WO2021114752A1 - 一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2021114752A1
WO2021114752A1 PCT/CN2020/113247 CN2020113247W WO2021114752A1 WO 2021114752 A1 WO2021114752 A1 WO 2021114752A1 CN 2020113247 W CN2020113247 W CN 2020113247W WO 2021114752 A1 WO2021114752 A1 WO 2021114752A1
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flame
retardant
cable material
parts
polyethylene cable
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PCT/CN2020/113247
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English (en)
French (fr)
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洪森林
刘红福
徐露露
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上海凯波特种电缆料厂有限公司
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Publication of WO2021114752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021114752A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
    • C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, and more specifically to a flame-retardant polyethylene cable material that can be burned into carbon.
  • Polyethylene has excellent electrical insulation, low temperature resistance, easy processing and molding, excellent chemical stability and dielectric constant, and is widely used in the fields of films, daily necessities, pipes, and wires and cables.
  • flame-retardant polyethylene As people's requirements for the performance of plastic products increase, the research and application of flame-retardant polyethylene have developed rapidly. Early research on flame-retardant polyethylene mostly used halogenated flame retardants. This type of flame retardant has the advantages of good flame retardant effect and low addition amount, but it releases toxic and corrosive hydrogen halide gas during combustion, which is easy to cause Second disaster.
  • halogen-free flame retardants such as the commonly used red phosphorus, phosphorus-nitrogen-based intumescent resistance Burning agent and inorganic hydroxide flame retardant, etc.
  • Al(OH) 3 and Mg(OH) 2 are currently recognized as having flame retardant, It is a flame retardant with three functions of suppressing smoke and filling. It is inexpensive and has a wide range of sources. However, a large amount of filling is required, which leads to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the cable material and poor processing performance.
  • Mg(OH) 2 is a synergistic flame retardant with synergistic flame retardant effect.
  • Common flame retardant synergists are red phosphorus and phosphorus nitrogen compounds, but the effect is not significant during use.
  • the present invention provides a flame-retardant polyethylene cable material that can be burned into carbon and a preparation method thereof, which effectively solves the problem that the cable material in the prior art cannot have both flame-retardant, mechanical properties and processing properties.
  • a flame-retardant polyethylene cable material comprising the following parts by weight:
  • the polyethylene resin is linear low-density polyethylene, with a melt index of (2-5) g/10 min at 190°C and 2.16 kg, and a melting point of 120 °C-130°C, tensile breaking strength ⁇ 30Mpa.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the limitation of the polyethylene resin can ensure the good processing fluidity and mechanical properties of the material.
  • the propylene-ethylene copolymer is a substance polymerized with propylene as the main chain and ethylene as the branched chain.
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is (5-10)g/10min, tensile breaking strength ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the limitation of the propylene-ethylene copolymer can ensure the excellent mechanical properties of the material.
  • the compatibilizer is propylene-ethylene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride, wherein the melt index of the propylene-ethylene copolymer at 190°C and 2.16kg is ( 2-5) g/10min, tensile elongation at break ⁇ 800%.
  • the beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: improving the compatibility between the flame retardant and the resin, and improving the anti-cracking performance of the material.
  • the carbon black master batch comprises 40-50% carbon black and 50-60% carrier by weight percentage;
  • the carrier is polyethylene resin, the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is (18-25) g/10min, the melting point is 120°C-130°C, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the carbon black master batch prepared with the above weight parts of carbon black and the carrier has good dispersibility of the carbon black and does not agglomerate.
  • the flame retardant is an inorganic flame retardant, and the inorganic flame retardant is any one of magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide or a mixture of both .
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the addition of the above inorganic flame retardant can ensure that the material has basic flame retardant performance.
  • the flame-retardant synergist is any one or a mixture of red phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate, and melamine cyanurate.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the flame retardant synergist can improve the self-extinguishing performance, shelling effect and flame retardant effect of the material.
  • the shell-forming agent is any one or a mixture of two of modified nano-montmorillonite and white carbon black.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the shell-forming agent can ensure that the material has basic shell-forming properties.
  • the antioxidant is composed of dilauryl thiodipropionate in a weight ratio of 1:1: (0.2-0.5), polybasic hindered phenol and tris (2 , 4-Di-tert-butyl) phenyl phosphite composition.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is to ensure the thermal aging performance of the material under the premise of ensuring that the antioxidant does not precipitate.
  • the lubricant is selected from one or a combination of calcium stearate and polyethylene wax.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the addition of lubricant can improve the extrusion speed and surface gloss of the material.
