WO2021102998A1 - 电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩 - Google Patents

电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021102998A1
WO2021102998A1 PCT/CN2019/122182 CN2019122182W WO2021102998A1 WO 2021102998 A1 WO2021102998 A1 WO 2021102998A1 CN 2019122182 W CN2019122182 W CN 2019122182W WO 2021102998 A1 WO2021102998 A1 WO 2021102998A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
semiconductor power
power tube
controllable switch
state
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/122182
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘洋
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/122182 priority Critical patent/WO2021102998A1/zh
Priority to EP19954287.9A priority patent/EP4054067A4/en
Priority to CN201980008493.4A priority patent/CN113196641B/zh
Publication of WO2021102998A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021102998A1/zh
Priority to US17/827,454 priority patent/US20220294340A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0074—Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a voltage regulation module, a charging module and a charging pile.
  • New Energy Vehicles such as Pure Electric Vehicles (Pure Electric Vehicles/Battery Electric Vehicles) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (Hybrid Electric Vehicles, HEV)
  • charging piles can be divided into AC charging piles and DC charging piles.
  • the charging power of DC charging piles is relatively large, which can meet the fast charging requirements of electric vehicles.
  • the core component of a DC charging pile is a charging module.
  • the charging module is a high-frequency switching power supply whose function is to convert alternating current into direct current that can directly charge the battery.
  • the battery voltage distribution of electric vehicles on the market is quite different, and the voltage distribution range is relatively wide.
  • the battery voltage of small passenger cars is mainly distributed in the range of 300-500 volts
  • the battery voltage of public bus-type vehicles is mainly distributed In the range of 550 to 700 volts
  • some high-end car battery voltages are in the range of 750 to 950 volts. Therefore, in order to meet the charging requirements of different types of electric vehicles, the output voltage of the charging module needs to be adjusted in a wide range.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a voltage adjustment module, a charging module, and a charging pile.
  • the voltage adjustment module, the charging module, and the charging pile can adjust the output voltage in a wide range, and the voltage adjustment module, the charging module When charging electric vehicles or other equipment, the battery and charging pile can realize the switching process from low-voltage output state to high-voltage output state and high-voltage output state to low-voltage output state without power failure.
  • the voltage regulation module, charging module and charging pile may be as follows:
  • a voltage regulation module including a first direct current-to-direct current (DC/DC) converter module, a second DC/DC converter module, a first controllable switch module, and a second Two controllable switch modules, a third controllable switch module, a first semiconductor power tube module, a second semiconductor power tube module, and a third semiconductor power tube module.
  • the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module and the positive output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module are connected through the first controllable switch module.
  • the positive output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module is connected to the positive output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module through the second controllable switch module, and the first DC/DC converter module
  • the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module is connected to the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module through the third controllable switch module.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module is connected in parallel to both ends of the first controllable switch module
  • the second semiconductor power tube module is connected in parallel to both ends of the second controllable switch module
  • the third semiconductor power tube module is connected in parallel to both ends of the second controllable switch module.
  • the tube module is connected in parallel with both ends of the third controllable switch module.
  • the voltage adjustment module can be set in the charging module for output voltage adjustment and external output.
  • the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module is the external output positive terminal of the entire voltage regulation module
  • the second The output negative terminal of the DC/DC converter module is the external output negative terminal of the entire voltage regulation module.
  • the output positive terminals of the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are both voltage regulators
  • the external output positive terminal of the module, and the output negative terminals of the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are both the external output negative terminal of the voltage regulation module.
  • the above-mentioned external output negative terminal and external output positive terminal can be direct external output or indirect external output, that is, the external output negative terminal and external output positive terminal can be connected with fuse, diode, switch, resistor and other devices.
  • the output negative terminal of the first DC/DC converter module is connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module through the first controllable switch module, which may be directly connected or indirectly connected, that is, the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the first controllable switch module In addition to the first controllable switch module, diodes, resistors, fuses and other devices can be provided between the negative output terminal of the DC converter module and the positive output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module.
