WO2021120442A1 - 一种防积水地板 - Google Patents

一种防积水地板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021120442A1
WO2021120442A1 PCT/CN2020/082378 CN2020082378W WO2021120442A1 WO 2021120442 A1 WO2021120442 A1 WO 2021120442A1 CN 2020082378 W CN2020082378 W CN 2020082378W WO 2021120442 A1 WO2021120442 A1 WO 2021120442A1
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Prior art keywords
floor
plate
bearing bottom
water
cavity
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PCT/CN2020/082378
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐道远
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安徽森泰木塑集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021120442A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021120442A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/885—External treatment, e.g. by using air rings for cooling tubular films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wood-plastic floor, in particular to a wood-plastic floor with a function of preventing water accumulation. It belongs to the technical field of wood plastic flooring.
  • the wooden floor is easy to absorb water, the dimensional stability changes after water absorption, and it becomes easy to warp after being dried or air-dried, which makes the outdoor use of the wooden floor very limited. Therefore, outdoor flooring is usually based on wood plastic flooring.
  • wood-plastic floor When the wood-plastic floor is used outdoors, it will also encounter various problems. For example, wood-plastic floor has a higher density. If it is made of a solid board, the overall quality of the floor is larger, and the materials used are more, relatively heavy and costly. If it is made into a hollow structure, it is very easy to accumulate water inside the hollow structure and cause various problems when used outdoors.
  • the Chinese utility model patent with the authorized announcement number 207794537 U discloses a wood-plastic floor. It includes a floor body. The top of the floor body is provided with a wave-shaped anti-skid pattern and a water channel, the wave-shaped anti-skid pattern and the water channel are connected, the bottom is provided with a drainage cavity, and the water channel is provided with a drainage hole, and the water channel and the drainage cavity are drained through The holes are connected.
  • the floor structure is complex, and the wave-shaped drainage cavity is also difficult to manufacture in the actual production process.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, so as to provide an anti-water floor.
  • the floor is made of wood-plastic material as the main material, has a suitable weight and a suitable strength, and there will be no water accumulation inside the floor.
  • a water-preventing floor comprising a surface board, a plurality of supporting boards and a plurality of pressure-bearing bottom boards, wherein the surface board and a plurality of the pressure-bearing bottom boards are integrally connected by a plurality of the supporting boards; the surface board constitutes the floor
  • the continuous upper surface of the floor is provided with a vacant area between the plurality of pressure-bearing floors, so that the plurality of pressure-bearing floors constitute a discontinuous lower bottom surface of the floor.
  • the lower bottom surface of the floor is set as a discontinuous structure, so that the accumulated water inside the floor can be effectively led out. And because of the existence of the support plate and the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the entire floor still constitutes a stable force-bearing structure.
  • the surface plate, the adjacent two supporting plates and the adjacent two pressure-bearing bottom plates enclose a non-closed cavity, and the cavity communicates with the external environment through the empty area.
  • the floor panel further includes recessed parts arranged at both ends of the floor panel.
  • the thickness of the recessed portion is greater than the thickness of the cavity, so that the portion of the surface layer corresponding to the recessed portion has a thinner board surface.
  • the thickness of the recessed portion is smaller than the thickness of the cavity, so that the portion of the surface plate corresponding to the recessed portion has a thicker board surface.
  • the floor further includes a co-extruded layer co-extruded on the surface board.
  • the co-extruded layer can be set to other materials, such as ASA, which can effectively improve the surface performance of the floor.
  • the co-extruded layer can also be made of new materials, while the surface plate, several supporting plates and several pressure-bearing bottom plates are all made of recycled materials, which can significantly reduce production costs while ensuring quality. Not all boards can be prepared from recycled materials. Generally speaking, only boards with a stable structure, such as solid boards, can be used.
  • the surface plate, several supporting plates and several pressure-bearing bottom plates constitute a self-stabilizing supporting structure similar to a bridge, the use of recycled materials can also produce a structurally stable floor.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned floor.
  • a method for preparing a water-preventing floor includes an extrusion process, wherein the die opening of the mold used in the extrusion process matches the cross-sectional shape of the floor; the cavity of the mold used in the extrusion process, The cavity space allocated by the material flow corresponding to the surface plate is smaller than the cavity space allocated by the material flow corresponding to the support plate and the pressure-bearing bottom plate.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the floor of the present invention are significantly different, the upper surface is a flat surface, and the lower surface is a surface with a complex structure; their specific surface areas are extremely different. This has caused great difficulties in production.
