WO2021120399A1 - 一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统 - Google Patents

一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021120399A1
WO2021120399A1 PCT/CN2020/077731 CN2020077731W WO2021120399A1 WO 2021120399 A1 WO2021120399 A1 WO 2021120399A1 CN 2020077731 W CN2020077731 W CN 2020077731W WO 2021120399 A1 WO2021120399 A1 WO 2021120399A1
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Prior art keywords
drum
furnace
sand
cooling drum
cooling
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PCT/CN2020/077731
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵华星
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赵华星
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Publication of WO2021120399A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021120399A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B19/00—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group
    • F27B19/04—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group arranged for associated working
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/08—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined externally heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
    • F27B7/161—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/22—Rotary drums; Supports therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/22—Rotary drums; Supports therefor
    • F27B7/24—Seals between rotary and stationary parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/26—Drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/028—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a rotary drum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
    • F27M2001/15—Composition, conformation or state of the charge characterised by the form of the articles
    • F27M2001/1504—Ceramic articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
    • F27M2003/13—Smelting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of artificial foundry sand preparation, in particular to a preparation system of molten ceramic sand.
  • Sand casting is the main process method of casting production, and the castings produced by the sand casting process account for more than 80% of the total output of castings.
  • Sand is the aggregate that forms the mold and core in sand casting. It is an important modeling material for sand casting. Its physical and chemical properties determine its casting process performance and affect the quality of castings.
  • the raw sand used in sand casting in the foundry industry is mainly quartz sand, but due to its large thermal expansion and poor thermal and chemical stability under the action of metal oxides, castings are prone to casting defects such as sticky sand, veining, and rough surface. Therefore, quartz sand It is not an ideal molding material for casting.
  • Ceramic sand is the most commonly used artificial foundry sand. According to its manufacturing process, it can be divided into sintered ceramic foundry sand and molten ceramic foundry sand.
  • the molten ceramic foundry sand is made by melting the raw materials for sand making and spraying it with compressed air. Blowing, crushing and cooling to obtain nearly spherical sand with smooth surface.
  • the molten ceramic sand is formed by rapid cooling during the process of blowing the molten sand-making material with compressed air, there is a large amount of vitreous structure in the ceramic sand obtained by the existing preparation technology, which increases the internal stress of the sand and affects Durable reusability of sand and casting process performance.
  • the present invention provides a system for preparing molten ceramic sand.
  • the vitreous structure in the sand matrix is transformed from vitreous to crystalline mullite under heated conditions, so as to eliminate or reduce
  • the purpose of the vitreous structure in the sand matrix is to reduce the internal stress of the sand, improve the durability and service life of the sand, and ensure the use of the sand and the purpose of the casting process performance.
  • a preparation system for molten ceramic sand includes a melting furnace, one side of the melting furnace is provided with a blow pipe for blowing material, and also includes a cooling drum, a smoke collecting hood, and a drum furnace for heating.
  • One side is provided with a cooling drum, the position of the cooling drum is opposite to the blow pipe, the air flow from the blow pipe breaks the melt flow discharged from the melting furnace into droplets and blows into the cooling drum.
  • the two ends of the cooling drum have an open structure ,
  • the end of the cooling drum away from the blowpipe is connected with a soot collecting hood, one end of the drum furnace is arranged in the soot collecting hood and connected with the cooling drum, the other end of the drum furnace is connected with a combustion chamber, between the drum furnace and the combustion chamber Sealed connection, the bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a discharge port, and a burner is connected to the combustion chamber.
  • the inner wall of the cooling drum is provided with spiral blades for easy discharging, and a bracket is provided under the cooling drum, and the bracket is provided with a plurality of first supporting wheels and a rotating mechanism for driving the first supporting wheel to rotate.
  • the first geared motor, the cooling drum is placed on a plurality of first supporting wheels, and the first supporting wheels drive the cooling drum to rotate.
