WO2021135166A1 - 一种储能装置以及储能装置的组装方法 - Google Patents

一种储能装置以及储能装置的组装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021135166A1
WO2021135166A1 PCT/CN2020/102571 CN2020102571W WO2021135166A1 WO 2021135166 A1 WO2021135166 A1 WO 2021135166A1 CN 2020102571 W CN2020102571 W CN 2020102571W WO 2021135166 A1 WO2021135166 A1 WO 2021135166A1
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Prior art keywords
terminal
energy storage
storage device
housing
conversion element
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PCT/CN2020/102571
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
童焰
陈志勇
Original Assignee
广东微电新能源有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201922489933.2U external-priority patent/CN211605217U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911397977.0A external-priority patent/CN111129388A/zh
Application filed by 广东微电新能源有限公司 filed Critical 广东微电新能源有限公司
Publication of WO2021135166A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135166A1/zh

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  • the present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, and more specifically, the present invention relates to an energy storage device and an assembly method of the energy storage device.
  • the energy storage device includes, for example, a battery, a capacitor, and the like.
  • a battery which is powered by the battery, so as to realize the normal use of the electronic device.
  • Batteries used in electronic products can be, for example, steel-shell batteries or soft-pack batteries, etc., with various types.
  • a soft pack battery usually includes a winding core and two half-shells that are snapped together, and the winding core is assembled into a space surrounded by the two half-shells.
  • the two tabs of the winding core protrude from the edges of the two half shells for electrical connection, which leads to the problem that the battery is more difficult to seal and bend, and it is easy to cause damage to the packaging film and cause liquid leakage. . It may even affect the overall sealing of the battery, resulting in performance degradation such as waterproof and dustproof. If the cell in the battery has a winding structure and the lead angle of the tab is unstable, it is more difficult to seal the edges and bend, and it is also difficult to realize automated production.
  • the two half-shells are insulated.
  • the half shell is aluminum plastic film.
  • the tabs are also insulated from the two half-shells.
  • the edges of the two half-shells are connected together by hot pressing.
  • the plastic layer on the surface of the aluminum-plastic film is made of thermoplastic material. When heated to a set temperature, the plastic layer on the aluminum-plastic film gains viscosity. Under the action of external pressure, the two edges are bonded together, and the tabs and the two The edges are glued together. Under normal circumstances, the bonded edges protrude outward.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for an energy storage device and an assembling method of the energy storage device.
  • an energy storage device including:
  • An energy conversion element having at least one electrical connection portion provided on the surface thereof;
  • a housing a cavity is formed inside the housing, the housing includes a first half-shell and a second half-shell that are hermetically connected together, the first half-shell and the second half-shell At least one of the bodies includes a recessed structure and an edge portion formed around the edge of the recessed structure extending outward; the recessed structure is provided with the window structure;
  • a terminal the terminal has a sheet-like structure, the edge of at least one surface of the terminal forms a sealed connection with the window structure, and the electrical connection part is in contact with the inner surface of the terminal.
  • a thermal isolation layer is provided between the energy conversion element and the electrical connection part.
  • the housing and the terminal are insulated.
  • the terminal includes a sheet-shaped conductor and a first thermoplastic material layer provided on the edge of at least one surface of the sheet-shaped conductor, and the first thermoplastic material layer forms a sealed connection with the window structure .
  • thermoplastic material layer is provided at a portion of the housing connected to the first thermoplastic material layer, and the first thermoplastic material layer is thermally connected to the second thermoplastic material layer .
  • the second thermoplastic material layer has an extension portion extending into the window opening structure.
  • the upper and lower sides are folded, and the edge portion is folded toward the side wall of the housing.
  • the terminal is connected to a side of the cavity or a side facing away from the cavity of the housing.
  • the energy conversion element includes an energy conversion element body and the electrical connection part mechanically connected to the energy storage element body, or the electrical connection part is a part of the energy storage element body extending on its surface .
  • the energy conversion element is a wound bare cell or a laminated bare cell.
  • a core post is provided inside the energy conversion element, at least a part of the core post is opposite to the electrical connection part, and the electrical connection part is pressed between the terminal and the core post. between.
  • the shell is made of a metal plastic composite film or a plastic material.
  • the energy storage device is a soft pack battery.
  • an assembling method of an energy storage device comprising:
  • An energy conversion element having at least one electrical connection portion provided on the surface thereof;
  • a housing a cavity is formed inside the housing, and a window opening structure is provided on the housing;
  • a terminal the terminal is in a sheet-like structure
  • the assembly method includes:
  • the shell is closed.
  • the electrical connection part is separated from the terminal.
  • the energy storage device there is no need to extend the electrical connection part from the edges of the two half-shells, so that the two half-shells can form a good sealed connection, and the structure is similar to The assembly process of the steel shell battery is simpler than that of the soft pack battery.
  • the internal energy conversion element can be electrically connected to the outside through the terminal and the window opening structure, and at the same time, a sealed connection can also be formed between the terminal and the housing.
  • the internal pressure of the shell increases, the pressure can be relieved at the connection between the terminal and the shell, thereby ensuring the safety of the energy storage device.
  • Its safety performance takes into account the characteristics of the soft pack battery, which is better than the steel shell battery.
  • the technical task to be achieved or the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is never thought of or unexpected by those skilled in the art, so the present invention is a new technical solution.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an energy storage device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural exploded view of an energy storage device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an energy storage device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an energy storage device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an energy storage device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a connection state of a housing and a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a connection state of a housing and a terminal according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an energy storage device may be, for example, a battery or a capacitor.
  • the energy storage device may be a soft pack battery, or of course, it may also be a steel shell battery.
  • the battery may be a primary battery or a secondary battery.
