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• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
  • C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
  • C01B39/46—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition
  • C01B39/48—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
  • B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
  • B01J29/047—Germanosilicates; Aluminogermanosilicates
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
  • B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
  • B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
  • B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J35/70—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their crystalline properties, e.g. semi-crystalline
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
  • C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
  • C01B39/06—Preparation of isomorphous zeolites characterised by measures to replace the aluminium or silicon atoms in the lattice framework by atoms of other elements, i.e. by direct or secondary synthesis
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2235/00—Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
  • B01J2235/15—X-ray diffraction
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2235/00—Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
  • B01J2235/30—Scanning electron microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
  • C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
  • C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
  • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
  • C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM

Definitions

• This disclosure relates to a novel synthetic crystalline molecular sieve designated SSZ-117, its synthesis, and its use in organic compound conversion reactions and sorption processes.
• Molecular sieves are a commercially important class of materials that have distinct crystal structures with defined pore structures that are shown by distinct X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and have specific chemical compositions.
• the crystal structure defines cavities and pores that are characteristic of the specific type of molecular sieve.
• a new crystalline molecular sieve designated SSZ-117 and having a unique powder X-ray diffraction pattern, has been synthesized using N, N,N, 3, 5-pentamethyladamantan-1 -ammonium cations as a structure directing agent.
• a molecular sieve having, in its as- synthesized form, a powder X-ray diffraction pattern including at least the peaks in Table 3 below.
• the molecular sieve in its as-synthesized and anhydrous form, can have a chemical composition comprising the following molar relationship: wherein T is a tetravalent element comprising silicon and germanium; and Q comprises /V,/V,/V,3,5-pentamethyladamantan-1-ammonium cations.
• a molecular sieve having, in its calcined form, a powder X-ray diffraction pattern including at least the peaks in Table 4 below.
• the molecular sieve in its calcined form, can have a chemical composition comprising the following molar relationship:
• a method of synthesizing the molecular sieve described herein comprising (a) providing a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a FAU framework type zeolite; (2) a source of germanium; (3) a structure directing agent comprising /V,/V,/V,3,5-pentamethyladamantan-1- ammonium cations (Q); (4) a source of fluoride ions; and (5) water; and (b) subjecting the reaction mixture to crystallization conditions sufficient to form crystals of the molecular sieve.
• a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a FAU framework type zeolite; (2) a source of germanium; (3) a structure directing agent comprising /V,/V,/V,3,5-pentamethyladamantan-1- ammonium cations (Q); (4) a source of fluoride ions; and (5) water; and (b) subjecting the reaction mixture to crystallization conditions sufficient to form crystals of the molecular sieve.
• a process of converting a feedstock comprising an organic compound to a conversion product which comprises contacting the feedstock at organic compound conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising the molecular sieve described herein.
• FIG. 1 shows a Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) image of the as- synthesized product of Example 8.
• framework type has the meaning described in the “Atios of Zeoiite Framework Types,” by Ch. Baerlocher and L.B. McCusker and D.H. Olsen (Elsevier, Sixth Revised Edition, 2007).
• zeolite refers to a synthetic aluminosilicate molecular sieve having a framework constructed of alumina and silica (i.e., repeating S1O4 and AIO4 tetrahedral units).
• aluminogermanosilicate refers to a crystalline microporous solid including aluminum, germanium and silicon oxides within its framework structure.
• the aluminogermanosilicate may be a "pure-aluminogermanosilicate" (i.e., absent other detectable metal oxides with its framework structure) or optionally substituted.
• the respective framework may contain other atoms (e.g., B, Ga, In, Fe, Ti, Zr) substituted for one or more of the atoms not already present in the parent framework.
• the term "as-synthesized” is employed herein to refer to a molecular sieve in its form after crystallization, prior to removal of the structure directing agent.
• anhydrous is employed herein to refer to a molecular sieve substantially devoid of both physically adsorbed and chemically adsorbed water.
• Molecular sieve SSZ-117 can be synthesized by: (a) providing a reaction mixture comprising (1) a FAU framework type zeolite; (2) a source of germanium; (3) a structure directing agent comprising A/,/V,/V,3,5-pentamethyladamantan-1- ammonium cations (Q); (4) a source of fluoride ions; and (5) water; and (b) subjecting the reaction mixture to crystallization conditions sufficient to form crystals of the molecular sieve.
• the reaction mixture can have a composition, in terms of molar ratios, within the ranges set forth in Table 1 :
• T is a tetravalent element comprising silicon and germanium; and Q comprises /V,/V,/V,3,5-pentamethyladamantan-1-ammonium cations.
• the FAU framework type zeolite can be the only silica and aluminum source.
• the FAU framework type zeolite can be zeolite Y.
• the FAU framework type zeolite can comprise two or more zeolites.
• the two or more zeolites can be Y zeolites having different silica-to-alumina molar ratios.
• Suitable sources of germanium include germanium dioxide and germanium alkoxides (e.g., tetraethoxygermanium, tetraisopropoxygermanium).
