WO2021126270A1 - Impression en trois dimensions avec film de matériau de fabrication - Google Patents

Impression en trois dimensions avec film de matériau de fabrication Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021126270A1
WO2021126270A1 PCT/US2019/068099 US2019068099W WO2021126270A1 WO 2021126270 A1 WO2021126270 A1 WO 2021126270A1 US 2019068099 W US2019068099 W US 2019068099W WO 2021126270 A1 WO2021126270 A1 WO 2021126270A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
build material
material film
working fluid
layers
film
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2019/068099
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Qin Liu
John C. Greeven
Jay Shields
Original Assignee
Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. filed Critical Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Priority to PCT/US2019/068099 priority Critical patent/WO2021126270A1/fr
Publication of WO2021126270A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021126270A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/147—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using sheet material, e.g. laminated object manufacturing [LOM] or laminating sheet material precut to local cross sections of the 3D object
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
    • C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
    • C09D11/322—Pigment inks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0003—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent

Definitions

  • 3D printing Methods of three-dimensional (3D) digital printing, a type of additive manufacturing, have continued to be developed over the last few decades. 3D printing technology can change the product development cycle by allowing rapid creation of prototype models or even finished products. For example, several commercial sectors such as aviation and the medical industry, to name a few, have benefited from rapid prototyping and/or the production of customized parts. There are various methods for 3D printing that have been developed, including heat-assisted extrusion, photopolymerization, powder bed fusion (selective laser sintering), direct energy deposition, as well as others. As technology advances, higher demands with respect to production speed, part consistency, property ranges, method flexibility, etc., can provide added benefits to users.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example three-dimensional printing kit in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example method for three-dimensional printing in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an example system for three- dimensional printing in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure is drawn to three-dimensional printing kits, method of three-dimensional printing, and three-dimensional printing systems.
  • the three-dimensional printing kits, methods, and systems described herein can permit production of parts or printed articles, e.g., vehicle bumpers, car seats, recreation equipment, etc.
  • build material films can be individually stacked, bonded to one another, and selectively cut to define a volume of a three-dimensional object. This layer-by-layer process can be repeated until a three-dimensional object is formed.
  • the present disclosure is drawn to a three- dimensional printing kit.
  • the three-dimensional printing kit can include a build material film that can have a thickness ranging from about 5 pm to about 1 cm, an adhesion promoting agent, and a working fluid.
  • the adhesion promoting agent can include an adhesion promoting compound to contribute to joining immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers of the build material film together where applied.
  • the working fluid agent can include a compound or dispersed particles to add a visual feature, surface textural feature, an electromagnetic feature, or a combination of features thereof where applied to select individual layer or multiple layers of the build material film.
  • an adhesion promoting agent can include an electromagnetic radiation absorber to generate heat upon interaction with electromagnetic energy.
  • an adhesion promoting agent can include a softening compound to soften build material film after contact therewith.
  • a working fluid agent can include colorant, conductive particles, semi-conductive particles, dielectric particles, magnetic particles, edge softening compound, carbon nanotube, nanowire, e.g., silver nanowire, optical property modifying compound, mechanical property modifying compound, or a combination thereof.
  • a build material film can be in the form of a roll-to-roll supply or a supply of stacked sheets of the build material film.
  • a method of three-dimensional printing can include iteratively applying individual layers of build material film, where the individual layers independently have a thickness ranging from about 5 pm to about 1 cm, and can further include iteratively adhering immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers together to become joined.
  • the method can also include applying a working fluid agent to add a visual feature, surface textural feature, an electromagnetic feature, or a combination of features thereof to a select individual layer or multiple layers of the build material film, and furthermore, based on a three-dimensional object model, selectively cutting a single layer or a plurality of layers of the build material film after becoming joined to establish a portion of an exterior surface defining a volume of a three-dimensional object.
  • iteratively adhering can include applying an adhesion promoting agent to join the immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers or applying heat to join the immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers, or both.
  • a working fluid agent can be selected from a coloring fluid, a conductive fluid, a magnetic fluid, an edge softening fluid, carbon nanotube, nanowire, e.g., silver nanowire, optical property modifying compound, mechanical property modifying compound, or a combination thereof.
  • a working fluid agent can be a conductive fluid that can be selectively applied to the build material film to generate conductive trace or conductive feature of an electronic circuit, or the build material film can be prefabricated with a printed circuit board and the conductive fluid can be applied to the build material film to electrically interact with the printed circuit board.
  • a working fluid agent can be an edge softening fluid that can be selectively applied to the build material film at the exterior surface to soften and enhance smoothness of the exterior surface of the three-dimensional object.
  • individual layers of the build material film can include different types of the build material films, different thickness of build material film, or a combination thereof.
  • a system for three-dimensional printing can include a film-advancement device to iteratively advance individual layers of build material film to a printer support, a film-joining implement to contribute to adhering immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers of build material film together to become joined, a working fluid agent ejector coupled or coupleable to a working fluid agent to apply to select individual layers of the build material film to add a visual feature, surface textural feature, an electromagnetic feature, or a combination of features thereof where applied to select individual layer or multiple layers of the build material film, and a cutter to iteratively and selectively cut a single layer or a plurality of layers of the build material film after becoming joined as well as to iteratively establish an exterior surface defining a volume of a three- dimensional object.
  • the film-joining implement can include a fluid ejector to eject an adhesion promoting agent onto the build material film, a heating apparatus to apply heat to the build material film, an electromagnetic energy source to apply electromagnetic energy to the build material film, or a combination thereof.
  • the system can further include a pressure roller, pressure plate, or a combination thereof to apply pressure to the build material film after individual layers of the build material film have been joined together.
  • the system can further include a hardware controller.
  • the hardware controller can generate a command to select thicknesses of the build material film based on a contour of a three-dimensional object, direct the film-joining implement to interact with the build material film to contribute to joining immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers of build material film together, direct the working fluid agent fluid ejector to selectively jet the working fluid agent on the build material film, direct the cutter to selectively cut the single layer or the plurality of layers of the build material film, or a combination thereof.
