WO2021159438A1 - Membrane de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée de manière thermoréversible - Google Patents

Membrane de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée de manière thermoréversible Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021159438A1
WO2021159438A1 PCT/CN2020/075200 CN2020075200W WO2021159438A1 WO 2021159438 A1 WO2021159438 A1 WO 2021159438A1 CN 2020075200 W CN2020075200 W CN 2020075200W WO 2021159438 A1 WO2021159438 A1 WO 2021159438A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sealing device
melt
layer
waterproofing
polyvinylchloride
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/075200
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Shenghua XU
Qin WEI
Original Assignee
Sika Technology Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sika Technology Ag filed Critical Sika Technology Ag
Priority to PCT/CN2020/075200 priority Critical patent/WO2021159438A1/fr
Publication of WO2021159438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021159438A1/fr

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
    • C08K5/12—Esters; Ether-esters of cyclic polycarboxylic acids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/103—Metal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/101—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/104—Oxysalt, e.g. carbonate, sulfate, phosphate or nitrate particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/107—Ceramic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0025—Crosslinking or vulcanising agents; including accelerators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of waterproofing of above and below ground building constructions by using sealing devices comprising a waterproofing layer.
  • the invention relates to sealing devices comprising a waterproofing layer comprising a thermally reversibly crosslinked polyvinylchloride (PVC) material.
  • PVC polyvinylchloride
  • roofing membranes used for waterproofing of flat and low-sloped roof structures are typically provided as single-ply or multi-ply membrane systems.
  • the roof substrate is covered using a roofing membrane composed of a single waterproofing layer.
  • the waterproofing layer typically contains a reinforcement layer to increase the mechanical stability of the roofing membrane.
  • roofing membranes comprising multiple waterproofing layers having similar or different composition are used.
  • Single-ply membranes have the advantage of lower production costs compared to the multi-ply membranes but they are also less resistant to mechanical damages caused by punctures of sharp objects.
  • Commonly used materials for the above discussed membranes include plastics, in particular thermoplastics such as plasticized polyvinylchloride (p-PVC) , thermoplastic polyolefins (TPE-O, TPO) , and elastomers such as ethylene-propylene diene monomer (EPDM) .
  • the membranes used for waterproofing of above and below ground structures are typically delivered to a construction site in form of rolls, transferred to the place of installation, unrolled, and adhered to the substrate to be waterproofed.
  • the substrate on which the membrane is adhered may be comprised of variety of materials.
  • the substrate may, for example, be a concrete, metal, or wood deck, an insulation panel or cover board, an existing membrane, or a hardened concrete structure.
  • the edges of adjacent membranes are typically overlapped to form sealable joints. These joints can then be sealed by bonding the bottom surface of an overlapped edge to the top surface of another overlapped edge or by using sealing tapes bridging the gap between top surfaces of both overlapped edges.
  • the choice of the technique used for bonding of the overlapped surfaces of the adjacent membranes depends on the type of the membranes. In case of membranes composed of thermoplastic or non-crosslinked elastomeric materials, the overlapped portions of adjacent membranes can be bonded to each other by heat-welding.
  • an area near the lengthwise edges of the membrane is typically left free of the adhesive in order to enable joining of the overlapped edges by heat-welding.
  • the overlapping portions of adjacent membranes can also be adhered to each other by using another adhesive.
  • Plasticized polyvinylchloride is one of the most commonly used membrane materials, especially in roofing membranes.
  • PVC membranes and TPO membranes have the advantage over EPDM membranes that due to the non-crosslinked structure, overlapped edges of adjacent membranes can be easily bonded to each other by heat-welding to provide an acceptable seam strength.
  • PVC and TPO membranes are thermoplastic materials, which enables recycling of the membranes, at least in theory, after the end of their service life.
  • the mechanical properties of the State-of-the-Art PVC membranes could be improved by chemical crosslinking the polymer chains but this would also result in loss of the thermoplastic properties and prevent the use of heat-welded seams.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a polyvinylchloride (PVC) membrane having improved mechanical properties for use in sealing of above and below ground substrates against penetration of water.
  • PVC polyvinylchloride
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a PVC membrane, which can be used for providing waterproofed structures, in which the seams between overlapping edges of adjacent membranes can still be bonded to each other by using heat-welding techniques.
  • the subject of the present invention is a sealing device as defined in claim 1.
  • a material comprising a thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC resin can be used for providing membranes having improved mechanical properties due to the chemically crosslinked polymer structure but which membranes also retain their heat-welding properties due to the reversibility of the crosslinking reactions at elevated temperatures. Consequently, such membranes are able to solve or at least mitigate the problems of the State-of-the-Art PVC-based membranes.
  • the membranes in addition to the improved mechanical properties, the membranes also exhibit shape memory and/or self-healing properties based on thermal reversibility of the chemically crosslinked polymer network structure. Furthermore, the improvements in mechanical properties and the other advantageous features can be achieved without significant increase in production costs and all the raw materials of the membrane are non-toxic. Finally, the inventive membranes can also be easily recycled and reproduced.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of a sealing device (1) comprising a waterproofing layer (2) and a layer of fiber material (3) , which is fully embedded into the waterproofing layer (2) .
