instrumented Probes Deployed From a Seismic Vessel

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023101559A1 (fr) * 2021-11-30 2023-06-08 Maracq As Procédés d'acquisition de données magnétiques en milieu marin

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