  • the invention also discloses a preparation method of the flame-retardant polyethylene cable material, which comprises the following steps:
  • step 2) Put the mixture obtained in step 1) into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion granulation and drying to obtain.
  • the rotation speed of the high-speed mixer is 200 rpm-1500 rpm, and the mixing time is 8 min-10 min. It is further preferred that the rotation speed of the high-speed mixing is 600 rpm-1200 rpm.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it can make the dispersion of various materials more uniform.
  • the twin-screw extruder in step (2) is a twin-screw extruder granulator of feeding extrusion granulation mixing type, twin-screw extruder
  • the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 145°C-190°C;
  • the drying temperature is 70°C-85°C, and the drying time is 1-2 hours.
  • the beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the material can be dried more thoroughly without agglomeration.
  • the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is set as follows: the feeding section 145°C-150°C, the mixing section 155°C-175°C, and the extrusion
  • the pellet section is 180°C-190°C
  • the head part is 170°C-180°C.
  • the material extruded in stages has good plasticization and stable performance.
  • the present disclosure provides a flame-retardant polyethylene cable material and a preparation method thereof.
  • a shell-forming agent can make the surface of the cable form a shell during combustion, which greatly improves the polyethylene
  • the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant is reduced, the flame retardant polyethylene prepared has good mechanical properties, and the extrusion surface is smooth and the extrusion speed is faster; and the prepared cable material has good flame retardancy At the same time of performance, it also has good mechanical properties and processing properties.
  • a flame-retardant polyethylene cable material that can be burned into carbon. Its raw material components and parts by weight are as follows:
  • the polyethylene resin is linear low-density polyethylene
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 2g/10min
  • the melting point is 130°C
  • the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 30Mpa.
  • the propylene-ethylene copolymer is based on propylene as the main chain and ethylene as the branched chain.
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 6g/10min, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 20Mpa.
  • the polyethylene resin carrier is polyethylene resin, the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 20g/10min, the melting point is 126°C, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the preparation method of flame-retardant polyethylene cable material for cables is as follows:
  • step 2) Put the material obtained in step 1) into a twin-screw extruder granulator of feeding extrusion granulation mixing type, extruding granulation and drying, feeding section 150°C, mixing section 165°C, extruding
  • the granulation section is 180°C
  • the head part is 180°C
  • the drying temperature is 70°C
  • the drying time is 2 hours.
  • a flame-retardant polyethylene cable material that can be burned into carbon. Its raw material components and parts by weight are as follows:
  • the polyethylene resin is linear low-density polyethylene
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 5g/10min
  • the melting point is 125°C
  • the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 30Mpa.
  • the propylene-ethylene copolymer is based on propylene as the main chain and ethylene as the branched chain.
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 8g/10min, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the polyethylene resin carrier is polyethylene resin, the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 25g/10min, the melting point is 126°C, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the preparation method of flame-retardant polyethylene cable material for cables is as follows:
  • step 2) Put the material obtained in step 1) into a twin-screw extruder granulator of feeding extrusion granulation mixing type, extruding granulation and drying, feeding section 145°C, mixing section 155°C, extruding
  • the granulation section is 180°C
  • the head part is 170°C
  • the drying temperature is 80°C
  • the drying time is 2 hours.
  • a flame-retardant polyethylene cable material that can be burned into carbon. Its raw material components and parts by weight are as follows:
  • the polyethylene resin is linear low-density polyethylene
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 5g/10min
  • the melting point is 128°C
  • the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 30Mpa.
  • the propylene-ethylene copolymer is based on propylene as the main chain and ethylene as the branched chain.
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 6g/10min, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the polyethylene resin carrier is polyethylene resin, the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 25g/10min, the melting point is 123°C, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the preparation method of flame-retardant polyethylene cable material for cables is as follows:
  • step 2) Put the material obtained in step 1) into a twin-screw extruder granulator of feeding extrusion granulation mixing type, extruding granulation and drying, feeding section 150°C, mixing section 160°C, extruding
  • the granulation section is 190°C
  • the head part is 170°C
  • the drying temperature is 85°C
  • the drying time is 1.5 hours.
  • a flame-retardant polyethylene cable material for cables, the raw material components and parts by weight are as follows:
  • the polyethylene resin is linear low-density polyethylene
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 5g/10min
  • the melting point is 122°C
  • the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 30Mpa.
  • the propylene-ethylene copolymer is based on propylene as the main chain and ethylene as the branched chain.