  • kits An example three-dimensional printing kit (or “kit”) is illustrated at 100 in FIG. 1.
  • the kit can include a build material film 110, e.g., sheets 110A and/or roll 110B, having a thickness ranging from about 5 pm to about 1 cm, an adhesion promoting agent 120 including an adhesion promoting compound 122 to contribute to joining immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers of build material film together where applied, and a working fluid agent 130 including a compound or dispersed particles 132 to add a feature to the printed three- dimensional part or object, e.g., a visual feature, surface textural feature, an electromagnetic feature, a combinations of features, etc.
  • a build material film 110 e.g., sheets 110A and/or roll 110B, having a thickness ranging from about 5 pm to about 1 cm
  • an adhesion promoting agent 120 including an adhesion promoting compound 122 to contribute to joining immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers of build material film together where applied
  • a working fluid agent 130 including a compound or dis
  • This function or feature can be applied at a select individual layer or multiple layers of build material film, for example, and can applied at or near an edge of the three-dimensional object (e.g., outer surface visual or textural or electromagnetic feature) and/or can be present within the bulk of the three-dimensional object (visual feature where the part is translucent or an electromagnetic feature).
  • edge of the three-dimensional object e.g., outer surface visual or textural or electromagnetic feature
  • visual feature where the part is translucent or an electromagnetic feature
  • the method can include iteratively applying 210 individual layers of build material film where the individual layers can independently have a thickness ranging from about 5 pm to about 1 cm.
  • the method can further include iteratively adhering 220 immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers together to become joined.
  • the method can further include applying 230 a working fluid agent to add a visual feature, surface textural feature, an electromagnetic feature, or a combination of features thereof to a select individual layer or multiple layers of the build material film, and based on a three- dimensional object model, iteratively and selectively cutting 240 a single layer or a plurality of layers of the build material film after becoming joined to establish a portion of an exterior surface defining a volume of a three-dimensional object.
  • “iteratively and selectively cutting” can indicate that cutting can occur after every application layer or periodically after multiple layers of build material film are joined to one another.
  • Iteratively and selectively cutting does not indicate cutting through an entire stack of joined layers to cut a three-dimensional object at one time after all the layers have been adhered. Iteratively and selectively cutting, in one example, can include cutting contour lines of the three-dimensional object at individual build material layers, or after a few layers, e.g., 2 to about 5, are joined together. For a high degree of detail, individual layers can be cut after being joined with the previously applied layer, which is iteratively repeated.
  • the applying of individual layers of a build material film can include advancing a sheet of build material film or a portion of a roll of build material film over a print area, such as a print platform, printer support, etc., of a printing device.
  • the print area can be the location where build material layers are stacked, adhered together, and cut.
  • the print area can be at a single location or can define multiple locations or stations where various actions occur.
  • Build material film can be advanced for use in the build based on the configuration of the build material film.
  • a roll of build material film can be advanced and joined a portion at a time, then cut, and then additional film “behind” it in the roll can be advanced for the next layer of application, joining, and cutting.
  • a stack of build material film “sheets” can likewise be used where a sheet of material is used, followed by advancement of the next sheet of material (for joining and cutting), and so forth.
  • a hybrid system where a portion of a sheet is used, and then another portion of the same sheet is advanced for the next layer, etc., followed by advancement of a new sheet once the prior sheet has been sufficiently spent.
  • an individual layer of the build material film can then be treated to permit adhesion of the individual layer to an adjacent layer of a build material film.
  • treatment can include applying an adhesion promoting agent.
  • the adhesion promoting agent can include a solvent, an adhesive, and/or an electromagnetic radiation absorber, for example.
  • the build material film can include a solvent-softenable polymer film and the adhesion promoting agent can include a solvent that can soften the solvent-softenable polymer film such that two adjacent layers of solvent-softenable polymer film can become chemically or physically joined to one another.
  • Example films and solvents that can be used include those used for the solvent-welding of plastic materials.
  • the treatment can include applying an adhesion promoting agent with an electromagnetic radiation absorber therein.
  • electromagnetic energy (ultraviolet, infrared, visible light, microwave, etc.) can be used to excite the electromagnetic radiation absorber, which would locally generate heat at the build material film to which the adhesion promoting agent was applied.
  • the electromagnetic radiation absorber, along with the electromagnetic energy applied suitable to excite the electromagnetic radiation absorber to generate heat can provide a temperature boosting capacity to increase a temperature of the build material film where the electromagnetic radiation absorber was applied.
  • heat generated at the electromagnetic energy absorber can melt a surface of a layer of the build material film at the interface, so that physical fusion can occur from layer to layer.
  • Heat can be used to raise a temperature at a surface of the build material film, and electromagnetic energy can be applied to cause the electromagnetic radiation absorber to heat the temperature further (enough to permit film-to-film heat fusion).
  • the electromagnetic radiation absorber and associated electromagnetic energy source
  • treatment can include applying heat to soften a surface of a build material film such that an adjacent layer (already positioned there beneath and/or another layer that is to be subsequently applied) can be physically heat-fused to the individual layer of build material film that was heated (at its surface).
  • Heat can be applied at a temperature less than a melting point or softening point of the build material film, for example, but at a high enough temperature so that physical fusion can occur from layer to layer.
  • heat can be applied to exceed the softening point, but not the melting point.
  • heat can be applied to exceed the melting point, provided the temperature does not adversely affect the shape of the object being built.
  • the method can include iteratively and selectively cutting a single layer or a plurality of layers of the build material film outside of the exterior surface that defines the volume of the three-dimensional object so that the areas outside of the volume of the object can be removed, e.g., relief cuts radiating or otherwise connecting the outer dimension of the object and the edge of the build material film can be used to remove the waste area of film that does not become part of the object.
  • relief cuts can be used with other adhesion protocols other than the application of heat as well.
