WO2021124443A1

WO2021124443A1 - Power-generation system

Info

Publication number: WO2021124443A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/049381
Authority: WO
Inventors: 乃軍初; 山澤　篤; 知光岡見
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｉｈｉ原動機
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2021-06-24

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a power-generation system capable of supplying at a low cost the power needed in a plant for extracting oil from the fruit of oil palm trees, using a portion of the crude palm oil (CPO) destined for shipment. [Solution] The power-generation system 1 comprises a CPO storage tank 10, a sedimentation tank 13 connected to the storage tank through oil-delivery piping 11 and oil-return piping 12, a degumming device 2 to which CPO is sent from the sedimentation tank, and power-generation equipment 15 operated by the degummed crude oil obtained by the degumming device. A portion of the CPO in the storage tank is sent to the sedimentation tank. The supernatant fraction of the CPO that has undergone sedimentation processing in the sedimentation tank is sent to the degumming device, and the sediment fraction of the CPO that has undergone the sedimentation processing in the sedimentation tank is returned from the oil-return piping to the storage tank. The power-generation equipment is operated with the degummed crude oil supplied from the degumming device to meet the power demands of the oil extraction plant.

Description

Power generation system

The present invention relates to a power generation system driven by using Crude palm oil (Crude palm oil, abbreviated as CPO) as a fuel, and particularly in an oil palm fruit squeezing plant, which is a raw material of CPO, of CPO for shipping. It is related to a power generation system that can supply the electricity required at an oil mill using a part of it without CO2.

Palm oil is a vegetable oil obtained from a plant called "oil palm", and a fruit cluster weighing about 30 kg has hundreds to about 2,000 fruits, and palm crude oil (CPO) is squeezed out from the flesh of the fruit. Palm kernel oil (PKO for short) is squeezed out.

Palm oil produces 8 to 10 times more per unit area than soybean oil and rapeseed oil, and has the highest production of vegetable oils. Due to the effects of the palm oil production increase system in recent years and the improvement of oil extraction technology, the production volume is increasing, and it is attracting attention as a renewable energy source that is a measure to prevent global warming other than edible.

As soon as the fruit bunches are separated from the trunk, enzymatic decomposition begins, so they are taken to an oil mill near the plantation to maintain quality, where the collected fruit bunches are steamed to inactivate the enzymes. And crush the fruit and squeeze the oil. This squeezed oil is palm crude oil (CPO).

Patent Document 1 below discloses an invention of a fuel oil supply device for a diesel engine, which can use refined CPO, which is a high pour point vegetable oil, as a fuel for a diesel engine.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-70261

The main producers of palm oil are Indonesia and Malaysia, which account for more than 80% of the world's production, and plantations are concentrated on Sumatra, Kalimantan and Papua. However, at present, the electricity situation at the location of the oil mill is poor, and many of the oil mills are covered by in-house power generation by diesel engines that use fossil fuels.

However, in recent years, in Indonesia and Malaysia, a presidential decree restricting the use of fossil fuels has been issued, and the use of biodiesel fuel as fuel oil has been institutionalized.

Therefore, the inventors of the present application have considered using biodiesel fuel to generate the electric power required at the oil mill installed near the palm plantation, and from a technical and economic point of view to embody this. A study was conducted. As a result, in order to use the biodiesel fuel obtained by refining palm oil at the palm oil refinery at the oil refinery, the palm oil refinery is located far from the oil refinery, so the horizontal holding cost And the weight of the processing cost as biodiesel fuel became large, and it was found that there was a cost problem.

Therefore, the inventors of the present application thought that if a part of the CPO produced at the palm oil squeezing factory could be used as fuel for the diesel power generation equipment, the electric power situation and cost could be improved. ..

However, the CPO squeezed from the pericarp of palm fruit contains fibrous and gum (phospholipids) called mesocarp fiber, and sand and metals are mixed in during the oil extraction process. .. These impurities can cause the filters in the fuel supply system to be blocked, and sand and metals in particular can cause abnormal wear of the fuel injection pump, sink liner and pison ring, and dirt on the exhaust system. Deteriorate engine performance. Therefore, in order to use CPO as a fuel for diesel engines, it is necessary to sufficiently remove these mesocarp fibers, gums (phospholipids), sand and metals as a fuel pretreatment.

An object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost power generation system driven by using CPO as a fuel in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. More specifically, the fruit of Abra palm, which is a raw material of CPO. The purpose of this oil mill is to provide a power generation system that can supply necessary power at low cost by using a part of palm crude oil for shipping.

