WO2021135127A1 - 制备(2s,3s)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法 - Google Patents

制备(2s,3s)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法 Download PDF

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WO2021135127A1
WO2021135127A1 PCT/CN2020/099360 CN2020099360W WO2021135127A1 WO 2021135127 A1 WO2021135127 A1 WO 2021135127A1 CN 2020099360 W CN2020099360 W CN 2020099360W WO 2021135127 A1 WO2021135127 A1 WO 2021135127A1
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bicyclo
octane
group
carboxylate
amino
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PCT/CN2020/099360
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French (fr)
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周章涛
黄志宁
叶伟平
费安杰
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广东莱佛士制药技术有限公司
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Priority to EP20911028.7A priority Critical patent/EP3904333A4/en
Priority to US17/262,079 priority patent/US20220033344A1/en
Publication of WO2021135127A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135127A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C227/00Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C227/14Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof
    • C07C227/18Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof by reactions involving amino or carboxyl groups, e.g. hydrolysis of esters or amides, by formation of halides, salts or esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C227/00Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C227/04Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups
    • C07C227/06Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups by addition or substitution reactions, without increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of the acid
    • C07C227/08Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups by addition or substitution reactions, without increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of the acid by reaction of ammonia or amines with acids containing functional groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C227/00Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C227/14Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof
    • C07C227/16Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof by reactions not involving the amino or carboxyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C227/00Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C227/30Preparation of optical isomers
    • C07C227/32Preparation of optical isomers by stereospecific synthesis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C229/00Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C229/46Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino or carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C229/50Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino or carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton with amino groups and carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms being part of the same condensed ring system
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/07Optical isomers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2602/00Systems containing two condensed rings
    • C07C2602/36Systems containing two condensed rings the rings having more than two atoms in common
    • C07C2602/44Systems containing two condensed rings the rings having more than two atoms in common the bicyclo ring system containing eight carbon atoms
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of organic chemical synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, and specifically relates to the use of independently designed and innovative intermediates to synthesize and industrialize (2S,3S)-3-amino-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2 -New method of formate.
  • (2S,3S)-3-amino-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2-carboxylate is a class of chiral small molecules that are difficult to synthesize. This chiral fragment is widely used in the production of a class of influenza virus RNA polymerase inhibitors. The most representative one is pimodivir developed by Vertex in the United States, which has entered the phase III clinical research phase. The target of this class of drugs is novel and has a milestone significance for solving influenza virus resistance.
  • Route one is shown in the following patent report route one.
  • This route takes cyclohexadiene as the starting material, and undergoes Diels-Alder reaction with maleic anhydride, and further selects alcoholysis under the action of quinoline to obtain cis-carboxylate. Under strong alkaline conditions, the configuration of the ester group is reversed, and finally Curtius rearrangement is performed with diphenyl azide phosphate to debenzyloxycarbonyl to obtain the target product.
  • the starting materials are relatively cheap, the main disadvantages of this route include:
  • Route two is shown in the following patent report route two. This route takes cyclohexadiene as the starting material and undergoes Diels-Alder reaction with ethyl propiolate. After further hydrogenation and selective reduction of double bonds, it undergoes Michael addition reaction with chiral amino anions at low temperature ( Michael addition reaction), and finally remove the two protecting groups to obtain the target compound.
  • This route also has many shortcomings.
  • Route three is shown in the following patent report route three.
  • This route uses ethyl glyoxylate as the starting material, undergoes Henry reaction with nitromethane under alkaline conditions, and obtains ethyl nitroacrylate through elimination reaction. Under the catalysis of a chiral auxiliary, it reacts with nitromethane. Cyclohexadiene undergoes Diels-Alder reaction and is further hydrogenated to obtain the target product.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing (2S,3S)-3-amino-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2-carboxylate through two independently designed and innovative intermediates. This method uses a chiral reductive amination strategy and has achieved excellent results.
  • This article provides a method for preparing (2S,3S)-3-amino-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2-carboxylate, the method comprising: using 3-carbonyl-bicyclo[2.2.2] Octane-2-carboxylate is used as the raw material. After reductive amination, the configuration of the ester group is reversed, and the protective group is removed to obtain the (2S,3S)-3-amino-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane- 2-formate, the reaction process is shown in the following synthetic route,
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, phenyl or benzyl;
  • X is methyl, ethyl, phenyl or 1-naphthyl ;
  • Y is methyl, ethyl, phenyl or 1-naphthyl;
  • X and Y are not the same and the X group is greater than the Y group.
