Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/167—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes in liquid or vaporisable form, e.g. liquid compositions for electronic cigarettes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
  • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
  • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
  • A24B15/302—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances by natural substances obtained from animals or plants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
  • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
  • A24B15/32—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances by acyclic compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
  • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
  • A24B15/34—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances containing a carbocyclic ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
  • A24B15/42—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic and inorganic substances
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
  • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
  • A24C5/01—Making cigarettes for simulated smoking devices
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
  • A24D1/20—Cigarettes specially adapted for simulated smoking devices
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
  • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
  • A24F40/57—Temperature control

Definitions

• the present invention relates to aerosol generation.
• Smoking articles such as cigarettes, cigars and the like bum tobacco during use to create tobacco smoke.
• Alternatives to these types of articles release an inhalable aerosol or vapour by releasing compounds from a substrate material by heating without burning. These may be referred to as non-combustible smoking articles or aerosol generating assemblies.
• a heating device which release compounds by heating, but not burning, a solid aerosol-generating material.
• This solid aerosol-generating material may, in some cases, contain a tobacco material.
• the heating volatilises at least one component of the material, typically forming an inhalable aerosol.
• These products may be referred to as heat-not-burn devices, tobacco heating devices or tobacco heating products.
• Various different arrangements for volatilising at least one component of the solid aerosol-generating material are known.
• e-cigarette / tobacco heating product hybrid devices also known as electronic tobacco hybrid devices.
• These hybrid devices contain a liquid source (which may or may not contain nicotine) which is vaporised by heating to produce an inhalable vapour or aerosol.
• the device additionally contains a solid aerosol-generating material (which may or may not contain a tobacco material) and components of this material are entrained in the inhalable vapour or aerosol to produce the inhaled medium.
• an aerosol generating material comprising an amorphous solid, the amorphous solid comprising: 0.1-80 wt% of menthol; 1-60 wt% of a gelling agent, the gelling agent comprising calcium- crosslinked alginate which comprises a-(l-4)-linked L-guluronate (G) units; and
• a substrate comprising an aerosol-generating material as described herein and a support on which the aerosol-generating material is provided.
• an article for use with a non-combustible aerosol provision device comprising an aerosol generating material as described herein and/or a substrate as described herein.
• a non combustible aerosol provision system comprising an article as described herein and a non-combustible aerosol provision device, wherein the non-combustible aerosol provision device is configured to generate aerosol from the article when the article is used with the non-combustible aerosol provision device.
• a method of generating an aerosol using a non-combustible aerosol provision system as described herein comprising heating the aerosol-generating material.
• the method comprises heating the aerosol-generating material to a temperature of less than or equal to 350 °C.
• the method comprises heating the aerosol-generating material to a temperature of from about 220 °C to about 280 °C.
• Figure 1 shows a section view of an example of an aerosol -generating article.
• Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the article of Figure 1.
• Figure 3 shows a sectional elevation of an example of an aerosol -generating article.
• Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the article of Figure 3.
• Figure 5 shows a perspective view of an example of an aerosol generating assembly.
• Figure 6 shows a section view of an example of an aerosol generating assembly.
• Figure 7 shows a perspective view of an example of an aerosol generating assembly.
• Figure 8 shows puff-by-puff sensory data for examples of aerosol-generating materials.
• Aerosol-generating material described herein is material that is capable of generating aerosol, for example when heated, irradiated or energized in any other way.
• Aerosol-generating material may, for example, be in the form of a solid, liquid or gel which may or may not contain nicotine and/or flavourants.
• the aerosol -generating material comprises an “amorphous solid”, which may alternatively be referred to as a “monolithic solid” (i.e. non-fibrous).
• the amorphous solid may be a dried gel.
• the amorphous solid is a solid material that may retain some fluid, such as liquid, within it.
• the aerosol -generating material may for example comprise from about 50wt%, 60wt% or 70wt% of amorphous solid, to about 90wt%, 95wt% or 100wt% of amorphous solid. In some cases, the aerosol generating material consists of amorphous solid.
• the invention provides aerosol-generating material comprising an amorphous solid, the amorphous solid comprising:
• a gelling agent comprising calcium- crosslinked alginate which comprises a-(l-4)-linked L-guluronate (G) units;
• the gelling agent of the present invention comprises alginate salts (also referred to as “alginate”).
• Alginate salts are derivatives of alginic acid, and are linear polysaccharides comprising G units and typically M units. On addition of divalent cations to alginic acid, the alginate crosslinks to form a gel.
• G unit refers to a-(l-4)-linked L-guluronate. a-L-guluronate is the conjugate base of a-L-guluronic acid.
• a G unit may also be referred to as a guluronate momomer, or a G residue.
• M unit refers to P-(l-4)-linked D- mannuronate.
• b-D-mannuronate is the conjugate base of b-D-mannuronic acid.
• An M unit may also be referred to as a mannuronate monomer, or an M residue.
• Divalent cations such as Ca 2+ interact with the carboxylate groups of the alginate monomers to form ionic crosslinks; the amorphous solid of the present invention comprises calcium-crosslinked alginate.
• the inventors have established that the physical characteristics of an amorphous solid comprising calcium-crosslinked alginate depends on the molar ratio of calcium cations (Ca 2+ ) to, in particular, the alginate G units in the amorphous solid.
• the amorphous solid of the present invention comprises menthol.
