WO2021121171A1 - 电致变色器件的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

电致变色器件的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021121171A1
WO2021121171A1 PCT/CN2020/135999 CN2020135999W WO2021121171A1 WO 2021121171 A1 WO2021121171 A1 WO 2021121171A1 CN 2020135999 W CN2020135999 W CN 2020135999W WO 2021121171 A1 WO2021121171 A1 WO 2021121171A1
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Prior art keywords
electrochromic device
current
preset
transmittance
circuit potential
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PCT/CN2020/135999
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹超月
何嘉智
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深圳市光羿科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市光羿科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市光羿科技有限公司
Priority to US17/783,257 priority Critical patent/US20230036063A1/en
Priority to KR1020227019312A priority patent/KR20220099994A/ko
Priority to EP20901958.7A priority patent/EP4053627A4/en
Priority to JP2022531528A priority patent/JP7427288B2/ja
Publication of WO2021121171A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021121171A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
    • G09G3/16—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/19—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/02—Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation
    • G09G2330/025—Reduction of instantaneous peaks of current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/12—Test circuits or failure detection circuits included in a display system, as permanent part thereof

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of electrochromic devices, for example, to a control method, device, equipment, and storage medium of an electrochromic device.
  • Electrochromic devices need to control the reversible electrochemical oxidation-reduction reaction of materials in the device by applying voltage or current, so as to adjust the transmittance or reflectivity of the device.
  • constant voltage using a specific voltage for a certain period of time
  • constant current using a specific current for a certain period of time
  • This simple form of charging and discharging will bring about a series of problems, such as uneven discoloration of the device, slow discoloration speed, and short cycle life.
  • a constant current charging and discharging method is generally adopted, and the transmittance of the control device is controlled by monitoring the induced potential reached at two points in the device or calculating the total charge and discharge during charging.
  • the induced potential reaches the set value
  • the device's induced potential is maintained by continuously applying a constant voltage to the device to maintain the device's transmittance unchanged.
  • the disadvantage of the related technology is that electrodes must be drawn from the device to monitor the induced potential during charging and discharging, and then the reaction current generated by the two poles of the device is monitored to calculate the reaction charge, thereby making a logical decision.
  • the potential distribution on the transparent conductive electrode is uneven, and the potential near the power input poles is high, which causes the power pole area to change color first, and because the transparent conductive electrode has a large internal resistance, it is far away from the electrode.
  • the electric potential is low, and the color-changing material cannot have enough voltage to react. It is manifested by the inconsistency between the transmittance of the polar region and the discoloration of the central region. It takes a longer waiting time for the center to slowly reach the required transmittance.
  • the transmittance of the entire electrochromic device tends to be uniform. This problem is generally referred to as the "iris effect".
  • the present application provides a control method, device, equipment and storage medium of an electrochromic device, so as to achieve uniform color change and an increase in the life of the electrochromic device.
  • a control method of an electrochromic device which includes:
  • the external power supply is controlled to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode until the current transmittance of the electrochromic device The overrate reaches the preset transmittance;
  • the external power supply is controlled to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the second mode to make the electrochromic device
  • the current open circuit potential of the device continues to be within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • a control device of the electrochromic device comprising:
  • a judging module configured to judge whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance
  • the first charging and discharging module is configured to control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode in response to the current transmittance of the electrochromic device not reaching the preset transmittance, until the current transmittance of the electrochromic device has not reached the preset transmittance.
  • the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance;
  • a potential determination module configured to suspend charging and discharging in response to the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaching the preset transmittance, and continuously monitor whether the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is in the preset open circuit Within the potential threshold range;
  • the second charging and discharging module is configured to control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the second mode when the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is not within the preset open circuit potential threshold range , So that the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is continuously within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • a dimming device is also provided, and the device includes:
  • One or more processors are One or more processors;
  • Storage device set to store one or more programs
  • the one or more processors realize the control method of the electrochromic device described above.
  • a storage medium is also provided, and a computer program is stored thereon, the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned control method of the electrochromic device is realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a control method of an electrochromic device according to Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an electrochromic device according to the second embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for an electrochromic device according to a third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dimming device provided in Embodiment 4 of this application.
  • first”, “second”, etc. may be used herein to describe various directions, actions, steps or elements, etc., but these directions, actions, steps or elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first direction, action, step or element from another direction, action, step or element.
  • the first mode may be referred to as the second mode, and similarly, the second mode may be referred to as the first mode. Both the first mode and the second mode are modes, but they are not the same mode.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise defined.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling an electrochromic device according to the first embodiment of the application. This embodiment can be applied to control the stable transmittance of the electrochromic device and includes the following steps:
  • Step 100 Determine whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance.
  • the electrochromic device can be configured as electrochromic rearview mirrors, electrochromic smart windows, electrochromic glasses, etc. various dimming devices.
  • the electrochromic device generally controls the material in the electrochromic device to produce reversible electrochemical oxidation-reduction by applying a voltage or current, thereby controlling the change in the transmittance of the resistive color changing device.
  • the current transmittance of the electrochromic device may be changed due to some factors, such as changes in the ambient temperature, the duration of use of the device, etc., causing the current transmittance of the electrochromic device to fail to reach the preset transmittance; or In other cases, when the value of the preset transmittance is adjusted, the current transmittance of the electrochromic device cannot reach the preset transmittance. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device is within the preset transmittance range in real time.
  • Step 110 If the current transmittance of the electrochromic device does not reach the preset transmittance, control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode until the current transmittance of the electrochromic device The transmittance reaches the preset transmittance.
  • the first mode charging and discharging or the second mode charging and discharging include: constant voltage charging and discharging, constant current charging and discharging, pulse charging and discharging, and/or sweeping charging and discharging.
  • Pulse charging and discharging include multiple pulse sections and multiple intermittent sections.
  • the multiple pulse sections and multiple intermittent sections are distributed at intervals.
  • the duration of each pulse section and each intermittent section is relatively short, within 0.001-20s, respectively.
  • Sweep charging and discharging means that in the initial stage of charging, the partial pressure of the electrochromic device gradually rises, until it rises to a preset voltage, and then performs constant voltage charging.
  • the external power supply scans the electrochromic device for charging and discharging, which can be achieved by connecting a fixed resistor in series with the electrochromic device in the circuit.
  • the internal resistance of the electrochromic device can be regarded as "0"
  • the fixed resistance in the circuit shares the circuit voltage.
  • the internal resistance of the electrochromic device increases, and its partial voltage in the circuit gradually rises.
  • the internal resistance of the electrochromic device can be regarded as "infinite", sharing all voltages in the circuit, and forming a constant voltage charge.
  • the following multiple charge and discharge forms can be obtained to charge the electrochromic device, so as to achieve
  • the electrochromic device maintains the effect of a specific transmittance, and the color change of the electrochromic device is uniform, and the service life is greatly improved: constant voltage charge and discharge, instantaneous high voltage and constant voltage charge and discharge, instantaneous high current and constant voltage charge Discharge, constant current charge and discharge, instantaneous high voltage and constant current charge and discharge, instantaneous high current and constant current charge and discharge, forward constant voltage charge and discharge-a certain time of open circuit or reverse constant voltage charge and discharge-constant voltage charge and discharge cycle, Forward constant voltage charge and discharge-a certain time of open circuit or reverse constant current charge and discharge-constant voltage charge and discharge cycle, forward constant current charge and discharge-a certain time of open circuit or reverse constant voltage charge and discharge-constant current charge and discharge, positive Charge and discharge to constant
  • the method for judging that the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance includes: the number of charge and discharge charges of the electrochromic device reaches the preset value, and the electrochromic device The constant voltage or constant current output time of the device reaches the preset time or the output current of the electrochromic device is less than the preset cut-off current.
  • the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is used to determine whether it is necessary to charge and discharge the electrochromic device through a variety of charging and discharging methods such as constant current and constant voltage to maintain a certain transmittance and accurately adjust the electrochromic Device transmittance range.
  • the transmittance is adjusted from a higher state to a lower state, or from a lower transmittance to a higher transmittance
  • the electrochromic logic control board outputs a forward or reverse voltage to the electrochromic device Or the current causes the oxidation-reduction reaction to change the transmittance state of the electrochromic device.
  • the logic control board determines when to stop the output based on the number of charges transferred or by detecting the internal open-circuit potential of the device, so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the transmittance range of the electrochromic device, and at the same time protect the device from overcharging and overdischarging the device.
  • the logic control board needs a voltage detection sensor to detect the open circuit voltage and open circuit potential of the device. After receiving the instruction to adjust the transmittance of the device (darkening or brightening), the logic control board inputs voltage or current to the electrochromic device, and the current integrator detects the current transmitted to the electrochromic device and calculates the charge When the value meets the set number of charges, the voltage or current output is stopped.
  • the voltage or current output is stopped. In some cases, when the electrochromic device is in or assumed to be in the required transmittance range, the voltage or current output is stopped. In some cases, when the electrochromic device reaches the specified open circuit voltage and open circuit potential level or is within the specified open circuit potential level range, the voltage or current output is stopped. In some cases, the power output is stopped after the specified constant voltage or constant current time is output.
  • the electrochromic device In order to keep the electrochromic device in the specified transmittance range until the next instruction to change the transmittance range of the device is received, in some cases, when the amount of charge transferred reaches the required threshold or the open circuit potential of the device reaches the set threshold, change For the target voltage constant voltage output, the electrochromic device is always maintained at the target voltage to meet the requirements of maintaining the transmittance state, until the instruction to adjust the transmittance of the device is given again. Or when the amount of charge transferred reaches the required threshold or the open circuit potential of the device reaches the set threshold, the voltage or current output is stopped, and the voltage sensor continuously detects the change of the internal open circuit potential of the device, and controls the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device to maintain the preset open circuit Within the potential threshold range.