  • the X group is greater than the Y group, which means that the mass of the X group is greater than the mass of the Y group, or the relative molecular weight of the X group is greater than the relative molecular weight of the Y group.
  • X is preferably a phenyl group
  • Y is preferably a methyl group
  • R is preferably an ethyl group.
  • the metal catalyst for hydrogenation reduction includes one of platinum carbon, platinum dioxide, and metal ruthenium catalyst;
  • the reduction reagent reduction includes sodium borohydride, triacetoxyborohydride One of sodium, sodium cyanoborohydride, and sodium trifluoroacetoxyborohydride.
  • the metal catalytic hydrogenation is performed using a metal catalyst
  • the metal catalyst includes at least one of platinum carbon, platinum dioxide, and metal ruthenium catalyst
  • the reducing agent includes At least one of sodium borohydride, sodium triacetoxyborohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium trifluoroacetoxyborohydride; preferably, in order to further improve the selectivity of the reaction, the metal catalyst is dioxide Platinum; the reducing agent is sodium triacetoxyborohydride.
  • the strong base includes sodium tert-butoxide, sodium tert-amyloxide, lithium diisopropylamide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, bis(trimethylsilyl) ) At least one of sodium amide and potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide; preferably, considering the price and availability of materials, the strong base is sodium tert-butoxide.
  • the acid is an organic acid or an inorganic acid; preferably, the acid is a strong organic acid; further preferably, the acid includes p-toluenesulfonic acid or trimethylbenzene Fluoroacetic acid.
  • a compound represented by the following formula V wherein said R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, phenyl or benzyl, preferably ethyl; and said X is methyl, ethyl, phenyl Or 1-naphthyl, the Y is methyl, ethyl, phenyl or 1-naphthyl, and X and Y are not the same, and the X group is greater than the Y group;
  • X is phenyl and Y is methyl
  • a compound represented by the following formula VI wherein said R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, phenyl or benzyl, preferably ethyl; and said X is methyl, ethyl, phenyl Or 1-naphthyl, the Y is methyl, ethyl, phenyl or 1-naphthyl, and X and Y are not the same, and the X group is greater than the Y group;
  • X is phenyl and Y is methyl
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the route provided by the present invention can obtain highly chiral and pure intermediates, and after simple crystallization and purification, the chiral purity of the target product can be increased to more than 99.5%.
  • the raw materials used in the process are easy to obtain, the cost is low, there is no special operation process, and the equipment requirements are not high, and it is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Abstract

一种合成(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法;属于医药中间体合成领域。为了解决(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯制备成本高、物料安全性低等问题,进一步提高产能,降低生产成本。以3-羰基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯为起始原料,依次进行还原胺化、碱性构型翻转、氢化脱除保护基等,得到目标产品。采用该合成方法合成(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯,采用新颖的工艺路线,收率大于65%,具有路线新颖、反应条件温和、成本低廉等特点。

Description

制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法
本申请要求2019年12月30日向中国国家知识产权局提交的专利申请号为201911403717.X,发明名称为“制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法”的在先申请的优先权。所述在先申请的全文通过引用的方式结合于本申请中。
技术领域
本公开属于医药中间体有机化学合成领域,具体涉及一种使用自主设计的、创新的中间体,合成和产业化(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的新方法。