  • the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a variety of different types of electronic equipment, and can be used to supply power to the electronic equipment, so as to realize the normal use of the electronic equipment.
  • An energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, includes an energy conversion element 3, a housing 1 and a terminal 2.
  • the energy conversion element 3 has at least one electrical connection portion 31 provided on the surface thereof.
  • a cavity is formed inside the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 includes a first half-shell 11 and a second half-shell 12 that are hermetically connected together, and at least one of the first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12 includes a recessed structure and Around the edge portion 13 formed by the edge of the recessed structure extending outward; the windowing structure 4 is provided on the recessed structure.
  • the terminal 2 has a sheet-like structure, the edge of at least one surface of the terminal 2 forms a sealed connection with the window structure 4, and the electrical connection portion 31 is in contact with the inner surface of the terminal 2.
  • the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present invention does not require the electrical connection portion 31 on the energy conversion element 3 to be led out from the edges of the first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12, which overcomes the existing problems in the prior art. It is difficult to bend the edges of the battery case.
  • This design also facilitates the formation of a good sealing connection between the first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12, which can improve the waterproof and dustproof performance of the entire housing 1 and avoid adverse effects on the internal energy conversion element 3.
  • a terminal 2 with a sheet structure is designed, and a window structure 4 is provided on the housing 1, so that the terminal 2 can be directly led out of the window structure 4 on the housing 1.
  • the energy conversion element 3 can be electrically connected to the outside through the terminal 2. At the same time, a good sealing connection can be formed between the terminal 2 and the housing 1. When the internal pressure of the housing 1 increases, the pressure can be relieved at the connection between the terminal 2 and the housing 1, thereby ensuring the safety of the energy storage device and avoiding explosion accidents of the energy storage device.
  • the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also perform pressure relief in time under the condition of sealing, so that the energy storage device is safer and more reliable to use.
  • the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a safety performance that takes into account the characteristics of a soft pack battery and is superior to a steel shell battery.
  • a heat isolation layer is further provided between the energy conversion element 3 and the electrical connection portion 31.
  • the heat isolation layer can function to isolate heat.
  • the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31 of the energy conversion element 3 are connected together by welding.
  • the terminal 2 may be exposed from the window structure 4.
  • the design of providing a heat isolation layer between the energy conversion element 3 and the electrical connection portion 31 can effectively prevent the heat generated during welding from being directly conducted to the energy conversion element 3, thereby causing damage to the energy conversion element 3.
  • the energy storage device is, for example, a soft pack battery
  • the energy conversion element 3 is, for example, a battery cell in the battery
  • the electrical connection portion 31 is, for example, a tab or an electrode sheet that is not covered with electrode active material. area.
  • the welding spot or the welding bead penetrates the terminal 2 from the outside of the housing 1.
  • the welding pins are located on the outside of the housing 1 instead of on the side of the recessed structure. In this way, the housing 1 does not need to leave space for welding, for example, laser welding is used for welding.
  • the weld bead or spot gradually spreads inward from the outer surface of the terminal 2 to the electrical connection portion 31, and the two are melted and connected together.
  • the solder joint or bead gradually spreads from the contact surface of the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31 to the surroundings.
  • the solder pins are also located on the outside of the housing 1. The solder pin is in contact with the terminal 2.
  • the current reaches the contact surface. Since there is a gap between the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31 at the contact surface, a resistance can be formed. Under the action of the current, the contact surface gradually melts, and the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31 are connected together.
  • Both of the above-mentioned two welding methods can form an effective connection between the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31.
  • the housing 1 includes a first half-shell 11 and a second half-shell 12, and the first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12 All have open ends.
  • the first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12, for example, can be buckled together with the open ends facing each other and sealedly connected.
  • the first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12 are jointly enclosed to form Containment cavity.
  • the energy conversion element 3 in the energy storage device is accommodated in the accommodation cavity.
  • the first half shell 11 and the second half shell 12 can seal the energy conversion element 3 as a whole, so as to protect the energy conversion element 3, and can play the role of waterproof and dustproof.
  • the energy conversion element 3 is, for example, a bare cell.
  • the energy conversion element 3 may be, but is not limited to, a lithium ion bare cell, a lithium metal bare cell, etc., of course, may also be other types of bare cells known to those skilled in the art.
  • the housing 1 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a cylindrical structure, an elliptical cylindrical structure, or the like. Those skilled in the art can make settings according to actual needs.
  • the upper and lower sides are folded, and the edge portion 13 It is folded toward the side wall of the housing 1.
  • the edge portion 13 is attached to the side wall of the housing 1.
  • the edge portion 13 of the first half-shell 11 and the edge portion 13 of the second half-shell 12 are connected in a sealed manner to form a sealing edge, and a part of the sealing edge is bent toward the first side of the housing 1, and And the other part is bent toward the second side of the housing 1 in a direction opposite to the first side.
  • a part of the sealing edge is bent toward the first side, and another part is bent toward the second side, instead of being bent toward one side as a whole. In this way, the rebounding forces of the bending on both sides can cancel each other, thereby preventing the sealing edge from separating from the side wall of the housing 1.
  • the sealing edge can be evenly attached to the outer surface of the housing 1 without forming wrinkles. So that the energy storage device has the characteristics of flat surface.
  • the sealing edge has a set distance from the outer surface of the housing 1 after bending, instead of being attached to the outer surface.
  • the housing 1 and the terminal 2 are insulated.
  • the housing 1 is made of an insulating plastic material.
  • the aluminum-plastic film or steel-plastic film used in the battery casing generally includes a metal aluminum material layer or a metal steel material layer, and these metal material layers are usually conductive. After the edges of the two half-shells are bent, since the shell itself is conductive, even if it has an insulating layer, it may still cause conduction on the end faces of the two half-shells. When the two half-shells are connected, there may be undesirable phenomena such as electric leakage.