  • heat can be used in conjunction with the application of adhesion promoting agent(s) described previously.
  • heat can be used to bring the film to near its temperature for heat fusing or joining adjacent build material films, and then an adhesion promoting agent with electromagnetic radiation absorber can be selectively applied to allow for electromagnetic energy to boost the temperature to a suitable film-to-film fusing temperature, leaving areas outside where the adhesion promoting agent was printed unfused.
  • melting point can refer to the temperature at which a build material film transitions from a crystalline phase to a pliable and/or amorphous phase. Some build material films do not have a definite melting point perse, but rather have a range of temperatures over which the film softens.
  • the “softening point,” as used herein, can refer to the temperature at which an outer surface of a build material film softens sufficiently to become joined with an adjacently applied build material film (either previously or immediately thereafter or both).
  • adhesion promoting agent can be applied within a volume of the three-dimensional object so that a portion or all of the build material film outside of the volume of the three-dimensional object is not in contact with the adhesion promoting agent.
  • applying the adhesion promoting agent and/or heat can include indiscriminate application such that the adhesion promoting agent can be applied within and outside of a volume of the three- dimensional object.
  • adhering the build material film layers together can include both selective application of adhesion promoting agent as well as indiscriminate application of heat.
  • an adhesion promoting agent including an electromagnetic radiation absorber can be selectively applied within a volume of a three-dimensional object and heat can be indiscriminately applied over the individual build material film layer. Portions of the layer without the adhesion promoting agent applied thereto may not reach the same temperature and may not soften.
  • an additional individual layer of a build material film can be applied over the area of the build material film with the adhesion promoting agent and/or heat applied thereto, such that these adjacent individual layers (sandwiching the adhesion promoting agent, when present) become joined together chemically, physically, or both.
  • the additional (or next) individual layer applied can have the same or different thickness and/or can be the same or a different material relative to the build material film previously applied. Adjusting a thickness of individual layers of the build material film can minimize a quantity of layers in a three-dimensional object.
  • individual layers of the build material film can be applied in a multi-axial orientation, such that a grain of individual layers can have differing directions.
  • the multi-axial orientation may be a biaxial orientation with orthogonally oriented build material film grains positioned in alternating manner, e.g., periodically alternating or alternating every layer. This type of orientation or other multi-axial oriented build material film stacks can increase a tensile strength of a three-dimensional object.
  • a working fluid agent can be applied prior to application of an adhesion promoting agent and/or heat, after application of an adhesion promoting agent and/or heat but before joining another an additional individual layer to a layer of the build material, after joining adjacent individually layers to one another so that the working fluid agent would be exposed or located in-between the following adjacent individual layers, or after cutting an individual layer of a build material film.
  • the application timing of a working fluid agent can vary depending on a design of the three-dimensional object. In some examples, several different working fluid agents can be applied to a single layer or to different layers. In some examples, the working fluid agent can be applied to some layers but not to other layers of the build material film. The working fluid agent can be indiscriminately or discriminately applied.
  • the working fluid agent can be applied in a select pattern.
  • a working fluid agent including conductive particles could be applied in a pattern that forms an electrical trace.
  • a colorant could be applied across entire layer(s) or to select areas in layer(s) to form a design along an exterior edge of a three-dimensional object formed therefrom.
  • Iteratively and selectively cutting can include cutting through a single layer of the build material film or through multiple layers of the build material film. Cutting after adhering layers can minimize alignment concerns that would be present if the upper layer was pre-cut before application.
  • iteratively and selectively cutting can include cutting through a single layer of build material film and not cutting through a layer of the build material film stacked and immediately joined therewith.
  • iteratively and selectively cutting can include cutting through multiple adjacent individual layers of build material films.
  • iteratively and selectively cutting can include cutting through a plurality of layers of the build material film, but not cutting through all previously applied layers of the build material film.
  • the method can further include applying pressure to a most recently applied layer of build material film to assist with joining the most recently applied layer to an immediately and previously applied layer of build material film. Applying pressure can occur after adding an upper layer of a build material film and prior to cutting, after cutting, or after adding an upper layer of a build material and after cutting.
  • the method can further include cutting a single layer or a plurality of layers of the build material film outside of the exterior surface that defines the volume of the three-dimensional object. These outside cuts can allow for ease in removing excess build material film from an area around the three-dimensional object. In some examples, the excess build material film can be left in place during printing which can permit the excess build material film to act as a support for the three-dimensional object during printing.
  • excess build material film can be removed following cutting.
  • the excess build material film can be removed by raising the three- dimensional object therefrom.
  • excess build material film can be removed by physically removing and/or air blasting the film therefrom.
  • FIG. 3 A system for three-dimensional printing 300 is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the various system structures or components are shown as being supported by a frame 360, but could be arranged differently than shown, e.g., in an in-line system or with a different component arrangement. This arrangement is shown to schematically describe the system without limitation.
  • the system 300 can include a film-advancement device 310 to iteratively advance individual layers of a build material film 110 (sheets, rolls, etc.), a film-joining implement 320 to contribute to adhering immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers of build material film together to become joined, a working fluid agent ejector 330 coupled or coupleable to a working fluid agent 130 to apply to select individual layers of the build material film to add a visual feature, surface textural feature, an electromagnetic feature, or a combination of features thereof where applied to select individual layer or multiple layers of the build material film, and a cutter 340 to iteratively and selectively cut a single layer or a plurality of layers of the build material film after becoming joined as well as to iteratively establish an exterior surface defining a volume of a three-dimensional object.
  • a film-advancement device 310 to iteratively advance individual layers of a build material film 110 (sheets, rolls, etc.)
  • a film-joining implement 320 to
  • the build material film 110 can be supported by a printer support 350 (or other support).
  • the printer support can be sized and shaped according to the three-dimensional objects intended to be printed therefrom. For example, a large printer support can be included on devices intended for printing industrial parts, while a smaller printer support can be included on devices intended for printing objects that are sized to be carried by an individual.
