WO2021139014A1 - 5g 双极化天线模组及终端设备 - Google Patents

5g 双极化天线模组及终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021139014A1
WO2021139014A1 PCT/CN2020/083464 CN2020083464W WO2021139014A1 WO 2021139014 A1 WO2021139014 A1 WO 2021139014A1 CN 2020083464 W CN2020083464 W CN 2020083464W WO 2021139014 A1 WO2021139014 A1 WO 2021139014A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
branch
dual
metal ground
unit
ground
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/083464
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵悦
赵安平
Original Assignee
深圳市信维通信股份有限公司
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Priority to US16/769,428 priority Critical patent/US11303025B2/en
Publication of WO2021139014A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021139014A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • H01Q19/30—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being centre-fed and substantially straight, e.g. Yagi antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, in particular to a 5G dual-polarized antenna module and terminal equipment.
  • the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) is about to enter commercial use.
  • the communication frequency band it can be divided into sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave bands.
  • the millimeter wave band has abundant spectrum resources, which can greatly increase the communication rate and has the advantage of low delay.
  • the path loss of millimeter wave transmission is larger and its transmission distance is shorter, it is necessary to form multiple antenna elements into an array to increase the gain and make it capable of beamforming.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a small thickness 5G dual-polarized antenna module and terminal equipment capable of realizing lateral radiation.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: 5G dual-polarized antenna module, including a base body, the surface of the base body is provided with a first feed port and a second feed port, and the base body is provided with a first metal ground And at least one antenna unit group, the first metal ground separates the substrate into a first area and a second area, the first feeding port and the second feeding port are respectively located in the second area, and the antenna unit group includes The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit in the first area, the first antenna unit includes a matched dipole unit and a parasitic unit, the dipole unit is connected to the first feed port; the second antenna unit
  • the probe includes a T-shaped probe, the probe is connected to the second feed port, a part of the probe is located between the dipole unit and the parasitic unit; the bottom surface of the substrate is provided with a first The first ground layer connected by the metal ground.
  • the terminal equipment includes the above-mentioned 5G dual-polarized antenna module.
  • the 5G dual-polarized antenna module of the present invention has the advantages of dual-polarization, can realize lateral radiation and has a small thickness, and is particularly suitable for light and thin terminal equipment (such as mobile phones); LTCC or multilayer can be used Compared with the metal frame design, the circuit board processing technology is more convenient for subsequent chip integration; it can cover the Chinese 5G millimeter wave band (24.75 to 27.5 GHz) and the US 5G millimeter wave band (27.5 to 28.35 GHz) two frequency bands, and the application prospects are very good. broad.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side perspective view of a terminal device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna unit group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention (after hiding the base);
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna unit group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention (hidden base, first metal ground, second metal ground and isolation wall);
  • FIG. 5 is a side perspective view of the antenna unit group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the antenna unit group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram of S parameters of the antenna unit group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a directional diagram of the antenna unit group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention (excited by the first feeding port);
  • FIG. 9 is a directional diagram of the antenna unit group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention (excitation by the second feeding port);
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention (after the base is hidden);
  • FIG. 11 is a top view of a 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a side perspective view of a 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a scanning direction diagram of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module of the first embodiment of the present invention when the horizontal polarization is 0° ⁇ 45° at 26.5 GHz;
  • FIG. 14 is a scanning direction diagram of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module of the first embodiment of the present invention with a vertical polarization of 0° to 45° at 26.5 GHz;
  • Fig. 15 is a 3D radiation pattern of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module in the terminal device of the first embodiment of the present invention at 26.5 GHz (scan angle 0°, vertical polarization);
  • FIG. 16 is a 3D radiation pattern (scanning angle of 45°, vertical polarization) at 26.5 GHz in the terminal device of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 17 is a 3D radiation pattern of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module in the terminal device of the first embodiment of the present invention at 26.5 GHz (scanning angle 0°, horizontal polarization);
  • Figure 18 is a 3D radiation pattern (scanning angle of 45°, horizontal polarization) of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module in the terminal equipment of the first embodiment of the present invention at 26.5 GHz;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the 5G dual-polarized antenna module includes a base 4, the surface of the base 4 is provided with a first feeding port 5 and a second feeding port 6, and the base 4 is provided with a first metal ground 7 And at least one antenna unit group 8, the first metal ground 7 separates the base 4 into a first area 9 and a second area 10, and the first feeding port 5 and the second feeding port 6 are respectively located in the second area 10
  • the antenna element group 8 includes a first antenna element 11 and a second antenna element 12 respectively located in the first area 9.
