WO2021155741A1 - 一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置及其监测方法 - Google Patents

一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置及其监测方法 Download PDF

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WO2021155741A1
WO2021155741A1 PCT/CN2021/072470 CN2021072470W WO2021155741A1 WO 2021155741 A1 WO2021155741 A1 WO 2021155741A1 CN 2021072470 W CN2021072470 W CN 2021072470W WO 2021155741 A1 WO2021155741 A1 WO 2021155741A1
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wind turbine
electrically connected
housing
monitoring device
turbine blade
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PCT/CN2021/072470
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English (en)
French (fr)
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薛宇
崔元贞
张阳
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中国海洋大学
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics

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  • the invention belongs to the field of wind turbines, and particularly relates to a wind turbine blade health state monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof in the field.
  • a typical wind turbine is composed of rotors, hubs, blades, gearboxes and power transmission systems, generators, power regulation devices, and software control and monitoring devices.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wind turbine blade health state monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof.
  • a wind turbine blade health monitoring device is installed on the wind turbine tower at a position opposite to the wind turbine blade, and includes a housing, and an image acquisition device and sound are installed on the housing facing the position of the blade.
  • the acquisition device, a central processing unit, a memory, a communication unit, a GPS and a power supply are installed in the housing, wherein the central processing unit is respectively electrically connected to the above-mentioned image acquisition device and sound acquisition device and controls its operation, and is electrically connected to the memory and performs data reading Write, electrically connect with the communication unit to communicate with the outside world, electrically connect with the GPS to obtain the position, and the power supply provides power to the detection device.
  • the housing of the monitoring device is installed on the tower of the wind turbine through a magnetic ring.
  • the image acquisition device includes but is not limited to a camera; the sound acquisition device includes but is not limited to a microphone.
  • a data interface electrically connected to the memory is provided on the housing.
  • the communication unit can communicate with terminals in the wind farm through wireless communication methods such as WiFi, or communicate with remote terminals through mobile communication methods, and can also connect to cloud storage.
  • the mobile communication methods include but Not limited to 4G, 5G and eLTE.
  • the power source is a rechargeable battery.
  • a solar panel is installed on the housing where the image acquisition device and the sound acquisition device are not blocked, and the solar panel is electrically connected to the charging unit in the housing, and the charging unit is electrically connected to the rechargeable battery; in addition, the housing is also installed The charging interface is electrically connected with the charging unit in the housing, and the charging unit is electrically connected with the rechargeable battery.
  • the casing is an IP45 grade waterproof and dustproof casing.
  • the implementation architecture of the monitoring device includes, but is not limited to, smart phones, tablet computers, or smart sensors with ARM chips and solar cells.
  • the above smart sensors must comply with the IEEE 1451x interface standard series. .
  • a method for monitoring the health status of wind turbine blades, using the above-mentioned device, is improved in that it includes the following steps:
  • the sound acquisition device detects the sound signal emitted when the wind turbine blades rotate, and sends it to the central processing unit;
  • the central processor extracts a characteristic signal that can reflect the health of the blade based on the sound signal, and compares the value of the characteristic signal with the characteristic signal threshold preset in the memory;
  • the central processing unit diagnoses and analyzes whether the wind turbine blade is damaged or the distance between the tip of the wind turbine blade and the tower is shorter than the set value according to the characteristic signal. At the same time, the central processing unit communicates The unit sends an alarm signal to the outside world and the blade image signal obtained by the image acquisition device. If the distance between the tip of the wind turbine blade and the tower barrel is shorter than the set value, it will stop immediately and take a photo for evidence; if the value of the characteristic signal is not If the threshold is exceeded, it indicates that the wind turbine blades are normal, and go to step (1) to continue monitoring.
  • the wind turbine blade health monitoring device disclosed in the present invention can be easily implemented based on existing computing platforms such as smart phones; it is installed on the wind turbine tower through a magnetic ring, which is easy to install and move; the camera and microphone used can be very easily complete the collection of image and sound signals; based on WiFi networking, the upper computer in a wind farm can monitor the health of the blades of each typhoon motor in the entire wind farm, and 5G, 4G, and other mobile communication methods can be used.
  • a remote terminal remotely monitors the health status of the blades of each typhoon motor in multiple wind farms, and can also be connected to cloud storage; the rechargeable battery is charged by the built-in solar panel, which can significantly extend the life of the monitoring device and reduce
  • the workload of wind farm personnel is wireless and passive.
  • the shell is IP45 grade waterproof and dustproof shell, rainproof and cold-proof.
  • the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the monitoring device can be obtained through GPS to locate it.
  • the monitoring device has the functions of monitoring and monitoring, fault diagnosis analysis and safety early warning, and can be used as a smart eye and smart ear for the wind farm.