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of a sealing device (1) comprising a waterproofing layer (2) and a polymeric top layer (4) adhered to the first major surface of the waterproofing layer (2) .
  • Fig. 3 shows a waterproofed structure comprising a substrate (5) and a sealing device (1) comprising a waterproofing layer (2) and a layer of fiber material (3) , which is fully embedded into the waterproofing layer (2) , wherein the waterproofing layer (2) is bonded to a surface of the substrate (5) via an adhesive layer (6) .
  • a sealing device (1) comprising a waterproofing layer (2) comprising or consisting of a thermally reversibly crosslinked polyvinylchloride material comprising:
  • thermally crosslinked polyvinylchloride resin has been obtained by reacting a polyvinylchloride resin with a crosslinking agent, optionally in the presence of a catalyst and/or a promoter.
  • polymer designates a collective of chemically uniform macromolecules produced by a polyreaction (polymerization, polyaddition, polycondensation) where the macromolecules differ with respect to their degree of polymerization, molecular weight and chain length.
  • the term also comprises derivatives of said collective of macromolecules resulting from polyreactions, that is, compounds which are obtained by reactions such as, for example, additions or substitutions, of functional groups in predetermined macromolecules and which may be chemically uniform or chemically non-uniform.
  • Term “PVC” designates polyvinylchloride.
  • poly designate substances which formally contain, per molecule, two or more of the functional groups occurring in their names.
  • a polyol refers to a compound having at least two hydroxyl groups.
  • a polyether refers to a compound having at least two ether groups.
  • molecular weight designates the molar mass (g/mol) of a molecule or a part of a molecule, also referred to as “moiety” .
  • average molecular weight refers to number average molecular weight (M n ) of an oligomeric or polymeric mixture of molecules or moieties.
  • M n number average molecular weight
  • the molecular weight may be determined by conventional methods, preferably by gel permeation-chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as standard, styrene-divinylbenzene gel with porosity of 100 Angstrom, 1000 Angstrom and 10000 Angstrom as the column and tetrahydrofurane as a solvent, at 35°C.
  • softening point or “softening temperature” designates a temperature at which compound softens in a rubber-like state, or a temperature at which the crystalline portion within the compound melts.
  • the softening point can be measured by a Ring and Ball method as defined in DIN EN 1238 standard.
  • melting temperature designates a temperature at which a material undergoes transition from the solid to the liquid state.
  • the melting temperature (T m ) is preferably determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) according to ISO 11357-3 standard using a heating rate of 2 °C/min.
  • DSC differential scanning calorimetry
  • the measurements can be performed with a Mettler Toledo DSC 3+ device and the T m values can be determined from the measured DSC-curve with the help of the DSC-software. In case the measured DSC-curve shows several peak temperatures, the first peak temperature coming from the lower temperature side in the thermogram is taken as the melting temperature (T m ) .
  • glass transition temperature designates the temperature above which temperature a polymer component becomes soft and pliable, and below which it becomes hard and glassy.
  • the glass transition temperature is preferably determined by dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA) as the peak of the measured loss modulus (G” ) curve using an applied frequency of 1 Hz and a strain level of 0.1 %.
  • the “amount or content of at least one component X” in a composition refers to the sum of the individual amounts of all thermoplastic polymers contained in the composition. Furthermore, in case the composition comprises 20 wt. -%of at least one thermoplastic polymer, the sum of the amounts of all thermoplastic polymers contained in the composition equals 20 wt. -%.
  • room temperature designates a temperature of 23 °C.
  • the sealing device of the present invention comprises a waterproofing layer comprising or consisting of a thermally reversibly crosslinked polyvinylchloride (PVC) material.
  • layer refers in the present disclosure to a sheet-like element having first and second major surfaces, i.e. top and bottom surfaces, and a thickness defined there between, the sheet-like element preferably having a length and width at least 15 times, preferably at least 25 times, more preferably at least 50 times greater than the thickness of the element.
  • the sealing device can be provided in form of a narrow strip having a width, for example, in the range of 10 –500 mm, such as 50 –350 mm, in particular 75 –250 mm. These types of sealing devices are suitable for use, for example, in sealing joints between two adjacent membranes.
  • the sealing device can also be provided in form of a broad sheet having a width of, for example, in the range of 0.5 –5 m, such as 1 –3.5 m, in particular 1 –2.5 m.
  • These types of sealing devices are suitable for use, for example, as waterproofing and roofing membranes or as repairing plates used for repairing damaged locations in existing waterproofing or roofing systems.
  • the sealing device is a waterproofing membrane or a roofing membrane, wherein the waterproofing layer preferably has a width in the range of 0.5 –10 m, more preferably 1 –5 m, even more preferably 1 –3.5 m, still more preferably 1 –2.5 m and/or a thickness determined by using the measurement method as defined in DIN EN 1849-2 standard in the range of 0.15 –5.0 mm, preferably 0.35 –3.5 mm, more preferably 0.5 –3.0 mm, even more preferably 0.75 –2.5 mm.