• Menthol is present in the amorphous solid as an active substance. That is, menthol is included in the amorphous solid such that, upon heating of the amorphous solid, menthol is aerosolised and may be delivered to a user in order to achieve a physiological and/or olfactory response.
• menthol Due to the physical characteristics of menthol (e.g. its volatility, solubility and so on), it is difficult to provide a menthol-containing amorphous solid which has an acceptable shelf-life and delivers an acceptable inhalable aerosol to a user when heated in a non combustible aerosol provision system.
• the amorphous solid should retain a desirable amount of menthol during storage until the point at which the amorphous solid heated in a non-combustible aerosol provision system.
• the amorphous solid should be configured to release a desirable amount of menthol as part of an inhalable aerosol upon heating of the amorphous solid.
• the present inventors have identified that configuring the amorphous solid such that the molar ratio of Ca 2+ to G units in the alginate is from 0.2 to 1 provides a menthol- containing aerosol-generating material which has a good shelf-life and also releases a desirable amount of menthol upon heating of the aerosol-generating material in a non combustible aerosol provision device.
• the molar ratio of Ca 2+ to G units in the alginate is from 0.3:1 to 0.5:1.
• the molar ratio of Ca 2+ to G units in the alginate is approximately 0.4:1 (“approximately” allowing for a 20% tolerance).
• an amorphous solid having a Ca 2+ content higher than that of the present invention would result in syneresis and thus deterioration of the aerosol-generating material during storage, and an amorphous solid having a Ca 2+ content lower than that of the present invention would not retain a desirable amount of menthol after storage.
• the calcium-crosslinked alginate comprises a combination of G units and M units.
• the G units and M units are present in a molar ratio of from 1 :2 to 10: 1 (i.e. the number of a-(l-4)-linked L-guluronate units present compared with the number of P-(l-4)-linked D-mannuronate units).
• the G units and M units are present in a molar ratio of from 1:3 to 3 : 1, or from 1 :2 to 2: 1, or from 1: 1.5 to 1.5:1, or from 1:1.2 to 1.2:1.
• the aerosol-generating material when stored for 30 days in a sealed container under ambient conditions in accordance with ISO 3402 (22 °C; 60% relative humidity; 1013 mbar), contains at least 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90% of the menthol by dry weight of the menthol present in the aerosol-generating material before storage.
• the aerosol-generating material when stored for 6 weeks (42 days) in a sealed container under ambient conditions in accordance with ISO 3402 (22 °C; 60% relative humidity; 1013 mbar), contains at least 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90% of the menthol by dry weight of the menthol present in the aerosol-generating material before storage.
• the aerosol-generating material when stored for 16 weeks (112 days) in a sealed container under ambient conditions in accordance with ISO 3402 (22 °C; 60% relative humidity; 1013 mbar), contains at least 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90% of the menthol by dry weight of the menthol present in the aerosol-generating material before storage.
• alginate is comprised in the gelling agent in an amount of from 15-40wt% of the amorphous solid. That is, the amorphous solid comprises alginate in an amount of 15-40wt% by dry weight of the amorphous solid. In some embodiments, the amorphous solid comprises alginate in an amount of from 10-35wt%, or 15wt% to 30wt%.
• the gelling agent further comprises pectin.
• the alginate and pectin are present in a ratio of alginate to pectin of from 1:1 to 10:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of alginate to pectin is from 3:1 to 8:1, or 5:1 to 7:1. The ratio of alginate to pectin is expressed as a dry weight ratio (w/w).
• a gelling agent comprising alginate and pectin in such ratios may provide an improved amorphous solid.
• a combination of alginate and pectin may have a synergistic effect on the binding in the amorphous solid.
• combining alginate and pectin in particular ratios may influence the temperature at which menthol is released from the amorphous solid when heated.
• Providing a gelling agent which comprises more alginate than pectin may be advantageous due to lower material costs.
• a gelling agent comprising alginate alone may have a high viscosity, meaning that it is difficult to process the gelling agent during the manufacture of the amorphous solid.
• the inventors have identified that, by combining alginate with pectin wherein pectin is present as a minority portion, the viscosity of the gelling agent may be easier to process during the manufacture of the amorphous solid.
• the pectin is comprised in the gelling agent in an amount of from 3-10wt% of the amorphous solid. That is, the amorphous solid comprises pectin in an amount of 3-10wt% by dry weight of the amorphous solid. In some embodiments, the amorphous solid comprises pectin in an amount of from 3-8wt%, or 4wt% to 6wt%.
• the amorphous solid may comprise from about lwt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt% or 25wt% to about 60wt%, 50wt%, 45wt%, 40wt%, 35wt%, 30wt% or 27wt% of gelling agent (all calculated on a dry weight basis).
• the amorphous solid may comprise l-50wt%, 5-40wt%, or 25-35wt% of a gelling agent.
• the gelling agent further comprises a hydrocolloid other than those mentioned above.
• the gelling agent further comprises one or more compounds selected from the group comprising starches (and derivatives), celluloses (and derivatives, such as such as methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)), gums, silica or silicones compounds, clays, polyvinyl alcohol and combinations thereof.
• the gelling agent further comprises one or more of hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, pullulan, xanthan gum, guar gum, carrageenan, agarose, acacia gum, fumed silica, PDMS, sodium silicate, kaolin and polyvinyl alcohol.