  • the first antenna element 11 includes a dipole element 13 and a parasitic element 14 that cooperate with each other.
  • the unit 13 is connected to the first feed port 5; the second antenna unit 12 includes a T-shaped probe, the probe is connected to the second feed port 6, and a part of the probe is located in the pair Between the pole unit 13 and the parasitic unit 14; the bottom surface of the base body 4 is provided with a first ground layer 15 that is connected to the first metal ground 7.
  • the first antenna unit 11 can achieve horizontal polarization
  • the second antenna unit 12 can achieve vertical polarization.
  • the 5G dual-polarized antenna module of the present invention has the advantages of dual polarization, can achieve lateral radiation and has a small thickness, and is particularly suitable for thin and light terminal devices (such as mobile phones);
  • the first antenna unit 11 further includes a first stub 16 and a second stub 17 connected to each other.
  • the first stub 16 is connected to the first feeding port 5, and the second stub 17 is far away from the end of the first stub 16.
  • the dipole unit 13 is connected through the first metal ground 7.
  • the first metal ground 7 has a first via hole for the second branch 17 to pass through.
  • the second metal ground 18 also includes a second metal ground 18 arranged in the base 4, and the second metal ground 18 includes a first vertical metal ground 19 and a first horizontal metal ground 20 that are connected to each other.
  • the metal ground 19 is located between the first power feeding port 5 and the second power feeding port 6, and the first horizontal metal ground 20 is connected to the first metal ground 7 and is located below the second branch 17.
  • the second metal ground 18, the first branch 16 and the second branch 17 constitute a microstrip line structure.
  • the second metal ground 18 can further isolate the first antenna unit 11 and the second antenna unit 12, which is beneficial to ensure the performance of the antenna module.
  • the second antenna unit 12 further includes a connected third branch 21 and a fourth branch 22, the third branch 21 is connected to the second feed port 6, and the fourth branch 22 is far away from the third branch 21
  • One end of the probe is connected to the probe through the first metal ground 7, and the probe includes a fifth branch 23 and a sixth branch 24 connected, the fifth branch 23 is connected to the fourth branch 22, the fifth branch 23 is located between the dipole unit 13 and the parasitic unit 14, and the sixth branch 24 is located on the top surface of the base 4.
  • the first metal ground 7 has a second via hole for the fourth branch 22 to pass through.
  • the base body 4 is also provided with an isolation wall 25, the isolation wall 25 is located in the first area 9, and the isolation wall 25 includes a second horizontal metal ground 26 and two second vertical metal grounds. 27.
  • the second horizontal metal ground 26 is connected to the two second vertical metal grounds 27, the second vertical metal ground 27 is connected to the first ground layer 15, and a part of the antenna unit group 8 is located in the isolation Inside the wall 25.
  • the isolation wall 25 can provide good isolation between two adjacent antenna unit groups 8 to ensure the electrical performance of the antenna module.
  • the second vertical metal ground 27 is connected to the first metal ground 7.
  • the number of the antenna unit groups 8 is multiple, and the multiple antenna unit groups 8 are arranged in a row, and the first ground layer 15 is provided with notches 28, and the notches 28 are located adjacent to each other. Between the two antenna element groups 8.
  • the arrangement of the gap 28 can further improve the isolation between two adjacent antenna unit groups 8.
  • top surface of the base body 4 is provided with a second ground layer 29 connected to the first metal ground 7, and the second ground layer 29 is provided corresponding to the second area 10.
  • the arrangement of the second ground layer 29 enables the second region 10 to form a metal cavity structure.
  • the material of the substrate 4 is low-temperature co-fired ceramics or multilayer circuit boards.
  • the antenna module is easy to process, easy to integrate subsequent chips, and easy for manufacturers to produce.
  • the terminal equipment includes the 5G dual-polarized antenna module 3 described above.
  • the terminal device can realize lateral radiation, so that it can be made thinner and lighter.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention is: please combine Figures 1 and 2, a terminal device, including a frame 1 and a main board 2 arranged in the frame 1, the main board 2 is provided with 5G
  • the frame 1 is provided with a hole for the 5G dual-polarized antenna module 3 to be embedded.
  • the 5G dual-polarized antenna module 3 is arranged under the main board 2.