  • a tooth-shaped refractory is provided on the inner wall of the drum furnace, the drum furnace is arranged obliquely, the axis of the drum furnace is gradually lowered from the smoke collecting hood to the combustion chamber, and a support is provided under the roller furnace, and the support There is a second reduction motor and a plurality of second supporting wheels.
  • the drum furnace is arranged on the second supporting wheel.
  • the output shaft of the second reduction motor is provided with a driving gear or a sprocket or pin teeth.
  • the outer wall of the drum furnace is sleeved with a driven gear or a chain or a tooth pin which is matched with the driving gear.
  • the refractory material is refractory brick.
  • the outer diameter of the cooling drum is smaller than the inner diameter of the drum furnace, and one end of the cooling drum provided in the dust collecting hood is provided in the drum furnace.
  • the cooling drum and the drum furnace are connected by a chute, and the end of the chute connected with the cooling drum is higher than the end connected with the drum furnace.
  • the first reduction motor and the first supporting wheel are driven by gear meshing or chain belt transmission.
  • fish scales are used for sealing between the drum furnace and the combustion chamber.
  • the sand that has been cooled and formed in the cooling drum enters the drum furnace for heating.
  • the glassy structure in the sand matrix completes the transformation from glass to crystalline mullite under heated conditions, so as to eliminate or reduce the sand matrix.
  • the purpose of the vitreous structure is to reduce the internal stress of the sand, improve the durability and service life of the sand, and ensure the use of the sand and the performance of the casting process.
  • the main function of the dust collecting hood of the present invention is to guide the flow of airflow. On the one hand, it can introduce a large amount of cold air from the left end of the cooling drum to cool the sprayed droplets, and then flow out from the right end of the cooling drum.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the drum furnace
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cooling drum
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cooling drum and the drum furnace.
  • a system for preparing molten ceramic sand includes a melting furnace 2, a cooling drum 3, a smoke collecting hood 4, and a drum furnace 5 for heating.
  • One side of the melting furnace 2 is provided with a blowpipe for blowing material. 1.
  • the blowpipe 1 is connected to the compressed air system with a working pressure of 0.1-0.8 MPa. This is the prior art.
  • the other side of the melting furnace 2 is provided with a cooling drum 3, which is opposite to the blowpipe 1.
  • the outgoing air flow blows the melt stream 201 discharged from the melting furnace 2.
  • the melt is broken into several small droplets under the action of compressed air and blown into the cooling drum 3 along with the air stream.
  • the liquid droplets automatically shrink into a spherical shape under the action of surface tension, and finally solidified into spherical sand particles fall into the cooling drum 3 under the cooling action of air.
  • the two ends of the cooling drum 3 have an open structure to collect sand particles and realize dust control.
  • the end of the cooling drum 3 away from the blowpipe 1 is connected with a soot collecting hood 4, one end of the drum furnace 5 is set in the soot collecting hood and connected with the cooling drum 3, that is, one end of the cooling drum 3 and one end of the drum furnace 5 They are all arranged in the smoke and dust collecting hood 4 and communicate with each other to convey sand.
  • the cooling drum 3 conveys the material into the drum furnace 5 during the rotation process.
  • the other end of the drum furnace 5 is connected with a combustion chamber 6, and the drum furnace 5 is connected to the combustion chamber.
  • the chambers 6 are sealed and connected.
  • the hot air in the combustion chamber 6 enters the drum furnace 5 to heat the sand.
  • the bottom of the combustion chamber 6 is provided with a discharge port 601.
  • the sand is heated in the drum furnace 5 and passes through the drum furnace 5.
  • the sand is rotated to transport the sand into the combustion chamber 6 and discharged from the discharge port 601.
  • a burner 7 is connected to the combustion chamber 6, and the combustion chamber 6 ensures sufficient combustion and uniform heat distribution.
  • the main function of the dust collecting hood 4 is to guide the airflow. On the one hand, it can introduce a large amount of cold air from the left end of the cooling drum 3 to cool the sprayed droplets, and then flow out from the right end of the cooling drum 3. Flow out from the dust collecting hood 4 to realize the solidification and forming of the sand in a controllable environment; on the other hand, guide the hot air flow in the combustion chamber 6 to flow from right to left and out of the dust collecting hood 4, forming from the left in the drum furnace 5.