  • the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 9g/10min, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the polyethylene resin carrier is a polyethylene resin, the melt index at 190°C and 2.16kg is 18g/10min, the melting point is 126°C, and the tensile breaking strength is ⁇ 12Mpa.
  • the preparation method of flame-retardant polyethylene cable material for cables is as follows:
  • step 2) Put the material obtained in step 1) into a twin-screw extruder granulator for feeding, extruding, granulating and mixing, extruding, granulating and drying, at 150°C in the feeding section, 170°C in the mixing section, and extrude
  • the granulation section is 190°C
  • the head part is 180°C
  • the drying temperature is 75°C
  • the drying time is 2 hours.
  • the cable materials prepared in Examples 1-4 were subjected to performance tests in accordance with relevant national standards, and the relevant performance results obtained are shown in Table 1.
  • the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial use value.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，由以下重量份计的原料组成：聚乙烯树脂50-70份、丙烯-乙烯共聚物10-30份、相容剂10-20份、炭黑母料5-6份、阻燃剂50-60份、阻燃协效剂10-25份、成壳剂5-10份、抗氧剂0.8-1.5份、润滑剂1-2份，以及提供了上述材料的制备方法。与传统的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料相比，成壳剂的加入可以使电缆在燃烧时表面成壳，大大提高了聚乙烯的阻燃性能，降低了阻燃剂的添加量，制备的阻燃聚乙烯具有很好的机械性能，而且挤出表面光滑、挤出速度更快。

Description

一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电缆料技术领域，更具体的说是涉及一种可以燃烧成碳的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料。
背景技术
聚乙烯(PE)具有优良的电绝缘性，耐低温性、易加工成型、优异的化学稳定性和介电常数，在薄膜、日用品、管材和电线电缆领域得到广泛应用。随着人们对塑料产品性能要求的提高，阻燃聚乙烯的研究和应用得到迅速发展。早期的阻燃聚乙烯研究多采用有卤的阻燃剂，这类阻燃剂具有阻燃效果好、添加量低的优点，但是在燃烧时释放出有毒有腐蚀性的卤化氢气体，容易造成二次灾害。随着消防及安全环保概念提高，国内外开始对低烟、低毒的阻燃聚乙烯进行研究，这就使得无卤阻燃剂重新得到重视，比如常用的红磷、磷氮系膨胀型阻燃剂以及无机氢氧化物阻燃剂等。
目前对国内外无卤阻燃聚乙烯的研究，一般采用Al(OH) 3、Mg(OH) 2作为阻燃剂，Al(OH) 3、Mg(OH) 2是当前公认的具有阻燃、抑烟、填充三大功能于一身的阻燃剂，且价格低廉，来源广泛。但是需要大量填充，这导致电缆料 的力学性能下降，加工性能变差。从目前国内外阻燃聚乙烯的研究现状看，单独使用Al(OH) 3、Mg(OH) 2其阻燃性能和力学性能很难同时满足产品的要求，所以必须添加对Al(OH) 3、Mg(OH) 2具有协效阻燃效果的协效阻燃剂。一般的阻燃协效剂为红磷及磷氮化合物，但是在使用过程中效果也不显著。
因此，如何提供一种兼具阻燃、机械性能和加工性能的可以燃烧成碳的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种可以燃烧成碳的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料及其制备方法，有效的解决了现有技术中电缆料不能兼具阻燃、机械性能和加工性能的问题。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，所述电缆料包括如下重量份数的组分：
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000002
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述聚乙烯树脂为线性低密度聚乙烯，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为(2-5)g/10min，熔点为120℃-130℃，拉伸断裂强度≥30Mpa。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：对聚乙烯树脂的限定可以保证材料良好的加工流动性能和机械性能。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述丙烯-乙烯共聚物是以丙烯为主链，乙烯为支链聚合而成的物质，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为(5-10)g/10min，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：对丙烯-乙烯共聚物的限定可以保证材料优异的机械性能。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述相容剂为丙烯-乙烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐，其中丙烯-乙烯共聚物在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为(2-5)g/10min，拉伸断裂伸长率≥800％。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：提高阻燃剂与树脂之间的相容性，提高材料的抗开裂性能。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述炭黑母料按重量百分比计，包括炭黑40-50％和载体50-60％；