  • Such waterproofing and roofing membranes are typically provided in a form of a prefabricated membrane articles, which are delivered to the construction site and unwound from rolls to provide sheets having length of several times the width.
  • the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC resin contained in the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material has been obtained by reacting a PVC resin with a crosslinking agent.
  • the PVC resin used for obtaining the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC resin has a K-value determined by using the method as described in ISO 1628-2-1998 standard in the range of 50 –85, more preferably 65 –75.
  • the K-value is a measure of the polymerization grade of the PVC-resin and it is determined from the viscosity values of the PVC homopolymer as virgin resin, dissolved in cyclohexanone at 30 °C.
  • the crosslinking agent is a dicyclopentadiene dicarboxylic acid or a salt thereof.
  • the formation of the thermally reversible covalent crosslinking structure is based on the following reactions.
  • the polymer chains of the PVC resin are modified with cyclopentadienyl side groups in an esterification reaction between the chlorine–carbon bonds of the PVC resin and the carboxylic acid or carboxylic salt groups of the crosslinking agent.
  • thermally reversible covalent bonds are formed between the polymer chains of the PVC resin by reversible Diels-Alder cycloaddition reactions between the cyclopentadiene moieties.
  • the crosslinking agent is an alkali metal salt of dicyclopentadiene dicarboxylic acid, preferably a sodium, potassium, or lithium dicyclopentadiene diformate, more preferably sodium dicyclopentadiene diformate.
  • the crosslinking agent is preferably used in an amount of at least 0.1 phr, more preferably of at least 0.25 phr, even more preferably of at least 0.5 phr.
  • the term “phr” refers to parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the PVC resin.
  • the crosslinking agent is used in an amount of 0.1 –15 phr, preferably 0.25 –12.5 phr, more preferably 0.5 –10 phr, even more preferably 1 –7.5 phr.
  • the thermally crosslinked PVC resin has been obtained by reacting a PVC resin with a crosslinking agent in the presence of a catalyst and/or a promoter.
  • the catalyst is preferably a quaternary ammonium compound, preferably a quaternary ammonium salt.
  • the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of benzethonium chloride, tetramethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, benzyltrimethylammonium bromide, and mixtures thereof.
  • the thermally crosslinked PVC resin has been obtained by reacting a PVC resin with a crosslinking agent in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is used in an amount of 0.05 –5.0 phr, preferably 0.1 –3.5 phr, more preferably 0.15 –2.5 phr, even more preferably 0.25 –1.5 phr, still more preferably 0.30 –1.0 phr.
  • Suitable promoters to be used in combination with the above-mentioned catalysts include, for example, polyether glycols, preferably having an average molecular weight (M n ) of not more than 20000 g/mol, more preferably not more than 10000 g/mol, even more preferably not more than 7500 g/mol, still more preferably not more than 5000 g/mol.
  • M n average molecular weight
  • Suitable polyether glycols also known as polyoxyalkylene glycols include, for example, polyethylene and polypropylene glycols, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) , methoxy polyethylene glycol (MPEG) , polypropylene glycol (PPG) , methoxy polypropylene glycol (MPPG) , and polyethylene –polypropylene glycol (PEG-PPG) copolymers. These can be prepared, for example, by polycondensation of ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol or by the addition of epoxides to glycols. Suitable polyether glycols are commercially available, for example, under the trade name of (from Dow Chemical Company) .
  • the promoter is a polyether glycol, preferably a polyethylene glycol, preferable having an average molecular weight (M n ) of 100 –10000 g/mol, preferably 200 –7500 g/mol, more preferably 300 –5000 g/mol, even more preferably 300 –3500 g/mol, still more preferably 300 –2500 g/mol.
  • M n average molecular weight
  • the thermally crosslinked PVC resin has been obtained by reacting a PVC resin with a crosslinking agent in the presence of a catalyst and a promoter, wherein the promoter is used in an amount of 0.1–10 phr, preferably 0.25 –5.0 phr, more preferably 0.5 –3.5 phr, even more preferably 1.0 –2.5 phr.
  • the thermally crosslinked PVC resin has been obtained by reacting a PVC resin with a crosslinking agent in the presence of a catalyst and a promoter, wherein the crosslinking agent is preferably an alkali metal salt of dicyclopentadiene dicarboxylic acid, preferably a sodium, potassium, or lithium dicyclopentadiene diformate, more preferably a sodium dicyclopentadiene diformate and wherein the catalyst is preferably a quaternary ammonium compound, more preferably a quaternary ammonium salt, even more preferably selected from the group consisting of benzethonium chloride, tetramethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, benzyltrimethylammonium bromide, and mixtures thereof and wherein the promoter is preferably a polyether glycol, more preferable a polyethylene glycol, preferably having an average molecular weight of 100 –10000
  • the amount of at least one plasticizer in the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material is not particularly restricted and it depends on the intended application of the sealing device.
  • PVC-based roofing membranes typically contain relatively high amounts of the plasticizer to provide the flexibility required in roof detailing applications.
