WO2021156696A1

WO2021156696A1 - An anchor chair

Info

Publication number: WO2021156696A1
Application number: PCT/IB2021/050525
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rik DESCAMPS; Christian CORNILLIE
Original assignee: Proferro
Priority date: 2020-02-06
Filing date: 2021-01-23
Publication date: 2021-08-12
Also published as: BE1028035B1; BE1028035A1

Abstract

An anchor chair (10) is described comprising two or more passages (112, 114) for an elongated foundation element (20), wherein the passages (112, 114) extend between two or more corresponding openings (122, 124) located on the first side (12) and only one common cavity (140) located on the second opposite side (14). The passage angles (127, 129) of the respective central longitudinal axis (117, 119) of the different passages (112, 114) and/or the abutment angles (133, 135) of the abutment surfaces (132, 134) at the height of the openings (122, 124) of the different passages (112, 114) are different.

Description

An anchor chair.

The technical field concerns an anchor chair, also named anchor, as well as a composition comprising an anchor chair, for anchoring an elongated foundation element to a wall, wherein the anchor chair transmits a pulling force from an elongated foundation element to a wall. For example, it concerns anchor chairs that are used, inter alia, for grout anchors, screw anchors, screw injection anchors and anchor partitions as anchorage elements for walls such as for example construction pit walls, dam walls, walls for a quay construction, walls for basement floors, tunnel walls, and such walls. In this case, such an anchor chair transmits a pulling force from an elongated foundation element to such a wall. In this case, the elongated foundation element is inserted, for example through the wall in the surrounding soil or the surrounding rock. A known anchor chair for anchoring a wall is for example described in US3971177. As described in US3971177 with reference to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 3, the associated references of which will be used below, the elongated foundation element 3, also called earth anchor, is arranged in a bore 2 in the soil, after which grout 9 is inserted in the bore 2 such that the elongated foundation element 3 is surrounded by it. It is clear that in this case the elongated foundation element 3 was arranged through a bore in a wall 1 to be anchored in the soil E. This wall 1 forms, for example, the vertical wall of a construction pit. On the side facing away from the soil, at the height of the opening in the wall, through which an end of the elongated foundation element protrudes, an anchor chair 14 is arranged. This anchor chair 14 forms a pressure plate for the anchor nut 15. After the elongated foundation element 3 is sufficiently secured in the bore 2 in the soil E by means of the hardened grout 9, by arranging and screwing the anchor nut 15 against the anchor chair 14, a pulling force can be applied to the elongated foundation element 3 which is transmitted to the wall 1 via the anchor chair 14. In other words, such an anchor chair is configured for transmitting a pulling force from an elongated foundation element to a wall, wherein the elongated foundation element extends through the wall and the anchor chair. Preferably, in this case, the pulling force must apply a desired pretension in the elongated foundation element 3. Further it is also clear that the elongated foundation element is attached at an angle with respect to the plane of the vertical wall in the soil and that the plane of the anchor chair against which the anchor nut abuts makes a similar angle with respect to the vertical wall.

This angle can be chosen depending on the location in the wall, the application, and other parameters and can be, for example, 30°, 45° or 60° with respect to the plane of the wall. This requires the use of different associated anchor chairs, of which the abutment surface for the anchor nut is adjusted accordingly to make an angle, such that the abutment surface extends substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element. This requires the use of different types of anchor chairs, each having an abutment surface at a different angle, what reduces the efficiency as all necessary types of anchor chairs must be present on the construction site. It also increases the risk of mistakes, wherein the correct type of anchor chair is not used, and the end of the elongated foundation element is exposed to unacceptable forces and/or deformations when attaching the anchor nut against the anchor chair. It is further clear that the anchor chair consists of plate material. To resist the desired pulling force of the elongated foundation element without unwanted deformations, typically a relative thick and strong plate material must be used, which is disadvantageous for manufacturing such an anchor chair, as this for example complicates sawing operations, pleating operations, boring operations, and the like, that are necessary for manufacturing the anchor chair. After arranging the anchor nut it is difficult to verify if the side facing the wall of the anchor chair leans correctly against the wall for transmitting the pulling force on the wall, whereby unacceptable deformations of the wall and/or the anchor chair may occur which remain hidden from view as they are completely covered by the anchor chair. CN 110106889 A, WO 02/077372 A1 and GB 2340144 describe several elongated foundation elements having a same orientation, whereby a pulling force can be applied to the elongated foundation elements via an anchor chair. There is still a need for a more robust anchor chair, which can be manufactured more efficiently, can be used more flexibly and that facilitates a verification of the correct placement.