  • the housing 1 includes a metal material layer and an insulating layer covering the inner surface of the metal material layer, and the window structure 4 penetrates the metal material layer and the insulating layer .
  • the housing 1 may be a metal plastic film material, that is, the first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12 are both metal plastic film materials.
  • the metal material layer can be used as a supporting framework to increase the strength of the entire housing 1.
  • the surface of the metal material is relatively dense and the surface gap is small, which can play a good role in dustproof and waterproof, and can effectively prevent the internal energy storage device The electrolyte oozes.
  • the casing 1 is formed by a composite of a metal material layer and an insulating layer. When in use, it is equivalent to providing an insulating film between the electrical connection portion 31 of the energy conversion element 3 and the casing 1, which can be avoided as much as possible. A short circuit has occurred.
  • the window structure 4 penetrates the metal material layer and the insulating layer.
  • This design helps to draw the terminal 2 to the outside of the energy storage device, so that the terminal 2 can be used to electrically connect the energy conversion element 3 to the outside. In this way, the disadvantages caused by the electrical connection portion 31 on the energy conversion element 3 being drawn out from the edges of the first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12 are avoided.
  • the whole is a sheet structure. When using it for electrical connection, only the inner surface of the terminal 2 is connected to the electrical connection portion 31 on the energy conversion element 3, and the edge of the outer surface of the terminal 2 It suffices to form a sealed connection with the window opening structure 4 on the housing 1.
  • the electrical connection portion 31 of the energy conversion element 3 can be electrically connected to the outside through the terminal 2, and when the internal pressure of the energy storage device increases and reaches the preset value, it is easier to connect the terminal 2 and the window
  • the connection of structure 4 breaks its sealed connection for pressure relief.
  • the terminal 2 of the present invention has a sheet-like structure, which includes a sheet-shaped conductor and a first thermoplastic material layer arranged on the edge of at least one surface of the sheet-shaped conductor. Structure 4 forms a sealed connection.
  • the sheet conductor is, for example, a steel plate.
  • the first thermoplastic material layer is made of thermoplastic material. When heated to a set temperature, viscosity can be obtained. Under the action of external pressure, the terminal 2 and the window structure 4 on the housing 1 can be well connected together.
  • the terminal 2 may have a circular sheet structure or a square sheet structure, etc., of course, may also have other structural shapes, and those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust according to needs, and there is no limitation on this.
  • thermoplastic material layer there is a second thermoplastic material layer at a portion of the housing 1 connected to the first thermoplastic material layer, and the first thermoplastic material layer and the second thermoplastic material layer are thermally fused connection.
  • the first thermoplastic material layer and the second thermoplastic material layer are both thermoplastic materials. When heated to a set temperature, they can obtain viscosity. With the effect of external pressure, the terminal 2 and the housing 1 can be more easily formed. Good sealed connection. In this connection mode, in particular, when the internal pressure of the housing 1 increases to a certain level, the sealed connection between the terminal 2 and the housing 1 can be easily broken for the purpose of sealing the connection between the terminal 2 and the housing 1. The pressure is relieved to ensure the safety of the energy storage device.
  • the second thermoplastic material layer has an extension 14 extending into the window structure 4.
  • the extension 14 can be used to properly isolate the housing 1 and the terminal 2.
  • the casing 1 is a metal-plastic composite film
  • the metal material layer of the casing 1 and the terminal 2 can be prevented from forming a connection, so as to reduce the probability of a short circuit.
  • the terminal 2 is connected to the cavity side of the housing 1 or the side opposite to the cavity. In order to facilitate the connection between the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31 on the energy conversion element 3 as much as possible. Those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust according to specific needs, and there is no restriction on this.
  • bumps are provided on the inner surface of the terminal 2 and/or the contact portion of the electrical connection portion 31.
  • a plurality of bumps are provided on the inner surface of the terminal 2, and the plurality of bumps are distributed in a matrix.
  • the bumps first contact the electrical connection portion 31. Due to atmospheric pressure, pits are formed on the electrical connection portion 31.
  • the matching of the bumps and the recesses can effectively prevent the terminal 2 from moving relative to the electrical connection portion 31. This method is equivalent to directly contacting the terminal 2 with the electrical connection portion 31 on the energy conversion element 3, and the contact connection method is relatively simple.
  • the bumps can increase the contact area of the two, and the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31 are in contact with each other in space, not only in the plane. This makes the electrical connection between the two more stable.
  • the energy conversion element 3 of the present invention includes an energy conversion element body and the electrical connection part 31 mechanically connected to the energy storage element body, or the electrical connection part 31 is the energy storage element.
  • the electrical connection portion 31 is electrically connected to the outside through the terminal 2, so there is no need to lead the electrical connection portion 31 out from the edge of the first half-shell 11 and/or the second half-shell 12, which overcomes the problem. There are technical flaws.
  • the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be, for example, a soft pack battery, in which the energy conversion element 3 is a battery cell, which may be a wound-type bare cell, of course, it may also be a laminated bare cell, which is not limited. .
  • the wound type bare cell is a whole piece of electrode sheet (for example, the electrode sheet includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet) wound into a spiral structure.
  • the laminated bare cell, that is, the electrode sheet is divided into a plurality of sheets, and the plurality of sheets are laminated together.
  • a core post 32 is also provided inside the energy conversion element 3. At least part of the core post 32 is opposite to the electrical connection portion 31 (for example, a tab).
  • the connecting portion 31 is compressed between the terminal 2 and the stem 32. Setting the core post 32 in the middle of the energy conversion element 3 can further strengthen the holding force between the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31 on the energy conversion element 3, so as to achieve better contact between the two and at the same time.
