WO2021128712A1 - 电池地址管理方法及电池管理系统 - Google Patents

电池地址管理方法及电池管理系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021128712A1
WO2021128712A1 PCT/CN2020/091101 CN2020091101W WO2021128712A1 WO 2021128712 A1 WO2021128712 A1 WO 2021128712A1 CN 2020091101 W CN2020091101 W CN 2020091101W WO 2021128712 A1 WO2021128712 A1 WO 2021128712A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery management
management unit
sub
address
frame
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PCT/CN2020/091101
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹笑吟
施璐
宋慰军
翟帅
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上海派能能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021128712A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021128712A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H04L61/5053—Lease time; Renewal aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the embodiment of the present invention relates to battery management technology, in particular to a battery address management method and battery management system.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a battery address management method and a battery management system, so as to realize that the serial number of each battery can be dynamically adjusted, and the battery can be managed based on the serial number.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery address management method, which is applied to a battery management system, and the battery management system includes a main battery management unit and at least two sub-battery management units that communicate via a serial communication bus , The downstream port of each sub-battery management unit is connected to the upstream port of the next-level sub-battery management unit through a signal line, and the upstream port of the first sub-battery management unit is connected to the main battery management unit; the method includes:
  • the main battery management unit sends a detection frame to the sub-battery management unit through the serial communication bus to instruct each sub-battery management unit to the next sub-battery through a signal line
  • the management unit transmits a level conversion signal, wherein the sub-battery management unit that has not received the level conversion signal has the right to respond;
  • the main battery management unit sends a preset address allocation frame to the sub-battery management unit through the serial communication bus to instruct the sub-battery management unit with the response right to configure the address, and pass the signal after the address is configured Sending a configuration completion signal to the next-level sub-battery management unit online, wherein the sub-battery management unit that receives the configuration completion signal has the right to respond;
  • the main battery management unit periodically issues the preset address allocation frame until it is determined that each sub-battery management unit completes the address configuration.
  • embodiments of the present invention also provide a battery management system, including a main battery management unit and at least two sub-battery management units, wherein the main battery management unit communicates with the at least two sub-batteries through a serial communication bus.
  • the management unit communicates; each of the sub-battery management units is provided with an uplink port and a downlink port, and the downlink port of the upper-level sub-battery management unit is connected with the uplink port of the next-level sub-battery management unit through a signal line, and the first sub-battery management unit
  • the upstream port of the battery management unit is connected to the main battery management unit;
  • the main battery management unit is used to send a detection frame to the sub-battery management unit via the serial communication bus within a preset detection time to instruct each sub-battery management unit to go to the next level through a signal line
  • the sub-battery management unit transmits a level conversion signal; wherein, the sub-battery management unit that has not received the level conversion signal has the right to respond;
  • the main battery management unit is also used to issue a preset address allocation frame to the sub battery management unit through the serial communication bus to instruct the sub battery management unit with the right of response to configure the address, and after the address is configured Then, the configuration completion signal is transmitted to the next sub-battery management unit through the signal line, wherein the sub-battery management unit that has received the configuration completion signal has the right to respond; and,
  • the preset address allocation frame is issued periodically until it is determined that each sub-battery management unit completes the address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit communicates with each sub-battery management unit through a serial communication bus.
  • Each sub-battery management unit carries out signal transmission through signal lines. Connect the upstream port of the first sub-battery management unit directly to the main battery management unit through the serial port, so that the main battery management unit is different from other sub-battery management units.
  • the main battery management unit can determine the first sub-battery management unit at the software level by issuing a detection frame; by issuing a preset address allocation frame, the first sub-battery management unit can perform address configuration.
  • the sub-battery management unit After completing the address configuration, the sub-battery management unit transmits the configuration completion signal to the next-level sub-battery management unit through the signal line, and the next-level sub-battery management unit obtains the right to respond to the main battery management unit, and then receives the preset address After the frame is allocated, the address configuration is performed.
  • the main battery management unit repeatedly issues preset address allocation frames to realize the address configuration of all sub-battery management units. It solves the problem that the battery module cannot be managed by the address in the prior art, and thus the battery module cannot be dynamically managed, and the address of each sub-battery management unit can be automatically allocated and managed, that is, the address of each battery module can be automatically managed.
  • the address can then manage the battery module to perform corresponding tasks based on the configured address.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a battery address management method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Embodiment 2 is a flowchart of an optimized battery address management method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a battery address management method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment can be applied to the case where the battery module address is configured by the main battery management unit, for example, when the number of battery modules is When it changes, the address of each battery module is reconfigured through the main battery management unit, so that each battery module is managed based on the reconfigured address.
  • the method may be executed by the main battery management unit, and the battery address management method includes the following steps:
  • the main battery management unit sends a detection frame to the sub-battery management unit through the serial communication bus.
  • the detection frame is a frame of communication data issued by the main battery management unit according to the set format.
  • the detection frame is used to instruct each sub-battery management unit to transmit a level conversion signal to the next-level sub-battery management unit through a signal line, and the sub-battery management unit that has not received the level conversion signal has the right to respond.
  • the main battery management unit can locate the sub-battery management unit that has the right to respond by sending the detection frame, that is, the sub-battery management unit that needs to be assigned the first address.
  • the battery management system includes a main battery management unit and multiple sub battery management units.
  • the main battery management unit communicates with each sub-battery management unit through a serial communication bus.
  • the main battery management unit may be an upper computer with general computing capabilities and data processing capabilities.
  • the sub-battery management unit is an electronic device directly connected to a single battery module for controlling the connected battery module.
  • the main battery management unit communicates with each sub-battery management unit through a serial communication bus. Based on the serial communication bus, the main battery management unit sends information to each sub-battery management unit, and the sub-battery management unit feeds back a response to the main battery management unit. information.
  • the serial communication bus is an RS485 communication bus.
  • the sub-battery management unit After the sub-battery management unit receives the detection frame, it will transmit a level conversion signal to the next-level sub-battery management unit. Through the level conversion signal, the next-level sub-battery management unit can confirm that it is in the downstream position. Have the right to respond to feedback information to the main battery management unit.
  • each sub-battery management unit in this embodiment is provided with an uplink port and a downlink port, wherein the uplink port of each sub-battery management unit is connected to the downlink port of the upper-level sub-battery management unit through a signal line, and similarly , The downstream port of each sub-battery management unit is connected to the upstream port of the next-level sub-battery management unit through a signal line through a signal line, and each sub-battery management unit transmits information through the signal line.