  • the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material comprises 20 –65 wt. -%, preferably 30 –55 wt. -%, more preferably 30 –50 wt. -%, even more preferably 30 –45 wt. -%of the at least one plasticizer, based on the total weight of the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material.
  • the type of the at least one plasticizer is not particularly restricted in the present invention.
  • Suitable plasticizers for the PVC-resin include but are not restricted to, for example, linear or branched phthalates such as di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) , di-nonyl phthalate (L9P) , diallyl phthalate (DAP) , di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (DEHP) , dioctyl phthalate (DOP) , diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) , and mixed linear phthalates (911 P) .
  • DINP di-isononyl phthalate
  • L9P di-nonyl phthalate
  • DEHP di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate
  • DOP dioctyl phthalate
  • DIDP diisodecyl phthalate
  • mixed linear phthalates 911 P
  • plasticizers include phthalate-free plasticizers, such as trimellitate plasticizers, adipic polyesters, and biochemical plasticizers.
  • biochemical plasticizers include epoxidized vegetable oils, for example, epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized linseed oil and acetylated waxes and oils derived from plants, for example, acetylated castor wax and acetylated castor oil.
  • Particularly suitable phthalate-free plasticizers to be used in the waterproofing layer include alkyl esters of benzoic acid, dialkyl esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, polyesters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or of aliphatic di-, tri-and tetrols, the end groups of which are unesterified or have been esterified with monofunctional reagents, trialkyl esters of citric acid, acetylated trialkyl esters of citric acid, glycerol esters, benzoic diesters of mono-, di-, tri-, or polyalkylene glycols, trimethylolpropane esters, dialkyl esters of cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids, dialkyl esters of terephthalic acid, trialkyl esters of trimellitic acid, triaryl esters of phosphoric acid, diaryl alkyl esters of phosphoric acid, trialkyl esters of phosphoric acid, and aryl
  • the at least one plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of linear and branched phthalates, trimellitate plasticizers, adipic polyesters, and biochemical plasticizers.
  • the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material comprises at least one mineral filler, preferably an inert mineral filler.
  • inert mineral filler designates in the present disclosure mineral fillers, which, unlike mineral binders are not reactive with water, i.e. do not undergo a hydration reaction in the presence of water.
  • the at least one mineral filler has a water-solubility at a temperature of 20°C of less than 0.1 g/100 g water, more preferably less than 0.05 g/100 g water, even more preferably less than 0.01 g/100 g water.
  • the solubility of a compound in water can be measured as the saturation concentration, where adding more compound does not increase the concentration of the solution, i.e. where the excess amount of the substance begins to precipitate.
  • the measurement for water-solubility of a compound in water can be conducted using the standard “shake flask” method as defined in the OECD test guideline 105 (adopted 27th July, 1995) .
  • the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material comprises 1 –35 wt. -%, preferably 5 –25 wt. -%, more preferably, 5 –25 wt. -%, even more preferably 7.5 –20 wt. -%of the at least one mineral filler, based on the total weight of the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material.
  • the at least one mineral filler is selected from the group consisting of sand, granite, calcium carbonate, clay, expanded clay, diatomaceous earth, pumice, mica, kaolin, talc, dolomite, xonotlite, perlite, vermiculite, Wollastonite, barite, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium aluminates, silica, fumed silica, fused silica, aerogels, glass beads, hollow glass spheres, ceramic spheres, bauxite, comminuted concrete, and zeolites, preferably from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth, pumice, mica, kaolin, talc, dolomite, xonotlite, perlite, vermiculite, Wollastonite, barite, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium aluminates, silica, fumed silica, and fused silica.
  • sediments refers in the present disclosure to mineral clastic sediments (clastic rocks) which are loose conglomerates (loose sediments) of round or angular small grains, which were detached from the original grain structure during the mechanical and chemical degradation and transported to their deposition point, said sediments having an SiO 2 content of greater than 50 wt. -%, in particular greater than 75 wt. -%, particularly preferably greater than 85 wt.-%.
  • calcium carbonate as inert mineral filler refers in the present disclosure to calcitic fillers produced from chalk, limestone or marble by grinding and/or precipitation.
  • the at least one mineral filler is preferably present in the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material in the form of finely divided particles.
  • finely divided particles refers to particles, whose median particle size d 50 does not exceed 500 ⁇ m, preferably 350 ⁇ m, more preferably 150 ⁇ m.
  • median particle size d 50 refers in the present disclosure to a particle size below which 50%of all particles by volume are smaller than the d 50 value.
  • the particle size distribution can be determined by sieve analysis according to the method as described in ASTM C136/C136M-2014 standard ( “Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates) .
  • the at least one mineral filler has a median particle size d 50 in the range of 0.5 –150 ⁇ m, preferably 1 –100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 –50 ⁇ m, even more preferably 1 –25 ⁇ m, still more preferably 1 –10 ⁇ m.
  • the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material can further comprise one or more additives, for example, UV-and heat stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, dyes, pigments such as titanium dioxide and carbon black, matting agents, antistatic agents, impact modifiers, biocides, and processing aids such as lubricants, slip agents, antiblock agents, and denest aids.