• the gelling agent may further comprise one or more compounds selected from cellulosic gelling agents, non-cellulosic gelling agents, guar gum, acacia gum and mixtures thereof.
• the cellulosic gelling agent is selected from the group consisting of: hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) and combinations thereof.
• the gelling agent further comprises one or more of hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carboxymethylcellulose, guar gum, or acacia gum.
• the gelling agent further comprises one or more non-cellulosic gelling agents, including, but not limited to, agar, xanthan gum, gum Arabic, guar gum, locust bean gum, carrageenan, starch, and combinations thereof.
• the non-cellulose based gelling agent further comprises agar.
• the aerosol-generating material comprises menthol in an amount of from 0.1-80wt%.
• the aerosol-generating material comprises menthol in an amount of from about lwt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt% or 25wt% to about 70wt%, 50wt%, 45wt% or 40wt% (calculated on a dry weight basis).
• the amorphous solid comprises 10-60wt%, 40-60wt% or 45-55wt% of menthol.
• the amorphous solid comprises 0.1-50wt% aerosol-former material. In some embodiments, the amorphous solid comprises 10-30wt% aerosol -former material, or 15-25wt% aerosol-former material.
• the aerosol-former material may comprise one or more of glycerine, glycerol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, erythritol, meso-Erythritol, ethyl vanillate, ethyl laurate, a diethyl suberate, tri ethyl citrate, triacetin, a diacetin mixture, benzyl benzoate, benzyl phenyl acetate, tributyrin, lauryl acetate, lauric acid, myristic acid, and propylene carbonate.
• the aerosol former comprises one or more polyhydric alcohols, such as propylene glycol, tri ethylene glycol, 1 ,3-butanediol and glycerin; esters of polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol mono-, di- or triacetate; and/or aliphatic esters of mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acids, such as dimethyl dodecanedioate and dimethyl tetradecanedi oate .
• the amorphous solid comprises:
• the amorphous solid may have any suitable water content, such as from lwt% to 15wt% (wet weight basis - “WWB”).
• WWB wet weight basis -
• the water content of the amorphous solid may be from about 5wt%, 7wt% or 9wt% to about 15wt%, 13wt% or l lwt% (WWB).
• the aerosolisable or non-aerosol-generating material may be present on or in a support to form a substrate.
• the support functions as a support on which the amorphous solid layer forms, easing manufacture.
• the support may provide rigidity to the amorphous solid layer, easing handling.
• the support may be any suitable material which can be used to support an amorphous solid.
• the support may be formed from materials selected from metal foil, paper, carbon paper, greaseproof paper, ceramic, carbon allotropes such as graphite and graphene, plastic, cardboard, wood or combinations thereof.
• the support may comprise or consist of a tobacco material, such as a sheet of reconstituted tobacco.
• the support may be formed from materials selected from metal foil, paper, cardboard, wood or combinations thereof.
• the support comprises paper.
• the support itself be a laminate structure comprising layers of materials selected from the preceding lists.
• the support may also function as a flavour support.
• the support may be impregnated with a flavourant or with tobacco extract.
• the thickness of the support layer may be in the range of about 10 pm, 15 pm, 17pm, 20pm, 23pm, 25pm, 50pm, 75pm or 0.1mm to about 2.5mm, 2.0mm, 1.5mm, 1.0mm or 0.5mm.
• the support may comprise more than one layer, and the thickness described herein refers to the aggregate thickness of those layers.
• the support may be magnetic. This functionality may be used to fasten the support to the assembly in use, or may be used to generate particular amorphous solid shapes.
• the aerosol generating substrate may comprise one or more magnets which can be used to fasten the substrate to an induction heater in use.
• the support may be substantially or wholly impermeable to gas and/or aerosol. This prevents aerosol or gas passage through the support layer, thereby controlling the flow and ensuring it is delivered to the user. This can also be used to prevent condensation or other deposition of the gas/aerosol in use on, for example, the surface of a heater provided in an aerosol generating assembly. Thus, consumption efficiency and hygiene can be improved in some cases.
• the surface of the support that abuts the amorphous solid may be porous.
• the support comprises paper.
• a porous support such as paper is particularly suitable for the present invention; the porous (e.g. paper) layer abuts the amorphous solid layer and forms a strong bond.
• the amorphous solid is formed by drying a gel and, without being limited by theory, it is thought that the slurry from which the gel is formed partially impregnates the porous support (e.g. paper) so that when the gel sets and forms cross-links, the support is partially bound into the gel. This provides a strong binding between the gel and the support (and between the dried gel and the support).
• surface roughness may contribute to the strength of bond between the amorphous material and the support.
• the inventors have found that the paper roughness (for the surface abutting the support) may suitably be in the range of 50-1000 Bekk seconds, suitably 50-150 Bekk seconds, suitably 100 Bekk seconds (measured over an air pressure interval of 50.66-48.00 kPa).
• a Bekk smoothness tester is an instrument used to determine the smoothness of a paper surface, in which air at a specified pressure is leaked between a smooth glass surface and a paper sample, and the time (in seconds) for a fixed volume of air to seep between these surfaces is the "Bekk smoothness”.
• the surface of the support facing away from the amorphous solid may be arranged in contact with the heater, and a smoother surface may provide more efficient heat transfer.
• the support is disposed so as to have a rougher side abutting the amorphous material and a smoother side facing away from the amorphous material.
