WO2021109516A1 - 具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座及实现方法 - Google Patents
具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座及实现方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021109516A1 WO2021109516A1 PCT/CN2020/094987 CN2020094987W WO2021109516A1 WO 2021109516 A1 WO2021109516 A1 WO 2021109516A1 CN 2020094987 W CN2020094987 W CN 2020094987W WO 2021109516 A1 WO2021109516 A1 WO 2021109516A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
- G01R22/065—Details of electronic electricity meters related to mechanical aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/10—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods using digital techniques
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- the invention relates to a load identification method for a smart base of an electric energy meter with a load identification function, and belongs to the technical field of smart grids and smart electricity use.
- non-intrusive load identification terminals There are two main types of non-intrusive load identification devices that have been developed: non-intrusive load identification terminals and smart meters with load identification functions.
- the electric meter with load identification function has the billing function of the traditional electric meter, and also has the advanced measurement function of load identification, which is suitable for large-scale promotion.
- This kind of electric energy meter with load identification function is very suitable for newly installed users and can be installed and used directly; but for the vast stock market, the number of electric meters reaches hundreds of millions of scales.
- the original electric energy meter, the installation of an electric energy meter with load identification will bring huge capital investment; at the same time, some electric energy meters have not reached their service life, which will cause a great waste of electric power materials.
- the replacement, installation and construction work of huge electric meters has increased the cost of on-site implementation and production and operation of power companies. Therefore, the market urgently needs a new implementation method or method, which can realize advanced energy meters such as load identification meters. It does not need to make major changes to the original electric energy meter, and does not cause huge capital investment and material waste.
- an electric energy meter smart base with load identification function which includes a snap-on electrical energy meter plug-in set at the outlet of the electrical energy meter, a load identification control board and a current transformer;
- the plug-in of the electric energy meter is connected to the load identification control board, and the current transformer is connected to the load identification control board;
- the card-connected electric energy meter plug-in is used to connect the electric meter
- the load identification function control board is composed of a control bottom board, a main CPU board, and a temperature acquisition board, which collects the current and voltage of the electric energy meter outlet, as well as the temperature of the metal parts of the electric energy meter connector, and the information of the electric energy meter setting switch.
- the snap-on type electric energy meter connector is located above the load identification control board, and is connected to each other by a pin header.
- the metal pin and the connecting terminal of the electric energy meter realize interference fit.
- control floor is connected to the main CPU board through pin headers, and the temperature collection board is connected to the control floor through a cable,
- the load identification control board includes a current transformer acquisition interface, a sampling filter circuit, a communication interface and a switching circuit, a power supply circuit and an indicator circuit; the current transformer is connected to the sampling interface of the control backplane, and the sampling signal enters the sampling filter circuit and is filtered Then output to the pin, which connects the control backplane and the main CPU board, and realizes the input of sampling signal, power supply, and other control signals to the main CPU board through this pin;
- the temperature acquisition board collects the temperature of the metal rod of the electric energy meter connector, and outputs it to the control backplane connection through a cable, and finally sends it to the main CPU board through the pins of the control backplane and the main CPU to complete the temperature signal collection.
- the main CPU board includes a microprocessor MCU, a FLASH and RAM storage circuit, a reset circuit and a communication control circuit;
- the microcontroller MCU is respectively connected with the FLASH and RAM storage circuit, a reset circuit and a communication control circuit to realize data Analysis and processing;
- the FLASH and RAM storage circuit the algorithm program for storage processing and sub-item, and the temporary data generated by calculation;
- the reset circuit realizes the reset of the entire hardware system;
- the communication control circuit realizes RS485, etc. Communication control interface circuit.
- the current transformer outputs a small signal according to a transformation ratio (3000:1) and is connected to the control board through a cable.
- An implementation method of an electric energy meter smart base with load identification function includes the following steps:
- Step 1 Power on the smart base to self-check, and then determine whether there is an electric meter in place;
- Step 2 Check that there is an electric meter in place, then switch the communication channel, access the electric energy meter, and read the meter number and other data of the electric energy meter;
- Step 3 After the reading is successful, switch the communication channel, communicate with the collector in the meter box, and set the normal collection mode;
- Step 4 Collect user current and voltage data, analyze and process the load identification algorithm
- Step 5 Monitor temperature data, abnormal events, and upload identification results and other information.
- the present invention is a realization method of an electric energy meter intelligent base with load identification function.
- the hardware structure is compact and the appearance is uniform. It can be realized on the original electric energy meter connector without changing the original electric energy meter or changing the wiring of the original electric energy meter.
- Collecting user current and voltage data, and analyzing and calculating with its own unique algorithm can realize the residential user load identification function, and can be expanded to realize the follow-up power monitoring and diagnosis, power outage active reporting and other advanced power measurement functions.