  • the 5G dual-polarized antenna module 3 includes a base 4, the surface of the base 4 is provided with a first feeding port 5 and a second feeding port 6, the base 4 is provided with a first metal Ground 7 and at least one antenna unit group 8.
  • the first metal ground 7 separates the base body 4 into a first area 9 and a second area 10.
  • the first feed port 5 and the second feed port 6 are respectively located in the second area In 10
  • the antenna element group 8 includes a first antenna element 11 and a second antenna element 12 respectively located in the first area 9.
  • the first antenna element 11 includes a matched dipole element 13 and a parasitic element 14, even
  • the pole unit 13 is connected to the first feed port 5;
  • the second antenna unit 12 includes a T-shaped probe, the probe is connected to the second feed port 6, a part of the probe is located at the Between the dipole unit 13 and the parasitic unit 14; the bottom surface of the base body 4 is provided with a first ground layer 15 that is connected to the first metal ground 7.
  • the substrate 4 is made of low-temperature co-fired ceramics or multi-layer circuit boards for subsequent chip integration.
  • the low-temperature co-fired ceramics have 13 layers of sheets, and the thickness of each layer is 100um.
  • the overall thickness of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module 3 is small (generally less than 2 mm), so it will not affect the thickness of the terminal device.
  • the first antenna unit 11 also includes a first stub 16 and a second stub 17 connected to each other, the first stub 16 is connected to the first feed port 5, and the second stub 17
  • the end away from the first branch 16 penetrates the first metal ground 7 to connect to the dipole unit 13.
  • it further includes a second metal ground 18 arranged in the base 4, and the second metal ground 18 includes a first vertical metal ground 19 and a first horizontal metal ground 20 that are connected to each other.
  • the metal ground 19 is located between the first power feed port 5 and the second power feed port 6, and the first horizontal metal ground 20 is connected to the first metal ground 7 and is located below the second branch 17.
  • the ground 18 and the first branch 16 and the second branch 17 form a microstrip line structure.
  • the first vertical metal ground 19 is arranged parallel to the first metal ground 7.
  • the second antenna unit 12 also includes a connected third branch 21 and a fourth branch 22, the third branch 21 is connected to the second feed port 6, the fourth branch 22 is far away One end of the third branch 21 penetrates the first metal ground 7 to connect to the probe.
  • the probe includes a fifth branch 23 and a sixth branch 24 that are connected, and the fifth branch 23 is connected to the fourth branch. 22.
  • the fifth branch 23 is located between the dipole unit 13 and the parasitic unit 14, and the sixth branch 24 is located on the top surface of the base 4.
  • the dipole unit 13 includes an L-shaped seventh branch 33 and an eighth branch 34 respectively.
  • the seventh branch 33 is connected to the second branch 17, and the eighth branch 34 is located below the seventh branch 33 and is connected to the first metal Ground 7 is connected.
  • the seventh branch 33 and the eighth branch 34 are respectively provided with avoiding gaps for avoiding the fifth branch 23.
  • the parasitic unit 14 has a sheet shape, and the parasitic unit 14 and the seventh branch 33 are coplanar.
  • Figure 7 is the s parameter diagram of the antenna element group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the return loss (s11 and s22) of the antenna element group is less than -10 in the frequency band from 24.75 to 28.35 GHz. dB and the isolation between the two ports (
  • Figures 8 and 9 are respectively the directional diagrams of the antenna element group in the 5G dual-polarized antenna module. It can be seen that the antenna element group can radiate directionally and has good cross polarization.
  • the beamforming capability means that the number of antenna element groups 8 is multiple, and the multiple antenna element groups 8 are arranged in a row. In this embodiment, the number of the antenna element group 8 is six.
  • a separation wall 25 is also provided in the base 4, the separation wall 25 is located in the first area 9, and the separation wall 25 includes a Two horizontal metal grounds 26 and two second vertical metal grounds 27, the second horizontal metal ground 26 is connected to the two second vertical metal grounds 27, and the second vertical metal ground 27 is connected to the first ground layer 15.
  • a part of the antenna unit group 8 is located in the isolation wall 25.
  • the second vertical metal ground 27 and the second horizontal metal ground 26 are respectively connected to the first metal ground 7. More specifically, the second vertical metal ground 27 is arranged perpendicular to the first metal ground 7.
  • the first ground layer 15 is provided with a gap 28, and the gap 28 is located adjacent to each other. Between the two antenna element groups 8.
  • a second ground layer 29 connected to the first metal ground 7 is provided on the top surface of the base body 4, and the second ground layer 29 corresponds to the first metal ground 7.