  • the signal line is a GPIO (General-purpose input/output, general-purpose input/output) signal line. Through the GPIO signal line, each sub-battery management unit can transmit different information to the next-level sub-battery management unit connected to it. Level signal, in order to realize the information transmission between each sub-battery management unit.
  • the uplink port of the first sub-battery management unit is directly connected to the main battery management unit through a serial port, that is, the uplink port of the first sub-battery management unit has no signal line.
  • the principle of determining the sub-battery management unit with the right of response through the detection frame in this embodiment is: before each sub-battery management unit obtains the detection frame, the control signal line maintains a high-level signal. After the detection frame, the control signal lines of each sub-battery management unit maintain a low level, and the low-level signal is transmitted to the next-level sub-battery management unit through the downstream port.
  • the next-level sub-battery management unit receives the level conversion signal from high-level to low-level, it can confirm that it is in the lower position, that is, the downstream position, and has no right to respond to the main battery management unit, that is, Does not have the right to respond.
  • the first sub-battery management unit is directly connected to the main battery management unit through the serial port, the first sub-battery management unit will not receive the level conversion signal. In this way, after the detection phase is completed, only the first sub-battery management unit can obtain the right to respond to feedback information to the main battery management unit.
  • the detection frame issued by the main battery management unit has a certain duration, and the duration is the detection time.
  • the detection time can be adjusted according to the number of sub-battery management units and the period of the signal level. For example, in an optional solution of this embodiment, the number of battery modules is four, correspondingly, the number of sub-battery management units is also four, and the detection time is set to 250ms, which ensures that four sub-batteries are The management unit can obtain the detection frame issued by the main battery management unit.
  • the main battery management unit delivers a preset address allocation frame to the sub-battery management unit through the serial communication bus.
  • the preset address allocation frame is a frame of communication data containing a preset address generated by the main battery management unit according to a set format.
  • the preset address can be generated according to a user's instruction, or generated by the main battery management unit according to a preset algorithm.
  • the preset address allocation frame is used to instruct the sub-battery management unit with the response right to perform address configuration, and after the address is configured, the configuration complete signal is transmitted to the next-level sub-battery management unit through the signal line, wherein the configuration is received
  • the sub-battery management unit that completes the signal has the right to respond.
  • the sub-battery management unit when the sub-battery management unit receives the preset address allocation frame, it analyzes according to the set format to obtain the address information, and performs address configuration according to the address information to realize the address management of the connected battery modules.
  • the sub-battery management unit After the sub-battery management unit is configured with the address, it transmits the configuration completion signal to the next-level sub-battery management unit through the signal line of the downstream port according to the set requirements to notify the next-level sub-battery management unit to prepare for address configuration and receive
  • the sub-battery management unit that configures the completion signal obtains the right to respond to feedback information to the main battery management unit.
  • the sub-battery management unit controls the signal line to remain low again, so that the next-level sub-battery management unit learns that the upper-level sub-unit management unit has completed the address Configure, and then realize the transmission of the configuration completion signal to the next sub-battery management unit.
  • the next-level sub-battery management unit obtains the right to respond to the main battery management unit, and can perform address configuration in response to the subsequent address allocation frame issued by the main battery management unit.
  • the main battery management unit periodically issues the preset address allocation frame until it is determined that each sub-battery management unit completes the address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit periodically issues preset address allocation frames to instruct each sub-battery management unit to complete address configuration in sequence until all sub-battery management units complete address configuration and stop issuing preset address allocation frames.
  • each sub-battery management unit is connected through a signal line for signal transmission between the sub-battery management units; the first sub-battery management unit is directly connected to the main battery management unit through a serial port.
  • the main battery management unit issues a detection instruction to instruct the sub-battery management unit to transmit a level conversion signal, thereby determining the first sub-battery management unit; and then issue an address allocation frame to instruct the sub-battery management unit with the right to respond Perform address configuration.
  • the configuration completion signal is transmitted to the downstream sub-battery management unit through the signal line to complete the transmission of the response right.
  • the main battery management unit communicates with each sub-battery management unit through a serial communication bus.
  • Each sub-battery management unit performs signal transmission between the sub-battery management units through signal lines.
  • the main battery management unit is distinguished from other sub-battery management units.
  • the main battery management unit can determine the first sub-battery management unit at the software level by issuing a detection frame; by issuing a preset address allocation frame, the first sub-battery management unit can perform address configuration.
  • the sub-battery management unit After completing the address configuration, the sub-battery management unit transmits the configuration completion signal to the next-level sub-battery management unit through the signal line, and the next-level sub-battery management unit obtains the right to respond to the main battery management unit, and then receives the preset address After allocating the frame, perform address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit repeatedly issues preset address allocation frames to realize the address configuration of all sub-battery management units. It solves the problem that the battery module cannot be managed by the address in the prior art, and thus the battery module cannot be dynamically managed, and the address of each sub-battery management unit can be automatically allocated and managed, that is, the address of each battery module can be automatically managed. The address can then manage the battery module to perform corresponding tasks based on the configured address.
  • the main battery management unit and the sub-battery management unit in this embodiment communicate according to a preset protocol, so that the frame data transmitted between the main battery management unit and the sub-battery management unit has preset data format.
  • the main battery management unit and the sub battery management unit can transmit frame data according to the data format shown in the following table:
  • the device address is the address configured by the main battery management unit and the sub-battery management unit.
  • the main battery management unit sends the frame data
  • which sub-battery management unit transmits the frame data received by the main battery management unit.
  • Each sub-battery management unit has a unique device address and starts with its own device address when feeding back frame data to the main battery management unit.
  • the main battery management unit sets the device address to the special address 0xFF at this time, where the special address 0xFF indicates that the main battery management unit is issuing Broadcast frame, and the broadcast frame is a data frame issued to all sub-battery management units, and each sub-battery management unit may not respond to the broadcast frame containing the special address 0xFF.
  • the function code indicates the operation to be performed by the frame data sent by the main battery management unit, and the sub-battery management unit sends the same function code to indicate that it responded to this operation. If the highest bit of the function code sent by the sub-battery management unit is 1, it indicates that the sub-battery management unit has not performed this operation or the sub-battery management unit has transmitted an error.
  • the register address indicates the collection of all subtasks included in this task; the register value indicates the specific information contained in the register address.