  • the upper surface of the floor comes out quickly, while the extrusion speed of the lower surface is very slow; this makes the floor bend downward after being extruded from the die, and even the lower half of the floor cannot be extruded smoothly and remains in the die. Inside, it is equivalent to light producing the upper half of the floor, and the lower half of the floor has disappeared.
  • the flow channel of the mold is improved, so that the cavity space allocated by the material flow corresponding to the surface plate is smaller than that of the material flow corresponding to the supporting plate and the pressure-bearing bottom plate. Cavity space.
  • the present invention restricts the cavity space allocated by the material flow corresponding to the surface plate in advance, and uses a smaller material flow to supply the demand generated by the surface plate, thereby effectively reducing the ejection speed of the upper half of the floor, so that The board exit speed of the upper half and the lower half of the floor tends to be the same; thereby solving the above-mentioned problems.
  • a baffle plate is arranged in the mold cavity so that the flow rate of the material flow corresponding to the surface plate is restricted.
  • the flow velocity of the material flow corresponding to the surface board can be further reduced, and the formation speed of the upper half of the floor can be further reduced, thereby improving the consistency of the floor board and improving the product qualification rate of the floor.
  • water cooling is performed after the mold is released; it also includes a shaping process: in part or all of the water cooling, the floor is shaped by a shaping mold to prevent the floor from warping.
  • the floor has a higher temperature after being extruded.
  • Extruded qualified floor when heat dissipation is inconsistent, due to thermal stress, the floor will also bend.
  • the floor of the present invention has an asymmetric structure, the specific surface area of the upper surface is small, and the heat dissipation is slow; the lower surface has a relatively large area and the heat dissipation is fast; therefore, it is easy to bend upward during the cooling process.
  • the present invention performs shaping at the same time during the cooling process; specifically, during the water cooling process, the floor is shaped by a shaping die, or stress relief treatment is used to prevent the floor from warping.
  • the shaping mold is used online, which is compatible with the outer contour of the floor.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the floor of the present invention uses wood plastic as the main component, and is designed into a special structure, so that the floor has suitable weight and good strength, and has the advantage of no water accumulation in the floor;
  • the floor production method of the present invention has the advantage of a high qualified rate of finished floor products.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mold of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the die plate in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of another mold of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the die plate in Fig. 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the shaping mold used in the cooling step of the present invention.
  • a water-preventing floor includes a surface plate 1, a supporting plate 2, and a pressure-bearing bottom plate 3.
  • the surface plate 1, the supporting plate 2 and the pressure-bearing bottom plate 3 are integrally connected.
  • the supporting plate 2 and the pressure-bearing bottom plate 3 both have four.
  • a supporting board and a pressure-bearing bottom plate constitute a supporting unit; therefore, the floor of this embodiment has four supporting units, which evenly bear the weight of the surface board 1 and the weight of the objects loaded on the surface board 1. quality.
  • the floor has an upper bottom surface and a lower bottom surface, as well as an upper surface and a lower surface.
  • the upper bottom surface as shown by the number 11 in FIG.
  • the upper bottom surface as shown by number 12 in Figure 1, is a collection of the lower surfaces of four pressure-bearing bottom plates 3. Since the pressure-bearing bottom plates 3 where different supporting units are located are not continuous with each other, the bottom bottom surface 12 is also not Continuously, there are four lower bottom surfaces 12 in this example, and they are substantially on the same plane.
  • the upper surface of the surface-treated floor is still generally flat.
  • the lower surface, the downward facing part of the entire floor surface and the connecting part of these downward parts, is a contour shape composed of a complex structure. As can be seen from Figure 1, the lower surface of the entire floor has a larger specific surface area. . In this way, the lower bottom surface 12 also constitutes a part of the lower surface.
  • a vacant area 4 is provided between the pressure-bearing bottom plate 3, so that the floor has a discontinuous bottom surface.
  • the surface plate 1 and the two adjacent support plates 2 and the adjacent two pressure-bearing bottom plates 3 enclose a non-closed cavity 5, and the cavity 5 communicates with the external environment through the empty area 4.
  • the lower surface of the surface plate 1, the side surface of the support plate 2, and the outer peripheral surface of the pressure-bearing bottom plate 3 together constitute the lower surface of the floor.