In order to achieve this object, according to a first aspect of the invention there is provided an anchor chair configured for transmitting a pulling force from an elongated foundation element to a wall, wherein the elongated foundation element extends through the wall and the anchor chair, the anchor chair comprising a first passage for the elongated foundation element, wherein the first passage extends between a first opening located on a first side of the anchor chair, which first side is facing away from the wall in attached state, and a cavity located on an opposite side of the anchor chair, which opposite side is facing the wall in an attached state, wherein the anchor chair comprises a second passage for an elongated foundation element, wherein the second passage extends between a second opening located on the first side of the anchor chair and the said cavity located on the opposite side of the anchor chair. It is clear in this case that according to an embodiment the cavity, located on the opposite side of the anchor chair, herewith comprises a common opening for the first passage and for the second passage. In other words, it is clear that on the opposite side of the anchor chair, which is facing the wall in attached state, the common cavity comprises a common opening providing access to the first passage and to the second passage. The second passage ensures that the anchor chair can be used in a flexible manner, for example for elongated foundation elements that are arranged at another angle with respect to the wall. Because the two passages end in a common cavity on the side facing the wall ensures that the anchor chair can be arranged efficiently over the end of the elongated foundation element protruding from the wall. In first instance, the end of the elongated foundation element needs to be inserted only in this one common cavity. Due to the passage in which the elongated foundation element is not inserted, which provides views on the common cavity, can be verified at any time the further arranging of the anchor chair over the end of the elongated foundation element extending through the wall via the other passage. Also during and/or after applying a pulling force, for example by means of an anchor nut, the passage which is not incorporated by the elongated foundation element offers a better view on connecting the side facing the wall of the anchor chair to the wall, as well as the condition of the wall near the opening through which the elongated foundation element extends.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the anchor chair comprises two or more passages for the elongated foundation element, wherein the passages extend between two or more corresponding openings located on the first side of the anchor chair and only one common cavity located on the opposite side of the anchor chair. In this case it is clear that each of the two or more passages on one side ends at the height of the common cavity located on the opposite side of the anchor chair which is facing the wall in attached state, and that each of the two or more passages on the other side ends at the height of a different and/or separate opening on the first side of the anchor chair, which is facing away from the wall in attached state.

The common cavity ensures for a simple and efficient arrangement of the anchor chair over the end of the elongated foundation element during attaching the anchor chair, as there is only one opening on this side, in other words the common cavity comprises at the height of the opposite side of the anchor chair, that is facing the wall in attached state, only one common opening. The view on this common cavity, during arranging the anchor chair remains available via the passages that are not used for attaching the elongated foundation element, this means via the view through the openings on the first side of the anchor chair of these unused passages, and then through these unused passages themselves to the common cavity.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the said first side of the anchor chair, which first side is facing away from the wall in attached state, at the height of each of the openings of the passages, comprises a respective abutment surface for abutting the fastening element in attached state, and wherein the respective abutment surface makes a respective abutment angle with respect to the wall in attached state.

In this way, a good aligned support surface is obtained by the respective abutment surface for abutting the fastening element for the elongated foundation element, such as, for example, an anchor nut that is screwed against this abutment surface in order to subject the elongated foundation element to a suitable pretension. This allows to transmit the pulling force from the elongated foundation element to the wall via the anchor chair in an efficient manner. It is further clear that the abutment angle is the angle of the abutment surface of the passage with respect to the wall, or in other words with respect to the longitudinal plane of the wall. In other words, if the wall has a substantially vertical longitudinal plane, the abutment angle is the angle with respect to this vertical plane; if the wall has a substantially horizontal longitudinal plane, the abutment angle is the angle with respect to this horizontal plane; if the wall comprises at the height of the arranged anchor chair a longitudinal plane that was arranged at another suitable orientation, the abutment angle is the angle with respect to the orientation of this last longitudinal plane. According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the said abutment angles of the respective abutment surfaces at the height of the openings of the different passages differ from each other. This makes it possible to use a same anchor chair for use with elongated foundation elements that are arranged at a different angle with respect to the wall, also application angle. A same anchor chair can then be used for different foundation elements with a different application angle by a simple selection of the passage, of which the abutment angle of the abutment surface is suitable for abutting the fastening element for the elongated foundation element that was arranged at a certain application angle. Hence the number of different types of anchor chairs that is necessary in such a case is reduced. According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the said abutment angles: are in the range of 15° to 75°; and/or are selected from one or more of the following values: 30°, 45° and/or 60°. According to an advantageous embodiment the anchor chair comprises two said passages of which the said abutment surfaces have different abutment angles. According to advantageous embodiments the different abutment angles of these abutment surfaces of the passages are for example respectively 30° and 45°, or 45° and 60°, or 30° and 60°.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein an indicator, configured for identifying the respective abutment angle, is arranged near the respective opening of the passage located on the first side of the anchor chair.

Such an indicator is particularly advantageous, as the difference between two abutment angles of the abutment surfaces of the passages, which preferably both form a sharp angle with respect to the wall in attached state, is often not clearly visible enough to identify, for example, during use on a construction site in a fast, efficient and reliable manner. Such an indicator makes it possible to perform the selection of the desired passage with the desired abutment surface with the desired abutment angle in a fast, efficient and reliable manner.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein each of the passages comprises a central longitudinal axis which in attached state coincides with the central longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element, wherein each of the central longitudinal axes of the passages is configured for making a passage angle with respect to a direction transverse to the wall in attached state.

This is advantageous as it makes it possible to correctly and efficiently arrange the anchor chair over the end of the elongated foundation element protruding from the wall by arranging the anchor chair via the desired passage from the common cavity to the respective separate opening of the desired passage. In this case, the view via the other passage during and after the fastening on the progress and positioning of the elongated foundation element in the anchor chair is maintained. It is further clear that the passage angle is the angle of the central longitudinal axis of the passage with respect to a direction transverse to the wall, or in other words a direction transverse to the longitudinal plane of the wall. In other words, if the wall has a substantially vertical longitudinal plane, the passage angle is the angle with respect to a horizontal direction transverse to this vertical plane; if the wall has a substantially horizontal longitudinal plane, the passage angle is the angle with respect to a vertical direction transverse to this horizontal plane; if the wall comprises at the height of the arranged anchor chair a longitudinal plane that was arranged at another suitable orientation, the passage angle is the angle with respect to the direction transverse to the orientation of this last plane.

According to a preferred embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the said passage angles of the respective central axis of the different passages differ from each other.