  • the electrical connection part 31 is not damaged by up and down pressure to protect the electrical connection part 31.
  • the core post 32 is an insulating material, for example, the material is plastic, ceramic, glass, or the like.
  • the shape of the core column 32 is a column, a square column, an elliptical column, a polygonal column, and the like.
  • the energy conversion element 3 is arranged around the stem 32.
  • Electrical connection parts 31 are provided at both ends of the energy conversion element 3 in the axial direction.
  • the two electrical connection portions 31 abut against the two ends of the stem 32 respectively.
  • the stem 32 can press the electrical connection part 3 together with the terminal 2 so that the electrical connection part 3 and the terminal 2 can be in good contact and conduction.
  • the energy conversion element 3 has a laminated structure.
  • the stem 32 is perpendicular to the surface of each layer.
  • a core post 32 penetrating each layer is provided in the middle of the energy conversion element 3.
  • the stem 32 can also play a role in supporting the electrical connection portion 31.
  • the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be, for example, a soft pack battery, or of course, a steel shell battery.
  • the energy storage device can be used in a variety of electronic equipment.
  • the electronic device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a notebook computer, a game console, a walkie-talkie, a headset, an e-book reader, etc.
  • the above-mentioned electronic equipment includes an electronic equipment housing and an energy storage device.
  • a PCB is provided in the housing of the electronic device.
  • the energy storage device is arranged in the electronic housing, and is electrically connected to the electrical equipment in the electronic equipment through the PCB, so as to supply power to the electrical equipment so that the electronic equipment can be used normally.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides an assembling method of the energy storage device.
  • the energy storage device includes an energy conversion element 3, a housing 1 and a terminal 2.
  • the energy conversion element 3 has at least one electrical connection portion 31 provided on the surface thereof.
  • a cavity is formed inside the housing 1, and a window opening structure 4 is provided on the housing 1.
  • the terminal 2 has a sheet structure.
  • the assembling method of the energy storage device includes at least the following steps:
  • the edge of at least one surface of the terminal 2 is in a sealed connection with the window opening structure 4.
  • the energy conversion element 3 is placed in the cavity of the housing 1.
  • Vacuum processing is performed on the inside of the housing 1, and the terminal 2 is pressed by atmospheric pressure, so that the terminal 2 is in contact with the electrical connection portion 31 of the energy conversion element 3.
  • the housing 1 is then closed to form an energy storage device.
  • the cavity is evacuated, and the terminal 2 is pressed against the electrical connection portion 31 of the energy conversion element 3 by using atmospheric pressure.
