WO2021114667A1 - 一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置及其应用方法 - Google Patents

一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置及其应用方法 Download PDF

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WO2021114667A1
WO2021114667A1 PCT/CN2020/103167 CN2020103167W WO2021114667A1 WO 2021114667 A1 WO2021114667 A1 WO 2021114667A1 CN 2020103167 W CN2020103167 W CN 2020103167W WO 2021114667 A1 WO2021114667 A1 WO 2021114667A1
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membrane
air
flushing
way
fixing plate
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PCT/CN2020/103167
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English (en)
French (fr)
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彭孝天
冯诗愚
江荣杰
潘俊
陈晨
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南京航空航天大学
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Publication of WO2021114667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021114667A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/04—Purification or separation of nitrogen
    • C01B21/0405—Purification or separation processes
    • C01B21/0433—Physical processing only
    • C01B21/0438—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
    • B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B01D2053/221—Devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
    • B01D2256/10—Nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
    • B01D2257/104—Oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
    • B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
    • B64D2013/0603—Environmental Control Systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
    • C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
    • C01B2210/0045—Oxygen

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of aviation systems, and in particular relates to an onboard nitrogen generating device combining air washing and membrane separation and an application method thereof.
  • fuel, oxygen, and ignition sources are their "burning triangle."
  • fuel oil refers to the fuel vapor that evaporates when the fuel is heated, which produces a large amount of hot air during combustion, which will cause a rapid increase in the internal pressure of the fuel tank and cause the fuel tank to explode;
  • the combustion-supporting substance is a certain concentration of oxygen;
  • the ignition source includes Lightning, artillery fire, static sparks, line sparks, heat sources, etc.
  • lightning strikes, fuel pump failures, electrical short circuits, and static sparks causing fires and explosions in fuel tanks are the most serious problems. Therefore, how to improve the fire-proof and explosion-proof capability of the fuel tank has become a research issue of great concern to engineers. In order to meet this need and improve the fire-proof and explosion-proof capability of fuel tanks, a specific measure of fuel tank inerting technology that has been widely adopted-airborne nitrogen generation technology.
  • the invention provides an on-board nitrogen generator combining air flushing and membrane separation and an application method thereof, which effectively increases the oxygen partial pressure difference between the inside and outside of the membrane filament, increases the oxygen permeation rate, and more quickly removes the gas in the membrane filament.
  • the oxygen and nitrogen in the gas are separated, and the air pretreatment is simple.
  • the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, long life, and fast separation speed.
  • An on-board nitrogen generating device combining air flushing and membrane separation, including: flushing air vent pipe, membrane wire, four-way center column, three-way center column, and vent tube fixing plate; the lower end of the four-way center column and the three-way center
  • the upper end of the column is connected, the upper end of the inner cylinder of the four-way central column is connected to the first membrane wire fixing plate, the lower end of the inner cylinder of the four-way central column is connected to the second membrane wire fixing plate; the lower end of the inner cylinder of the three-way central column is connected to the vent pipe for fixing
  • the flushing air vent tube passes through the second membrane wire fixing plate and is located in the four-way center column and the three-way center column.
  • the lower end of the flushing air vent tube is fixed in the tube hole on the vent tube fixing plate, and the flushing air vent tube is in the tee.
  • the tube wall in the center column has no openings, and the tube wall in the four-way center column has multiple openings.
  • the bottom end of the flushing air vent tube is open and the top end is closed; the membrane filament is filled on the inner cylinder surface of the four-way center column and flushed Between the outer cylindrical surfaces of the air vent pipe, and the top and bottom ends of the membrane filaments are respectively fixed by the first membrane filament fixing plate and the second membrane filament fixing plate; the bottom end face of the first head and the top end face of the four-way central column Connected, the top end surface of the second head is connected with the bottom end surface of the three-way center column.