This makes it possible to use a same anchor chair for use with elongated foundation elements that are arranged at a different angle with respect to the wall, by a simple selection of the corresponding passage. Hence the number of different types of anchor chairs that is necessary in such a case is reduced. Thereby, in the context of the application, the term application angle will be used to indicate the angle of the longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element with respect to a direction transverse to the longitudinal plane of the wall in the arranged state. It is clear that this application angle is a function of the angle of the longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element with respect to the longitudinal plane of the wall in the arranged state.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the said passage angles: are in the range of 15° to 75°; and/or are selected from one or more of the following values: 30°, 45° and/or 60°.

Such angles correspond to the usual application angles for the longitudinal axis of an elongated foundation element arranged in the wall. According to an advantageous embodiment the anchor chair comprises two said passages having different passage angles. According to advantageous embodiments the two different passage angles of the passages are for example respectively 30° and 45°, or 45° and 60°, or 30° and 60°. According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein an indicator, configured for identifying the respective passage angle, is arranged near the respective opening of the passage located on the first side of the anchor chair. This allows to select the correct passage in a simple manner as a function of a passage angle that corresponds to the application angle of the longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element arranged in the soil through the wall. According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the two or more openings of the passages are arranged respectively in an associated part of the first side which comprises a respective abutment surface for abutting the fastening element in the attached state.

In this case, in attached state, the respective abutment surface is arranged preferably transverse to the longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element, and for example transverse to the longitudinal axis of the respective passage, and at the height of the respective openings.

In this way, a good aligned support surface is obtained by the respective abutment surface for abutting the fastening element for the elongated foundation element, such as, for example, an anchor nut that is screwed against this abutment surface in order to subject the elongated foundation element to a suitable pretension. This allows to transmit in an efficient manner the pulling force from the elongated foundation element to the wall via the anchor chair.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair with two said passages is provided, wherein the abutment angles of the abutment surface at the height of the two openings located on the first side differ from each other.

This makes it possible to use a same anchor chair for use with elongated foundation elements, and associated fastening means, that are used at a different application angle by a simple selection of the corresponding passage. Hence the number of different types of anchor chairs that is necessary in such a case is reduced. According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the two or more passages each comprise an elongated guiding channel for the elongated foundation element, wherein the elongated guiding channel comprises a central longitudinal axis which coincides with the central longitudinal axis of the passage.

This is advantageous as it makes possible a correct and efficient arranging of the anchor chair over the end of the elongated foundation element protruding from the wall by guiding the anchor chair via the guiding channel of the desired passage from the common cavity to the respective separate opening of the desired passage located on the first side. In this case, the view via the other passage during and after the fastening on the progress and positioning of the elongated foundation element in the anchor chair is maintained.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the side facing the wall comprises two wedge-shaped sides, which are configured for abutting in attached state near and/or against corresponding surfaces of the wall. This allows to efficiently arrange the anchor chair in a correct position with respect to the wall, which allows for optimally transmitting the pulling force from the elongated foundation element to the wall.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the anchor chair is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the plane defined by the central longitudinal axes of the passages.

This allows to position the anchor chair in a similar manner regardless of the choice of passage and to let it cooperate with the wall.

According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the anchor chair consists of a single-piece casting. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment the anchor chair consists of a single-piece casting of cast iron.

This allows to manufacture the anchor chair in an efficient manner from cast iron, cast steel and the like. The casting can have dimensions that exceed the thickness of typical metal plates and still extend transverse to the wall over a smaller distance than known anchor chairs which are manufactured as a sheet steel structure. A single-piece casting consisting of cast iron is furthermore particularly resistant to corrosion and suitable for being subjected to pressure during the transmission of the pulling force from the elongated foundation element to the wall. In the context of this application a cast steel means a cast alloy of iron containing a mass percentage for carbon of less than 2,1% (m/m), this means a mass fraction for carbon of less than 0,021 kg/kg. Cast iron is in the context of this application a cast alloy of iron containing a mass percentage for carbon of more than 2,2% (m/m), this means a mass fraction for carbon of more than 0,022 kg/kg, for example a mass fraction of 0,030 kg/kg or more, in particular a mass fraction of 0,035 kg/kg or more. Depending on the type of cast iron, one speaks of a carbon content or a carbon equivalent. For example, with nodular cast iron, one speaks for example of a carbon content of 0,035 kg/kg. For example, with lamellar cast iron, one speaks for example of a carbon equivalent of between 3,53% and 3,8%. According to an embodiment an anchor chair is provided, wherein the anchor chair comprises one or more arms extending sideways in a direction parallel to the wall in attached state.

These arms allow the anchor chair to bridge a certain distance along the wall, such that for example the wall can be anchored and/or supported to cross beams, support beams, profiles and the like by means of the anchor chair. Also with such a type of anchor chair it is advantageous to limit the number of different types of required anchor chairs by means of several passages, in particular because an anchor chair with such arms needs more material to be manufactured.

According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a composition comprising the anchor chair according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the composition further comprises an elongated foundation element configured for arranging the anchor chair on an end of the elongated foundation element protruding from the wall via the cavity and for bringing the elongated foundation element through one of the two or more passages of the anchor chair for transmitting a pulling force from the elongated foundation element to the wall.

According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided a method for attaching an anchor chair according to the first aspect of the invention to an elongated foundation element, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

- arranging the elongated foundation element through a wall in the soil such that the longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element has a defined application angle with respect to a direction transverse to the wall; - inserting an end of the elongated foundation element protruding from the wall in the common cavity of the anchor chair;

- selecting a passage of the anchor chair of which:

- an abutment angle, with respect to the wall in attached state of an abutment surface at the height of the opening of the passage for abutting the fastening element in attached state, is configured for corresponding to the defined application angle of the longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element; and/or

- a passage angle of a longitudinal axis of a passage, with respect to a direction transverse to the wall in attached state, is configured for corresponding to the defined application angle of the longitudinal axis of the elongated foundation element; and

- arranging the end of the elongated foundation element through the anchor chair via the selected passage. In this way the anchor chair can be arranged in a simple, efficient and user-friendly manner.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a method for manufacturing the anchor chair according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the anchor chair is manufactured as a single-piece casting. According to an advantageous embodiment the anchor chair is manufactured as a single-piece casting of cast iron. In this way a compact and robust anchor chair can be manufactured in a simple and efficient manner.