  • the temperature gradually rises to the right and the temperature field distribution close to the 6th section of the combustion chamber achieves controllable heating of the sand, improves the heating effect, and facilitates the sand to achieve a uniform crystal phase transformation;
  • the outlet of the smoke collection hood 4 is connected to the smoke and dust treatment
  • the system carries out exhaust gas treatment to achieve up-to-standard emission for dust reduction and sulfur removal to meet the emission standards;
  • the sand cooled and formed in the cooling drum 3 enters the drum furnace 5 for heating, and the glassy structure in the sand matrix is heated under heating conditions.
  • the glassy state is transformed to crystalline mullite to achieve the purpose of eliminating or reducing the vitreous structure in the sand matrix, reducing the internal stress of the sand, improving the durability and service life of the sand, and ensuring the use and casting process of the sand performance.
  • the inner wall of the cooling drum 3 is provided with spiral blades 304 for easy discharging, and a bracket 302 is provided under the cooling drum 3.
  • the bracket 302 is provided with a plurality of first supporting wheels 301 and a driving section.
  • a first geared motor 303 that rotates with a supporting wheel 301.
  • the first supporting wheel 301 is arranged in two rows, and the number of each row is two.
  • the two rows of the first supporting wheel 301 are connected by a connecting shaft, and the cooling drum 3 lies flat.
  • the cooling drum 3 is supported by the first supporting wheel 301, and the first supporting wheel 301 is frictionally connected with the cooling drum 3, and the first supporting wheel 301 is driven by friction
  • the cooling drum 3 rotates, wherein the first reduction motor 303 and the first supporting wheel 301 can be geared or chain belt transmission.
  • the chain belt transmission is adopted, and a chain is provided on the output shaft of the first reduction motor 303.
  • Pulleys one end of one of the first supporting wheels 301 is connected with a chain belt wheel, a chain belt is sleeved between the two chain belt wheels, and the first reduction motor 303 drives the first supporting wheel 301 to rotate through the chain drive belt to cool down During the rotation of the drum 3, the sand is transported into the drum furnace 5 through the spiral blades 304 on the inner wall.
  • a tooth-shaped refractory material 505 is provided on the inner wall of the drum furnace 5.
  • the refractory material 505 is made of refractory bricks, and uneven refractory bricks are laid on the inner wall of the drum furnace 5. It is used to raise sand.
  • the drum furnace 5 is installed obliquely, and the axis of the drum furnace 5 is gradually lowered from the smoke collecting hood 4 to the combustion chamber 6, which is convenient for conveying sand.
  • a support 502 is provided under the roller furnace 5, and the support 502 is provided There are a second reduction motor 504 and a plurality of second supporting wheels 501. The arrangement of the second supporting wheel 501 is the same as that of the first supporting wheel 301.
  • the drum furnace 5 is set on the second supporting wheel 501.
  • the output of the second reduction motor 504 The shaft is provided with a driving gear or sprocket or pin teeth, and the outer wall of the drum furnace 5 is sleeved with a driven gear or chain or tooth pin 503 matched with it.
  • the second reduction motor 504 drives the drum furnace 5 to rotate ,
  • the drum furnace 5 rotates stably under the support of the second supporting wheel 501,
  • the sealing method between the drum furnace 5 and the combustion chamber 6 has various forms, such as fish scale seal, baffle seal, etc.
  • the drum furnace 5 and the combustion chamber 6 are sealed by fish scales.
  • connection mode of the cooling drum 3 and the drum furnace 5 in this embodiment is:
  • the outer diameter of the cooling drum 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the drum furnace 5.
  • the end of the cooling drum 3 arranged in the dust collecting hood 4 is set in the drum furnace 5, that is, one end of the cooling drum 3 extends into the drum furnace 5 for a short period of time to ensure cooling
  • the sand in the drum 3 can enter the drum furnace 5, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the cooling drum 3 and the inner wall of the drum furnace 5, so that the airflow can enter the soot collecting cover 4.
