WO2021135917A1 - 一种低温存储装置及其安装方法 - Google Patents

一种低温存储装置及其安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021135917A1
WO2021135917A1 PCT/CN2020/136331 CN2020136331W WO2021135917A1 WO 2021135917 A1 WO2021135917 A1 WO 2021135917A1 CN 2020136331 W CN2020136331 W CN 2020136331W WO 2021135917 A1 WO2021135917 A1 WO 2021135917A1
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Prior art keywords
tank
installation
low
thermal insulation
layer
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PCT/CN2020/136331
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张永福
张春华
金建兴
章雅琴
张雨濛
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浙江振申绝热科技股份有限公司
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Priority to CN202080007070.3A priority Critical patent/CN113412389A/zh
Publication of WO2021135917A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135917A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/028—Wall construction hollow-walled, e.g. double-walled with spacers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low-temperature storage device and an installation method thereof.
  • LNG storage tanks are used to store ultra-low temperature LNG (liquefied natural gas) liquid at -162°C.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • single-containment tanks are usually vertical flat-bottomed cylindrical storage tanks composed of an inner tank and an outer tank.
  • the inner tank is made of low-temperature resistant stainless steel and is used to store low-temperature LNG.
  • the outer tank is generally made of carbon steel, which is mainly used to fix and protect the insulation layer that maintains the inner tank working at low temperatures, but cannot contain LNG.
  • single-containment tanks When an accident occurs in a storage tank and the inner tank storing LNG leaks, the LNG will damage the outer tank and spread to a larger area, causing greater harm. For this reason, single-containment tanks must be equipped with cofferdams. According to the requirements of the specification, in engineering design, single-containment tanks require a larger safety protection interval and occupy a large area. There are takeovers at the bottom and side walls of the storage tank, and the hidden danger of gas and liquid leakage is likely to be left due to the lack of construction quality. Relatively speaking, the possibility of leakage is high, the strength is low, and the safety performance is poor.
  • the conventional large-scale low-temperature storage tank is composed of a metal inner tank, a concrete outer tank, and an insulation layer between the inner and outer tanks. At the bottom of the tank, from bottom to top, it is composed of the metal bottom plate of the concrete outer tank, the concrete layer, the foam glass layer, the concrete layer, the secondary bottom plate, the prestressed concrete layer, and the metal bottom plate of the inner tank;
  • the inner part is composed of concrete outer tank, outer tank metal lining board, foam glass layer, hot corner protective wall panel, perlite insulation layer, elastic felt insulation layer, metal inner tank and so on.
  • the whole structure is very complicated, and its installation and construction The process is complicated and extremely demanding, and each step of the construction must be completed in sequence on the site, which leads to high requirements for on-site construction quality, difficult quality control, and long construction period.
  • At the bottom of the tank body there is a secondary bottom plate between the metal inner tank and the bottom plate of the outer tank.
  • the tank wall part, between the metal inner tank and the outer tank, has thermal corner protection.
  • the metal inner tank, secondary bottom plate, and thermal corner protection are general. They all use 1-2 cm thick low-temperature steel, which is very expensive and requires very high construction welding.
  • the entire inner tank and the secondary bottom plate are a flat whole, and the thermal corner protection is welded to the metal outer tank and the secondary bottom plate to form a sealed whole.
  • the present invention provides a low-temperature storage device with simplified structure, simple installation and construction process, and low cost. Its installation method.
  • a low-temperature storage device comprising a metal inner tank, an outer tank, a suspended ceiling and a heat preservation structure
  • the heat preservation structure is located between the inner tank and the outer tank, and is characterized in that: Tank bottom and tank wall adopt anchor plate, external thermal insulation structure layer, internal thermal insulation structure layer and corrugated metal film inner tank structure.
  • Tank bottom and tank wall adopt anchor plate, external thermal insulation structure layer, internal thermal insulation structure layer and corrugated metal film inner tank structure.
  • the anchor plate is fixed on the bottom and the wall of the tank by anchors or adhesives, and the upper surface of the anchor plate is fixed with cross fixing parts for fixing the adjacent thermal insulation structure layer, and at the same time for fixing and connecting the metal inner tank .
  • the secondary shielding layer between the inner and outer thermal insulation structure layers is connected to the tank bottom and the tank wall to form an airtight whole, the secondary shielding layer is a high-strength composite membrane structure, and the secondary shielding layer can be combined with the outer thermal insulation layer Compound together.
  • the anchor plate is a double-layer insulation system layer structure, a layer of leakage protection structure is sandwiched between the two insulation system layers, and the leakage protection structure and the secondary shielding layer are hermetically connected to form an airtight whole.