  • the verification code can be used for data verification between the main battery management unit and the sub-battery management unit to prevent the other party from performing wrong tasks.
  • the battery address management method further includes: the main battery management unit sends the address mandatory setting to the sub battery management unit through the serial communication bus Frame to instruct each sub-battery management unit to configure the address as the default address.
  • the main battery management unit can restore the addresses of all the sub-battery management units to the default value by issuing the address mandatory setting frame, so that each sub-battery management unit can modify the address according to the set method and improve the efficiency of address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit issues a preset address allocation frame to the sub-battery management unit
  • the battery address management method further includes: if the preset address response frame is not received within the set time, or the error response frame is received, the main battery management unit repeatedly sends the preset address allocation frame through the serial communication bus , Until the set number of transmissions is reached or the preset address response frame is received.
  • the sub-battery management unit after receiving the frame data sent by the main battery management unit, the sub-battery management unit will feed back the response frame data according to the set data format, so that the main battery management unit can confirm the communication effect according to the response frame.
  • the response frame data is based on the frame data of the preset address allocation frame, it is the preset address response frame.
  • the response frame has the same data format as the preset address allocation frame, that is, the sub-battery management unit feeds back the preset address response frame to the main battery management unit according to the same data format as the received address allocation frame.
  • the sub-battery management unit When due to communication reasons, the sub-battery management unit does not receive the frame data sent by the main battery management unit, or the main battery management unit does not receive the response frame data fed back by the sub-battery management unit, or the sub-battery management unit feeds back an error response frame At this time, the main battery management unit will re-issue the preset address allocation frame to instruct the sub-battery management unit that currently has the response right to perform address allocation again.
  • the error response frame refers to the response frame data fed back by the sub-battery management unit according to the wrong data format.
  • the error response frame has the data format shown in the following table:
  • the error code indicates that the sub-battery management unit has not performed the task issued by the main battery management unit or the frame data fed back by the sub-battery management unit has a transmission error.
  • the main battery management unit Before the main battery management unit resends the preset address allocation frame for the set number of times, if it receives the preset address response frame, the main battery management unit stops the current retransmission process and sends a confirmation handshake to the sub battery management unit Frame, instruct the sub-battery management unit to perform address configuration. Or before the set number of times is reached, if an interrupt frame is received, the current retransmission process will be stopped and the interrupt frame will be responded to.
  • the interrupt frame refers to the frame data with interrupt function, and the interrupt frame has a higher response priority.
  • the interrupt frame can be an error response frame, or all response frames that do not match the preset function code of the main battery management unit.
  • the main battery management unit stops issuing the preset address allocation frame and triggers the alarm device to give an alarm to notify the user to intervene.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an optimized battery address management method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment optimizes the process of sending detection frames on the basis of the foregoing embodiment. The method specifically includes:
  • the main battery management unit sends an address mandatory setting frame to the sub-battery management unit through the serial communication bus to instruct each sub-battery management unit to configure an address as a default address.
  • the main battery management unit sends a detection frame to the sub-battery management unit through the serial communication bus.
  • the detection frame is used to instruct each sub-battery management unit to transmit a level conversion signal to the next-level sub-battery management unit through a signal line, and the sub-battery management unit that has not received the level conversion signal has the right to respond.
  • the main battery management unit sends a broadcast frame to the sub-battery management unit through the serial communication bus.
  • the main battery management unit sends a broadcast frame to notify each sub-battery management unit that it is about to issue a preset address allocation frame, that is, to notify the sub-battery management unit of its ready state, thereby further strengthening the communication of the battery management system reliability.
  • the content of the broadcast frame in this embodiment may be empty or other preset content, and this embodiment does not limit the specific content of the broadcast frame.
  • the main battery management unit may issue broadcast frames in the same data format as the detection frame, that is, all frame data issued from the main battery management unit have the same data format to facilitate analysis by the sub-battery management unit.
  • the sub-battery management unit with the right of response completes a confirmation by feeding back a broadcast response frame to the main battery management unit to report the ready state of the sub-battery management unit to the main battery management unit.
  • the frame data fed back by the sub-battery management unit and the frame data sent by the main battery management unit have the same data format.
  • the broadcast response frame fed back by the sub-battery management unit has the same data format as the broadcast frame sent by the main battery management unit.
  • the main battery management unit delivers a preset address allocation frame to the sub battery management unit through the serial communication bus.
  • the sub-battery management unit completes the second confirmation during the address issuance process by feeding back the preset address response frame, and can notify the main battery management unit of the analysis of the preset address allocation frame, and by strictly implementing the response procedure, The reliability of the communication between the main battery management unit and the sub-battery management unit is further improved.
  • the main battery management unit when the main battery management unit confirms that the sub-battery management unit has correctly obtained the issued address data and is in a ready state, the main battery management unit issues a confirmation handshake frame through the serial communication bus to complete the address issuing process This is the third confirmation in, so far, the main battery management unit and the sub-battery management unit confirm that there are no communication obstacles or transmission problems in the current communication process, and their status meets the requirements. Furthermore, after receiving the confirmation handshake frame, the sub-battery management unit performs address configuration according to the parsed preset address.
  • the communication failure or transmission failure between the main battery management unit and the sub-battery management unit is further eliminated through three confirmations, and the communication reliability of the battery management system is further improved through the three status confirmations.
  • the main battery management unit periodically issues the preset address allocation frame until it is determined that each sub-battery management unit completes the address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit periodically issues a preset address allocation frame to instruct each sub-battery management unit to perform address configuration in sequence until all the sub-battery management units have configured their addresses.
  • the periodic address allocation process specifically includes:
  • the main battery management unit sends a broadcast frame to the sub-battery management unit
  • the main battery management unit each time the main battery management unit sends the broadcast frame before sending the preset address allocation frame, and receives the response broadcast frame fed back by the sub-battery management unit with the response right, to confirm that the sender and receiver are in a ready state .
  • the main battery management unit confirms that all sub-battery management units have completed the address configuration by the following method:
  • the main battery management unit does not receive a response broadcast frame after delivering the broadcast frame, then repeatedly delivering the broadcast frame;
  • each sub-battery management unit completes the address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit before the main battery management unit sends a preset address allocation frame, it first sends a broadcast frame, and according to the agreed agreement, when the sub-battery management unit receives the broadcast frame, it needs to feed back the broadcast to the main battery management unit. Reply frame.