  • the air pressure in the cavity is less than atmospheric pressure.
  • the terminal 2 gradually approaches the electrical connection portion 31, and finally comes into contact with the electrical connection portion 31 and fits closely together.
  • the energy conversion element 3 is electrically connected to an external circuit through the electrical connection portion 31 and the terminal 2.
  • the terminal 2 by evacuating the cavity, the terminal 2 is brought into contact with the electrical connection portion 31 of the energy conversion element 3 using atmospheric pressure. As opposed to using welding to connect the two. In this way, the internal energy conversion element 3 will not be affected by high temperature, thereby maintaining good energy conversion performance.
  • the inside of the casing 1 will gradually expand due to the effect of the internal pressure.
  • the terminal 2 can gradually move away from the energy conversion element 3 until it is separated from the electrical connection part 31. In this way, an open circuit is formed between the terminal 2 and the electrical connection portion 31, and charging and discharging are stopped. In this way, the explosion of the energy storage device can be effectively avoided, and the safety of the use of the energy storage device can be ensured.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种储能装置以及储能装置的组装方法。储能装置包括能量转换元件，壳体和端子；能量转换元件具有设置在其表面的至少一个电连接部；壳体内部形成腔体，壳体包括密封连接在一起的第一半壳体和第二半壳体，第一半壳体和第二半壳体中的至少一个包括凹陷结构和围绕由凹陷结构的边缘向外延伸形成的边缘部；凹陷结构上设有开窗结构；端子呈片状结构，端子的至少一个表面的边缘与开窗结构形成密封连接，电连接部与端子的内表面接触。本发明的一个技术效果为通过端子实现能量转换元件与外部电连接，电池兼顾软包与钢壳的特点，工艺简单安全性能高，端子与壳体间形成密封连接，当壳体内压增高时，能在端子与外壳连接处泄压，从而提高安全性能。

Description

一种储能装置以及储能装置的组装方法 技术领域
本发明涉及储能器件技术领域，更具体地，本发明涉及一种储能装置以及储能装置的组装方法。
背景技术
储能装置例如包括有电池、电容器等。在电子产品中通常需要设置电池，由电池进行供电，以实现电子设备的正常使用。用于电子产品中的电池例如可以为钢壳电池或者软包电池等，种类多样。
软包电池通常包括卷芯和扣合在一起的两个半壳体，卷芯被组装到两个半壳体包围的空间内。卷芯的两个极耳从两个半壳体的边缘处向外伸出用以进行电连接，这就导致电池存在封边弯折较困难的问题，容易导致包装膜破损而产生漏液现象。甚至还可能会影响到电池的整体密封性，导致防水、防尘等性能下降。若电池内的电芯为卷绕式结构，极耳引出角度不稳定，则更不易封边弯折，也难以实现自动化生产。极耳弯折后再进行热封处理，增加了封口难度，还有可能会影响到电池空间利用率，降低电池能量密度。两个半壳体之间是绝缘的。例如，半壳体为铝塑膜。极耳与两个半壳体之间也是绝缘的。两个半壳体的边缘通过热压的方式连接在一起。铝塑膜表面的塑料层为热塑性材料，在加热至设定温度时，铝塑膜上的塑料层获得粘性，在外部压力的作用下，两个边缘粘结在一起，且极耳与两个边缘粘结在一起。在通常情况下，粘结在一起的边缘朝外伸出，这种方式使得储能装置的尺寸大，不利于装配到其他设备上，工艺复杂。钢壳电池虽然制造加工简单，但是安全性能始终存在隐患，尽管添加有防爆的技术，目前市面上钢壳纽扣电池主要通过钢壳相对位移使得密封位置被打开而泄压，但是用户实际使用时，电池通常被安装在一个密闭空间，使得钢壳 无法相互分离，无法实现防爆功能。
此外，在现有技术中，由于电池设计或者制造的缺陷，当非正常使用或过度充电时，很有可能会导致电池着火，更严重的会引发电池爆炸事故。基于对电池安全性的考虑，固需要在电池内部压力过大时电池壳体能破坏自身的密封性，以便于及时泄压。然而，现有一些电池当其整体密封后，电池壳体的各个部位的结构强度相近，很容易造成泄压失败，特别是用户使用环境中，电池被限制在一定的空间范围内，一些需要严重通过变形才可以开启的安全装置会导致防爆失效，电池壳体内部积压能量较多，容易引发危险，影响电池使用的安全性。
因此，很有必要提供一种新的技术方案，以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种储能装置以及储能装置的组装方法的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种储能装置，包括：
能量转换元件，所述能量转换元件具有设置在其表面的至少一个电连接部；
壳体，在所述壳体的内部形成腔体，所述壳体包括密封连接在一起的第一半壳体和第二半壳体，所述第一半壳体和所述第二半壳体中的至少一个包括凹陷结构和围绕由所述凹陷结构的边缘向外延伸形成的边缘部；在所述凹陷结构上设置有所述开窗结构；
端子，所述端子呈片状结构，所述端子的至少一个表面的边缘与所述开窗结构形成密封连接，所述电连接部与所述端子的内表面接触。
可选地，在所述能量转换元件与所述电连接部之间设置有热量隔离层。
可选地，所述壳体与所述端子是绝缘的。
可选地，所述端子包括片状导体和设置在所述片状导体的至少一个表面的边缘的第一热塑材料层，所述第一热塑材料层与所述开窗结构形成 密封连接。
可选地，在所述壳体的与所述第一热塑材料层连接的部位具有第二热塑材料层，所述第一热塑材料层与所述第二热塑材料层热熔连接。
