WO2021120502A1 - 自定心刀架的切割装置 - Google Patents

自定心刀架的切割装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021120502A1
WO2021120502A1 PCT/CN2020/088890 CN2020088890W WO2021120502A1 WO 2021120502 A1 WO2021120502 A1 WO 2021120502A1 CN 2020088890 W CN2020088890 W CN 2020088890W WO 2021120502 A1 WO2021120502 A1 WO 2021120502A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting device
self
elongated handle
central axis
centering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/088890
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苗祥
秦鹏程
Original Assignee
苏州五元素机械制造有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州五元素机械制造有限公司 filed Critical 苏州五元素机械制造有限公司
Priority to DE112020000315.9T priority Critical patent/DE112020000315T5/de
Publication of WO2021120502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021120502A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E01C23/122—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E01C23/122—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
    • E01C23/127—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus rotary, e.g. rotary hammers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
    • E21C35/191—Means for fixing picks or holders for fixing holders

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of cutting tools, and in particular relates to a cutting device of a self-centering tool holder.
  • a cold milling machine sometimes called a road shredder or a road turning machine, is a machine that usually includes a frame supported on all sides by a crawler or wheel drive unit.
  • the frame is used to mount the engine, operator station and milling drum.
  • the milling drum equipped with cutting tools is rotated by the engine through a suitable interconnection to break the surface of the road.
  • This type of machine is usually a machine with a driven work roll that can rotate around a horizontal axis, on which a number of ground processing tools, especially cutting blocks or chisels, and especially round bar chisels, are arranged .
  • the milling drum rotates quickly and continuously to cut off the damaged ground.
  • several replaceable supports installed on the milling drum regularly and successively bear the working conditions of high frequency, high impact force and strong vibration. Under such harsh working conditions, the combination of the replaceable support and the base is prone to change, such as misalignment, looseness, separation, and so on.
  • the degree of freedom of the assembly and positioning of the replaceable support with the base is variable and unstable, which greatly affects the quality of road construction, and the construction works need to be interrupted. Used to repair or reassemble missing replaceable supports.
  • the main component parts of the replaceable support system include the replaceable support of the base part connected with the base part and equipped with processing tools.
  • the replaceable support can be formed integrally with the processing tool, or it can also have a suitable tool accommodating part configured to accommodate tools for ground processing, such as chisel, in particular For round bar chisels, the base member is firmly fixed, for example, to the cylindrical outer surface of the supporting roll, especially by welding the base member to the roller body.
  • the base part thus constitutes the connecting element of the replaceable support system and the roll base.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutting device with a self-centering tool holder.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutting device capable of independently generating a fastening force during use, which greatly prolongs the service life of the whole machine.
  • the present invention discloses a self-centering knife holder cutting device for ground processing machines.
  • the cutting device 1 includes a knife holder 2 and a base 3.
  • the knife holder 2 has a main body 210.
  • a tool mounting portion 22 is provided in the processing side area of the upper part of the main body 210, and an elongated handle 202 is provided on the side of the fixed portion of the lower part of the main body 210, and the elongated handle 202 is at least partially connected to the pressing surface 28 on the lower side of the main body 210
  • the elongated handle 202 has a supporting surface 203 and a central axis L, and the surface element line 206 of the supporting surface 203 has an angle a around the central axis L.
  • the upper end surface of the base 3 is provided with a receiving portion 30, which is a concave surface adapted to the shape of the elongated handle 202; the tool holder 2 is installed in the receiving portion 30 of the base 3 by means of the elongated handle 202 .
  • the accommodating part 30 and the elongated handle 202 are coaxially arranged, so that the tool holder 2 can be rotated by the accommodating part 30 of the base 3.
  • the angle a is an acute angle, and the angle a is preferably 5°-15°.
  • the elongated handle 202 has a semi-conical shape gradually decreasing in diameter from top to bottom.
  • the ratio of the top diameter x to the bottom diameter y of the elongated handle 202 is 1.1-2.
  • the diameter x is 50-60 mm, and the diameter y is 35-45 mm.