  • the cross fixing member is made of low-temperature resistant metal material, in the shape of a "cross", extending to four sides, and embedded in the groove of the adjacent inner thermal insulation structure layer.
  • the internal thermal insulation structure layer is made of fireproof and thermal insulation material, or partially filled A fire-proof and heat-insulating material is fixed, and the fire-proof and heat-insulating material is located directly under the welding seam of the metal inner tank in contact with it.
  • a method for installing a low-temperature storage device comprising the following steps:
  • the fixed installation of the anchor plate further includes a base for fixing and supporting the auxiliary equipment.
  • the installation process of the external thermal insulation structure layer is: first install irregular parts and non-standard size parts.
  • the installation and sealing of the secondary shielding layer must be tested for airtightness, and the parts that do not meet the requirements must be repaired and retested until the entire secondary shielding layer meets the airtightness requirements.
  • the installation and welding of the metal thin film inner tank must undergo a weld leakage test, and the parts that do not meet the requirements must be repaired and retested until the entire metal inner tank has no leakage points.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: Compared with the traditional metal inner tank, the secondary bottom plate and the thermal corner protection, the material is greatly saved, the manufacturing cost can be saved by more than 10%, and the use effect and safety are significantly improved. In addition, the entire system unit can be modularized in the factory for on-site splicing, and the construction efficiency is extremely high.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-temperature storage device.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural diagram at A in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram at B in Fig. 1.
  • 1 is the outer tank
  • 2 is the dome
  • 3 is the suspended ceiling
  • 4 is the top insulation
  • 5 is the outer insulation structure layer
  • 6 is the inner insulation structure layer
  • 7 is the secondary shielding layer
  • 8 is the metal film inner tank.
  • a low-temperature storage device includes a metal film inner tank 8, an outer tank 1, a suspended ceiling 3, and a heat-preserving structure.
  • the heat-preserving structure is located between the inner tank and the outer tank, and is characterized in that: at the bottom of the tank And the tank wall adopts the structure of anchor plate 9, external thermal insulation structure layer 5, internal thermal insulation structure layer 6, and corrugated metal film inner tank 8.
  • the anchor plate 9 is fixed on the tank bottom 10 and the tank wall 11 by anchors or adhesives.
  • the upper surface of the anchor plate 9 is fixed with a cross fixing member for fixing the adjacent thermal insulation structure layer and at the same time. Connect the metal inner tank.
  • the secondary shielding layer 7 between the inner and outer thermal insulation structure layers is connected to the tank bottom 10 and the tank wall 11 to form an airtight whole, the secondary shielding layer 7 is a high-strength composite membrane structure, and the secondary shielding layer 7 It can be combined with the external thermal insulation structure layer 5.
  • the anchor plate 9 is a double-layer thermal insulation system structure, and a layer of leakage protection structure is sandwiched between the two thermal insulation system layers, and the leakage protection structure and the secondary shielding layer are hermetically connected to form an airtight whole.
  • the cross fixing member is made of low-temperature resistant metal material, in the shape of a "cross", extending to four sides, and embedded in the groove of the adjacent inner thermal insulation structure layer.
  • the internal thermal insulation structure layer is made of fireproof and thermal insulation material, or partially filled A fire-proof and heat-insulating material is fixed, and the fire-proof and heat-insulating material is located directly under the welding seam of the metal inner tank in contact with it.
  • the fixed installation of the anchor plate further includes a base for fixing and supporting the auxiliary equipment.
  • the installation process of the external thermal insulation structure layer is: first install irregular parts and non-standard size parts.
  • the installation and sealing of the secondary shielding layer must be tested for airtightness, and the parts that do not meet the requirements must be repaired and retested until the entire secondary shielding layer meets the airtightness requirements.
  • the installation and welding of the metal thin film inner tank must undergo a weld leakage test, and the parts that do not meet the requirements must be repaired and retested until the entire metal inner tank has no leakage points.
  • the present invention completely changes the structure of the existing low-temperature storage tank and the installation and fixing method. Only a metal inner tank with a thickness of 1-2 mm is required. The secondary bottom plate and the hot corner protection steel plate are directly eliminated, and the secondary shielding layer of the composite membrane structure is adopted. To prevent leakage.
  • the low-temperature metal film designed with vertical and horizontal folds has undergone stress analysis and fatigue experiments. In the temperature range from normal temperature to -196°C, the metal film can resolve the in-plane dimensional changes through the dimensional changes of the vertical and horizontal folds.