  • the monitoring method disclosed in the present invention can judge whether there is physical damage based on the sound of the wind turbine blade when it is running, and the judgment is accurate; the image signal of the blade is transmitted at the same time when an alarm is issued, which is convenient for remotely and intuitively checking the blade state and avoids false alarms.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the composition of the monitoring device disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the monitoring device disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention on the wind turbine tower;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of the monitoring method disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 as shown in Figures 1-2, this embodiment discloses a wind turbine blade health monitoring device.
  • the monitoring device is installed on the wind turbine tower at a position opposite to the wind turbine blades, and can be installed on the wind turbine.
  • the hub can also be installed on the wind turbine tower at a position opposite to the blade tip of the wind turbine, or even away from the wind turbine, as long as the sound and image information from the wind turbine blade can be obtained.
  • It includes a housing 1.
  • the image acquisition device 2 and the sound acquisition device 3 are installed on the housing facing the blade position, and the central processing unit 4, the memory 5, the communication unit 6 and the power supply 7 are installed in the housing.
  • the acquisition device and the sound acquisition device are electrically connected to control their work, are electrically connected to the memory and perform data reading and writing, are electrically connected to the communication unit to communicate with the outside world, and the power supply supplies power to the monitoring device.
  • the housing of the monitoring device is installed on the tower of the wind turbine through a magnetic ring.
  • the image acquisition device includes but is not limited to a camera; the sound acquisition device includes but is not limited to a microphone.
  • a data interface electrically connected to the memory is provided on the shell.
  • the communication unit can communicate with terminals in the wind farm through wireless communication methods such as WiFi, and can also communicate with remote terminals through mobile communication methods, and can also connect to cloud storage.
  • the mobile communication methods include but are not limited to 4G , 5G and eLTE.
  • the power source is a rechargeable battery. Install a solar panel on the housing where it does not block the image acquisition device and the sound acquisition device.
  • the solar panel is electrically connected to the charging unit in the housing, and the charging unit is electrically connected to the rechargeable battery; in addition, a charging interface is installed on the housing, The charging interface is electrically connected with the charging unit in the housing, and the charging unit is electrically connected with the rechargeable battery.
  • the shell is IP45 grade waterproof and dustproof shell.
  • the implementation architecture of the monitoring device includes, but is not limited to, smart phones, tablet computers, or smart sensors with ARM chips and solar cells. The above-mentioned smart sensors must comply with the IEEE 1451x interface standard series.
