WO2021143226A1

WO2021143226A1 - Horizontal water bath shift converter

Info

Publication number: WO2021143226A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/121207
Authority: WO
Inventors: 樊强; 陶继业; 刘沅; 罗丽珍; 李小宇; 任永强; 许世森
Original assignee: 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
Priority date: 2020-01-17
Filing date: 2020-10-15
Publication date: 2021-07-22
Also published as: CN111071988A; CN111071988B

Abstract

Disclosed is a horizontal water bath shift converter. The interior of a shift converter shell (1) is divided into a synthesis gas space (I), a shift gas space (II) and a water bath space (III) by means of a sealing ring (3) and a pass partition plate (5), and a plurality of U-shaped reaction tubes (2) are arranged in the water bath space (III), wherein the U-shaped reaction tubes (2) are filled with a shift catalyst, inlets of the U-shaped reaction tubes (2) are in communication with the synthesis gas space (I), and outlets of the U-shaped reaction tubes (2) are in communication with the shift gas space (II); a steam outlet (9) and a shift gas outlet (7) are provided in the top of the shift converter shell (1); a synthesis gas inlet (8), a boiler water inlet (10) and a drain outlet (11) are provided in the bottom of the shift converter shell (1); the shift gas outlet (7) is in communication with the shift gas space (II); the synthesis gas inlet (8) is in communication with the synthesis gas space (I); and the drain outlet (11), the boiler water inlet (10) and the steam outlet (9) are in communication with the water bath space (III). According to the shift converter, the problem of temperature runaway of a catalyst bed layer can be effectively solved, a water vapor system is simple, and the technological process is short.

Description

A horizontal water bath conversion furnace

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy and chemical industry, and relates to a horizontal water bath shift furnace.

Background technique

The shift reaction is a process in which carbon monoxide and water generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen under the action of a shift catalyst. This reaction is an indispensable process for the preparation of methanol, hydrogen production, carbon capture and other processes. It is important in chemical production. The role of.

The shift reaction is an exothermic reaction. The disadvantage of the traditional adiabatic shift furnace is that it cannot remove the heat of reaction in time and is limited by the maximum use temperature of the shift catalyst. Therefore, the shift process is usually divided into multiple stages (2 to 4 stages), resulting in a shift process. The process is long and the equipment investment is high. In the actual production process, the catalyst bed temperature flying phenomenon often occurs due to improper operation, which will cause irreversible damage to the shift catalyst. The isothermal shift furnace can remove the reaction heat in time, and only need to set up a period of isothermal shift to achieve the purpose of full conversion. However, the existing isothermal shift furnaces are equipped with steam drums and water vapor system accessories outside, although the conversion process is shortened , But the water vapor system is complicated.

Therefore, it is a very meaningful task to develop a conversion furnace that can shorten the conversion process and simplify the water-steam system process.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a horizontal water bath shift furnace, which can effectively solve the problem of catalyst bed temperature flying, and has a simple water vapor system and a short process flow.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the horizontal water bath shift furnace of the present invention includes a shift furnace shell. The inside of the shift furnace shell is divided into a synthesis gas space, a shift gas space and a water bath space through a sealing ring and a splitter partition. The water bath space is arranged There are several U-shaped reaction tubes, among them, the U-shaped reaction tube is filled with shift catalyst, the inlet of each U-shaped reaction tube is connected with the synthesis gas space, the outlet of each U-shaped reaction tube is connected with the shift gas space, and the shift furnace shell The top of the converter is provided with a steam outlet and a shift gas outlet. The bottom of the shift furnace shell is provided with a synthesis gas inlet, a boiler water inlet and a sewage outlet. The shift gas outlet is connected to the shift gas space, and the synthesis gas inlet is connected to the synthesis gas space. The sewage outlet, the boiler water inlet and the steam outlet are connected with the water bath space III.

It also includes a fixing ring for fixing to each U-shaped reaction tube, wherein the bottom of the fixing ring is in contact with the bottom of the conversion furnace shell.

A safety relief port is provided on the top of the conversion furnace shell.

The side wall of the water bath space is provided with a level gauge port for detecting the liquid level in the water bath space.

The top of the conversion furnace shell is provided with a tube section, wherein the lower end of the tube section is connected with the water bath space, the top of the tube section is connected with the steam outlet, and a demister is arranged in the tube section.