  • the top end of the first membrane wire fixing plate and the top end of the four-way center column are on the same plane; the bottom end of the second membrane wire fixing plate and the bottom end of the four-way center column are on the same plane; flushing air
  • the bottom end of the snorkel and the bottom end of the snorkel fixing plate are on the same plane;
  • the top of the first head is provided with a bleed air outlet connector;
  • the bottom of the second head is provided with a flushing air inlet connector;
  • the upper side of the four-way center column is provided
  • the first flushing air outlet joint, the second flushing air outlet joint is arranged on the other side of the lower part;
  • the bleed air inlet joint is arranged on the side of the three-way central column;
  • the first head and the four-way central column are firmly connected by bolt a;
  • the second head It is tightly connected with the middle column of the three-way through bolt b;
  • An application method of an on-board nitrogen generating device combining air washing and membrane separation includes the following steps:
  • the bleed air flows from the bleed air inlet connector of the three-way central column to the inside of the three-way central column, and then is surrounded by the three-way central column, the flushing air vent pipe, the vent pipe fixing plate and the second membrane wire fixing plate. Gather in space;
  • the flushing air enters the space between the vent tube fixing plate and the second head through the flushing air inlet on the second head, and flows in from the air intake hole of the lower part of the vent tube after it accumulates at the lower part of the vent tube fixing plate;
  • the flushing air flows out from the multiple outlet holes of the flushing air vent pipe located in the central column of the four-way, and after it is mixed with the oxygen permeated from the outside of the membrane filaments, the first flushing air outlet joint and the second air outlet connector on the central column of the four-way are then mixed. 2.
  • the flushing air outlet joint flows out;
  • the nitrogen concentration inside the membrane filament continues to increase, and the nitrogen-rich inert gas flows out of the upper port of the membrane filament and flows to the space between the upper part of the first membrane filament fixing plate and the first head;
  • the present invention provides an on-board nitrogen generating device combining air flushing and membrane separation and an application method thereof.
  • Air flushing auxiliary membrane separation air is a new type of air separation method that expands both sides of the membrane by passing in flushing air. The partial pressure difference of oxygen and nitrogen gas, thereby increasing their separation speed and flow; insert a special flushing air inlet and outlet pipes connected to the outside into the airborne hollow fiber membrane nitrogen production system. After the flushing air is passed in, the air Flush the hollow fiber membrane from the vent tube and flush the hollow fiber membrane horizontally. When the hollow fiber membrane is flushed, the influx of air dilutes the oxygen permeating from the membrane filament and reduces the oxygen concentration outside the membrane filament.
  • the membrane filament The continuous decrease of the external oxygen partial pressure directly leads to the increase of the internal and external partial pressure of the membrane filaments, which increases the oxygen permeability rate and accelerates the oxygen and nitrogen separation, which effectively solves the need for larger intake of airborne hollow fiber membrane devices that are widely used in modern times.
  • Gas pressure, low separation speed, low separation efficiency and other problems, and the device of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, long service life, fast separation speed and the like.
  • Figure 1 is a left side view of the device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front view of the device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a bottom view of the device of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a vertical right cross-sectional view of the present invention.
  • 1-bleed air outlet connector, 2-first head, 3-bolt a 4-first flushing air outlet connector, 5-flushing air vent pipe , 6-membrane wire, 7-four-way center column, 8-second flushing air outlet connector, 9-first membrane wire fixing plate, 10-second membrane wire fixing plate, 11-three-way center column, 12-induction Air inlet connector, 13-vent pipe fixing plate, 14-second head, 15-flushing air inlet connector, 16-bolt b;
  • Figure 5 is a diagram of the vent tube fixing plate assembly of the present invention.