The power generation system according to claim 1 is
A storage tank for storing vegetable crude oil and
A settling tank connected to the storage tank via an oil supply pipe and an oil return pipe,
A degumming device that sends vegetable crude oil from the settling tank,
It has a power generation facility operated by degumming crude oil obtained from vegetable crude oil by the degumming device.
A part of the vegetable crude oil in the storage tank is sent from the oil feeding pipe to the settling tank, and the supernatant of the vegetable crude oil settled in the settling tank is sent to the degumming device and settled in the settling tank. It is characterized in that the sedimented portion of the plant crude oil is returned from the oil return pipe to the storage tank, and the power generation facility is operated by the degumming crude oil supplied from the degumming device to generate power.

The power generation system according to claim 2 is the power generation system according to claim 1.
Plant crude oil is stored up to the upper liquid level in the sedimentation tank and allowed to stand for a certain period of time to perform sedimentation treatment.
The supernatant of the vegetable crude oil from the upper liquid level to the intermediate liquid level is sent to the degumming device.
It is characterized by returning the sedimentation of vegetable crude oil from the intermediate liquid level to the lower liquid level to the storage tank.

The power generation system according to claim 3 is the power generation system according to any one of claims 1 and 2.
The settling tank is provided with a plurality of units.
The operation of sending the supernatant of the plant crude oil from some of the sedimentation tanks to the degumming device and performing the sedimentation treatment of the plant crude oil in the other sedimentation tanks is alternated by exchanging the partial sedimentation tank and the other sedimentation tanks. It is characterized by executing in.

The power generation system according to claim 4 is the power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The degumming device
A mixer that mixes vegetable crude oil and water to produce mixed crude oil,
A hydration tank connected to the mixer to store mixed crude oil,
A centrifuge connected to the hydration tank to separate water and impurities from the mixed crude oil to produce degummed crude oil.
A clean tank for storing de-gum crude oil,
It is characterized by having.

The power generation system according to claim 5 is the power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The power generation facility includes an engine and a generator driven by the engine, and is characterized in that the electric power generated by the generator is supplied to a consumer including the power generation system.

The power generation system according to claim 6 is the power generation system according to any one of claims 2 to 5.
Inside the settling tank, a suction device that sucks the supernatant of the vegetable crude oil between the upper liquid level and the intermediate liquid level and sends it to the degumming device, and a suction device provided below the intermediate liquid level to add the vegetable crude oil. It is characterized by being provided with a heater for heating.

According to the power generation system according to claim 1.
Foreign matter such as mesocarp fiber, metal and sand contained in vegetable crude oil settles efficiently in the settling tank. Therefore, by returning the settled amount to the storage tank without using it, foreign matter can be removed efficiently. Only the supernatant of vegetable crude oil in the tank can be used as fuel to generate electricity.

According to the power generation system according to claim 2.
By storing vegetable crude oil up to the upper liquid level in the settling tank and letting it stand for a certain period of time, it is possible to reliably settle foreign substances in the settling tank, and after performing reliable settling treatment. , The supernatant and sediment of the vegetable crude oil are separated at the position of the liquid level, and the supernatant of the vegetable crude oil from the upper liquid level to the intermediate liquid level is sent to the degumming device, and the vegetable crude oil from the intermediate liquid level to the lower liquid level is sent. By returning the sedimented portion of the plant to the storage tank, foreign matter can be removed from the crude plant oil and power generation using a part of the crude plant oil can be performed at the same time.

According to the power generation system according to claim 3.
While multiple sedimentation tanks are provided and the supernatant of vegetable crude oil is sent from some sedimentation tanks to the degumming device, the other sedimentation tanks perform sedimentation treatment of the vegetable crude oil, and this operation is performed on some sedimentation tanks and others. The sedimentation tanks can be switched alternately. For this reason, by appropriately setting the capacities of the settling tank and the pump that feeds the plant crude oil, it is possible to secure a standing time for sufficient settling treatment of the plant crude oil and to obtain the amount required for the degumming device. Vegetable crude oil can be continuously pumped if necessary.

According to the power generation system according to claim 4.
A mixer mixes vegetable crude oil and water to produce mixed crude oil, stores it in a hydration tank, centrifuges the mixed crude oil in the hydration tank to separate water and impurities, and produces degumulated crude oil to generate electricity. Degummed crude oil to be sent to the facility can be stored in a clean tank.

According to the power generation system according to claim 5.
The electric power generated by the generator can be supplied not only to the power generation system but also to other consumers.