Some exemplary embodiments will be described by way of example with reference to the figures, wherein:

- Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an anchor chair;

- Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an elongated foundation element and an associated fastening element;

- Figure 3 shows a cross section according to III-III in Figure 4 of the embodiment of the anchor chair of Figure 1; - Figure 4 shows a top view of the embodiment of the anchor chair shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3;

- Figure 5 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an anchor chair similar as illustrated in Figures 1, 3 and 4, in a first to the wall attached state; - Figure 6 shows a perspective view of such an embodiment of the anchor chair in a second to the wall attached state, wherein the orientation of the anchor chair differs from the orientation illustrated in Figure 5;

- Figure 7 shows a top view of the embodiment of Figure 4; - Figure 8 shows a cross section according to line VI-VI in Figure 9; - Figure 9 shows a side view of the embodiment of Figure 4 wherein a part of the wall is not shown;

- Figure 10 shows a cross section according to line X-X in Figure 7;

- Figures 11 to 15 show different views of an alternative embodiment of an anchor chair;

- Figures 16 and 17 show further cross sections and details of the embodiment of Figures 11 to 15 in a view similar to the views of Figures 3 and 4, respectively; and

- Figures 18 to 23 show different views of a composition comprising an anchor chair according to the embodiment of Figures 11 to 17.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an anchor chair 10 in a non-attached state. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a part of an elongated foundation element 20, that can be, for example, several meters long and can have a diameter of several centimeters, and an associated fastening element 22. The illustrated part of the elongated foundation element 20 extends along a longitudinal axis 24 near an end 21 of the elongated foundation element 20, that, as will be further described, protrudes through a wall 30 in attached state for attaching a fastening element 22. For example, the illustrated fastening element 22 is formed by an anchor nut, or any other element provided with a screw thread that is configured for cooperating with a corresponding screw thread on the end 21 of the elongated foundation element 20. The fastening element 22 allows, as further described in more detail, via the anchor chair 10 for applying a pulling force on the elongated foundation element 20 and transmitting on a wall 30, as for example illustrated in Figures 9 and 10. In addition, as for example illustrated schematically in Figures 9 and 10, and similarly as described above, an elongated foundation element 20 is inserted through an opening 34 in a wall 30 in a soil 40. Although in the following example of Figures 5 to 10, each time a substantially vertical wall 30, or in other words a wall 30 with a substantially vertical longitudinal plane 31, will be illustrated, as for example a wall formed by piles arranged next to each other present at the edge of a construction pit, it is clear that alternative embodiments are possible wherein the wall is arranged horizontally and/or at any suitable angle, or curvature is arranged with respect to the soil, as for example in lining of tunnel walls, and the like. As can be seen in Figures 1 to 10, the embodiment of the anchor chair 10 is configured for transmitting a pulling force from the elongated foundation element 20 to a wall 30 in attached state as for example illustrated in Figures 9 and 10. It is clear that in the attached state the elongated foundation element 20 extends through the wall 30 and the anchor chair 10. In other words, the elongated foundation element 20 extends through an opening in the wall 30 to the soil 40. In addition an end 21 of the elongated foundation element 20 protrudes from the wall 30 on the side facing away from the soil 40, over which, after the elongated foundation element 20 has been securely attached to the soil 40, the anchor chair 10 can be arranged. It is clear that the anchor chair 10 is thereby arranged by inserting this end 21 of the elongated foundation element 20 protruding from the wall 30 through a passage in the anchor chair 10. As can best be seen in Figure 3 the embodiment of the anchor chair 10 comprises two passages 112, 114 for the elongated foundation element 20. These passages 112, 114 extend between a respective opening 122, 124 located on a first side 12 of the anchor chair 10 that is facing away from the wall 30 in attached state, and a common cavity 140 located on a second opposite side 14 of the anchor chair 10 that is facing the wall 30 in an attached state. As can be seen in the attached state illustrated in Figures 5 to 10, it is clear that the opposite side 14 at least partially leans against the wall 30 and is facing the wall 30. The first side 12 is situated on the side of the anchor chair 10 facing away from the wall 30 in this attached state. From a point of view, where is looked toward the wall 30, in the attached state, the first side 12 can be seen as the front side of the anchor chair 10 and the opposite side 14 which is facing the wall 30 can be seen as the back side of the anchor chair 10.

It is clear that alternative embodiments of an anchor chair 10 are possible, wherein in general the first passage 112 extends between a first opening 122 located on the first side 12 and the common cavity 140 located on an opposite side 14 facing the wall 30 in an attached state, and wherein the anchor chair 10 also comprises a second passage 114 suitable for the elongated foundation element 20, wherein the second passage 114 extends between another opening 124 located on the first side 12 of the first passage 112, and the same common cavity 140 located on the opposite side 14 as the common cavity 140 for the first passage 112. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment the anchor chair 10 comprises two passages 112, 114 for the elongated foundation element 20. However, it is clear that according to alternative embodiments, three, four or more passages can be arranged in the anchor chair 10, each extending from an associated separate opening located on the first side 12 to only one common cavity 140 located on the opposite side 14 facing the wall 30 in the attached state.

