WO2021128170A1 - 基站天线单元 - Google Patents

基站天线单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021128170A1
WO2021128170A1 PCT/CN2019/128731 CN2019128731W WO2021128170A1 WO 2021128170 A1 WO2021128170 A1 WO 2021128170A1 CN 2019128731 W CN2019128731 W CN 2019128731W WO 2021128170 A1 WO2021128170 A1 WO 2021128170A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
line
feeder
electrically connected
ohm microstrip
connection line
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/128731
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史大为
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/128731 priority Critical patent/WO2021128170A1/zh
Publication of WO2021128170A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021128170A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a base station antenna unit.
  • the fifth-generation mobile communication technology will greatly change people’s existing lifestyles and promote the continuous development of society.
  • base station antenna units will also be more widely used.
  • Large-scale array antennas also put forward higher requirements for antenna elements.
  • the existing base station antenna unit structure is responsible, which is not conducive to miniaturization.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a base station antenna unit with a simple structure.
  • the utility model provides a base station antenna unit.
  • the base station antenna unit includes a support portion and two radiating portions erected on the support portion.
  • the support portion includes an integrally formed support frame and a feeder plated on the support frame.
  • An electrical network and a feeder line connected to the feeder network the support frame includes a support base plate and two brackets erected on the support base plate, the feeder network is formed on the surface of the support base plate, so The feed line is formed on the surface of the bracket, the radiating part includes a radiating substrate and a radiator, the bracket and the radiating substrate are fixedly connected, and the radiator is formed on the radiating substrate by electroplating.
  • the feed network is a microstrip line.
  • each of the brackets includes a first antenna bracket, a second antenna bracket, a third antenna bracket, and a fourth antenna bracket
  • the supporting substrate passes through the first antenna bracket, the second antenna bracket, and the
  • the third antenna frame and the fourth antenna frame are fixedly connected to the radiating substrate, the first antenna frame and the second antenna frame are located on the first plane, and the third antenna frame and the fourth antenna frame are located on the second plane
  • the first plane is perpendicular to the second plane
  • the feeder line on each bracket includes a first feeder line, a second feeder line, a third feeder line, and a fourth feeder line
  • the first feeder line Electroplating is formed on the first antenna frame
  • the second feeder is formed on the second antenna frame by electroplating
  • the third feeder is formed on the third antenna frame by electroplating
  • the fourth feeder is formed by electroplating ⁇ The fourth antenna frame.
  • the feeder network includes a first power branch line and a second power branch line respectively connected to two feed ports, and the first power branch line is respectively connected to the first power branch line on each support.
  • a feeder line and a second feeder line are electrically connected, and the second power distribution line is respectively electrically connected with the third feeder line and the fourth feeder line on each bracket.
  • the radiating substrate is parallel to the supporting substrate, and the bracket is perpendicular to the radiating substrate and the supporting substrate.
  • the base station antenna unit further includes a ground plate formed on the supporting substrate by electroplating, and the ground plate is located on the side of the supporting substrate away from the radiator.
  • the feed line couples and feeds the radiator.
  • the distance between the radiator and the radiator is 14 mm.
  • the first power split line includes a first bus and two first split lines separated from the first bus
  • the first split line includes a first connection line, a second connection line
  • the third connection line is electrically connected to the first bus line and the first connection line
  • the first connection line is electrically connected to the second connection line and the third connection line
  • the second connection line is electrically connected to the
  • the first feeder line is electrically connected
  • the third connection line is electrically connected to the second feeder line
  • the second power distribution line includes a second bus and two second bus lines separated from the second bus.
  • the second separation line includes a fourth connection line, a fifth connection line, and a sixth connection line
  • the second bus is electrically connected to the fourth connection line
  • the fourth connection line is respectively connected to the first
  • the fifth connection line and the sixth connection line are electrically connected;
  • the fifth connection line is electrically connected to the third feeder line, and the sixth connection line is electrically connected to the fourth feeder line.
  • the first bus is a 50 ohm microstrip line
  • the first connection line includes three types of resistance microstrip lines
  • the first connection line is a 100 ohm microstrip line and a 70.7 ohm microstrip line in sequence.
  • the 100 ohm microstrip line of the first connection line is electrically connected to the first bus
  • the second connection line includes two types of resistance microstrip lines
  • the second connection line The 70.7 ohm microstrip line and the 50 ohm microstrip line in turn, the 70.7 ohm microstrip line of the second connection line is electrically connected to the 50 ohm microstrip line of the first connection line, and the 50 ohm microstrip line of the second connection line
  • the microstrip line is electrically connected to the first feeder line
  • the third connection line includes microstrip lines of three resistance values
  • the third connection line is a 100 ohm microstrip line, a 70.7 ohm microstrip line, and A 50-ohm microstrip line
  • the 100-ohm microstrip line of the third connecting line is electrically connected to the 50-ohm microstrip line of the first connecting line
  • the second bus is a 50 ohm microstrip line
  • the fourth connection line includes three types of resistance microstrip lines
  • the fourth connection line is a 100 ohm microstrip line, a 70.7 ohm microstrip line, and a 50 ohm microstrip line.