  • the floor in this example is suitable for various outdoor environments such as villa decoration, top-floor terraces, squares, parks, pavilions, hydrophilic platforms, landscape planks and so on.
  • the only difference from the first embodiment is that, in the first embodiment, the two side surfaces of the floor are flat; and in this case, the two sides of the floor have recessed portions 6 so that the floor The two side surfaces are concave inward.
  • the existence of the recessed portion 6 improves the bearing capacity of the supporting unit on the floor and the heavy objects loaded on the floor, especially the gravity bearing of the middle part of the floor.
  • the thickness of the recessed portion 6 is smaller than the thickness of the cavity 5, so that the portion of the surface plate 1 corresponding to the recessed portion 6 has a thicker surface.
  • the floor in this example is suitable for various outdoor environments such as villa decoration, top-floor terraces, squares, parks, pavilions, hydrophilic platforms, landscape planks and so on.
  • the thickness of the recessed portion 6 is greater than the thickness of the cavity 5, so that the surface plate corresponding to the recessed portion 6 1 part has a thinner surface.
  • the floor in this example is suitable for various outdoor environments such as villa decoration, top-floor terraces, squares, parks, pavilions, hydrophilic platforms, landscape planks and so on.
  • the floor has a single-layer structure, such as PE extrusion only; while in this embodiment, the floor has a double-layer structure, except that the main part is PE extrusion, but also Including a coating layer co-extrusion coated on PE, the coating layer constitutes the upper surface of the floor.
  • the anti-stagnation floor is made of wood plastic and is prepared by a conventional extrusion process. But it is slightly different from the conventional extrusion process. Specifically, the difference from the conventional extrusion process is:
  • the die opening of the mold used in the extrusion process matches the cross-sectional shape of the floor; specifically, as shown in Figure 4, 10 is the main runner, which is equivalent to the cavity of the mold used; It can be seen from Figures 4 and 5 that the cavity space allocated by the material flow corresponding to the surface plate is smaller than the cavity space allocated by the material flow corresponding to the support plate and the pressure-bearing bottom plate.
  • a baffle plate 20 is provided in the mold cavity, so that the flow rate of the material flow corresponding to the surface plate is restricted. It also has a temperature control plate 30, which is arranged between the die plate 40 and the mold plate of the cavity body; the temperature control plate 30 is provided with a heat transfer oil circulation channel, as shown in FIG.
  • the function of the temperature control plate 30 is to help the melt to cool down, so that it begins to solidify, and has a certain shaping effect; and it also plays a role of heat insulation to prevent the high temperature of the mold cavity from affecting the temperature of the die plate 40.
  • the mold After the mold is out of the board, it is air-cooled and then water-cooled; it also includes the shaping process: in the water-cooling process, the floor is shaped by the shaping mold to prevent the floor from warping.
  • 50 is a water-cooled box; at this time, the floor has been extruded from the die of the mold, and after air cooling, it enters the water cooling process.
  • each setting mold in the water-cooled box 50, five setting molds are set, and the setting molds are adapted to the outer contour of the floor; the spacing between each setting mold is controlled at 15 cm; each setting mold includes The lead-in section 601 and the shaping section 602; the lead-in section 601 is in the shape of the circular side of a truncated cone, and the straight shaping section 602 produces a slope suitable for the introduction of the floor.
  • the method in this embodiment is applicable to the preparation of the product in the second embodiment.
  • the anti-stagnation floor is made of wood plastic and is prepared by a conventional extrusion process. But it is slightly different from the conventional extrusion process. Specifically, the difference from the conventional extrusion process is:
  • the die opening of the mold used in the extrusion process matches the cross-sectional shape of the floor; specifically, as shown in Figure 6, 10 is the main runner, which is equivalent to the cavity of the mold used; It can be seen from Figure 6 and Figure 7 that the cavity space allocated by the material flow corresponding to the surface plate is smaller than the cavity space allocated by the material flow corresponding to the support plate and the pressure-bearing bottom plate.
  • a baffle plate 20 is provided in the mold cavity, so that the flow rate of the material flow corresponding to the surface plate is restricted. It also has a temperature control plate 30, which is arranged between the die plate 40 and the mold plate of the cavity body; the temperature control plate 30 is provided with a heat transfer oil circulation channel, as shown in FIG.