  • the electrochromic device when the current open-circuit potential of the electrochromic device is higher than the preset equilibrium potential of the electrochromic device, when the attenuation of the open-circuit potential reaches the set minimum threshold, the electrochromic device is re-adopted in the second mode to perform Charge until the current open-circuit potential of the device reaches the upper limit of the preset open-circuit potential threshold and stop the voltage or current output.
  • Constant voltage charging and discharging mode The external power supply performs constant voltage charging and discharging of the electrochromic device.
  • 1a In some cases, the current generated by the electrochromic device under constant voltage is detected by an integrator and the charge number is calculated. When the set number of charges is met, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped.
  • 1b In some cases, when the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance, stop charging and discharging the electrochromic device.
  • 1C in some cases, when the output of a predetermined length of time T n (eg0.01s ⁇ T n ⁇ 1000s), the electrochromic device stops charging and discharging. 1d.
  • the current is detected, when the device current reaches the set value or range of the preset cut-off current I t (for example, 0.1A/m 2 ⁇ I t ⁇ 10A/m 2 ), the charging and discharging of the power supply is stopped.
  • the preset cut-off current I t for example, 0.1A/m 2 ⁇ I t ⁇ 10A/m 2
  • multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when one or any of the indicators in 1a-1d reach the set value at the same time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped.
  • Constant current charge and discharge mode the external power supply charges and discharges the electrochromic device with constant current.
  • 4a the current input by the power supply to the electrochromic device is detected by the integrator and the charge number is calculated. When a certain number of charges is reached, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped. 4b. In some cases, when the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance range, stop charging and discharging the electrochromic device. 4c. In some cases, when the output is for a specified period of time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 4d.
  • the voltage is detected, and when the device voltage reaches the set value or range of the constant voltage charge and discharge cut-off current I t , the charge and discharge of the electrochromic device will be stopped.
  • multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when one or any of the indicators in 4a-4d reach the set value at the same time, the power supply charging and discharging will be stopped.
  • the charging voltage or charging current can be higher than the electrochemical window voltage in a short time, that is, pulse charging is used to charge a large amount in a short time The charge causes the device transmittance to change rapidly in a short period of time.
  • electrochromic devices like supercapacitors generally consist of double-electron-layer capacitors and Faraday pseudocapacitors.
  • the characteristic of pseudocapacitance is that the adsorbed ions do not undergo an electrochemical reaction (redox reaction) with the atoms on the electrode, but charge transfer occurs.
  • the ions in the solution lean against the surface of the electrode by means of physical adsorption, without generating or breaking chemical bonds. This process is reversible and very fast.
  • the electrochromic device is charged by a high-voltage pulse for a short period of time. Although the input voltage is higher than the electrochemical stability window, the electrochromic material will not have irreversible negative reactions in a short period of time.
  • the open circuit potential inside the device can be increased, and the overall transmittance of the device has a large change in a short time, so that the electrochromic device can be quickly changed color without damaging the electrochromic device.
  • the following several charging and discharging modes combining pulse charging and discharging and constant voltage/constant current charging and discharging can be used to achieve the aforementioned effect of avoiding damage to the electrochromic device while realizing the effect of rapid discoloration of the electrochromic device.
  • the external power supply performs instantaneous high-voltage and constant-voltage charging and discharging of electrochromic devices, where the instantaneous high voltage is higher than the electrochromic device applied in a short time (within 0.001-20s)
  • the high voltage of the electrochemical stability window (eg2-40V), 2a in some cases, in a short time (within 0.001-20s), use a high voltage (eg2-40V) higher than the electrochemical stability window to perform the device Constant voltage charging and discharging, and then applying a voltage within the electrochemical stability window to the electrochromic device for constant voltage V f ( ⁇ 2.0V) charging and discharging.
  • the current generated by the electrochromic device during the pressurization process is carried out through an integrator. Detect and calculate the number of charges, and when the value meets the set number of charges, stop charging and discharging the electrochromic device. 2b. In some cases, in a short period of time (within 0.001-20s), use a high voltage (eg2-40V) higher than the electrochemical stability window to charge and discharge the device at a constant voltage, and then apply a constant voltage to the electrochromic device. The voltage in the chemical stability window is charged and discharged at a constant voltage V f ( ⁇ 2.0V). When the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance range, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 2c.
  • a high voltage eg2-40V
  • a high voltage (eg2-40V) higher than the electrochemical stability window to charge and discharge the device at a constant voltage, and then apply a constant voltage to the electrochromic device.
  • the voltage in the chemical stability window is charged and discharged at a constant voltage V f ( ⁇ 2.0V), and when the output is for a specified period of time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped. 2d.
  • V f constant voltage
  • a high voltage (eg2-40V) higher than the electrochemical stability window to charge and discharge the device at a constant voltage, and then apply a constant voltage to the electrochromic device.
  • the voltage in the chemical stability window is charged and discharged with a constant voltage V f ( ⁇ 2.0V).
  • V f ⁇ 2.0V
  • the current is detected.
  • the device current reaches the preset cut-off current I t setting value or range, it stops Charging and discharging of electrochromic devices. In some cases, multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when one or any of the indicators in 2a-2d above reach the set value at the same time, the charging and discharging of the power supply is stopped.
  • Instantaneous high current and constant voltage charging and discharging mode The external power supply performs instantaneous high current and constant voltage charging and discharging of the electrochromic device, 3a.
  • high current eg1 -100A/m 2
  • Charge and discharge the device with a constant current and then apply a voltage within the electrochemical stability window to the electrochromic device for constant voltage ( ⁇ 2.0V) charge and discharge.
  • the electrochromic device is charged and discharged through the integrator.
  • the current generated in the voltage process is detected and the charge number is calculated. When the value meets the set charge number, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped. 3d.
  • the current is detected.
  • the electrochromic device is stopped. Discharge.
  • multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when one or any of the above indicators in 3a-3d reach the set value at the same time, the charging and discharging of the power supply is stopped.
  • Instantaneous high voltage and constant current charging and discharging modes where the instantaneous high voltage is a high voltage (eg2-40V) that is higher than the electrochemical stability window of the electrochromic device applied in a short time (within 0.001-20s): external power supply Perform instantaneous high voltage and constant current charge and discharge for electrochromic devices, 5a. In some cases, in a short time (within 0.001-20s), use a high voltage (eg2-40V) that is higher than the electrochemical stability window. The device performs constant voltage charge and discharge, and then applies constant current charge and discharge to the electrochromic device. The current input to the electrochromic device from the power supply is detected by the integrator and the charge is calculated.
  • a high voltage eg2-40V
  • the current input to the electrochromic device from the power supply is detected by the integrator and the charge is calculated.
  • Instantaneous high current and constant current charging and discharging mode The external power supply performs instantaneous high current and constant current charging and discharging of the electrochromic device, 6a.
  • high current eg1 -100A/m 2
  • regular current eg0.01-1A/m 2
  • the voltage After outputting for a specified period of time, the voltage is detected. When the device voltage reaches the set value or range of the preset cut-off voltage, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. In some cases, multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when one or any of the indicators in 6a-6d reach the set value at the same time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped.
  • Electrochromic devices generally consist of a "sandwich" structure composed of two transparent conductive layers, an electrochromic material layer, an ion storage layer and an intermediate electrolyte.
  • electrochromic devices with smaller dimensions for example, anti-glare rearview mirrors
  • the entire color change process can usually achieve a faster and uniform color change effect.
  • electrochromic devices with large-size electrochromic devices for example, electrochromic smart windows
  • the internal voltage distribution of the electrochromic device is not uniform, the potential difference between the two ends of the electrode is too large, which causes the electrochromic material in the electrode area to change color first, which is inconsistent with the transmittance of the central area to cause a color change trend, which is called the "iris effect" ".
  • the transmittance of the entire device gradually tends to be the same.
  • the inherently acceptable charge and discharge current of the electrochromic device is attenuated in a certain manner, making the device unable to accept long-term high-current charging, which manifests as a slowdown in the charging speed.
  • the electrochromic material in the two poles of the device will be reduced to a certain extent. This is because when the external electric field disappears, the internal potential of the device is redistributed, the two poles and the center The regional potential difference disappears, and the transmittance remains the same. However, the overall transmittance of the device increases as the charged charge increases. It can be seen that proper stopping of charging or adding high current discharge during the charging process of the electrochromic device, or proper stopping of charging or adding high current charge during the discharging process of the electrochromic device, can improve the overall charging speed.
  • the following charging and discharging modes combining pulse charging and discharging and constant voltage/constant current charging and discharging can be used to achieve the aforementioned effect of avoiding damage to the electrochromic device while realizing the effect of rapid and uniform discoloration of the electrochromic device.
  • Forward constant voltage charge and discharge-open circuit for a certain period of time or reverse constant voltage charge and discharge-constant voltage charge and discharge cycle mode In this charge and discharge mode, the external power supply uses a combination of pulse charge and discharge for the electrochromic device and constant voltage charge and discharge
  • the pulse charge and discharge include multiple pulse sections and multiple intermittent sections.
  • the pulse section adopts forward constant voltage charging and discharging, and the intermittent section adopts a certain time of open circuit or reverse constant voltage charging and discharging.
  • 7a. In some cases, the current generated by the electrochromic device under constant voltage is detected by the integrator and the charge count is calculated. When the value meets the set charge count, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 7b.
  • the electrochromic device when the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance range, stop charging and discharging the electrochromic device. 7c. In some cases, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped after the specified period of time has been output. 7d. In some cases, the current is detected after the output for a specified period of time, and when the device current reaches the set value or range of the preset cut-off current, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. In some cases, multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when one or any of the above indicators in 7a-7d reach the set value at the same time, the charging and discharging of the power supply will be stopped.
  • Forward constant voltage charge and discharge-open circuit for a certain period of time or reverse constant current charge and discharge-constant voltage charge and discharge cycle mode the external power supply uses a combination of pulse charge and discharge for the electrochromic device and constant voltage charge and discharge
  • the pulse charge and discharge include multiple pulse sections and multiple intermittent sections, wherein the pulse section adopts forward constant voltage charging and discharging, and the intermittent section adopts a certain time of open circuit or reverse constant current charging and discharging. 8a.