  • the 100 ohm microstrip line of the fourth connection line is electrically connected to the second bus
  • the fifth connection line includes two types of resistance microstrip lines
  • the fifth connection line is a 70.7 ohm microstrip in turn Line and a 50 ohm microstrip line
  • the 70.7 ohm microstrip line of the fifth connection line is electrically connected to the 50 ohm microstrip line of the fourth connection line
  • the 50 ohm microstrip line of the fifth connection line is electrically connected to the
  • the third feeder line is electrically connected
  • the sixth connection line includes microstrip lines of three resistance values
  • the sixth connection line is a 100 ohm microstrip line, a 70.7 ohm microstrip line, and a 50 ohm microstrip line in sequence
  • the 100-ohm microstrip line of the sixth connection line is electrically connected to the 50-ohm microstrip line of the fourth connection line
  • the base station antenna unit of the present utility model includes a support part and two radiating parts erected on the support part.
  • the support part includes an integrally formed support frame and electroplated on the support frame.
  • a feeder network and a feeder line connected to the feeder network the support frame includes a support substrate and two brackets erected on the support substrate, the feeder network is formed on the surface of the support substrate, The feeder line is formed on the surface of the bracket, the radiating part includes a radiating substrate and a radiator, the bracket and the radiating substrate are fixedly connected, the radiator is formed on the radiating substrate by electroplating, and the base station antenna unit
  • the structure of the base station antenna is simple, the base station antenna unit has the characteristics of small size, low profile, wide bandwidth, high production consistency, and good stability; moreover, a small amount of 50 ohm microstrip lines are used in the feed network of the present utility model, which reduces the microstrip Line size, and help to improve the isolation between radiating units.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a base station antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the radiation part provided by the embodiment of the utility model.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a base station antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the utility model.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure from another perspective of the base station antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure from another perspective of the base station antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a feeder provided by an embodiment of the utility model.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeder network provided by the embodiment of the utility model.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of a first power dividing line provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of a feeder network in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the utility model.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of a second power dividing line provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between voltage standing wave ratio and frequency of a base station antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of transmission coefficients of two feed ports of a base station antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a base station antenna unit 10.
  • the base station antenna unit 10 includes a supporting portion 11 and two radiating portions 13 erected on the supporting portion 11, and the supporting portion 11 includes an integrally formed
  • the supporting frame 111, the feeding network 112 plated on the supporting frame 111, and the feeding line 113 connected to the feeding network 112, and the feeding network 112 feeds the radiation part 13 through the feeding line 113.
  • the radiating part 13 includes a radiating substrate 131 and a radiator 132, and the radiator 132 is formed on the radiating substrate 131 by electroplating.
  • the radiating substrate 131 and the supporting frame are fixedly connected.
  • the shape of the radiation substrate 131 is not limited.
  • the radiator 132 is on the support frame of the projection position of the radiating substrate 131.
  • the radiating substrate 131 is provided with a fixing hole 1311, and the fixing hole 1311 is used to allow the support frame to pass through to fix the radiating substrate 131.
  • the number of fixing holes 1311 is four.
  • the radiator 132 is located on the side of the radiating substrate 131 away from the support frame.
  • the shape of the radiator 132 is not limited.
  • the radiator 132 includes a relief hole 1321, and the relief hole 1321 allows the support frame to pass through to fix the radiator 132.
  • the number of the relief holes 1321 and the number of the fixing holes 1311 are equal, and the positions of the relief holes 1321 and the positions of the fixing holes 1311 correspond one-to-one.
  • the material of the radiator 132 may be nickel silver.
  • the support frame 111 includes a support substrate 1111 and two supports 1112 erected on the support substrate.
  • the feeder network 112 is formed on the surface of the support substrate 1111 by electroplating, and the feeder 113 is formed on the support 1112. s surface.
  • the bracket 1112 and the radiating substrate 131 are fixedly connected.
  • the structures of the two brackets 1112 are the same, and the present invention only describes the structure of one bracket 1112.
  • Each support 1112 includes a first antenna support 1113, a second antenna support 1114, a third antenna support 1115, and a fourth antenna support 1116, and the supporting substrate respectively passes through the first antenna support 1113, the second antenna support 1114, and the third antenna support 1115.
  • the fourth antenna frame 1116 and the radiating substrate 131 are fixedly connected.
  • the first antenna frame 1113 and the second antenna frame 1114 are located on a first plane
  • the third antenna frame 1115 and the fourth antenna frame 1116 are located on a second plane
  • the first plane is perpendicular to the second plane.
  • the first antenna frame 1113, the second antenna frame 1114, the third antenna frame 1115, and the fourth antenna frame 1116 pass through the radiating substrate 131 and the radiator 132, respectively.
  • the first antenna frame 1113, the second antenna frame 1114, the third antenna frame 1115, and the fourth antenna frame 1116 are detachably and fixedly connected to the radiating substrate 131 of the radiating portion 13 through the snap structure.
  • each antenna frame Both include a support plate 1117 and a fastener 1118, the support plate 1117 and the support substrate are fixedly connected, the support plate 1117 and the fastener 1118 are fixedly connected, the fastener 1118 passes through the fixing hole 1311 and the relief hole 1321 to fix the radiating part 13 .
  • the bracket 1112 is perpendicular to the supporting substrate 1111 and the radiating substrate 131 respectively.
  • the support 11 also includes a ground plate 114 and a feed port 115.
  • the ground plate 114 is electroplated and formed on the support substrate 1111.
  • the feed network 112 is electrically connected to the feed line 113 and the feed port 115, respectively.
  • the feed port 115 is electrically connected to the external radio frequency front end.
  • the feeding network 112 couples and feeds the radiator 132 through the feeding line 113.
  • the support substrate 1111 includes a first surface and a second surface opposed to each other.