  • the solution of this embodiment greatly saves materials, saves more than 10% of manufacturing cost, and significantly improves the use effect and safety.
  • the entire system unit can be modularized in the factory for on-site splicing, and the construction efficiency is extremely high.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

一种低温存储装置，包括金属薄膜内罐（8）、外罐（1）和保温层，保温层位于金属薄膜内罐（8）与外罐（1）之间，在罐底（10）和罐壁（11）采用锚固板（9）、双层保温板及褶皱金属薄膜结构，双层保温板之间夹有一层次屏蔽层（7），在次屏蔽层（7）的下面，保温板与保温板之间安装有温度传感器和渗漏检测系统，用于监测系统的运行状况和安全性，同时提供了一种低温存储装置的安装方法，能够简化结构，且安装施工过程较为简便、成本较低。

Description

一种低温存储装置及其安装方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种低温存储装置及其安装方法。
 背景技术
无论是天然气液化工厂，还是LNG接收终端，LNG储罐的投资均占有较高的比重，尤其是在LNG接收终端中，储罐的投资约占其总投资的30～40％，可见LNG储罐是整个LNG产业链中的一个非常重要组成部分。LNG储罐用来储存-162℃的超低温LNG(液化天然气)液体，为了使得储罐内液体处于超低温状态，储罐罐壁、罐底、罐顶均要安装布置保温材料。由于新型自支撑式LNG储罐复合结构内罐的外肋片结构，传统的内侧弹性毡、外侧膨胀珍珠岩罐壁保温方案存在材料松散、沉降变形、长期保温性能不稳定，寿命较低等方面的问题。现有的储罐主要为单容罐、双容罐以及全容罐：单容罐通常为立式平底园筒形储罐，由内罐和外罐组成。内罐材质为耐低温的不锈钢，用以储存低温的LNG，外罐一般由碳素钢制作,主要用于固定和保护维持内罐低温下工作的隔热层，但不能容纳LNG。当储罐出现事故，储存LNG的内罐泄漏时，LNG将损坏外罐，向更大区域漫延，造成更大的危害。为此单容罐必须设置围堰，按规范要求，工程设计中，单容罐需要较大的安全防护间距，占地面积较大。在储罐底部和侧壁都有接管，工程施工中易因施工质量欠缺留下气、液泄漏隐患。相对而言，泄漏可能性较高，强度较低，安全性能较差。由于单容罐的安全性较其他形式罐的安全性低，近年来在大型LNG生产厂已较少使用。双容罐的储罐的设计压力与单容罐相同（均较低），也需要设置返回气压缩机。双容罐的投资略高于单容罐，约为单容罐投资的110%，其施工周期也较单容罐略长。双容罐和全容罐比较，有差不多的投资和交付周期，但安全水平较低，现有储罐设计比较陈旧，也不被选用。另外全容罐虽然安全性较好、占地面积少，但是其结构较为复杂，施工工期较长，建设成本较高。常规的大型低温储罐是由金属内罐、混凝土外罐以及内外罐之间的保温层构成。在罐体底部，自下而上依次由混凝外罐金属底板、混凝土层、泡沫玻璃层、混凝土层、二次底板、预应力混凝土层、内罐金属底板构成；罐壁部分，自外而内，依次由混凝土外罐、外罐金属衬板、泡沫玻璃层、热角保护壁板、珍珠岩保温层、弹性毡保温层、金属内罐等等结构构成，整个结构非常复杂，其安装施工过程繁杂且要求极高，每一步施工都必须在现场依次完成，从而导致现场施工质量要求高，质量控制难，施工周期长。在罐体的底部，金属内罐和外罐底板之间还有二次底板，罐壁部分，金属内罐和外罐之间有热角保护，金属内罐、二次底板、热角保护一般都是采用的是1-2厘米厚的低温钢，造价非常昂贵，施工焊接要求非常高。整个内罐和二次底板都是一个平整的整体，且热角保护与金属外罐和二次底板焊接成一个密封的整体。以一个16万立方的LNG储罐为例，其内罐直径80多米，开车运行时，会有近200℃的温度变化，不同结构层都会产生不同程度的收缩，内罐会有约25厘米的收缩，内罐是一个平整的整体，收缩会在不同层之间产生位移，相互之间的作用力非常大，一旦造成破坏，就会对保温效果产生影响，造成运行成本高，甚至会有安全问题。
 技术问题
为了克服已有大型低温储罐的结构复杂、安装施工过程繁杂且要求极高、成本较高的不足，本发明提供了一种简化结构、安装施工过程较为简便、成本较低的低温存储装置及其安装方法。
 技术解决方案