  • the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module and the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module are connected through the second controllable switch module, which can be directly connected or indirectly connected, that is, the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the second controllable switch module In addition to the second controllable switch module, other devices such as diodes, resistors, fuses and the like can be arranged between the output positive terminal of the DC converter module and the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module.
  • the output negative terminal of the first DC/DC converter module is connected to the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module through the third controllable switch module, which can be directly connected or indirectly connected, that is, the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the third controllable switch module diodes, resistors, fuses and other devices can be provided between the negative output terminal of the DC converter module and the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module.
  • Each DC/DC converter group can include one DC/DC converter or multiple DC/DC converters.
  • the multiple DC/DC converters can be connected in series, in parallel, or in series and The parallel combination is not limited in this application.
  • the connection mode and number of the DC/DC converters included in the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module may be the same or different. It is important to note that each or one DC/DC converter module can include two DC/DC converter units. Between the two DC/DC converter units, the first DC/DC converter module can be It is connected with the connection mode of the second DC/DC converter module, and the connection mode and the number of DC/DC converters included in each DC/DC converter unit may be the same or different.
  • Each or one DC/DC converter unit may further include two DC/DC converter units, and so on.
  • the DC/DC converter can be of any isolated topology, and the input structure of the DC/DC converter does not have any restrictions, and it can be a series structure or a parallel structure or other forms.
  • the DC/DC converter is a device that converts the electric energy of one voltage value into the electric energy of another voltage value in the DC circuit. It can convert and stabilize the input DC voltage before outputting the DC voltage.
  • DC/DC The converter may include one or more of a boost converter, a buck converter, and a buck-boost converter.
  • the controllable switch module is a switch module that can be closed and opened through a control signal. It can be a relay group or a contactor group, and it can be an AC type or a DC type. Each controllable switch module may include one controllable switch or multiple controllable switches, and the multiple controllable switches may be connected in parallel, or in series, or a combination of series and parallel.
  • the above-mentioned controllable switch module is a first controllable switch module, a second controllable switch module or a third controllable switch module.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module is a controllable semiconductor power tube module
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module may be a controllable semiconductor power tube module, or an uncontrollable semiconductor power tube module, or a controllable semiconductor power tube module.
  • the semiconductor power tube in the controllable semiconductor power tube module can be a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR), a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOS), and an insulated gate double One or more of the polar transistors (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), and the semiconductor power tube in the uncontrollable semiconductor power tube module may be a diode.
  • Each semiconductor power tube module can include one semiconductor power tube or multiple semiconductor power tubes. The types of the multiple semiconductor power tubes can be the same or different. Multiple semiconductor power tubes can be connected in series or in parallel. , It can also be a combination of series and parallel.
  • the MOS tube and the IGBT tube include a diode.
  • the MOS tube or IGBT tube When the MOS tube or IGBT tube is turned on, the MOS tube or IGBT tube is in a bidirectional state. When the MOS tube or IGBT tube is turned off, the MOS tube or IGBT tube is One-way connectable state, that is, it can be conducted through the diode in it. It is understandable that if the drive in the MOS tube and the IGBT tube is turned off, the MOS tube and the IGBT tube can be used as diodes.
  • MOS tube group and the IGBT tube group are controllable semiconductor power tubes, they may not be electrically connected to the processor, or although they are electrically connected to the processor, the processor does not control it or It does not control the state change of its drive, so that its drive is always in the off state.
  • the SCR tube When the drive of the SCR tube is turned on, the SCR tube is in a unidirectional state, and when the drive of the SCR tube is turned off, the SCR tube is in a non-communicable state, which can also be called a cut-off state. It is understandable that when the drive of the SCR tube is turned on, the SCR tube can also be used as a diode. That is, the SCR tube can be electrically connected to the processor, but the processor does not need to control the state change of its drive, and it can always be turned on.
  • the diode is an uncontrollable semiconductor power tube, which is always in a unidirectional state.
  • the voltage regulation module may also include a processor.