• the support may be a paper-backed foil; the paper layer abuts the amorphous solid layer and the properties discussed in the previous paragraphs are afforded by this abutment.
• the foil backing is substantially impermeable, providing control of the aerosol flow path.
• a metal foil backing may also serve to conduct heat to the amorphous solid.
• the foil layer of the paper-backed foil abuts the amorphous solid.
• the foil is substantially impermeable, thereby preventing water provided in the amorphous solid to be absorbed into the paper which could weaken its structural integrity.
• the support is formed from or comprises metal foil, such as aluminium foil.
• a metallic support may allow for better conduction of thermal energy to the amorphous solid.
• a metal foil may function as a susceptor in an induction heating system.
• the support comprises a metal foil layer and a support layer, such as cardboard.
• the metal foil layer may have a thickness of less than 20pm, such as from about 1 pm to about 10pm, suitably about 5pm.
• the support may have a thickness of between about 0.017mm and about 2.0mm, suitably from about 0.02mm, 0.05mm or 0.1mm to about 1.5mm, 1.0mm, or 0.5mm.
• the aerosol generating substrate may comprise embedded heating means, such as resistive or inductive heating elements.
• the heating means may be embedded in the amorphous solid.
• the amorphous solid may be made from a gel, and this gel may additionally comprise a solvent, included at 0.1-50wt%.
• a solvent in which the flavour is soluble may reduce the gel stability and the flavour may crystallise out of the gel.
• the gel does not include a solvent in which the flavour is soluble.
• the amorphous solid comprises less than 60wt% of a filler, such as from lwt% to 60wt%, or 5wt% to 50wt%, or 5wt% to 30wt%, or 10wt% to 20wt%. In other embodiments, the amorphous solid comprises less than 20wt%, suitably less than 10wt% or less than 5wt% of a filler. In some cases, the amorphous solid comprises less than lwt% of a filler, and in some cases, comprises no filler.
• a consumable is an article, part or all of which is intended to be consumed during use by a user.
• a consumable may comprise or consist of aerosol-generating material.
• a consumable may comprise one or more other elements, such as a filter or an aerosol modifying substance.
• a consumable may comprise a heating element that emits heat to cause the aerosol-generating material to generate aerosol in use.
• the heating element may, for example, comprise combustible material, or may comprise a susceptor that is heatable by penetration with a varying magnetic field.
• Articles of the present invention may be provided in any suitable shape. In some examples, the article is provided as a rod (e.g. substantially cylindrical).
• An article provided as a rod may include the aerosol-generating material as a shredded sheet, optionally blended with cut tobacco.
• the article provided as a rod may include the aerosol-generating material as a sheet, such as a sheet circumscribing a rod of aerosol-generating material (e.g. tobacco).
• the article comprises a layer portion of aerosol-generating material disposed on a carrier.
• the article may have at least one substantially planar (flat) surface.
• a susceptor is material that is heatable by penetration with a varying magnetic field, such as an alternating magnetic field.
• the heating material may be an electrically- conductive material, so that penetration thereof with a varying magnetic field causes induction heating of the heating material.
• the heating material may be magnetic material, so that penetration thereof with a varying magnetic field causes magnetic hysteresis heating of the heating material.
• the heating material may be both electrically-conductive and magnetic, so that the heating material is heatable by both heating mechanisms.
• Induction heating is a process in which an electrically-conductive object is heated by penetrating the object with a varying magnetic field. The process is described by Faraday's law of induction and Ohm's law.
• An induction heater may comprise an electromagnet and a device for passing a varying electrical current, such as an alternating current, through the electromagnet.
• the electromagnet and the object to be heated are suitably relatively positioned so that the resultant varying magnetic field produced by the electromagnet penetrates the object, one or more eddy currents are generated inside the object.
• the object has a resistance to the flow of electrical currents. Therefore, when such eddy currents are generated in the object, their flow against the electrical resistance of the obj ect causes the obj ect to be heated. This process is called Joule, ohmic, or resistive heating.
• the susceptor is in the form of a closed circuit. It has been found that, when the susceptor is in the form of a closed circuit, magnetic coupling between the susceptor and the electromagnet in use is enhanced, which results in greater or improved Joule heating.
• Magnetic hysteresis heating is a process in which an object made of a magnetic material is heated by penetrating the object with a varying magnetic field.
• a magnetic material can be considered to comprise many atomic-scale magnets, or magnetic dipoles. When a magnetic field penetrates such material, the magnetic dipoles align with the magnetic field. Therefore, when a varying magnetic field, such as an alternating magnetic field, for example as produced by an electromagnet, penetrates the magnetic material, the orientation of the magnetic dipoles changes with the varying applied magnetic field. Such magnetic dipole reorientation causes heat to be generated in the magnetic material.
• the filler may comprise one or more inorganic filler materials, such as calcium carbonate, perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, colloidal silica, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, magnesium carbonate, and suitable inorganic sorbents, such as molecular sieves.
• the filler may comprise one or more organic filler materials such as wood pulp, cellulose and cellulose derivatives.
• the amorphous solid comprises no calcium carbonate such as chalk.
• the filler is fibrous.
• the filler may be a fibrous organic filler material such as wood pulp, hemp fibre, cellulose or cellulose derivatives.