可选地，所述第二热塑材料层具有向所述开窗结构内延伸的延伸部。
可选地，在所述第一半壳体和所述第二半壳体密封连接后，上下两侧折，所述边缘部被折向所述壳体的侧壁。
可选地，所述端子连接在所述壳体的所述腔体一侧或者与所述腔体向背的一侧。
可选地，所述能量转换元件包括能量转换元件本体和与所述储能元件本体机械连接的所述电连接部，或者所述电连接部为所述储能元件本体在其表面延伸的部分。
可选地，所述能量转换元件为卷绕式裸电芯或者叠片式裸电芯。
可选地，在所述能量转换元件的内部设置有芯柱，所述芯柱的至少局部与所述电连接部相对，所述电连接部被压紧在所述端子和所述芯柱之间。
可选地，所述壳体为金属塑料复合膜或者塑料材质。
可选地，所述储能装置为软包电池。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种储能装置的组装方法，所述储能装置包括：
能量转换元件，所述能量转换元件具有设置在其表面的至少一个电连接部；
壳体，在所述壳体的内部形成腔体，在所述壳体上设置有开窗结构；以及
端子，所述端子呈片状结构；
所述组装方法包括：
将所述端子的至少一个表面的边缘与所述开窗结构形成密封连接；
将所述能量转换元件放置到所述腔体内；
对所述壳体抽真空，利用大气压力挤压所述端子，以使所述端子与 所述电连接部接触；以及
将所述壳体进行封闭。
可选地，在所述腔体内的气压高于大气压强时，所述电连接部与所述端子分离。
根据本公开的一个实施例，在所述储能装置中，无需将电连接部从两个半壳体的边缘处向外伸出，便于两个半壳体形成良好的密封连接，结构类似于钢壳电池，装配工艺较软包电池简单。其中，通过端子和开窗结构能将内部的能量转换元件与外部实现电连接，同时端子与壳体之间也可以形成密封连接。当壳体内压增高时，能在端子与壳体的连接处进行泄压，从而保证了储能装置的使用安全性，其安全性能兼顾软包电池特性，优于钢壳电池。本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，故本发明是一种新的技术方案。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据本公开一个实施例提供的储能装置的立体图。
图2是根据本公开一个实施例提供的储能装置的结构分解图。
图3是根据本公开一个实施例提供的储能装置的外部结构示意图。
图4是根据本公开另一个实施例提供的储能装置的外部结构示意图。
图5是根据本公开又一个实施例提供的储能装置的外部结构示意图。
图6是根据本公开一个实施例提供的储能装置的剖视图。
图7是根据本公开一个实施例提供的壳体与端子连接状态示意图。
图8是根据本公开另一个实施例提供的壳体与端子连接状态示意 图。
附图标记说明：
1-壳体，11-第一半壳体，12-第二半壳体，13-边缘部，14-延伸部，2-端子，3-能量转换元件，31-电连接部，32-芯柱，4-开窗结构。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
根据本公开的一个实施例，提供了一种储能装置。该储能装置例如可以为电池或者电容器等。当储能装置为电池时，例如可以为软包电池，当然也可以为钢壳电池等。电池可以为一次电池或者二次电池。本发明实施例提供的储能装置可以应用在多种不同类型的电子设备中，能够用于为电子设备供电，以实现电子设备的正常使用。
本发明实施例提供的一种储能装置，如图1-图5所示，其包括有能量转换元件3，壳体1以及端子2。其中，所述能量转换元件3具有设置在其表面的至少一个电连接部31。在所述壳体1的内部形成腔体。所述 壳体1包括密封连接在一起的第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12，所述第一半壳体11和所述第二半壳体12中的至少一个包括凹陷结构和围绕由所述凹陷结构的边缘向外延伸形成的边缘部13；在所述凹陷结构上设置有所述开窗结构4。所述端子2呈片状结构，所述端子2的至少一个表面的边缘与所述开窗结构4形成密封连接，所述电连接部31与所述端子2的内表面接触。
本发明实施例提供的储能装置，无需将能量转换元件3上的电连接部31从第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12的边缘向外引出，克服了现有技术中存在的电池壳体封边弯折较为困难的问题。该设计也便于第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12之间形成良好的密封连接，可以提高整个壳体1的防水、防尘性能，避免对内部的能量转换元件3造成不良影响。本发明中，通过特殊的结构改良，设计了呈片状结构的端子2，同时在壳体1上设置了开窗结构4，可以将端子2直接从壳体1上的开窗结构4中引出，通过端子2可以将能量转换元件3与外部实现电连接。与此同时，端子2与壳体1之间也能够形成良好的密封连接。当壳体1的内压增高时，能够在端子2与壳体1的连接处进行泄压，从而保证了储能装置使用的安全性，避免储能装置发生爆炸事故。本发明实施例提供的储能装置，在满足密封的条件下，还能及时进行泄压，使储能装置使用起来更加安全、可靠。本发明实施例提供的储能装置，其安全性能兼顾软包电池特性，优于钢壳电池。
本发明实施例提供的储能装置，在所述能量转换元件3与所述电连接部31之间还设置有热量隔离层。所述热量隔离层能够起到隔离热量的作用。
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，所述端子2与所述能量转换元件3的电连接部31之间是通过焊接的方式连接在一起的。所述端子2可以从所述开窗结构4中露出。在所述能量转换元件3与所述电连接部31之间设置热量隔离层的设计，能有效地防止焊接时产生的热量直接传导至能量转换元件3，从而对能量转换元件3造成损伤。在本实施方式中，储能装置例如为软包电池，则所述能量转换元件3例如为电池内的电芯，所述 电连接部31例如为极耳或者电极片的未覆盖电极活性材料的区域。
其中，在将端子2与能量转换元件3的电连接部31进行焊接时，焊点或者焊道是从壳体1的外侧穿过端子2。在施焊时，焊针位于壳体1的外侧而不是位于凹陷结构一侧。这样，壳体1不需要为焊接留出空间，例如，采用激光焊接的方式进行焊接。焊道或者焊点从端子2的外表面逐渐向内扩散至电连接部31，二者熔化并连接在一起。
也可以是，在将端子2与能量转换元件3的电连接部31进行焊接时，焊点或者焊道由端子2与电连接部31的接触面处向周围逐渐扩散。在该例子中，焊针同样位于壳体1的外侧。焊针与端子2相抵。在施焊时，电流到达接触面处。由于接触面处端子2与电连接部31之间存在缝隙，故能够形成电阻。在电流的作用下接触面逐渐熔化，并使得端子2与电连接部31连接在一起。
上述两种焊接方式均能使端子2与电连接部31形成有效的连接。
本发明实施例提供的储能装置，如图2所示，所述壳体1包括第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12，且第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12均具有开口端。第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12例如可以以开口端相对的形式扣合在一起并密封连接，此时由第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12共同围合形成了收容腔。储能装置内的能量转换元件3被收容设置在该收容腔内。第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12可以将能量转换元件3整体密封起来，用以对能量转换元件3进行保护，能起到防水、防尘的作用。