  • the processor is the control component of the voltage regulation module, which can be electrically connected to a plurality of controllable switch modules, and can also be connected to a plurality of controllable switch modules.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module is electrically connected.
  • each controllable switch module and semiconductor power tube module can be controlled by the processor to turn on and off according to a certain timing, and seamless switching without power failure can be realized.
  • the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application provides a voltage adjustment module that can be used in a charging module to adjust the output voltage.
  • the voltage regulation module series circuit and parallel circuit are set, and controllable switch modules are set in series circuit and parallel circuit, so that when low-voltage output is required, the parallel circuit can be turned on and the series circuit can be disconnected.
  • the series circuit can be turned on and the parallel circuit can be disconnected, thereby achieving the purpose of enabling the output voltage to be adjusted in a wider interval.
  • the charging voltage also rises accordingly.
  • the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module in the voltage regulation module are in a parallel conduction state at the beginning, the output voltage of the two DC/DC converter modules can be controlled to increase.
  • the output voltage of the DC/DC converter module is adjusted to the highest state, if the voltage requirement of the rechargeable battery cannot be met at this time, the two DC/DC converter modules need to be switched from the parallel conduction state to the series conduction state. , Can also be called high-voltage output state.
  • the semiconductor power tube module is connected in parallel at both ends of the controllable switch module, so that the series circuit and the parallel circuit can also be conducted through the semiconductor power tube module, and both are disconnected in the controllable switch module.
  • the voltage regulation module will not be powered down, and seamless switching between the high-voltage output state and the low-voltage output state without power-off is realized.
  • the electric vehicle charging will not be interrupted, which improves the charging experience of the electric vehicle.
  • the voltage adjustment module provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other charging devices for charging other terminals.
  • it is applied to the chargers of mobile phones, computers and other terminals.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module includes at least one of a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOS tube, an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT tube, and a silicon controlled rectifier SCR tube.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module includes at least one of a diode, a MOS tube, an IGBT tube, and an SCR tube.
  • the third semiconductor power tube module includes at least one of a diode, a MOS tube, an IGBT tube, and an SCR tube.
  • each semiconductor power tube module may include one semiconductor power tube or multiple semiconductor power tubes.
  • the types of the multiple semiconductor power tubes may be the same or different.
  • the tubes can be connected in series, in parallel, or a combination of series and parallel.
  • each semiconductor power tube module can include only one type of semiconductor power tube.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module is a MOS tube module, an IGBT tube module or an SCR tube module
  • the second semiconductor power tube module is It is a diode module, a MOS tube module, an IGBT tube module or an SCR tube module
  • the third semiconductor power tube module is a diode module, a MOS tube module, an IGBT tube module or an SCR tube module.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module includes a MOS tube or an IGBT tube, and the anode of the diode in the MOS tube or the IGBT tube is negatively connected to the output of the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the cathode of the diode in the MOS tube or the IGBT tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module includes an SCR tube, the anode of the SCR tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module, and the cathode of the SCR tube is connected to the second DC/DC converter.
  • the output positive terminal of the converter module is connected.
  • the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module cannot be turned on through the controllable semiconductor power tube.
  • the drive of the controllable semiconductor power tube is In the open state, if the voltage at one end of the controllable semiconductor power tube connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module is greater than the voltage at the other end of the controllable semiconductor power tube, the first DC/DC converter module and The second DC/DC converter module is turned on through a controllable semiconductor power tube.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module includes a MOS tube or an IGBT tube, and the anode of the diode in the MOS tube or IGBT tube is connected to the output of the second DC/DC converter module.
  • the cathode of the diode in the MOS tube or the IGBT tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module includes a diode or SCR tube, the anode of the diode or SCR tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module, and the cathode of the diode or SCR tube Connected to the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module can realize a unidirectional conduction state in which the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module flows to the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the third semiconductor power tube module includes a MOS tube or an IGBT tube, and the anode of the diode in the MOS tube or the IGBT tube is negatively connected to the output of the second DC/DC converter module.