As can best be seen in the cross section of Figure 3 or Figure 10, the two passages 112, 114 each comprise a passage for the elongated foundation element 20. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, these passages have dimensions at their inner surface which are greater than or equal to the diameter of the elongated foundation element 20, such that the passages 112, 114, upon insertion of the elongated foundation element 20 through the passages 112, 114, provide the elongated foundation element 20 passage and/or guide in the direction of the corresponding opening 122, 124 of the respective passage 112, 114. As can be seen in Figure 3 or Figure 10 the passages 112, 114 comprise a respective central longitudinal axis 117, 119 which is configured for making a passage angle 127, 129 with respect to a direction 33 transverse to the wall 30 in attached state. This means a passage angle 127, 129 with respect to a direction 33 transverse to a longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 in attached state. In this case it is clear, as for example schematically indicated in Figures 3 and 10, that the longitudinal plane of the opposite side 14 facing the wall in attached state, is parallel to and/or corresponds to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30. It is further clear that in the state illustrated in Figure 3, the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 is schematically illustrated as a horizontal plane, and that in Figure 10, the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 forms a vertical plane. Flowever, it is clear that alternative embodiments are possible wherein the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall in attached state has any suitable orientation. It is further clear that in the state illustrated in Figure 3, the direction 33 transverse to the horizontal longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30, is schematically illustrated as a vertical direction 33, and that in the state illustrated in Figure 10, the direction 33 transverse to the vertical longitudinal plane 31 of the wall, is schematically illustrated as a horizontal direction 33. Flowever, it is further clear that variant embodiments, wherein in attached state another suitable orientation of the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 is applied, also an associated transverse direction 33 transverse to the orientation of this longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 can be applied. According to the illustrated embodiment of the anchor chair 10, it is clear that the passage angles 127, 129 of the respective central longitudinal axis 117, 119 of the different passages 112, 114 differ. The passage angle 127 of the central longitudinal axis 117 of the first passage 112 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 is for example 30°. The passage angle 129 of the central longitudinal axis 119 of the second passage 114 with respect to the direction transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 is for example 45°.

According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment an indicator 123 is arranged near the first opening 122 of the first passage 112 that identifies this passage angle 127 as 30°. Similarly, by an indicator 125 near the second opening 124 of the second passage 114 the associated passage angle 129 is identified as an angle of 45°.

It is clear that alternative embodiments are possible with other passage angles 127, 129, such as any suitable passage angle in the range of 15° to 75°, however typically the application angles 26 at which the elongated foundation element 20 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 is arranged in the soil 40 are at one or more of the following angles: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°. This allows to choose in a simple manner after arranging an elongated foundation element 20 through the wall 30 in the soil 40, wherein the central longitudinal axis 24 of the elongated foundation element 20 is arranged at a defined angle with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30, the passage 112, 114 with a suitable central longitudinal axis 117, 119 of which the passage angle 127, 129 corresponds to the application angle 26 of the longitudinal axis 24 of the elongated foundation element 20 in the state to be attached. In other words, the indicator 123, 125 allows for a simple and efficient selection of the suitable passage 112, 114 in function of the application angle 26 at which the elongated foundation element 20 was inserted through the wall 30 in the soil 40. This means in the illustrated exemplary embodiment of the cross section in Figure 10 that the selection of the passage 114, of which the passage angle 129 of its longitudinal axis 119 corresponds to the application angle 26 of the longitudinal axis 24 of the elongated foundation element 20 of 45°. This cross section of Figure 10 corresponds to the orientation of the embodiment of the anchor chair 10 illustrated in attached state of an embodiment of the wall 30 as schematically illustrated in the perspective view of Figure 5. The illustrated wall 30 is embodied as a profile with two concatenated pile-shaped elements. Figure 6 shows a perspective view of this embodiment of the anchor chair 10 in a to the wall 30 attached state, wherein the orientation of the anchor chair is different from the orientation illustrated in Figures 5 and 10. It is clear that in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 6, the other passage 112 was selected, of which the passage angle 127 of its longitudinal axis 117 corresponds to the application angle 26 of the longitudinal axis 24 of an elongated foundation element 20, which in this case is 30°. The top view of the attached state in Figure 7, the cross section of Figure 8 and the side view of Figure 9 all correspond to these second orientation of the anchor chair 10 as illustrated in Figure 6. From the above description, it is clear that the illustrated exemplary embodiment of the anchor chair 10 is suitable to be arranged over the end 21 of elongated foundation elements 20 that are arranged at a different application angle 26, for example 30° and 45°, through the wall 30 in the soil 40. It is further also clear that according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment in Figures 1 to 10 around the openings 122, 124, an abutment surface 132, 134 for abutting the fastening element 22 is provided. The first abutment surface 132 is arranged in a part of the first side 12 of the anchor chair 10 surrounding the first opening 122, or in other words, the first opening 122 is arranged in a part of the first side 12 comprising the first abutment surface 132. The first side 12 of the anchor chair 10 further comprises also a second abutment surface 134 surrounding the second opening 124, or in other words, the second opening 124 is arranged in a part of the first side 12 comprising the second abutment surface 134. It is clear that according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment the first abutment surface 132 extends transverse with respect to the direction of the longitudinal axis 117 of the first passage 112. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment the second abutment surface 134 extends transverse with respect to the direction of the longitudinal axis 119 of the second passage 114. As both longitudinal axes 117, 119 of the passages 112, 114 according to the illustrated embodiment have a passage angle 127, 129 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 that differs, it is clear that, according to this embodiment, the abutment angles 133, 135 of both abutment surfaces 132, 134 also differ from each other, in particular the abutment angles 133, 135 formed by the angles of the longitudinal plane of these abutment surfaces 132, 134 with respect to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30. In this case the abutment angle 133 of the first abutment surface 132 with respect to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is for example 30° and the abutment angle 135 of the second abutment surface 134 for example 45°. It is clear that alternative embodiments are possible, wherein the abutment surfaces 132, 134 at least partially extend near and/or around the openings and/or the abutment angles 133, 135 have other suitable values. So it is clear that the different parts of the first side 12, which is facing away from the wall 30 in attached state, as illustrated in the exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 to 10, comprise abutment surfaces 132, 134 that are arranged at a different abutment angle 133, 135 with respect to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 in the attached state.