According to the power generation system according to claim 6.
When the heater provided below the intermediate liquid level heats the plant crude oil, convection occurs at the upper part of the settling tank due to the difference in density of the liquefied plant crude oil, and the supernatant of the plant crude oil is sucked in by the suction device and removed. Although it is reliably sent to the gum device, convection of vegetable crude oil is unlikely to occur at the bottom of the settling tank, so that the effect of efficiently settling impurities to the bottom of the settling tank can be surely obtained.

It is a conceptual diagram of the power generation system of an embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram of the degumming device provided in the power generation system of an embodiment. It is a piping block diagram of the storage tank and the settling tank in the power generation system of an embodiment. It is a structural diagram which shows the structure and operation of the suction device provided in the settling tank in the power generation system of embodiment, and is the figure which shows the state which CPO is in the upper liquid level L100. It is a structural diagram which shows the structure and operation of the suction device provided in the settling tank in the power generation system of embodiment, and is the figure which shows the state which CPO is in the intermediate liquid level L50. It is a piping block diagram of the degumming device in the power generation system of embodiment.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
This embodiment relates to a power generation system 1 provided with a degumming device 2 for removing gum (phospholipids) and the like from CPO, which is a plant crude oil, by hydration treatment. In this power generation system 1, at the oil palm fruit oil extraction plant 3, which is the raw material of CPO, a part of CPO for shipment is reformed by the degumming device 2 to produce degummed crude oil, which is used as fuel. By generating electricity, it is possible to cover at least a part of the electric power used in the oil mill 3 and the like.

First, an outline of the power generation system 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the power generation system 1 of the embodiment. The lower half of FIG. 1 schematically shows a plantation 4 for cultivating oil palm fruits, which is a raw material for CPO, and an oil mill 3 (equipment or process thereof) installed adjacent to the plantation 4. The upper half of FIG. 1 schematically shows a CPO refining plant 5 to which the CPO produced at the oil mill 3 is transported.

As shown in FIG. 1, the oil palm fruits harvested in the plantation 4 are transported by truck to the oil mill 3. At the oil extraction plant 3, the collected fruit bunches are steamed to inactivate the enzyme (inactivation step 6), and the fruits are crushed with an oil squeezing machine to squeeze the oil (oil extraction step 7). This squeezed oil is palm crude oil (CPO) as vegetable crude oil, and is stored in the storage tank 10. The CPO stored in the storage tank 10 is generally transported by truck or the like to a CPO refining plant 5 located away from the plantation 4 and the oil mill 3, refined, and RBDPO (refined palm olein) and RBDPS (refined palm). Stea) will be biodiesel fuel and will be shipped to consumers by truck.

As shown in FIG. 1, the CPO of the storage tank 10 is connected to the settling tank 13 by the oil supply pipe 11 and the oil return pipe 12. When the CPO is allowed to stand in the settling tank 13, impurities are settled and separated from the supernatant. The bottom CPO containing impurities is returned to the storage tank 10 by the oil return pipe 12, and the upper CPO, which is the supernatant, is sent to the degumming device 2. The CPO is hydrated by the degumming device 2 and centrifuged together with impurities to become degummed crude oil, which is sent to the diesel engine 16 of the power generation facility 15. The diesel engine 16 driven by the degummed crude oil drives the generator 17, and the electric power generated by the generator 17 is distributed to the consumers in the oil mill 3 by the distribution equipment 18. Consumers include the manufacturing equipment provided in the inactivation process 6 and the oil extraction process 7, as well as the personnel working in the oil extraction plant 3.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the degumming device 2 included in the power generation system 1 of the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the CPO sent from the settling tank 13 (see FIG. 1) is agitated and mixed with hot water by the mixer 20 to become mixed crude oil, which is stored in the hydration tank 21. The mixed crude oil in the hydration tank 21 can be returned to the upstream side of the mixer 20 via the mixer return pipe 22, and if such a circulation path is used, the mixer is a device that operates at high speed. 20 can be operated without stopping. As shown in the path R1 in FIG. 2, the mixer return pipe 22 from the mixed crude oil in the hydration tank 21 may be connected downstream from the position where the hot water is added.

As shown in FIG. 2, the hydration tank 21 is connected to the centrifuge 24 by a pipe 23. The mixed crude oil sent from the hydration tank 21 to the centrifuge 24 separates and removes gum, mesocarp fiber, sand, metal, etc., and the resulting degummed crude oil is a CPO clean tank. Stored at 25. Unwanted components removed from the mixed crude oil are discharged as sludge and the like. The CPO clean tank 25 is connected to the upstream side (specifically, the hydration tank 21) of the centrifuge 24 by the centrifuge return pipe 26, and the degummed crude oil exceeds the specified storage capacity in the clean tank 25. The overflow amount can be returned to the hydration tank 21, and if such a circulation path is used, the centrifuge 24, which is a device operated at high speed, can be operated without stopping.