  • the tool mounting portion 22 of the tool holder 2 has a central axis L0, and the central axis L and the central axis L0 are distributed in a virtual plane M, which is the symmetry plane of the tool holder 2.
  • At least one recessed detachment part 23 is processed on the edge of the pressing surface 28 as a spare part for detaching the tool holder 2.
  • the knife holder is installed in the accommodating part of the base body by means of an elongated handle, and the knife holder can independently generate a fastening force, thereby fixing the knife holder and the base body together, so that the whole The reliability and service life of the cutting device are greatly increased, and the production cost is saved at the same time.
  • Figure 1 is an overall view of the left side rear of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the left side rear of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a right front exploded view of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a bottom perspective view of the left rear side of the knife holder of the cutting device of the quick-change knife holder of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a left side front view of the knife holder of the cutting device of the quick-change knife holder of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a bottom front view of the tool holder of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a front side view of the tool holder of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention, which is cut according to the midpoint plane M of FIG. 6;
  • Figure 8 is a top front view of the base of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a front side view of the base body of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention, which is sectioned according to the midpoint plane M1 of Fig. 8;
  • Figure 10 is a front overall view of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a front side view of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention, cut along A-A in Figure 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a front side view of the cutting device of the quick-change tool holder of the present invention, which is cut according to D-D in Fig. 10 and does not contain parts 4 and 5;
  • Fig. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view and a front view of the fastening member of the cutting device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cutting device 1 composed of a base 3, a knife holder 2, a locking member 4 and a fastening member 5.
  • the knife holder 2 is replaceably connected with the base 3.
  • the tool holder 2 is installed in the receiving portion 30 of the base body 3 by means of the elongated handle 202, the fastening component 5 is inserted into the blind hole 33 of the base body 3, and then the locking component 4 is inserted.
  • It can be a screw, which passes through the through hole 204 of the tool holder 2 and the blind hole 34 of the base body 3.
  • tools such as a wrench can be used Insert it into the fitting hole 40 of the locking component 4 and rotate it clockwise.
  • the locking component 4 will gradually be screwed into the internal thread 50 of the fastening component 5. Under an appropriate torque, the final locking component 4 will be locked.
  • the surface 42 will be closely attached to the counterbore surface 205.1 of the tool holder 2.
  • the pressing surface 28 of the tool holder 2 and the force-receiving surface 37 of the base 3 are in contact with each other; the pressure surface 29 of the tool holder 2 and the base 3
  • the abutment surface 36 fits; the transition surface 200 of the tool holder 2 does not fit the auxiliary surface 38 of the base 3, and a reasonable gap is maintained.
  • FIG. 2 and Figure 3 there is a working surface in front of the main body 210 of the tool holder 2, including a discharge 25, a discharge 26, and a discharge 27.
  • the discharge 25 is at the forefront, and the discharge 25 and the discharge 26 form a clamp Angle arrangement; the discharge 25 and the discharge 27 form an angle arrangement, the three form an arrow-shaped geometric shape, which has the function of protecting the substrate 3 and can reduce the cutting resistance during work.
  • the front of the base 3 has a raised area, including the frontmost surface 301, the surfaces 300 on both sides, the surfaces 302, 303, and 304, which are also arranged in an angled state. It can be better when multiple bases 3 are arranged in front and behind for welding. The space effect.
  • the through hole 204 of the tool holder 2 passes through the pressing surface 28, the pressure surface 29 and the transition surface 200; the counterbore 205 passes through the transition surface 200 and partially intersects the pressure surface 29.
  • the elongated handle 202 has a supporting surface 203 and a central axis L, the supporting surface 203 extends obliquely along the central axis L and away from the main body 210, and the surface element line 206 has an angle a around the central axis.
  • the range of the angle a is between 5°-15°, and particularly preferably set to 10°, which is beneficial for the tool holder 2 to generate sufficient force to be fastened in the base 3, and because the tool holder 2 is fragile The parts need to be replaced according to the actual situation. Then, the force generated by the angle within this range is conducive to disassembly, and the force is not too large to be disassembled.
  • the elongated handle 202 includes at least a diameter x and a diameter y, and the diameter x is greater than the diameter y.