  • the feeding network 112 is electroplated and formed on the first surface of the support substrate 1111, and the ground plate 114 is electroplated and formed on the second surface of the substrate.
  • the first surface of the supporting substrate 1111 and the supporting plate 1117 of the bracket 1112 are fixedly connected.
  • the supporting substrate 1111 is also provided with a communication hole (not shown). The communication hole is used for the feeding port 115 to pass through, so that the feeding port 115 and the feeding network 112 are electrically connected, and the feeding port 115 is removed from the support
  • the second surface of the substrate 1111 is exposed.
  • the support substrate 1111 is parallel to the radiation substrate 131.
  • the distance between the support substrate 1111 and the radiator 132 is 14 mm.
  • the ground plate 114 and the feeding port 115 are electrically disconnected.
  • the ground plate 114 is located on the side of the supporting substrate 1111 away from the radiator 132.
  • the ground plate 114 includes an escape hole 1141.
  • the escape hole 1141 is used to allow the feed port 115 to pass through the ground plate 114, so that the feed port 115 is electrically connected to the external radio frequency front end.
  • the ground plate 114 can reflect the radiation signal of the base station antenna unit 10, so that the signal of the base station antenna unit 10 can be radiated concentratedly.
  • the number of feed lines 113 includes two, and each feed line 113 couples and feeds a radiator 132.
  • the two feeders 113 have the same structure, and this application only describes one feeder 113.
  • the feeder 113 on each bracket includes a first feeder 1131, a second feeder 1132, a third feeder 1133, and a fourth feeder 1134.
  • the first feeder 1131 is formed on the first antenna stand 1113 by electroplating, and the second feeder
  • the wires 1132 are electroplated on the second antenna frame 1114, the third feed wires 1133 are electroplated on the third antenna frame 1115, and the fourth feed wires 1134 are electroplated on the fourth antenna frame 1116.
  • the first feeder Wire 1131 The plane where the second feeder 1132 is located is perpendicular to the plane where the third feeder 1133 and the fourth feeder 1134 are located, that is, the first feeder 1131, the second feeder 1132, the third feeder 1133, and the fourth feeder 1134 feeds the radiator 132 orthogonally.
  • the shapes of the first feeder 1131, the second feeder 1132, the third feeder 1133, and the fourth feeder 1134 are not limited. In the present invention, the first feeder 1131, the second feeder 1132, the third feeder Both the wire 1133 and the fourth feeder 1134 have an S-shaped curve, and the coupling and feeding effect of the feeder 113 is better.
  • the feed network 112 of the present invention is a microstrip line.
  • the feeding network 112 includes a first power dividing line 1121 and a second power dividing line 1122 respectively connected to two feeding ports, and the first power dividing line 1121 is connected to the first feeding line 1131 and the second feeding line, respectively.
  • 1132 is electrically connected, and the second power distribution line 1122 is electrically connected to the third feeder 1133 and the fourth feeder 1134 respectively.
  • the first power dividing line 1121 includes a first bus 1123 and two first separating lines 1124, and the first bus 1123 is electrically connected to the two first separating lines 1124.
  • the number of first separation lines 1124 is equal to the number of feed lines 113 and the number of radiation parts 13.
  • Each first separation line 1124 is electrically connected to a feed line 113, and each first separation line 1124 couples and feeds a radiator 132 through a feed line 113.
  • the first bus 1123 is a 50-ohm line, and in this application, the line width of the first bus 1123 is 2.76 mm.
  • the first separation line 1124 includes a first connection line 1125, a second connection line 1126, and a third connection line 1127.
  • the first bus 1123 is electrically connected to the first connection line 1125, and the first connection line 1125 is also respectively connected to the second connection line.
  • 1126, the third connecting wire 1127 is electrically connected, the second connecting wire 1126 is electrically connected with the first feeding wire 1131, and the third connecting wire 1127 is electrically connected with the second feeding wire 1132.
  • the first connecting line 1125 includes three types of resistance microstrip lines.
  • the first connecting line 1125 is a 100 ohm microstrip line, a 70.7 ohm microstrip line and a 50 ohm microstrip line.
  • the first connecting line 1125 is a 100 ohm microstrip line
  • the wire is electrically connected to the first bus 1123, and the 50-ohm microstrip line of the first connecting wire 1125 is electrically connected to the second connecting wire 1126 and the third connecting wire 1127, respectively.
  • the line width of the 100 ohm microstrip line is 0.58 mm
  • the line width of the 70.7 ohm microstrip line is 1.42 mm
  • the line width of the 50 ohm microstrip line is 2.76 mm.
  • the line length occupied by the microstrip lines with different resistances of the first connecting line 1125 can be set as required.
  • the second connecting line 1126 includes two types of resistance microstrip lines.
  • the second connecting line 1126 is a 70.7 ohm microstrip line and a 50 ohm microstrip line in sequence.
  • the 70.7 ohm microstrip line of the second connecting line 1126 is connected to the first connecting line.
  • the 50-ohm microstrip line of 1125 is electrically connected, and the 50-ohm microstrip line of the second connecting line 1126 is electrically connected to the first feed line 1131.
  • the line length occupied by the microstrip lines with different resistances of the second connecting line 1126 can be set as required.
  • the third connecting line 1127 includes three types of resistance microstrip lines, the third connecting line 1127 is a 100 ohm microstrip line, a 70.7 ohm microstrip line and a 50 ohm microstrip line, and the third connecting line 1127 is a 100 ohm microstrip line
  • the 50 ohm microstrip line of the first connecting line 1125 and the 50 ohm microstrip line are electrically connected to the 50 ohm microstrip line of the third connecting line 1127 and the second feeding line 1132.