  • this embodiment also discloses a method for monitoring the health status of wind turbine blades. Using the above-mentioned device, the method includes the following steps:
  • the sound acquisition device detects the sound signal emitted when the wind turbine blades rotate, and sends it to the central processing unit;
  • the central processor extracts a characteristic signal that can reflect the health of the blade based on the sound signal, and compares the value of the characteristic signal with the characteristic signal threshold preset in the memory;
  • the central processing unit diagnoses and analyzes whether the wind turbine blade is damaged or the distance between the tip of the wind turbine blade and the tower is shorter than the set value according to the characteristic signal. At the same time, the central processing unit communicates The unit sends an alarm signal to the outside world and the blade image signal obtained by the image acquisition device. If the distance between the tip of the wind turbine blade and the tower barrel is shorter than the set value, it will stop immediately and take a photo for evidence; if the value of the characteristic signal is not If the threshold is exceeded, it indicates that the wind turbine blades are normal, and go to step (1) to continue monitoring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置及监测方法，该监测装置安装在风电机塔筒上与风电机叶片相对的位置，包括外壳（1），在外壳上面向叶片的位置安装图像获取装置（2）和声音获取装置（3），在外壳内安装中央处理器（4）、存储器（5）、通信单元（6）、GPS和电源（7），其中中央处理器分别与图像获取装置和声音获取装置电连接并控制其工作，与存储器电连接并进行数据读写，与通信单元电连接以便与外界通信，与GPS电连接以获取位置，电源为探测装置供电。风电机叶片健康状态监测装置基于现有的智能手机等运算平台轻松实现；通过过磁力圈安装在风电机塔筒上，易于安装和移动；使用的摄像头和麦克风可以非常轻易的完成图像和声音信号的采集。

Description

一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置及其监测方法 技术领域
本发明属于风力发电机领域，特别涉及该领域中的一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置及其监测方法。
背景技术
风能作为一种清洁的可再生能源，在过去的十几年中由于能源、环境、气候问题得到了迅速的发展。显然，风能的清洁性、可再生性及其大规模应用技术的日益成熟，使风力发电日益成为新能源领域中除核能外，技术最成熟、最具开发条件和最有发展前景的发电方式。一个典型的风力机组由转子、轮毂、叶片、齿轮箱和动力传动系统、发电机、功率调节装置、软件的控制和监测装置组成。虽然理论上风力机组的最大效率是59％，但现代大型风力机由于采用了更先进的符合空气动力学原理的叶片，基于现代控制理论并使用更强大的电力系统组件，使得风力机组的性能一直在稳步提升。
大型化是风力机发展的必然趋势，如5兆瓦水平轴三叶片风力机，叶轮的单个叶片弦长可以达到70米，而叶片工作的环境非常恶劣，容易因冰挂和雷击而受到物理损伤，如果小的损伤和裂纹不能及时被发现和修复，将会迅速发展使叶片断裂和报废。
实用新型内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题就是提供一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置及其监测方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其改进之处在于：该监测装置安装在风电机塔筒上与风电机叶片相对的位置，包括外壳，在外壳上面向叶片的位置安装图像获取装置和声音获取装置，在外壳内安装中央处理器、存储器、通信单元、GPS和电源，其中中央处理器分别与上述的图像获取装置和声音获取装 置电连接并控制其工作，与存储器电连接并进行数据读写，与通信单元电连接以便与外界通信，与GPS电连接以获取位置，电源为探测装置供电。
进一步的，监测装置的外壳通过磁力圈安装在风电机塔筒上。
进一步的，所述的图像获取装置包括但不限于摄像头；所述的声音获取装置包括但不限于麦克风。
进一步的，在外壳上设置与存储器电连接的数据接口。
进一步的，所述的通信单元既可以通过WiFi等无线通讯方式与风场内的终端通信，也可以通过移动通信方式与远程终端通信，还可以接云端云存储，所述的移动通信方式包括但不限于4G、5G和eLTE。
进一步的，所述的电源为充电电池。
进一步的，在外壳上不遮挡图像获取装置和声音获取装置的位置安装太阳能电池板，该太阳能电池板与外壳内的充电单元电连接，充电单元则与充电电池电连接；此外还在外壳上安装充电接口，该充电接口与外壳内的充电单元电连接，充电单元则与充电电池电连接。
进一步的，所述的外壳为IP45级防水防尘外壳。
进一步的，监测装置的实现架构包括但不限于智能手机、平板电脑或者带ARM芯片的智能传感器及太阳能电池，上述的智能传感器要符合IEEE 1451x界面标准系列。。
一种风电机叶片健康状态监测方法，使用上述的装置，其改进之处在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)声音获取装置探测风电机叶片转动时发出的声音信号，并发送给中央处理器；
(2)中央处理器基于声音信号提取出可反映叶片健康状态的特征信号，并将该特征信号的数值与预置在存储器中的特征信号阈值相比较；