  • the diameter x has a size range of 50-60 mm, preferably 55 mm, and the diameter y has a size range of 35-45 mm, preferably Can be set to 40mm.
  • the diameter x of the elongated handle 202 is gradually reduced to the diameter y along the central axis L and along the parallel V3 direction. What can be achieved is that its diameter gradually decreases along the V3 direction.
  • the elongated handle 202 forms a cone shape, and it is connected to the pressing surface 28 through the reinforcing portion 201.
  • the pressing surface 28 and the pressing surface 29 form an included angle e, and preferably, the angle e is set to 90°.
  • the pressure surface 29 and the transition surface 200 form an included angle f, and preferably, the angle f is set to 90°. Since the tool holder 2 is a wearing part and needs to be replaced according to the actual situation, the vertical position of the pressing surface 28 and the pressure surface 29 is the most conducive to the mutual limit and stop of the two, and also facilitates the removal of the tool holder. The same is true for the angle of 2, and the angle f is set to 90°.
  • the range of the angle c is between 130° and 140°, which actually proves that,
  • the cutting tool is installed in the tool mounting part 22, so when the cutting tool performs rotary cutting along the second working direction V2, it needs to form a certain angle with the ground to be processed. This angle is beneficial to improve the service life of the cutting tool and the cutting ground. Flatness.
  • the main body 210 has a pressing surface 28, which is arranged between the elongated shank 202 and the tool mounting portion 22, and there is an included angle d between the pressing surface 28 and the central axis L of the elongated shank 202, preferably Yes, the angle d is set to 90°. Since the central axis L22 is parallel to the central axis L and the angle e is 90°, the angle d is also 90°.
  • the tool mounting part of the tool holder has a central axis L0, and at the same time, there is a virtual plane M that overlaps the central axis L and the central axis L0. Moreover, the virtual plane M is the symmetry plane of the tool post.
  • the main body 210 includes a pressure surface 29, which is arranged behind the elongated handle 202 at least partially against the second working direction V2 and is transitionally connected with the pressing surface 28 through rounded corners 208.
  • the main body 210 includes a transition surface 200, which is at least partially arranged between the pressure surface 29 and the tool mounting portion 22, and is at least partially arranged behind the elongated shank portion 202 against the second working direction V2, and
  • the pressure surface 29 is transitionally connected by rounded corners 209.
  • the pressure surface 29 is set as a circular arc surface with a radius of R1, and its center O1 is on the symmetry plane M of the tool holder 2 and coincides with the central axis L.
  • the size range of R1 is between 50mm-60mm .
  • the main body 210 is provided with a through hole 204 which is arranged behind the elongated handle 202 and penetrates the main body 210 opposite to the second working direction V2.
  • the main body 210 is provided with a counterbore 205, which is arranged behind the elongated handle 202 in a direction opposite to the second working direction V2.
  • the through hole 204 and the counterbore 205 share a central axis L22, and the counterbore 205 is arranged above the through hole 204 against the third direction V3.
  • the central axis L22 and the central axis L of the elongated handle 202 are in a parallel arrangement relationship.
  • the entrance of the tool mounting portion 22 has a tool mounting surface 21, which is the termination and abutting surface after the tool is installed. Because of the high-speed rotation of the tool during operation, the tool mounting surface 21 will gradually be worn less as the tool is used.
  • a number of wear indicating grooves 20 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the tool mounting portion 22 to determine the tool mounting surface 21. When the wear indicator grooves 20 are worn out, a new tool holder 2 must be replaced and installed on the base 3 of the cutting device 1.
  • the receiving portion 30 of the base body 3 has a central axis L1, and the surface element line 32 of the receiving surface 30.1 forms an included angle b around L1. It can be seen that the receiving portion 30 forms a conical hollow cavity.
  • the chamber in fact, its diameter gradually decreases against the direction of V3.
  • the receiving portion entrance 31 is between the force receiving surface 37 and the receiving portion 30, the force receiving surface 37 and the abutting surface 36 are connected by rounded corners 39, the abutting surface 36 and the auxiliary surface 38 are connected by rounded corners 39.1, and the blind hole 34 Containing a central axis L2, and passing through the auxiliary surface 38, the abutting surface 36, and the force-receiving surface 37, the countersunk hole 35 is coaxially arranged with the blind hole 34, and is arranged above the blind hole 34 against the direction V3.