  • additives for example, UV-and heat stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, dyes, pigments such as titanium dioxide and carbon black, matting agents, antistatic agents, impact modifiers, biocides, and processing aids such as lubricants, slip agents, antiblock agents, and denest aids.
  • the total amount of these compounds is preferably not more than 25 wt. -%, more preferably not more than 15 wt. -%, even more preferably not more than 10 wt. -%of the total weight of the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material.
  • the waterproofing layer has a thickness determined by using the measurement method as defined in DIN EN 1849-2 standard in the range of 0.15 –5.0 mm, preferably 0.35 –3.5 mm, more preferably 0.5 –3.0 mm, even more preferably 0.75 –2.5 mm and/or the sealing device has a total thickness determined by using the measurement method as defined in DIN EN 1849-2 standard in the range of 0.35 –10.0 mm, preferably 0.5 –5.0 mm, more preferably 0.75 –3.5 mm, even more preferably 1.0 –3.0 mm.
  • the sealing device further comprises a layer of fiber material and/or a polymeric top layer, wherein the layer of fiber material is adhered to one of the major surfaces of the waterproofing layer or fully embedded into the waterproofing layer or into the polymeric top layer.
  • the layer of fiber material may be used to ensure the mechanical stability of the waterproofing layer when the sealing device is exposed to varying environmental conditions, in particular to large fluctuations of temperature.
  • the layer of fiber material layer is fully covered by the matrix of the respective layer.
  • the layer of fiber material may, for example, be adhesively adhered, i.e. adhered via an adhesive layer, or thermally laminated to one of the major surfaces of the waterproofing layer.
  • thermal lamination refers in the present disclosure to a process in which the respective layers are bonded to each other without using an adhesive by the application of heat and pressure, such that the layers remain adhered to each other when the pressure is removed.
  • fiber material designates in the present disclosure materials composed of fibers comprising or consisting of, for example, organic, inorganic or synthetic organic materials.
  • organic fibers include, for example, cellulose fibers, cotton fibers, and protein fibers.
  • Particularly suitable synthetic organic materials include, for example, polyester, homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene and/or propylene, viscose, nylon, and polyamides.
  • Fiber materials composed of inorganic fibers are also suitable, in particular, those composed of metal fibers or mineral fibers, such as glass fibers, aramid fibers, wollastonite fibers, and carbon fibers.
  • Inorganic fibers, which have been surface treated, for example, with silanes may also be suitable.
  • the fiber material can comprise short fibers, long fibers, spun fibers (yarns) , or filaments.
  • the fibers can be aligned or drawn fibers. It may also be advantageous that the fiber material is composed of different types of fibers, both in terms of geometry and composition.
  • the layer of fiber material is selected from the group consisting of non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics, and laid scrims.
  • non-woven fabric designates in the present disclosure materials composed of fibers, which are bonded together by using chemical, mechanical, or thermal bonding means, and which are neither woven nor knitted.
  • Non-woven fabrics can be produced, for example, by using a carding or needle punching process, in which the fibers are mechanically entangled to obtain the nonwoven fabric.
  • chemical bonding chemical binders such as adhesive materials are used to hold the fibers together in a non-woven fabric.
  • lay scrim refers in the present disclosure web-like non-woven products composed of at least two sets of parallel yarns (also designated as weft and warp yarns) , which lay on top of each other and are chemically bonded to each other.
  • the yarns of a laid scrim are typically arranged with an angle of 60 –120°, such as 90 ⁇ 5°, towards each other thereby forming interstices, wherein the interstices preferably occupy more than 60%of the entire surface of the laid scrim.
  • Typical materials for laid scrims include metal fibers, inorganic fibers, in particular glass fibers, and synthetic organic fibers, in particular polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) .
  • the layer of fiber material is a non-woven fabric, preferably a non-woven fabric having a mass per unit weight of not more than 350 g/m 2 , preferably not more than 250 g/m 2 .
  • the layer of fiber material is a non-woven fabric having a mass per unit weight of 15 –350 g/m 2 , preferably 25 –250 g/m 2 , more preferably 35 –200 g/m 2 , even more preferably 50 –150 g/m 2 .
  • the mass per unit area of a non-woven fabric can be determined by measuring the mass of test piece of the non-woven fabric having a given area and dividing the measured mass by the area of the test piece.
  • the mass per unit area of a non-woven fabric is determined by using the method as defined in ISO 9073-18: 2007 standard.
  • the non-woven fabric comprises synthetic organic and/or inorganic fibers.
  • Particularly suitable synthetic organic fibers for the non-woven fabric include, for example, polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, nylon fibers, and polyamide fibers.
  • Particularly suitable inorganic fibers for the non-woven fabric include, for example, glass fibers, aramid fibers, wollastonite fibers, and carbon fibers.
  • the non-woven fabric comprises as the main fiber component synthetic organic fibers, preferably selected from the group consisting of polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, nylon fibers, and polyamide fibers.
  • the non-woven fabric comprises as the main fiber component inorganic fibers, preferably selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, aramid fibers, wollastonite fibers, and carbon fibers, more preferably glass fibers.