所述载体为聚乙烯树脂，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为(18-25)g/10min，熔点为120℃-130℃，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：以上述重量份的炭黑和载体制备的炭黑母料中炭黑分散性好，不团聚。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述阻燃剂为无机阻燃剂，所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化镁或者氢氧化铝中的任意一种或者两种的混合物。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：上述无机阻燃剂的添加可以保证材料具有基本的阻燃性能。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述阻燃协效剂为红磷、聚磷酸铵、氰尿酸三聚氰胺中的任意一种或者几种的混合物。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：阻燃协效剂可以提高材料的自熄性能、成壳效果和阻燃效果。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述成壳剂为改性纳米蒙脱土和白炭黑中的任意一种或者两种的混合物。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：成壳剂可以保证材料具有基本的成壳性能。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述抗氧剂由重量比为1：1：(0.2-0.5)的硫代二丙酸双月桂酯、多元受阻酚和三(2,4-二叔丁基)亚磷酸 苯酯组成。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：在保证抗氧剂不析出的前提下保证材料的热老化性能。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料中，所述润滑剂选自硬脂酸钙和聚乙烯蜡中的一种或组合。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：润滑剂的添加可以改善材料的挤出速度和表面光泽度。
本发明还公开了一种所述阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将各组分按照配比放入高速混合机中混合均匀得到混合物，混合温度为55-75℃；
(2)将步骤1)中所得混合物放入双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒并烘干，即得。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法中，步骤(1)中，所述高速混合机的转速为200rpm-1500rpm，混合时间为8min-10min。进一步优选为所述高速混合的转速为600rpm-1200rpm。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：可以使得各种物料分散更加均匀。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法中，步骤(2)中所述双螺杆挤出机为喂料挤出造粒混炼型双螺杆挤出造粒机，双螺杆挤出机的挤出温度为145℃-190℃；
所述烘干温度为70℃-85℃，烘干时间为1-2小时。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：使得物料干燥更加彻底，并且不会结块。
优选的，在上述一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法中，所述双螺杆挤出机的温度设置为：加料段145℃-150℃，混料段155℃-175℃，挤出造粒段180℃-190℃，机头部分170℃-180℃。
上述技术方案的有益效果是：分阶段挤出的材料塑化好，性能稳定。
以及一种所述阻燃聚乙烯电缆料在控制电缆、中低压电缆和超高压电缆防护材料中的应用。
经由上述的技术方案可知，与现有技术相比，本发明公开提供了一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料及其制备方法，成壳剂的加入可以使电缆在燃烧时表面成壳，大大提高聚乙烯的阻燃性能，降低了阻燃剂的添加量，制备的阻燃聚乙烯具有很好的机械性能，而且挤出表面光滑、挤出速度更快；并且制备得到的电缆料在具备良好阻燃性能的同时，还具有良好的机械性能和加工性能。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的 所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种可以燃烧成碳的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其原料组分和重量份如下：
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000003
其中，聚乙烯树脂为线性低密度聚乙烯，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为2g/10min，熔点为130℃，拉伸断裂强度≥30Mpa。
丙烯-乙烯共聚物是以丙烯为主链，乙烯为支链，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为6g/10min，拉伸断裂强度≥20Mpa。
聚乙烯树脂载体为聚乙烯树脂，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为20g/10min，熔点为126℃，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
其中，电缆用阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法如下：
1)将各组分按照配比放入高速混合机中混合均匀，混合温度为55℃，混合时间为10min，高速混合机的转速为800rpm；
2)将步骤1)中所得物料放入喂料挤出造粒混炼型双螺杆挤出造粒机中，挤出造粒并烘干，加料段150℃，混料段165℃，挤出造粒段180℃，机头部分180℃，烘干温度为70℃，烘干时间为2小时。
实施例2
一种可以燃烧成碳的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其原料组分和重量份如下：
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000005
其中，聚乙烯树脂为线性低密度聚乙烯，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为5g/10min，熔点为125℃，拉伸断裂强度≥30Mpa。
丙烯-乙烯共聚物是以丙烯为主链，乙烯为支链，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为8g/10min，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
聚乙烯树脂载体为聚乙烯树脂，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为25g/10min，熔点为126℃，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
其中，电缆用阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法如下：
1)将各组分按照配比放入高速混合机中混合均匀，混合温度为55℃，混合时间为8min，高速混合机的转速为1000rpm；
2)将步骤1)中所得物料放入喂料挤出造粒混炼型双螺杆挤出造粒机中，挤出造粒并烘干，加料段145℃，混料段155℃，挤出造粒段180℃，机头部分170℃，烘干温度为80℃，烘干时间为2小时。
实施例3
一种可以燃烧成碳的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其原料组分和重量份如下：