  • the main battery management unit sends out the broadcast frame, if it does not receive the response broadcast frame, the main battery management unit repeatedly sends the broadcast frame according to the set number of times. If the broadcast response frame is still not received after the set number of times, it determines all All sub-battery management units have completed the address configuration.
  • each sub-battery management unit receives the configuration completion signal transmitted by the upper-level sub-battery management unit through the uplink signal line, and learns that there is a sub-battery management unit in its upstream position.
  • the sub-battery management unit located in the downstream position does not feed back information to its upstream sub-battery management unit, the sub-battery management unit cannot confirm whether it is in the last position of the communication link. Therefore, in this embodiment, after the main battery management unit completes the address configuration of the sub-battery management unit at the end of the communication link, it will continue to send the broadcast frame, and if there is no response, it will repeat the broadcast frame according to the set number of times. When the set number of sending times is reached, and the broadcast response frame is not received, it is confirmed that the address allocation for all sub-battery management units has been completed, and therefore the sub-battery management units have also completed the corresponding address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit first issues a broadcast frame before issuing the preset address allocation frame to obtain the response broadcast frame of the sub-battery management unit with the response right, and completes a confirmation; Set the address allocation frame, and complete the second confirmation by receiving the response address allocation frame; through the two confirmations, the status of the sender and receiver can be confirmed before the address configuration. Finally, the main battery management unit sends a confirmation handshake frame to instruct the sub-battery management unit to perform address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit communicates with the sub-battery management unit by issuing instructions twice and performing a three-way handshake, which improves the communication reliability of the battery management system, so that the sub-battery management unit strictly follows the instructions issued by the main battery management unit Perform address configuration.
  • the battery management system includes a main battery management unit 400 and at least two sub-battery management units 500, wherein:
  • the main battery management unit 400 communicates with at least two sub-battery management units 500 through a serial communication bus; each sub-battery management unit 500 is provided with an upstream port and a downstream port, and the downstream port of the upper-level sub-battery management unit 500 and the next-level
  • the uplink port of the sub-battery management unit 500 is connected by a signal line, and the uplink port of the first sub-battery management unit 500 is connected to the main battery management unit 400.
  • the main battery management unit 400 is specifically configured to send a detection frame to the sub-battery management unit 500 through the serial communication bus within the preset detection time to instruct each sub-battery management unit 500 to the next sub-battery through a signal line
  • the management unit 500 transmits a level conversion signal; wherein, the sub-battery management unit 500 that has not received the level conversion signal has the right to respond;
  • the main battery management unit 400 is also used to send a preset address allocation frame to the sub-battery management unit 500 through the serial communication bus to instruct the sub-battery management unit 500 with the right of response to configure the address, and pass the signal after the address is configured
  • the line transmits a configuration completion signal to the sub-battery management unit 500 of the next level, wherein the sub-battery management unit 500 that has received the configuration completion signal has the right to respond;
  • the preset address allocation frame is periodically issued until it is determined that each sub-battery management unit 500 completes the address configuration.
  • the serial communication bus in this embodiment is an RS485 communication bus
  • the signal line between each sub-battery management unit 500 is a GPIO signal line to transmit a variable level signal.
  • each sub-battery management unit 500 is connected in parallel through an RJ-45 connector, where the pins of the RJ-45 connector include the Tx signal line and the Rx signal line that communicate with the RS485 communication bus.
  • a signal line, and a GPIO signal line for transmitting signals between each sub-battery management unit 500.
  • the other pins of the RJ-45 connector are defined by the user.
  • the main battery management unit 400 is also used to send a mandatory address setting frame to the sub-battery management unit 500 through the serial communication bus before sending the detection frame to the sub-battery management unit 500 to instruct each
  • the sub battery management unit 500 configures the address as a default address.
  • the main battery management unit 400 sends a preset address allocation frame to the sub battery management unit 500 through the serial communication bus to instruct the sub battery management unit 500 with the right of response to perform address configuration, which specifically includes:
  • the main battery management unit 400 delivers broadcast frames to the sub-battery management unit 500 through the serial communication bus;
  • the main battery management unit 400 delivers a preset address allocation frame to the sub battery management unit 500 through the serial communication bus;
  • a confirmation handshake frame is issued through the serial communication bus based on the preset address response frame to instruct the sub-battery management unit 500 with the response right to perform address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit 400 delivers the preset address allocation frame to the sub-battery management unit 500, it is also used to:
  • the preset address allocation frame is repeatedly issued through the serial communication bus until the set number of transmissions is reached or the preset address response is received frame.
  • the main battery management unit 400 periodically issues a preset address allocation frame until the address configuration of each sub-battery management unit 500 is completed, which specifically includes:
  • the main battery management unit 400 delivers broadcast frames to the sub-battery management unit 500;
  • the broadcast frame and the preset address allocation frame are repeatedly delivered to the sub-battery management unit 500 until it is determined that each sub-battery management unit 500 completes the address configuration.
  • the main battery management unit 400 determining that each sub-battery management unit 500 completes the address configuration specifically includes:
  • main battery management unit 400 does not receive the response broadcast frame after sending the broadcast frame, it repeatedly sends the broadcast frame;
  • each sub-battery management unit 500 completes the address configuration.