  • the cathode of the diode in the MOS tube or the IGBT tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the third semiconductor power tube module includes a diode or SCR tube
  • the anode of the diode or SCR tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module, and the cathode of the diode or SCR tube Connected to the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the third semiconductor power tube module can realize a unidirectional conduction state in which the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module flows to the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the first controllable switch module when the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a series conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in a closed state, The second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in an off state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube is in an on or off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the first semiconductor power tube are in an open state or an off state.
  • the three-semiconductor power tube module is in a non-communication state or a unidirectional communication state.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in a closed state,
  • the first controllable switch module is in an off state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube is in an off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in a non-communication state, bidirectional Through state or one-way through state.
  • the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a series conduction state, which can also be referred to as the voltage regulation module being in a high-voltage output state.
  • the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a parallel conduction state, which can also be referred to as the voltage regulation module being in a low-voltage output state.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in the off state, and the driving of the first semiconductor power tube is in the on or off state.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in a non-communicable state or a unidirectional conductive state, the series circuit is conducted through the first controllable switch module.
  • the first controllable switch module is in the off state
  • the driving of the first semiconductor power tube is in the off state
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube are in the off state.
  • the power tube module is in a non-communicable state, a bidirectional communicable state, or a unidirectional communicable state
  • the parallel circuit is conducted through the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a processor configured to connect the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module by the parallel connection
  • a processor configured to connect the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module by the parallel connection
  • the solution shown in the embodiment of the application controls the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch when the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in a unidirectional or bidirectional state.
  • the module is disconnected, which can ensure the moment when the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube can automatically continue to flow.
  • This also enables the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module to perform a disconnection action at a lower voltage.
  • the first controllable switch module After the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on, the first controllable switch module is closed, so that the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are turned on through the first controllable switch module to switch carry out. This also makes the first controllable switch module close at a lower voltage.
  • controlling the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module to be disconnected may be disconnected at the same time or not at the same time.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a processor, where the processor is used for connecting the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module by the series connection
  • the first controllable switch module is controlled to be turned off.
  • the control of the first semiconductor power tube module The drive is turned off. After the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are closed.
  • the first controllable switch module by controlling the first controllable switch module to turn off when the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on, it can ensure that the moment the first controllable switch module is turned off, the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off.
  • the power tube module can automatically continue to flow. This also enables the first controllable switch module to perform a disconnection action at a lower voltage.
  • the first controllable switch module When the first controllable switch module is in the off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in a unidirectional state (if the previous two-way state or non-communicable state, you need to switch It is a unidirectional state), controlling the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module to turn off, which can ensure the moment when the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off, the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module It is not short-circuited, and immediately conducts through the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are closed, so that the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are conducted through the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module.
  • the switching is completed, which also makes the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module perform a closing action under a smaller voltage.
  • closing the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module may be closed at the same time or not at the same time.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a power regulation module, which can realize seamless switching without power failure during the switching process, and improves the electric vehicle
  • the charging experience improves the service life of the rechargeable battery.
  • the semiconductor power tube module automatically continues to flow when the controllable switch module is disconnected, and when the controllable switch module is closed, the semiconductor power tube module connected in parallel immediately before The power tube module is in a conducting state, therefore, the opening and closing of the controllable switch module is performed under a small voltage, which improves the service life of the controllable switch module.
  • this feature also makes that when the controllable switch module is an AC relay, since its opening and closing are performed at a small voltage, the ignition and arcing that occurs under a large voltage in the related technology will not occur. Phenomenon, so you can use cheaper AC relays instead of more expensive DC relays, saving costs.
  • the first controllable switch module when the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a series conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in a closed state, The second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in an off state, and the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is in an on state.
  • the first controllable switch module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module And the third controllable switch module is in a closed state, and the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is in a closed state.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module may both include diodes.
  • both the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module include driving MOS tubes or IGBT tubes that are always in the off state.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module both include an SCR tube that drives the always-on state.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module may also be a combination of any of the foregoing semiconductor power tubes.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module both include the control logic of the diode, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module both include driving the MOS tube and the IGBT tube that are always in the off state.