(3)如果特征信号的数值超过阈值，中央处理器根据特征信号诊断分析是风电机叶片损坏，还是风电机叶片的叶尖与塔筒间的距离比设定值短，同时中央处理器通过通信单元向外界发送报警信号及图像获取装置所获取的叶片图像信号，如果风电机叶片的叶尖与塔筒间的距离比设定值短，则立即停机并拍照存证；如果特征信号的数值没有超过阈值，说明风电机叶片正常，转至步 骤(1)继续监测。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明所公开的风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，可以基于现有的智能手机等运算平台轻松实现；通过过磁力圈安装在风电机塔筒上，易于安装和移动；使用的摄像头和麦克风可以非常轻易的完成图像和声音信号的采集；基于WiFi方式组网可以由一个风场内的上位机对整个风场内各台风电机的叶片健康状态进行监测，而通过5G、4G等等移动通信方式可以由一个远程终端远程对多个风场内各台风电机的叶片健康状态进行监测，此外还可以接云端云存储；充电电池由自带的太阳能电池板充电，可以显著延长监测装置的续航时间，减少风场人员的作业量，实现无线无源。外壳为IP45级防水防尘外壳，防雨防寒。通过GPS可以获取监测装置的经度、纬度和高度，以便对其进行定位。监测装置具有监控监测、故障诊断分析和安全预警功能，可以作为风场的智能眼，智能耳使用。
本发明所公开的监测方法，基于风电机叶片运转时的声音就可以判断其是否有物理损伤，判断准确；在报警时同时传递叶片的图像信号，便于远程直观的查看叶片状态，避免误报警。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1所公开监测装置的组成框图；
图2是本发明实施例1所公开监测装置在风电机塔筒上的安装位置示意图；
图3是本发明实施例1所公开监测方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
风电机在运行过程中，其叶片可能会因为雷击、冰挂等等原因而受到损伤，申请人经过长期的研究发现，叶片受伤后运转时发出的声音比起叶片健康时会 有不同，因此考虑通过声音为媒介来探测叶片当前的状态。
实施例1，如图1-2所示，本实施例公开了一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，该监测装置安装在风电机塔筒上与风电机叶片相对的位置，既可以安装在风机轮毂上，也可以安装在风机塔筒上与风力机叶片叶尖相对相的位置，甚至可以离开风机，只要能够获取来自风力机叶片的声音和图像信息即可。包括外壳1，在外壳上面向叶片的位置安装图像获取装置2和声音获取装置3，在外壳内安装中央处理器4、存储器5、通信单元6和电源7，其中中央处理器分别与上述的图像获取装置和声音获取装置电连接并控制其工作，与存储器电连接并进行数据读写，与通信单元电连接以便与外界通信，电源为监测装置供电。
监测装置的外壳通过磁力圈安装在风电机塔筒上。所述的图像获取装置包括但不限于摄像头；所述的声音获取装置包括但不限于麦克风。在外壳上设置与存储器电连接的数据接口。所述的通信单元既可以通过WiFi等无线通讯方式与风场内的终端通信，也可以通过移动通信方式与远程终端通信，还可以接云端云存储，所述的移动通信方式包括但不限于4G、5G和eLTE。所述的电源为充电电池。在外壳上不遮挡图像获取装置和声音获取装置的位置安装太阳能电池板，该太阳能电池板与外壳内的充电单元电连接，充电单元则与充电电池电连接；此外还在外壳上安装充电接口，该充电接口与外壳内的充电单元电连接，充电单元则与充电电池电连接。所述的外壳为IP45级防水防尘外壳。监测装置的实现架构包括但不限于智能手机、平板电脑或者带ARM芯片的智能传感器及太阳能电池，上述的智能传感器要符合IEEE 1451x界面标准系列。
如图3所示，本实施例还公开了一种风电机叶片健康状态监测方法，使用上述的装置，包括如下步骤：
(1)声音获取装置探测风电机叶片转动时发出的声音信号，并发送给中央处理器；
(2)中央处理器基于声音信号提取出可反映叶片健康状态的特征信号，并将该特征信号的数值与预置在存储器中的特征信号阈值相比较；
(3)如果特征信号的数值超过阈值，中央处理器根据特征信号诊断分析是风电机叶片损坏，还是风电机叶片的叶尖与塔筒间的距离比设定值短，同时 中央处理器通过通信单元向外界发送报警信号及图像获取装置所获取的叶片图像信号，如果风电机叶片的叶尖与塔筒间的距离比设定值短，则立即停机并拍照存证；如果特征信号的数值没有超过阈值，说明风电机叶片正常，转至步骤(1)继续监测。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：该监测装置安装在风电机塔筒上与风电机叶片相对的位置，包括外壳，在外壳上面向叶片的位置安装图像获取装置和声音获取装置，在外壳内安装中央处理器、存储器、通信单元、GPS和电源，其中中央处理器分别与上述的图像获取装置和声音获取装置电连接并控制其工作，与存储器电连接并进行数据读写，与通信单元电连接以便与外界通信，与GPS电连接以获取位置，电源为探测装置供电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：监测装置的外壳通过磁力圈安装在风电机塔筒上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：所述的图像获取装置包括但不限于摄像头；所述的声音获取装置包括但不限于麦克风。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：在外壳上设置与存储器电连接的数据接口。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：所述的通信单元既可以通过WiFi方式与风场内的终端通信，也可以通过移动通信方式与远程终端通信，还可以接云端云存储，所述的移动通信方式包括但不限于4G、5G和eLTE。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：所述的电源为充电电池。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：在外壳上不遮挡图像获取装置和声音获取装置的位置安装太阳能电池板，该太阳能电池板与外壳内的充电单元电连接，充电单元则与充电电池电连接；此外还在外壳上安装充电接口，该充电接口与外壳内的充电单元电连接，充电单元则与充电电池电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：所述的外壳为IP45级防水防尘外壳。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述风电机叶片健康状态监测装置，其特征在于：监 测装置的实现架构包括但不限于智能手机、平板电脑或者带ARM芯片的智能传感器及太阳能电池，上述的智能传感器要符合IEEE 1451x界面标准系列。
  10. 一种风电机叶片健康状态监测方法，使用权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)声音获取装置探测风电机叶片转动时发出的声音信号，并发送给中央处理器；
    (2)中央处理器基于声音信号提取出可反映叶片健康状态的特征信号，并将该特征信号的数值与预置在存储器中的特征信号阈值相比较；
    (3)如果特征信号的数值超过阈值，中央处理器根据特征信号诊断分析是风电机叶片损坏，还是风电机叶片的叶尖与塔筒间的距离比设定值短，同时中央处理器通过通信单元向外界发送报警信号及图像获取装置所获取的叶片图像信号，如果风电机叶片的叶尖与塔筒间的距离比设定值短，则立即停机并拍照存证；如果特征信号的数值没有超过阈值，说明风电机叶片正常，转至步骤(1)继续监测测。
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