  • the size and shape of a printer support is not particularly limited.
  • the printer support can be configured to permit vertical movement. For example, the printer support could drop in vertical height to allow a subsequent individual layer of build material film to be applied thereto.
  • the printer support can be stationary.
  • a printer support can also include a securing component, such as a vacuum, fastener, adherent, etc., or the like for securing a build material film to the printer support during printing.
  • the printer support can be dropped by a thickness (x) of the build material film (or based on some other metric about how far to drop the support.
  • film-joining implement, working fluid agent ejector, and/or cutter can be raised a similar distance. Maintaining or adjusting the spacing between the build material film and the cutter/fluid ejector(s) can, in another example, be by a combination of both lowering the support and raising the cutter/fluid ejector(s), etc.
  • the film-joining implement can include a fluid ejector to eject an adhesion promoting agent onto the build material film, a heating apparatus to apply heat to the build material film, an electromagnetic energy source to apply electromagnetic energy to the build material film, or a combination thereof.
  • a fluid ejector can be any type of printing apparatus capable of selectively applying an adhesion promoting agent and/or a working fluid agent.
  • the fluid ejector can include an inkjet applicator (thermal, piezo, etc.), a sprayer, a dropper, or the like.
  • the fluid ejector can include an inkjet applicator.
  • a heat source can include a digital heater, hot tube furnace, hot air gun, a heat lamp, etc.
  • the heat source can include a digital heater.
  • the heat source can be used to raise a temperature of the build material film.
  • a temperature range of heat provided by the heat source can vary; however, in some examples, the heat provided can range from about 100 °F to about 700 °F or from about 150 °F to about 500 °F.
  • the heat source can apply a temperature that can be at or below a softening temperature or melting temperature, or above the softening temperature or melting temperature of the build material film, depending on the nature of the build. For example, if applying an adhesion promoting agent, the temperature applied by the heat source may be lower than if using heat alone.
  • An energy source can include an electromagnetic energy source such as a UV lamp, an IR lamp, a UV-LED source, an IR-LED source, a narrow band LED visible light source, etc.
  • the energy source can emit energy toward the build material film in the form of heat, electromagnetic energy, etc., as appropriate for a given printing system.
  • the energy source can be in the form of heating plates, heating rollers, and/or a combination thereof.
  • a working fluid agent ejector can include a fluid ejector.
  • a fluid ejector can be any type of printing apparatus capable of selectively applying an adhesion promoting agent and/or a working fluid agent.
  • the fluid ejector can include an inkjet applicator (thermal, piezo, etc.), a sprayer, a dropper, or the like.
  • the fluid ejector can include an inkjet applicator coupled or coupleable to a working fluid agent to apply a working fluid agent to select individual layers of the build material film and add a visual feature, surface textural feature, an electromagnetic feature, or a combination of features thereof where applied to select individual layer or multiple layers of the build material film.
  • the cutter can include a mechanical cutter, a laser cutter, or both, and can be used to establish an exterior surface defining a volume of a three- dimensional object.
  • the cutter can include a knife, a blade, or the like.
  • the cutter can include a laser.
  • the cutter can be software controlled to permit precise cutting depths such that individual layers of build material film can be cut while layers of build material film adjacent thereto can remain uncut.
  • the cutter can be controllable along various axes relative to the major surface of the print material film, such as with x-axis, y- axis, and z-axis maneuverability.
  • the system can further include pressure roller, pressure plates, or a combination thereof.
  • the pressure roller and/or pressure plates can be heated. With respect to the pressure roller and/or plates, these can be used, for example, to apply pressure to a build material film after individual layers of the build material film have been joined together by an adhesion promoting agent and/or heat.
  • the pressure applicator if present, can contribute to joining to immediately adjacent and stacked build material film layers together in conjunction with application of an adhesion promoting agent, heat, or both.
  • the pressure applicator can apply a pressure ranging from about 0 psi to about 100 psi to build material film layers.
  • the system can also include a quenching applicator, such as a quenching roller(s), a quenching plate(s), or a combination thereof.
  • a quenching applicator such as a quenching roller(s), a quenching plate(s), or a combination thereof.
  • the system can further include a hardware controller.
  • the hardware controller can generate a command for the system to act in a designated manner.
  • the hardware controller can generate a command to select thicknesses of the build material film based on a contour of a three-dimensional object, direct the film-joining implement to interact with the build material film to contribute to joining immediately adjacent and stacked individual layers of build material film together, direct the working fluid agent fluid ejector to selectively jet the working fluid agent on the build material film, direct the cutter to selectively cut the single layer or the plurality of layers of the build material film, or a combination thereof.
  • a hardware controller can generate a command that can control the placement and activation of components of the system.
  • a hardware controller can direct a fluid ejector to a location over a layer of the build material film and can direct the fluid ejector to eject an amount of fluid therefrom at a specific application rate.
  • a hardware controller can be used in connection with drafting software to designate a thickness of a build material film based on computer drafted plans of a three-dimensional object and a contour of the three- dimensional object.
  • the build material film can include any film that can be adhered to itself by an adhesion promoting agent and/or heat.
  • the build material film can exclude paper.
  • the build material film can include natural polymer films, synthetic polymer films, biological films, composite films/sheets, preformed thin sheets, honey comb materials, lattices, laminated glass sheet (e.g. windshield glass), metal foils, ceramic sheets (green ceramic), or a combination thereof.
  • a build material film can include a polymer film.
  • the polymer film can be semi-crystalline, amorphous, B-staged crosslinked film, or the like.
  • Examples of polymer films can include films of polymers of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, acetal, acrylic, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide (nylon 6, nylon 12, nylon 66 and the like), polyoxymethylene, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyether ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, polyetherimide, polyamide- imide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, or a combination thereof.
  • the build material film can include B-stage crosslinked epoxy, B-stage silicone, or the like.
  • B-stage materials can include MasterBond® (MasterBond Inc. USA) and Synder (Polymer Systems Technology Ltd. UK).