  • the control logic of the SCR tube that drives the always-on state is the same.
  • the first controllable switch module when the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a series conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module is And the third controllable switch module is in a disconnected state, then at this time, the series circuit is turned on.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is in an on state, the first semiconductor power tube module will automatically continue to flow when the first controllable switch module is disconnected.
  • the first controllable switch module When the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the off state, and the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in Closed state, at this time, the parallel circuit is turned on.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are diode groups, when the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected, the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module A forward voltage drop is generated at both ends of the power tube module, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module automatically continue to flow.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a processor, and the processor is configured to be used by the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module by the When the parallel conduction state is switched to the series conduction state, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are controlled to be disconnected, and the second controllable switch module and the first controllable switch module are controlled to be disconnected. After the three controllable switch modules are disconnected, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on, and after the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on, the first controllable switch module is closed.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the series conduction state, the processor first controls the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module to disconnect, then the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor A forward voltage drop is generated at both ends of the power tube module, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module automatically continue to flow. Then, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is controlled to be turned on, and the series circuit is immediately turned on through the first semiconductor power tube module, and the forward voltage drop at both ends of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module disappears and automatically cuts off shut down. Finally, the first controllable switch module is closed. At this time, the series circuit is turned on through the first controllable switch module, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a processor configured to connect the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module by the series connection
  • the first controllable switch module is controlled to be turned off, and after the first controllable switch module is turned off, the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are closed.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the parallel conduction state, the processor first controls the first controllable switch module to turn off. Since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is in the on state, the first semiconductor power The tube module automatically continues to flow, and the series circuit is still maintained in a conducting state. Then, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is controlled to be turned off, and the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module immediately generate a positive pressure difference, the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module Conduction. Finally, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are controlled to be closed. At this time, the parallel circuit is turned on through the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module includes at least one of a MOS tube and an IGBT tube
  • the third semiconductor power tube module includes at least one of a MOS tube and an IGBT tube.
  • the first controllable switch module When the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module And the third controllable switch module are in a closed state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is in a closed state, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in an open state.
  • the first controllable switch module when the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a series conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module is And the third controllable switch module is in a disconnected state, then at this time, the series circuit is turned on.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is in an on state, the first semiconductor power tube module will automatically continue to flow when the first controllable switch module is disconnected.
  • the first controllable switch module When the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the off state, and the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in Closed state, at this time, the parallel circuit is turned on.
  • the semiconductor power tubes in the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module include diodes, when the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected, the second semiconductor power tube module And the third semiconductor power tube will automatically continue to flow.
  • MOS tubes and IGBT tubes include diodes
  • MOS tubes and IGBT tubes can be used as diodes. Therefore, when the first semiconductor power tube module and the second semiconductor power tube module include a MOS tube and an IGBT tube, the MOS tube and the IGBT tube do not need to be electrically connected to the processor, and the drive is always turned off; or, the MOS tube and Although the IGBT tube is connected to the processor, the processor may not control it.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a processor, and the processing The device is used to control the second controllable state when the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are switched from the parallel conduction state to the series conduction state.
  • the switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected. After the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected, the second semiconductor power tube module and the third controllable switch module are turned off.
  • the driving of the semiconductor power tube module after the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned off, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on, and the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on. After the drive of the module is turned on, the first controllable switch module is closed.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the series conduction state, the processor first controls the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module to disconnect. At this time, the second semiconductor power tube module and the first controllable switch module are disconnected. Three semiconductor power tube modules automatically continue to flow. Then, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module is controlled to be turned off. At this time, the current can continue to conduct through the diodes in the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module. Then, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is controlled to turn on.
  • the series circuit is turned on through the first semiconductor power tube module, and the diodes in the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are automatically turned off. Finally, the first controllable switch module is controlled to be closed. At this time, the series circuit is turned on through the first controllable switch module, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a processor, and the processing The device is used to control the first controllable state when the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are switched from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state
  • the switch module is disconnected. After the first controllable switch module is disconnected, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off, and after the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off, the second semiconductor is turned on.