  • the line length occupied by the microstrip lines with different resistances of the third connecting line 1127 can be set as required.
  • the structure of the first power split line 1121 reduces the trace length of the 50 ohm microstrip line of 2.76mm, which greatly reduces the trace area of the feeder network and improves the base station antenna.
  • the isolation of the unit 10 greatly promotes, and at the same time, the reduction in the area of the feed network is also conducive to the layout of the large-scale array antenna.
  • the second power dividing line 1122 includes a second bus 1128 and two second dividing lines 1129, and the second bus 1128 is electrically connected to the two second dividing lines 1129.
  • the number of second separation lines 1129 is equal to the number of feed lines 113 and the number of radiation parts 13.
  • Each second split line 1129 is electrically connected to a feed line 113, and each second split line 1129 couples and feeds a radiator 132 through a feed line 113.
  • the second bus 1128 is a 50-ohm line.
  • the line width of the second bus 1128 is 2.76 mm.
  • the second separation line 1129 includes a fourth connection line 1161, a fifth connection line 1162, and a sixth connection line 1163.
  • the second bus 1128 is electrically connected to the fourth connection line 1161, and the fourth connection line 1161 is respectively connected to the fifth connection line 1162.
  • the sixth connection line 1163 is electrically connected; the fifth connection line 1162 is electrically connected to the third feeder line 1133, and the sixth connection line 1163 is electrically connected to the fourth feeder line 1134.
  • the fourth connecting line 1161 includes microstrip lines with three resistance values.
  • the fourth connecting line 1161 is a 100 ohm microstrip line, a 70.7 ohm microstrip line and a 50 ohm microstrip line, and the fourth connecting line 1161 is a 100 ohm microstrip line
  • the wire is electrically connected to the second bus 1128, and the 50-ohm microstrip line of the fourth connection line 1161 is electrically connected to the fifth connection line 1162 and the sixth connection line 1163, respectively.
  • the length occupied by the microstrip lines with different resistances of the fourth connecting line 1161 can be set as required.
  • the fifth connecting line 1162 includes two types of resistance microstrip lines.
  • the fifth connecting line 1162 is a 70.7 ohm microstrip line and a 50 ohm microstrip line in sequence.
  • the fifth connecting line 1162 has a 70.7 ohm microstrip line and the fourth connecting line.
  • the 50-ohm microstrip line of 1161 is electrically connected, and the 50-ohm microstrip line of the fifth connecting line 1162 is electrically connected to the third feeder 1133.
  • the length occupied by the microstrip lines with different resistances of the fifth connecting line 1162 can be set as required.
  • the sixth connecting line 1163 includes microstrip lines with three resistance values, the sixth connecting line 1163 is a 100 ohm microstrip line, a 70.7 ohm microstrip line and a 50 ohm microstrip line, and the sixth connecting line 1163 is a 100 ohm microstrip line
  • the 50-ohm microstrip line of the fourth connecting line 1161 is electrically connected
  • the 50-ohm microstrip line of the sixth connecting line 1163 is electrically connected to the fourth feeding line 1134.
  • the structure of the second power split line 1122 reduces the trace length of the 50 ohm microstrip line of 2.76mm, which greatly reduces the trace area of the feeder network and improves the base station antenna.
  • the isolation of the unit 10 greatly promotes, and at the same time, the reduction in the area of the feed network is also conducive to the layout of the large-scale array antenna.
  • the specific type of the feeding port 115 is not limited, as long as it can be electrically connected to an external radio frequency front end.
  • the feeding port 115 is partially located in the communication hole.
  • the feeding port 115 includes two. One end of one of the feeding ports 115 is electrically connected to the first bus 1123 of the first power distribution line 1121 of the feeding network 112, and the other end is exposed from the second surface of the supporting substrate 1111; one end of the other feeding port 115 is connected to The second bus 1128 of the second power dividing line 1122 of the feeding network 112 is electrically connected, and the other end is exposed from the second surface of the supporting substrate 1111.
  • the performance of the above-mentioned base station antenna unit 10 is shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12. From the figures, it can be seen that the base station antenna unit 10 can cover the 2500-2700 MHz frequency band and has excellent isolation.
  • the embodiment of the present utility model includes a base station antenna unit including a feeder assembly, a support, a radiating substrate and a radiator, the feeder assembly and the support are fixedly connected, and the support and the radiating substrate are fixed.
  • the radiator is electroplated and formed on the radiating substrate.
  • the base station antenna unit has a simple structure.
  • the base station antenna unit has the characteristics of small size, low profile, wide bandwidth, high production consistency, and good stability.