  • the build material film can be a reinforced film.
  • the reinforcement can include the addition of particles, continuous fibers, discontinuous fibers, fabric, or the like.
  • reinforced films can include build material films reinforced with minerals, talc, clay, glass, carbon, polyaramid, or the like. The reinforcement can be added to the build material film at a weight range from about 5 wt% to about 80 wt%, from about 15 wt% to about 50 wt%, or from about 15 wt% to about 40 wt%.
  • a thickness of the build material film can also vary.
  • a build material film can have a thickness ranging from about 5 pm to about 1 cm.
  • a build material film can have a thickness that can range from about 10 pm to about 1 mm, from about 50 pm to about 500 pm, from about 500 pm to about 1 cm, from about 1 mm to about 1 cm, or from about 100 pm to about 1 cm.
  • Thinner build material films can be more useful when manufacturing three-dimensional objects with varying outer dimensions and high resolution exterior surfaces. Thicker build material films can be more useful in manufacturing portions of three-dimensional objects with less stepping, e.g. few exterior surface changes in diameter between the individual layers and/or when printing larger sized parts, such as car bumpers, in a short period of time, less than about 24 hours.
  • thicker build material films can be used in combination with thinner build material films when printing a three-dimensional object.
  • thinner and thinner are relative terms and compare a thickness of an individual layer of a build material film to a thickness of another individual layer of a build material film. For example, thicker build material films can be applied in areas where less stepping occurs and thinner build material films can be applied in areas where there is more stepping.
  • a build material film can be in the form of individual sheets or on a roll. Sheets of build material films can, in one example, be selectively sized and shaped to minimize an amount of excess build material film that can be cut away from a layer of a three-dimensional object. In another example, individual sheets in a stack of sheets can all be similarly sized, and excess build material film can be left in place during printing and can be used as a support structure for the individual build material layers.
  • the adhesion promoting agent can be a digitally jettable or ejectable fluid, e.g., from a printhead, that carries an adhesion promoting compound, or which is an adhesion promoting compound.
  • an organic co-solvent may be an adhesion promoting compound of a particular build material film in that the organic co-solvent acts to soften the build material film for fusion to another layer of film.
  • the adhesion promoting compound could be a dissolved or dispersed compound that is carried by a liquid vehicle of water and/or organic co-solvent (and in some instances other ingredients such as surfactant, biocide, etc.).
  • the adhesion promoting compound can be an electromagnetic energy absorber, an adhesive compound, or some other material useful for joining the build material film layers together.
  • the co-solvent can be selected for the specific build material film being used.
  • Example organic co solvents can include n-octane, n-dodecane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, naphthalene, o-xylene, ethyl benzene, p-diethyl benzene, chloromethane, methylene chloride, 1 ,1-dichloroethylene, 1 ,1-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, 1 ,4- dioxane, dibenzyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, acetophenone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl isoamyl ketone
  • the organic co solvent can include acetone, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, ethyl acetate, h,h-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, a combination thereof, or the like.
  • Certain organic co-solvents for example, can soften build material films of polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof.
  • Example pairings of or organic co-solvents and build material films that can be paired to promote softening of the film and adhesion of stacked adjacent layers of the film include polystyrene and acetone, polymethylmethacrylate and n,n- dimethylformamide, polyvinyl chloride and tetrahydrofuran, or polyamides and m- cresol.
  • the adhesion promoting agent can include jettable adhesives.
  • jettable adhesives can include cyanoacrylate, acrylate, acrylate ester, epoxies, urethanes, dissolved polymers of the same build materials with the same or lower molecular weight, reactive compounds, or a combination thereof.
  • the jettable adhesive can be a multi-part adhesive, where multiple components interact once contacted with one another, or a UV curable adhesive.
  • the adhesion promoting agent can include an electromagnetic radiation absorber.
  • the electromagnetic radiation absorber can absorb and convert electromagnetic energy to thermal energy.
  • the electromagnetic radiation absorber can be, for example, an infrared-absorbing compound, a near-infrared-absorbing compound, or a carbon black pigment.
  • Infrared absorbing compounds can extend from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nm up to 1mm, but more particularly, the infrared absorbing compound can be in the range of about 800 nm to 1400 nm to convert absorbed light energy to thermal energy. Similar characteristics can be achieved using near-infrared compounds within the range of 950 nm to 1150 nm, for example.
  • Infrared compounds as an electromagnetic radiation absorber can have substantially no impact on the apparent color of the adhesion promoting agent. This allows the formulation of colorless jettable fluids which will not impart any visible color to the part.
  • Example near-infrared compounds that can be used include near-infrared dyes manufactured by HW Sands Corporation: SDA 1906 (Amax absorption 993 nm), SDA 3755 (A ma x absorption 1049 nm), and SDA 7630 (Amax absorption 1070 nm), as well as Ni-dithiolene-based compounds with very low absorption in visible light range, e.g., very low absorbance from 400 nm to 700 nm.
  • these near-infrared dyes can have high absorbance in the range of 800 nm to 1400 nm.
  • Black jettable fluids on the other hand, incorporating carbon black pigment as the electromagnetic radiation absorber can have high absorbance within the visible spectrum (and are usually considered to have a broad absorbance spectrum), so depending on the desired result (e.g., black or colorless with the option to add colorant) appropriate absorbers can be selected accordingly.
  • electromagnetic radiation absorbers that can be used that have a broader absorption spectrum in the visible range, but which are not black.
  • Examples can include tetraphenyldiamine- based water-soluble near-infrared dyes, cyanine-based water-soluble near- infrared dyes, and dithiolene-based water-soluble near-infrared dyes.
  • the electromagnetic radiation absorber can provide a temperature boosting capacity sufficient to increase the temperature of the build material film above the melting or softening point of the film.
  • the electromagnetic radiation absorber can be dispersed in an aqueous liquid vehicle at from about 0.5 wt% to about 30 wt%, from about 5 wt% to about 25 wt%, or from about 1 wt% to about 20 wt%.