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种低温存储装置，包括金属内罐、外罐、吊顶和保温结构，所述保温结构位于内罐与外罐之间，其特征在于：在罐底和罐壁采用锚固板、外保温结构层、内保温结构层及褶皱金属薄膜内罐结构，内外保温结构层之间夹有一层次屏蔽层，在次屏蔽层的下面，安装有气体输送和监测系统，用于低温存储装置的运行防护和监测。
进一步，锚固板通过锚固件或胶黏剂固定在罐底和罐壁，锚固板的上表面固定有十字固定件，用于固定与之相邻的保温结构层，同时用于固定连接金属内罐。
再进一步，所述内外保温结构层间的次屏蔽层，在罐底和罐壁连接形成一个具有气密性能的整体，次屏蔽层为高强度的复合膜结构，次屏蔽层可以和外保温层复合在一起。
锚固板为双层保温系统层结构，两个保温系统层之间夹有一层渗漏防护结构，该渗漏防护结构和次屏蔽层密封连接成一个具有气密性能的整体。
所述的十字固定件为耐低温金属材质，呈“十”字形状，向四边伸展，嵌入与之相邻内保温结构层的凹槽中，内保温结构层为防火隔热材料，或局部填充固定有防火隔热材料，防火隔热材料位于与之接触的金属内罐焊接缝的正下方。
一种低温存储装置的安装方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
1）外罐和罐底混凝土的检测与修正；
2）吊顶安装；
3）罐壁登高作业平台安装；
4）预埋锚固件；
5）混凝土的硬化和防潮处理；
6）锚固板的固定安装，外保温结构层的安装，温度传感器和渗漏检测系统安装,次屏蔽层安装及密封，内保温结构层的安装，十字固定件的安装，金属薄膜内罐的安装焊接。
所述步骤6）中，锚固板的固定安装，还包括用于固定支撑辅助设备实施的基座。
所述步骤6）中，外保温结构层的安装过程为：先安装不规则部位和非标准尺寸部位。
所述步骤6）中，次屏蔽层的安装及密封须进行气密性测试，不满足要求的部位须进行修补和再测试，至整个次屏蔽层达到气密性要求。
所述步骤6）中，金属薄膜内罐的安装焊接须进行焊缝渗漏测试，不满足要求的部位须进行修补和再测试，至整个金属内罐无渗漏点。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果主要表现在：相比较于传统的金属内罐、二次底板和热角保护，材料大大的节约，制造成本可节约10%以上，而使用效果和安全性明显提升。并且整个系统单元均可以采用工厂模块化加工，进行现场拼接，施工效率极高。
 附图说明
图1是低温存储装置的结构示意图。
图2是图1的A处结构图。
图3是图1的B处结构图。
其中，1为外罐，2为穹顶，3为吊顶，4为顶部保温，5为外保温结构层，6为内保温结构层，7为次屏蔽层，8为金属薄膜内罐。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。
参照图1~图3，一种低温存储装置，包括金属薄膜内罐8、外罐1、吊顶3和保温结构，所述保温结构位于内罐与外罐之间，其特征在于：在罐底和罐壁采用锚固板9、外保温结构层5、内保温结构层6及褶皱金属薄膜内罐8结构，内外保温结构层之间夹有一层次屏蔽层7，在次屏蔽层7的下面，安装有气体输送和监测系统，用于低温存储装置的运行防护和监测。
进一步，锚固板9通过锚固件或胶黏剂固定在罐底10和罐壁11，锚固板9的上表面固定有十字固定件，用于固定与之相邻的保温结构层，同时用于固定连接金属内罐。
再进一步，所述内外保温结构层间的次屏蔽层7，在罐底10和罐壁11连接形成一个具有气密性能的整体，次屏蔽层7为高强度的复合膜结构，次屏蔽层7可以和外保温结构层5复合在一起。
锚固板9为双层保温系统结构，两个保温系统层之间夹有一层渗漏防护结构，该渗漏防护结构和次屏蔽层密封连接成一个具有气密性能的整体。
所述的十字固定件为耐低温金属材质，呈“十”字形状，向四边伸展，嵌入与之相邻内保温结构层的凹槽中，内保温结构层为防火隔热材料，或局部填充固定有防火隔热材料，防火隔热材料位于与之接触的金属内罐焊接缝的正下方。
一种如权利要求1所述的低温存储装置的安装方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
1）外罐1和罐底10混凝土的检测与修正；
2）吊顶3安装；
3）罐壁登高作业平台安装；
4）预埋锚固件；
5）混凝土的硬化和防潮处理；
6）锚固板9的固定安装，外保温结构层5的安装，温度传感器和渗漏检测系统安装,次屏蔽层7安装及密封，内保温结构层6的安装，十字固定件的安装，金属薄膜内罐的安装焊接。
所述步骤6）中，锚固板的固定安装，还包括用于固定支撑辅助设备实施的基座。