  • a shielding ground 30 is provided at one end of the second area 10 away from the first area 9, and the shielding ground 30 is connected to the first ground layer 15 and the second ground layer 29, so that the second area 10 can form a
  • manufacturers can install feeders in the metal cavity, and even install filters, switches and other components in the metal cavity as needed.
  • the base 4 in this embodiment is a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (in other embodiments, the base 4 can be a multilayer circuit board), the first metal ground 7, the first vertical metal ground 19, and the second vertical
  • the metal ground 27 and the shielding ground 30 each have a mesh structure.
  • this embodiment also provides an integration scheme of a six-unit array and a radio frequency front end.
  • the base body 4 is provided with a radio frequency chip 31 and a control chip 32, and the radio frequency chip 31 and The first power feeding port 5, the second power feeding port 6 and the control chip 32 are electrically connected.
  • the radio frequency chip 31 includes components such as a phase shifter and an amplifier.
  • the phase shifter provides a phase difference between the antenna unit groups 8 to achieve beam scanning capability, and the amplifier compensates for the loss of the phase shifter.
  • the first power feed port 5 and the second power feed port 6 are respectively located on the bottom surface of the base body 4 and are separately arranged from the first ground layer 15.
  • control chip 32 and the radio frequency chip 31 are both arranged on the bottom of the base 4 and isolated from the antenna unit group 8 by the first ground layer 15. In this way, it can be ensured that the control chip 32 and the radio frequency chip 31 will not cause interference to the antenna unit group 8, which further guarantees the performance of the antenna module.
  • Figures 13 and 14 are scanning patterns of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module of the first embodiment of the present invention with two polarizations of 0° ⁇ 45° at 26.5 GHz. It is not difficult to see that the two polarizations are between 0° and 45°. Within °, the pattern gain is stable and the scanning performance is good.
  • Figures 15 to 18 are 3D directional diagrams of the 5G dual-polarized antenna module in the first embodiment of the present invention at 26.5 GHz. It can be clearly seen that the 5G dual-polarized antenna module radiates laterally to the terminal device, and With beam scanning capability.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention is another technical solution proposed on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that in the terminal device, the three sides of the main board 2 are respectively provided with the aforementioned 5G