- Figure 1 is a structural composition diagram of an electric energy meter smart base with load identification function.
- Figure 2 is a hardware structure diagram of the load identification control board of the electric energy meter smart base with load identification function.
- Figure 3 is a flow chart of the software function realization of the intelligent base of the electric energy meter with load identification function.
- the hardware structure of the smart base of the electric energy meter with load identification function includes a card-connected electric energy meter connector, an identification function control board, and a current transformer.
- the overall structure of the intelligent base of the electric energy meter adopts a two-layer, stacked design.
- a smart base as a whole can be seen from the outside.
- On the top is the power meter connector.
- This connector is specially designed for power meters.
- the power meter is plugged into this connector, and its metal is plugged into the wiring terminal of the power meter. Realize the interference fit, can install or replace the electric energy meter quickly and conveniently.
- the load identification function control board of the load identification base of the electric energy meter smart base with load identification function is composed of a control base plate, a main CPU board, and a temperature acquisition board, which collects the current and voltage of the electric energy meter outlet, and the electric energy meter The temperature of the metal parts of the connector, the information of the setting switch of the electric energy meter, etc.
- the current transformer is connected to the sampling interface of the control backplane.
- the sampling signal enters the sampling filter circuit and is filtered and output to the pins.
- the pins are connected to the control backplane and the main CPU board. Through this pin, the sampling signal, power supply, and other controls are realized.
- the temperature acquisition board collects the temperature of the metal rod of the electric energy meter connector, and outputs it to the control backplane connection through a cable, and finally sends it to the main CPU board through the pins of the control backplane and the main CPU to complete the temperature signal collection.
- the main CPU board includes microprocessor MCU, FLASH and RAM storage circuits, reset circuits, communication control circuits, etc.
- the microcontroller MCU is connected to each functional circuit to realize data analysis and processing; the FLASH and RAM storage circuit, the algorithm program for storage processing and sub-item, and the temporary data generated by calculation; the reset circuit is realized Reset of the entire hardware system; the communication control circuit implements communication control interface circuits such as RS485.
- the current transformer is a through-core high-precision transformer to ensure the accuracy of sampling. It outputs a small signal proportionally and connects to the control board through a cable.
- the steps of the method for implementing the smart base of the electric energy meter with load identification function according to the present invention are as follows:
- Step 1 Power on the smart base and self-check to determine whether there is an electric meter in place
- Step 2 If it is detected that there is an electric meter in place, switch the communication channel through the communication interface and switching circuit, access the electric energy meter, and read the meter number, current, voltage and power of the electric energy meter;
- Step 3 After reading the electric energy meter information, switch the communication channel through the communication interface and switching circuit, access the collector in the electric energy meter box, and set the normal acquisition mode;
- Step 4 Collect user current and voltage data, analyze and process the load identification algorithm
- Step 5 Monitor the temperature data, current and voltage, and upload the identification results and the current, voltage, and time information of the meter to the main CPU board.
- a realization method of an electric energy meter smart base with load identification function Its hardware structure is compact and its appearance is uniform. It can be realized on the original electric energy meter connector without changing the original electric energy meter or changing the wiring of the original electric energy meter.
- the user current and voltage data can be analyzed and calculated by its own unique algorithm to realize the residential user load identification function, and can be expanded to realize the subsequent power consumption monitoring and diagnosis, power outage automatic reporting and other advanced power consumption measurement functions.