Next, the specific structure and operation of the power generation system 1 including the degumming device 2 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. First, a more specific structure of the equipment for supplying CPO to the degumming device 2 will be mainly described.

FIG. 3 is a piping configuration diagram of the storage tank 10 and the settling tank 13. As shown in FIG. 3, the power generation system 1 of this embodiment includes one storage tank 10 and two sedimentation tanks 13. An oil supply pipe 11 that sends CPO out of the storage tank 10 is connected to the bottom of the storage tank 10. An oil supply pump 27 is provided in the oil supply pipe 11, and the downstream side of the oil supply pump 27 is branched into two hands, and the upper portions of the two settling

tanks

13 and 13 are provided via the switching

valves

28 and 28, respectively. It is connected to the. Further, an oil return pipe 12 is connected to the upper part of the storage tank 10 in order to receive the CPO in the storage tank 10. An oil return pump 29 is provided in the oil return pipe 12, and the upstream side of the oil return pump 29 is branched into two hands, and the bottoms of the two settling

tanks

13 and 13 are branched via the switching

valves

28 and 28, respectively. It is connected to the.

As shown in FIG. 3, a transfer pipe 31 is connected to each bottom of the two sedimentation tanks 13 via

transfer valves

30 and 30, respectively. The two

transfer pipes

31 and 31 are merged into one, and the transfer pump 32 is attached. The transfer pipe 31 on the downstream side of the transfer pump 32 is connected to a degumming device 2 (see FIG. 5) described later.

As shown in FIG. 3, a suction device 33 is provided inside the settling tank 13. The suction device 33 sucks in the supernatant of CPO between the upper liquid level (100% capacity liquid level position) and the intermediate liquid level (50% capacity liquid level position) of the settling tank 13 and sends it out to the transfer pipe 31. .. Details of the suction device 33 are shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the suction device 33 includes a plurality of guide rods 34 erected in the settling tank 13 and a cylindrical and bellows-shaped expansion pipe 35 that expands and contracts along the guide rods 34. , Has a float 36 attached to the opening at the upper end of the telescopic tube 35. Between the float 36 and the opening of the telescopic tube 35, there is a gap through which CPO near the liquid level flows. The lower end of the expansion tube 35 is fixed to a cylindrical fixing portion 37 attached to the bottom surface of the settling tank 13. The fixing portion 37 is connected and communicated with a transfer pipe 31 penetrating the wall of the settling tank 13. Therefore, the CPO that has flowed in from the opening at the upper end of the telescopic pipe 35 is sent from the transfer pipe 31 to the degumming device 2 described later by the transfer pump 32 via the telescopic pipe 35 and the fixing portion 37. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, inside the settling tank 13, the upper liquid level (liquid level position of 100% capacity) L100 (see FIG. 4A) and the intermediate liquid level (liquid level position of 50% capacity) L50 ( A liquid level detection switch 38 capable of detecting (see FIG. 4B) is provided.

From the time when the liquid level detection switch 38 detects the upper liquid level L100 as shown in FIG. 4A to the time when the liquid level detection switch 38 detects the intermediate liquid level L50 as shown in FIG. 4B, the suction device 33 keeps the CPO supernatant in the settling tank 13. The minute is sucked in and the oil is sent to the degumming device 2. When the liquid level detection switch 38 detects the intermediate liquid level L50, the oil supply to the degumming device 2 is stopped and the settling tank 13 is switched. At the same time, the oil is returned to the storage tank 10 of the oil refinery 3, and the remaining CPO having a capacity of 50% in which impurities are settled is stored in the oil refinery 3 by the oil return pump 29 and the oil return pipe 12. Return the oil to the tank 10. Further, when the liquid level detection switch 38 detects a lower position (not shown, for example, when the remaining CPO has a capacity of 20%), the oil return pump 29 is stopped, the oil supply pump 27 is started, and the CPO for the settling tank 13 is started. The oil feeding pump 27 is stopped when the liquid level of the settling tank 13 reaches the upper liquid level L100.