  • the above-mentioned product can execute the method provided in any of the embodiments of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for the execution method.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种电池地址管理方法及电池管理系统。该方法括：在预设侦测时间内，主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元下发侦测帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号，未接收到电平转换信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置，以及在配置好地址后通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，接收到配置完成信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；主电池管理单元周期性下发预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置，实现了对电池模组地址的动态管理。

Description

电池地址管理方法及电池管理系统 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及电池管理技术，尤其涉及一种电池地址管理方法及电池管理系统。
背景技术
在电池应用场景中，希望将多个电池串联或并联起来，或随时增加、减少或替换，并由上位机进行统一管理。这就需要为电池动态设置组内的地址识别号，而现有技术中电池硬件并不具备手动设置地址识别号的界面或器件。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种电池地址管理方法及电池管理系统，以实现能够动态调整各个电池的编号，并基于该编号对电池进行管理。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种电池地址管理方法，所述方法应用于电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统包括通过串行通信总线通信的主电池管理单元和至少两个子电池管理单元，每个子电池管理单元的下行口与下一级子电池管理单元的上行口通过信号线相连，且首个子电池管理单元的上行口与所述主电池管理单元相连；所述方法包括：
在预设侦测时间内，所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发侦测帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号，其中，未接收到所述电平转换信号的子电池 管理单元具有应答权；
所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置，以及在配置好地址后通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，其中，接收到所述配置完成信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；
所述主电池管理单元周期性下发所述预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
第二方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种电池管理系统，包括主电池管理单元和至少两个子电池管理单元，其中，所述主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线与所述至少两个子电池管理单元通信；每个所述子电池管理单元均设置有上行口和下行口，上一级子电池管理单元的下行口与下一级子电池管理单元的上行口通过信号线相连，且首个子电池管理单元的上行口与所述主电池管理单元相连；
所述主电池管理单元用于在预设侦测时间内，通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发侦测帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号；其中，未接收到所述电平转换信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；
所述主电池管理单元还用于通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置，以及在配置好地址后通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，其中，接收到所述配置完成信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；以及，
周期性下发所述预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址 配置。
本发明实施例主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线与各个子电池管理单元进行通信。各个子电池管理单元之间通过信号线进行信号传输。通过串口将首个子电池管理单元的上行口与主电池管理单元直接相连，使得主电池管理单元区别于其他子电池管理单元。基于上述物理连接，主电池管理单元通过下发侦测帧，可在软件层面确定出首个子电池管理单元；通过下发预设地址分配帧，首个子电池管理单元可进行地址配置。完成地址配置后的子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，下一级子电池管理单元获取到对主电池管理单元的应答权，从而在接收到预设地址分配帧后，进行地址配置。主电池管理单元通过重复下发预设地址分配帧，实现对所有子电池管理单元的地址配置。解决了现有技术中无法对电池模组进行地址管理，进而无法对电池模组进行动态管理的问题，实现了能够自动分配和管理各个子电池管理单元的地址，即自动管理各个电池模组的地址，进而能够基于所配置的地址管理电池模组执行相应任务。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一提供的一种电池地址管理方法的流程图；
图2是本发明实施例二提供的一种优化的电池地址管理方法的流程图；
图3是本发明实施例三提供的一种电池管理系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此 处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，而非对本发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部结构。
实施例一
图1为本发明实施例一提供的一种电池地址管理方法的流程图，本实施例可适用于通过主电池管理单元对电池模组进行地址配置的情况，例如，在电池模组的数量有变化时，通过主电池管理单元对各个电池模组的地址进行重新配置，从而基于重新配置的地址对各个电池模组进行管理。该方法可以由主电池管理单元执行，该电池地址管理方法包括如下步骤：
S110、在预设侦测时间内，所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发侦测帧。
其中，侦测帧是主电池管理单元按照设定格式下发的一帧通讯数据。该侦测帧用于指示各个子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号，未接收到所述电平转换信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权。主电池管理单元通过下发侦测帧，可以定位出具有应答权的子电池管理单元，即需要分配首地址的子电池管理单元。
电池管理系统包括主电池管理单元和多个子电池管理单元。主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线与各个子电池管理单元进行通信。可选的，该主电池管理单元可以为具有通用计算能力和数据处理能力的上位机。子电池管理单元为直接与单个电池模组相连的电子器件，以用于对所连接的电池模组进行控制。
主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线与各个子电池管理单元进行通信，基于 该串行通信总线，主电池管理单元向各个子电池管理单元下发信息，子电池管理单元向主电池管理单元反馈应答信息。在本实施例的某一可选方案中，串行通信总线为RS485通信总线。
子电池管理单元在接收到侦测帧后，会向下一级子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号，通过该电平转换信号，下一级子电池管理单元便可以确认自己处于下行位置，不具有向主电池管理单元反馈信息的应答权。
具体地，本实施例中的各个子电池管理单元均设置有上行口和下行口，其中，每个子电池管理单元的上行口与上一级子电池管理单元的下行口通过信号线相连，同样地，每个子电池管理单元的下行口通过信号线与下一级子电池管理单元的上行口通过信号线相连，各个子电池管理单元通过该信号线进行信息传输。可选的，该信号线为GPIO(General-purpose input/output，通用输入输出)信号线，通过该GPIO信号线，各个子电池管理单元可以向与其相连的下一级子电池管理单元传送不同的电平信号，以实现各个子电池管理单元之间能够进行信息传送。