  • the driving of the power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module after the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned on, the second controllable switch module and the The third controllable switch module.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the parallel conduction state, the processor first controls the first controllable switch module to turn off. Since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is in the on state, the first semiconductor power The tube module automatically continues to flow, and the series circuit is still maintained in a conducting state. Then, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is controlled to be turned off, and the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module immediately generate a positive pressure difference, and the parallel circuit passes through the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module. The diode in the power tube module is turned on. Then, turn on the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module. Finally, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are controlled to be closed. At this time, the parallel circuit is turned on through the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • both the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module include SCR tubes.
  • the first controllable switch module is in a closed state
  • the second controllable switch module and The third controllable switch module is in an off state
  • the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is in an on state
  • the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in an off state, or Open state.
  • the first controllable switch module When the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module And the third controllable switch module are in a closed state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is in a closed state, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in an open state.
  • the first controllable switch module when the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a series conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module is And the third controllable switch module is in a disconnected state, then at this time, the series circuit is turned on.
  • the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module since the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is in an on state, the first semiconductor power tube module will automatically continue to flow at the moment when the first controllable switch module is disconnected.
  • the first controllable switch module When the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the off state, and the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in Closed state, at this time, the parallel circuit is turned on. In order to make the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module, after the series circuit is disconnected, the current can be automatically continued.
  • the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off, the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module The drive of the power tube should be turned on.
  • the driving of the SCR tube when the driving of the SCR tube is turned on, it can be used as a diode, so the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module can always be turned on.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a processor, and the processor is used to When the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are switched from the parallel conduction state to the series conduction state, control the second controllable switch module and the The third controllable switch module is disconnected. After the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on, and the first semiconductor power After the drive of the tube module is turned on, the first controllable switch module is closed.
  • the processor When it is necessary to switch to the series conduction state, the processor first controls the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module to disconnect. At this time, because the drive of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module is in Open state, so the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module automatically continue to flow. Then, when the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on, the series circuit is conducted through the first semiconductor power tube module, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are automatically cut off and closed. Finally, the first controllable switch module is controlled to be closed. At this time, the series circuit is turned on through the first controllable switch module, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a processor, and the processor is configured to perform the When a DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are switched from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is controlled to be turned off, if When the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module is in the off state, after the first controllable switch module is disconnected, the second semiconductor power tube module and the first semiconductor power tube module are turned on. Three semiconductor power tube modules are driven.
  • the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off, and the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned off.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are closed.
  • the first controllable switch module is controlled to be turned off, and if the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in the on state, the first controllable switch module is turned off.
  • the specific switching process is also different depending on the driving state of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module.
  • the processor first controls the first controllable switch module to turn off. Since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is in the on state, the first semiconductor power tube module automatically continues to flow, and the series circuit is still maintained in the on state. Then, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned on. At this time, since the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module is turned on, the series circuit is still maintained in a conducting state. Then, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube is turned off, and the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module immediately generate a positive pressure difference, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned on . Finally, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are controlled to be closed. At this time, the parallel circuit is turned on through the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the drivers of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in the on state:
  • the processor first controls the first controllable switch module to turn off. Since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module is in the on state, the first semiconductor power tube module automatically continues to flow, and the series circuit is still maintained in the on state. Then, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube is turned off, and the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module immediately generate a positive pressure difference, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned on . Finally, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are controlled to be closed. At this time, the parallel circuit is turned on through the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor, and two ends of the first capacitor are respectively connected to the output positive terminal and the output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module.
  • the negative terminal is connected, and both ends of the second capacitor are respectively connected to the output positive terminal and the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module.
  • a first capacitor is provided between the output positive terminal and the output negative terminal of the first DC/DC converter module, and the output positive terminal and the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module
  • the second capacitor is arranged between the terminals, which can play the role of rectification and filtering, and can filter out some AC components in the DC point output by the DC/DC converter module, thereby making the output voltage more stable and improving the performance of the electric vehicle.