• fibrous filler in an amorphous solid may increase the tensile strength of the material. This may be particularly advantageous in examples wherein the amorphous solid is provided as a sheet, such as when an amorphous solid sheet circumscribes a rod of aerosol-generating material.
• the aerosol generating material does not comprise tobacco fibres. In particular embodiments, the aerosol generating material does not comprise fibrous material. In some embodiments, the aerosol-generating material does not comprise tobacco fibres. In particular embodiments, the aerosol-generating material does not comprise fibrous material.
• the aerosol-generating article does not comprise tobacco fibres. In particular embodiments, the aerosol-generating article does not comprise fibrous material.
• the aerosol-generating material, or amorphous solid comprises one or more cannabinoid compounds selected from the group consisting of: cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabidiolic acid (CBD A), cannabinol (CBN), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabichromene
• CBD cannabidiol
• THC tetrahydrocannabinol
• THCA tetrahydrocannabinolic acid
• CBD A cannabidiolic acid
• CBD cannabinol
• CBG cannabigerol
• the aerosol-generating material may comprise one or more cannabinoid compounds selected from the group consisting of cannabidiol (CBD) and THC (tetrahydrocannabinol).
• CBD cannabidiol
• THC tetrahydrocannabinol
• the aerosol-generating material may comprise cannabidiol
• the aerosol-generating material may comprise nicotine and cannabidiol (CBD).
• CBD cannabidiol
• the aerosol-generating material may comprise nicotine, cannabidiol (CBD), and THC (tetrahydrocannabinol).
• the aerosol generating material comprising the amorphous solid may have any suitable area density, such as from 30 g/m 2 to 120 g/m 2 .
• aerosol generating material may have an area density of from about 30 to 70 g/m 2 , or about 40 to 60 g/m 2 .
• the amorphous solid may have an area density of from about 80 to 120 g/m 2 , or from about 70 to 110 g/m 2 , or particularly from about 90 to 110 g/m 2 .
• Such area densities may be particularly suitable where the aerosol generating material is included in an aerosol-generating article/assembly in sheet form, or as a shredded sheet (described further hereinbelow).
• the heater may heat, without burning, the aerosol -generating material to a temperature equal to or less than 350 °C, such as between 120°C and 350 °C. In some cases, the heater may heat, without burning, the aerosol-generating material to between 140 °C and 250 °C in use, or between 220 °C and 280 °C. In some cases in use, substantially all of the amorphous solid is less than about 4mm, 3mm, 2mm or 1mm from the heater. In some cases, the solid is disposed between about 0.010mm and 2.0mm from the heater, suitably between about 0.02mm and 1.0mm, suitably 0.1mm to 0.5mm. These minimum distances may, in some cases, reflect the thickness of a support that supports the amorphous solid. In some cases, a surface of the amorphous solid may directly abut the heater.
• the heater is configured to heat not bum the aerosol -generating article, and thus the aerosol-generating material.
• the heater may be, in some cases, a thin film, electrically resistive heater. In other cases, the heater may comprise an induction heater or the like.
• the heater may be a combustible heat source or a chemical heat source which undergoes an exothermic reaction to product heat in use.
• the aerosol generating assembly may comprise a plurality of heaters. The heater(s) may be powered by a battery.
• the aerosol-generating article may additionally comprise a cooling element and/or a filter.
• the cooling element if present, may act or function to cool gaseous or aerosol components. In some cases, it may act to cool gaseous components such that they condense to form an aerosol. It may also act to space the very hot parts of the non combustible aerosol provision device from the user.
• the filter if present, may comprise any suitable filter known in the art such as a cellulose acetate plug.
• the aerosol generating assembly may be a heat-not-bum device. That is, it may contain a solid tobacco-containing material (and no liquid aerosol -generating material). In some cases, the amorphous solid may comprise the tobacco material.
• a heat-not-burn device is disclosed in WO 2015/062983 A2, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
• the aerosol generating assembly may be an electronic tobacco hybrid device. That is, it may contain a solid aerosol-generating material and a liquid aerosol generating material.
• the amorphous solid may comprise nicotine.
• the amorphous solid may comprise a tobacco material.
• the amorphous solid may comprise a tobacco material and a separate nicotine source.
• the separate aerosol-generating materials may be heated by separate heaters, the same heater or, in one case, a downstream aerosol-generating material may be heated by a hot aerosol which is generated from the upstream aerosol-generating material.
• An electronic tobacco hybrid device is disclosed in WO 2016/135331 Al, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
• the aerosol-generating material or amorphous solid may comprise an acid.
• the acid may be an organic acid.
• the acid may be at least one of a monoprotic acid, a diprotic acid and a triprotic acid.
• the acid may contain at least one carboxyl functional group.
• the acid may be at least one of an alpha-hydroxy acid, carboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid, tricarboxylic acid and keto acid.
• the acid may be an alpha-keto acid.
• colourants may be used depending on the desired colour of the amorphous solid.
• the colour of amorphous solid may be, for example, white, green, red, purple, blue, brown or black. Other colours are also envisaged.
• Natural or synthetic colourants such as natural or synthetic dyes, food-grade colourants and pharmaceutical-grade colourants may be used.
• the colourant is caramel, which may confer the amorphous solid with a brown appearance.
• the colour of the amorphous solid may be similar to the colour of other components (such as tobacco material) in an aerosol-generating material comprising the amorphous solid.