  • the dual-polarized antenna module 3 can achieve multi-directional coverage in this way.
  • the 5G dual-polarized antenna module and terminal equipment provided by the present invention have the advantages of dual-polarization, can achieve lateral radiation and have a small thickness, which is in line with the development trend of light and thin terminal equipment; LTCC or more can be used. Compared with the metal frame design, it is easier to integrate the subsequent chips; it can cover the 5G millimeter wave band in China (24.75 to 27.5 GHz) and the 5G millimeter wave band in the United States (27.5 to 28.35 GHz) two frequency bands, application prospects Very broad.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了5G双极化天线模组及终端设备，5G双极化天线模组包括基体，基体的表面设有第一馈电口和第二馈电口，基体内设有第一金属地及至少一个天线单元组，第一金属地将基体分隔为第一区域和第二区域，第一馈电口和第二馈电口分别位于第二区域内，天线单元组包括分别位于第一区域内的第一天线单元和第二天线单元，第一天线单元包括相配合的偶极子单元和寄生单元，偶极子单元与第一馈电口相连；第二天线单元包括呈T字型的探针，探针与第二馈电口相连，探针的一部分位于偶极子单元与寄生单元之间；基体的底面设有与第一金属地导通的第一地层。具有双极化的优点，能够实现侧向辐射且厚度小，特别适合轻薄化终端设备。

Description

5G双极化天线模组及终端设备 技术领域
本发明涉及天线技术领域，尤其涉及5G双极化天线模组及终端设备。
 背景技术
第五代移动通信技术（5G）即将进入商用，根据通信频段，可以分为sub-6 GHz和毫米波段。其中，毫米波段拥有丰富的频谱资源能够极大地提高通信速率，且具有低延迟的优点。同之前已经广泛应用的低频段相比，由于毫米波传输时路径损耗较大，其传输距离较短，因此需要将多个天线单元组成阵列提高增益并使之具有波束赋形的能力。
技术革新的同时给毫米波段天线的设计带来了新的挑战。到目前为止，虽然已有一些毫米波段天线的设计，但是大多数都存在一些问题。例如，在中国发明专利申请（CN109193133A和CN109193134A）中，提出了一系列在金属边框上设计的天线，然而此结构如何同射频前端集成是个挑战。例如，在中国实用新型专利“基于矩形贴片阵列的5G毫米波手机天线”（专利号：CN208655889U）、“一种移动通讯终端四单元毫米波天线系统”（专利号：CN208460981U）和“一种紧凑型宽带毫米波天线”（专利号：CN207781866U）提出的三种设计都为宽边辐射。若放在终端设备（例如手机）中想要实现侧向辐射，则需要将这些天线竖直放置于手机侧边，这将限制手机的超薄设计。在中国实用新型专利“一种辐射方向可控的端射毫米波天线”（专利号：CN207517869U）和“一种无线移动终端及天线”（专利公开号：CN108288757A）中，提出了可以实现端射的天线单元，然而此天线为单极化，在实际应用中，需要双极化天线。此外，虽然高通近期提出了一种基于矩形贴片天线的毫米波天线模组，但是由于该天线的主要辐射方向垂直于贴片天线的表面，因此为了实现手机中需要的侧向辐射的要求，不得不把该天线模组垂直放置在手机的侧面上，这种放置方式直接地影响了手机的厚度。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种能够实现侧向辐射的小厚度5G双极化天线模组及终端设备。
 技术解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：5G双极化天线模组，包括基体，基体的表面设有第一馈电口和第二馈电口，基体内设有第一金属地及至少一个天线单元组，第一金属地将基体分隔为第一区域和第二区域，第一馈电口和第二馈电口分别位于所述第二区域内，天线单元组包括分别位于所述第一区域内的第一天线单元和第二天线单元，第一天线单元包括相配合的偶极子单元和寄生单元，偶极子单元与第一馈电口相连；所述第二天线单元包括呈T字型的探针，所述探针与第二馈电口相连，所述探针的一部分位于所述偶极子单元与寄生单元之间；所述基体的底面设有与第一金属地导通的第一地层。
终端设备，包括上述5G双极化天线模组。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的5G双极化天线模组具有双极化的优点，能够实现侧向辐射且厚度小，特别适合轻薄化终端设备（例如手机）；可采用LTCC或多层线路板加工工艺制作，与金属边框设计相比，更便于后续芯片的集成；能够覆盖中国5G毫米波段（24.75至27.5 GHz）和美国5G毫米波段（27.5至28.35 GHz）两个频段，应用前景十分广阔。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例一的终端设备的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一的终端设备的侧向透视图；