• the reaction mixture may have a molar ratio of Si0 2 /Ge0 2 in a range of from 4 to 12 (e.g., 6 to 10).
• Suitable sources of fluoride ions include hydrogen fluoride, ammonium fluoride, and ammonium bifluoride.
• SSZ-117 is synthesized using a structure directing agent comprising N, N,N, 3, 5-pentamethyladamantan-1 -ammonium cations (Q), represented by the following structure (1):
• Suitable sources of Q are the hydroxides and/or other salts of the quaternary ammonium compound.
• the reaction mixture may have a molar ratio of Q/F in a range of from 0.80 to 1.20 (e.g., 0.85 to 1.15, 0.90 to 1.10, 0.95 to 1.05, or 1 to 1).
• the reaction mixture may contain seeds of a molecular sieve material, such as SSZ-117 from a previous synthesis, in an amount of from 0.01 to 10,000 ppm by weight (e.g., 100 to 5000 ppm by weight) of the reaction mixture. Seeding can be advantageous in decreasing the amount of time necessary for complete crystallization to occur. In addition, seeding can lead to an increased purity of the product obtained by promoting the nucleation and/or formation of SSZ-117 over any undesired phases.
• a molecular sieve material such as SSZ-117 from a previous synthesis
• reaction mixture components can be supplied by more than one source. Also, two or more reaction components can be provided by one source.
• the reaction mixture can be prepared either batchwise or continuously.
• Crystallization of the molecular sieve from the above reaction mixture can be carried out under either static, tumbled or stirred conditions in a suitable reactor vessel (e.g., a polypropylene jar or a Teflon-lined or stainless-steel autoclave) placed in a convection oven at a temperature of from 125°C to 200°C for a time sufficient for crystallization to occur at the temperature used (e.g., from about 1 day to 14 days).
• the hydrothermal crystallization process is typically conducted under pressure, such as in an autoclave, and is preferably under autogenous pressure.
• the solid product is separated from the reaction mixture by standard separation techniques such as centrifugation or filtration.
• the recovered crystals are water-washed and then dried, for several seconds to a few minutes (e.g., 5 seconds to 10 minutes for flash drying) or several hours (e.g., about 4 to 24 hours for oven drying at 75°C to 150°C), to obtain as-synthesized molecular sieve crystals.
• the drying step can be performed at atmospheric pressure or under vacuum.
• the recovered crystalline molecular sieve product contains within its pore structure at least a portion of the structure directing agent used in the synthesis.
• the as-synthesized molecular sieve may be subjected to treatment to remove part or all of the structure directing agent used in its synthesis.
• This is conveniently effected by thermal treatment (e.g., calcination) in which the as- synthesized molecular sieve is heated at a temperature sufficient to remove part or all of the structure directing agent.
• the thermal treatment may be carried out in any manner conventionally known in the art. Suitable conditions include heating at a temperature of at least 300° C (e.g., at least about 370°C) for at least 1 minute and generally not longer than 20 hours, for example, for a period of from 1 hour to 12 hours.
• the thermal treatment can be performed at a temperature up to about 925°C.
• the thermal treatment can be conducted at a temperature of from 400°C to 600°C in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas.
• Any extra-framework cations in the molecular sieve can be replaced in accordance with techniques well known in the art (e.g., by ion exchange) with hydrogen, ammonium, or any desired metal cation.
• molecular sieve SSZ-117 can have a chemical composition comprising the following molar relationship set forth in Table 2:
• T is a tetravalent element comprising silicon and germanium; and Q comprises N, N,N, 3, 5-pentamethyladamantan-1 -ammonium cations.
• the molecular sieve can have a SiCVGeC ⁇ molar ratio in a range of 4 to 12 (e.g., 6 to 10).
• molecular sieve SSZ-117 can have a chemical composition comprising the following molar relationship:
• AI2O3 (n)T0 2 wherein n is >30 (e.g., 30 to 500, >50, 50 to 250, or 50 to 150); and T is a tetravalent element comprising silicon and germanium.
• Molecular sieve SSZ-117 is characterized by a powder XRD pattern, which, in the as-synthesized form of the molecular sieve, includes at least the peaks set forth in Table 3, and which, in the calcined form of the molecular sieve, includes at least the peaks set forth in Table 4.
• the powder X-ray diffraction patterns presented herein were collected by standard techniques.
• the radiation was CuKcc radiation.
• the interplanar spacings, cZ-spacings, were calculated in Angstrom units, and the relative intensities of the lines, l/lo, represents the ratio of the peak intensity to the intensity of the strongest line, above background.
• the intensities are uncorrected for Lorentz and polarization effects.
• the relative intensities are given in terms of the following notations: w (weak) is ⁇ 20; m (medium) is > 20 to ⁇ 40; s (strong) is >40 to ⁇ 60; and vs (very strong) is >60.
• Minor variations in the diffraction pattern can result from variations in the mole ratios of the framework species of the sample due to changes in lattice constants.
• disordered materials and/or sufficiently small crystals will affect the shape and intensity of peaks, leading to significant peak broadening.