其中，所述能量转换元件3例如为裸电芯。具体地，所述能量转换元件3可以是但不局限于锂离子裸电芯、锂金属裸电芯等，当然也可以是本领域技术人员熟知的其它类型的裸电芯。
其中，所述壳体1例如呈长方体结构、圆柱体结构、椭圆柱体结构等。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图4-图6所示，在所述第一半壳体11和所述第二半壳体12密封连接后，上下两侧折，所述边缘部13被折向所述壳体1的侧壁。边缘部13贴合在壳体1的侧壁上。该设计可用以减小 整个壳体1的体积，以便于对储能装置进行收纳。同时，也便于将储能装置安装到电子设备等产品中，能减小装配时所占用的空间。
所述第一半壳体11的边缘部13与所述第二半壳体12的边缘部13密封连接，以形成密封边缘，所述密封边缘的一部分向壳体1的第一侧弯折，并且另一部分向与所述第一侧相反的方向向所述壳体1的第二侧弯折。
例如，密封边缘的一部分朝向第一侧弯折，另一部分朝向第二侧弯折，而不是整体朝一侧弯折。通过这种方式，两侧弯折的反弹力能相互抵消，从而防止密封边缘脱离壳体1的侧壁。
此外，与一侧弯折相比，两侧弯折使得密封边缘的周向距离更大，并且密封边缘的一部分是重叠的。这样，在弯折后，密封边缘能均匀地贴合在壳体1的外表面上，而不会形成褶皱。以使该储能装置具有表面平整的特点。
在其他示例中，密封边缘在弯折后与壳体1的外表面具有设定距离，而不是贴合在外表面上。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述壳体1与所述端子2是绝缘的。例如，壳体1采用绝缘的塑料材料制成。这是因为：在现有技术中，电池的壳体所采用的铝塑膜或者钢塑膜一般包括金属铝材料层或者金属钢材料层，这些金属材料层通常是可以导电的，当组成壳体的两个半壳体的边缘部被弯折后，由于壳体本身是导电的，即使其还具有绝缘层，仍然有可能会造成两个半壳体的端面上出现导电的现象，此时当将两个半壳体形成连接时，就有可能会出现漏电等不良现象。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述壳体1包括金属材料层和覆盖在所述金属材料层的内表面的绝缘层，所述开窗结构4贯穿所述金属材料层和所述绝缘层。例如，所述壳体1可以为金属塑膜材料，即第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12均为金属塑膜材料。例如，铝塑膜材料或者钢塑膜材料等。本领域技术人员可以根据具体需要灵活进行调整，对此不作限制。其中，金属材料层可以作为支撑骨架，可以提高整个壳体1的强度，而且金 属材料表面比较致密，表面空隙较小，能起到良好的防尘、防水作用，还能有效防止储能装置内部的电解液渗出。本发明中，所述壳体1为由金属材料层和绝缘层复合形成的，在使用时相当于在能量转换元件3的电连接部31与壳体1之间设置了绝缘膜，可以尽量避免发生短路现象。
所述开窗结构4贯穿所述金属材料层和所述绝缘层，该设计有助于向储能装置的外部引出端子2，从而能利用端子2将能量转换元件3与外部实现电连接。这样就避免了将能量转换元件3上的电连接部31从第一半壳体11和第二半壳体12的边缘向外引出而带来的弊端。对于端子2而言，其整体呈片状结构，在利用它进行电连接时，只需将端子2的内表面与能量转换元件3上的电连接部31相连，将端子2的外表面的边缘与壳体1上的开窗结构4形成密封连接即可。此时，即能使能量转换元件3的电连接部31通过端子2与外部进行电连接，而且当储能装置内部压力增大并达到预设值时，可以较为容易的在端子2与开窗结构4连接处破坏其密封连接，用以进行泄压。
本发明的端子2呈片状结构，其包括片状导体和设置在所述片状导体的至少一个表面的边缘的第一热塑材料层，所述第一热塑材料层与所述开窗结构4形成密封连接。其中，片状导体例如为钢板。第一热塑材料层为热塑性材料，在加热至设定温度时，可以获得粘性，配合外部压力的作用下，可以使端子2与壳体1上的开窗结构4良好的连接在一起。
需要说明的是，端子2例如可以呈圆形片状结构或者方形片状结构等，当然也可以是其它的结构形状，本领域技术人员可以根据需要灵活进行调整，对此不作限制。
可选地，在所述壳体1的与所述第一热塑材料层连接的部位具有第二热塑材料层，所述第一热塑材料层与所述第二热塑材料层热熔连接。第一热塑材料层和第二热塑材料层均为热塑性材料，在加热至设定温度时，均可以获得粘性，再配合外部压力的作用，能够使端子2与壳体1之间形成更好的密封连接。在该连接方式下，特别地，当壳体1内压增高到一定程度时，能较为容易的破坏端子2与壳体1的密封连接处，用以在端子2 与壳体1的密封连接处进行泄压，从而保证了储能装置的使用安全性。
可选地，如图7和图8所示，所述第二热塑材料层具有向所述开窗结构4内延伸的延伸部14。所述延伸部14可用于适当的隔离壳体1与端子2。当壳体1为金属塑料复合膜时，可以防止壳体1的金属材料层与端子2之间形成连接，用以降低发生短路的几率。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述端子2连接在所述壳体1的所述腔体一侧或者与所述腔体相背的一侧。以尽量方便端子2与能量转换元件3上的电连接部31连接。本领域技术人员可以根据具体需要灵活调整，对此不作限制。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在所述端子2的内表面和/或所述电连接部31的用于接触的部位设置有凸点。例如，在所述端子2的内表面设置有多个凸点，多个凸点呈矩阵分布。在进行抽真空时，凸点首先与电连接部31接触。由于大气压力的作用，故电连接部31上形成凹坑。凸点与凹坑相配合，能够有效地防止端子2相对于电连接部31发生移动。该方式相当于将端子2与能量转换元件3上的电连接部31直接接触，接触式连接方式比较简单。此外，在端子2和电连接部31压合完全时，凸点能够增大二者的接触面积，并且端子2和电连接部31在空间上形成接触，而不仅仅在平面内的接触。这使得二者的电连接更稳定。
本发明的能量转换元件3，如图2所示，包括有能量转换元件本体和与所述储能元件本体机械连接的所述电连接部31，或者所述电连接部31为所述储能元件本体在其表面延伸的部分。在本发明中，电连接部31通过端子2与外部实现电连接，故无需将电连接部31从第一半壳体11和/或第二半壳体12的边缘向外引出，克服了现有技术中的缺陷。
本发明实施例提供的储能装置例如可以为软包电池，其中的能量转换元件3为电芯，其可以为卷绕式裸电芯，当然也可以叠片式裸电芯，对此不作限制。卷绕式裸电芯即整片的电极片(例如，电极片包括正极片、负极片和位于正极片和负极片之间的隔离膜)卷绕成螺旋结构。叠片式裸电芯即电极片被分割为多个片材，多个片材层叠在一起。