• the addition of a colourant to the amorphous solid renders it visually indistinguishable from other components in the aerosol-generating material.
• the aerosol-generating article may additionally comprise ventilation apertures. These may be provided in the sidewall of the article. In some cases, the ventilation apertures may be provided in the filter and/or cooling element. These apertures may allow cool air to be drawn into the article during use, which can mix with the heated volatilised components thereby cooling the aerosol.
• the ratio of the cool air to the sum of the heated volatilised components and the cool air is at least 15%.
• a ventilation ratio of 15% enables the heated volatilised components to be made visible by the method described above. The visibility of the heated volatilised components enables the user to identify that the volatilised components have been generated and adds to the sensory experience of the smoking experience.
• the aerosol generating material may be included in the article/assembly in sheet form. In some cases, the aerosol generating material may be included as a planar sheet. In some cases, the aerosol generating material may be included as a planar sheet, as a bunched or gathered sheet, as a crimped sheet, or as a rolled sheet (i.e. in the form of a tube). In some such cases, the amorphous solid of these embodiments may be included in an aerosol -generating article/assembly as a sheet, such as a sheet circumscribing a rod of aerosol-generating material (e.g. tobacco). In some other cases, the aerosol generating material may be formed as a sheet and then shredded and incorporated into the article. In some cases, the shredded sheet may be mixed with cut rag tobacco and incorporated into the article.
• the aerosol generating material e.g. tobacco
• the amorphous solid in sheet form may have a tensile strength of from around 200 N/m to around 900 N/m. In some examples, such as where the amorphous solid does not comprise a filler, the amorphous solid may have a tensile strength of from 200 N/m to 400 N/m, or 200 N/m to 300 N/m, or about 250 N/m. Such tensile strengths may be particularly suitable for embodiments wherein the aerosol generating material is formed as a sheet and then shredded and incorporated into an aerosol-generating article.
• the amorphous solid may have a tensile strength of from 600 N/m to 900 N/m, or from 700 N/m to 900 N/m, or around 800 N/m.
• tensile strengths may be particularly suitable for embodiments wherein the aerosol generating material is included in an aerosol-generating article/assembly as a rolled sheet, suitably in the form of a tube.
• the article 101 of one example is in the form of a substantially cylindrical rod that includes a body of aerosol generating material 103 and a filter assembly 105 in the form of a rod.
• the aerosol generating material comprises the amorphous solid material described herein. In some embodiments, it may be included in sheet form. In some embodiments it may be included in the form of a shredded sheet. In some embodiments, the aerosol generating material described herein may be incorporated in sheet form and in shredded form.
• the total length of the article 101 is between 71mm and 95mm, suitably between 79mm and 87mm, suitably 83mm.
• an axial end of the body of aerosol generating material 103 is visible at the distal end 115 of the article 101.
• the distal end 115 of the article 101 may comprise an end member (not shown) covering the axial end of the body of aerosol generating material 103.
• the cooling segment 107 is an annular tube and is located around and defines an air gap within the cooling segment.
• the air gap provides a chamber for heated volatilised components generated from the body of aerosol generating material 103 to flow.
• the cooling segment 107 is hollow to provide a chamber for aerosol accumulation yet rigid enough to withstand axial compressive forces and bending moments that might arise during manufacture and whilst the article 101 is in use during insertion into the device 51.
• the thickness of the wall of the cooling segment 107 is approximately 0.29mm.
• the cooling segment 107 provides a physical displacement between the aerosol generating material 103 and the filter segment 109.
• the physical displacement provided by the cooling segment 107 will provide a thermal gradient across the length of the cooling segment 107.
• the cooling segment 107 is configured to provide a temperature differential of at least 40 degrees Celsius between a heated volatilised component entering a first end of the cooling segment 107 and a heated volatilised component exiting a second end of the cooling segment 107.
• the cooling segment 107 is configured to provide a temperature differential of at least 60 degrees Celsius between a heated volatilised component entering a first end of the cooling segment 107 and a heated volatilised component exiting a second end of the cooling segment 107.
• the length of the cooling segment 107 is at least 15mm. In one example, the length of the cooling segment 107 is between 20mm and 30mm, more particularly 23mm to 27mm, more particularly 25mm to 27mm, suitably 25mm.
• the filter segment 109 is between 6mm to 10mm in length, suitably 8mm.
• the mouth end segment 111 may be manufactured from a spirally wound paper tube which provides a hollow internal chamber yet maintains critical mechanical rigidity. Spirally wound paper tubes are able to meet the tight dimensional accuracy requirements of high-speed manufacturing processes with respect to tube length, outer diameter, roundness and straightness.
• the mouth end segment 111 and the cooling segment 107 may be formed of a single tube and the filter segment 109 is located within that tube separating the mouth end segment 111 and the cooling segment 107.
• FIGs 3 and 4 there are shown a partially cut-away section and perspective views of an example of an article 301.
• the reference signs shown in Figures 3 and 4 are equivalent to the reference signs shown in Figures 1 and 2, but with an increment of 200.
• a ventilation region 317 is provided in the article 301 to enable air to flow into the interior of the article 301 from the exterior of the article 301.
• the ventilation region 317 takes the form of one or more ventilation holes 317 formed through the outer layer of the article 301.
• the ventilation holes may be located in the cooling segment 307 to aid with the cooling of the article 301.