  • an on-board nitrogen generating device combining air flushing and membrane separation includes: flushing air vent tube 5, membrane wire 6, four-way center column 7, three-way center column 11, and vent tube fixing plate 13 ;
  • the lower end of the four-way central column 7 is connected with the upper end of the three-way central column 11, the upper end of the inner cylinder of the four-way central column 7 is connected to the first membrane wire fixing plate 9, and the lower end of the inner cylinder of the four-way central column 7 is connected to the second membrane wire
  • the fixed plate 10; the lower end of the inner cylindrical surface of the three-way center column 11 is connected to the vent tube fixing plate 13, and the flushing air vent tube 5 passes through the second membrane wire fixing plate 10 and is located in the four-way center column and the three-way center column 11, flushing air
  • the lower end of the vent tube 5 is fixed in the tube hole on the vent tube fixing plate 13, and the flushing air vent tube 5 has no openings in the wall of the three-way center column 11, and there are multiple openings in the tube wall of the four-
  • the top end of the first membrane filament fixing plate 9 and the top end of the four-way central pillar 7 are on the same plane; the bottom end of the second membrane filament fixing plate 10 and the bottom end of the four-way central pillar 7 are on the same plane Top; the bottom end of the flushing air vent pipe 5 and the bottom end of the vent pipe fixing plate 13 are on the same plane; the top end of the first head 2 is provided with a bleed air outlet connector 1; the bottom end of the second head 14 is provided with a flushing air inlet connector 15
  • One side of the upper part of the four-way central column 7 is provided with a first flushing air outlet connector 4, and the other side of the lower part is provided with a second flushing air outlet connector 8; the side of the three-way central column 11 is provided with a bleed air inlet connector 12;
  • the second head 14 and the three-way central column 11 are fastened and connected by bolts b16; the first head 2, bolts a3, bolts b16, and flushing air vent pipes 5,
  • the materials used for the through-center pillar 7, the three-way center pillar 11, the vent pipe fixing plate 13, and the second head 14 include genus, plastic and plexiglass; the material used for the membrane filament 6 includes polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PVDF), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