  • connection method of the cooling drum 3 and the drum furnace 5 different from that in the first embodiment is adopted, and the specific connection form is:
  • the cooling drum 3 and the drum furnace 5 are connected by a chute 8.
  • the end of the chute 8 connected to the cooling drum 3 is higher than the end connected to the drum furnace 5, the chute 8 is inclined, and one end of the chute 8 is located in the cooling
  • the bottom of the discharge end of the drum 3 is used to receive sand.
  • the other end of the chute 8 is set in the drum furnace 5 to transport the sand to the inside of the drum furnace 5.
  • the bottom of the chute 8 is connected and fixed with the smoke collection cover 4 by a fixed rod, thereby The sand is conveyed from the cooling drum 3 to the drum furnace 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，包括熔化炉，所述熔化炉的一侧设有用于吹料的吹管，还包括冷却滚筒、烟尘收集罩和用于加热的滚筒炉，所述熔化炉的另一侧设有冷却滚筒，从吹管出来的气流将从熔化炉内排出的熔体流破碎成液滴并吹入冷却滚筒内，冷却滚筒的两端为开口结构，冷却滚筒远离吹管的一端连有烟尘收集罩，所述滚筒炉的一端设于烟尘收集罩内并与冷却滚筒连通，所述滚筒炉的另一端连有燃烧室，滚筒炉与燃烧室之间密封连接，燃烧室的底部设有出料口，所述燃烧室上连有燃烧器。砂子基体中的玻璃态组织在受热条件下完成从玻璃态向晶态莫来石转变，减小了砂子的内应力，提高了砂子的抗破碎性及工艺保证了砂子的使用性能。

Description

一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统 技术领域
本发明涉及人造铸造砂制备技术领域，具体为一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统。
背景技术
砂型铸造是铸造生产的主要工艺方法，由砂型铸造工艺生产的铸件占铸件总产量的80％以上。砂子是砂型铸造中形成铸型和芯子的骨料，是重要的砂型铸造用造型材料，它的物理和化学性能决定了其铸造工艺性能，影响着铸件的质量。铸造行业砂型铸造所用的原砂主要是石英砂，但由于其热膨胀性大，在金属氧化物作用下热化学稳定性差，铸件易产生粘砂、脉纹、表面粗糙等铸造缺陷，因此，石英砂不是理想的铸造用造型材料。为了满足生产高端铸件的要求，在铸造生产过程中有时不得不采用锆砂、铬铁矿砂、镁橄榄石砂等特种砂来代替石英砂进行造型或制芯。特种砂资源短缺，价格昂贵，难以大量采用，并且锆砂存在放射性安全隐患，铬铁矿砂、镁橄榄石砂存在粒形不好，破碎率高等问题。为了破解铸造砂给铸造生产带来的难题，人造铸造砂应运而生。