• the ventilation region 317 comprises one or more rows of holes, and preferably, each row of holes is arranged circumferentially around the article 301 in a cross-section that is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the article 301.
• the ventilation holes 317 are of uniform size. In another example, the ventilation holes 317 vary in size.
• the ventilation holes can be made using any suitable technique, for example, one or more of the following techniques: laser technology, mechanical perforation of the cooling segment 307 or pre-perforation of the cooling segment 307 before it is formed into the article 301.
• the ventilation holes 317 are positioned so as to provide effective cooling to the article 301.
• the rows of ventilation holes 317 are located at least 11mm from the proximal end 313 of the article, suitably between 17mm and 20mm from the proximal end 313 of the article 301. The location of the ventilation holes 317 is positioned such that user does not block the ventilation holes 317 when the article 301 is in use.
• FIG. 5 to 7 there is shown an example of a device 51 arranged to heat aerosol generating material to volatilise at least one component of said aerosol generating material, typically to form an aerosol which can be inhaled.
• the device 51 is a heating device which releases compounds by heating, but not burning, the aerosol generating material.
• the heater arrangement 23 is supported by a stainless steel support tube and comprises a polyimide heating element.
• the heater arrangement 23 is dimensioned so that substantially the whole of the body of aerosol generating material 103, 303 of the article 101, 301 is inserted into the heater arrangement 23 when the article 101, 301 is inserted into the device 51.
• the or each heating element may be arranged so that selected zones of the aerosol generating material can be independently heated, for example in turn (over time, as discussed above) or together (simultaneously) as desired.
• the heater arrangement 23 in this example is surrounded along at least part of its length by a thermal insulator 31.
• the insulator 31 helps to reduce heat passing from the heater arrangement 23 to the exterior of the device 51. This helps to keep down the power requirements for the heater arrangement 23 as it reduces heat losses generally.
• the insulator 31 also helps to keep the exterior of the device 51 cool during operation of the heater arrangement 23.
• the insulator 31 may be a double-walled sleeve which provides a low pressure region between the two walls of the sleeve. That is, the insulator 31 may be for example a “vacuum” tube, i.e. a tube that has been at least partially evacuated so as to minimise heat transfer by conduction and/or convection.
• Other arrangements for the insulator 31 are possible, including using heat insulating materials, including for example a suitable foam-type material, in addition to or instead of a double-walled sleeve.
• the device 51 further comprises a collar 33 which extends around and projects from the opening 20 into the interior of the housing 59 and a generally tubular chamber 35 which is located between the collar 33 and one end of the vacuum sleeve 31.
• the chamber 35 further comprises a cooling structure 35f, which in this example, comprises a plurality of cooling fins 35f spaced apart along the outer surface of the chamber 35, and each arranged circumferentially around outer surface of the chamber 35.
• the air gap 36 is around all of the circumference of the article 101, 301 over at least part of the cooling segment 307.
• the collar 33 comprises a plurality of ridges 60 arranged circumferentially around the periphery of the opening 20 and which project into the opening 20.
• the ridges 60 take up space within the opening 20 such that the open span of the opening 20 at the locations of the ridges 60 is less than the open span of the opening 20 at the locations without the ridges 60.
• the ridges 60 are configured to engage with an article 101, 301 inserted into the device to assist in securing it within the device 51.
• Open spaces (not shown in the Figures) defined by adjacent pairs of ridges 60 and the article 101, 301 form ventilation paths around the exterior of the article 101, 301. These ventilation paths allow hot vapours that have escaped from the article 101, 301 to exit the device 51 and allow cooling air to flow into the device 51 around the article 101, 301 in the air gap 36.
• the heater arrangement 23 will heat the article 101, 301 to volatilise at least one component of the aerosol generating material from the body of aerosol generating material 103, 303.
• the primary flow path for the heated volatilised components from the body of aerosol generating material 103, 303 is axially through the article 101, 301, through the chamber inside the cooling segment 107, 307, through the filter segment 109, 309, through the mouth end segment 111, 313 to the user.
• the temperature of the heated volatilised components that are generated from the body of aerosol generating material is between 60°C and 250°C, which may be above the acceptable inhalation temperature for a user.
• the heated volatilised component travels through the cooling segment 107, 307, it will cool and some volatilised components will condense on the inner surface of the cooling segment 107, 307.
• cool air will be able to enter the cooling segment 307 via the ventilation holes 317 formed in the cooling segment 307. This cool air will mix with the heated volatilised components to provide additional cooling to the heated volatilised components.
• the (b) forming a layer the of the slurry may comprise spraying, casting or extruding the slurry, for example.
• the slurry layer is formed by electrospraying the slurry.
• the slurry layer is formed by casting the slurry.
• the slurry is applied to a support.
• the layer may be formed on a support.
• the slurry may comprise a gelling agent precursor.
• the slurry may comprise sodium, potassium or ammonium alginate as a gel-precursor.
• G units and M units are present in the gelling agent precursor in a molar ratio of from 1:2 to 10:1 (i.e. the number of a-(l-4)-linked L-guluronate units present compared with the number of b-( 1 -4)-linked D-mannuronate units).
• the G units and M units are present in a molar ratio of from 1 :3 to 3 : 1, or from 1:2 to 2:1, or from 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, or from 1:1.2 to 1.2:1.
• the setting the gel (c) may comprise the addition of a setting agent to the slurry.