  • the adhesion promoting agent can further include an aqueous liquid vehicle to enhance jettability; however, not all adhesion promoting agents include an aqueous liquid vehicle.
  • the aqueous liquid vehicle when present, can include water as a major solvent, e.g., the solvent present at the highest concentration when compared to other co-solvents. In an example, water can be deionized.
  • An amount of water in the aqueous liquid vehicle can range from about 20 wt% to about 98 wt%, from about 40 wt% to about 95 wt%, from about 65 wt% to about 95 wt%, from about 70 wt% to about 98 wt%, or from about 80 to about 98 wt%.
  • the aqueous liquid vehicle can further include from about 1 wt% to about 50 wt%, from about 1 wt% to about 25 wt%, or from about 15 wt% to about 35 wt% of liquid components other than water.
  • the other liquid components can include organic co-solvents, surfactants, additives that inhibits growth of harmful microorganisms, viscosity modifiers, pH adjuster, sequestering agents, preservatives, and the like.
  • the liquid vehicle can consist essentially of water, organic co-solvent, and surfactant.
  • an organic co-solvent may be a softener for the build material film and/or may be added to an adhesion promoting agent for a different purpose, e.g., jettability, jetting reliability, decap performance, viscosity modification, etc.
  • Classes of co-solvents that can be used can include organic co solvents including aliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, diols, glycol ethers, polyglycol ethers, caprolactams, formamides, acetamides, and C3 to C150 alcohols.
  • Examples of such compounds can include primary aliphatic alcohols, secondary aliphatic alcohols, 1 ,2-alcohols, 1 ,3-alcohols, 1 ,5-alcohols, ethylene glycol alkyl ethers, propylene glycol alkyl ethers, higher homologs (C6-C12) of polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, N-alkyl caprolactams, unsubstituted caprolactams, both substituted and unsubstituted formamides, both substituted and unsubstituted acetamides, and the like.
  • co-solvents act as a temperature reducing plasticizer for a specific build material film, some of these other co-solvents can be considered to be applicable in that context.
  • the aqueous liquid vehicle can further include non-ionic, cationic, and/or anionic surfactant ranging from 0.01 wt% to 20 wt%, if present.
  • Example surfactants can include alkyl polyethylene oxides, alkyl phenyl polyethylene oxides, polyethylene oxide block copolymers, acetylenic polyethylene oxides, polyethylene oxide (di)esters, polyethylene oxide amines, protonated polyethylene oxide amines, protonated polyethylene oxide amides, dimethicone copolyols, substituted amine oxides, or the like.
  • surfactants can include, but are not limited to, TERGITOL® TMN-6, TERGITOL® 15S7, TERGITOL® 15S9, LEG-1 , LEG-7; TritonTM X-100, and TritonTM X-405 all available from The Dow Chemical Company (USA)).
  • the amount of surfactant added may range from about 0.01 wt% to about 20 wt%.
  • Biocides, fungicides, and other microbial agents can also be included in the aqueous liquid vehicle.
  • Example antimicrobial agents can include NUOSEPT ® (Ashland Inc. (USA)), VANCIDE ® (R.T. Vanderbilt Co. (USA)), ACTICIDE ® B20 and ACTICIDE ® M20 (Thor Chemicals (U.K.)), PROXEL ® GXL (Arch Chemicals, Inc.(USA)), BARDAC ® 2250, 2280, BARQUAT ® 50-65B, and CARBOQUAT ® 250-T, (Lonza Ltd. Corp. (Switzerland)), KORDEK ® MLX (The Dow Chemical Co. (USA)), or a combination thereof.
  • a total amount of antimicrobial agents can range from about 0.1 wt% to about 1 wt% with respect to the total wt% of the jettable fluid.
  • a buffer solution(s) can include potassium hydroxide, 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazin-1-yl] ethane sulfonic acid, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1 ,3-propanediol (TRIZMA® sold by Sigma-Aldrich (USA)), 3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid, triethanolamine, 2-[bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino]-2-hydroxymethyl propane-1 ,3-diol (bis tris methane), N-methyl-D-glucamine, N,N,N’N’-tetrakis-(2-hydroxyethyl)- ethylenediamine and N,N,N’N’-tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylenediamine, beta- alanine, betaine, or mixtures thereof.
  • potassium hydroxide 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazin-1-yl] ethane s
  • the buffer solution(s) can include 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1 ,3-propanediol (TRIZMA® sold by Sigma-Aldrich (USA)), beta-alanine, betaine, or mixtures thereof.
  • Such additives can be present at from about 0.01 wt% to about 20 wt%.
  • the working fluid agent can include a fluid agent that can impart additional design elements to a three-dimensional object.
  • the working fluid agent in an example, can include colorant, conductive particles, semi-conductive particles, dielectric particles, magnetic particles, edge softening compound, carbon nanotube, nanowire, e.g., silver nanowire, optical property modifying compound, mechanical property modifying compound, or a combination thereof.
  • the working fluid agent can be a coloring fluid, a conductive fluid, a magnetic fluid, an edge softening fluid, carbon nanotube-containing fluid, nanowire-containing fluid, an optical property modifying compound in an aqueous liquid vehicle, mechanical property modifying compound in an aqueous liquid vehicle, or a combination thereof.
  • the working fluid agent can include an aqueous liquid vehicle which can be as described above.
  • the working fluid agent can include a colorant and can be a coloring fluid.
  • the coloring fluid can include a colorant (a pigment, a dye, or a combination thereof) dispersed in an aqueous liquid vehicle.
  • Pigment colorants can include cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, orange, violet, green, blue, pink, etc.
  • the organic pigment can be a cyan pigment, a magenta pigment, a yellow pigment, or a combination thereof.
  • coloring fluid can include more than one pigment, such as a red coloring fluid containing magenta and yellow pigment, or a magenta ink with magenta pigment and a small amount of yellow pigment to adjust the color properties (hue angle), etc.