  • the application method of the above-mentioned device is as follows: firstly, the bleed air flows from the bleed air inlet connector 12 of the three-way central column 11 to the inside of the three-way central column 11, and then the three-way central column 11, the flushing air vent tube 5, and the Gather in the space enclosed by the tracheal fixing plate 13 and the second membrane wire fixing plate 10;
  • the flushing air enters the space between the vent pipe fixing plate 13 and the second cover 14 through the flushing air inlet 15 on the second head 14, and it flows from the flush air vent pipe 5 after it accumulates in the lower part of the vent pipe fixing plate 13. Inflow from the lower air inlet;
  • the flushing air flows out from the multiple outlet holes of the flushing air vent pipe 5 located in the four-way central column 7, and after being mixed with the oxygen permeating from the outside of the membrane filament 6, then the first flushing air on the four-way central column 7
  • the outlet joint 4 and the second flushing air outlet joint 8 flow out;
  • the gas flows in a new type of on-board nitrogen generator that combines air flushing and membrane separation technology, and at the same time exchanges heat with the internal components of the device and the external medium.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置及其应用方法，属于航空系统技术领域，有效增大了膜丝内外氧气分压压差，增加了氧气渗透速率，更加快捷地将膜丝内气体中的氧气和氮气分离出来，且空气预处理简单。本发明在经典的机载中空纤维膜制氮装置中插入专门的与外界连通的冲洗空气通气管，通入空气后冲洗中空纤维膜膜丝。在冲洗中空纤维膜的时候，由于空气的冲入，膜丝外的氧分压不断降低，导致膜丝内外压差增大，加速膜丝内氧氮分离。在中空纤维膜分离装置中加入通气管后，提高了氧氮分离效率，加快了氮气的高浓度连续输出，而且空气预处理简单，可直接使用常温常压的环境空气或者飞机座舱环境引气。

Description

一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置及其应用方法 技术领域
本发明属于航空系统技术领域，尤其涉及一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置及其应用方法。
背景技术
对于所有飞机来说，燃油、氧气和点火源就是它们的“燃烧三角形”。其中，燃油是指燃油受热蒸发出来的燃油蒸汽，在燃烧时产生大量热空气，会引起燃油箱内部压力的快速升高而导致燃油箱爆炸；助燃物就是一定量值浓度的氧气；点火源包括雷电、炮火、静电火花、线路打火、热源等。对于所有飞机来说，闪电袭击、油泵故障、电器短路和静电火花引起燃油箱的起火与爆炸都是最为严重的问题。因此，如何提高油箱的防火防爆能力，也就成为了工程师们极为关注的研究问题。为满足该需要，提高燃油箱的防火防爆能力，目前已被大量采用的油箱惰化技术的具体措施——机载制氮技术。
就当前机载制氮技术研究及应用现状而言，它们基本都采用从飞机发动机压气机或者环控系统中引气，并利用膜分离技术对其进行分离，来制取较高浓度的富氮气体。然而现代飞机的机载制氮系统多是从发动机引气生成所需的惰性气体，由于分离效率的限制，所得的氮气浓度受限，因此气体进口需要很大的压力。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置及其应用方法，有效增大了膜丝内外氧气分压压差，增加了氧气渗透速率，更加快捷地将膜丝内气体中的氧气和氮气分离出来，且空气预处理简单，所述装置具有结构简单，安装方便，寿命长，分离速度快的优点。
为实现以上目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，包括：冲洗空气通气管、膜丝、四通中柱、三通中柱、通气管固定板；四通中柱的下端与三通中柱的上端连接，四通中柱内柱面上端连接第一膜丝固定板，四通中柱内柱面下端连接第二膜丝固定板；三通中柱的内柱面下端连接通气管固定板，冲洗空气通气管穿过第二膜丝固定板位于四通 中柱和三通中柱内，冲洗空气通气管下端固定在通气管固定板上的管孔内，冲洗空气通气管在三通中柱内的管壁无开孔，在四通中柱内的管壁有多个开孔，冲洗空气通气管底端开口、顶端封闭；膜丝填充在四通中柱的内柱面和冲洗空气通气管的外柱面之间，且膜丝顶端和底端分别由第一膜丝固定板和第二膜丝固定板固定；第一封头的底端端面与四通中柱的顶端端面连接，第二封头的顶端端面与三通中柱的底端端面连接。