  • the charging experience extends the service life of the rechargeable battery.
  • the voltage regulation module further includes a third capacitor, and both ends of the third capacitor are respectively connected to the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC /DC converter module output negative terminal connection.
  • the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application can also play the role of rectification and filtering by providing a third capacitor between the positive output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module and the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module. , Can filter out some AC components in the DC point output by the voltage regulation module, thereby making the output voltage more stable and improving the charging experience of the electric vehicle.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a voltage regulation module, including a first DC-to-DC DC/DC converter module, a second DC/DC converter module, a first controllable switch module, and a second controllable switch Module, third controllable switch module, second semiconductor power tube module and third semiconductor power tube module.
  • the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module and the positive output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module are connected through the first controllable switch module.
  • the positive output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module is connected to the positive output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module through the second controllable switch module, and the first DC/DC converter module
  • the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module is connected to the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module through the third controllable switch module.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module is connected in parallel to both ends of the second controllable switch module
  • the third semiconductor power tube module is connected in parallel to both ends of the third controllable switch module.
  • each device in the voltage regulation module can refer to the introduction of the corresponding device in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.
  • the connection mode of each device can also refer to the content of the first aspect.
  • the voltage regulation module provided in the second aspect can be understood as any voltage regulation module provided in the first aspect obtained by removing the first semiconductor power tube module.
  • the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application lacks the first semiconductor power tube group in the voltage regulation module provided in the second aspect. Therefore, the switching between the series state and the parallel state is In the process, the action of the first semiconductor power tube of the voltage regulation module provided in the first aspect can be removed, and the state change process of each device in the switching process of the voltage regulation module provided in the second aspect can be obtained.
  • the voltage adjustment module provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used in a charging module to adjust the output voltage.
  • series circuit and parallel circuit are set, and controllable switch modules are set in series circuit and parallel circuit, so that when low-voltage output is required, the parallel circuit can be turned on and the series circuit can be disconnected.
  • high-voltage output is required At this time, the series circuit can be turned on and the parallel circuit can be disconnected, thereby achieving the purpose of enabling the output voltage to be adjusted in a wider interval.
  • the voltage adjustment module provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other charging devices to charge other terminals.
  • it is applied to the chargers of mobile phones, computers and other terminals.
  • the voltage regulation module provided in the embodiments of the present application can be switched from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state when the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in a unidirectional state,
  • the first controllable switch module is disconnected, at this time, the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module immediately generate a forward voltage drop, and the parallel circuit immediately passes through the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module.
  • the power tube module is turned on. Then, the second controllable switch group and the third controllable switch group are closed, and the switching is completed.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected.
  • Controllable switch module at this time, the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module immediately generate a forward voltage drop at both ends, and the parallel circuit becomes the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module. through.
  • the first controllable switch module is closed, the forward voltage drop generated at both ends of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module disappears, the series circuit is immediately turned on through the first controllable switch module, and the switching is completed.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a power regulation module, which can realize seamless switching without power failure during the switching process, and improves the electric vehicle Charging experience.
  • the semiconductor power tube module is turned off at the moment when the controllable switch module is disconnected. Automatic freewheeling, and at the moment when the controllable switch module is closed, the semiconductor power tube module connected in parallel is in the conducting state at the moment before. Therefore, the opening and closing of the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are both Performed at a low voltage, this improves the service life of the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module.
  • this feature also makes it possible that when the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are AC relays, since their opening and closing are performed at a small voltage, there will be no major problems in the related technology. The phenomenon of sparking and arcing under voltage, so you can use cheaper AC relays instead of more expensive DC relays, which saves costs.
  • first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module both include diodes:
  • the first controllable switch module When the voltage regulating module is in the series conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in the disconnected state.