  • the current generated by the electrochromic device under constant voltage is detected by the integrator and the charge count is calculated. When the value meets the set charge count, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped. 8b.
  • the electrochromic device when the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance range, stop charging and discharging the electrochromic device. 8c. In some cases, when the output is for a specified period of time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 8d. In some cases, the current is detected after the output for a specified period of time, and when the device current reaches the set value or range of the preset cut-off current, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped. In some cases, multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when one or any of the above indicators in 8a-8d reach the set value at the same time, the power supply charging and discharging will be stopped.
  • the external power supply uses a combination of pulse charge and discharge for the electrochromic device and constant current charge and discharge
  • the pulse charge and discharge include multiple pulse sections and multiple intermittent sections.
  • the pulse section adopts positive constant current charging and discharging, and the intermittent section adopts a certain time of open circuit or reverse constant voltage charging and discharging.
  • 9a the current input from the power supply to the electrochromic device is detected by the integrator and the charge count is calculated. When the value meets the set charge count, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped. 9b.
  • the electrochromic device when the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance range, stop charging and discharging the electrochromic device. 9c. In some cases, when the output is for a specified period of time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 9d. In some cases, after outputting for a specified period of time, the voltage is detected, and when the device voltage reaches the set value or range of the preset cut-off voltage, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. In some cases, multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when one or any of the above indicators in 9a-9d reach the set value at the same time, the power supply charging and discharging are stopped.
  • the external power supply uses a combination of pulse charge and discharge for the electrochromic device and constant current charge and discharge
  • the pulse charge and discharge include multiple pulse sections and multiple intermittent sections.
  • the pulse section adopts positive constant current charging and discharging, and the intermittent section adopts a certain time of open circuit or reverse constant current charging and discharging.
  • 10a the current input from the power supply to the electrochromic device is detected by the integrator and the charge count is calculated. When the value meets the set charge count, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 10b.
  • the electrochromic device when the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance range, stop charging and discharging the electrochromic device. 10c. In some cases, when the output is for a specified period of time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 10d. In some cases, after the output for a specified period of time, the voltage is detected, and when the device voltage reaches the set value or range, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. In some cases, multiple tests are performed at the same time, and when the same or any of the above indicators in 10a-10d reach the set value at the same time, the charging and discharging of the power supply will be stopped.
  • Sweep speed charge and discharge mode The external power supply performs sweep speed charge and discharge of the electrochromic device, which is realized by connecting a fixed resistor in series with the electrochromic device in the circuit.
  • the electrochromic device When the electrochromic device is in a fully discharged state, the electrochromic device The internal resistance can be regarded as "0", and the fixed resistance in the circuit shares the circuit voltage.
  • the internal resistance of the electrochromic device gradually increases, and its partial voltage in the circuit gradually rises.
  • the internal resistance of the electrochromic device can be regarded as "infinity", sharing all the voltages in the circuit, and forming a constant Pressure charging.
  • the internal potential of the electrochromic device can gradually rise in a balanced manner, eliminating the difference in potential near the two poles, and achieving the effect of uniform discoloration.
  • 11a In some cases, when the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance range, stop charging and discharging the electrochromic device.
  • 11b In some cases, when the output is for a specified period of time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped.
  • 11c In some cases, when the device voltage reaches the set value of the preset cut-off voltage, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device is stopped.
  • 11d In some cases, multiple tests of 11a-11d are performed at the same time.
  • the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 11e. In some cases, when the device voltage reaches the set value, it will switch to constant voltage charging and discharging with a certain voltage. After the output for a specified period of time, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 11f. In some cases, when the device voltage reaches the set value, it is converted to constant voltage charging and discharging. When the electrochromic device reaches the required transmittance range, the charging of the electrochromic device is stopped. Discharge. 11g.
  • the device voltage when the device voltage reaches the set value, it is converted to constant voltage charging and discharging at a certain voltage, and the current generated by the electrochromic device under linear voltage change and constant voltage is detected and the charge is calculated through the integrator. When the value meets the set number of charges, the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device will be stopped. 11h. In some cases, when the device voltage reaches the set value, it is converted to constant voltage charging and discharging at a certain voltage. After outputting for a specified period of time, the current is detected. When the device current reaches the set value or range, the control is stopped. Charging and discharging of electrochromic devices.
  • Step 120 If the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance, suspend charging and discharging, and continuously monitor whether the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • the electrochromic device if the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance range, the charging and discharging are suspended, and the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is continuously monitored whether the current open circuit potential is within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • Step 130 If the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is not within the preset open circuit potential threshold range, control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the second mode, so that the electrochromic device The current open circuit potential of is continuously within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • step 130 includes step 131 and step 132:
  • Step 131 If the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is higher than the preset equilibrium potential of the electrochromic device, continue to monitor the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device. If the current open-circuit potential is higher than the upper limit of the preset open-circuit potential threshold range, stop charging; if the current open-circuit potential of the electrochromic device is lower than the lower limit of the preset open-circuit potential threshold range, the second mode is used to charge until the current open-circuit potential The upper limit of the preset open-circuit potential threshold is reached.
  • Step 132 If the current open-circuit potential of the electrochromic device is lower than the preset equilibrium potential of the electrochromic device, continuously monitor the current open-circuit potential of the electrochromic device. If the current open circuit potential is lower than the lower limit of the preset open circuit potential threshold range, discharging is stopped; if the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is higher than the upper limit of the preset open circuit potential threshold range, the second mode is used to discharge until the current open circuit potential The lower limit of the preset open-circuit potential threshold is reached.
  • the preset equilibrium potential of an electrochromic device is also called a reversible potential, which means that the forward reaction and reverse reaction of the electrode are equal, that is, the material migration and charge transport speed in the forward and reverse process are the same, and the current through the electrode is equal to zero at this time. Or the current is infinitely small.
  • the value of the preset equilibrium potential is related to the electrochromic layer selected for the electrochromic device, the ion storage layer and the selected electrolyte material.
  • the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device can be kept within the preset open circuit potential threshold range, so that the electrochromic device maintains the preset transmittance. In this way, during the transmittance maintenance stage, there is no need to charge the electrochromic device at a constant voltage for a long time. Instead, the electrochromic device is charged and discharged in the second mode after the current open circuit potential is not within the preset open circuit potential threshold range. Realize that the electrochromic device maintains a specific transmittance, or any intermediate state transmittance and the cycle between different transmittance ranges, reducing the damage to the device caused by long-term constant current and constant voltage charging and discharging.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a control method, device, equipment and storage medium of an electrochromic device.
  • the method includes: determining whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance; The current transmittance of the electrochromic device does not reach the preset transmittance, then the external power supply is controlled to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode until the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the Preset transmittance; if the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance, then suspend charging and discharging, and continuously monitor whether the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is at the preset open circuit potential threshold If the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is not within the preset open circuit potential threshold range, control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the second mode, so that the electrochromic device The current open circuit potential of is continuously within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • the control method of the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment of the application solves the related technology by judging whether the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device meets the preset requirement, and charging the electrochromic device through a variety of charging methods and judgment conditions. For the problem of inaccurate control and instability of the electrochromic device, the uniform color change and the increase of the life of the electrochromic device are realized.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for controlling an electrochromic device according to the second embodiment of the application. This embodiment may be suitable for controlling the stable transmittance of the electrochromic device, and includes the following steps:
  • Step 200 When an adjustment instruction is detected, determine whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance, and the adjustment instruction is performed when the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance. Generated when the transmittance is set and/or other preset conditions are met.
  • other preset conditions include one or a combination of the following conditions: when the temperature change exceeds the preset temperature difference range; when the electrochromic device is powered off and restarted; when a user input is received for adjustment transparency When the difference between the current transmittance and the preset transmittance of the electrochromic device is greater than the preset transmittance difference range; the preset time is reached from the last adjustment; when the sunlight intensity and When the user's location changes in temperature and light intensity throughout the year.
  • Step 210 If the current transmittance of the electrochromic device does not reach the preset transmittance, detect the ambient temperature, the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochromic device, and the use time of the electrochromic device , The open circuit potential of the electrochromic device after charging and discharging or the peak current during the charging and discharging of the electrochromic device.
  • the environmental temperature of the device in order to achieve precise adjustment of the transmittance of the electrochromic device, the environmental temperature of the device, the use time of the device, the number of cycles, the peak current of the device within a fixed voltage period, and the charging and discharging time Then the open circuit potential of the device is detected, and the preset charging and discharging parameters of the first mode are adjusted by detecting the above-mentioned multiple parameters.
  • Step 220 According to the ambient temperature, the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochromic device, the use time of the electrochromic device, the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device after charging and discharging, or the electrochromic device The peak current during the charging and discharging process of the device modifies the preset charging and discharging parameters in the first mode.
  • the performance of the electrochromic device will change under changes in temperature and service life.
  • electrochromic devices are more prone to degradation or damage of device performance caused by excessive oxidation reactions at high temperatures.
  • the logic control board can collect the real-time data of the external temperature sensor, and use it to judge the external environment of the device, and after receiving the instruction to adjust the transmittance range, it will reduce it according to the internal algorithm. Set the value of the transferred charge to a small value, or shorten the constant voltage and constant current charging time.
  • the logic control board can automatically adjust and set the transmittance range and the highest and lowest thresholds of the open circuit potential according to the value of the external temperature, so as to avoid the attenuation or damage caused by excessive oxidation of the device at high temperatures.
  • the logic control board judges the external environment of the device by detecting the magnitude of the charging or discharging current under a specific voltage, and after receiving the instruction to adjust the transmittance range, it appropriately reduces the set transfer charge according to the internal algorithm Or shorten the constant voltage and constant current charging time and automatically adjust the transmittance range, the highest and lowest thresholds of open circuit potential, so as to avoid the attenuation or damage caused by excessive oxidation of the device at high temperatures.