• Minor variations in the diffraction pattern can also result from variations in the organic compound used in the preparation. Calcination can also cause minor shifts in the XRD pattern. Notwithstanding these minor perturbations, the basic crystal lattice structure remains unchanged.
• Molecular sieve SSZ-117 (where part or all of the structure directing agent is removed) may be used as a sorbent or as a catalyst to catalyze a wide variety of organic compound conversion processes including many of present commercial/industrial importance.
• Examples of organic conversion processes which may be catalyzed by SSZ-117 include cracking, hydrocracking, disproportionation, alkylation, oligomerization, aromatization, and isomerization.
• SSZ-117 As in the case of many catalysts, it may be desirable to incorporate SSZ-117 with another material resistant to the temperatures and other conditions employed in organic conversion processes.
• materials include active and inactive materials and synthetic or naturally occurring zeolites as well as inorganic materials such as clays, silica and/or metal oxides such as alumina. The latter may be either naturally occurring, or in the form of gelatinous precipitates or gels, including mixtures of silica and metal oxides.
• Use of a material in conjunction with SSZ-117 i.e., combined therewith or present during synthesis of the new material which is active, tends to change the conversion and/or selectivity of the catalyst in certain organic conversion processes.
• Inactive materials suitably serve as diluents to control the amount of conversion in a given process so that products can be obtained in an economic and orderly manner without employing other means for controlling the rate of reaction.
• These materials may be incorporated into naturally occurring clays (e.g., bentonite and kaolin) to improve the crush strength of the catalyst under commercial operating conditions.
• These materials i.e., clays, oxides, etc.
• These clay and/or oxide binders have been employed normally only for the purpose of improving the crush strength of the catalyst.
• Naturally occurring clays which can be composited with SSZ-117 include the montmorillonite and kaolin family, which families include the sub bentonites, and the kaolins commonly known as Dixie, McNamee, Georgia and Florida clays or others in which the main mineral constituent is halloysite, kaolinite, dickite, nacrite, or anauxite. Such clays can be used in the raw state as originally mined or initially subjected to calcination, acid treatment or chemical modification. Binders useful for compositing with SSZ-117 also include inorganic oxides, such as silica, zirconia, titania, magnesia, beryllia, alumina, and mixtures thereof.
• SSZ-117 can be composited with a porous matrix material such as silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, silica-zirconia, silica- thoria, silica-beryllia, silica-titania as well as ternary compositions such as silica- alumina-thoria, silica-alumina-zirconia silica-alumina-magnesia and silica-magnesia- zirconia.
• a porous matrix material such as silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, silica-zirconia, silica- thoria, silica-beryllia, silica-titania as well as ternary compositions such as silica- alumina-thoria, silica-alumina-zirconia silica-alumina-magnesia and silica-magnesia- zirconia.
• the relative proportions of SSZ-117 and inorganic oxide matrix may vary widely, with the SSZ-117 content ranging from 1 to 90 wt.% (e.g., 2 to 80 wt. %) of the composite.
• Powder XRD showed the product to be a pure form of a new phase, designated SSZ-117.
• Powder XRD of the calcined material indicated that the material remains stable after calcination to remove the structure directing agent.
• Micropore characterization of SSZ-117 was evaluated spectrophotometrically by uptake of the chromophore diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD), according to the method described by L-T. Yuen et a ⁇ . ( Micropor . Mater. 1997, 12, 229-249). Molecular sieves were used in their hydrogen form.
• DIAD chromophore diisopropyl azodicarboxylate
• Table 5 summarizes the uptake of DIAD in SSZ-117 and several other molecular sieves of known structure.
• TJ. Gricus Kofke et al. J. Catal. 1988, 114, 34-45
• TJ. Gricus Kofke et ai J. Catai 1989, 115, 265-272
• J.G. Tittensor et ai J. Catai 1992, 138, 714-720.
• a sample was pre-treated at 400°C-500°C for 1 hour in flowing dry h .
• the dehydrated sample was then cooled down to 120°C in flowing dry helium and held at 120°C for 30 minutes in a flowing helium saturated with n-propylamine for adsorption.
• the n-propylamine-saturated sample was then heated up to 500°C at a rate of 10°C/minute in flowing dry helium.
• the Bransted acidity was calculated based on the weight loss vs. temperature by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and effluent Nhb and propene by mass spectrometry.
• the sample had a Bransted acidity of 77.72 pmol/g, indicating that aluminum sites are incorporated into the framework of the molecular sieve.
• the powder XRD pattern of the product showed the product to be SSZ-117.
• FIG. 1 A SEM image of the product is shown in FIG. 1 indicating a uniform field of crystals.
• the product had a Bronsted acidity of about 200 mhhoI/g.
• Elemental analysis showed that the product had a silicon content of 30 wt. %, a germanium content of 10.1 wt. %, an aluminum content of 1.12 wt. %, a Si0 2 /Ge0 2 molar ratio of 7.5, and a (S1O2 + Ge02)/Al203 molar ratio of 59.

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