陶瓷砂是最常用的人造铸造砂，按其制造工艺可以分为烧结型陶瓷铸造砂和熔融型陶瓷铸造砂，其中熔融型陶瓷铸造砂是将制砂用原材料熔融，利用压缩空气对其进行喷吹，使其破碎、冷却后而获得的接近球形，表面光洁的砂粒。
由于熔融陶瓷砂是在压缩空气对熔融制砂材料进行喷吹过程中快速冷却而形成的，现有的制备技术获得的陶瓷砂粒中存在大量的玻璃态组织，增加了砂子的内应力，影响到砂子的耐用重复使用性和铸造工艺性能。
发明内容
本发明就是针对现有技术存在的上述不足，提供一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，砂子基体中的玻璃态组织在受热条件下完成从玻璃态向晶态莫来石转变， 以达到消除或减少砂粒基体中玻璃态组织的目的，减小了砂子的内应力，提高砂子耐用性强度与使用寿命，保证了砂子的使用和铸造工艺性能的目的。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，包括熔化炉，所述熔化炉的一侧设有用于吹料的吹管，还包括冷却滚筒、烟尘收集罩和用于加热的滚筒炉，所述熔化炉的另一侧设有冷却滚筒，所述冷却滚筒与吹管位置相对，从吹管出来的气流将从熔化炉内排出的熔体流破碎成液滴并吹入冷却滚筒内，冷却滚筒的两端为开口结构，冷却滚筒远离吹管的一端连有烟尘收集罩，所述滚筒炉的一端设于烟尘收集罩内并与冷却滚筒连通，所述滚筒炉的另一端连有燃烧室，滚筒炉与燃烧室之间密封连接，燃烧室的底部设有出料口，所述燃烧室上连有燃烧器。
优选的，所述冷却滚筒的内壁上设有便于出料的螺旋叶片，所述冷却滚筒的下方设有支架，所述支架上设有多个第一托轮和与驱动第一托轮转动的第一减速电机，所述冷却滚筒平放在多个第一托轮上，第一托轮带动冷却滚筒转动。
优选的，所述滚筒炉的内壁上设有齿状的耐火材料，滚筒炉倾斜设置，滚筒炉的轴线由烟尘收集罩向燃烧室逐渐降低，滚筒炉的下方设有支座，所述支座上设有第二减速电机和多个第二托轮，所述滚筒炉设于第二托轮上，所述第二减速电机的输出轴上设有主动齿轮或链轮或销齿，所述滚筒炉的外壁上套有与主动齿轮配合的从动齿轮或链条或齿销。
优选的，所述耐火材料采用耐火砖。
优选的，所述冷却滚筒的外径小于滚筒炉的内径，冷却滚筒设于烟尘收集罩内的一端设于滚筒炉内。
优选的，所述冷却滚筒与滚筒炉之间通过溜槽连接，所述溜槽与冷却滚筒连接的一端高于与滚筒炉连接的一端。
优选的，所述第一减速电机与第一托轮之间通过齿轮啮合或链皮带传动。
优选的，所述滚筒炉与燃烧室之间采用鱼鳞片密封。
与现有技术相比，发明的有益效果是：
1、在冷却滚筒内被冷却成型的砂子进入到滚筒炉内进行加热，砂子基体中的玻璃态组织在受热条件下完成从玻璃态向晶态莫来石转变，以达到消除或减少砂粒基体中玻璃态组织的目的，减小了砂子的内应力，提高了砂子的耐用性强度与使用寿命，保证了砂子的使用和铸造工艺性能。
2、本发明的烟尘收集罩主要作用是用来引导气流流向，一方面，能够从冷却滚筒的左端引入大量的冷空气，对喷吹后的液滴进行冷却，然后从冷却滚筒的右端流出并从烟尘收集罩流出，实现了熔融陶瓷砂在可控环境下利于凝固成型；另一方面引导燃烧室内的热气流从右向左流动并从烟尘收集罩流出，在滚筒炉内形成自左至右温度逐渐升高然后在接近燃烧室段温度恒定的温度场分布，实现对砂子的可控加热，提高加热效果，有利砂子实现均匀的晶相转变。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图；
图2为滚筒炉的断面图；
图3为冷却滚筒的断面图；
图4为冷却滚筒与滚筒炉的连接结构示意图。
图中：1-吹管；2-熔化炉；201-熔体流；3-冷却滚筒；301-第一托轮；302-支架；303-第一减速电机；304-螺旋叶片；4-烟尘收集罩；5-滚筒炉；501-第二托轮；502-支座；503-从动齿轮；504-第二减速电机；505-耐火材料；6-燃烧室；601-出料口；7-燃烧器；8-溜槽。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一，