  • the temperature control plate 30 On the temperature control plate 30 Two round holes are provided, and the two round holes are respectively the inlet and outlet of the heat transfer oil.
  • the function of the temperature control plate 30 is to help the melt to cool down, so that it begins to solidify, and has a certain shaping effect; and it also plays a role of heat insulation to prevent the high temperature of the mold cavity from affecting the temperature of the die plate 40.
  • the die plate 40 is also provided with a co-extrusion coating inlet 401, a co-extrusion coating runner 402, and a co-extrusion coating casting space 403; in essence, the co-extrusion coating
  • the formation of the casting space 403 also requires the use of the covered object and the baffle 404.
  • the mold After the mold is out of the board, it is water-cooled; it also includes a shaping process: in the water-cooling process, the floor is shaped by a shaping mold to prevent the floor from warping.
  • 50 is a water-cooled box; at this time, the floor has been extruded from the die of the mold, and after air cooling, it enters the water cooling process.
  • each setting mold in the water-cooled box 50, five setting molds are set, and the setting molds are adapted to the outer contour of the floor; the spacing between each setting mold is controlled at 15 cm; each setting mold includes The lead-in section 601 and the shaping section 602; the lead-in section 601 is in the shape of the circular side of a truncated cone, and the straight shaping section 602 produces a slope suitable for the introduction of the floor.
  • the floor made in this embodiment has a co-extruded coating layer.
  • the method in this embodiment is applicable to the preparation of the product in the fourth embodiment.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种木塑地板，尤其是一种具有防积水功能的木塑地板。属于木塑地板技术领域。一种防积水地板，包括表层板、若干支撑板和若干承压底板，所述表层板与若干所述的承压底板通过若干所述的支撑板一体连接而成；表层板构成所述地板的连续的上表面，若干所述承压底板之间设有空置区，使得若干所述的承压底板构成所述地板的不连续的下底面。本发明的地板，采用木塑为主要成分，通过设计成特殊的结构，使得地板具有适宜的重量和良好的强度，并且具有地板内部不积水的优点。

Description

一种防积水地板 技术领域
本发明涉及一种木塑地板，尤其是一种具有防积水功能的木塑地板。属于木塑地板技术领域。
背景技术
由于木地板易吸水，吸水后尺寸稳定性发生变化，晒干或者风干后变得容易翘曲等原因，使得木地板在户外的使用非常受限。也因此户外地板通常以木塑地板为主。
木塑地板在户外使用时，也会遇到各种问题。如，木塑地板具有较大的密度，如制成实心板，则地板的整体质量较大，而且用料也较多，相对笨重并且成本高。如制成空心结构，则在户外使用时，空心结构内部非常容易积水而导致出现各种问题。