As further can be seen in for example the top view of Figure 7 and the cross section of Figure 8, this specific embodiment of the anchor chair 10 comprises two wedge-shaped sides 170 on the side 14 facing the wall 30. These wedge-shaped sides 170 are abutting in the illustrated attached state against corresponding surfaces 32 of the wall 30. The anchor chair 10 also comprises side walls 171 which together with side walls located near the openings 112, 114 limit the common cavity 140. The side walls 171 extend for example to the wedge-shaped sides 170. Because of the side walls, a firm and robust construction of the anchor chair 10 is obtained. It is clear that alternative embodiments are possible wherein the wall 30 comprises for example such surfaces 32, the orientation of which deviates from the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30, and the side 14 of the anchor chair 10 facing the wall 30 adjoins for example a substantially flat wall 30 which extends according to the orientation of the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30. Flowever, arranging the anchor chair 10 at least partially between such corresponding surfaces 32 in the wall 30 is advantageous as this reduces the distance by which the anchor chair 10 protrudes beyond the wall 30, whereby for example, less space is lost for arranging additional elements beyond the wall 30 where the anchor chair 10 is arranged. As can be seen for example in Figure 7, the distance LI between the front end of the wall 30 and the front end of the attached anchor chair 10, this means according to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30, is smaller than the maximum length L2 of the anchor chair 10 according to this direction 33. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment the anchor chair 10 is symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry 16 substantially transverse to the plane of the wall 30 as illustrated by the line X-X in Figure 7. It is clear in this case that the openings 122, 124 and the passages 112, 114 are also embodied symmetrical with respect to this plane of symmetry 16 and that the longitudinal axes 117, 119 of the passages 112, 114 are located in or substantially in this central plane of symmetry 16. It is further clear that, for the illustrated exemplary embodiment, this means that the anchor chair 10 is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the plane of symmetry 16 defined by the two central longitudinal axes 117, 119 of the two passages 112, 114.

Figure 20 shows a top view, this means a view transverse to the wall 30 and towards the wall 30 in the attached state of an embodiment of an anchor chair 10 similar to that described for the embodiment of Figures 1 to 10. This embodiment of the anchor chair will be described in detail with reference to Figures 11 to 23, wherein similar elements are indicated by similar references and function in a similar manner as described above. Different from the embodiments described above, this embodiment of the anchor chair 10 comprises two arms 142, 144 extending sideways in a direction parallel to the wall 30 in the attached state. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, this means that the arms 142, 144 extend in a direction transverse to the central plane of symmetry 16 defined by the central longitudinal axes 117, 119 of the passages 112, 114. Flowever, it is clear that alternative embodiments are possible wherein any suitable number of arms, such as for example one, three, four, or more, extend in a direction parallel to the wall 30 in the attached state, for example also according to the direction transverse to the arms 142, 144 of the illustrated exemplary embodiment, or according to any other suitable direction with respect to the arms 142, 144 of the illustrated exemplary embodiment. It is clear that in this case, as illustrated, the arms 142, 144 extend in a direction away from the common cavity 140. On the side 14 of the anchor chair 10 facing the wall 30, the arms 142, 144 extend in the direction of the wall 30, in other words on the side 14 of the anchor chair 10 the arms 142, 144 form for example a plane 38 which is parallel to the wall 30. Figures 11, 12, 13 and 14 show a top view, a side view, a bottom view and an opposite side view, respectively, of the embodiment of the anchor chair 10 of Figure 11. Figure 15 shows a cross section along the line XV-XV in Figure 11.

Figure 17 shows a detail indicated by frame XVII in the view of the embodiment of Figure 11 in more detail. Figure 16 shows a cross section along the line XVI-XVI in Figure 17. As can best be seen in the cross section of Figure 16, the two passages 112, 114 comprise an elongated guiding channel 116, 118 respectively for the elongated foundation element 20. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment these elongated guiding channels 116, 118 are cylindrical, or partially cylindrical channels with a diameter greater than or equal to the diameter of the elongated foundation element 20, so that the guiding channels 116, 118, upon insertion of the elongated foundation element 20 through the passages 112, 114, guide the elongated foundation element 20 in the direction of the corresponding opening 122, 124 of the respective passage 112, 114. As can be seen in Figure 16 the elongated guiding channels