As shown in FIG. 3, inside the settling tank 13, a main heater 39 for heating the CPO is provided below the intermediate liquid level (the position of the liquid level having a capacity of about 40%). Since CPO has low thermal conductivity characteristics, by providing the main heater 39 at the liquid level position where the capacity of the settling tank 13 is about 40%, convection due to the density difference is generated only in the upper part of the settling tank 13, and the settling tank 13 Mesocarp fiber and metal components are likely to settle in the lower part of the. In the settling tank 13, an emergency spare heater 40 is provided below the main heater 39.

FIG. 5 is a piping configuration diagram of the degumming device 2 provided downstream of the settling tank 13. As shown in FIG. 5, a mixer 20 is connected to the downstream side of the transfer pipe 31 provided with the transfer pump 32 (see FIG. 3) via a heater 41 and a check valve 42. Further, the degumming device 2 has a hot water tank 43. The hot water tank 43 can store the required temperature and amount of hot water by the hot water heater 44 and the float valve 45. The hot water tank 43 is connected to the transfer pipe 31 on the upstream side of the mixer 20 via the hot water pipe 47 provided with the hot water supply pump 46 and the check valve 42. The mixer 20 uniformly mixes the hot water sent from the hot water tank 43 and the CPO, hydrates the gum (phospholipid) in the CPO to generate mixed crude oil, and sends the mixed crude oil to the hydration tank 21 via the transfer pipe 31. ..

As shown in FIG. 5, the hydration tank 21 is a tank for storing mixed crude oil, and has a main heater 39, a spare heater 40, and a liquid level detection switch 38 for controlling the liquid level position. The upstream end of the mixer return pipe 22 that returns the mixed crude oil of the hydration tank 21 to the upstream side of the mixer 20 is connected to the height of the intermediate liquid level of the hydration tank 21. The downstream end of the mixer return pipe 22 is connected to the transfer pipe 31 slightly upstream of the position where the hot water pipe 47 is connected. A return pump 49 is provided in the middle of the mixer return pipe 22.

As shown in FIG. 5, the upstream side of the transfer pipe 31 having the manual valve 50a in the middle is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the hydration tank 21, and the downstream side of the transfer pipe 31 has the centrifugal pump 51. It is connected to the centrifuge 24. The centrifuge 24 separates and removes contaminants such as gum, mesocarp fiber, sand, and metal from the mixed crude oil and discharges them as sludge, and also transfers the cleaned CPO (degaming crude oil) to the transfer pipe. Oil is sent to the clean tank 25 via 31. For sludge from the centrifuge 24, an oil-water separator is installed to separate the water, and the remaining phospholipids are completely removed by using the heat of the exhaust gas of the engine, and PKS (palm) is used. -By mixing with curlnel shell) and turning it into fuel, it is possible to prevent the generation of untreated waste. In the example shown in FIG. 5, only one unit of the centrifuge 24 is shown, but as shown in the branch pipe 52, a plurality of units of the centrifuge 24 (not shown) are arranged in parallel. It may be provided to improve the efficiency of cleaning the mixed crude oil.

As shown in FIG. 5, the clean tank 25 is a tank for storing degummed crude oil sent from the centrifuge 24, and has a main heater 39 and a suction heater 53. Further, the clean tank 25 includes a suction device 33 and a liquid level detection switch 38 having the same configuration as that provided in the settling tank 13, and can send the degummed crude oil to the diesel engine equipment. An upstream side of a centrifuge return pipe 26 for returning an overflow amount of degummed crude oil exceeding the specified capacity of the tank to the upstream side of the centrifuge 24 is connected to the upper part of the clean tank 25. The downstream side of the centrifuge return pipe 26 may be connected to the position closest to the inlet of the centrifuge 24, but in this embodiment, it is connected to the hydration tank 21. According to such a centrifuge return pipe 26, the centrifuge 24, which is a high-speed rotating machine, is a high-speed rotating machine by appropriately returning the degummed crude oil to the hydration tank 21 and circulating it according to the consumption amount of the degummed crude oil. Can be continuously operated without stopping in the same manner as the mixer 20, and the shortened life due to the start / stop of the centrifuge 24 can be avoided.

As shown in FIG. 5, the upstream side of the cleaning pipe 54 is connected to the bottom of the clean tank 25. A manual valve 50b as a cleaning valve is provided in the middle of the cleaning pipe 54. The downstream side of the cleaning pipe 54 is connected to the middle of the transfer pipe 31 from the hydration tank 21 to the centrifuge 24. Further, the suction heater 53 of the clean tank 25 is provided at a connection portion between the cleaning pipe 54 and the clean tank 25, and warms the degummed crude oil in which impurities have settled and easily sucks the degumming crude oil from the cleaning pipe 54. I am trying to put it out. According to the cleaning pipe 54 and the manual valve 50b, the contaminants settled on the bottom of the clean tank 25 can be sucked out of the clean tank 25 and removed by the centrifuge 24 by opening and closing the manual valve 50b. It is possible to reduce the load on the fuel filter on the power generation facility 15 side, which is the destination.