  • the electrochromic device generally realizes the color changing function through the movement of lithium ions between the electrolyte and the electrochromic material.
  • the lithium ions When a forward voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, the lithium ions are driven to move from the ion conductor/electrolyte to the electrochromic material.
  • the compensation charge will be discharged from the counter electrode, and the charge compensation electron will flow in from the external circuit and be embedded in the electrochromic material to keep the charge neutral.
  • the cycle time increases, at the end of the device life, due to the accumulation of Faraday charge loss, the process of ion insertion and extraction in the electrochromic material will become more difficult.
  • the logic control board can judge the performance of the device by detecting the magnitude of the peak current of charging or discharging under a specific voltage and the value of the open circuit potential of the device after charging and discharging. When the detection current or the open circuit potential of the device after charging and discharging is less than a set threshold , The logic control board needs to modify the output voltage or current value of the electrochromic device or change the output time according to the built-in algorithm such as the device use time and the number of cycles to ensure the adjustment of the set transmittance range.
  • the capacity and area of the electrochromic device, the transmittance and the open circuit potential are closely related.
  • the logic control board automatically recognizes the size of different electrochromic devices, and outputs voltage or current according to the corresponding logic control algorithm and combined with the operating environment of the device. In this way, it is ensured that the function of quickly and uniformly adjusting the transmittance of the electrochromic device is satisfied within the specified lifetime of the electrochromic device.
  • Step 230 Control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode to achieve a preset transmittance.
  • the electrochromic device when the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance, it enters the stage of maintaining the transmittance.
  • Step 240 If the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance, suspend charging and discharging, and continuously monitor whether the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • Step 250 If the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is not within the preset open circuit potential threshold range, control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the second mode, so that the electrochromic device The current open circuit potential of is continuously within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling an electrochromic device.
  • the method includes: when an adjustment instruction is detected, determining whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance, and the adjustment The instruction is generated when the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance and/or meets other preset conditions; if the current transmittance of the electrochromic device does not reach the preset transmittance Over rate, the ambient temperature, the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochromic device, the use time of the electrochromic device, the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device after charging and discharging, or the electrochromic device
  • the peak current during charging and discharging according to the ambient temperature, the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochromic device, the use time of the electrochromic device, the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device after charging and discharging, or The peak current during the charging and discharging process of the electrochromic device modifies the preset charging and discharging parameters
  • the control method of the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment of the application solves the related technology by judging whether the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device meets the preset requirement, and charging the electrochromic device through a variety of charging methods and judgment conditions. For the problem of inaccurate control and instability of the electrochromic device, the uniform color change and the increase of the life of the electrochromic device are realized.
  • the control device for the electrochromic device provided in the embodiment of the application can execute the control method of the electrochromic device provided in any embodiment of the application, and has the functional modules and effects corresponding to the execution method.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device control device 300 provided in the third embodiment of the present application. 3, the control device 300 of the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment of the present application may include:
  • the determining module 310 is configured to determine whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance; the first charging and discharging module 320 is configured to control the external power supply to charge the electrochromic device in the first mode Discharge until the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance; the potential determining module 330 is configured to suspend charging and discharging, and continuously monitor whether the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is at the preset Set the open circuit potential threshold range; the second charging and discharging module 340 is set so that the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is not within the preset open circuit potential threshold range, and then the external power supply is controlled to perform the second operation on the electrochromic device. Mode charging and discharging, so that the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is continuously within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • determining whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance includes:
  • the second charging and discharging module 340 includes:
  • the first charging and discharging module 320 includes:
  • the ambient temperature is detected; the first mode preset charge and discharge parameters are corrected according to the ambient temperature; the external power supply is controlled to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode to achieve the preset transmittance.
  • the first charging and discharging module 320 includes:
  • the current modifies the preset charging and discharging parameters in the first mode; controlling the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode to achieve the preset transmittance.
  • the method for judging that the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance includes: the number of charge and discharge charges of the electrochromic device reaches a preset value, and the electrochromic device The open circuit potential reaches the open circuit potential corresponding to the preset transmittance, the constant voltage or constant current output time of the electrochromic device reaches the preset time, or the output current of the electrochromic device is less than the preset cut-off current.
  • the preset conditions include: the number of charge and discharge charges of the electrochromic device reaches a preset value, the transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance range, and the output of the electrochromic device The time reaches the preset time or the current of the electrochromic device reaches the preset current.
  • the first mode charging and discharging or the second mode charging and discharging include: constant voltage charging and discharging, constant current charging and discharging, pulse charging and discharging, and/or sweeping charging and discharging.
  • This embodiment provides a control device for an electrochromic device, including: a judging module configured to determine whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance; and a first charging and discharging module configured to Control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode until the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance; the electric potential determination module is set to suspend the charge and discharge and continue Monitor whether the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is within the preset open circuit potential threshold range; the second charging and discharging module is set so that the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is not within the preset open circuit potential threshold range, then The external power supply is controlled to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the second mode, so that the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is continuously within the preset open circuit potential threshold range.
  • the control device of the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment of the application solves the related technology by judging whether the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device meets the preset requirement, and charging the electrochromic device through a variety of charging methods and judgment conditions.
  • the problem of inaccurate control and instability of electrochromic devices is achieved, and the uniform discoloration of the electrochromic devices and the improvement of the lifespan of the electrochromic devices are realized.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dimming device provided in Embodiment 4 of the application.
  • the dimming device 400 includes a memory 410 and a processor 420.
  • the number of processors 420 in the dimming device 400 may be For one or more, one processor 420 is taken as an example in FIG. 4; the memory 410 and the processor 420 in the device may be connected by a bus or other methods. In FIG. 4, the connection by a bus is taken as an example.
  • the memory 410 can be configured to store software programs, computer-executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the control method of the electrochromic device in the embodiments of the present application (for example, electrochromic device).
  • the processor 420 executes multiple functional applications and data processing of the device/terminal/device by running the software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 410, that is, realizes the control method of the electrochromic device described above.
  • the processor 420 is configured to run a computer program stored in the memory 410, and implements the following steps:
  • the computer program of the dimming device 400 provided in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the above method operation, and can also execute the control method of the electrochromic device provided in any embodiment of the present application. Related operations.
  • the memory 410 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area.
  • the program storage area may store an operating system and an application program required by at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the terminal, and the like.
  • the memory 410 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.
  • the memory 410 may include a memory remotely provided with respect to the processor 420, and these remote memories may be connected to the device/terminal/device through a network. Examples of the aforementioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
  • This embodiment provides a control device for an electrochromic device, which is set to execute: determine whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance; if the current transmittance of the electrochromic device If the transmission rate does not reach the preset transmittance, the external power supply is controlled to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode until the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance; If the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance, the charging and discharging are suspended, and the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is continuously monitored whether the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is within the preset open circuit potential threshold range; if the electrochromic device is within the preset open circuit potential threshold range; If the current open circuit potential of the color-changing device is not within the preset open-circuit potential threshold range, the external power supply is controlled to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the second mode, so that the current open-circuit potential of the electro
  • the fifth embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a computer processor, they are used to execute an electrochromic device control method, the method comprising:
  • a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer-executable instructions are not limited to the method operations described above, and can also execute the control method of an electrochromic device provided by any embodiment of the present application. Related operations in.
  • the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present application may adopt any combination of one or more computer-readable media.
  • the computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or device, or a combination of any of the above.
  • Examples of computer-readable storage media include: electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (Read- Only Memory, ROM, Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), optical storage Components, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and the program can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • the computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as a part of a carrier wave, and computer-readable program code is carried therein. This propagated data signal can take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • the computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-readable medium may send, propagate, or transmit the program for use by or in combination with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device .
  • the program code contained on the storage medium can be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wire, optical cable, radio frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • suitable medium including but not limited to wireless, wire, optical cable, radio frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • the computer program code used to perform the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages or a combination thereof.
  • the programming languages include object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and also conventional Procedural programming language-such as "C" language or similar programming language.
  • the program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, executed as an independent software package, partly on the user's computer and partly executed on a remote computer, or entirely executed on the remote computer or terminal.
  • the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network-including Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN)-or it can be connected to an external computer ( For example, use an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet).
  • LAN Local Area Network
  • WAN Wide Area Network
  • This embodiment provides a control storage medium for an electrochromic device, which is set to execute: determine whether the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches a preset transmittance; if the current transmittance of the electrochromic device If the overrate does not reach the preset transmittance, control the external power supply to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the first mode until the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance; if If the current transmittance of the electrochromic device reaches the preset transmittance, the charge and discharge are suspended, and the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is continuously monitored whether the current open circuit potential of the electrochromic device is within the preset open circuit potential threshold range; If the current open-circuit potential of the electrochromic device is not within the preset open-circuit potential threshold range, the external power supply is controlled to charge and discharge the electrochromic device in the second mode, so that the current open-circuit potential of the electrochromic device is continuously at the same level.
  • the preset open circuit potential threshold range The control storage medium of the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment of the present application solves the related problems by judging whether the open circuit potential of the electrochromic device meets the preset requirement, and charging the electrochromic device through a variety of charging methods and judgment conditions.
  • the technology can not precisely control the electrochromic device and the problem of instability, so as to realize the uniform discoloration of the electrochromic device and the improvement of the lifespan of the electrochromic device.