Abstract

本实用新型涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种基站天线单元。基站天线单元包括支撑部和架设于所述支撑部的两个辐射部，所述支撑部包括一体成型的支撑架、电镀于所述支撑架的馈电网络和与所述馈电网络连接的馈电线，所述支撑架包括一支撑基板和立设于所述支撑基板的两个支架，所述馈电网络形成于所述支撑基板的表面，所述馈电线形成于所述支架的表面，所述辐射部包括辐射基板和辐射体，所述支架和所述辐射基板固定连接，所述辐射体电镀形成于所述辐射基板上。本实用新型的基站天线单元的结构简单，基站天线单元具有尺寸小，剖面低、带宽宽，生产一致性高，稳定性好的特点。

Description

基站天线单元 技术领域
本实用新型涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种基站天线单元。
背景技术
第五代移动通信技术将会极大地改变人们现有的生活方式，推动社会不断发展，为了适应未来5G高速率、低延时、高容量等技术特点，基站天线单元也将更多的采用大规模阵列天线、从而也对于天线阵子提出了更高要求。而现有的基站天线单元结构负责，不利于小型化。
因此，有必要提供一种结构简单的基站天线单元以解决上述问题。
发明概述
技术问题
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种结构简单的基站天线单元。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本实用新型的技术方案如下：
本实用新型提供一种基站天线单元，所述基站天线单元包括支撑部和架设于所述支撑部的两个辐射部，所述支撑部包括一体成型的支撑架、电镀于所述支撑架的馈电网络和与所述馈电网络连接的馈电线，所述支撑架包括一支撑基板和立设于所述支撑基板的两个支架，所述馈电网络形成于所述支撑基板的表面，所述馈电线形成于所述支架的表面，所述辐射部包括辐射基板和辐射体，所述支架和所述辐射基板固定连接，所述辐射体电镀形成于所述辐射基板上。
作为一种改进方式，所述馈电网络为微带线。
作为一种改进方式，每个所述支架包括第一天线架、第二天线架、第三天线架和第四天线架，所述支撑基板分别通过所述第一天线架、第二天线架、第三天线架和第四天线架与所述辐射基板固定连接，所述第一天线架、第二天线架位于第一平面上，所述第三天线架和第四天线架位于第二平面上，所述第一平面 垂直于所述第二平面，每个支架上的所述馈电线包括第一馈电线、第二馈电线、第三馈电线和第四馈电线，所述第一馈电线电镀形成于所述第一天线架，所述第二馈电线电镀形成于所述第二天线架，所述第三馈电线电镀形成于所述第三天线架，所述第四馈电线电镀形成于所述第四天线架。
作为一种改进方式，所述馈电网络包括分别与两个馈电端口连接的第一功分线和第二功分线，所述第一功分线分别与每个支架上的所述第一馈电线、第二馈电线电性连接，所述第二功分线分别与每个支架上的所述第三馈电线、第四馈电线电性连接。
作为一种改进方式，所述辐射基板与所述支撑基板平行，所述支架与所述辐射基板、所述支撑基板垂直。
作为一种改进方式，所述基站天线单元还包括电镀形成于所述支撑基板上的接地板，接地板位于支撑基板上远离所述辐射体的一侧。
作为一种改进方式，所述馈电线给所述辐射体耦合馈电。
作为一种改进方式，所述辐射体与所述辐射体之间的距离为14mm。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一功分线包括第一总线和自所述第一总线分离的两个第一分离线，所述第一分离线包括第一连接线、第二连接线和第三连接线，所述第一总线和第一连接线电性连接，所述第一连接线分别与所述第二连接线、第三连接线电性连接，所述第二连接线与所述第一馈电线电性连接，所述第三连接线与所述第二馈电线电性连接；所述第二功分线包括第二总线和自所述第二总线分离的两个第二分离线，所述第二分离线包括第四连接线、第五连接线和第六连接线，所述第二总线和第四连接线电性连接，所述第四连接线分别与所述第五连接线、第六连接线电性连接；所述第五连接线与所述第三馈电线电性连接，所述第六连接线与所述第四馈电线电性连接。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一总线为50欧姆微带线，所述第一连接线包括三种阻值的微带线，第一连接线依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第一连接线的100欧姆微带线与所述第一总线电性连接，所述第二连接线包括两种阻值的微带线，所述第二连接线依次为70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第二连接线的70.7欧姆微带线与所述第一连接线的50欧姆微带线电性连接，所 述第二连接线的50欧姆微带线与所述第一馈电线电性连接，所述第三连接线包括三种阻值的微带线，所述第三连接线依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第三连接线的100欧姆微带线与所述第一连接线的50欧姆微带线电性连接，所述第三连接线的50欧姆微带线与所述第二馈电线电性连接；
所述第二总线为50欧姆微带线，所述第四连接线包括三种阻值的微带线，第四连接线依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第四连接线的100欧姆微带线与所述第二总线电性连接，所述第五连接线包括两种阻值的微带线，所述第五连接线依次为70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第五连接线的70.7欧姆微带线与所述第四连接线的50欧姆微带线电性连接，所述第五连接线的50欧姆微带线与所述第三馈电线电性连接，所述第六连接线包括三种阻值的微带线，所述第六连接线依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第六连接线的100欧姆微带线与所述第四连接线的50欧姆微带线电性连接，所述第六连接线的50欧姆微带线与所述第四馈电线电性连接。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本实用新型实施方式相对于现有技术而言，基站天线单元包括支撑部和架设于所述支撑部的两个辐射部，所述支撑部包括一体成型的支撑架、电镀于所述支撑架的馈电网络和与所述馈电网络连接的馈电线，所述支撑架包括一支撑基板和立设于所述支撑基板的两个支架，所述馈电网络形成于所述支撑基板的表面，所述馈电线形成于所述支架的表面，所述辐射部包括辐射基板和辐射体，所述支架和所述辐射基板固定连接，所述辐射体电镀形成于所述辐射基板上，基站天线单元的结构简单，基站天线单元具有尺寸小，剖面低、带宽宽，生产一致性高，稳定性好的特点；且，本实用新型的馈电网络中少量使用50欧姆微带线，缩减了微带线尺寸，并有利于提升辐射单元之间的隔离度。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1为本实用新型实施例提供的基站天线单元的立体结构示意图。