背景技术
(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯是一类合成难度较高的手性小分子。该手性片段被广泛用于一类流感病毒RNA聚合酶抑制剂的生产制造中,其中最具代表性的为美国Vertex公司研发的匹莫地韦,已进入临床III期研究阶段。该类药物的作用靶点新颖,对解决流感病毒耐药性有着里程碑式的意义。
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000001
目前关于(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯这一结构片段的合成报导主要有以下三条路线:
路线一,如下专利报导路线一所示。该路线以环己二烯为起始物料,与马来酸酐发生狄尔斯-阿尔德反应(Diels-Alder reaction),进一步在喹啉丁的作用下选择性醇解得到顺式羧酸酯,在强碱条件下酯基构型发生翻转,最后用叠氮磷酸二苯酯进行柯提斯重排(Curtius rearrangement),脱苄氧羰基得到目标产品。虽然起始物料较为廉价,但这一路线的主要不足包括:
(1)、需要用到昂贵的手性有机碱喹啉丁进行去对称化醇解,导致成本高昂;
(2)、需要用到易爆的叠氮化合物,有安全隐患,不利于放大生产;
(3)、总收率低于20%。
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000002
路线二,如下专利报导路线二所示。该路线以环己二烯为起始物料,与丙炔酸乙酯发生狄尔斯-阿尔德反应,进一步氢化选择性还原双键后,低温下与手性胺基负离子进行迈克尔加成反应(Michael addition reaction),最后脱除两个保护基得到目标化合物。
该路线也存在诸多不足。首先是起始物料昂贵,成本较高;其次,在选择性还原双键过程中,使用了特殊的金属催化剂,后续的加成反应使用超低温等苛刻条件,不利于放大生产;整体生产成本也较高。
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000003
路线三,如下专利报导路线三所示。该路线以乙醛酸乙酯为起始原料,在碱性条件下和硝基甲烷发生亨利反应(Henry reaction),经消除反应得到硝基丙烯酸乙酯,在手性助剂的催化下,与环己二烯发生狄尔斯-阿尔德反应,进一步氢化得到目标产品。
该路线虽然路线简短,但原料昂贵且化学性质不稳定,同时硝基甲烷和含硝基中间体的使用给生产上带来较大的安全风险。
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000004
综上所述,目前所报导的(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯合成路线在存在着生产风险大、成本高的特点,难以满足制药工业对这一类医药中间体的需求。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,为解决(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯制备成本较高、物料安全性低、难以生产放大等问题,本发明提供了一种经过两个自主设计的、创新的中间体,制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法。该方法运用了手性还原胺化策略,取得了优异的效果。
本文提供一种制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法,所述方法包括:以3-羰基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯为原料,经过还原胺化,酯基构型翻转,脱除保护基,得到所述(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯,反应过程如下合成路线所示,
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000005
,其中X、Y、R都是有机取代基团。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,所述方法包括以下步骤:
S1、在酸存在下,将3-羰基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯与手性胺反应,得到3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸酯;
S2、将所述3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸酯用还原剂还原或金属催化氢化,得到(2R,3S)-3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯;
S3、在强碱条件下,所述(2R,3S)-3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的酯基构型翻转,得到(2S,3S)-3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯;
S4、将(2S,3S)-3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯氢化,脱除保护基,得到(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,在上述合成路线中,R为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、苯基或者苄基;X为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基;Y为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基;X、Y不相同且X基团大于Y基团。所述X基团大于Y基团,是指X基团的质量大于Y基团的质量,或者X基团的相对分子量大于Y基团的相对分子量。在上述X、Y基团的选择范围中,由于X基团的相对分子量大于Y基团的相对分子量,使得X基团的空间位阻效应大于Y基团的空间位阻效应,手性胺(化合物III)为S构型,最终有利于获得手性的S构型产物。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,基于物料的可获得性考虑,X优选为苯基、Y优选为甲基、R优选为乙基。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,步骤S1中,所述氢化还原的金属催化剂包括铂碳、二氧化铂、金属钌催化剂中的一种;还原试剂还原包括硼氢化钠、三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠、氰基硼氢化钠、三氟乙酰氧基硼氢化钠中的一种。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,在步骤S2中,所述金属催化氢化使用金属催化剂进行,所述金属催化剂包括铂碳、二氧化铂、金属钌催化剂中的至少一种;所述还原剂包括硼氢化钠、三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠、氰基硼氢化钠、三氟乙酰氧基硼氢化钠中的至少一种;优选的,为了进一步提高反应的选择性,所述金属催化剂为二氧化铂;所述还原剂为三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,在步骤S3中,所述强碱包括叔丁醇钠、叔戊醇钠、二异丙基氨基锂、双(三甲硅基)氨基锂、双(三甲硅基)氨基钠、双(三甲硅基)氨基钾中的至少一种;优选的,考虑物料的价格和可获得性,所述强碱为叔丁醇钠。
根据本发明的一种实施方式,在步骤S1中,所述酸为有机酸或者无机酸;优选的,所述酸为有机强酸;进一步优选的,所述酸包括对甲基苯磺酸或三氟乙酸。