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Abstract

一种电致变色器件的控制方法、装置(300)、设备(400)及存储介质，电致变色器件的控制方法包括：判断电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；响应于电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，控制外部电源对电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率；响应于电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，暂停充放电，并持续监测电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；在电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内的情况下，控制外部电源对电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于预设开路电势阈值范围内。

Description

电致变色器件的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质
本申请要求在2019年12月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911305034.0的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电致变色器件技术领域，例如涉及一种电致变色器件的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质。
背景技术
电致变色器件需要通过外加电压或外加电流来实现控制器件中材料可逆的电化学氧化还原反应，从而得以调节器件的透过率或是反射率。在通常的运用中，常常使用恒压(使用一个特定的电压维持一定的时间)或恒流(使用一个特定的电流维持一定的时间)充放电来实现。这种简单的充放电形式会带来一系列的问题，如器件的变色不均匀，变色速度慢，循环寿命短等问题。
相关技术中，一般采用恒流充放电的方式，通过充电时监测器件中两点达到的感应电势或计算充放的总电荷数来控制控制器件的透过率。当感应电势达到设定值时，通过持续给器件加恒压的方法来维持器件感应电势不变来维持器件透过率不变。相关技术的缺点是必须要从器件中引出电极，来监控充放电时的感应电势，再由器件两极产生的反应电流监测计算反应电荷，由此来进行逻辑判定。再而，在加持续恒压的时候，透明导电电极上的电势分布不均匀，电源输入两极附近电势高，导致电源两极区域先变色，而由于透明导电电极内阻大，离电极较远位置的电势较低，不能使变色材料有足够的电压进行反应，表现为两极区域的透过率和中心区域的变色不一致，需要更长的等待时间才能使中心慢慢的达到所需透过率，而使整个电致变色器件的透过率趋于一致，此问题一般称为“虹膜效应”。为了使电致变色器件均匀变色，需要更大电压来驱动电致变色器件，从而使器件边缘区域的电势高于材料本身的稳定电势，导致器件边缘不稳定降解的情况，持续的恒压使器件不稳定性大大增加。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电致变色器件的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质，以实现电致变色器件均匀的变色和寿命的提高。
提供了一种电致变色器件的控制方法，包括：
判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；
响应于所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到所述预设透过率，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；
响应于所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率，暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；
在所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内的情况下，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
还提供了一种电致变色器件的控制装置，该装置包括：
判断模块，设置为判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；
第一充放电模块，设置为响应于所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到所述预设透过率，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；
电势确定模块，设置为响应于所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率，暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；
第二充放电模块，设置为在所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内的情况下，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
还提供了一种调光设备，所述设备包括：
一个或多个处理器；
存储装置，设置为存储一个或多个程序；
当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现上述的电致变色器件的控制方法。
还提供了一种存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括程序指令，该程序指令被处理器执行时实现上述的电致变色器件的控制方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例一提供的一种电致变色器件的控制方法的流程图；
图2为本申请实施例二提供的一种电致变色器件的控制方法的流程图；
图3是本申请实施例三提供的一种电致变色器件的控制装置的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例四提供的一种调光设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请进行说明。
在讨论示例性实施例之前应当提到的是，一些示例性实施例被描述成作为流程图描绘的处理或方法。虽然流程图将多个步骤描述成顺序的处理，但是其中的许多步骤可以被并行地、并发地或者同时实施。此外，多个步骤的顺序可以被重新安排。当其操作完成时处理可以被终止，但是还可以具有未包括在附图中的附加步骤。处理可以对应于方法、函数、规程、子例程、子程序等等。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等可在本文中用于描述多种方向、动作、步骤或元件等，但这些方向、动作、步骤或元件不受这些术语限制。这些术语仅用于将第一个方向、动作、步骤或元件与另一个方向、动作、步骤或元件区分。举例来说，在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以将第一模式称为第二模式，且类似地，可将第二模式称为第一模式。第一模式和第二模式两者都是模式，但其不是同一模式。术语“第一”、“第二”等不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有限定。
实施例一
图1为本申请实施例一提供的一种电致变色器件的控制方法的流程图，本实施例可适用于控制电致变色器件稳定透过率的情况，包括如下步骤：
步骤100、判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率。
本实施例中，电致变色器件可以设置为电致变色后视镜，电致变色智能窗，电致变色眼镜等等多种调光装置。电致变色器件一般通过外加电压或者电流控制电致变色器件中的材料产生可逆的电化学氧化还原，从而控制电阻变色器件的透过率改变。在一些情况下，电致变色器件可能由于一些因素造成当前透过率的改变，例如环境温度变化、器件使用时长等，导致电致变色器件的当前透过率不能达到预设透过率；或者在另一些情况下，预设透过率的值被调整时，导致电致变色器件的当前透过率不能达到预设透过率。因此，需要实时监测电致变色器件的当前透过率是否在预设透过率的范围内。
步骤110、若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率。
本实施例中，如果当前电致变色器件没有达到预设透过率，则需要控制外部电源对电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，控制其达到预设透过率。
所述第一模式充放电或第二模式充放电包括：恒压充放电、恒流充放电、脉冲充放电和/或扫速充放电。
脉冲充放电包括多个脉冲段和多个间歇段，多个脉冲段和多个间歇段间隔分布，每个脉冲段和每个间歇段的持续时间均较短，分别在0.001～20s内。在脉冲段，可以采用处于电化学稳定窗口内的常规电压，或采用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(例如，2-40V)，或采用常规电流(例如，常规电流小于1A/m 2)，或采用高电流(例如，1～100A/m 2)进行充放电；在间歇段时，可以暂时停止充放电，也可以采用与脉冲段反向的电压或电流进行充放电。
扫速充放电为在充电初始阶段，电致变色器件的分压逐步上升，直至上升到预设电压时，进行恒压充电。外部电源对电致变色器件进行扫速充放电，可以通过在电路中与电致变色器件串联一个固定电阻来实现，当电致变色器件为完全放电状态时，电致变色器件内阻可视为“0”，电路中固定电阻分担电路电压。随着充电过程的进行，电致变色器件内阻增加，其在电路的分压逐步上升，最终可将电致变色器件内阻视为“无穷大”，分担电路中所有电压，形成恒压充电。
在本实施例中，根据恒压充放电、恒流充放电、脉冲充放电和/或扫速充放电进行排列组合可以得到以下多种充放电形式以对电致变色器件进行充电，从而达到实现电致变色器件维持在特定的透过率的效果，并且电致变色器件的变色均匀，且使用寿命大大提高：恒压充放电、瞬时高电压和恒压充放电、瞬时高电流和恒压充放电、恒流充放电、瞬时高电压和恒流充放电、瞬时高电流和恒流充放电、正向恒压充放电-一定时间的断路或反向恒压充放电-恒压充放电循环、正向恒压充放电-一定时间的断路或反向恒流充放电-恒压充放电循环、正向恒流充放电-一定时间的断路或反向恒压充放电-恒流充放电、正向恒流充放电-一定时间的断路或反向恒流充放电-恒流充放电或扫速充放电。
本实施例中，所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率的判断方法包括：所述电致变色器件的充放电电荷数达到预设数值、所述电致变色器件的恒压或恒流输出时间达到预设时间或所述电致变色器件的输出电流小于预设截止电流。
本实施例中，通过当前透过率达到预设透过率的判断方法，可以准确判断 采用不同充放电模式对电致变色器件进行充电时，电致变色器件是否达到了预设透过率。
在本实施例中，通过电致变色器件的开路电势，判断是否需要通过恒流、恒压等多种充放电形式给电致变色器件充放电来维持一定透过率，准确实现调整电致变色器件透过率范围。(透过率由较高的状态调整至较低状态，或由较低透过率调整至较高透过率)电致变色逻辑控制板通过向电致变色器件输出正向或反向的电压或电流使其发生氧化还原反应，以改变电致变色器件透过率状态。其根据计算传输的电荷数或通过检测器件内部开路电势决定何时停止输出，以达到调节电致变色器件透过率范围的效果，同时保护器件，避免对器件过充过放。为了达到此目的，逻辑控制板需要有电压检测传感器检测器件开路电压开路电势。在收到调节器件透过率的指令后(变暗或变亮)，逻辑控制板向电致变色器件输入电压或电流，同时电流积分器对传输到电致变色器件的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，停止电压或电流输出。在一些情况下，当电致变色器件处于或假设处于规定要求的透过率范围时，停止电压或电流输出。在一些情况下，当电致变色器件达到规定开路电压开路电势等级或处于规定开路电势等级范围时，停止电压或电流输出。在一些情况下，当输出规定的恒压或恒流时间后，停止电源输出。为了保持电致变色器件处于规定透过率范围直到收到下次改变器件透过率范围的指令，在一些情况下，当传输的电荷数量达到要求阈值或器件开路电势达到设定阈值时，改为目标电压恒压输出，使电致变色器件始终维持在目标电压下以满足维持透过率状态的要求，直至再次给出调整器件透过率的指令。或者当传输的电荷数量达到要求阈值或器件开路电势达到设定阈值时停止电压或电流输出，同时电压传感器持续检测器件内部开路电势的变化，控制电致变色器件的当前开路电势维持在预设开路电势阈值范围内。一实施例中，当电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于电致变色器件的预设平衡电位时，当开路电势衰减达到设定的最小阈值时，重新给电致变色器件采用第二模式进行充电，直到器件的当前开路电势达到预设开路电势阈值上限时停止电压或电流输出，重复此步骤，直至再次得到调整透过率的指令；或当电致变色器件的当前开路电势低于电致变色器件的预设平衡电位时，若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于预设开路电势阈值范围上限，则采用第二模式进行放电，直至当前开路电势低于预设开路电势阈值下限时，则停止放电，重复此步骤，直至再次得到调整透过率的指令。
以下为多种充放电模式中每种充放电模式的判断及实现过程：
恒压充放电模式：外部电源对电致变色器件进行恒压充放电，1a、在一些情况下，通过积分器对电致变色器件在恒压下产生的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。1b、在一 些情况下，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。1c、在一些情况下，当输出规定的时长T n后(e.g.0.01s≤T n≤1000s)，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。1d、在一些情况下，在输出规定的时长后，检测电流，当器件电流达到预设截止电流I t的设定值或范围时(例如，0.1A/m 2≤I t≤10A/m 2)，则停止电源充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一项或任意多项1a-1d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。
恒流充放电模式：外部电源对电致变色器件进行恒流充放电，4a、在一些情况下，通过积分器对电源对电致变色器件输入的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。4b、在一些情况下，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。4c、在一些情况下，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。4d、在一些情况下，在输出规定的时长后，检测电压，当器件电压达到恒压充放电截止电流I t的设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一项或任意多项4a-4d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止电源充放电。