图2为本实用新型实施例提供的辐射部的爆炸结构示意图。
图3为本实用新型实施例提供的基站天线单元的爆炸结构示意图。
图4为本实用新型实施例提供的基站天线单元的另一视角的爆炸结构示意图。
图5为本实用新型实施例提供的基站天线单元的又一视角的爆炸结构示意图。
图6为本实用新型实施例提供的馈电线的立体结构示意图。
图7为本实用新型实施例提供的馈电网络的结构示意图。
图8为本实用新型实施例提供的第一功分线的部分结构示意图。
图9为本实用新型实施例提供的现有技术的馈电网络的部分结构示意图。
图10为本实用新型实施例提供的第二功分线的部分结构示意图。
图11为本实用新型实施例提供的基站天线单元的电压驻波比与频率关系的示意图。
图12为本实用新型实施例提供的基站天线单元的两个馈电端口的传输系数示意图。
发明实施例
具体实施方式
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本实用新型，并不用于限定本实用新型。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
本实用新型的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
需要说明的是，在本实用新型中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的 ，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本实用新型要求的保护范围之内。
请一并参阅图1，本实用新型提供一种基站天线单元10，基站天线单元10包括支撑部11和架设于所述支撑部11的两个辐射部13，所述支撑部11包括一体成型的支撑架111、电镀于所述支撑架111的馈电网络112和与所述馈电网络112连接的馈电线113，馈电网络112通过馈电线113给辐射部13馈电。
请参阅图2，两个辐射部13的结构一致，本实用新型仅对一个辐射部13的结构予以说明。辐射部13包括辐射基板131和辐射体132，辐射体132电镀形成于所述辐射基板131上。
辐射基板131和支撑架固定连接。辐射基板131的形状不做限定。优选地，辐射体132在辐射基板131的投影位支撑架上。辐射基板131上开设有固定孔1311，固定孔1311用于使支撑架穿过，以固定辐射基板131。本实施例中，固定孔1311的数量为四个。
辐射体132位于辐射基板131远离支撑架的一侧。辐射体132的形状不做限定。优选地，辐射体132包括让位孔1321，让位孔1321供支撑架穿过，以固定辐射体132。让位孔1321的数量和固定孔1311的数量相等，让位孔1321的位置和固定孔1311的位置一一对应。辐射体132的材料可以为洋白铜。
请一并参阅图3和图4，支撑架111包括一支撑基板1111和立设于支撑基板的两个支架1112，馈电网络112电镀形成于支撑基板1111的表面，馈电线113形成于支架1112的表面。
支架1112和所述辐射基板131固定连接。两个支架1112的结构一致，本实用新型仅对一个支架1112的结构予以说明。每个支架1112包括第一天线架1113、第二天线架1114、第三天线架1115和第四天线架1116，支撑基板分别通过第一天线架1113、第二天线架1114、第三天线架1115和第四天线架1116与辐射基板131固定连接。第一天线架1113、第二天线架1114位于第一平面上，第三天线架111 5和第四天线架1116位于第二平面上，第一平面垂直于第二平面。优选地，第一天线架1113、第二天线架1114、第三天线架1115和第四天线架1116分别穿过辐射基板131和辐射体132。优选地，第一天线架1113、第二天线架1114、第三天线架1115和第四天线架1116通过卡扣结构和辐射部13的辐射基板131可拆卸固定连接，具体的，每个天线架都包括支撑板1117和卡扣件1118，支撑板1117和支撑基板固定连接，支撑板1117和卡扣件1118固定连接，卡扣件1118穿过固定孔1311和让位孔1321以固定辐射部13。优选地，支架1112分别与支撑基板1111、辐射基板131垂直。
请一并参阅图3和图5，支撑部11还包括接地板114和馈电端口115，接地板114电镀形成于支撑基板1111上，馈电网络112分别和馈电线113、馈电端口115电性连接，馈电端口115和外部的射频前端电性连接。馈电网络112通过馈电线113给辐射体132耦合馈电。
支撑基板1111包括相对的第一表面和第二表面。馈电网络112电镀形成于支撑基板1111的第一表面，接地板114电镀形成于基板的第二表面。支撑基板1111的第一表面和支架1112的支撑板1117固定连接。支撑基板1111上还开设有连通孔(图未示)，连通孔用于供馈电端口115穿过，以使馈电端口115和馈电网络112电性连接，并使馈电端口115从支撑基板1111的第二表面露出。优选地，支撑基板1111与辐射基板131平行。支撑基板1111与辐射体132之间的距离为14mm。
接地板114和馈电端口115电性断开。接地板114位于支撑基板1111上远离辐射体132的一侧。接地板114上包括避让孔1141，避让孔1141用于使馈电端口115穿过接地板114，以便于馈电端口115和外部的射频前端电性连接。接地板114能对基站天线单元10的辐射信号起到反射作用，使基站天线单元10的信号集中辐射。
请参阅图6，馈电线113的数量包括两个，每个馈电线113给一个辐射体132耦合馈电。两个馈电线113结构一致，本申请仅对一个馈电线113进行说明。每个支架上的馈电线113包括第一馈电线1131、第二馈电线1132、第三馈电线1133和第四馈电线1134，第一馈电线1131电镀形成于第一天线架1113，第二馈电线1132电镀形成于第二天线架1114，第三馈电线1133电镀形成于第三天线架1115，第 四馈电线1134电镀形成于第四天线架1116。由于第一天线架1113、第二天线架1114位于第一平面上，第三天线架1115和第四天线架1116位于第二平面上，第一平面垂直于所述第二平面，则第一馈电线1131第二馈电线1132所在的平面垂直于第三馈电线1133和第四馈电线1134所在的平面，即第一馈电线1131、第二馈电线1132、第三馈电线1133和第四馈电线1134给辐射体132正交馈电。第一馈电线1131、第二馈电线1132、第三馈电线1133和第四馈电线1134的形状不做限定，在本实用新型中，第一馈电线1131、第二馈电线1132、第三馈电线1133和第四馈电线1134都呈S型曲线，馈电线113的耦合馈电效果更好。