  • the blind hole 33 contains a central axis L3, which is arranged along the direction of V2. It is preferably provided that L2 and L3 are arranged in a vertical state.
  • the abutment surface 36 is set as a circular arc surface with a radius of R2, and its center O2 is on the plane M1 of the base 3 and coincides with the central axis L1.
  • the size range of R2 is between 50mm and 60mm. .
  • the assembled cutting device 1 is cut in the direction of A-A in FIG. 10 to obtain a full cross-sectional view 11 of the blade holder 2, the base 3, and the fastening member 5.
  • the cylindrical fastening component 5 has an internal thread 50, which acts as a nut.
  • the outer circular surface 51 of the fastening component 5 tightly presses the inner surface of the blind hole 33 to form a structure where the surface is tangent to the inner surface, and it can be seen Due to the action of the clamping force F1, a force F is generated, which is generated along the central axis L of the elongated handle 202, and the supporting surface 203 and the receiving surface 30.1 of the receiving portion 30 form a conical matching relationship.
  • the advantage of this is that under the action of the force in the F direction, the tapered fit forms an interference fit relationship, and the fastening between the supporting surface 203 and the receiving surface 30.1 of the receiving portion 30 increases with the force in the V3 direction. Big and increase.
  • the supporting surface 203 of the elongated handle 202 completely mesh with the receiving surface 30.1 of the receiving portion 30.
  • the pressing surface 28 and the force receiving surface 37; the pressing surface 29 and the abutting surface 36 are also closely attached to each other.
  • the transition surface 200 and the auxiliary surface 38 are set to maintain a small gap, such as 0.5 mm. This is because there are processing tolerances. It is difficult to realize the pressing surface 28 and the force-receiving surface 37; the transition surface 200 and the auxiliary surface 38 are difficult to work together at the same time, so only the pressing surface 28 with a larger bonding area is used. It is attached to the force-bearing surface 37.
  • Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 that three disassembly parts 23 are provided on the tool holder 2, which are respectively arranged on the pressing surface 28 and the discharge surface 26.1, the pressing surface 28 and the discharge surface 27.1, and the pressing surface 28 and the discharge surface. Between the surfaces 25 and recessed into the main body 210 against the direction of V3, the detachment part 23 is used as a spare part for detaching the tool holder 2.
  • a crowbar such as a flat-blade screwdriver, can be used to insert into the detachment part 23 and borrow the base body 3.
  • the force-receiving surface 37 forms the principle of leverage to pry the three dismounting parts 23 in sequence. In this way, the purpose of disassembling the tool holder 2 is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于地面加工机的自定心刀架（2）的切割装置（1），包括刀架（2）和基体（3），刀架（2）具有主体（210），主体（210）上部的加工侧区域内设有刀具安装部（22），主体（210）下部的固定部侧设有伸长柄部（202），伸长柄部（202）至少局部地连接在主体（210）下侧的压紧面（28）上，伸长柄部（202）具有支承面（203）及中心轴线（L），支承面（203）的表面素线（206）围绕中心轴线（L）存在一角度（a）。该切割装置（1）的刀架（2）借助伸长柄部（202）安装在基体（3）的容纳部（30）内，且刀架（2）能够独立产生紧固力，并以此将刀架（2）和基体（3）固定在一起，增加整个切割装置（1）的可靠度和使用寿命，节约成本。

Description

自定心刀架的切割装置 技术领域
本发明属于切削工具技术领域，具体涉及一种自定心刀架的切割装置。
背景技术
冷铣刨机，有时又称为道路粉碎机或翻路机，是通常包括由履带式或轮式驱动单元四边地支撑的框架的机器。框架用于安装发动机、操作员站和铣削滚筒。由发动机通过合适的相互连接旋转配备有切削刀具的铣削滚筒来打碎道路的表面。
这种机器通常是具有受驱动的并能绕水平轴线旋转的工作辊的机器，在所述工作辊上设置有多个地面加工工具、特别是剪切块或凿刀以及特别是圆杆凿刀。
在实际切削工作过程中，铣刨滚筒快速持续地旋转，用以切除已破损的地面。在如此循环往复的切除过程中，铣刨滚筒上安装的若干个可更换支座有规律的依次承受这种高频率，大冲击力且强烈振动的工作状况。在这种恶劣的工作情况下，可更换支座与基座的结合状况极易发生改变，例如，错位、松动分离脱落等。在分析类似情况发生的原因时，我们发现可更换支座在与基座的装配定位上存在自由度可变且不稳固的情况，极大地影响了路面施工的质量，并且，施工工程需要中断，用以检修或重新装配脱落缺失的可更换支座。
这种可更换支座系统的主要组成部件包括基底部件的与基底部件连接的、带有加工工具的可更换支座。具体而言，可更换支座可以与加工工具一体得构成，但或者也可以具有适当的工具容纳部，所述工具容纳部构造成用于容纳用于地面加工的工具，例如凿刀，特别是圆杆凿刀，基底部件牢固地例如通过固定在支承的翻松辊的圆柱形外表面，特别是通过将基底部件固定 焊接在辊体上。基底部件因此构成可更换支座系统与辊基体的连接元件。虽然原理上早已证明常规快换工具保持架系统是成功的，但仍然需要改进，这尤其涉及加工工具和/或快换工具保持架的更换以及整个快换工具保持架系统的可靠度和使用寿命。例如，可更换支座和基座的两者的装配面由于反复的冲击力作用，造成装配面的磨损和变形，那么就无法达到相互紧固在一起的目的，即整个可更换支座系统就无法再继续使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种刀架自定心的切割装置。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种使用中能够独立产生紧固力的刀架，使整机使用寿命大幅度延长的切割装置。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明公开了一种自定心刀架的切割装置，用于地面加工机，切割装置1包括刀架2和基体3，所述刀架2具有主体210，所述主体210上部的加工侧区域内设有刀具安装部22，主体210下部的固定部侧设有伸长柄部202，所述伸长柄部202至少局部地连接在主体210下侧的压紧面28上，所述伸长柄部202具有支承面203及中心轴线L，所述支承面203的表面素线206围绕中心轴线L存在一角度a。