如图1所示，一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，包括熔化炉2、冷却滚筒3、 烟尘收集罩4和用于加热的滚筒炉5，熔化炉2的一侧设有用于吹料的吹管1，吹管1连接压缩空气系统其工作压力为0.1-0.8兆帕的气流，此为现有技术，熔化炉2的另一侧设有冷却滚筒3，冷却滚筒与吹管1位置相对，从吹管1出来的气流对从熔化炉2内排出的熔体流201进行喷吹，在压缩空气的作用下溶体被破碎成若干个小的液滴并随空气流吹入冷却滚筒3内，在此过程中，液滴在表面张力作用下自动收缩成球状，最终在空气的冷却作用下凝固成球形的砂粒落在冷却滚筒3中，冷却滚筒3的两端为开口结构，用来收集砂粒，实现粉尘控制，防止飞扬，冷却滚筒3远离吹管1的一端连有烟尘收集罩4，滚筒炉5的一端设于烟尘收集罩内并与冷却滚筒3连通，即，冷却滚筒3的一端与滚筒炉5的一端均设于烟尘收集罩4内并相互连通，用来输送砂粒，冷却滚筒3在转动过程中将物料输送至滚筒炉5内，滚筒炉5的另一端连有燃烧室6，滚筒炉5与燃烧室6之间密封连接，燃烧室6内的热气流进入滚筒炉5内对砂子进行加热，燃烧室6的底部设有出料口601，砂子在滚筒炉5内被加热，通过滚筒炉5的转动将砂子输送至燃烧室6内，并由出料口601排出，燃烧室6上连有燃烧器7，燃烧室6确保燃烧充分与热量的均匀分布。
其中烟尘收集罩4的主要作用是用来引导气流流向，一方面，能够从冷却滚筒3的左端引入大量的冷空气，对喷吹后的液滴进行冷却，然后从冷却滚筒3的右端流出并从烟尘收集罩4流出，实现砂子在可控制环境下的凝固成型；另一方面引导燃烧室6内的热气流从右向左流动并从烟尘收集罩4流出，在滚筒炉5内形成自左至右温度逐渐升高然后在接近燃烧室6段温度恒定的温度场分布，实现对砂子的可控加热，提高加热效果，有利砂子实现均匀的晶相转变；烟尘收集罩4的出口连接烟尘处理系统，进行尾气处理，实现达标排放用来降尘除硫达到排放标准；在冷却滚筒3内被冷却成型的砂子进入到滚筒炉5内进行加热，砂子基体中的玻璃态组织在受热条件下完成从玻璃态向晶态莫来石转变，以达到消除或减少砂粒基体中玻璃态组织的目的，减小了砂子的内应力，提高砂子的耐用性强度与使用寿命，保证了砂子的使用和铸造工艺性能。
进一步的，如图3所示，冷却滚筒3的内壁上设有便于出料的螺旋叶片304，冷却滚筒3的下方设有支架302，支架302上设有多个第一托轮301和驱动第一托轮301转动的第一减速电机303，第一托轮301设置两排，每一排的数量为两个，两排第一托轮301之间通过连接轴连接，冷却滚筒3平放在每一排的两个第一托轮301之间，通过第一托轮301将冷却滚筒3托起，第一托轮301与冷却滚筒3之间摩擦连接，第一托轮301通过摩擦力带动冷却滚筒3转动，其中第一减速电机303与第一托轮301之间可以通过齿轮啮合或链皮带传动，在本实施例中采用链皮带传动，在第一减速电机303的输出轴上设置链带轮，在其中一个第一托轮301的一端连接一个链带轮，两个链带轮之间套有链条皮带，第一减速电机303通过链传动驱皮带带动第一托轮301转动，冷却滚筒3在转动的过程中，通过内壁的螺旋叶片304将砂子输送至滚筒炉5内。
如图2所示，在滚筒炉5的内壁上设有齿状的耐火材料505，在本实施例中，耐火材料505采用耐火砖，在滚筒炉5的内壁上砌上高低不平的耐火砖，用来扬砂，另外滚筒炉5倾斜设置，滚筒炉5的轴线由烟尘收集罩4向燃烧室6逐渐降低，便于输送砂子，在滚筒炉5的下方设有支座502，支座502上设有第二减速电机504和多个第二托轮501，第二托轮501的布置方式与第一托轮301相同，滚筒炉5设于第二托轮501上，第二减速电机504的输出轴上设有主动齿轮或链轮或销齿，滚筒炉5的外壁上套有与之配合的从动齿轮或链条或齿销503，通过彼此齿轮啮合，第二减速电机504带动滚筒炉5转动，滚筒炉5在第二托轮501的支撑下稳定转动，