以下结合充放电模式阐述本申请的可以使得电致变色器件快速变色的效果以及理论依据。对于一般无机电致变色器件来说，为了避免器件损坏和延长器件寿命，通常施加较小的输入电压或电流，所以器件变色速度较慢。对于大尺寸器件来说，变色时间更是长达30分钟。为了改善电致变色器件产品变色速度，对于类超级电容电致变色器件来说，充电电压或充电电流可以短时间内高于电化学窗口电压，即使用脉冲充电的方式，短时间内充入大量电荷，使器件透过率在短时间内发生快速变化。这得益于类超级电容电致变色器件电化学一般由双电子层电容和法拉第赝电容组成。赝电容的特点是被吸附的离子不会与电极上的原子发生电化学反应(氧化还原反应)，而是发生电荷转移。溶液中的离子通过物理吸附的方式靠在电极表面，不产生也不断裂化学键。这个过程是可逆且非常迅速的。通过短时间使用高电压脉冲充电的方式作用于电致变色器件，虽然输入电压高于电化学稳定窗口，但电致变色材料短时间内不会有不可逆负反应发生，同时因为电荷转移的作用，器件内部的开路电势得以升高，器件整体透过率在短时间内有较大改变，以此可以在避免损坏电致变色器件的前提下，实现电致变色器件的快速变色。
示例性的，可以采用以下几种脉冲充放电和恒压/恒流充放电结合的充放电模式，实现前述避免损坏电致变色器件的同时，实现电致变色器件的快速变色的效果。
瞬时高电压和恒压充放电模式：外部电源对电致变色器件进行瞬时高电压和恒压充放电，其中，瞬时高电压为在短时间(0.001-20s内)施加的高于电致变色器件的电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)，2a、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)对器件进行恒压充放电，后对电致变色器件施加处于电化学稳定窗口内的电压进行恒压V f(<2.0V)充放电，通过积分器对电致变色器件在加压过程中产生的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。2b、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)对器件进行恒压充放电，后对电致变色器件施加处于电化学稳定窗口内的电压进行恒压V f(<2.0V)充放电，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。2c、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)对器件进行恒压充放电，后对电致变色器件施加处于电化学稳定窗口内的电压进行恒压V f(<2.0V)充放电，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。2d、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)对器件进行恒压充放电，后对电致变色器件施加处于电化学稳定窗口内的电压进行恒压V f(<2.0V)充放电，当输出规定的时长后，检测电流，当器件电流达到预设截止电流I t的设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一项或任意多项2a-2d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止电源充放电。
瞬时高电流和恒压充放电模式：外部电源对电致变色器件进行瞬时高电流和恒压充放电，3a、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高电流(e.g.1-100A/m 2)对器件进行恒流充放电，后对电致变色器件施加处于电化学稳定窗口内的电压进行恒压(<2.0V)充放电，通过积分器对电致变色器件在加压过程中产生的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。3d、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高电流(e.g.1-100A/m 2)对器件进行恒流充放电，后对电致变色器件施加处于电化学稳定窗口内的电压进行恒压(<2.0V)充放电，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。3c、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高电流(e.g.1-100A/m2)对器件进行恒流充放电，后对电致变色器件施加处于电化学稳定窗口内的电压进行恒压(<2.0V)充放电，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。3d、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高电流(e.g.1-100A/m2)对器件进行恒流充放电，后对电致变色器件施加处于电化学稳定窗口内的电压进行恒压(<2.0V)充放电，当输出规定的时长后，检测电流，当器件电流达到恒 压充放电截止电流I t的设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一项或任意多项3a-3d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止电源充放电。
瞬时高电压和恒流充放电模式，其中，瞬时高电压为在短时间(0.001-20s内)施加的高于电致变色器件的电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)：外部电源对电致变色器件进行瞬时高电压和恒流充放电，5a、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)对器件进行恒压充放电，后对电致变色器件施加恒流充放电，通过积分器对电源对电致变色器件输入的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。5b、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)对器件进行恒压充放电，后对电致变色器件施加恒流充放电，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。5c、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)对器件进行恒压充放电，后对电致变色器件施加恒流充放电，当输出规定的时长后(T4)，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。5d、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高于电化学稳定窗口的高电压(e.g.2-40V)对器件进行恒压充放电，后对电致变色器件施加恒流充放电，在输出规定的时长后，检测电压，当器件电压达到设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一项或任意多项5a-5d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止电源充放电。
瞬时高电流和恒流充放电模式：外部电源对电致变色器件进行瞬时高电流和恒流充放电，6a、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高电流(e.g.1-100A/m 2)对器件进行恒流充放电，后对电致变色器件施加常规电流(e.g.0.01-1A/m 2)恒流充放电，通过积分器对电源对电致变色器件输入的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。6b、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高电流(e.g.1-100A/m 2)对器件进行恒流充放电，后对电致变色器件施加低电流(e.g.0.01-1A/m 2)恒流充放电，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。6c、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高电流(e.g.1-100A/m 2)对器件进行恒流充放电，后对电致变色器件施加低电流(e.g.0.01-1A/m 2)恒流充放电，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。6d、在一些情况下，在短时间内(0.001-20s内)，使用高电流(e.g.1-100A/m 2)对器件进行恒流充放电，后对电致变色器件施加低电流(e.g.0.01-1A/m 2)恒流充放电，在输出规定的时长后，检测电压，当器件电压达到预设截止电压的设 定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一项或任意多项6a-6d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。
以下结合充放电模式阐述本申请的可以使得电致变色器件快速均匀变色的效果以及理论依据。电致变色器件一般由两层透明导电层，电致变色材料层，离子存储层和中间电解质组成的“三明治”结构构成。对于尺寸较小的电致变色器件来说，(例如防眩目后视镜)整个变色过程通常可以实现较快速和均匀变色的效果。对于大尺寸电致变色器件，(例如电致变色智能窗)由于其容量较大，并且电极分布往往较远，经常需要长时间大电流充电使其透过率达到设定范围。而因为电致变色器件内部电压分布不均匀，电极两端电势差过大，导致其电极区域电致变色材料最先变色，以此和中心区域透过率不一致产生变色趋势，被称为“虹膜效应”。随着电致变色器件内部电势差减少，整个器件透过率逐渐趋于一致。在电致变色器件充电过程中，为了加快变色速度，往往使用大电流进行快充，但因为不同电致变色材料电流可接收程度不同，长时间使用大电流对电致变色器件进行充电将很快达到最大电压阈值，并且在两极附近的电致变色材料极易在过高电压下发生过度氧化不可逆反应导致器件损坏。因而使用恒压充电成为了比较安全的一种充电方式。但因电致变色器件在电化学反应过程中(充电或放电)总是受到其电化学所产生的极化效应的影响，主要极化表现为电化学极化，浓差极化和欧姆极化等。由于极化效应的存在，电致变色器件本身固有的可接受充放电电流按照一定形式衰减，使得器件无法接受长时间大电流充电，从而表现为充电速度减慢。在电致变色器件充电(氧化)过程中如果暂停外部电源输出，器件两极区域电致变色材料将会有一定程度的还原，这是因为当外加电场消失后，器件内部电势重新分布，两极和中心区域电势差消失，进而透过率也保持一致，但器件整体透过率随着充入的电荷增加而变高。可见，在电致变色器件充电过程中适当的停充或加入大电流放电，或在电致变色器件放电过程中适当的停充或加入大电流充电，可以使整个充电速度得到改善。
示例性的，可以采用以下几种脉冲充放电和恒压/恒流充放电结合的充放电模式，实现前述避免损坏电致变色器件的同时，实现电致变色器件的快速均匀变色的效果。
正向恒压充放电-一定时间的断路或反向恒压充放电-恒压充放电循环模式：在本充放电模式中，外部电源对电致变色器件采用脉冲充放电和恒压充放电结合的模式进行充放电，其中，脉冲充放电包括多个脉冲段和多个间歇段，其中，脉冲段采用正向恒压充放电，间歇段采用一定时间的断路或反向恒压充放电。7a、在一些情况下，通过积分器对电致变色器件在恒压下产生的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。 7b、在一些情况下，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。7c、在一些情况下，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。7d、在一些情况下，在输出规定的时长后，检测电流，当器件电流达到预设截止电流的设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一样或任意多项7a-7d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止电源充放电。
正向恒压充放电-一定时间的断路或反向恒流充放电-恒压充放电循环模式：在本充放电模式中，外部电源对电致变色器件采用脉冲充放电和恒压充放电结合的模式进行充放电，其中，脉冲充放电包括多个脉冲段和多个间歇段，其中，脉冲段采用正向恒压充放电，间歇段采用一定时间的断路或反向恒流充放电。8a、在一些情况下，通过积分器对电致变色器件在恒压下产生的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。8b、在一些情况下，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。8c、在一些情况下，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。8d、在一些情况下，在输出规定的时长后，检测电流，当器件电流达到预设截止电流的设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一样或任意多项8a-8d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止电源充放电。
正向恒流充放电-一定时间的断路或反向恒压充放电-恒流充放电循环模式：在本充放电模式中，外部电源对电致变色器件采用脉冲充放电和恒流充放电结合的模式进行充放电，其中，脉冲充放电包括多个脉冲段和多个间歇段，其中，脉冲段采用正向恒流充放电，间歇段采用一定时间的断路或反向恒压充放电。9a、在一些情况下，通过积分器对电源对电致变色器件输入的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。9b、在一些情况下，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。9c、在一些情况下，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。9d、在一些情况下，在输出规定的时长后，检测电压，当器件电压达到预设截止电压的设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一样或任意多项9a-9d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止电源充放电。
正向恒流充放电-一定时间的断路或反向恒流充放电-恒流充放电循环模式：在本充放电模式中，外部电源对电致变色器件采用脉冲充放电和恒流充放电结合的模式进行充放电，其中，脉冲充放电包括多个脉冲段和多个间歇段，其中，脉冲段采用正向恒流充放电，间歇段采用一定时间的断路或反向恒流充放电。10a、在一些情况下，通过积分器对电源对电致变色器件输入的电流进行检测并 计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。10b、在一些情况下，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。10c、在一些情况下，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。10d、在一些情况下，在输出规定的时长后，检测电压，当器件电压达到设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。在一些情况下，同时进行多项检测，当上述一样或任意多项10a-10d中的指标同时达到设定值时，则停止电源充放电。
以下结合充放电模式阐述本申请的可以使得电致变色器件均匀变色的效果和理论依据。
扫速充放电模式：外部电源对电致变色器件进行扫速充放电，通过在电路中与电致变色器件串联一个固定电阻来实现，当电致变色器件为完全放电状态时，电致变色器件内阻可视为“0”，电路中固定电阻分担电路电压。随着充电过程的进行，电致变色器件内阻逐步增加，其在电路中的分压逐步上升，最终可将电致变色器件内阻视为“无穷大”，分担电路中的所有电压，形成恒压充电。通过使用扫速充放电，电致变色器件内部电势能够逐步平衡上升，消除了两极附近电势差异，达到了均匀变色的效果。11a、在一些情况下，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。11b、在一些情况下，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。11c、在一些情况下，当器件电压达到预设截止电压的设定值时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。11d、在一些情况下，同时进行11a-11d的多项检测，当上述多项指标同时达到设定值时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。11e、在一些情况下，当器件电压达到设定值时，转为一定电压的恒压充放电，当输出规定的时长后，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。11f、在一些情况下，当器件电压达到设定值时，转为一定电压的恒压充放电，当电致变色器件达到规定要求的透过率范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。11g、在一些情况下，当器件电压达到设定值时，转为一定电压的恒压充放电，通过积分器对电致变色器件在线性变压和恒压下产生的电流进行检测并计算电荷数，当数值满足设定的电荷数时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。11h、在一些情况下，当器件电压达到设定值时，转为一定电压的恒压充放电，在输出规定的时长后，检测电流，当器件电流达到设定值或范围时，则停止对电致变色器件的充放电。