  • the sealing device comprises a polymeric top layer.
  • polymeric layer refers to layer comprising a continuous phase composed of one or more polymers.
  • the waterproofing layer and the polymeric top layer can be directly or indirectly connected to each other at least over at least part of their opposing major surfaces.
  • the expression “directly connected” is understood to mean in the context of the present disclosure that no further layer or substance is present between the two layers and that the opposing surfaces of the two layers are directly bonded to each other or adhere to each other.
  • the materials forming the layers can also be present mixed with each other.
  • the waterproofing layer and the top polymeric layer can be indirectly connected to each other, for example, via a connecting layer, such as a layer of adhesive or via a layer of fiber material, or a combination thereof.
  • a connecting layer such as a layer of adhesive or via a layer of fiber material, or a combination thereof.
  • the waterproofing layer may be partially directly connected and partially indirectly connected to the top polymeric layer.
  • the polymeric top layer comprises or consists of the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material. It may furthermore be preferred that the waterproofing layer and the top polymeric layer have substantially same width and length and/or that the top polymeric layer has substantially similar composition as the waterproofing layer.
  • the waterproofing layer and/or the top polymeric layer consist of the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material.
  • the sealing device fulfils the general requirements for flexible sheets used for providing waterproofed roof systems, in particular the general requirements as defined in DIN 20000-201: 2015-08 standard.
  • the sealing device shows an impact resistance measured according to EN 12691: 2018 standard in the range of 200 -1500 mm and/or a longitudinal and a transversal tensile strength measured at a temperature of 23 °C according to DIN ISO 527-3: 2018 standard of at least 5 MPa and/or a longitudinal and transversal elongation at break measured at a temperature of 23 °C according to DIN ISO 527-3: 2018 standard of at least 250 %and/or a water resistance measured according to EN 1928: 2000 standard of 0.6 bar for 24 hours and/or a maximum tear strength measured according to EN 12310-2: 2018 standard of at least 100 N.
  • Another subject of the present invention is a use of the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material as defined above for preparing of waterproofing or roofing membranes.
  • a roofing membrane may be provided as a single-or a multi-ply membrane.
  • the term “single-ply membrane” designates in the present disclosure membranes comprising exactly one waterproofing layer whereas the term “multi-ply membrane” designates membranes comprising two or more waterproofing layers.
  • the waterproofing layers of a multi-ply roofing membrane may have similar or different compositions.
  • Single-and multi-ply waterproofing and roofing membranes are known to a person skilled in the art and they may be produced by any conventional means from the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material, such as by way of extrusion or co-extrusion, calendaring, or hot-pressing.
  • Another subject of the present invention is a method for producing a sealing device of the present invention, the method comprising melt-processing a starting composition comprising a PVC resin, at least one plasticizer, a crosslinking agent, and optionally at least one mineral filler, a catalyst and/or a promoter.
  • melt processing refers in the present disclosure to a process comprising melt-mixing a composition to obtain a melt-blend.
  • melt-mixing refers in the present disclosure to a process, in which a polymer is heated above its melting point in order to mix or blend other materials into the polymer until an essentially homogeneously mixed mixture, i.e. a melt-blend of the polymer and the other materials, is obtained.
  • Melt-processing may also comprise a further step of shaping of the melt-blend into a form of a shaped article by using various operations known to those of skill in the art, such as, extruding, molding, thermoforming, film blowing, casting, or calendering
  • Some or all the constituents of the starting composition can be first mixed without melting to obtain a dry blend, which is then melt-mixed and shaped into form of a shaped article.
  • the crosslinking reactions between the PVC resin and the crosslinking agent start to proceed during the melt-mixing step and they may continue during the shaping step.
  • the method for producing a sealing device of the present invention comprises steps of:
  • step II Melt-processing the composition obtained in step I) into form of a sheet-like shaped article.
  • the crosslinking reactions between the PVC resin and the crosslinking agent may occur during the step I) and/or step II) of the method.
  • the composition obtained in step I) already contains a thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC resin.
  • the melt-blend obtained in step I) can be directly shaped into form of a shaped article in step II) of the method. It may, however, be preferred that the melt-blend obtained in step I) is first processed into granules, which are then melt-mixed and shaped into form of a shaped article in the subsequent step II) .
  • step I) of the method for producing a sealing device comprises steps of:
  • step II) of the method for producing a sealing device comprises steps of:
  • Step ii) is preferably conducted at a sufficiently high temperature to allow the reactions between the PVC resin and the crosslinking agent to proceed.
  • step ii) is conducted at temperature of at or above 135 °C, preferably at or above 145 °C, more preferably at or above 155 °C, even more preferably at or above 165 °C.
  • step ii) is conducted at temperature of 135 –200 °C, preferably 145 –190 °C, more preferably 155 –185 °C, even more preferably 160 –185 °C, still more preferably 165 –180 °C.
  • the dry blend provided in step i) contains a catalyst and/or a promoter or the catalyst and/or the promoter are added to the dry blend in step ii) .