请参阅图7，本实用新型的馈电网络112为微带线。馈电网络112包括分别与两个馈电端口连接的第一功分线1121和第二功分线1122，所述第一功分线1121分别与所述第一馈电线1131、第二馈电线1132电性连接，第二功分线1122分别与所述第三馈电线1133、第四馈电线1134电性连接。
请参阅图8，第一功分线1121包括第一总线1123和两个第一分离线1124，第一总线1123与两个第一分离线1124电性连接。第一分离线1124的数量和馈电线113的数量、辐射部13的数量相等。每个第一分离线1124与一个馈电线113电性连接，每个第一分离线1124通过一个馈电线113给一个辐射体132耦合馈电。
第一总线1123为50欧姆线，本申请中，第一总线1123的线宽为2.76mm。
第一分离线1124包括第一连接线1125、第二连接线1126和第三连接线1127，第一总线1123和第一连接线1125电性连接，第一连接线1125还分别与第二连接线1126、第三连接线1127电性连接，第二连接线1126与第一馈电线1131电性连接，第三连接线1127与第二馈电线1132电性连接。
第一连接线1125包括三种阻值的微带线，第一连接线1125依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第一连接线1125的100欧姆微带线与第一总线1123电性连接，第一连接线1125的50欧姆微带线分别与第二连接线1126、第三连接线1127电性连接。在本申请中，100欧姆微带线的线宽为0.58mm，70.7欧姆微带线的线宽为1.42mm，50欧姆微带线的线宽为2.76mm。第一连接线1125不同阻值的微带线所占的线长，可以根据需要进行设置。
第二连接线1126包括两种阻值的微带线，第二连接线1126依次为70.7欧姆微带 线和50欧姆微带线，第二连接线1126的70.7欧姆微带线与第一连接线1125的50欧姆微带线电性连接，第二连接线1126的50欧姆微带线与第一馈电线1131电性连接。第二连接线1126不同阻值的微带线所占的线长，可以根据需要进行设置。
第三连接线1127包括三种阻值的微带线，第三连接线1127依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第三连接线1127的100欧姆微带线与第一连接线1125的50欧姆微带线电性连接第三连接线1127的50欧姆微带线与所述第二馈电线1132电性连接。第三连接线1127不同阻值的微带线所占的线长，可以根据需要进行设置。
请一并参阅图8和图9，第一功分线1121的结构，减少了2.76mm的50欧姆微带线走线长度，很好的压缩了馈电网络的走线面积，对提高基站天线单元10的隔离度起到了极大促进作用，同时馈电网络面积的减小也有利于大规模阵列天线的布局。
请参阅图10，第二功分线1122包括第二总线1128和两个第二分离线1129，第二总线1128与两个第二分离线1129电性连接。第二分离线1129的数量和馈电线113的数量、辐射部13的数量相等。每个第二分离线1129与一个馈电线113电性连接，每个第二分离线1129通过一个馈电线113给一个辐射体132耦合馈电。
第二总线1128为50欧姆线，本申请中，第二总线1128的线宽为2.76mm。
第二分离线1129包括第四连接线1161、第五连接线1162和第六连接线1163，第二总线1128和第四连接线1161电性连接，第四连接线1161分别与第五连接线1162、第六连接线1163电性连接；第五连接线1162与第三馈电线1133电性连接，第六连接线1163与所述第四馈电线1134电性连接。
第四连接线1161包括三种阻值的微带线，第四连接线1161依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第四连接线1161的100欧姆微带线与所述第二总线1128电性连接，第四连接线1161的50欧姆微带线分别与第五连接线1162、第六连接线1163电性连接。第四连接线1161不同阻值的微带线所占的线长，可以根据需要进行设置。
第五连接线1162包括两种阻值的微带线，第五连接线1162依次为70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第五连接线1162的70.7欧姆微带线与第四连接线1161的50欧 姆微带线电性连接，第五连接线1162的50欧姆微带线与第三馈电线1133电性连接。第五连接线1162不同阻值的微带线所占的线长，可以根据需要进行设置。
第六连接线1163包括三种阻值的微带线，第六连接线1163依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第六连接线1163的100欧姆微带线与第四连接线1161的50欧姆微带线电性连接，第六连接线1163的50欧姆微带线与第四馈电线1134电性连接。
请一并参阅图9和图10，第二功分线1122的结构，减少了2.76mm的50欧姆微带线走线长度，很好的压缩了馈电网络的走线面积，对提高基站天线单元10的隔离度起到了极大促进作用，同时馈电网络面积的减小也有利于大规模阵列天线的布局。
馈电端口115的具体类型不做限定，能与外部的射频前端电性连接即可。馈电端口115部分位于连通孔内。本实施例中，馈电端口115包括两个。其中一个馈电端口115的一端和馈电网络112的第一功分线1121的第一总线1123电性连接，另一端从支撑基板1111的第二表面露出；另一个馈电端口115的一端和馈电网络112的第二功分线1122的第二总线1128电性连接，另一端从支撑基板1111的第二表面露出。
上述基站天线单元10的性能如图11和图12所示，从图中可看出，该基站天线单元10可覆盖2500～2700MHz频段，且具有较优的隔离度。
本实用新型实施方式相对于现有技术而言，所述基站天线单元包括馈电组件、支架和辐射基板和辐射体，所述馈电组件和支架固定连接，所述支架和所述辐射基板固定连接，所述辐射体电镀形成于所述辐射基板上，基站天线单元的结构简单，基站天线单元具有尺寸小，剖面低、带宽宽，生产一致性高，稳定性好的特点。