  • suitable organic pigments can include, for example, azo pigments including diazo pigments and monoazo pigments; polycyclic pigments (e.g., phthalocyanine pigments such as phthalocyanine blues and phthalocyanine greens, perylene pigments, perinone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, quinacridone pigments, dioxazine pigments, thioindigo pigments, isoindolinone pigments, pyranthrone pigments, and quinophthalone pigments); nitro pigments; nitroso pigments; anthanthrone pigments; or a combination thereof.
  • azo pigments including diazo pigments and monoazo pigments
  • polycyclic pigments e.g., phthalocyanine
  • Representative examples of phthalocyanine blues and greens can include copper phthalocyanine blue, copper phthalocyanine green and derivatives thereof such as Pigment Blue 15, Pigment Blue 15:3, and Pigment Green 36.
  • Representative examples of perylene pigments can include Pigment Red 123, Pigment Red 190, Pigment Red 189, and Pigment Red 224.
  • Representative examples of a perinone pigments can include Pigment Orange 43 and Pigment Red 194.
  • Representative examples of anthraquinone pigments can include Pigment Red 43, Pigment Red 194, Pigment Red 177, Pigment Red 216, and Pigment Red 226.
  • quinacridone pigments can include Pigment Orange 48, Pigment Orange 49, Pigment Red 122, Pigment Red 192, Pigment Red 202, Pigment Red 206, Pigment Red 209, Pigment Violet 19, and Pigment Violet 42.
  • dioxazine pigments can include Pigment Violet 23 and Pigment Violet 37.
  • thioindigo pigments can include Pigment Red 86, Pigment Red 87, Pigment Red 198, Pigment Violet 36, and Pigment Violet 38.
  • heterocyclic yellows include Pigment Yellow 1 , Pigment Yellow 12, Pigment Yellow 13, Pigment Yellow 14, Pigment Yellow 17, Pigment Yellow 73, Pigment Yellow 90, Pigment Yellow 110, Pigment Yellow 117, Pigment Yellow 120, Pigment Yellow 128, Pigment Yellow 138, Pigment Yellow 150, Pigment Yellow 151 , Pigment Yellow 155, and Pigment Yellow 213.
  • Other pigments that can be used include DIC-QA Magenta Pigment, Pigment Red 150, and Pigment Yellow 74.
  • the above pigments can be commercially available in powder, press cake, or dispersions form from a number of sources.
  • a dye can include black dye, cyan dye, magenta dye, yellow dye, orange dye, red dye, pink dye, blue dye, violet dye, green dye, brown dye, etc.
  • organic solvent-soluble dyes can include BASONYL® blue 636, ORASOL® black X55, ORASOL® black SBK28, ORASOL® black SBK27, ORASOL® black SBK29, ORASOL® blue 825, ORASOL® blue 855, ORASOL® orange 247, ORASOL® orange 251 , ORASOL® orange 272, ORASOL® orange 347, ORASOL® pink 478, ORASOL® red 330, ORASOL® red 355, ORASOL® red 363, ORASOL® red 365, ORASOL® red 395, ORASOL® red 471 , ORASOL® yellow 075, ORASOL® yellow 152, and ORASOL® yellow 157 all available from BASF, Germany; MORFAST® brown 100 and NAVI PON® violet 9 available
  • VALIFAST® red 3304 VALIFAST® red 3306, VALIFAST® red 3311 ,
  • the colorant is not particularly limited and can vary based on a design of the three-dimensional object.
  • the coloring fluid can include a colored inkjet ink. If the colorist desires, two or more colorants can be combined to create a color that provides truer color mixing, or for some other purpose.
  • a colorant can be present in the coloring fluid at from about 1 wt% to about 6 wt%, from about 1 wt% to about 4 wt%, from about 2 wt% to about 5 wt%, or from about 2 wt% to about 5.5 wt%.
  • the working fluid agent can include conductive particles, semi-conductive particles, dielectric particles, or a combination thereof and the working fluid agent can be a conductive fluid.
  • conductive particles, semi-conductive particles, and dielectric particles can include silver particles, gold particles, copper particles, graphite, di-electric polymer, semiconducting quantum dots, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, or a combination thereof.
  • the conductive particles can be dispersed in an aqueous liquid vehicle.
  • a conductive fluid can be selectively applied to the build material film to create a conductive trace or conductive feature of an electronic circuit.
  • the build material film can be prefabricated with a printed circuit board and a conductive fluid can be applied to the build material film to electrically interact with the printed circuit board.
  • the working fluid can include magnetic particles, and the working fluid agent can be a magnetic fluid.
  • Magnetic particles can include ferromagnetic materials, such as, iron, nickel, cobalt, rare earth materials, alloys thereof, or a combination thereof.
  • a magnetic fluid can be used to magnetize a portion of a three-dimensional object. Examples of magnetic fluids can include HP M10 MICR Ink, from HP, Inc. (USA).
  • the working fluid can include an edge softening compound and the working fluid agent can be an edge softening fluid.
  • An edge softening fluid can be selectively applied to the build material film at the exterior surface to soften and enhance smoothness of an exterior surface of a three-dimensional object.
  • the edge softening compound can be capable of reducing a hardness of the build material film onto which the edge softening agent is applied.
  • the edge softening agent can be printed around the edges of layers of the three-dimensional object.
  • Edge softening agents can include water and/or an organic co-solvent.
  • Non-limiting examples of co-solvents for use in the edge softening agent can include xylene, methyl isobutyl ketone, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1 -butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono tert-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 3-Methoxy-3-Methyl-1 -butanol, isobutyl alcohol, 1 ,4-butanediol, or a combination thereof.
  • the working fluid can include carbon nanotube and/or nanowires, e.g., silver nanowires, that can be dispersed in an aqueous liquid vehicle.
  • the working fluid can include an optical property modifying compound.
  • An optical modifying compound can include high refractive index materials (refractive index >1.5) other than the build material film or wavelength absorbing materials.
  • An optical modifying compound can impart light bending, absorbing, or reflecting characteristics on a three-dimensional object.