所述基体3的上端面开设有容纳部30，所述容纳部为与伸长柄部202形状相适应的凹面；所述刀架2借助伸长柄部202安装在基体3的容纳部30内。
所述容纳部30和伸长柄部202同轴设置，使刀架2可以借助基体3的容纳部30旋转。
所述角度a为锐角，角度a优选5°-15°。
所述伸长柄部202为直径由上到下逐渐减小的半圆锥状。
所述伸长柄部202的顶部直径x与底部直径y之比为1.1-2。
所述直径x为50-60mm，直径y为35-45mm。
所述刀架2的刀具安装部22具有中心轴线L0，所述中心轴线L和中心轴线L0分布于一虚拟平面M内，所述虚拟平面M即刀架2的对称平面。
所述刀具安装部22的中心轴线L0与伸长柄部202的中心轴线L在对称平面M上存在一夹角c，夹角c为130°-140°。
所述压紧面28边缘至少加工有1个凹陷的拆卸部23，作为拆卸刀架2的备用部位。
本发明的自定心刀架的切割装置，至少具有以下优点：
本发明自定心刀架的切割装置，其刀架借助伸长柄部安装在基体的容纳部内，并且刀架能够独立产生紧固力，并以此将刀架和基体固定在一起，使整个切割装置的可靠度和使用寿命大大增加，同时节约了生产成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的左侧后方的整体视图；
图2是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的左侧后方爆炸视图；
图3是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的右侧前方爆炸视图；
图4是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的刀架的左后侧仰视透视图；
图5是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的刀架的左侧正视图；
图6是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的刀架的仰视正视图；
图7是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的刀架按图6的中分平面M剖开的的正侧视图；
图8是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的基体的俯视正视图；
图9是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的基体按图8的中分平面M1剖开的正侧视图；
图10是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的正前整体视图；
图11是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的按图10中A-A剖切的正侧视图；
图12是本发明的快换刀架的切割装置的按图10中D-D剖切的且不含部件4和5的正侧视图；
图13是本发明的切割装置的紧固部件的局部剖视图和正视图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
应当理解，本文所使用的诸如“具有”，“包含”以及“包括”术语并不排除一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。
如图，图1示出了由基体3、刀架2、锁紧部件4以及紧固部件5组成的切割装置1，刀架2可更换的与基体3相连接。此基体3的下方有连接面3.1，并且连接面3.1是凹陷的拱曲状态，其中按照铣刨滚筒的外径来定义此拱形的尺寸。因此，基体3能以连接面3.1安装在铣刨滚筒的外部面上，并固定地焊接在它上面。
如图2至图4所示，刀架2借助伸长柄部202安装在基体3的容纳部30内，将紧固部件5穿入基体3的盲孔33中，再将锁紧部件4，可以是螺钉，穿过刀架2的通孔204，基体3的盲孔34，在适当调整到紧固部件5的内螺纹50与锁紧部件4的外螺纹41对齐后，可以使用扳手等工具插入锁紧部件4的适配孔40中，并顺时针旋转，锁紧部件4将会逐渐旋入紧固部件5的内螺纹50中，在适当的扭矩下，最终锁紧部件4的锁紧面42将与刀架2的沉孔面205.1紧密的贴合，此时，刀架2的压紧面28和基体3的受力面37贴合；刀架2的压力面29与基体3的贴靠面36贴合；刀架2的过渡面200与基体3的辅助面38不贴合，并保持合理的间隙。
还如图2图3所示，在刀架2的主体210前方有工作面，包括排料25、排料26、排料27，排料25在最前方，排料25与排料26形成夹角布置；排料25与排料27形成夹角布置，三者形成箭头状的几何形状，具有保护基体3的作用，以及可以减小工作时的切削阻力。基体3的前方具有隆起部位，包括最前方的面301，两侧的面300，面302、303、304，亦成夹角状态设置，可以在多个基座3前后排列焊接时，有更好的空间效果。