同时，首个子电池管理单元的上行口与主电池管理单元通过串口直接相连，即首个子电池管理单元的上行口没有信号线。
基于上述结构，本实施例中通过侦测帧确定出具有应答权的子电池管理单元的原理为：每个子电池管理单元在获取到侦测帧之前，控制信号线保持高电平信号，当接收到侦测帧后，各个子电池管理单元控制信号线保持低电平，并将该低电平信号通过下行口传送至下一级子电池管理单元。当下一级子电池管理单元接收到由高电平转换至低电平的电平转换信号时，即可确认自己处于靠后的位置，即下行位置，无权对主电池管理单元进行应答，即不具有应答权。 而因为首个子电池管理单元通过串口直接与主电池管理单元相连，因而该首个子电池管理单元不会接收到电平转换信号。这样，在侦测阶段完成后，只有首个子电池管理单元能够获取到向主电池管理单元反馈信息的应答权。
本实施例中，为了保证各个子电池管理单元均能够获取到侦测帧，主电池管理单元下发的侦测帧具有一定的持续时间，该持续时间即为侦测时间。该侦测时间可根据子电池管理单元的数量以及信号电平的周期进行调整。例如，在本实施例的某一可选方案中，电池模组的数量为四个，相应地，子电池管理单元的数量也为四个，将侦测时间设置为250ms，保证了四个子电池管理单元都能够获取到主电池管理单元下发的侦测帧。
S120、所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧。
其中，预设地址分配帧是主电池管理单元按照设定格式生成的包含有预设地址的一帧通讯数据。该预设地址可以根据用户的指令生成，或者由主电池管理单元根据预设算法生成。该预设地址分配帧用于指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置，以及在配置好地址后通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，其中，接收到所述配置完成信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权。
具体地，子电池管理单元在接收到该预设地址分配帧时，按照设定格式进行解析，得到地址信息，并依据该地址信息进行地址配置，实现对所连接的电池模组的地址管理。
子电池管理单元在配置好地址后，按照设定要求通过下行口的信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，以通知下一级子电池管理单元做好地 址配置准备，接收到配置完成信号的子电池管理单元获取到向主电池管理单元反馈信息的应答权。在本实施例的某一可选方案中，子电池管理单元在配置完地址后，再次控制信号线保持低电平，从而下一级子电池管理单元获知上一级子单元管理单元已经完成地址配置，进而实现向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号。此时，该下一级子电池管理单元获取到对主电池管理单元的应答权，可响应后续主电池管理单元下发的地址分配帧进行地址配置。
S130、所述主电池管理单元周期性下发所述预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
其中，主电池管理单元通过周期性下发预设地址分配帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元依次完成地址配置，直至所有的子电池管理单元都完成地址配置，停止下发预设地址分配帧。
该电池地址管理方法的工作原理：各个子电池管理单元之间通过信号线相连，以进行子电池管理单元之间的信号传输；首个子电池管理单元通过串口直连主电池管理单元。由主电池管理单元下发侦测指令，指示子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号，从而确定出第一个子电池管理单元；再通过下发地址分配帧，指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置。在子电池管理单元配置完地址后，通过信号线传送配置完成信号至下行的子电池管理单元，以完成应答权的传递。
本实施例的技术方案，主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线与各个子电池管理单元进行通信。各个子电池管理单元通过信号线进行子电池管理单元之间的信号传输。通过将首个子电池管理单元的上行口与主电池管理单元通过串口直接相连，使得主电池管理单元区别于其他子电池管理单元。基于上述物理连接， 主电池管理单元通过下发侦测帧，可在软件层面确定出首个子电池管理单元；通过下发预设地址分配帧，首个子电池管理单元可进行地址配置。完成地址配置后的子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，下一级子电池管理单元获取到对主电池管理单元的应答权，从而在接收到预设地址分配帧后，进行地址配置。主电池管理单元通过重复下发预设地址分配帧，实现对所有子电池管理单元的地址配置。解决了现有技术中无法对电池模组进行地址管理，进而无法对电池模组进行动态管理的问题，实现了能够自动分配和管理各个子电池管理单元的地址，即自动管理各个电池模组的地址，进而能够基于所配置的地址管理电池模组执行相应任务。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本实施例中的主电池管理单元和子电池管理单元之间按照预设协议进行通信，使得主电池管理单元和子电池管理单元之间所传送的帧数据具有预设数据格式。可选的，主电池管理单元和子电池管理单元可按照下表所示数据格式进行帧数据传输：
Figure PCTCN2020091101-appb-000001
其中，设备地址为主电池管理单元为子电池管理单元所配置的地址。通过在帧数据中设置设备地址，明确了主电池管理单元将帧数据下发给哪个子电池管理单元，以及主电池管理单元所接收到的帧数据是由哪个子电池管理单元所传送。每个子电池管理单元都具有唯一的设备地址，并且在向主电池管理单元反馈帧数据时均以各自的设备地址开始。特殊地，在进行侦测阶段时，因为尚未对子电池管理单元进行地址配置，因而此时主电池管理单元将设备地址设置为特殊地址0xFF，其中，特殊地址0xFF表明主电池管理单元正在下发广播帧，且该广播帧是对所有子电池管理单元所下发的数据帧，各个子电池管理单元对 包含有特殊地址0xFF的广播帧可以不予以应答。
功能码表明了主电池管理单元下发的帧数据所要执行的操作，而子电池管理单元发送相同的功能码表示响应了此次操作。如果子电池管理单元发送的功能码最高位为1，则表明子电池管理单元没有执行此次操作或子电池管理单元传送错误。
寄存器地址表明此次任务所包含的所有子任务的集合；寄存器值表明寄存器地址中包含的具体信息。
校验码可用于主电池管理单元和子电池管理单元之间的数据校验，防止对方执行错误的任务。
在上述技术方案的基础上，可选的，在主电池管理单元下发侦测帧之前，该电池地址管理方法还包括：主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元发送地址强制设置帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元将地址配置为默认地址。主电池管理单元通过下发地址强制设置帧，可以将所有的子电池管理单元的地址恢复为默认值，以便于各个子电池管理单元按照设定的方式进行地址修改，提高对于地址配置的效率。
在上述技术方案的基础上，可选的，为了提高主电池管理单元与子电池管理单元间通信的可靠性，本实施例中在主电池管理单元向子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧之后，该电池地址管理方法还包括：若在设定时间内未接收到预设地址应答帧，或接收到错误应答帧，则主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线重复下发预设地址分配帧，直至达到设定发送次数或接收到预设地址应答帧。
其中，子电池管理单元在接收到主电池管理单元下发的帧数据后，会按照设定的数据格式反馈应答帧数据，以便主电池管理单元根据该应答帧对通信效 果进行确认。当该应答帧数据是基于预设地址分配帧的帧数据时，即为预设地址应答帧。应答帧具有与预设地址分配帧相同的数据格式，即子电池管理单元按照与接收到的地址分配帧相同的数据格式向主电池管理单元反馈预设地址应答帧。当因为通信原因，导致子电池管理单元未接收到主电池管理单元下发的帧数据，或者主电池管理单元未接收到子电池管理单元反馈的应答帧数据，或者子电池管理单元反馈错误应答帧时，主电池管理单元都会重新下发该预设地址分配帧，以指示当前具有应答权的子电池管理单元重新进行地址分配。错误应答帧是指子电池管理单元按照错误的数据格式反馈的应答帧数据。可选的，错误应答帧具有下表所示的数据格式：
Figure PCTCN2020091101-appb-000002
其中，设备地址、功能码以及校验码与上述通用的数据格式所表征的意义相同，此处不再赘述。错误代码表明子电池管理单元没有执行主电池管理单元所下发的任务或者子电池管理单元反馈的帧数据存在传输错误。
主电池管理单元在重新发下预设地址分配帧达到设定次数前，若接收到预设地址应答帧，则主电池管理单元停止当前的重发进程，向该子电池管理单元下发确认握手帧，指示该子电池管理单元进行地址配置。或者在达到设定次数前，接收到中断帧，则停止当前的重发进程，转由响应该中断帧。中断帧是指具有中断功能的帧数据，中断帧具有更高的响应优先级。中断帧可以是错误应答帧，也可以是所有和主电池管理单元预设功能码不符的应答帧。
若重复下发预设地址分配帧达到设定次数依然未能接收到预设地址应答帧，主电池管理单元停止下发预设地址分配帧，并触发报警装置进行报警，以通知用户介入处理。
实施例二
图2为本发明实施例二提供的一种优化的电池地址管理方法的流程图，本实施例在上述实施例的基础上对下发侦测帧的过程进行了优化，该方法具体包括：