如授权公告号为207794537 U的中国实用新型专利，公开了一种木塑地板。它包括地板本体，地板本体的顶部设置有波浪形防滑纹和流水槽，波浪形防滑纹和流水槽导通，底部设置有排水腔，流水槽内设置有排水孔，流水槽和排水腔通过排水孔连通。该地板结构复杂，波浪形的排水腔在实际生产过程中也难以制造。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本发明要解决上述问题，从而提供一种防积水地板。该地板由木塑材料为主要材料制成，具有适宜的重量，适宜的强度，并且地板内部不会发生积水。
本发明解决上述问题的技术方案如下：
一种防积水地板，包括表层板、若干支撑板和若干承压底板，所述表层板与若干所述的承压底板通过若干所述的支撑板一体连接而成；表层板构成所述地板 的连续的上表面，若干所述承压底板之间设有空置区，使得若干所述的承压底板构成所述地板的不连续的下底面。
本发明上述技术方案中，将地板的下底面设置为不连续结构，使得地板内部的积水能够被有效导出。并且由于支撑板和承压底板的存在，整个地板仍然构成稳定的受力结构。
作为优选，所述表层板与相邻的两个支撑板以及相邻的两个承压底板围成一个非封闭的空腔，所述空腔通过所述的空置区与外界环境相通。
作为优选，所述表层板的下表面、支撑板的侧表面、以及承压底板的外周面共同构成了所述地板的下表面。
作为优选，所述地板还包括设置在地板两侧端的内陷部。
作为优选，所述内陷部的厚度大于所述空腔的厚度，使得所述内陷部所对应的表层板部分具有更薄的板面。
作为另一种优选，所述内陷部的厚度小于所述空腔的厚度，使得所述内陷部所对应的表层板部分具有更厚的板面。
作为优选，所述地板还包括共挤在所述表层板上的共挤层。
本发明上述技术方案中，可以将共挤层设置为其他材料，如ASA，能够有效改善地板的表面性能。也可以将共挤层用新料来制，而表层板、若干支撑板和若干承压底板均用回用料来制备，这样可以在保证质量的同时，显著地降低生产成本。并非所有的板材都可以采用回用料来制备，一般来说，具有稳定结构的板材才可以，如实心板。而本发明由于表层板、若干支撑板和若干承压底板构成了类似桥梁的自稳定支撑结构，因此使用回用料同样可以制得结构稳定的地板。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述地板的一种制备方法。
其技术方案如下：
一种防积水地板的制备方法，包括挤塑工序，所述挤塑工序所使用的模具的模口与所述地板的截面形状相匹配；所述挤塑工序所使用的模具的模腔，表层板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间小于支撑板和承压底板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间。
由于本发明的地板的上表面和下表面有显著区别，上表面是一个平整面，而下表面是一个具有复杂结构的表面；它们的比表面积差别极大。这就对生产造成了极大的困难。生产过程中，地板的上表面出来快速，而下表面挤出速度很慢；这就使得地板从模口挤出后向下弯曲，甚至于地板的下半部分未能顺利挤出而残留在模具内，相当于光生产出上半个地板，地板的下半部分消失了。为了解决该问题，本发明上述技术方案中，对模具的流道进行了改进，使得表层板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间小于支撑板和承压底板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间。本发明通过预先将表层板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间进行限制，用更小的料流去供应表层板生成的需求，从而有效地降低了地板上半部分的出板速度，使得地板的上半部分和下半部分的出板速度趋于一致；从而解决上述问题。
作为上述技术方案的优选，在挤塑工序中，在模腔内设置阻流板使得表层板所对应的料流的流速被限制。
通过阻流板的设计，可以进一步地降低表层板所对应的料流的流速，进一步地降低地板上半部分的形成速度，从而提高地板出板的一致性，提高地板的产品合格率。
作为上述技术方案的优选，在模具出板后，进行水冷；还包括定型工序：在水冷的部分或者全部过程中，通过定型模对所述地板进行定型，以防止地板翘曲。
本发明上述技术方案中，地板在挤出后具有较高的温度。挤出来的合格的地板，当散热不一致的时候，由于热应力作用，也会使得地板发生弯曲。在现有技术中，由于地板是对称结构，不存在散热不一致的情形，也就不会出现冷却后弯曲的问题。而本发明的地板是不对称结构，上表面的比表面积小，散热慢；下表面比较面积大，散热快；因此在冷却过程中，极易向上弯曲。为此，本发明在冷却过程中，同时进行定型；具体是在水冷的过程中，通过定型模对所述地板进行定型，或者应力释放处理，以防止地板翘曲。
本发明上述技术方案中，定型模在线使用，与地板的外部轮廓相适应。定型模设置有多个，每个定型模之间的间距控制在5～20cm；每个定型模至少包括导入 段和定型段；导入段呈圆台的环侧面状，与平直的定型段产生适合地板导入的坡度；导入段和定型段之间设有过渡段，使得导入段和定型段之间圆滑过渡。发明的有益效果
有益效果