图3为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的结构示意图（隐藏基体后）；
图4为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的结构示意图（隐藏基体、第一金属地、第二金属地及隔离墙后）；
图5为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的侧向透视图；
图6为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的俯视图；
图7为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的S参数图；
图8为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的方向图（第一馈电口激励）；
图9为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的方向图（第二馈电口激励）；
图10为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组的结构示意图（隐藏基体后）；
图11为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组的俯视图；
图12为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组的侧向透视图；
图13为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组在26.5GHz时，水平极化0°~45°的扫描方向图；
图14为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组在26.5GHz时，垂直极化0°~45°的扫描方向图；
图15为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组在终端设备中，26.5GHz时3D辐射方向图（扫描角0°，垂直极化）；
图16为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组在终端设备中，26.5GHz时3D辐射方向图（扫描角45°，垂直极化）；
图17为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组在终端设备中，26.5GHz时3D辐射方向图（扫描角0°，水平极化）；
图18为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组在终端设备中，26.5GHz时3D辐射方向图（扫描角45°，水平极化）；
图19为本发明实施例二的终端设备的结构示意图。
标号说明：
1、框体；2、主板；3、5G双极化天线模组；4、基体；5、第一馈电口；6、第二馈电口；7、第一金属地；8、天线单元组；9、第一区域；10、第二区域；11、第一天线单元；12、第二天线单元；13、偶极子单元；14、寄生单元；15、第一地层；16、第一枝节；17、第二枝节；18、第二金属地；19、第一竖向金属地；20、第一水平金属地；21、第三枝节；22、第四枝节；23、第五枝节；24、第六枝节；25、隔离墙；26、第二水平金属地；27、第二竖向金属地；28、缺口；29、第二地层；30、屏蔽地；31、射频芯片；32、控制芯片；33、第七枝节；34、第八枝节。
 本发明的实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果，以下结合实施方式并配合附图予以说明。
请参照图1至图19，5G双极化天线模组，包括基体4，基体4的表面设有第一馈电口5和第二馈电口6，基体4内设有第一金属地7及至少一个天线单元组8，第一金属地7将基体4分隔为第一区域9和第二区域10，第一馈电口5和第二馈电口6分别位于所述第二区域10内，天线单元组8包括分别位于所述第一区域9内的第一天线单元11和第二天线单元12，第一天线单元11包括相配合的偶极子单元13和寄生单元14，偶极子单元13与第一馈电口5相连；所述第二天线单元12包括呈T字型的探针，所述探针与第二馈电口6相连，所述探针的一部分位于所述偶极子单元13与寄生单元14之间；所述基体4的底面设有与第一金属地7导通的第一地层15。
本发明的工作原理简述如下：第一天线单元11能够实现水平极化，第二天线单元12能够实现垂直极化。
从上述描述可知，本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的5G双极化天线模组具有双极化的优点，能够实现侧向辐射且厚度小，特别适合轻薄化终端设备（例如手机）；可采用LTCC或多层线路板加工工艺制作，与金属边框设计相比，更便于后续芯片的集成；能够覆盖中国5G毫米波段（24.75至27.5 GHz）和美国5G毫米波段（27.5至28.35 GHz）两个频段，应用前景十分广阔。
进一步的，所述第一天线单元11还包括相连的第一枝节16和第二枝节17，第一枝节16连接第一馈电口5，第二枝节17远离第一枝节16的一端贯穿所述第一金属地7连接所述偶极子单元13。
由上述描述可知，第一金属地7具有供第二枝节17穿过的第一过孔。
进一步的，还包括设于所述基体4内的第二金属地18，所述第二金属地18包括相连的第一竖向金属地19和第一水平金属地20，所述第一竖向金属地19位于第一馈电口5与第二馈电口6之间，所述第一水平金属地20连接所述第一金属地7并位于第二枝节17的下方。