S210、所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元发送地址强制设置帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元将地址配置为默认地址。
S220、在预设侦测时间内，所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发侦测帧。
其中，侦测帧用于指示各个子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号，未接收到所述电平转换信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权。
S230、所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发广播帧。
其中，主电池管理单元通过下发广播帧，以通知各个子电池管理单元即将下发预设地址分配帧，即将自身准备就绪的状态通知给子电池管理单元，从而进一步加强了电池管理系统的通信可靠性。
本实施例中的广播帧的内容可以为空，或者为其他预设内容，本实施例对于广播帧的具体内容不作限定。
可选的，主电池管理单元可按照与侦测帧相同的数据格式下发广播帧，即从主电池管理单元下发的所有帧数据具有相同的数据格式，以方便子电池管理单元进行解析。
S240、接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元的广播应答帧，以确认所述具有 应答权的子电池管理单元准备就绪。
其中，具有应答权的子电池管理单元通过向主电池管理单元反馈广播应答帧，完成一次确认，以将子电池管理单元准备就绪的状态上报给主电池管理单元。
本实施例中，子电池管理单元反馈的帧数据与主电池管理单元下发的帧数据具有相同的数据格式。具体到本步骤中，子电池管理单元反馈的广播应答帧与主电池管理单元下发的广播帧具有相同的数据格式。
S250、所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧。
S260、接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元反馈的预设地址应答帧。
其中，子电池管理单元通过反馈预设地址应答帧，完成在地址下发过程中的二次确认，得以将对预设地址分配帧的解析情况通知主电池管理单元，通过严格执行该应答程序，进一步提高了主电池管理单元与子电池管理单元之间通信的可靠性。
S270、基于所述预设地址应答帧通过所述串行通信总线下发确认握手帧，以指示所述具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置。
其中，当主电池管理单元确认子电池管理单元已经正确获取所下发的地址数据，并已经处于准备就绪状态时，主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线下发确认握手帧，完成在地址下发过程中的第三次确认，至此，主电池管理单元和子电池管理单元确认当前通信过程中没有通信障碍或者传输问题，彼此状态符合要求。进而子电池管理单元在接收到确认握手帧后，即按照解析出的预设地址进行地址配置。
本实施例在地址发下过程中，通过三次确认，进一步排除了主电池管理单元和子电池管理单元之间的通信故障或传输故障，通过三次状态确认，进一步提高了电池管理系统的通信可靠性。
S280、所述主电池管理单元周期性下发所述预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
其中，主电池管理单元通过周期性下发预设地址分配帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元依次进行地址配置，直到所有的子电池管理单元配置好地址。
在上述技术方案的基础上，该周期性地址分配的过程具体包括：
所述主电池管理单元向所述子电池管理单元下发广播帧；
接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元的广播应答帧，以确认所述具有应答权的子电池管理单元准备就绪；
向所述子电池管理单元下发所述预设地址分配帧；
重复向所述子电池管理单元下发所述广播帧和所述预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
其中，主电池管理单元每次在发送预设地址分配帧前，先发送广播帧，以及接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元反馈的应答广播帧，以确认发送发和接收方均处于准备就绪状态。
在本实施例的某一可选方案中，主电池管理单元通过如下方法确认所有子电池管理单元完成地址配置：
若所述主电池管理单元下发所述广播帧后未接收到应答广播帧，则重复下发所述广播帧；
若重复下发所述广播帧达到设定次数，且未收到广播应答帧，则确定各个 子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
根据上述分析可知，主电池管理单元每次下发预设地址分配帧之前，先下发广播帧，且按照约定协议，子电池管理单元在接收到广播帧时，需要向主电池管理单元反馈广播应答帧。当主电池管理单元在下发完广播帧后，若未接收到应答广播帧，则主电池管理单元按照设定次数重复下发广播帧，若设定次数后依然未接收到广播应答帧，则确定所有的子电池管理单元均已完成地址配置。
在地址配置过程中，每个子电池管理单元通过上行信号线接收上一级子电池管理单元传送的配置完成信号，获知其上行位置存在子电池管理单元。但是因为位于下行位置的子电池管理单元并不会向其上行的子电池管理单元反馈信息，因而子电池管理单元并不能确认自身是否位于通信链路的最后位置。因而，在本实施例中，主电池管理单元在完成对通信链路末端的子电池管理单元的地址配置后，会继续下发广播帧，若没有应答，则按照设定次数重复下发广播帧，当达到设定发送次数时，未接收到广播应答帧，则确认已经完成对所有子电池管理单元的地址分配，且所以子电池管理单元也已经完成相应的地址配置。
本实施例技术方案，主电池管理单元在下发预设地址分配帧之前，先下发广播帧，以获取到具有应答权的子电池管理单元的应答广播帧，完成一次确认；再通过下发预设地址分配帧，并且接收应答地址分配帧的方式完成第二次确认；通过两次确认，实现在地址配置前对发送方和接收方的状态确认。最后主电池管理单元通过下发确认握手帧，指示子电池管理单元进行地址配置。主电池管理单元通过两次下发指令，进行三次握手的方式与子电池管理单元进行通信，提高了电池管理系统的通信可靠性，从而使得子电池管理单元严格按照主电池管理单元的下发指令进行地址配置。
实施例三
图3为本发明实施例三提供的一种电池管理系统的结构示意图，该电池管理系统包括主电池管理单元400和至少两个子电池管理单元500，其中，
主电池管理单元400通过串行通信总线与至少两个子电池管理单元500通信；每个子电池管理单元500均设置有上行口和下行口，上一级子电池管理单元500的下行口与下一级子电池管理单元500的上行口通过信号线相连，且首个子电池管理单元500的上行口与主电池管理单元400相连。
主电池管理单元400具体用于在预设侦测时间内，通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元500下发侦测帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元500通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元500传送电平转换信号；其中，未接收到电平转换信号的子电池管理单元500具有应答权；
主电池管理单元400还用于通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元500下发预设地址分配帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元500进行地址配置，以及在配置好地址后通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元500传送配置完成信号，其中，接收到配置完成信号的子电池管理单元500具有应答权；以及，
周期性下发预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元500完成地址配置。
可选的，本实施例中的串行通信总线为RS485通信总线，各个子电池管理单元500之间的信号线为GPIO信号线，以传送可变的电平信号。在本实施例的某一可选方案中，各个子电池管理单元500之间通过RJ-45连接器并联，其中，RJ-45连接器的管脚包括与RS485通信总线通信的Tx信号线和Rx信号线，以及一根用于各个子电池管理单元500之间传送信号的GPIO信号线。RJ-45连 接器的其他管脚由用户自定义。
在上述技术方案的基础上，主电池管理单元400还用于在向子电池管理单元500下发侦测帧之前，通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元500发送地址强制设置帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元500将地址配置为默认地址。
在上述技术方案的基础上，主电池管理单元400通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元500下发预设地址分配帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元500进行地址配置，具体包括：