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Abstract
一种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，包括设置于电能表出线处的卡接式电能表插件（1）、负荷辨识控制板（2）和电流互感器（3）；卡接式电能表插件（1）与负荷辨识控制板（2）连接，电流互感器（3）与负荷辨识控制板（2）连接；卡接式电能表插件（1）用于连接电能表，负荷辨识控制板（2）采集电能表出线的电流、电压、电能表接插件（1）的温度和电能表置位开关信息。本装置硬件结构紧凑，外观统一，在原有电能表接插件上即可实现，不更换原电能表，也不改变原电能表的接线，采集用户电流、电压数据，经过自身特有算法的分析计算处理，即可实现居民用户负荷辨识功能，以及可扩展实现后续用电的监测和诊断、停电主动上报等用电高级量测功能。
Description
本发明涉及一种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座负荷辨识的方法，属于智能电网、智能用电技术领域。
随着我国人民生活水平的提高，居民用户对电力精益用能服务需求也在不断增长。目前电网公司只能向用户推送每天的家庭总用电量信息，难以监测用户主要电器的用电情况，无法为居民提供进一步的家庭能效评估、家电工况获取等精细化用能服务。
为解决上述问题，目前国内已经开展了非侵入式负荷辨识等高级量测的研究与实践应用。已经研发出来的非侵入式负荷辨识设备主要有两种：非侵入式负荷辨识终端以及具有负荷辨识功能的智能电表。具有负荷辨识功能电表具有传统电表的计费功能，也具有负荷辨识的高级量测功能，适合大规模推广。
这种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表，对于新装用户非常适合，可以直接安装使用；但对于广大的存量市场，电表的数量达到上亿规模，为实现用户电力用能的高级需求，就必须拆掉原电能表，安装具有负荷辨识的电能表，会带来巨大的资金投入；同时有些电能表使用年限未到，这就会造成电力物资的极大浪费。同时巨量电表的更换安装施工工作量大，加大了电力公司现场实施及生产运营的成本，所以市场迫切需要一种新的实现方法或方式，既能实现电能表的负荷辨识表等高级量测功能，又无需对原来的电能表不造成大的改动，不造成巨大的资金投入及物资浪费。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明公开了一种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，包括设置于电能表出线处的卡接式电能表插件、负荷辨识控制板和电流互感器；所述卡接式电能表插件与负荷辨识控制板连接，所述电流互感器与负荷辨识控制板连接；
所述卡接式电能表插件用于连接电表，
所述负荷辨识功能控制板由控制底板、主CPU板、温度采集板组成，其采集电能表出线的电流、电压，以及电能表接插件的金属件温度、电能表置位开关信息等。
进一步的，所述卡接式电能表接插件位于负荷辨识控制板上方，相互之间使用排针连接。
进一步的，所述将电能表插接在此接插件上，其金属插柱与电能表的接线端子实现过盈配合。
进一步的，所述控制地板与主CPU板通过排针连接，所述温度采集板与控制地板通过电缆连接，
所述负荷辨识控制板包括电流互感器采集接口、采样滤波电路、通讯接口及切换电路、电源电路和指示灯电路；电流互感器连接至控制底板的采样接口，采样信号进入采样滤波电路，经滤波后输出至插针，插针连接了控制底板与主CPU板，通过此插针实现采样信号、电源供电、其他控制信号向主CPU板的输入；
温度采集板采集电能表接插件金属杆的温度，并通过电缆输出至控制底板连接，最终通过控制底板和主CPU的插针，送到主CPU板，完成温度信号采集。
进一步的，主CPU板包括微处理器MCU、FLASH及RAM存储电路、复位电路和通讯控制电路；所述的微控制器MCU分别与FLASH及RAM存储电路、复位电路和通讯控制电路连接，实现数据的分析与处理；所述的FLASH及RAM存储电路，存储处理及分项的算法程序，以及计算产生的临时数据；所述的复位电路实现整个硬件系统的复位；所述通讯控制电路实现RS485等通讯控制接口电路。
进一步的，电流互感器按变比(3000∶1)输出小信号并通过电缆连接至控制底板。
一种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座的实现方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：智能底座上电自检，随后判断是否有电表在位；
步骤2：检测有电表在位，则切换通讯通道，访问电能表，读取电能表表号及其他数据；
步骤3：读取成功后，切换通讯通道，与电表箱内采集器通讯，并设置正常采集模式；
步骤4：采集用户电流、电压数据，进行负荷辨识算法分析处理；
步骤5：监视温度数据、异常事件，并上送辨识结果及其他信息。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明一种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座的实现方法，其硬件结构紧凑，外观统一，在原有电能表接插件上即可实现，不更换原电能表，也不改变原电能表的接线，采集用户电流、电压数据，经过自身特有算法的分析计算处理，即可实现居民用户负荷辨识功能，以及可扩展实现后续用电的监测和诊断、停电主动上报等用电高级量测功能。
图1是具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座结构组成图，
图2是具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座的负荷辨识控制板硬件结构图，
图3是具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座软件功能实现流程图。
下面结合附图和具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用 于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
如图1所示，参见图1所示，本具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座的硬件结构包括卡接式电能表接插件、辨识功能控制板、电流互感器。