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明的地板，采用木塑为主要成分，通过设计成特殊的结构，使得地板具有适宜的重量和良好的强度，并且具有地板内部不积水的优点；
2、本发明的地板的生产方法，具有地板成品合格率高的优点。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例二的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例三的结构示意图；
图4是本发明的一种模具的结构示意图；
图5是图4中模口板的断面结构示意图；
图6是本发明的另一种模具的结构示意图；
图7是图6中模口板的断面结构示意图；
图8是本发明的冷却步骤所用定型模具的结构示意图；
图中，1-表层板，2-支撑板，3-承压底板，4-空置区，5-空腔，6-内陷部；
10-主流道，20-阻流板，30-控温板，40-模口板，50-水冷箱，60-定型模；601-导入段，602-定型段。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明进行进一步的说明。
本具体实施方式仅仅是对本发明的解释，并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读了本发明的说明书之后所做的任何改变，只要在权利要求的范围内，都将受到专利法的保护。
实施例一
如图1所示，一种防积水地板，包括表层板1、支撑板2和承压底板3。表层板1、支撑板2和承压底板3一体连接。其中，支撑板2和承压底板3都具有肆个。壹个支撑板和一个承压底板构成一个支撑单元；故本实施例的地板具有肆个支撑单元，这肆个支撑单元均匀承担着表层板1的重量、以及加载在表层板1上的物体的质量。该地板具有上底面和下底面，以及上表面和下表面。上底面，如图1中标号11所示，上底面11具有叁个，且是不连续的，但它们大体上处于同一平面。下底面，如图1中标号12所示，它是肆个承压底板3的下表面的集合，由于不同支撑单元所在的承压底板3彼此之间是不连续的，故下底面12也是不连续的，本例中下底面12具有肆个，它们大体上处在同一个平面。上表面，整个地板的最表层的朝上部分，如有共挤层或者贴面层，指的是共挤层或者贴面层，而在本例中，由于没有共挤层或者贴面层，因此地板的上表面指的是表层板1的上表面，它大体上是平直的，是一个连续的表面，但也可以做一些表面处理，如增加一些纹路以增加地板的摩擦系数，宏观上说，表面处理的地板的上表面仍然算是大体上平直的。下表面，整个地板的最表层的朝下部分以及这些朝下部分的连接部分，它是一个复杂结构构成的轮廓形状，从图1中可以看出，整个地板的下表面具有较大的比表面积。如此，下底面12同时也构成了下表面的一部分。
如图1所示，本例的地板，承压底板3之间设有空置区4，使得地板具有不连续的下底面。表层板1与相邻的两个支撑板2以及相邻的两个承压底板3围成一个非封闭的空腔5，所述空腔5通过所述的空置区4与外界环境相通。根据上述的定义，所述表层板1的下表面、支撑板2的侧表面、以及承压底板3的外周面共同构成了所述地板的下表面。本例的地板，适用于别墅装修，顶楼露台，广场，公园，凉亭、亲水平台、景观栈道等各类户外环境。
实施例二
如图2所示，与实施例一不同之处仅在于，实施例一中，地板的两个侧表面是平直的；而本例中，地板的两侧端具有内陷部6，使得地板的两个侧表面是向内凹陷的。内陷部6的存在，提高了支撑单元对地板以及加载在地板上的重物的承 载力，尤其是对于地板的中间部的重力承载。在本例中，所述内陷部6的厚度小于所述空腔5的厚度，使得所述内陷部6所对应的表层板1部分具有更厚的板面。本例的地板，适用于别墅装修，顶楼露台，广场，公园，凉亭、亲水平台、景观栈道等各类户外环境。
实施例三
如图3所示，与实施例二不同之处仅在于，在本例中，所述内陷部6的厚度大于所述空腔5的厚度，使得所述内陷部6所对应的表层板1部分具有更薄的板面。本例的地板，适用于别墅装修，顶楼露台，广场，公园，凉亭、亲水平台、景观栈道等各类户外环境。
实施例四
与实施例一不同之处仅在于，实施例一中，地板为单层结构，如仅PE挤出；而在本实施例中，地板为双层结构，除主体部分为PE挤出外，还包括共挤包覆在PE上的包覆层，包覆层构成了地板的上表面。
实施例五
防积水地板，材质为木塑，采用常规的挤出工艺制备。但与常规挤出工艺稍有所区别。具体地，与常规挤出工艺的不同之处在于：
1)、模具不同；挤塑工序所使用的模具的模口与所述地板的截面形状相匹配；具体地，如图4所示，10为主流道，相当于所使用的模具的模腔；从图4和图5可以看出，表层板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间小于支撑板和承压底板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间。并且，在模腔内设置阻流板20，使得表层板所对应的料流的流速被限制。还具有控温板30，控温板30设置在模口板40和模腔主体的模具板之间；控温板30内设有导热油循环通道，如图4所示，控温板30上设有两个圆孔，这两个圆孔分别为导热油的进出口。控温板30的作用是，帮助熔料降温，使之开始固化，产生一定的定型作用；并且还起到隔热的作用，避免模腔的高温影响到模口板40的温度。