主电池管理单元400通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元500下发广播帧；
接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元500的广播应答帧，以确认具有应答权的子电池管理单元500准备就绪；
主电池管理单元400通过串行通信总线向子电池管理单元500下发预设地址分配帧；
接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元500反馈的预设地址应答帧；
基于预设地址应答帧通过串行通信总线下发确认握手帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元500进行地址配置。
在上述技术方案的基础上，主电池管理单元400向子电池管理单元500下发预设地址分配帧之后，还用于：
若在设定时间内未接收到预设地址应答帧，或接收到错误应答帧，则通过串行通信总线重复下发预设地址分配帧，直至达到设定发送次数或接收到预设地址应答帧。
在上述技术方案的基础上，主电池管理单元400周期性下发预设地址分配帧，直至各个子电池管理单元500的地址配置完成，具体包括：
主电池管理单元400向子电池管理单元500下发广播帧；
接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元500的广播应答帧，以确认具有应答权的子电池管理单元500准备就绪；
向子电池管理单元500下发预设地址分配帧；
重复向子电池管理单元500下发广播帧和预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元500完成地址配置。
在上述技术方案的基础上，主电池管理单元400确定各个子电池管理单元500完成地址配置具体包括：
若主电池管理单元400下发广播帧后未接收到应答广播帧，则重复下发广播帧；
若重复下发广播帧达到设定次数，且未收到广播应答帧，则确定各个子电池管理单元500完成地址配置。
上述产品可执行本发明实施例任意实施例所提供的方法，具备执行方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。
注意，上述仅为本发明的较佳实施例及所运用技术原理。本领域技术人员会理解，本发明不限于这里所述的特定实施例，对本领域技术人员来说能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整和替代而不会脱离本发明的保护范围。因此，虽然通过以上实施例对本发明进行了较为详细的说明，但是本发明不仅仅限于以上实施例，在不脱离本发明构思的情况下，还可以包括更多其他等效实施例，而本发明的范围由所附的权利要求范围决定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池地址管理方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统包括通过串行通信总线通信的主电池管理单元和至少两个子电池管理单元，每个子电池管理单元的下行口与下一级子电池管理单元的上行口通过信号线相连，且首个子电池管理单元的上行口与所述主电池管理单元相连；所述方法包括：
    在预设侦测时间内，所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发侦测帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号，其中，未接收到所述电平转换信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；
    所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置，以及在配置好地址后通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，其中，接收到所述配置完成信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；
    所述主电池管理单元周期性下发所述预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池地址管理方法，其特征在于，在所述在预设侦测时间内，所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发侦测帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元发送地址强制设置帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元将地址配置为默认地址。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池地址管理方法，其特征在于，所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置，包括：
    所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧；
    接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元反馈的预设地址应答帧；
    基于所述预设地址应答帧通过所述串行通信总线下发确认握手帧，以指示所述具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池地址管理方法，其特征在于，在所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发广播帧；
    接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元的广播应答帧，以确认所述具有应答权的子电池管理单元准备就绪。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池地址管理方法，其特征在于，在所述主电池管理单元向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧之后，所述方法还包括：
    若在设定时间内未接收到预设地址应答帧，或接收到错误应答帧，则所述主电池管理单元通过所述串行通信总线重复下发所述预设地址分配帧，直至达到设定发送次数或接收到预设地址应答帧。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池地址管理方法，其特征在于，所述主电池管理单元周期性下发所述预设地址分配帧，直至各个子电池管理单元的地址配置完成，包括：
    所述主电池管理单元向所述子电池管理单元下发广播帧；
    接收具有应答权的子电池管理单元的广播应答帧，以确认所述具有应答权的子电池管理单元准备就绪；
    向所述子电池管理单元下发所述预设地址分配帧；
    重复向所述子电池管理单元下发所述广播帧和所述预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池地址管理方法，其特征在于，所述确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置，包括：
    若所述主电池管理单元下发所述广播帧后未接收到应答广播帧，则重复下发所述广播帧；
    若重复下发所述广播帧达到设定次数，且未收到广播应答帧，则确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池地址管理方法，其特征在于，所述串行通信总线为RS485通信总线；所述信号线为GPIO信号线。
  9. 一种电池管理系统，其特征在于，包括主电池管理单元和至少两个子电池管理单元，其中，所述主电池管理单元通过串行通信总线与所述至少两个子电池管理单元通信；每个所述子电池管理单元均设置有上行口和下行口，上一级子电池管理单元的下行口与下一级子电池管理单元的上行口通过信号线相连，且首个子电池管理单元的上行口与所述 主电池管理单元相连；
    所述主电池管理单元用于在预设侦测时间内，通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发侦测帧，以指示各个子电池管理单元通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送电平转换信号；其中，未接收到所述电平转换信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；
    所述主电池管理单元还用于通过所述串行通信总线向所述子电池管理单元下发预设地址分配帧，以指示具有应答权的子电池管理单元进行地址配置，以及在配置好地址后通过信号线向下一级子电池管理单元传送配置完成信号，其中，接收到所述配置完成信号的子电池管理单元具有应答权；以及，
    周期性下发所述预设地址分配帧，直至确定各个子电池管理单元完成地址配置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池管理系统，其特征在于，所述串行通信总线为RS485通信总线；所述至少两个子电池管理单元之间通过RJ-45连接器并联；其中，所述RJ-45连接器包括与所述RS485通信总线通信的Tx信号线和Rx信号线，以及用于各个子电池管理单元之间传送信号的GPIO信号线。
PCT/CN2020/091101 2019-12-26 2020-05-19 电池地址管理方法及电池管理系统 WO2021128712A1 (zh)

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