116, 118 comprise a respective central longitudinal axis 117, 119 which corresponds to the longitudinal axis 117, 119 of the respective passage 112, 114 and which is, as described above, configured for making a passage angle 127, 129 with respect to a direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 in an attached state. In this case it is clear that the guiding channels 116, 118 must extend over only a part of passages 112, 114 and, although they are present here near the openings 122, 124 in the first side 12, can be arranged at any suitable location in the anchor chair 10. According to the illustrated embodiment of the anchor chair 10, it is clear that the passage angles 127, 129 of the respective central longitudinal axis 117, 119 of the different guiding channels 116, 118 differ. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the passage angle 127 of the central longitudinal axis 117 of the guiding channel 116 of the first passage 112 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 is for example 30°. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, similar as described above, the passage angle 129 of the central longitudinal axis 119 of the guiding channel 118 of the second passage 114 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 is for example 45°. In this case it is clear that according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment the passage angles 127, 129 correspond to the corresponding abutment angles 133, 135 of the corresponding passages 112, 114. Figure 17 shows a detail at the height of the passages 112, 114 of the view of Figure 11, wherein the indicators 123, 125 of the passage angles 127, 129 and/or the abutment angles 133, 135 are also clearly visible. As can be seen in the cross section of Figure 16 the passages 112, 114 and the guiding channels 116, 118 comprise central longitudinal axes 117, 119 that are arranged at different angles 127, 129 of for example 30° and 45° with respect to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 in the attached state. Different from the embodiment described above, it is clear that the passages 112, 114 comprise guiding channels 116, 118 extending almost over the entire length of the passages 112, 114 and only coinciding at the height of the common cavity 140 in the vicinity of the side 14 of the anchor chair 10 facing the wall 30 in the attached state.

Figures 18 and 19 show a similar cross section as Figure 16, wherein the anchor chair 10 is illustrated in an attached state. In this case the orientation of the anchor chair 10 in Figure 18 corresponds to the orientation illustrated in Figure 17 and the orientation of the anchor chair 10 in Figure 19 is different from the orientation in Figure 17, similar as described above for the different orientations illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. In this case the anchor chair 10 together with the elongated foundation element 20 forms a composition. In this case it is clear that, similar as described above, the elongated foundation element 20 is configured for arranging the anchor chair 10 on an end 21 of the elongated foundation element 20 protruding from the wall 30. The foundation element 20 is brought via the common cavity 140 through one of the two passages 112, 114 through the anchor chair 10, after which a pulling force can be transmitted from the elongated foundation element 20 to the wall 30 via the anchor chair 10 by tightening the fastening element 22, as for example an anchor nut, against the anchor chair 10. In the state, as illustrated in Figure 18, the elongated foundation element 20 arranged through the first passage 112, of which the passage angle 127 of the central longitudinal axis 117 of the first passage 112 and the elongated guiding channel 116 of the first passage 112 corresponds to the application angle 26 of the longitudinal axis 24 of the elongated foundation element 20 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30, of for example 30°. It is further clear that similarly as described above, also the abutment angle 133 of the abutment surface 132 of the first passage 112 makes an abutment angle 133 of for example 30° with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30, which corresponds to the application angle 26 of the elongated foundation element 20 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30. In other words, similarly as described above, the abutment surface 132 is substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis 117 of the passage 112.

In the state, as illustrated in Figure 19, the elongated foundation element 20 that is arranged at another application angle with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30, of for example 45°, is arranged through the second passage 114 of which the longitudinal axis 119 has a corresponding passage angle 129 and the abutment surface 134 associated with the second passage 114 an associated abutment angle 135, of for example also 45°, in the attached state. It is clear that, both in the state of Figure 18 and in the state of Figure 19, the passage 112, 114 which is not used for the elongated foundation element 20 offers the possibility to inspect the condition at the height of the common cavity 140, and thus consequently the correct leaning of the side 14 of the anchor chair 10 against the wall 30, and/or any unacceptable deformations of the wall 30.

It is clear that alternative embodiments for the embodiments as described above of the method for attaching an anchor chair 10 to an elongated foundation element 20 are possible. Such methods preferably comprise the following steps. As first step, as described above, the elongated foundation element 20 is arranged through a wall 30 in the soil 40, such that the longitudinal axis 24 of the elongated foundation element 20 has a defined desired application angle 26 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30. Subsequently an end 21 of the elongated foundation element 20 protruding from the wall 30 is inserted in the common cavity 140. Then, as for example illustrated in Figures 18 and 19, a selection of the passage 112, 114 of the anchor chair 10 for the elongated foundation element 20 can take place. During this selection, the passage 112, 114 is selected of which the passage angle 127, 129 of the central longitudinal axis 117, 119 of the passage 112, 114 with respect to the direction 33 transverse to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 and/or the abutment angle 133, 135 of the associated abutment surface 132, 134 at the height of the opening 122, 124 of the passage 112, 114 with respect to the longitudinal plane 31 of the wall 30 corresponds to the defined application angle 26 of the longitudinal axis 24 of the elongated foundation element 20. Subsequently the end 21 of the elongated foundation element 20 can then be arranged through the anchor chair 10 via the selected passage 112, 114. Figures 20 to 23 show different views of a composition wherein the embodiment of the anchor chair 10 from Figures 11 to 19 is arranged to an embodiment of a wall 30 that cooperates with support beams 36 that are arranged at regular distances. As illustrated, the arms 142, 144 allow the anchor chair 10 to bridge this distance between the parallel support beams 36 along the wall 30, such that the wall 30 can be anchored and/or supported to these support beams 36 by means of the anchor chair 10. It is further also clear that in such an embodiment of the anchor chair 10, the force transmitted to the wall 30 via the anchor chair 10 by means of the arms 142, 144 spreads over a larger surface, thereby reducing the risk of local deformation of the wall 30 and/or the need to provide thick, solid walls 30. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, it is clear that the side 14 facing the wall of the anchor chair comprises different planes 37, 38, of which the outer planes 37 are configured for cooperating with the support beams 36 in the attached state and the central plane 38 is configured for cooperating with the wall 30 in attached state.

Preferably, according to the illustrated embodiments, the anchor chair 10 consists of a single-piece casting. This means that the anchor chair 10 only consist of a cast structure, which has been manufactured with a suitable material such as cast iron, cast steel, and the like. Cast iron is preferred in this case as it enables a simple and efficient casting process and use of material. When the anchor chair 10 is manufactured in this way as a single-piece casting, this allows a compact and simple to manufacture casting that is able to resist high pressure forces generated by transmitting the pulling force in the foundation element 20 to the wall 30.