由上述描述可知，第二金属地18、第一枝节16及第二枝节17构成了微带线结构。另外，第二金属地18还可以起到进一步隔离第一天线单元11和第二天线单元12的作用，利于保证天线模组的性能。
进一步的，所述第二天线单元12还包括相连的第三枝节21和第四枝节22，所述第三枝节21连接第二馈电口6，第四枝节22远离第三枝节21的一端贯穿所述第一金属地7连接所述探针，所述探针包括相连的第五枝节23和第六枝节24，所述第五枝节23连接所述第四枝节22，第五枝节23位于所述偶极子单元13和寄生单元14之间，所述第六枝节24位于所述基体4的顶面上。
由上述描述可知，第一金属地7具有供第四枝节22穿过的第二过孔。
进一步的，所述基体4内还设有隔离墙25，所述隔离墙25位于所述第一区域9内，所述隔离墙25包括第二水平金属地26和两个第二竖向金属地27，第二水平金属地26连接两个所述第二竖向金属地27，所述第二竖向金属地27连接所述第一地层15，所述天线单元组8的一部分位于所述隔离墙25内。
由上述描述可知，当天线单元组8的数量为多个时，隔离墙25能够让相邻的两个天线单元组8之间形成良好隔离以保证天线模组的电学性能。
进一步的，所述第二竖向金属地27连接所述第一金属地7。
由上述描述可知，如此能够进一步隔离相邻的两个天线单元组8。
进一步的，所述天线单元组8的数量为多个，数量为多个的所述天线单元组8呈一排排列，所述第一地层15上设有缺口28，所述缺口28位于相邻的两个所述天线单元组8之间。
由上述描述可知，缺口28的设置能够进一步提高相邻的两个天线单元组8之间的隔离度。
进一步的，所述基体4的顶面设有连接所述第一金属地7的第二地层29，所述第二地层29对应于所述第二区域10设置。
由上述描述可知，第二地层29的设置能够让第二区域10构成一金属腔结构。
进一步的，所述基体4的材质为低温共烧陶瓷或多层线路板。
由上述描述可知，天线模组加工方便，且便于后续芯片集成，便于厂商生产。
终端设备，包括上述5G双极化天线模组3。
由上述描述可知，终端设备能够实现侧向辐射，从而可以制作得更为轻薄。
实施例一
请参照图1至图18，本发明的实施例一为：请结合图1和图2，终端设备，包括框体1和设于框体1内的主板2，所述主板2上设有5G双极化天线模组3，所述框体1上设有供所述5G双极化天线模组3嵌入的孔洞。具体的，所述5G双极化天线模组3设于所述主板2的下方。
请结合图3至图6，所述5G双极化天线模组3包括基体4，基体4的表面设有第一馈电口5和第二馈电口6，基体4内设有第一金属地7及至少一个天线单元组8，第一金属地7将基体4分隔为第一区域9和第二区域10，第一馈电口5和第二馈电口6分别位于所述第二区域10内，天线单元组8包括分别位于所述第一区域9内的第一天线单元11和第二天线单元12，第一天线单元11包括相配合的偶极子单元13和寄生单元14，偶极子单元13与第一馈电口5相连；所述第二天线单元12包括呈T字型的探针，所述探针与第二馈电口6相连，所述探针的一部分位于所述偶极子单元13与寄生单元14之间；所述基体4的底面设有与第一金属地7导通的第一地层15。所述基体4的材质为低温共烧陶瓷或多层线路板以便后续集成芯片，本实施例中，所述低温共烧陶瓷共有13层片材，每层片材的厚度均为100um。本实施例中5G双极化天线模组3的整体厚度较小（一般小于2mm），所以不会对终端设备的厚度产生影响。
请结合图3至图5，详细的，所述第一天线单元11还包括相连的第一枝节16和第二枝节17，第一枝节16连接第一馈电口5，第二枝节17远离第一枝节16的一端贯穿所述第一金属地7连接所述偶极子单元13。优选的，还包括设于所述基体4内的第二金属地18，所述第二金属地18包括相连的第一竖向金属地19和第一水平金属地20，所述第一竖向金属地19位于第一馈电口5与第二馈电口6之间，所述第一水平金属地20连接所述第一金属地7并位于第二枝节17的下方，如此，第二金属地18与第一枝节16及第二枝节17形成了微带线结构。可选的，所述第一竖向金属地19平行于所述第一金属地7设置。
请结合图4和图5，所述第二天线单元12还包括相连的第三枝节21和第四枝节22，所述第三枝节21连接第二馈电口6，第四枝节22远离第三枝节21的一端贯穿所述第一金属地7连接所述探针，所述探针包括相连的第五枝节23和第六枝节24，所述第五枝节23连接所述第四枝节22，第五枝节23位于所述偶极子单元13和寄生单元14之间，所述第六枝节24位于所述基体4的顶面上。所述偶极子单元13包括分别呈L型的第七枝节33和第八枝节34，第七枝节33与第二枝节17相连，第八枝节34位于第七枝节33的下方并与第一金属地7相连。可选的，第七枝节33与第八枝节34上分别设有用于对所述第五枝节23避位的避位豁口。具体的，所述寄生单元14呈片状，寄生单元14与第七枝节33共面设置。
图7为5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的s参数图，从图7可以看出，在24.75至28.35 GHz频段内，该天线单元组的回波损耗（s11和s22）小于-10 dB且两个端口的隔离度（|s21|）大于14 dB。图8和图9分别为5G双极化天线模组中天线单元组的方向图，可以看出，天线单元组能够定向辐射，且交叉极化良好。
请结合图3、图5、图6、图10和图11，由于毫米波传输时路径损耗较大，其传输距离较短，因此需要将多个天线单元组8组成阵列提高增益并使之具有波束赋形的能力，即所述天线单元组8的数量为多个，数量为多个的所述天线单元组8呈一排排列。本实施例中，所述天线单元组8的数量为六个。为保证相邻的两个天线单元组8之间的隔离度，所述基体4内还设有隔离墙25，所述隔离墙25位于所述第一区域9内，所述隔离墙25包括第二水平金属地26和两个第二竖向金属地27，第二水平金属地26连接两个所述第二竖向金属地27，所述第二竖向金属地27连接所述第一地层15，所述天线单元组8的一部分位于所述隔离墙25内。所述第二竖向金属地27和第二水平金属地26分别连接所述第一金属地7。更具体的，所述第二竖向金属地27垂直于所述第一金属地7设置。