2)、在模具出板后，先经过空冷，再进行水冷；还包括定型工序：在水冷的过程中，通过定型模对所述地板进行定型，以防止地板翘曲。如图8所示，50为水冷箱；此时，地板已经从模具的模口挤出，并且经过空冷，进入了水冷程序 。在水冷过程中，本实施例中，在水冷箱50中，设置了伍个定型模，定型模与地板的外部轮廓相适应；每个定型模之间的间距控制在15cm；每个定型模包括导入段601和定型段602；导入段601呈圆台的环侧面状，与平直的定型段602产生适合地板导入的坡度。
本实施例的方法，适用于实施例二产品的制备。
实施例六
防积水地板，材质为木塑，采用常规的挤出工艺制备。但与常规挤出工艺稍有所区别。具体地，与常规挤出工艺的不同之处在于：
1)、模具不同；挤塑工序所使用的模具的模口与所述地板的截面形状相匹配；具体地，如图6所示，10为主流道，相当于所使用的模具的模腔；从图6和图7可以看出，表层板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间小于支撑板和承压底板所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间。并且，在模腔内设置阻流板20，使得表层板所对应的料流的流速被限制。还具有控温板30，控温板30设置在模口板40和模腔主体的模具板之间；控温板30内设有导热油循环通道，如图6所示，控温板30上设有两个圆孔，这两个圆孔分别为导热油的进出口。控温板30的作用是，帮助熔料降温，使之开始固化，产生一定的定型作用；并且还起到隔热的作用，避免模腔的高温影响到模口板40的温度。如图7所示，模口板40上还设置有共挤包覆层的入料口401、共挤包覆流道402、共挤包覆的流延空间403；实质上，共挤包覆的流延空间403的形成也是需要借助被包覆的物体和挡料板404的。
2)、在模具出板后，进行水冷；还包括定型工序：在水冷的过程中，通过定型模对所述地板进行定型，以防止地板翘曲。如图8所示，50为水冷箱；此时，地板已经从模具的模口挤出，并且经过空冷，进入了水冷程序。在水冷过程中，本实施例中，在水冷箱50中，设置了伍个定型模，定型模与地板的外部轮廓相适应；每个定型模之间的间距控制在15cm；每个定型模包括导入段601和定型段602；导入段601呈圆台的环侧面状，与平直的定型段602产生适合地板导入的坡度。
与实施例五不同，本实施例所制的地板，是具有共挤包覆层的。本实施例的方法，适用于实施例四产品的制备。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防积水地板，其特征在于：包括表层板(1)、若干支撑板(2)和若干承压底板(3)，所述表层板(1)与若干所述的承压底板(3)通过若干所述的支撑板(2)一体连接而成；表层板(1)构成所述地板的连续的上表面，若干所述承压底板(3)之间设有空置区(4)，使得若干所述的承压底板(3)构成所述地板的不连续的下底面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防积水地板，其特征在于：所述表层板(1)与相邻的两个支撑板(2)以及相邻的两个承压底板(3)围成一个非封闭的空腔(5)，所述空腔(5)通过所述的空置区(4)与外界环境相通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种防积水地板，其特征在于：所述表层板(1)的下表面、支撑板(2)的侧表面、以及承压底板(3)的外周面共同构成了所述地板的下表面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防积水地板，其特征在于：所述地板还包括设置在地板两侧端的内陷部(6)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防积水地板，其特征在于：所述内陷部(6)的厚度大于所述空腔(5)的厚度，使得所述内陷部(6)所对应的表层板(1)部分具有更薄的板面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防积水地板，其特征在于：所述内陷部(6)的厚度小于所述空腔(5)的厚度，使得所述内陷部(6)所对应的表层板(1)部分具有更厚的板面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防积水地板，其特征在于：所述地板还包括共挤在所述表层板上的共挤层。
  8. 权利要求1-7所述的一种防积水地板的制备方法，包括挤塑工序，所述挤塑工序所使用的模具的模口与所述地板的截面形状相匹配；其特征在于：所述挤塑工序所使用的模具的模腔，表层板(1)所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间小于支撑板(2)和承压底板(3 )所对应的料流所分配的模腔空间。
  9. 权利要求8所述的一种防积水地板的制备方法，其特征在于：在挤塑工序中，在模腔内设置阻流板使得表层板(1)所对应的料流的流速被限制。
  10. 权利要求8所述的一种防积水地板的制备方法，其特征在于：在模具出板后，进行水冷；还包括定型工序：在水冷的全部或者部分过程中，同时通过定型模对所述地板进行定型，以防止地板翘曲。
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