It is clear that numerous further variant embodiments are possible, as well as combinations thereof, which fall within the extent of protection as defined by the claims. For example, the specific embodiment of the passages 112, 114 of Figures 1 to 10 can be used with the embodiment of the anchor chair 10 of Figures 11 to 23 and vice versa.

Claims

Claims.

1. An anchor chair (10) configured for transmitting a pulling force from an elongated foundation element (20) to a wall (30), wherein the elongated foundation element (20) extends through the wall (30) and the anchor chair (10), the anchor chair (10) comprising a first passage (112) for the elongated foundation element (20), wherein the first passage (112) extends between a first opening (122) located on a first side (12) of the anchor chair (10), which first side (12) is facing away from the wall (30) in attached state, and a cavity (140) located on an opposite side (14) of the anchor chair (10), which opposite side (14) is facing the wall (30) in attached state, characterized in that the anchor chair (10) comprises a second passage (114) for an elongated foundation element (20), wherein the second passage (114) extends between a second opening (124) located on the first side (12) of the anchor chair (10) and the said cavity (140) located on the opposite side (14) of the anchor chair (10).

2. An anchor chair according to claim 1, wherein the anchor chair

(10) comprises two or more passages (112, 114) for the elongated foundation element (20), wherein the passages (112, 114) extend between two or more corresponding openings (122, 124) located on the first side (12) of the anchor chair (10) and only one common cavity (140) located on the opposite side (14) of the anchor chair (10).

3. An anchor chair according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the said first side (12) of the anchor chair (10), which first side (12) is facing away from the wall (30) in attached state, at the height of each of the openings (122, 124) of the passages (112, 114), comprises a respective abutment surface (132, 134) for abutting the fastening element (22) in attached state, and wherein the respective abutment surface (132, 134) makes a respective abutment angle (133, 135) with respect to the wall (30) in attached state.

4. An anchor chair according to claim 3, wherein said abutment angles (133, 135) of the respective abutment surfaces (132, 134) at the height of the openings (122, 124) of the different passages (112, 114) differ from each other.

5. An anchor chair according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the passages (112, 114) comprises a central longitudinal axis (117, 119) which in attached state coincides with the central longitudinal axis (24) of the elongated foundation element (20), wherein each of the central longitudinal axes (117, 119) of the passages (112, 114) is configured for making a passage angle (127, 129) with respect to a direction (33) transverse to the wall (30) in attached state.

6. An anchor chair according to claim 5, wherein the said passage angles (127, 129) of the respective central longitudinal axis (117, 119) of the different passages (112, 114) differ from each other.

7. An anchor chair according to one or more of claims 3 to 6, wherein the said abutment angles (133, 135) and/or the said passage angles (127, 129):

- are in the range of 15° to 75°; and/or

- are selected from one or more of the following values: 30°, 45° and/or 60°.

8. An anchor chair according to one or more of claims 3 to 7, wherein an indicator (123, 125) configured for identifying the respective abutment angle (133, 135) and/or the respective passage angle (127, 129), is arranged near the respective opening (122, 124) of the passage (112, 114) located on the first side (12) of the anchor chair (10).

9. An anchor chair according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, wherein the side (14) facing the wall (30) comprises two wedge- shaped sides (170), which are configured for abutting in attached state near and/or against corresponding surfaces (32) of the wall (30).

10. An anchor chair according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, wherein the anchor chair (10) is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the plane (16) defined by the central longitudinal axes (117, 119) of the passages (112, 114).

11. An anchor chair according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, wherein the anchor chair (10) consists of a single-piece casting, in particular a single-piece casting of cast iron.

12. An anchor chair according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, wherein the anchor chair (10) comprises one or more arms (142, 144) extending sideways in a direction parallel to the wall (30) in attached state.

13. A composition comprising the anchor chair (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, wherein the composition further comprises an elongated foundation element (20) configured for arranging the anchor chair (10) on an end (21) of the elongated foundation element (20) protruding from the wall (30) via the cavity (140) and for bringing the elongated foundation element (20) through one of the two or more passages (112, 114) of the anchor chair (10) for transmitting a pulling force from the elongated foundation element (20) to the wall (30).

14. A method for attaching the anchor chair (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 12 to an elongated foundation element (20), wherein the method comprises the following steps:

- arranging the elongated foundation element (20) through a wall (30) in the soil (40) such that the longitudinal axis (24) of the elongated foundation element (20) has a defined application angle (26) with respect to a direction (33) transverse to the wall (30);

- inserting an end (21) of the elongated foundation element (20) protruding from the wall (30) in the common cavity (140) of the anchor chair (10);

- selecting a passage (112, 114) of the anchor chair (10) of which:

- an abutment angle (133, 135), with respect to the wall (30) in attached state of an abutment surface (132, 134) at the height of the opening (122, 124) of the passage (112, 114) for abutting the fastening element (22) in attached state, is configured for corresponding to the defined application angle (26) of the longitudinal axis (24) of the elongated foundation element (20); and/or

- a passage angle (127, 129) of a longitudinal axis (117, 119) of a passage (112, 114), with respect to a direction (33) transverse to the wall (30) in attached state, is configured for corresponding to the defined application angle (26) of the longitudinal axis (24) of the elongated foundation element (20); and

- arranging the end (21) of the elongated foundation element (20) through the anchor chair (10) via the selected passage (112, 114).

15. Method for manufacturing the anchor chair (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, wherein the anchor chair (10) is manufactured as a single-piece casting, in particular as a single-piece casting of cast iron.