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000006
其中，聚乙烯树脂为线性低密度聚乙烯，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为5g/10min，熔点为128℃，拉伸断裂强度≥30Mpa。
丙烯-乙烯共聚物是以丙烯为主链，乙烯为支链，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为6g/10min，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
聚乙烯树脂载体为聚乙烯树脂，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为25g/10min，熔点为123℃，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
其中，电缆用阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法如下：
1)将各组分按照配比放入高速混合机中混合均匀，混合温度为55℃，混合时间为10min，高速混合机的转速为1200rpm；
2)将步骤1)中所得物料放入喂料挤出造粒混炼型双螺杆挤出造粒机中，挤出造粒并烘干，加料段150℃，混料段160℃，挤出造粒段190℃，机头部分170℃，烘干温度为85℃，烘干时间为1.5小时。
实施例4
一种电缆用阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其原料组分和重量份如下：
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000008
其中，聚乙烯树脂为线性低密度聚乙烯，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为5g/10min，熔点为122℃，拉伸断裂强度≥30Mpa。
丙烯-乙烯共聚物是以丙烯为主链，乙烯为支链，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为9g/10min，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
聚乙烯树脂载体为聚乙烯树脂，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为18g/10min，熔点为126℃，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
其中，电缆用阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法如下：
1)将各组分按照配比放入高速混合机中混合均匀，混合温度为55℃，混合时间为10min，高速混合机的转速为1200rpm；
2)将步骤1)中所得物料放入喂料挤出造粒混炼型双螺杆挤出造粒机中，挤出造粒并烘干，加料段150℃，混料段170℃，挤出造粒段190℃，机头部分180℃，烘干温度为75℃，烘干时间为2小时。
将实施例1-4制得的电缆料分别按照相关国家标准进行性能测试，所得相关性能结果如表1。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-000009
由表1可以看出，上述各实施例所制备的电缆料通过了成束A类燃烧试验，燃烧后电缆表面护套成壳不脱落，而且挤出速度都在30m/min以上，远高于目前市场上产品的挤出速度。
综上所述，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具有较高的产业利用价值。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其特征在于，所述电缆料包括如下重量份数的组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020113247-appb-100001
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其特征在于，所述聚乙烯树脂为线性低密度聚乙烯，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为(2-5)g/10min，熔点为120℃-130℃，拉伸断裂强度≥30Mpa；
    所述丙烯-乙烯共聚物是以丙烯为主链，乙烯为支链聚合而成的物质，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为(5-10)g/10min，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其特征在于，所述相容剂为丙烯-乙烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐，其中丙烯-乙烯共聚物在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为(2-5)g/10min，拉伸断裂伸长率≥800％；
    所述抗氧剂由重量比为1：1：(0.2-0.5)的硫代二丙酸双月桂酯、多元受阻酚和三(2,4-二叔丁基)亚磷酸苯酯组成。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其特征在于，所述炭黑母料按重量百分比计，包括炭黑50-60％和载体40-50％；
    其中，所述载体为聚乙烯树脂，在190℃和2.16kg下的熔融指数为(18-25)g/10min，熔点为120-130℃，拉伸断裂强度≥12Mpa。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂为无机阻燃剂，所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化镁或者氢氧化铝中的任意一种或者两种的混合物；
    所述阻燃协效剂为红磷、聚磷酸铵、氰尿酸三聚氰胺中的任意一种或者几种的混合物；
    所述成壳剂为改性纳米蒙脱土和白炭黑中的任意一种或者两种的混合物；
    所述润滑剂选自硬脂酸钙和聚乙烯蜡中的一种或组合。
  6. 一种权利要求1-5任一项所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)将各组分按照配比放入高速混合机中混合均匀得到混合物，混合温度为55-75℃；
    (2)将步骤1)中所得混合物放入双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒并烘干，即 得。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述高速混合机的转速为200rpm-1500rpm，混合时间为8min-10min。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中所述双螺杆挤出机为喂料挤出造粒混炼型双螺杆挤出造粒机，双螺杆挤出机的挤出温度为145℃-190℃；
    所述烘干温度为70℃-85℃，烘干时间为1-2小时。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述双螺杆挤出机的温度设置为：加料段145℃-150℃，混料段155℃-175℃，挤出造粒段180℃-190℃，机头部分170℃-180℃。
  10. 一种权利要求1-5任一项所述的阻燃聚乙烯电缆料在控制电缆、中低压电缆和超高压电缆防护材料中的应用。
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