步骤120、若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，则暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内。
本实施例中，如果电致变色器件达到了预设透过率范围，则暂停充放电， 并持续监测电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内。
步骤130、若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
本实施例中，步骤130包括步骤131和步骤132：
步骤131、若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于所述电致变色器件的预设平衡电位，则持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势，若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于预设开路电势阈值范围上限，则停止充电；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势低于预设开路电势阈值范围下限，则采用第二模式进行充电，直至当前开路电势达到预设开路电势阈值上限。
步骤132、若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势低于所述电致变色器件的预设平衡电位，则持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势，若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势低于预设开路电势阈值范围下限，则停止放电；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于预设开路电势阈值范围上限，则采用第二模式进行放电，直至当前开路电势达到预设开路电势阈值下限。
本实施例中，首先需要确定电致变色器件属于充电过程还是放电过程，根据充电或放电的过程不同，判断是否需要继续充放电的条件也不相同。电致变色器件的预设平衡电位也称可逆电位，指的是电极的正向反应和反向反应相等，亦即正逆过程的物质迁移和电荷运送速度都一致，此时通过电极的电流等于零或者电流无限小。预设平衡电位的值与电致变色器件所选用的电致变色层，离子存储层和选用电解质的材料有关。本实施例通过上述步骤131或130，可以使得电致变色器件的开路电势持续处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，从而使得电致变色器件维持在预设透过率。这样在透过率维持阶段，无需长期对电致变色器件保持恒压充电，而是在当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围后，才对电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，从而实现电致变色器件维持在特定的透过率，或任何中间状态的透过率以及不同透过率范围之间的循环，减少长时间恒流恒压充放电对器件造成的损害。
在预设透过率维持阶段，有关第二模式充放电的充放电模式举例和效果描述参见第一模式充放电的介绍，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供了一种电致变色器件的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质，该方法包括：判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到 所述预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，则暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。本申请实施例提供的一种电致变色器件的控制方法，通过判断电致变色器件的开路电势是否达到预设要求，通过多种充电方式和判断条件对电致变色器件充电，解决了相关技术对电致变色器件无法精确控制和不稳定的问题，实现电致变色器件均匀的变色和寿命的提高。
实施例二
图2为本申请实施例二提供的一种电致变色器件的控制方法的流程图，本实施例可适用于控制电致变色器件稳定透过率的情况，包括如下步骤：
步骤200、当检测到调整指令时，判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率，所述调整指令在所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率时和/或符合其他预设条件时生成。
在本实施例中，其他预设条件包括以下条件中的一种或多种的组合：当温度变化超过预设温差范围时；电致变色器件断电重启时；当接收到用户输入的调整透过率的信息时；当电致变色器件的当前透过率与预设透过率的差值大于预设透过率差值范围时；距离上一次调整达到预设时间；当太阳光强度以及用户所处位置一年四季温差及光强改变时。
步骤210、若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，则检测环境温度、所述电致变色器件的充放电循环圈数、所述电致变色器件的使用时间、所述电致变色器件充放电后的开路电势或所述电致变色器件充放电过程中的峰值电流。
本实施例中，为了实现对电致变色器件的透过率的精准调节，对器件的环境温度、器件的使用时间、循环圈数、一个固定电压时间段内的器件峰值电流，以及充放电时间后器件的开路电势进行检测，通过检测上述多个参数对第一模式的预设充放电参数进行调节。
步骤220、根据所述环境温度、所述电致变色器件的充放电循环圈数、所述电致变色器件的使用时间、所述电致变色器件充放电后的开路电势或所述电致变色器件充放电过程中的峰值电流修正第一模式预设充放电参数。
本实施例中，电致变色器件在温度和使用寿命的改变下自身性能会发生变 化。示例性的，电致变色器件在高温下更容易发生由过度氧化反应而带来的器件性能衰减或损坏。为了防止这种情况的发生，逻辑控制板能够收集外部温度传感器的实时数据，并以此来判断器件所处的外部环境，并在收到调整透过率范围的指令后，根据内部算法适当减小设定传输电荷的数值，或缩短恒压，恒流充电的时间。逻辑控制板能够根据外部温度的数值自动调整设定透过率范围、开路电势的最高和最低阈值，以此来避免器件在高温下发生过度氧化所产生的衰减或损坏。在一些情况下，逻辑控制板通过检测在一个特定电压下充电或放电电流的大小判断器件的外部环境，并在收到调整透过率范围的指令后，根据内部算法适当减小设定传输电荷的数值，或缩短恒压，恒流充电的时间并且自动调整设定透过率范围、开路电势的最高和最低阈值，以此来避免器件在高温下发生过度氧化所产生的衰减或损坏。示例性的，电致变色器件一般通过锂离子在电解质和电致变色材料之间的移动来实现变色功能。当给电致变色器件施加正向电压时驱动锂离子从离子导体/电解质内移动嵌入到电致变色材料内。同时，补偿电荷将从对电极内脱出，该电荷补偿电子将从外部电路流入并嵌入电致变色材料内保持电荷中性。随着循环使用时间的增加，在器件寿命的后期，由于法拉第电荷损耗的累积，离子在电致变色材料嵌入和脱出的过程将变得更加困难，这时需要通过提高输出的电压或电流来达到调节透过率范围的要求。逻辑控制板能通过检测在一个特定电压下充电或放电峰值电流的大小以及充放电后器件开路电势数值来判断器件的性能表现，当其检测电流或器件充放电后开路电势小于一个设定阈值时，逻辑控制板需要根据器件使用时间和循环圈数等内置算法对电致变色器件输出电压或电流值进行修改或更改输出时间，以保证调节设定透过率范围的要求。电致变色器件容量和面积，透过率和开路电势有着密切联系，逻辑控制板通过自动识别不同电致变色器件尺寸大小，依据相应的逻辑控制算法并结合器件运行环境进行电压或电流的输出，以此来保证在电致变色器件规定寿命内满足快速均匀地调节器件透过率的功能。
步骤230、控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电以达到预设透过率。
本实施例中，当电致变色器件达到预设透过率，则进入对透过率的维持阶段。
步骤240、若电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，则暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内。
步骤250、若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述 电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
本申请实施例提供了一种电致变色器件的控制方法，该方法包括：当检测到调整指令时，判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率，所述调整指令在所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率时和/或符合其他预设条件时生成；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，则检测环境温度、所述电致变色器件的充放电循环圈数、所述电致变色器件的使用时间、所述电致变色器件充放电后的开路电势或所述电致变色器件充放电过程中的峰值电流；根据所述环境温度、所述电致变色器件的充放电循环圈数、所述电致变色器件的使用时间、所述电致变色器件充放电后的开路电势或所述电致变色器件充放电过程中的峰值电流修正第一模式预设充放电参数；控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电以达到预设透过率；若电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，则暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。本申请实施例提供的一种电致变色器件的控制方法，通过判断电致变色器件的开路电势是否达到预设要求，通过多种充电方式和判断条件对电致变色器件充电，解决了相关技术对电致变色器件无法精确控制和不稳定的问题，实现电致变色器件均匀的变色和寿命的提高。
实施例三
本申请实施例所提供的用于电致变色器件的控制装置可执行本申请任意实施例所提供的电致变色器件的控制方法，具备执行方法相应的功能模块和效果。图3是本申请实施例三提供的一种电致变色器件的控制装置300的结构示意图。参照图3，本申请实施例提供的电致变色器件的控制装置300可以包括：
判断模块310，设置为判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；第一充放电模块320，设置为控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；电势确定模块330，设置为暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；第二充放电模块340，设置为所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
可选的，判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率包括：
当检测到调整指令时，判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率，所述调整指令在所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率时和/或符合其他预设条件时生成。
可选的，所述第二充放电模块340包括：
判断所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否高于所述电致变色器件的预设平衡电位；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于所述电致变色器件的预设平衡电位，则持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势，若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于预设开路电势阈值范围上限，则停止充电；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势低于预设开路电势阈值范围下限，则采用第二模式进行充电，直至当前开路电势达到预设开路电势阈值上限；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不高于所述电致变色器件的预设平衡电位，则持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势，若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势低于预设开路电势阈值范围下限，则停止放电；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于预设开路电势阈值范围上限，则采用第二模式进行放电，直至当前开路电势达到预设开路电势阈值下限。
可选的，所述第一充放电模块320包括：
检测环境温度；根据所述环境温度修正第一模式预设充放电参数；控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电以达到预设透过率。
可选的，所述第一充放电模块320包括：
检测所述电致变色器件的充放电循环圈数、所述电致变色器件的使用时间、所述电致变色器件充放电后的开路电势或所述电致变色器件充放电过程中的峰值电流；根据所述电致变色器件的充放电循环圈数、所述电致变色器件的使用时间、所述电致变色器件充放电后的开路电势或所述电致变色器件充放电过程中的峰值电流修正第一模式预设充放电参数；控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电以达到预设透过率。
可选的，所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率的判断方法包括：所述电致变色器件的充放电电荷数达到预设数值、所述电致变色器件的开路电势达到所述预设透过率对应的开路电势、所述电致变色器件的恒压或恒流输出时间达到预设时间或所述电致变色器件的输出电流小于预设截止电流。
可选的，所述预设条件包括：所述电致变色器件充放电电荷数达到预设数值、所述电致变色器件透过率达到预设透过率范围、所述电致变色器件输出时间达到预设时间或所述电致变色器件的电流达到预设电流。
可选的，所述第一模式充放电或第二模式充放电包括：恒压充放电、恒流 充放电、脉冲充放电和/或扫速充放电。
本实施例提供了一种电致变色器件的控制装置，包括：判断模块，设置为判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；第一充放电模块，设置为控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；电势确定模块，设置为暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；第二充放电模块，设置为所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。本申请实施例提供的一种电致变色器件的控制装置，通过判断电致变色器件的开路电势是否达到预设要求，通过多种充电方式和判断条件对电致变色器件充电，解决了相关技术对电致变色器件无法精确控制和不稳定的问题，实现电致变色器件均匀的变色和寿命的提高。