如图4图6所示，刀架2的通孔204穿过压紧面28、压力面29及过渡面200；沉头孔205穿过过渡面200，并且，局部的与压力面29相交。
图5示出了伸长柄部202具有支承面203及中心轴线L，支承面203沿中心轴线L且背离主体210的方向倾斜延伸，并且，其表面素线206围绕中心轴线存在一角度a。优选的是，角度a的范围在5°-15°之间，特别优选的设置为10°，有利于刀架2产生足够的作用力紧固在基体3内，并且由于刀架2是易损件，需要视实际情况而更换，那么，在此范围内的角度产生的作用力又利于拆卸，不至于作用力过大，无法拆卸。伸长柄部202至少包括直径x与直径y，并且，直径x大于直径y，直径x的尺寸范围在50-60mm，优选地可设置为55mm，直径y的尺寸范围在35-45mm，优选地可设置为40mm。伸长柄部202的直径x沿着中心轴线L并顺着平行的V3方向逐渐缩小到直径y。可实现的是，其直径顺着V3方向逐渐减小。显然，伸长柄部202形成了一个圆锥体的形状，并且，其通过加强部201与压紧面28相连接。
还如图5所示，压紧面28与压力面29形成一夹角e，优选的是，角度e设置成90°。
压力面29与过渡面200形成一夹角f，优选的是，角度f设置成90°。由于刀架2是易损件，需要视实际情况而更换，那么，压紧面28与压力面29设置成垂直状态是最有利于两者的相互限位、止动，并且又利于拆卸刀架2的角度，角度f设置为90°亦是同理。
如图7所示，刀具安装部22的中心轴线L0与伸长柄部202的中心轴线L存在一夹角c，优选的是，角度c的范围在130°-140°之间，实际证明，切削刀具安装在刀具安装部22内，那么切削刀具在沿着第二工作方向V2做回转切削时，需要与待加工地面形成一定的角度，此角度有利于提高切削刀具的使用寿命以及切削地面的平整度。主体210具有压紧面28，其布置在伸长柄部202与刀具安装部22之间，并且，所述压紧面28与伸长柄部202的中心轴线L存在一夹角d，优选的是，角度d设置成90°，由于中心轴线L22平行于中心轴线L，角度e为90°，所以角度d同为90°。
如图6图7所示，刀架的刀具安装部具有中心轴线L0，并且，同时与中 心轴线L和中心轴线L0重合存在一虚拟平面M。并且，虚拟平面M即是刀架的对称平面。
主体210包括压力面29，其至少局部地逆着第二工作方向V2布置在伸长柄部202的后方，并与压紧面28通过圆角208过渡连接。此外，主体210包括过渡面200，其至少局部地布置在压力面29与刀具安装部22之间，并且，至少部分的逆着第二工作方向V2布置在伸长柄部202的后方，且与压力面29通过圆角209过渡连接。压力面29设置成半径为R1的圆弧面，并且，其圆心O1在刀架2的对称平面M上，同时，与中心轴线L重合，优选的是，R1的尺寸范围在50mm-60mm之间。
如图7所示，主体210上设置有一通孔204，其在逆着第二工作方向V2上布置在伸长柄部202的后方，并且穿透主体210。主体210上设置有一沉头孔205，其在逆着第二工作方向V2上布置在伸长柄部202的后方。通孔204和沉头孔205共有一中心轴线L22,并且，沉头孔205逆着第三方向V3布置在通孔204的上方。并且，中心轴线L22与伸长柄部202的中心轴线L呈平行布置关系。
又如图7所示，刀具安装部22的入口有刀具安装面21，是刀具安装后的终止、抵靠面。因为刀具工作时的高速旋转，那么刀具安装面21将会随着刀具的使用而逐渐被磨损小，在刀具安装部22的外圆周面上设置了若干磨损指示槽20，用来判断刀具安装面21的使用磨损情况，当磨损指示槽20都被磨损掉之后，就要替换新的刀架2并安装到切割装置1的基体3上。
如图8图9所示，基体3的容纳部30具有中心轴线L1，其容纳面30.1的表面素线32围绕L1形成夹角b,由此可知，容纳部30形成了一个圆锥形的空心腔室，实际上，其直径逆着V3方向逐渐减小。优选的是，夹角b的范围在5°-15°之间，夹角b＝夹角a。容纳部入口31在受力面37与容纳部30之间，受力面37与贴靠面36通过圆角39相连接，贴靠面36与辅助面38通过圆角39.1相连接，盲孔34含有中心轴线L2，并且穿过辅助面38、贴靠面 36、受力面37，沉头孔35与盲孔34同轴布置，且设置在逆着方向V3的盲孔34的上方。盲孔33含有中心轴线L3，其顺着V2方向设置，优选的规定，L2与L3设置成垂直状态。其中贴靠面36设置成半径为R2的圆弧面，并且，其圆心O2在基体3的平面M1上，同时，与中心轴线L1重合，优选的是，R2的尺寸范围在50mm-60mm之间。
如图10的A-A的方向剖切组装完毕的切割装置1，得到刀架2、基体3、紧固部件5的全剖视图11。刀架2借助伸长柄部202固定在基体3的容纳部30内，并且，如果设定夹角a＝夹角b，那么，容纳部30的中心轴线L1和伸长柄部202的中心轴线L相重合，如前述，圆柱形的紧固部件5具有内螺纹50，其充当螺母的作用，当旋紧锁紧部件4后，在V3方向的夹紧力F1的作用下，其锁紧面42与刀架2的沉孔面205.1紧密的贴合，同时，紧固部件5的外圆面51紧紧压住盲孔33的内表面，形成面与面内相切的构造，并且可以看到，由于夹紧力F1的作用，产生了力F，其沿着伸长柄部202的中心轴线L产生，支承面203与容纳部30的容纳面30.1构成锥形配合关系。这样的优势在于，在F方向的力的作用下，锥形配合即形成一种过盈配合关系，支承面203与容纳部30的容纳面30.1的之间的紧固随着V3方向的力增大而增大。其使得伸长柄部202的支承面203与容纳部30的容纳面30.1完全啮合，与此同时，压紧面28与受力面37；压力面29与贴靠面36也紧密地贴合，过渡面200与辅助面38设置成保持较小间隙，例如0.5mm。这是因为有加工公差的存在，要实现压紧面28与受力面37；过渡面200与辅助面38两对面同时贴合作用较为困难，所以只让贴合面积较大的压紧面28与受力面37贴合在一起。