  • the melt-mixing steps ii) and v) can be conducted as a batch process using any conventional mixer having means for temperature control, such as a Buss, Banbury, or a roller kneader, a two-roll mill, or a dispersion, planetary, Brabender, Banbury mixer, or a roll mixer or as a continuous process using a continuous type mixer, preferably an extruder, such as a single screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, or a planetary roller extruder.
  • any conventional mixer having means for temperature control such as a Buss, Banbury, or a roller kneader, a two-roll mill, or a dispersion, planetary, Brabender, Banbury mixer, or a roll mixer or as a continuous process using a continuous type mixer, preferably an extruder, such as a single screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, or a planetary roller extruder.
  • the shaping steps iii) and vi) can be conducted using any conventional techniques, such as by extruding, blow-molding, injection molding, compression molding, film blowing, calendaring, or by using any other suitable melt-shaping technique known to a person skilled in the art.
  • steps ii) and iii) are conducted using an extrusion granulating apparatus comprising an extruder, extruder die, and at least one granulator.
  • the dry blend is introduced into an extrusion apparatus comprising an extruder and an extruder die, melt-mixed in the extruder to obtain the first melt-blend, which is extruded through an extruder die.
  • the extruded material is passed to a granulator comprising a granulating die and a granulating unit.
  • steps v) and vi) are conducted using an extruder apparatus comprising an extruder and an extruder die.
  • the granules are introduced into an extrusion apparatus comprising an extruder and a die, melt-mixed in the extruder to obtain the second melt-blend, which is extruded through an extruder die preferably followed by cooling of the extruded shaped melt by employing spaced apart calender cooling rolls through which the extruded shaped melt is drawn.
  • Suitable extrusion apparatuses comprising at least one extruder and an extruder die are well known to a person skilled in the art. Any conventional extruders, for example, a ram extruder, single screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, or a planetary roller extruder may be used. Preferably, the extruder is a screw extruder, more preferably a twin-screw extruder.
  • the dry blend of the starting composition can be obtained by using any of the conventional techniques known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the dry blend can be obtained by heating the PVC resin, the crosslinking agent, the at least one plasticizer, and optionally the at least one mineral filler in a high-speed mixer to a temperature of about 100 –120°C to obtain a homogeneous, dry powder with greater or lesser flowability and having a degree of gelation about 0 %.
  • step i) comprises steps of:
  • step i3) Adding the at least one plasticizer to the mixture obtained in step i2) and continuing mixing until the at least one plasticizer has been substantially completely incorporated into the PVC resin,
  • step i4) Optionally adding the at least one mineral filler to the mixture obtained in step i3) and continuing mixing until a homogeneously mixed mixture is obtained, and
  • step i5) Cooling the mixture obtained in step i3) or i4) to a temperature of below 50 °C to obtain a PVC dry blend.
  • the mixing in steps i2) to i4) can be conducted using any conventional batch or continuous type of mixing apparatus, such as a high-speed mixer.
  • the mixing steps i2) to i4) are conducted at a temperature below the melting point of the PVC resin in order to obtain a PVC dry blend.
  • Another subject of the present invention is a method for covering a substrate comprising steps of:
  • the substrate is selected from the group consisting of an insulation board, a cover board, an existing waterproofing or roofing membrane, and a hardened concrete structure.
  • Step III. of the method for covering a substrate can be conducted manually, for example by using a hot air tool, or by using an automatic welding device, such as an automatic hot-air welding device, for example 661 welding device.
  • an automatic welding device such as an automatic hot-air welding device, for example 661 welding device.
  • the temperature to which the edge region of the second sealing device and the overlapped section of the first sealing device are heated depends on the embodiment of the first and second sealing devices and also on whether step III. is conducted manually or by using an automatic welding device.
  • the edge region of the second sealing device and the overlapped section of the first sealing device are heated to a temperature of at or above 150 °C, more preferably at or above 200 °C.
  • Another subject of the present invention is a waterproofed structure comprising a substrate and a sealing device of the present invention adhered to a surface of the substrate via an adhesive layer or mechanically fastened to the substrate.
  • the substrate is selected from the group consisting of an insulation board, a cover board, an existing waterproofing or roofing membrane, and a hardened concrete structure.
  • a PVC resin 100 ph of a PVC resin, 3 phr (parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the PVC resin) of an organic stabilizer, 2 phr of a first processing aid, 0.2 phr of a second processing aid (lubricant) , and 0.5 phr of sodium dicyclopentadiene diformate were first mixed in a high-speed mixer using a mixing speed of 80 Hz. The mixing was continued until the temperature of the mixture reached 70°C after which the mixing speed was reduced to 50 Hz. 65 phr of a plasticizer (DINP) was then slowly added and the mixing was continued using a mixing speed of 70 Hz until the temperature increased to 120°C.
  • DIDP plasticizer
  • the mixing was continued for 6 minutes after which 24 phr of a mineral filler (TiO 2 ) was added. The mixing was continued for 1 minute, after which the mixing was stopped and the mixture was slowly cooled to a temperature of below 40°C.
  • the obtained PVC dry blend was fed into a double-roll mixer mill, wherein the front roller temperature was set to 162, 164, 162°C and the back roller temperature was set to 162, 162, and 162 °C.