Next, an example of the operation method of the power generation system 1 and the operation and effect in the example of the operation method will be mainly described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. The power generation system 1 can be controlled by a control unit (not shown) or manually.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the front stage of the power generation system 1, the main heater 39 is installed at the position of the liquid level having a capacity of about 40% from the bottom surface of the settling tank 13, and about 50 from the position of the upper liquid level having a capacity of 100%. The supernatant of CPO is sucked up to the position of the intermediate liquid level of% by the suction device 33 and sent to the degumming device 2 in the subsequent stage. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the liquid level detection switch 38 of the settling tank 13 detects the positions of the upper liquid level L100, the intermediate liquid level L50, and the lowermost liquid level. Since there are two settling tanks 13, the capacity of each settling tank 13 should be at least four times the maximum daily fuel consumption, and oil transfer to transfer CPO from the storage tank 10 of the refinery 3 to the settling tank 13. The pump capacity of the pump 27 is 6 times or more the maximum fuel consumption, and the pump capacity of the return pump 29 that returns the CPO from the settling tank 13 to the storage tank 10 of the oil refinery 3 is also the maximum fuel consumption. The discharge amount should be 6 times or more of.

The operation method of the settling tank 13 will be described with reference to FIG.
Based on the detection result of the liquid level detection switch 38 installed in the settling tank 13, a control device (not shown) sends back the CPO from the storage tank 10 to the oil supply pump 27 and the settling tank 13 to the storage tank 10. The oil pump 29 is controlled to start and stop as follows. When the capacity of the settling tank 13 is reduced from 100% liquid level height (upper liquid level) L100 to 50% liquid level height (intermediate liquid level) L50, it is responsible for CPO oil supply. The settling tank 13 is switched to the other settling tank 13. The settling tank 13 that had been used until then stopped oil feeding, and the bottom position of the storage tank 10 of the oil mill 3 until the liquid level of the residual oil in the settling tank 13 reached the lowest position (lowest liquid level). The CPO is returned to the oil, and the supernatant CPO above the storage tank 10 of the oil mill 3 is newly replenished until the liquid level reaches 100% of the liquid level of the other settling tank 13 (upper liquid level L100). The capacity of the settling tank 13 and the capacity of the oil supply pump 27 are 100% capacity of the CPO by returning the remaining 50% capacity of CPO after supplying oil up to 50% capacity and switching the settling tank 13. It is preferable to set the replenishment to the position so that it can be replenished in less than one day. In this way, by alternately switching between the two sedimentation tanks 13, the sedimentation tank 13 that has stopped oil supply can have a standing time of one day or more, so that impurities can be removed. It can be reliably settled. Further, in the present embodiment, since the storage capacity of the CPO is large because the two settling tanks 13 are provided, the CPO can be constantly supplied to the degumming device 2 described later, and the generator of the diesel engine equipment can be used. It is continuously driven, and electric power can be constantly distributed to the manufacturing equipment and the like in the oil mill 3.

According to the experimental results by the inventors of the present application so far, it has been confirmed that foreign substances in the CPO are efficiently precipitated by heating the CPO and allowing it to stand in a liquefied state. Based on this result, if the temperature in the settling tank 13 is set to about 60 ° C. at which the CPO is completely liquefied by the main heater 39 and the mixture is allowed to stand for 1 day or more, foreign substances such as mesocarp fibers, metals and sand are surely settled. The effect is obtained. However, since it is considered that the convection effect due to the heating in the settling tank 13 is reduced, the mounting position of the main heater 39 is set to the intermediate position L50 (see FIG. 4B) of the settling tank 13 or slightly below this. Convection should be less likely to occur at the bottom of the settling tank 13. Furthermore, by using the suction device 33 that floats on the CPO and moves up and down, only the supernatant of the CPO is used as fuel, and the portion containing a large amount of precipitate with a capacity of 50% or less is not used, and the mixture is returned to the storage tank 10 of the oil mill 3. , Efficient foreign matter removal was achieved.