以上所述结构中，第一膜丝固定板的顶端与四通中柱的顶端处于同一平面上；第二膜丝固定板的底端与四通中柱的底端处于同一平面上；冲洗空气通气管的底端与通气管固定板的底端处于同一平面上；第一封头顶端设置引气出口接头；第二封头底端设置冲洗空气入口接头；四通中柱上部的一侧设置第一冲洗空气出口接头，下部另一侧设置第二冲洗空气出口接头；三通中柱侧面设置引气入口接头；第一封头与四通中柱通过螺栓a紧固连接；第二封头与三通中柱通过螺栓b紧固连接；第一封头、螺栓a、螺栓b、冲洗空气通气管、四通中柱、三通中柱、通气管固定板、第二封头采用的材料包含金属、塑料和有机玻璃；膜丝采用的材料包含聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚砜(PSF)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物(ECTFE)、聚乙醚(PPO)。
一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置的应用方法，包括以下步骤：
首先，引气从三通中柱的引气入口接头流到三通中柱的内部，再由三通中柱、冲洗空气通气管、通气管固定板和第二膜丝固定板所围成的空间内聚集；
再从第二膜丝固定板下部的膜丝的下端口流进膜丝内部；
然后，由于膜丝内外氧气分压不同，存在分压差，膜丝内气体中的氧气不断向膜丝外渗透；
同时，冲洗空气经第二封头上的冲洗空气入口进入通气管固定板、第二封头之间的空间，并在通气管固定板下部不断累积之后从冲洗空气通气管下部进气孔流入；
然后，冲洗空气从冲洗空气通气管位于四通中柱内的多个出气孔流出，在与膜丝外部渗透出来的氧气混合之后，再从四通中柱上的第一冲洗空气出口接头和第二冲洗空气出口接头流出；
接着，由于氧气通过膜丝不断渗出，膜丝内部氮气浓度不断增加，富氮的惰性气体从膜丝上端口流出，流至第一膜丝固定板上部和第一封头之间的空间；
最后，富氮惰性气体从第一封头的引气出口接头流出。
有益效果：本发明提供了一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置及其应用方法，空气冲洗辅助膜分离空气是一种新型空气分离方法，通过通入冲洗空气来扩大膜两侧的氧氮气体的分压差，从而增加他们的分离速度和流量；在机载中空纤维膜制氮系统中插入专门的与外界连通的冲洗空气进气管和出气管，通入冲洗空气后，空气从通气管中冲出，横向冲洗中空纤维膜，在冲洗中空纤维膜的时候，由于空气的冲入，稀释了从膜丝内渗透出来的氧气，降低了膜丝外的氧气浓度，因此膜丝外的氧分压不断降低，直接导致膜丝内外分压差增大，增大了氧气的渗透速率，加速氧氮分离，有效解决了现代广泛采用的机载中空纤维膜装置需要较大的进气压力、分离速度较低、分离效率不高等问题，而且本发明的装置具有结构简单，安装方便，寿命长，分离速度快等优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明装置的左视图；
图2为本发明装置的主视图；
图3为本发明装置的仰视图；
图4为本发明竖置的右视剖面图，图中，1-引气出口接头、2-第一封头、3-螺栓a、4-第一冲洗空气出口接头、5-冲洗空气通气管、6-膜丝、7-四通中柱、8-第二冲洗空气出口接头、9-第一膜丝固定板、10-第二膜丝固定板、11-三通中柱、12-引气入口接头、13-通气管固定板、14-第二封头、15-冲洗空气入口接头、16-螺栓b；
图5为本发明通气管固定板组件的图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明：
如图4所示，一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，包括：冲洗空气通气管5、膜丝6、四通中柱7、三通中柱11、通气管固定板13；四通中柱7的下端与三通中柱11的上端连接，四通中柱7内柱面上端连接第一膜丝固定板9，四通中柱7内柱面下端连接第二膜丝固定板10；三通中柱11的内柱面下端连接通气管固定板13，冲洗空气通气管5穿过第二膜丝固定板10位于四通中柱和三通中柱11内，冲洗空气通气管5下端固定在通气管固定板13上的管孔内，冲洗空气通气管5在三通中柱11内的管壁无开孔，在四通中柱7内的管壁有多个开孔，冲洗空气通气管5底端开口、 顶端封闭；膜丝6填充在四通中柱7的内柱面和冲洗空气通气管5的外柱面之间，且膜丝6顶端和底端分别由第一膜丝固定板9和第二膜丝固定板10固定；第一封头2的底端端面与四通中柱7的顶端端面连接，第二封头14的顶端端面与三通中柱11的底端端面连接。
以上所述结构中，第一膜丝固定板9的顶端与四通中柱7的顶端处于同一平面上；第二膜丝固定板10的底端与四通中柱7的底端处于同一平面上；冲洗空气通气管5的底端与通气管固定板13的底端处于同一平面上；第一封头2顶端设置引气出口接头1；第二封头14底端设置冲洗空气入口接头15；四通中柱7上部的一侧设置第一冲洗空气出口接头4，下部另一侧设置第二冲洗空气出口接头8；三通中柱11侧面设置引气入口接头12；第一封头2与四通中柱7通过螺栓a3紧固连接；第二封头14与三通中柱11通过螺栓b16紧固连接；第一封头2、螺栓a3、螺栓b16、冲洗空气通气管5、四通中柱7、三通中柱11、通气管固定板13、第二封头14采用的材料包含属、塑料和有机玻璃；膜丝6采用的材料包含聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚砜(PSF)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物(ECTFE)、聚乙醚(PPO)。
以上所述装置的应用方法为：首先，引气从三通中柱11的引气入口接头12流到三通中柱11的内部，再由三通中柱11、冲洗空气通气管5、通气管固定板13和第二膜丝固定板10所围成的空间内聚集；
再从第二膜丝固定板10下部的膜丝6的下端口流进膜丝6内部；
然后，由于膜丝6内外氧气分压不同，存在分压差，膜丝6内气体中的氧气不断向膜丝6外渗透；