The top of the conversion furnace shell is provided with a pressure measuring port, wherein the pressure measuring port is communicated with the water bath space.

The cross-section of the conversion furnace shell is circular, and the cross-sectional size of one side of the conversion furnace shell is smaller than the cross-sectional size of the other side. The water bath space is located on the side of the conversion furnace shell with the larger cross-sectional size. The synthesis gas space and the shift gas space are located on the side of the shift furnace shell with the smaller cross-sectional dimension.

The cross-sectional diameter of each U-shaped reaction tube is greater than or equal to 50 mm, the U-shaped reaction tubes are equally spaced, and the distance between adjacent U-shaped reaction tubes is greater than or equal to 30 mm.

The lowest point of the level gauge port is 20mm higher than the highest point of the U-shaped reaction tube.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

During the specific operation of the horizontal water bath shift furnace of the present invention, each U-shaped reaction tube is placed in the water bath, and the heat released during the shift reaction of the synthesis gas is taken away through the water bath to promote the shift reaction in the positive direction Move to make the shift reaction more complete, and by-product steam at the same time, which not only fundamentally solves the problem of catalyst bed temperature flying, but also simplifies the traditional multi-stage shift process and the complicated water vapor system process. The structure is simple, the process is short, and the operation is simple. .

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a left side view of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Among them, 1 is the shift furnace shell, 2 is the U-shaped reaction tube, 3 is the sealing ring, 4 is the fixed ring, 5 is the splitter plate, 6 is the demister, 7 is the shift gas outlet, and 8 is the synthesis gas inlet , 9 is the steam outlet, 10 is the boiler water inlet, 11 is the sewage outlet, 12 is the safety discharge port, 13 is the pressure measurement port, 14 is the end flange, 15 is the level gauge port, 16 is the cylinder section, I is Syngas space, Ⅱ is the shift gas space, and Ⅲ is the water bath space.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the horizontal water bath shift furnace of the present invention includes a shift furnace shell 1. The inside of the shift furnace shell 1 is divided into a synthesis gas space I and a shift gas space by a sealing ring 3 and a dividing partition 5 Ⅱ and water bath space Ⅲ. Several U-shaped reaction tubes 2 are arranged in the water bath space Ⅲ. The U-shaped reaction tubes 2 are filled with shift catalysts. The inlets of the U-shaped reaction tubes 2 are connected to the synthesis gas space I. Each U-shaped reaction tube 2 is connected to the synthesis gas space I. The outlet of the type reaction tube 2 is connected to the shift gas space II. The top of the shift furnace shell 1 is provided with a steam outlet 9 and a shift gas outlet 7, and the bottom of the shift furnace shell 1 is provided with a synthesis gas inlet 8 and a boiler water inlet 10 And the sewage outlet 11, the shift gas outlet 7 communicates with the shift gas space II, the synthesis gas inlet 8 communicates with the synthesis gas space I, the sewage outlet 11, the boiler water inlet 10 and the steam outlet 9 communicate with the water bath space III, and the sealing ring 3 is connected to the inner wall of the conversion furnace shell 1 in a sealed and detachable manner.

The present invention also includes a fixing ring 4 for fixing to each U-shaped reaction tube 2, wherein the bottom of the fixing ring 4 is in contact with the bottom of the conversion furnace shell 1.

The top of the conversion furnace shell 1 is provided with a safety discharge port 12; the side wall of the water bath space III is provided with a level gauge port 15 for detecting the liquid level in the water bath space III; the top of the conversion furnace shell 1 is provided with a tube section 16. The lower end of the cylinder section 16 is connected to the water bath space III, the top of the cylinder section 16 is connected to the steam outlet 9, and the cylinder section 16 is provided with a demister 6; the top of the conversion furnace shell 1 is provided with a pressure measurement Port 13, wherein the pressure measuring port 13 communicates with the water bath space III.

The conversion furnace shell 1 has a horizontal structure and is used as a pressure vessel to bear internal pressure. The conversion furnace shell 1 is an irregular cylindrical body, and an end flange 14 is provided on the outer wall of the conversion furnace shell 1. The cross-section of the conversion furnace shell 1 is circular, and the cross-sectional size of one side of the conversion furnace shell 1 is smaller than the cross-sectional size of the other side. Among them, the water bath space III is located in the conversion furnace shell 1 with a larger cross-sectional size The syngas space I and the shift gas space II are located on the side of the shift furnace shell 1 with the smaller cross-sectional dimension.