本文提供如下式V所示的化合物,其中所述R为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、苯基或者苄基,优选为乙基;所述X为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,所述Y为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,且X和Y不相同、X基团大于Y基团;
优选的,X为苯基,Y为甲基,
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000006
本文提供如上所述化合物V用于制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的用途。
本文提供下式VI所示的化合物,其中所述R为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、苯基或者苄基,优选为乙基;所述X为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,所述Y为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,且X和Y不相同、X基团大于Y基团;
优选的,X为苯基,Y为甲基,
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000007
本文提供如上所述化合物VI用于制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的用途。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
1.采用本发明的合成路线制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯,工艺路线新颖,得到新颖的中间体化合物V、化合物VI,总收率大于65%,具有路线简短反应条件相对温和等特点。
2.本发明提供的路线能够得高手性纯的中间体,经过简单的结晶纯化后可以将目标产品的手性纯度提高到99.5%以上。
3.工艺使用原料易得,成本较低,无特殊操作工艺,对设备要求不高,适合大规模工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述,以使本发明的优点和特征更易被本领域技术人员理解,从而对本发明的保护范围作出更为清楚的界定。
实施例1:
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000008
1、(S)-3-(1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸乙酯的合成
往反应釜中加入1000L甲苯,100.0kg 3-羰基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯,12kg对甲基苯磺酸,80.0kg S-1-苯乙胺,氮气保护下回流反应12小时,得到烯胺中间体(S)-3-(1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸乙酯,用于下一步反应。
2、(2R,3S)-3-((S)-1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯的合成
将上述烯胺中间体(S)-3-(1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸乙酯溶液脱溶,再加入1500L四氢呋喃,500L乙酸,然后冷却后加入106.2kg三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠。升到室温,反应3小时。滴加3N氢氧化钠溶液调节到碱性,乙酸乙酯萃取(800Lx 2),合并后的有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,浓缩得到115g(2R,3S)-3-((S)-1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯(对应本发明合成路线中的化合物IV),淡黄色油状物,收率85%。 1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ7.22-7.32(m,5H),δ4.18(q,2H),δ3.65(q,1H),δ2.81-2.89(m,2H),δ1.83(m,2H),δ1.27-1.56(m,11H),δ1.25(t,3H);ESI-MS:m/z 302.34[M+1]
3、(2S,3S)-3-((S)-1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯的合成
往反应釜中加入500L四氢呋喃,500L叔丁醇,64kg叔丁醇钠,氮气保护下冷却到0-10℃,滴加(2R,3S)-3-((S)-1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯的四氢呋喃溶液(100kg溶解于100L四氢呋喃中)。滴加完毕,保温反应2小时,反应液加入到500L饱和氯化铵溶液中淬灭。乙酸乙酯萃取(800L x 2),合并后的有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,浓缩后得到90.0kg(2S,3S)-3-((S)-1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯(对应本发明合成路线中的化合物V),淡黄色油状物,收率90.0%,非对映体纯度97.4%。 1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ7.21-7.31(m,5H),δ4.13(q,2H),δ3.79(q,1H),δ3.12(d,1H),δ2.22(d,1H),δ1.93(d,1H),δ1.42-1.76(m,8H),δ1.23-1.34(m,8H);ESI-MS:m/z 302.34[M+1]
4、(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯的合成
往1000L不锈钢氢化釜中加入500L乙醇,8.00kg(2S,3S)-3-((S)-1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯,8kg 10%钯碳,氮气置换后,氢气加压到0.6MPa,升温到50℃反应12小时。过滤除去钯碳,滤液浓缩得到50kg(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯(对应本发明合成路线中的化合物I),淡黄色油状物,收率97.0%,手性纯度97.5%。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ4.18(q,2H),δ3.37-3.38(m,1H),δ2.13-2.17(m,3H),δ1.98-2.00(m,1H),δ1.78-1.83(m,1H),δ1.36-1.67(m,9H),δ1.27(t,3H);ESI-MS:m/z 198.26[M+1]
实施例2:
Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-000009
1、(S)-3-(1-萘乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸乙酯的合成
往反应釜中加入1000L甲苯,100.0kg 3-羰基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯,10.0kg三氟乙酸,113kg S-1-萘乙胺,氮气保护下回流反应12小时。降到室温,300L饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤,有机层浓缩至200L,加入500L正庚烷,室温搅拌3小时,过滤,少量正庚烷洗涤,真空干燥得到133.6kg(S)-3-(1-苯乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸乙酯,白色固体,收率75.3%。