The operation method of the degumming device 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
The capacity of the transfer pump 32 (see FIG. 3, the same applies hereinafter) that sends CPO from the settling tank 13 to the degumming device 2 shall be about three times or more the maximum fuel consumption. The liquid level detection switch 38 installed in the hydration tank 21 detects the height of the upper liquid level of 100% capacity and the height of the intermediate liquid level of 50% capacity, and stops the transfer pump 32 from the settling tank 13. And start control is performed, and the supernatant CPO in the settling tank 13 is supplied to the hydration tank 21 via the mixer 20 of the degumming device 2 by the suction device 33 installed in the settling tank 13.

When the liquid level detection switch 38 installed in the hydration tank 21 detects the liquid level height of 100% capacity, the transfer pump 32 that sends CPO from the settling tank 13 to the degumming device 2 is stopped. At this point, the return pump 49 installed in the mixer return pipe 22 is started, and the mixer 20 continuously operates. Since the check valve 42 is installed in the wake position of the return pump 49 in the mixer return pipe 22, the transfer pump 32 from the settling tank 13 is started, and the return pump 49 of the mixer return pipe 22 is stopped. Even if there is, a short circuit from the settling tank 13 to the hydration tank 21 does not occur. Further, in a state where the return pump 49 of the mixer return pipe 22 is started and the transfer pump 32 from the settling tank 13 is stopped, the transfer pipe 31 is connected to the transfer pipe 31 so that backflow from the hydration tank 21 to the settling tank 13 does not occur. A check valve 42 is provided between the transfer pump 32 and the connection position of the mixer return pipe 22.

In front of the mixer 20, hot water for hydrating the gum (phospholipid) in the CPO is supplied, and the CPO and the hot water are uniformly mixed in the mixer 20. At this time, hot water is supplied to the mixer 20 in order to efficiently perform degumming and simultaneously remove mesocarp fiber (mesocarp fiber), metal content, sand, etc. mixed in the CPO. The supply pump 46 is interlocked with the transfer pump 32 to control the flow rate so that the amount of hot water is about 10% of the supply capacity of the CPO.

Since the check valve 42 is provided in the hot water pipe 47, the transfer pump 32 that supplies CPO from the settling tank 13 is stopped, and the return pump 49 provided in the mixer return pipe 22 from the hydration tank 21 is operated. Even if this is done, the CPO will not flow back to the hot water tank 43 side.

The hydration tank 21 installed in the wake of the mixer 20 has a tank capacity of at least twice the maximum daily fuel consumption so that the hydration reaction of the gum (phospholipid) in the CPO is completely carried out. It is preferable to ensure a sufficient hydration time.

The capacity of the centrifuge pump 51 provided in the centrifuge 24 shall be three times or more the maximum fuel consumption. Since the upper part of the clean tank 25 and the hydration tank 21 are connected by the centrifuge return pipe 26, the liquid level position of the hydration tank 21 is 100% by the liquid level detection switch 38 installed in the hydration tank 21. When the capacity is reached, the transfer pump 32 is stopped, and when the liquid level drops to the liquid level position of 50% capacity, the transfer pump 32 is started again to stop the centrifuge pump 51 and the centrifuge 24. The CPO can be circulated in the circulation path from the hydration tank 21 to the centrifuge 24 and the clean tank 25 without any need for continuous operation.

Since the CPO overflowing from the clean tank 25 contains air, as shown in the path R2 in FIG. 2, connecting the centrifuge return pipe 26 directly upstream of the centrifuge 24 is not possible. It is not preferable because there is a possibility that cavitation may occur in the centrifuge 24. However, this does not apply if a means for removing air in the CPO is provided.

The manual valve 50a installed in the transfer pipe 31 connecting the outlet of the hydration tank 21 and the centrifugal pump 51 is always open, and the manual valve 50b provided in the cleaning pipe 54 connected to the bottom of the clean tank 25 is always closed. To do. When cleaning the bottom of the clean tank 25 once or several times a month, close the manual valve 50a installed upstream of the centrifuge pump 51 and open the manual valve 50b provided in the cleaning pipe 54. By doing so, the water and impurities accumulated at the bottom of the clean tank 25 can be removed by the centrifuge 24, and the maintenance of the clean tank 25 can be easily performed. Since the two

manual valves

50a and 50b are used infrequently, they are manually operated, and a solenoid valve or the like that can be remotely controlled may be used depending on the method of use.

In the normal degumming treatment of palm oil, the gum content is about 3%, so that the degumming treatment is generally performed by adding an equal amount of water, but this embodiment is the target. Since the CPO to be used contains metal components, sand, etc. in addition to gum, the amount of water to be added is about 10 with respect to the amount of CPO to be degummed in order to efficiently remove these at the same time in the degumming treatment. The volume was increased to%, and the volume of the hydration tank 21 was increased so that the hydration reaction was completely carried out so that the hydration time could be sufficiently taken. Further, by installing the mixer return pipe 22 connecting the lower part of the hydration tank 21 and the upstream side of the mixer 20, a circulation line between the mixer 20 and the hydration tank 21 was formed, so that it stayed at the bottom of the hydration tank 21. The separated water can be removed by passing it through the mixer 20 again.