  • the working fluid can include a mechanical property modifying compound.
  • a mechanical property modifying compound can include plasticizing agent or elastomeric materials.
  • a mechanical modifying compound can impart toughness characteristics on a three-dimensional object.
  • aqueous liquid vehicle refers to water and in some examples, other components, such as, surfactants, solvents, co-solvents, anti-kogation agents, buffers, biocides, sequestering agents, viscosity modifiers, surface-active agents, and the like.
  • jetting or “jettable” refers to compositions that are ejectable from jetting architecture, such as ink-jet architecture.
  • Ink-jet architecture can include thermal or piezo pens with printing orifices or openings suitable for ejection of small droplets of fluid.
  • the fluid droplet size can be less than 10 picoliters, less than 20 picoliters, less than 30 picoliters, less than 40 picoliters, less than 50 picoliters, less than 150 picoliters, etc.
  • these fluid droplet size ranges can have a bottom end of its range being about 1 picoliter, about 2 picoliters, or about 3 picoliters, for example, e.g., from 1 picoliter to 150 picoliters, etc.
  • the term “about” is used to provide flexibility to a numerical range endpoint by providing that a given value may be “a little above” or “a little below” the endpoint.
  • the degree of flexibility of this term can be dictated by the particular variable and determined based on experience and the associated description herein.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

Kit d'impression en trois dimensions pouvant comprendre un film de matériau de fabrication, un agent favorisant l'adhérence et un fluide de travail. Le film de matériau de fabrication peut avoir une épaisseur allant d'environ 5 µm à environ 1 cm. L'agent favorisant l'adhérence peut comprendre un composé favorisant l'adhérence pour contribuer à l'assemblage de couches individuelles immédiatement adjacentes et empilées du film de matériau de fabrication ensemble lorsqu'elles sont appliquées. L'agent de fluide de travail peut comprendre un composé ou des particules dispersées pour ajouter une caractéristique visuelle, une caractéristique de texture de surface, une caractéristique électromagnétique ou une combinaison de caractéristiques associées en cas d'application pour sélectionner une couche individuelle ou de multiples couches du film de matériau de fabrication.
PCT/US2019/068099 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Impression en trois dimensions avec film de matériau de fabrication WO2021126270A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2019/068099 WO2021126270A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Impression en trois dimensions avec film de matériau de fabrication

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2019/068099 WO2021126270A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Impression en trois dimensions avec film de matériau de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021126270A1 true WO2021126270A1 (fr) 2021-06-24

Family

ID=76477908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2019/068099 WO2021126270A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Impression en trois dimensions avec film de matériau de fabrication

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2021126270A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3795559B2 (ja) * 1994-10-06 2006-07-12 ヒューレット・パッカード・カンパニー インクジェットプリントヘツド
US9353284B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-05-31 3D Systems, Inc. Three dimensional printing material system and method
WO2018031186A1 (fr) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-15 Nano-Dimension Technologies, Ltd. Procédés, programmes et bibliothèques pour la fabrication de cartes de circuits imprimés
EP3456513A1 (fr) * 2011-03-02 2019-03-20 BEGO Medical GmbH Dispositif de fabrication générative de composants tridimensionnels

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3795559B2 (ja) * 1994-10-06 2006-07-12 ヒューレット・パッカード・カンパニー インクジェットプリントヘツド
EP3456513A1 (fr) * 2011-03-02 2019-03-20 BEGO Medical GmbH Dispositif de fabrication générative de composants tridimensionnels
US9353284B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-05-31 3D Systems, Inc. Three dimensional printing material system and method
WO2018031186A1 (fr) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-15 Nano-Dimension Technologies, Ltd. Procédés, programmes et bibliothèques pour la fabrication de cartes de circuits imprimés

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3365153B1 (fr) Impression en trois dimensions (3d)
EP3908445B1 (fr) Méthode et kit pour l'impression tridimensionnelle avec des agents favorisant les pores
DE602005005380T2 (de) Strahlungshärtbarer Tintenstrahldruck
US11007710B2 (en) Three-dimensional (3D) printing
JP4425559B2 (ja) 紫外線硬化型インクを用いた布帛のインクジェット記録方法および記録装置
WO2012117905A1 (fr) Procédé d'impression à jet d'encre et matériau imprimé
CN110267797B (zh) 熔合剂
EP1477537B1 (fr) Méthode d'enregistrement à jet d'encre
JP5244899B2 (ja) インク組成物、インクジェット記録方法、及び、印刷物
CN111546775B (zh) 喷墨方法及喷墨装置
JP2013237834A (ja) 活性光線硬化型インク組成物、インクジェット記録方法、加飾シート、加飾シート成形物、インモールド成形品の製造方法及びインモールド成形品
JP5666957B2 (ja) インク組成物
JP2012210764A (ja) インクジェット記録方法及び印刷物
CN108454253A (zh) 记录方法以及记录装置
EP2551123A2 (fr) Procédé d'impression, dispositif d'impression, matériau imprimé et article moulé
WO2021126271A1 (fr) Impression en trois dimensions avec des films de matériau de construction
EP3519157B1 (fr) Impression 3d
WO2021126270A1 (fr) Impression en trois dimensions avec film de matériau de fabrication
JP2014025008A (ja) 白色インク組成物、複層形成用インクセット、画像形成方法及び印画物
WO2019156655A1 (fr) Méthode d'impression en trois dimensions
JP2009209511A (ja) 紫外線硬化型インクを用いた布帛のインクジェット記録方法および記録装置
US11643565B2 (en) Three-dimensional printing compositions
JP2017160362A (ja) 活性エネルギー線硬化型組成物、活性エネルギー線硬化型インク、組成物収容容器、２次元又は３次元の像の形成方法及び形成装置
US20210263211A1 (en) Light guide plates
US10857733B2 (en) Three-dimensional (3D) printing with discolorable near-infrared absorbing dye

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19957001

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19957001

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1