如图5和图6所示，在所述能量转换元件3的内部还设置有芯柱32，所述芯柱32的至少局部与所述电连接部31(例如极耳)相对，所述电连接部31被压紧在所述端子2和所述芯柱32之间。在所述能量转换元件3中部位置设置所述芯柱32，能进一步加强端子2与能量转换元件3上的电连接部31之间的顶持力，从而实现二者更良好的接触，同时可以使电连接部31不受上下压力损伤，以保护电连接部31。
例如，芯柱32为绝缘材料，例如其材质为塑料、陶瓷、玻璃等。芯柱32的形状为圆柱、方形柱、椭圆形柱、多棱柱等。
例如，能量转换元件3绕设在芯柱32外。在能量转换元件3的轴向的两端设置有电连接部31。两个电连接部31分别与芯柱32的两端相抵。在抽真空时，芯柱32能够与端子2一起挤压电连接部3，从而使得电连接部3与端子2能够良好的接触导通。
而在其他示例中，能量转换元件3为叠片结构。芯柱32垂直于每层的表面。在该能量转换元件3的中部设置有贯穿各层的芯柱32。该芯柱32同样能起到支撑电连接部31的作用。
本发明实施例提供的储能装置例如可以为软包电池，当然可以为钢壳电池等。该储能装置可以应用在多种电子设备中。例如，该电子设备可以是但不局限于手机、平板电脑、智能手表、笔记本电脑、游戏机、对讲机、耳机、电子书阅读器等。
上述的电子设备包括电子设备外壳和储能装置。
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，在电子设备外壳内设置有PCB。储能装置被设置在电子外壳内，并通过PCB与电子设备内的用电设备电连接，用以对用电设备进行供电，以使电子设备可以正常使用。
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种储能装置的组装方法。
其中，所述储能装置包括能量转换元件3，壳体1以及端子2。所述能量转换元件3具有设置在其表面的至少一个电连接部31。在所述壳体1的内部形成腔体，在所述壳体1上设置有开窗结构4。所述端子2呈片状结构。
所述储能装置的组装方法，至少包括以下步骤：
将所述端子2的至少一个表面的边缘与所述开窗结构4形成密封连接。
将所述能量转换元件3放置到所述壳体1的腔体内。
对所述壳体1内进行抽真空处理，利用大气压力挤压所述端子2，以使所述端子2与所述能量转换元件3的电连接部31接触。
再将所述壳体1进行封闭，以形成储能装置。
本发明实施例提供的储能装置的组装方法，对所述腔体进行抽真空，利用大气压力将所述端子2压紧在所述能量转换元件3的电连接部31上。在抽真空时，腔体内的气压小于大气压强。在大气压力的作用下壳体1的局部发生形变。端子2逐渐靠近电连接部31，最终与电连接部31相接触，并紧密贴合在一起。在进行充、放电时，能量转换元件3通过电连接部31、端子2与外部电路进行导通。
在本公开实施例中，通过对腔体进行抽真空，利用大气压力将端子2与能量转换元件3的电连接部31接触。相对于采用焊接的方式将二者连接。通过这种方式，内部的能量转换元件3不会受到高温的影响，从而保持良好的能量转换性能。
此外，当壳体1的腔体内部出现气体时，例如，内部的气压大于大气压强时，由于内部气压的作用，故壳体1内部会逐渐膨胀。端子2可以逐渐远离能量转换元件3，直至与电连接部31分离。这样，端子2与电连接部31之间形成断路，停止进行充、放电。通过这种方式，能有效地避免储能装置发生爆炸，保证了储能装置使用的安全性。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种储能装置，其特征在于：包括：
    能量转换元件，所述能量转换元件具有设置在其表面的至少一个电连接部；
    壳体，在所述壳体的内部形成腔体，所述壳体包括密封连接在一起的第一半壳体和第二半壳体，所述第一半壳体和所述第二半壳体中的至少一个包括凹陷结构和围绕由所述凹陷结构的边缘向外延伸形成的边缘部；在所述凹陷结构上设置有所述开窗结构；
    端子，所述端子呈片状结构，所述端子的至少一个表面的边缘与所述开窗结构形成密封连接，所述电连接部与所述端子的内表面接触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的储能装置，其特征在于：在所述能量转换元件与所述电连接部之间设置有热量隔离层。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：所述壳体与所述端子是绝缘的。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：所述端子包括片状导体和设置在所述片状导体的至少一个表面的边缘的第一热塑材料层，所述第一热塑材料层与所述开窗结构形成密封连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：在所述壳体的与所述第一热塑材料层连接的部位具有第二热塑材料层，所述第一热塑材料层与所述第二热塑材料层热熔连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：所述第二热塑材料层具有向所述开窗结构内延伸的延伸部。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：在所述第一半壳体和所述第二半壳体密封连接后，上下两侧折，所述边缘部被折向所述壳体的侧壁。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：所述端子连接在所述壳体的所述腔体一侧或者与所述腔体相背的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：所述能量转换元件包括能量转换元件本体和与所述储能元件本体机械连接的所述电连接部，或者所述电连接部为所述储能元件本体在其表面延伸的部分。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：所述能量转换元件为卷绕式裸电芯或者叠片式裸电芯。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：在所述能量转换元件的内部设置有芯柱，所述芯柱的至少局部与所述电连接部相对，所述电连接部被压紧在所述端子和所述芯柱之间。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：所述壳体为金属塑料复合膜或者塑料材质。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中的任意一项所述的储能装置，其特征在于：所述储能装置为软包电池。
  14. 一种储能装置的组装方法，其特征在于：所述储能装置包括：
    能量转换元件，所述能量转换元件具有设置在其表面的至少一个电 连接部；
    壳体，在所述壳体的内部形成腔体，在所述壳体上设置有开窗结构；以及
    端子，所述端子呈片状结构；
    所述组装方法包括：
    将所述端子的至少一个表面的边缘与所述开窗结构形成密封连接；
    将所述能量转换元件放置到所述腔体内；
    对所述壳体抽真空，利用大气压力挤压所述端子，以使所述端子与所述电连接部接触；以及
    将所述壳体进行封闭。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的组装方法，其特征在于：在所述腔体内的气压高于大气压强时，所述电连接部与所述端子分离。
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