• (c) may comprise the addition of Ca 2+ cations to the slurry.
• the Ca 2+ cations may be provided as part of a calcium source.
• the slurry may comprise sodium, potassium or ammonium alginate as a gel -precursor, and a setting agent comprising a calcium source (such as a calcium salt, e.g.
• the setting agent, or the calcium source comprises or consists of calcium acetate, calcium formate, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogencarbonate, calcium chloride, calcium lactate, or a combination thereof.
• the setting agent, or the calcium source comprises or consists of calcium formate and/or calcium lactate.
• the setting agent, or the calcium source comprises or consists of calcium formate.
• the inventors have identified that, typically, employing calcium formate as a setting agent, or the calcium source, results in an amorphous solid having a greater tensile strength and greater resistance to elongation.
• the fluid source is a supersaturated solution of calcium source, such as a supersaturated solution of calcium salt(s).
• the fluid source comprises dissolved and suspended (particulate) calcium source, such as dissolved and suspended (particulate) calcium salt.
• the drying (d) may, in some cases, may reduce the cast material thickness by at least 80%, suitably 85% or 87%.
• the slurry may be cast at a thickness of 2mm, and the resulting dried amorphous solid material may have a thickness of 0.2mm.
• the slurry itself may also form part of the invention.
• the slurry solvent may consist essentially of or consist of water.
• the slurry may comprise from about 50wt%, 60wt%, 70wt%, 80wt% or 90wt% of solvent (WWB).
• the method comprises heating the aerosol-generating material to a temperature of less than or equal to 350 °C. In some embodiments, the method comprises heating the aerosol-generating material to a temperature of from about 220 °C to about 280 °C. In some embodiments, the method comprises heating at least a portion of the aerosol-generating material to a temperature of from about 220 °C to about 280 °C over a session of use.
• “Session of use” as used herein refers to a single period of use of the non-combustible aerosol provision system by a user.
• the session of use begins at the point at which power is first supplied to at least one heating unit present in the heating assembly.
• the device will be ready for use after a period of time has elapsed from the start of the session of use.
• the session of use ends at the point at which no power is supplied to any of the heating elements in the aerosol-generating device.
• the end of the session of use may coincide with the point at which the smoking article is depleted (the point at which the total particulate matter yield (mg) in each puff would be deemed unacceptably low by a user).
• the session will have a duration of a plurality of puffs.
• Said session may have a duration less than 7 minutes, or 6 minutes, or 5 minutes, or 4 minutes and 30 seconds, or 4 minutes, or 3 minutes and 30 seconds.
• the session of use may have a duration of from 2 to 5 minutes, or from 3 to 4.5 minutes, or 3.5 to 4.5 minutes, or suitably 4 minutes.
• a session may be initiated by the user actuating a button or switch on the device, causing at least one heating element to begin rising in temperature.
• At least 20wt% of the menthol present in the amorphous solid is aerosolised, or at least 30wt%, 40wt% or 50wt%. That is, after a session of use, the amount of menthol in the amorphous solid is depleted by 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt% or 50wt%.
• the molar ratio of Ca 2+ to G units in the amorphous solid as described herein my allow for efficient delivery of menthol to a user (e.g. a high proportion of active material is aerosolised from the amorphous solid) whilst maintaining a long shelf-life before the amorphous solid is heated by the non combustible aerosol provision device.
• Use of the non-combustible aerosol provision system may comprise interacting with the non-combustible aerosol provision device (e.g. activating an actuator) to initiate a smoking session.
• the non-combustible aerosol provision device e.g. activating an actuator
• a first aerosol-generating material and a second aerosol-generating material were prepared according to methods described herein. Both aerosol-generating materials were prepared from slurries having the following composition (w/w dry weight basis): 50% menthol 20% glycerol 26% sodium alginate 4% pectin
• the aerosol-generating materials differed only in the amount of calcium lactate which was supplied to the slurry to cross-link the alginate.
• the first aerosol-generating material was prepared by supplying calcium lactate to the slurry in an amount such that the molar ratio of Ca 2+ cations to G units in the sodium alginate was 0.4:1; the second aerosol-generating material was prepared by supplying calcium lactate to the slurry in an amount such that the molar ratio of Ca 2+ cations to G units in the sodium alginate was 0.2:1.
• the dried material was formed as a sheet, which was subsequently shredded and combined with tobacco to provide a blend.
• Each blend of aerosol-generating material and tobacco was formed into a rod consumable and provided with a filter as described herein, providing a first consumable comprising the first aerosol-generating material and a second consumable comprising the second aerosol -generating material.
• the puff-by-puff analysis was carried out according to the Health Canada Intense (HCI) puffing regime: no vent blocking, 55mL puff over two seconds, every 30 seconds.
• HCI Health Canada Intense
• Each puff was captured in a gas-tight syringe attached to a smoke engine.
• the captured sample was extracted with solvent and analysed with Gas Chromatography with Flame-Ionization Detection (GC-FID) for quantification of menthol against a calibration range.
• GC-FID Gas Chromatography with Flame-Ionization Detection
• Figure 8 depicts the results of this analysis. As can be seen, both materials give acceptable puff-by-puff menthol sensory performance.
• the first material having a molar ratio of Ca 2+ cations to G units of 0.4:1, was in particular found to provide desirable puff-by-puff menthol sensory performance.

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