实施例四
图4为本申请实施例四提供的一种调光设备的结构示意图，如图4所示，该调光设备400包括存储器410、处理器420，调光设备400中处理器420的数量可以是一个或多个，图4中以一个处理器420为例；设备中的存储器410、处理器420可以通过总线或其他方式连接，图4中以通过总线连接为例。
存储器410作为一种计算机可读存储介质，可设置为存储软件程序、计算机可执行程序以及模块，如本申请实施例中的电致变色器件的控制方法对应的程序指令/模块(例如，电致变色器件的控制装置中的判断模块310、第一充放电模块320、电势确定模块330、第二充放电模块340)。处理器420通过运行存储在存储器410中的软件程序、指令以及模块，从而执行设备/终端/设备的多种功能应用以及数据处理，即实现上述的电致变色器件的控制方法。
处理器420设置为运行存储在存储器410中的计算机程序，实现如下步骤：
判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，则暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件 的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
在一个实施例中，本申请实施例所提供的一种调光设备400，其计算机程序不限于如上的方法操作，还可以执行本申请任意实施例所提供的电致变色器件的控制方法中的相关操作。
存储器410可主要包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序；存储数据区可存储根据终端的使用所创建的数据等。此外，存储器410可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他非易失性固态存储器件。在一些实例中，存储器410可包括相对于处理器420远程设置的存储器，这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至设备/终端/设备。上述网络的实例包括但不限于互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。
本实施例提供了一种电致变色器件的控制设备，设置为执行：判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，则暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。通过判断电致变色器件的开路电势是否达到预设要求，通过多种充电方式和判断条件对电致变色器件充电，解决了相关技术对电致变色器件无法精确控制和不稳定的问题，实现电致变色器件均匀的变色和寿命的提高。
实施例五
本申请实施例五还提供一种包含计算机可执行指令的存储介质，所述计算机可执行指令在由计算机处理器执行时用于执行一种电致变色器件的控制方法，该方法包括：
判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，则暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内； 若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
本申请实施例所提供的一种包含计算机可执行指令的存储介质，其计算机可执行指令不限于如上所述的方法操作，还可以执行本申请任意实施例所提供的电致变色器件的控制方法中的相关操作。
本申请实施例的计算机可读存储介质，可以采用一个或多个计算机可读的介质的任意组合。计算机可读介质可以是计算机可读信号介质或者计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质例如可以是——但不限于——电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、装置或器件，或者任意以上的组合。计算机可读存储介质的例子(非穷举的列表)包括：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式计算机磁盘、硬盘、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑磁盘只读存储器(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。在本文件中，计算机可读存储介质可以是任何包含或存储程序的有形介质，该程序可以被指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用。
计算机可读的信号介质可以包括在基带中或者作为载波一部分传播的数据信号，其中承载了计算机可读的程序代码。这种传播的数据信号可以采用多种形式，包括但不限于电磁信号、光信号或上述的任意合适的组合。计算机可读的信号介质还可以是计算机可读存储介质以外的任何计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质可以发送、传播或者传输用于由指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用的程序。
存储介质上包含的程序代码可以用任何适当的介质传输，包括——但不限于无线、电线、光缆、射频(Radio Frequency，RF)等等，或者上述的任意合适的组合。
可以以一种或多种程序设计语言或其组合来编写用于执行本申请操作的计算机程序代码，所述程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言—诸如Java、Smalltalk、C++，还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言—诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算机上执行、部分地在用户计算机上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算机上部分在远程计算机上执行、或者完全在远程计算机或终端上执行。在涉及远程计算机的情形中，远程计算机可以通过任意种类的网络——包括局域网(Local Area Network，LAN) 或广域网(Wide Area Network，WAN)—连接到用户计算机，或者，可以连接到外部计算机(例如利用因特网服务提供商来通过因特网连接)。
本实施例提供了一种电致变色器件的控制存储介质，设置为执行：判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到预设透过率，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；若所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到预设透过率，则暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；若所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于预设开路电势阈值范围内，则控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。本申请实施例提供的一种电致变色器件的控制存储介质，通过判断电致变色器件的开路电势是否达到预设要求，通过多种充电方式和判断条件对电致变色器件充电，解决了相关技术对电致变色器件无法精确控制和不稳定的问题，实现电致变色器件均匀的变色和寿命的提高。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电致变色器件的控制方法，包括：
    判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；
    响应于所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到所述预设透过率，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；
    响应于所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率，暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；
    在所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内的情况下，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
  2. 根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其中，所述判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率，包括：
    在检测到调整指令的情况下，判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到所述预设透过率，其中，所述调整指令在以下至少之一的情况下生成：所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；符合预设条件。
  3. 根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其中，所述在所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内的情况下，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内，包括：
    判断所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否高于所述电致变色器件的预设平衡电位；
    响应于所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于所述预设平衡电位，持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势；在监测到的所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于所述预设开路电势阈值范围的上限的情况下，停止充电；在监测到的所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势低于所述预设开路电势阈值范围的下限的情况下，采用所述第二模式进行充电，直至所述当前开路电势达到所述预设开路电势阈值的上限；
    响应于所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不高于所述预设平衡电位，持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势；在监测到的所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势低于所述预设开路电势阈值范围的下限的情况下，停止放电；在监测到的所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势高于所述预设开路电势阈值范围的上限 的情况下，采用所述第二模式进行放电，直至所述当前开路电势达到所述预设开路电势阈值的下限。
  4. 根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其中，所述控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率，包括：
    检测环境温度；
    根据所述环境温度修正第一模式预设充放电参数；
    根据修正后的第一模式预设充放电参数，控制所述外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行所述第一模式充放电以达到所述预设透过率。
  5. 根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其中，所述控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率包括：
    检测所述电致变色器件的充放电循环圈数、所述电致变色器件的使用时间、所述电致变色器件充放电后的开路电势或所述电致变色器件充放电过程中的峰值电流；
    根据检测到的所述电致变色器件的充放电循环圈数、所述电致变色器件的使用时间、所述电致变色器件充放电后的开路电势或所述电致变色器件充放电过程中的峰值电流修正第一模式预设充放电参数；
    根据修正后的第一模式预设充放电参数，控制所述外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行所述第一模式充放电以达到所述预设透过率。
  6. 根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其中，所述判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率，包括以下之一：
    判断所述电致变色器件的充放电电荷数是否达到预设数值；
    判断所述电致变色器件的开路电势是否达到所述预设透过率对应的开路电势；
    判断所述电致变色器件的恒压或恒流输出时间是否达到预设时间；
    判断所述电致变色器件的输出电流是否小于预设截止电流。
  7. 根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其中，所述第一模式充放电或所述第二模式充放电包括以下至少之一：恒压充放电、恒流充放电、脉冲充放电、扫速充放电。
  8. 一种电致变色器件的控制装置，包括：
    判断模块，设置为判断所述电致变色器件的当前透过率是否达到预设透过率；
    第一充放电模块，设置为响应于所述电致变色器件的当前透过率未达到所述预设透过率，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第一模式充放电，直至所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率；
    电势确定模块，设置为响应于所述电致变色器件的当前透过率达到所述预设透过率，暂停充放电，并持续监测所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势是否处于预设开路电势阈值范围内；
    第二充放电模块，设置为在所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势不处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内的情况下，控制外部电源对所述电致变色器件进行第二模式充放电，以使得所述电致变色器件的当前开路电势持续处于所述预设开路电势阈值范围内。
  9. 一种调光设备，包括：
    至少一个处理器；
    存储装置，设置为存储至少一个程序；
    当所述至少一个程序被所述至少一个处理器执行，使得所述至少一个处理器实现如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电致变色器件的控制方法。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括程序指令，其中，所述程序指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电致变色器件的控制方法。
PCT/CN2020/135999 2019-12-17 2020-12-14 电致变色器件的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质 WO2021121171A1 (zh)

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