2、(2R,3S)-3-((S)-1-萘乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯的合成
往1000L不锈钢高压釜中加入300L乙醇,200L乙酸乙酯,100.0kg(S)-3-(1-萘乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸乙酯,10.0kg 5%铂碳,氮气置换后氢气加压到1MPa,升温到35反应10小时,过滤除去铂碳,滤液浓缩得到100.0kg(2R,3S)-3-((S)-1-萘乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯,类白色固体,收率99.4%。
3、(2S,3S)-3-((S)-1-萘乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯的合成
往反应釜中加入500L四氢呋喃,500L叔丁醇,50.0kg叔丁醇钠,氮气保护下冷去到0-10℃,滴加(2R,3S)-3-((S)-1-萘乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯的四氢呋喃溶液(100.0kg溶解于100L四氢呋喃中)。滴加完毕,保温反应2小时,反应液加入到500L饱和氯化铵溶液中淬灭。乙酸乙酯萃取(800L x 2),合并后的有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,浓缩后得到92.0kg(2S,3S)-3-((S)-1-萘乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯,淡黄色固体,收率92.0%,非对映体纯度98.0%。
4、(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯的合成
往1000L不锈钢氢化釜中加入500L乙醇,90.0kg(2S,3S)-3-((S)-1-萘乙胺基)-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯,9kg 10%钯碳,氮气置换后,氢气加压到1MPa,升温到50℃反应12小时。过滤除去钯碳,滤液浓缩得到50.0k g(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸乙酯,淡黄色油状物,收率99.0%,手性纯度98.1%。

Claims (10)

  1. 制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:以3-羰基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯为原料,经过还原胺化,酯基构型翻转,脱除保护基,得到所述(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯,反应过程如下所示,
    Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-100001
    ,其中X、Y、R都是有机取代基团。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
    S1、在酸存在下,将3-羰基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯与手性胺反应,得到3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸酯;
    S2、将所述3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烯-2-甲酸酯用还原剂还原或金属催化氢化,得到(2R,3S)-3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯;
    S3、在强碱条件下,所述(2R,3S)-3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的酯基构型翻转,得到(2S,3S)-3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯;
    S4、将(2S,3S)-3-胺基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯氢化,脱除保护基,得到(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述R为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、苯基或者苄基,优选为乙基;
    所述X为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,所述Y为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,且X和Y不相同、X基团大于Y基团;
    优选的,X为苯基,Y为甲基。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤S2中,所述金属催化氢化使用金属催化剂进行,所述金属催化剂包括铂碳、二氧化铂、金属钌催化剂中的至少一种;所述还原剂包括硼氢化钠、三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠、氰基硼氢化钠、三氟乙酰氧基硼氢化钠中的至少一种;
    优选的,所述金属催化剂为二氧化铂;所述还原剂为三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤S3中,所述强碱包括叔丁醇钠、叔戊醇钠、二异丙基氨基锂、双(三甲硅基)氨基锂、双(三甲硅基)氨基钠、双(三甲硅基)氨基钾中的至少一种;
    优选的,所述强碱为叔丁醇钠。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤S1中,所述酸为有机酸或者无机酸;优选的,所述酸为有机强酸;进一步优选的,所述酸包括对甲基苯磺酸或三氟乙酸。
  7. 如下式V所示的化合物,其中所述R为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、苯基或者苄基,优选为乙基;所述X为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,所述Y为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,且X和Y不相同、X基团大于Y基团;
    优选的,X为苯基,Y为甲基,
    Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-100002
  8. 如权利要求7所述化合物V用于制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的用途。
  9. 如下式VI所示的化合物,其中所述R为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、苯基或者苄基,优选为乙基;所述X为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,所述Y为甲基、乙基、苯基或者1-萘基,且X和Y不相同、X基团大于Y基团;
    优选的,X为苯基,Y为甲基,
    Figure PCTCN2020099360-appb-100003
  10. 如权利要求9所述化合物VI用于制备(2S,3S)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的用途。
PCT/CN2020/099360 2019-12-30 2020-06-30 制备(2s,3s)-3-氨基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的方法 WO2021135127A1 (zh)

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