还如图11所示，当要拆卸刀架2时，先逆时针旋出紧固部件4，考虑到切割装置1在实际工作时，会有路面的细微碎料和残渣进入到紧固部件5的外圆面51与盲孔33的内表面缝隙中，阻塞紧固部件5，所以在紧固部件5露出基体3的一端表面51上设置一个圆形环槽53，这样就可以借助扁形的 工具，例如一字螺丝刀，用扁口去撬动圆形环槽53，可以较为容易地逆着V2方向取出紧固部件5。
如图10的D-D的方向剖切组装完毕的切割装置1，得到刀架2、基体3、锁紧部件4和紧固部件5的全剖视图12，设定R1＝R2，那么压力面29的圆心O1与贴靠面36的圆心O2重合，也就是容纳部30的中心轴线L1和伸长柄部202的中心轴线L相重合，因此，刀架2可以围绕圆心O1/O2圆周360°自由旋转。这样有利于机加工的精度控制，同时对于拆卸刀架2也更快速便捷，在拆卸刀架2时，如果压紧面28与受力面37；压力面29与贴靠面36因为切割装置1工作时喷淋冷却水的原因，从而造成面与面之间产生锈蚀而紧紧地粘合在一起的时候，可以用铁锤沿着V方向和V1方向左右来回敲击刀架2的侧面排料面26.1料面27.1而使得刀架2产生旋转，就可以轻松解除锈蚀的粘合力。
从图6图7看到，刀架2上设置了3个拆卸部23，分别布置在压紧面28与排料面26.1、压紧面28与排料面27.1、压紧面28与排料面25之间，并逆着V3方向凹入主体210内，拆卸部23是作为备用拆卸刀架2的部位，可以使用撬棒，例如一字螺丝刀，塞入拆卸部23中，并借用基体3的受力面37，形成杠杆原理去依次撬动3个拆卸部23。从而达到拆卸刀架2的目的。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的实施例。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自定心刀架的切割装置，用于地面加工机，切割装置(1)包括刀架(2)和基体(3)，所述刀架(2)具有主体(210)，其特征在于，所述主体(210)上部的加工侧区域内设有刀具安装部(22)，主体(210)下部的固定部侧设有伸长柄部(202)，所述伸长柄部(202)至少局部地连接在主体(210)下侧的压紧面(28)上，所述伸长柄部(202)具有支承面(203)及中心轴线(L)，所述支承面(203)的表面素线(206)围绕中心轴线(L)存在一角度(a)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述基体(3)的上端面开设有容纳部(30)，所述容纳部为与伸长柄部(202)形状相适应的凹面；所述刀架(2)借助伸长柄部(202)安装在基体(3)的容纳部(30)内。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述容纳部(30)和伸长柄部(202)同轴设置，使刀架(2)可以借助基体(3)的容纳部(30)旋转。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述角度
    (a)为锐角，角度(a)优选5°-15°。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述伸长柄部(202)为直径由上到下逐渐减小的半圆锥状。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述伸长柄部(202)的顶部直径(x)与底部直径(y)之比为1.1-2。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述直径(x)为50-60mm，直径(y)为35-45mm。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述刀架(2)的刀具安装部(22)具有中心轴线(L0)，所述中心轴线(L)和中心 轴线(L0)分布于一虚拟平面(M)内，所述虚拟平面(M)即刀架(2)的对称平面。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述刀具安装部(22)的中心轴线(L0)与伸长柄部(202)的中心轴线(L)在对称平面(M)上存在一夹角(c)，夹角(c)为130°-140°。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的自定心刀架的切割装置，其特征在于，所述压紧面(28)边缘至少加工有1个凹陷的拆卸部(23)，作为拆卸刀架(2)的备用部位。
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