同时，冲洗空气经第二封头14上的冲洗空气入口15进入通气管固定板13、第二封头14之间的空间，并在通气管固定板13下部不断累积之后从冲洗空气通气管5下部进气孔流入；
然后，冲洗空气从冲洗空气通气管5位于四通中柱7内的多个出气孔流出，在与膜丝6外部渗透出来的氧气混合之后，再从四通中柱7上的第一冲洗空气出口接头4和第二冲洗空气出口接头8流出；
接着，由于氧气通过膜丝6不断渗出，膜丝6内部氮气浓度不断增加，富氮的惰性气体从膜丝6上端口流出，流至第一膜丝固定板9上部和第一封头2之间的空间；
最后，富氮惰性气体从第一封头2的引气出口接头1流出。
气体在结合空气冲洗与膜分离技术的新型机载制氮装置中流动的同时与装置内部组件和外界介质进行换热。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内

Claims (9)

  1. 一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，其特征在于，包括：冲洗空气通气管(5)、膜丝(6)、四通中柱(7)、三通中柱(11)、通气管固定板(13)；四通中柱(7)的下端与三通中柱(11)的上端连接，四通中柱(7)内柱面上端连接第一膜丝固定板(9)，四通中柱(7)内柱面下端连接第二膜丝固定板(10)；三通中柱(11)的内柱面下端连接通气管固定板(13)，冲洗空气通气管(5)穿过第二膜丝固定板(10)位于四通中柱和三通中柱(11)内，冲洗空气通气管(5)下端固定在通气管固定板(13)上的管孔内，冲洗空气通气管(5)在三通中柱(11)内的管壁无开孔，在四通中柱(7)内的管壁有多个开孔，冲洗空气通气管(5)底端开口、顶端封闭；膜丝(6)填充在四通中柱(7)的内柱面和冲洗空气通气管(5)的外柱面之间，且膜丝(6)顶端和底端分别由第一膜丝固定板(9)和第二膜丝固定板(10)固定；第一封头(2)的底端端面与四通中柱(7)的顶端端面连接，第二封头(14)的顶端端面与三通中柱(11)的底端端面连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，其特征在于，第一膜丝固定板(9)的顶端与四通中柱(7)的顶端处于同一平面上；第二膜丝固定板(10)的底端与四通中柱(7)的底端处于同一平面上，冲洗空气通气管(5)的底端与通气管固定板(13)的底端处于同一平面上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，其特征在于，第一封头(2)顶端设置引气出口接头(1)；第二封头(14)底端设置冲洗空气入口接头(15)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，其特征在于，四通中柱(7)上部的一侧设置第一冲洗空气出口接头(4)，下部另一侧设置第二冲洗空气出口接头(8)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，其特征在于，三通中柱(11)侧面设置引气入口接头(12)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，其特征在于，第一封头(2)与四通中柱(7)通过螺栓a(3)紧固连接；第二封头(14)与三通中柱(11)通过螺栓b(16)紧固连接。
  7. [根据细则91更正 04.08.2020]　
    根据权利要求1所述的结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，其特征在于，第一封头(2)、螺栓a(3)、螺栓b(16)、冲洗空气通气管(5)、四通中柱(7)、三通中柱(11)、通气管固定板(13)、第二封头(14)采用的材料包含属、塑料和有机玻璃。
  8. [根据细则91更正 04.08.2020]　
    根据权利要求1所述的结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置，其特征在于，膜丝(6)采用的材 料包含聚偏氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚砜、聚丙烯腈、聚酰亚胺、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物、聚乙醚。
  9. 一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置的应用方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    首先，引气从三通中柱(11)的引气入口接头(12)流到三通中柱(11)的内部，再由三通中柱(11)、冲洗空气通气管(5)、通气管固定板(13)和第二膜丝固定板(10)所围成的空间内聚集；
    再从第二膜丝固定板(10)下部的膜丝(6)的下端口流进膜丝(6)内部；
    然后，由于膜丝(6)内外氧气分压不同，存在分压差，膜丝(6)内气体中的氧气不断向膜丝(6)外渗透；
    同时，冲洗空气经第二封头(14)上的冲洗空气入口(15)进入通气管固定板(13)、第二封头(14)之间的空间，并在通气管固定板(13)下部不断累积之后从冲洗空气通气管(5)下部进气孔流入；
    然后，冲洗空气从冲洗空气通气管(5)位于四通中柱(7)内的多个出气孔流出，在与膜丝(6)外部渗透出来的氧气混合之后，再从四通中柱(7)上的第一冲洗空气出口接头(4)和第二冲洗空气出口接头(8)流出；
    接着，由于氧气通过膜丝(6)不断渗出，膜丝(6)内部氮气浓度不断增加，富氮的惰性气体从膜丝(6)上端口流出，流至第一膜丝固定板(9)上部和第一封头(2)之间的空间；
    最后，富氮惰性气体从第一封头(2)的引气出口接头(1)流出。
PCT/CN2020/103167 2019-12-13 2020-07-21 一种结合空气冲洗与膜分离的机载制氮装置及其应用方法 WO2021114667A1 (zh)

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