另外，滚筒炉5与燃烧室6之间的密封方式有多种形式，例如鱼鳞片密封、挡板密封等，在本实施例中，滚筒炉5与燃烧室6之间采用鱼鳞片密封。
冷却滚筒3与滚筒炉5的连接方式，在本实施例中为：
冷却滚筒3的外径小于滚筒炉5的内径，冷却滚筒3设于烟尘收集罩4内的一端设于滚筒炉5内，即冷却滚筒3的一端伸入到滚筒炉5内一小段，保证冷却滚筒3内的砂子能够进入滚筒炉5内即可，且冷却滚筒3的外壁与滚筒炉 5的内壁之间设有间隙，便于气流能够进入烟尘收集罩4。
实施例二，
在本实施例中，采用不同于实施例一的冷却滚筒3与滚筒炉5的连接方式，具体连接形式为：
如图4所示，冷却滚筒3与滚筒炉5之间通过溜槽8连接，溜槽8与冷却滚筒3连接的一端高于与滚筒炉5连接的一端，溜槽8倾斜设置，溜槽8的一端位于冷却滚筒3的出料端的下方，用来盛接砂子，溜槽8的另一端设于滚筒炉5内，将砂子输送至滚筒炉5内部，溜槽8底部通过固定杆与烟尘收集罩4连接固定，从而实现将砂子从冷却滚筒3输送至滚筒炉5内。
本实施例的其余结构均与实施例一相同。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，包括熔化炉，所述熔化炉的一侧设有用于吹料的吹管，其特征在于：还包括冷却滚筒、烟尘收集罩和用于加热的滚筒炉，所述熔化炉的另一侧设有冷却滚筒，所述冷却滚筒与吹管位置相对，从吹管出来的气流将从熔化炉内排出的熔体流破碎成液滴并吹入冷却滚筒内，冷却滚筒的两端为开口结构，冷却滚筒远离吹管的一端连有烟尘收集罩，所述滚筒炉的一端设于烟尘收集罩内并与冷却滚筒连通，所述滚筒炉的另一端连有燃烧室，滚筒炉与燃烧室之间密封连接，燃烧室的底部设有出料口，所述燃烧室上连有燃烧器。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，其特征在于：所述冷却滚筒的内壁上设有便于出料的螺旋叶片，所述冷却滚筒的下方设有支架，所述支架上设有多个第一托轮和与驱动第一托轮转动的第一减速电机，所述冷却滚筒平放在多个第一托轮上，第一托轮带动冷却滚筒转动。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，其特征在于：所述滚筒炉的内壁上设有齿状的耐火材料，滚筒炉倾斜设置，滚筒炉的轴线由烟尘收集罩向燃烧室逐渐降低，滚筒炉的下方设有支座，所述支座上设有第二减速电机和多个第二托轮，所述滚筒炉设于第二托轮上，所述第二减速电机的输出轴上设有主动齿轮，所述滚筒炉的外壁上套有与主动齿轮配合的从动齿轮。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，其特征在于：所述耐火材料采用耐火砖。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，其特征在于：所述冷却滚筒的外径小于滚筒炉的内径，冷却滚筒设于烟尘收集罩内的一端设于滚筒炉内。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，其特征在于：所述冷却滚筒与滚筒炉之间通过溜槽连接，所述溜槽与冷却滚筒连接的一端高于与滚筒炉连接的一端。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，其特征在于：所述第一减速电机与第一托轮之间通过齿轮啮合或链皮带传动。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种熔融陶瓷砂的制备系统，其特征在于：所述滚筒炉与燃烧室之间采用鱼鳞片密封。
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