  • the mixing speed of the front roller was 15 rpm and of the back roller 13 rpm.
  • the melt-processed articles obtained from the double-roll mixer mill were cut into suitable pieces, placed into molds, which were processed in a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 180°C using a hot pressing time of 20 min. After the pressing, the molds were rapidly cooled, the pressed sample was removed from the mold and tested for mechanical properties.
  • Table 1 shows the results obtained with the thermally reversibly crosslinked PVC material prepared as described above and with a plasticized PVC material prepared as described above but without using the crosslinking agent.
  • Elongation at break and tensile stress at break were measured according to ASTM D-751 standard at a temperature of 23 °C using a cross head speed of 100 mm/min.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'étanchéité (1) comprenant une couche d'imperméabilisation (2) constituée d'un matériau de polychlorure de vinyle réticulé thermiquement de manière réversible comprenant une résine de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée thermiquement de manière réversible, au moins un plastifiant, et éventuellement au moins une charge minérale, la résine de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée thermiquement de manière réversible ayant été obtenue par réaction d'une résine de polychlorure de vinyle avec un agent de réticulation, éventuellement en présence d'un catalyseur et/ou d'un promoteur. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif d'étanchéité, l'utilisation du matériau de polychlorure de vinyle réticulé thermiquement de manière réversible pour la préparation d'une membrane d'imperméabilisation ou de toiture, et un procédé pour recouvrir un substrat.
PCT/CN2020/075200 2020-02-14 2020-02-14 Membrane de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée de manière thermoréversible WO2021159438A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2020/075200 WO2021159438A1 (fr) 2020-02-14 2020-02-14 Membrane de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée de manière thermoréversible

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2020/075200 WO2021159438A1 (fr) 2020-02-14 2020-02-14 Membrane de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée de manière thermoréversible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021159438A1 true WO2021159438A1 (fr) 2021-08-19

Family

ID=77292012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/075200 WO2021159438A1 (fr) 2020-02-14 2020-02-14 Membrane de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée de manière thermoréversible

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2021159438A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024068492A1 (fr) * 2022-09-26 2024-04-04 Sika Technology Ag Élément d'étanchéité à résistance à la déchirure améliorée

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120261064A1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 International Business Machines Corporation Thermally reversible crosslinked polymer modified particles and methods for making the same
CN102924847A (zh) * 2012-11-08 2013-02-13 亿利资源集团有限公司 一种热可逆交联pvc电缆料及其制备方法
CN104004304A (zh) * 2014-06-23 2014-08-27 北京化工大学 一种具有形状记忆功能的pvc材料

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120261064A1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 International Business Machines Corporation Thermally reversible crosslinked polymer modified particles and methods for making the same
CN102924847A (zh) * 2012-11-08 2013-02-13 亿利资源集团有限公司 一种热可逆交联pvc电缆料及其制备方法
CN104004304A (zh) * 2014-06-23 2014-08-27 北京化工大学 一种具有形状记忆功能的pvc材料

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024068492A1 (fr) * 2022-09-26 2024-04-04 Sika Technology Ag Élément d'étanchéité à résistance à la déchirure améliorée

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP7463300B2 (ja) 接着剤シーラント層を有する自己接着性シーリングデバイス
US8206817B2 (en) Window and door flashing, roofing underlayment, protection course, root block and sound control underlayment material products
EP0586904B1 (fr) Matériau pour revêtements de toits ignifuges soudables à chaud contenant des promoteurs de thermoplasticité et procédé pour recouvrir les toits
US20220339913A1 (en) Self-healing sealing device
JP2612958B2 (ja) 重合体防水膜
EP3611308B1 (fr) Membrane de toiture auto-adhésive
EP3643494B1 (fr) Dispositif d'étanchéité à couche à base de fibre soudable
WO2021159438A1 (fr) Membrane de polychlorure de vinyle réticulée de manière thermoréversible
WO2019185459A1 (fr) Procédé pour la production d'une membrane d'imperméabilisation bitumineuse préformée
EP4272957A1 (fr) Membrane de toiture avec film de protection
EP3819317A1 (fr) Membrane étanche dotée d'une couche autocicatrisante
WO2022178873A1 (fr) Membrane de toiture présentant une résistance au vieillissement améliorée
CN113924339B (zh) 具有改善的挠曲性的热塑性聚合物组合物
RU2167173C2 (ru) По меньшей мере трехслойный гидроизоляционный материал
KR102376890B1 (ko) Pvc 수지 조성물 및 이를 이용한 내충격성이 우수한 pvc 엠보싱 방수시트 제조방법
WO2021229024A2 (fr) Dispositif d'étanchéité doté d'au moins un bord court pouvant être soudé à chaud
WO2021208108A1 (fr) Ruban autoadhésif de réparation résistant à l'eau
WO2024068492A1 (fr) Élément d'étanchéité à résistance à la déchirure améliorée
CN112004877A (zh) 填充的聚氯乙烯组合物

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20918231

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20918231

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1