As described above, in general, the palm fruit refinery 3 is located far away from the CPO refining plant 5 that manufactures RBDPO (refined palm olein), RBDPS (refined palm steer), and biodiesel fuel, so that CPO refining is performed. Although it is difficult to receive the biodiesel fuel from the factory 5, according to the power generation system 1 of the embodiment provided with the degumming device 2, a part of the CPO to be shipped from the oil mill 3 to the CPO refinery 5 is used. By using this, the power that can be used for the power of the inactivation step 6 and the oil squeezing step 7 and the living energy of the workers can be generated and supplied at the oil mill 3 at low cost. In addition, since it uses vegetable oil to generate electricity, it will be treated as CO2-free, which will contribute to the reduction of CO2 emissions in the palm oil extraction process.

Further, in the power generation system 1, the diesel engine 16 may be stopped when the demand for electric power is low, and in that case, the CPO is not consumed. However, devices that operate at high speed, such as the mixer 20 and the centrifuge 24, are preferably continuously operated as much as possible. Therefore, in the degumming device 2 of the present embodiment, the centrifuge return pipe 26 is provided in the clean tank 25, and the mixer return pipe 22 is provided in the hydration tank 21 to circulate the CPO in the degumming device 2. , The mixer 20 and the centrifuge 24 can be continuously operated without stopping. As a result, the degumming device 2 including these high-speed machines, whose frequent stops are likely to lead to troubles, can be stably operated.

1 ... Power generation system 2 ... Degumming device 10 ... Storage tank 11 ... Oil supply pipe 12 ... Oil return pipe 13 ... Settlement tank 15 ... Power generation equipment 16 ... Diesel engine 17 ... Generator 20 ... Mixer 21 ... Hydration tank 22 ... Mixer Return piping 24 ... Centrifugal separator 25 ... Clean tank 26 ... Centrifugal separator Return piping 33 ... Suction device 39 ... Main heater of settling tank 50b ... Manual valve as a cleaning valve 54 ... Cleaning piping L100 ... Upper liquid level of CPO L50 ... Intermediate liquid level of CPO

Claims

A storage tank for storing vegetable crude oil and
A settling tank connected to the storage tank via an oil supply pipe and an oil return pipe,
A degumming device that sends vegetable crude oil from the settling tank,
It has a power generation facility operated by degumming crude oil obtained from vegetable crude oil by the degumming device.
A part of the vegetable crude oil in the storage tank is sent from the oil feeding pipe to the settling tank, and the supernatant of the vegetable crude oil settled in the settling tank is sent to the degumming device and settled in the settling tank. A power generation system in which the sedimentation amount of crude vegetable oil is returned from the oil return pipe to the storage tank, and the power generation facility is operated by the degumming crude oil supplied from the degumming device to generate power.
Plant crude oil is stored up to the upper liquid level in the sedimentation tank and allowed to stand for a certain period of time to perform sedimentation treatment.
The supernatant of the vegetable crude oil from the upper liquid level to the intermediate liquid level is sent to the degumming device.
The power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the sedimentation amount of the plant crude oil from the intermediate liquid level to the lower liquid level is returned to the storage tank.
The settling tank is provided with a plurality of units.
The operation of sending the supernatant of the plant crude oil from some of the sedimentation tanks to the degumming device and performing the sedimentation treatment of the plant crude oil in the other sedimentation tanks is alternated by exchanging the partial sedimentation tank and the other sedimentation tanks. The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 and 2.
The degumming device
A mixer that mixes vegetable crude oil and water to produce mixed crude oil,
A hydration tank connected to the mixer to store mixed crude oil,
A centrifuge connected to the hydration tank to separate water and impurities from the mixed crude oil to produce degummed crude oil.
A clean tank for storing de-gum crude oil,
The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The power generation facility has an engine and a generator driven by the engine, and the power generated by the generator is supplied to a consumer including the power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Power generation system.
Inside the settling tank, a suction device that sucks the supernatant of the vegetable crude oil between the upper liquid level and the intermediate liquid level and sends it to the degumming device, and a suction device provided below the intermediate liquid level to add the vegetable crude oil. The power generation system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a heater for heating is provided.