所述步骤6）中，外保温结构层的安装过程为：先安装不规则部位和非标准尺寸部位。
所述步骤6）中，次屏蔽层的安装及密封须进行气密性测试，不满足要求的部位须进行修补和再测试，至整个次屏蔽层达到气密性要求。
所述步骤6）中，金属薄膜内罐的安装焊接须进行焊缝渗漏测试，不满足要求的部位须进行修补和再测试，至整个金属内罐无渗漏点。
本发明彻底改变了现有低温储罐的结构和安装固定方式，只需要1-2毫米厚的金属内罐，二次底板、热角保护钢板直接取消掉，采用复合膜状结构的次屏蔽层来防护渗漏。采用纵横褶皱设计的低温金属膜，经过应力分析和疲劳实验，在常温到-196℃的温度变化区间，金属膜能通过纵横褶皱的尺寸变化来化解在平面内的尺寸变化。
本实施例的方案，相比较于传统的金属内罐、二次底板和热角保护，材料大大的节约，制造成本可节约10%以上，而使用效果和安全性明显提升。并且整个系统单元均可以采用工厂模块化加工，进行现场拼接，施工效率极高。
本说明书的实施例所述的内容仅仅是对发明构思的实现形式的列举，仅作说明用途。本发明的保护范围不应当被视为仅限于本实施例所陈述的具体形式，本发明的保护范围也及于本领域的普通技术人员根据本发明构思所能想到的等同技术手段。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种低温存储装置，包括金属内罐、外罐、吊顶和保温结构，所述保温结构位于内罐与外罐之间，其特征在于：在罐底和罐壁采用锚固板、外保温结构层、内保温结构层及褶皱金属薄膜内罐结构，内外保温结构层之间夹有一层次屏蔽层，在次屏蔽层的下面，安装有气体输送和监测系统，用于低温存储装置的运行防护和监测。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种低温存储装置，其特征在于，锚固板通过锚固件或胶黏剂固定在罐底和罐壁，锚固板的上表面固定有十字固定件，用于固定与之相邻的保温结构层，同时用于固定连接金属内罐。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的一种低温存储装置，其特征在于，所述内外保温结构层间的次屏蔽层，在罐底和罐壁连接形成一个具有气密性能的整体，次屏蔽层为高强度的复合膜结构，次屏蔽层可以和外保温层复合在一起。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的一种低温存储装置，其特征在于，锚固板为双层保温系统结构，两个保温系统层之间夹有一层渗漏防护结构，该渗漏防护结构和次屏蔽层密封连接成一个具有气密性能的整体。
  5. 如权利要求2或4所述的一种低温存储装置，其特征在于，所述的十字固定件为耐低温金属材质，呈“十”字形状，向四边伸展，嵌入与之相邻内保温结构层的凹槽中，内保温结构层为防火隔热材料，或局部填充固定有防火隔热材料，防火隔热材料位于与之接触的金属内罐焊接缝的正下方。
  6. 一种如权利要求1所述的低温存储装置的安装方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    1）外罐和罐底混凝土的检测与修正；
    2）吊顶安装；
    3）罐壁登高作业平台安装；
    4）预埋锚固件；
    5）混凝土的硬化和防潮处理；
    6）锚固板的固定安装，外保温结构层的安装，温度传感器和渗漏检测系统安装,次屏蔽层安装及密封，内保温结构层的安装，十字固定件的安装，金属薄膜内罐的安装焊接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种低温存储装置的安装方法，其特征在于，
    所述步骤6）中，锚固板的固定安装，还包括用于固定支撑辅助设备实施的基座。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的一种低温存储装置的安装方法，其特征在于，所述步骤6）中，外保温结构层的安装过程为：先安装不规则部位和非标准尺寸部位。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的一种低温存储装置的安装方法，其特征在于，所述步骤6）中，次屏蔽层的安装及密封须进行气密性测试，不满足要求的部位须进行修补和再测试，至整个次屏蔽层达到气密性要求。
  10. 如权利要求4所述的一种低温存储装置的安装方法，其特征在于，所述步骤6）中，金属薄膜内罐的安装焊接须进行焊缝渗漏测试，不满足要求的部位须进行修补和再测试，至整个金属内罐无渗漏点。
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