电能表智能底座整体结构采用两层、堆叠方式设计。从外部看到的一个智能底座整体，位于最上边的是电能表接插件，该接插件专门为电能表设计，将电能表插接在此接插件上，其金属插住与电能表的接线端子实现过盈配合，能够快速便捷的安装或更换电能表。
参见图2，本具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座的负荷辨识底座的负荷辨识功能控制板由控制底板、主CPU板、温度采集板组成，其采集电能表出线的电流、电压，以及电能表接插件的金属件温度、电能表置位开关信息等。
其一，控制底板上具有电流互感器采集接口、采样滤波电路、通讯接口及切换电路、电源电路、指示灯电路等。电流互感器连接至控制底板的采样接口，采样信号进入采样滤波电路，经滤波后输出至插针，插针连接了控制底板与主CPU板，通过此插针实现采样信号、电源供电、其他控制信号向主CPU板的输入。温度采集板采集电能表接插件金属杆的温度，并通过电缆输出至控制底板连接，最终通过控制底板和主CPU的插针，送到主CPU板，完成温度信号采集。
其二，主CPU板包括微处理器MCU、FLASH及RAM存储电路、复位电路、通讯控制电路等。所述的微控制器MCU连接各个功能电路，实现数据的分析与处理；所述的FLASH及RAM存储电路，存储处理及分项的算法程序，以及计算产生的临时数据；所述的复位电路实现整个硬件系统的复位；所述通讯控制电路实现RS485等通讯控制接口电路。
其三，电流互感器是穿心式高精度互感器，保证采样的精度，其按比例输出小信号并通过电缆连接至控制底板。
参见图3，本发明本具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座的实现方法的步骤如下：
步骤1：智能底座上电自检，判断是否有电表在位；
步骤2：若检测有电表在位，则通过通讯接口及切换电路进行通讯通道切换，访问电能表，读取电能表表号、电流、电压和功率；
步骤3：读取电能表信息完成后，则通过通讯接口及切换电路进行通讯通道切换，访问电能表箱内的采集器，并设置正常采集模式；
步骤4：采集用户电流、电压数据，进行负荷辨识算法分析处理；
步骤5：监视温度数据、电流和电压，并上送辨识结果和本电表的电流电压、时间信息至主 CPU板。
一种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座的实现方法，其硬件结构紧凑，外观统一，在原有电能表接插件上即可实现，不更换原电能表，也不改变原电能表的接线，采集用户电流、电压数据，经过自身特有算法的分析计算处理，即可实现居民用户负荷辨识功能，以及可扩展实现后续用电的监测和诊断、停电主动上报等用电高级量测功能。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (9)
- 一种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，其特征在于：包括设置于电能表出线处的卡接式电能表插件、负荷辨识控制板和电流互感器；所述卡接式电能表插件与负荷辨识控制板连接，所述电流互感器与负荷辨识控制板连接；所述卡接式电能表插件用于连接电能表，所述负荷辨识控制板包括控制底板、主CPU板和温度采集板，其采集电能表出线的电流、电压、电能表接插件的温度和电能表置位开关信息。
- 根据权利要求1所述的具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，其特征在于：所述卡接式电能表接插件位于负荷辨识控制板上方，相互之间使用排针连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，其特征在于：所述将电能表插接在所述接插件上；所述接插件包括金属插柱，所述金属插柱与电能表的接线端子通过过盈配合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，其特征在于：所述控制底板与主CPU板通过排针连接，所述温度采集板与控制底板通过电缆连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，其特征在于：所述控制底板包括电流互感器采集接口、采样滤波电路、通讯接口、切换电路、电源电路和指示灯电路；电流互感器连接至电流互感器采集接口，采样信号进入采样滤波电路，经滤波后输出至排针，通过排针输入至主CPU板；温度采集板采集电能表接插件的金属柱的温度，并通过电缆输出至控制底板，最终通过控制底板和主CPU之间的插针，输送主CPU板，完成温度信号采集。
- 根据权利要求1所述的具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，其特征在于：主CPU板包括微处理器MCU、FLASH及RAM存储电路、复位电路和通讯控制电路；所述的微控制器MCU分别与FLASH及RAM存储电路、复位电路和通讯控制电路连接，实现数据的分析与处理；所述的FLASH及RAM存储电路，存储处理及分项的算法程序，以及计算产生的临时数据；所述的复位电路实现整个硬件系统的复位；所述通讯控制电路实现RS485通讯控制接口电路。
- 根据权利要求1所述的具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，其特征在于：所述电流互感器按变比3000∶1输出小信号并通过电缆连接至控制底板。
- 一种具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座的实现方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：步骤1、自检∶智能底座通电自检，判断是否有电能表在位；步骤2、切换电表通道：检测有电能表在位，则通过通讯接口及切换电路进行通讯通道切换， 访间所述电能表，读取电能表的表号及电流、电压和功率数据；步骤3、切换采集通道：读取成功后，则通过通讯接口及切换电路进行通讯通道切换，访问电能表箱内的采集器，与其通讯；步骤4、采集数据：采集用户电流和电压数据，进行负荷辨识算法分析处理；步骤5、输送信息：监视温度数据、电流和电压，并上送辨识结果及本电表的电流、电压和时间信息至主CPU板。
- 根据权利要求8所述的具有负荷辨识功能的电能表智能底座，其特征在于：所述步骤1中，若检查无电能表在位，则退出；所述步骤5中，若温度数据、电流和电压存在异常，则退出。
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