需要说明的是，以上仅为举例说明，并不对本实用新型的技术方案构成限定。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述基站天线单元包括支撑部和架设于所述支撑部的两个辐射部，所述支撑部包括一体成型的支撑架、电镀于所述支撑架的馈电网络和与所述馈电网络连接的馈电线，所述支撑架包括一支撑基板和立设于所述支撑基板的两个支架，所述馈电网络形成于所述支撑基板的表面，所述馈电线形成于所述支架的表面，所述辐射部包括辐射基板和辐射体，所述支架和所述辐射基板固定连接，所述辐射体电镀形成于所述辐射基板上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述馈电网络为微带线。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：每个所述支架包括第一天线架、第二天线架、第三天线架和第四天线架，所述支撑基板分别通过所述第一天线架、第二天线架、第三天线架和第四天线架与所述辐射基板固定连接，所述第一天线架、第二天线架位于第一平面上，所述第三天线架和第四天线架位于第二平面上，所述第一平面垂直于所述第二平面，每个支架上的所述馈电线包括第一馈电线、第二馈电线、第三馈电线和第四馈电线，所述第一馈电线电镀形成于所述第一天线架，所述第二馈电线电镀形成于所述第二天线架，所述第三馈电线电镀形成于所述第三天线架，所述第四馈电线电镀形成于所述第四天线架。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述馈电网络包括分别与两个馈电端口连接的第一功分线和第二功分线，所述第一功分线分别与每个支架上的所述第一馈电线、第二馈电线电性连接，所述第二功分线分别与每个支架上的所述第三馈电线、第四馈电线电性连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述辐射基板与所述支撑基板平行，所述支架与所述辐射基板、所述支撑基板 垂直。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述基站天线单元还包括电镀形成于所述支撑基板上的接地板，接地板位于支撑基板上远离所述辐射体的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述馈电线给所述辐射体耦合馈电。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述辐射体与所述辐射体之间的距离为14mm。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述第一功分线包括第一总线和自所述第一总线分离的两个第一分离线，所述第一分离线包括第一连接线、第二连接线和第三连接线，所述第一总线和第一连接线电性连接，所述第一连接线分别与所述第二连接线、第三连接线电性连接，所述第二连接线与所述第一馈电线电性连接，所述第三连接线与所述第二馈电线电性连接；所述第二功分线包括第二总线和自所述第二总线分离的两个第二分离线，所述第二分离线包括第四连接线、第五连接线和第六连接线，所述第二总线和第四连接线电性连接，所述第四连接线分别与所述第五连接线、第六连接线电性连接；所述第五连接线与所述第三馈电线电性连接，所述第六连接线与所述第四馈电线电性连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的基站天线单元，其特征在于：所述第一总线为50欧姆微带线，所述第一连接线包括三种阻值的微带线，第一连接线依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第一连接线的100欧姆微带线与所述第一总线电性连接，所述第二连接线包括两种阻值的微带线，所述第二连接线依次为70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第二连接线的70.7欧姆微带线与所述第一连接线的50欧姆微带线电性连接，所述第二连接线的50欧姆微带线与所述第一馈电线电性连接，所述第三连接线包括三种阻值的微 带线，所述第三连接线依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第三连接线的100欧姆微带线与所述第一连接线的50欧姆微带线电性连接，所述第三连接线的50欧姆微带线与所述第二馈电线电性连接；
    所述第二总线为50欧姆微带线，所述第四连接线包括三种阻值的微带线，第四连接线依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第四连接线的100欧姆微带线与所述第二总线电性连接，所述第五连接线包括两种阻值的微带线，所述第五连接线依次为70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第五连接线的70.7欧姆微带线与所述第四连接线的50欧姆微带线电性连接，所述第五连接线的50欧姆微带线与所述第三馈电线电性连接，所述第六连接线包括三种阻值的微带线，所述第六连接线依次为100欧姆微带线、70.7欧姆微带线和50欧姆微带线，第六连接线的100欧姆微带线与所述第四连接线的50欧姆微带线电性连接，所述第六连接线的50欧姆微带线与所述第四馈电线电性连接。
PCT/CN2019/128731 2019-12-26 2019-12-26 基站天线单元 WO2021128170A1 (zh)

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CN105281045A (zh) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-27 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 微带阵列天线
EP3236531A1 (en) * 2016-04-20 2017-10-25 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Two-part antenna element
CN108417998A (zh) * 2018-05-11 2018-08-17 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 天线及其辐射单元

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN1688067A (zh) * 2005-04-27 2005-10-26 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 双极化加载天线辐射单元
CN105281045A (zh) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-27 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 微带阵列天线
EP3236531A1 (en) * 2016-04-20 2017-10-25 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Two-part antenna element
CN108417998A (zh) * 2018-05-11 2018-08-17 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 天线及其辐射单元

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