如图10和图11所示，为进一步提高相邻的两个天线单元组8之间的隔离度，可选的，所述第一地层15上设有缺口28，所述缺口28位于相邻的两个所述天线单元组8之间。
如图5、图6和图10所示，可选的，所述基体4的顶面设有连接所述第一金属地7的第二地层29，所述第二地层29对应于所述第二区域10设置。进一步的，所述第二区域10远离第一区域9的一端设有屏蔽地30，所述屏蔽地30连接所述第一地层15和第二地层29，如此，可使第二区域10形成一封闭的金属腔，厂商可在该金属腔内设置馈电线，根据需要甚至还可以将滤波器、开关等元件设于该金属腔内。
容易理解的，本实施例中基体4是低温共烧陶瓷（在其他实施例中，基体4可选用多层线路板），第一金属地7、第一竖向金属地19、第二竖向金属地27及屏蔽地30分别为网状结构。
如图12所示，本实施例中还给出了一种六单元阵列与射频前端的一个集成方案，详细的，所述基体4上设有射频芯片31和控制芯片32，射频芯片31分别与第一馈电口5、第二馈电口6及控制芯片32电连接。射频芯片31中包含移相器和放大器等元件，其中移相器为天线单元组8间提供相位差以实现波束扫描的能力，放大器补偿移相器的损耗。可选的，所述第一馈电口5和第二馈电口6分别位于所述基体4的底面且分别与第一地层15隔离设置。相应的，控制芯片32和射频芯片31均设于基体4底部且通过第一地层15与天线单元组8隔离。如此，可以保证控制芯片32和射频芯片31不会对天线单元组8造成干扰，进一步保障了天线模组的性能。
图13和图14为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组在26.5GHz时，两个极化0°~45°的扫描方向图，不难看出，两个极化在0~45°内，方向图增益稳定，扫描性能良好。
图15至图18为本发明实施例一的5G双极化天线模组在26.5 GHz时的3D方向图，可以清楚的看到，该5G双极化天线模组向终端设备侧向辐射，且具备波束扫描能力。
实施例二
请参照图19，本发明的实施例二是在实施一的基础上提出的另外一种技术方案，与实施例一的不同之处在于：终端设备中，主板2的三侧分别设有前述5G双极化天线模组3，如此可实现多方位覆盖。
综上所述，本发明提供的5G双极化天线模组及终端设备，具有双极化的优点，能够实现侧向辐射且厚度小，符合终端设备轻薄化的发展趋势；可采用LTCC或多层线路板加工工艺制作，与金属边框设计相比，更便于后续芯片的集成；能够覆盖中国5G毫米波段（24.75至27.5 GHz）和美国5G毫米波段（27.5至28.35 GHz）两个频段，应用前景十分广阔。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等同变换，或直接或间接运用在相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：包括基体，基体的表面设有第一馈电口和第二馈电口，基体内设有第一金属地及至少一个天线单元组，第一金属地将基体分隔为第一区域和第二区域，第一馈电口和第二馈电口分别位于所述第二区域内，天线单元组包括分别位于所述第一区域内的第一天线单元和第二天线单元，第一天线单元包括相配合的偶极子单元和寄生单元，偶极子单元与第一馈电口相连；所述第二天线单元包括呈T字型的探针，所述探针与第二馈电口相连，所述探针的一部分位于所述偶极子单元与寄生单元之间；所述基体的底面设有与第一金属地导通的第一地层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：所述第一天线单元还包括相连的第一枝节和第二枝节，第一枝节连接第一馈电口，第二枝节远离第一枝节的一端贯穿所述第一金属地连接所述偶极子单元。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：还包括设于所述基体内的第二金属地，所述第二金属地包括相连的第一竖向金属地和第一水平金属地，所述第一竖向金属地位于第一馈电口与第二馈电口之间，所述第一水平金属地连接所述第一金属地并位于第二枝节的下方。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：所述第二天线单元还包括相连的第三枝节和第四枝节，所述第三枝节连接第二馈电口，第四枝节远离第三枝节的一端贯穿所述第一金属地连接所述探针，所述探针包括相连的第五枝节和第六枝节，所述第五枝节连接所述第四枝节，第五枝节位于所述偶极子单元和寄生单元之间，所述第六枝节位于所述基体的顶面上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：所述基体内还设有隔离墙，所述隔离墙位于所述第一区域内，所述隔离墙包括第二水平金属地和两个第二竖向金属地，第二水平金属地连接两个所述第二竖向金属地，所述第二竖向金属地连接所述第一地层，所述天线单元组的一部分位于所述隔离墙内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：所述第二竖向金属地连接所述第一金属地。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：所述天线单元组的数量为多个，数量为多个的所述天线单元组呈一排排列，所述第一地层上设有缺口，所述缺口位于相邻的两个所述天线单元组之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：所述基体的顶面设有连接所述第一金属地的第二地层，所述第二地层对应于所述第二区域设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的5G双极化天线模组，其特征在于：所述基体的材质为低温共烧陶瓷或多层线路板。
  10. 终端设备，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的5G双极化天线模组。
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