The cross-sectional diameter of each U-shaped reaction tube 2 is greater than or equal to 50mm, and the U-shaped reaction tubes 2 are equally spaced, and the distance between adjacent U-shaped reaction tubes 2 is greater than or equal to 30mm; the lowest point mark of the level gauge port 15 is higher than that of the U-shaped reaction tube. The highest point of the reaction tube 2 has an elevation of 20mm.

The working principle of the present invention is:

The synthesis gas enters the synthesis gas space I through the synthesis gas inlet 8, and then enters the U-shaped reaction tube 2, and undergoes a shift reaction on the catalyst bed in the U-shaped reaction tube 2, and a large amount of heat is released during the reaction. The water bath outside the reaction tube 2 absorbs. When the heat absorbed by the water bath exceeds the enthalpy value under the saturated vapor pressure of the water at this time, steam is generated on the upper surface of the water bath, and the steam is broken through the demister 6 and discharged along the steam outlet 9 , The liquid level is controlled by controlling the flow of the boiler water inlet 10 and the sewage outlet 11 to ensure that the reaction heat is continuously removed, so that the reaction balance moves in the positive direction, which increases the reaction driving force and makes the conversion reaction more complete. The shift gas is discharged from the outlet of the U-shaped reaction tube 2 into the shift gas space, and finally discharged through the shift gas outlet 7.

Claims

A horizontal water bath shift furnace, which is characterized in that it comprises a shift furnace shell (1). The inside of the shift furnace shell (1) is divided into a synthesis gas space (I) by a sealing ring (3) and a splitter partition (5) ), shift gas space (Ⅱ) and water bath space (Ⅲ). A number of U-shaped reaction tubes (2) are installed in the water bath space (Ⅲ). Among them, the U-shaped reaction tubes (2) are filled with shift catalysts, each U-shaped The inlet of the reaction tube (2) is connected with the synthesis gas space (I), the outlet of each U-shaped reaction tube (2) is connected with the shift gas space (II), and the top of the shift furnace shell (1) is provided with a steam outlet (9) and shift gas outlet (7), the bottom of the shift furnace shell (1) is provided with a synthesis gas inlet (8), boiler water inlet (10) and sewage outlet (11), shift gas outlet (7) and shift The gas space (Ⅱ) is connected, the synthesis gas inlet (8) is connected with the synthesis gas space (Ⅰ), the sewage outlet (11), the boiler water inlet (10) and the steam outlet (9) are connected with the water bath space (Ⅲ) .
The horizontal water bath shift furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a fixed ring (4) for fixing to each U-shaped reaction tube (2), wherein the bottom of the fixed ring (4) and the shift furnace The bottom of the shell (1) is in contact.
The horizontal water bath conversion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a safety relief port (12) is provided on the top of the conversion furnace shell (1).
The horizontal water bath conversion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a level gauge port (15) for detecting the liquid level in the water bath space (III) is provided on the side wall of the water bath space (III).
The horizontal water bath shift furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the shift furnace shell (1) is provided with a tube section (16), wherein the lower end of the tube section (16) is in phase with the water bath space (III) Connected, the top of the cylinder section (16) is communicated with the steam outlet (9), and a demister (6) is arranged in the cylinder section (16).
The horizontal water bath shift furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the shift furnace shell (1) is provided with a pressure measuring port (13), wherein the pressure measuring port (13) is connected to the water bath space (III). ) Connected.
The horizontal water bath shift furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the shift furnace shell (1) is circular, and the cross section size of one side of the shift furnace shell (1) is smaller than that of the other side. Cross-sectional dimensions, where the water bath space (Ⅲ) is located on the side of the shift furnace shell (1) with the larger cross-sectional size, and the synthesis gas space (I) and shift gas space (II) are located in the shift furnace shell (1) The side with the smaller cross-sectional size.
The horizontal water bath shift furnace according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional diameter of each U-shaped reaction tube (2) is greater than or equal to 50 mm, and the U-shaped reaction tubes (2) are equally spaced, and adjacent U-shaped reaction tubes (2) The distance between them is greater than or equal to 30mm.
The horizontal water bath conversion furnace according to claim 1, wherein the lowest point of the level gauge port (15) is higher than the highest point of the U-shaped reaction tube (2) by 20 mm.