  • the voltage regulation module When the voltage regulation module is in the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in a closed state.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are controlled to be disconnected, and the second semiconductor power tube group and the third semiconductor power tube group automatically continue to flow After the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected, the first controllable switch module is closed.
  • the first controllable switch module In the process of switching from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is controlled to be turned off, then the second semiconductor power tube group and the third semiconductor power tube group are immediately turned on, and the first controllable switch After the module is disconnected, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are closed.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module includes at least one of a MOS tube and an IGBT tube
  • the third semiconductor power tube module includes at least one of a MOS tube and an IGBT tube
  • the first controllable switch module When the voltage regulating module is in the series conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the closed state, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in the off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power
  • the drive of the tube module is turned off.
  • the voltage regulation module is in the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the off state, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in the closed state, and the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power module are in the closed state.
  • the drive of the tube module is on.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are enabled to be disconnected. After the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module is enabled to be turned off. After the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned off, the first controllable switch module is enabled to turn on.
  • the first controllable switch module is enabled to be turned off. After the first controllable switch module is turned off, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module is enabled to be turned on. After the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned on, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are enabled to be closed.
  • the first controllable switch module When the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in series conduction state, the first controllable switch module is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in the off state. In the on state, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in the off state or the on state.
  • the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in the parallel conduction state
  • the first controllable switch module is in the off state
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are in In the closed state, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in an open state.
  • the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are enabled to be disconnected. After the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are disconnected, the first controllable switch module is enabled to close.
  • the first controllable switch module is enabled to be turned off. If the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned off, after the first controllable switch module is turned off, enable the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module to turn on . After the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are turned on, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are enabled to be closed.
  • the first controllable switch module In the process of switching from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module is enabled to be turned off. If the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are in the open state, after the first controllable switch module is disconnected, the second controllable switch module and the third controllable switch module are enabled to be closed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging module, which includes the voltage adjustment module according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.
  • the charging module can be used in charging piles, and can also be used in other charging devices.
  • the charging module may include a voltage adjustment module and an AC/DC conversion module.
  • the AC/DC conversion module is used to convert AC power to DC power and output to the voltage adjustment module, specifically, output to the voltage adjustment module In the DC/DC converter module.
  • the voltage adjustment module is used to adjust the output voltage and output voltage externally.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a charging pile, which includes the charging module described above.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is that a series circuit and a parallel circuit are arranged between the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module, and a controllable switch module is arranged in the series circuit and the parallel circuit , So that when low voltage output is required, the parallel circuit can be turned on and the series circuit can be disconnected. When high voltage output is required, the series circuit can be turned on and the parallel circuit can be disconnected. The purpose of adjustment in a wider interval.
  • the semiconductor power tube modules in parallel at both ends of the controllable switch module the series circuit and the parallel circuit can also be conducted through the semiconductor power tube module. Therefore, when the controllable switch modules are both disconnected, the voltage regulation module is also turned off. There is no power failure, and seamless switching between the high-voltage output state and the low-voltage output state without power failure is realized.
  • the electric vehicle charging will not be interrupted, which improves the charging experience of the electric vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adjustment module provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adjustment module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adjustment module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adjustment module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adjustment module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adjustment module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adjustment module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a switching process of a voltage switching module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adjustment module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first DC/DC converter module 2. The second DC/DC converter module, 3. The first controllable switch module, 4. The second controllable switch module, 5. The third controllable switch module, 6 , The first semiconductor power tube module, 7, the second semiconductor power tube module, 8, the third semiconductor power tube module, 9, the first capacitor, 10, the second capacitor, 11, and the third capacitor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a voltage adjustment module, a charging module, and a charging pile, which can be used to charge an electric vehicle.
  • the output voltage of the DC/DC converter module in the control voltage adjustment module also increases.
  • multiple DC/DC converter modules can be switched to the series conduction state, or It is called the high-voltage output state.
  • the voltage regulation module includes a first DC-to-DC DC/DC converter module 1, a second DC/DC converter module 2, a first The controllable switch module 3, the second controllable switch module 4, the third controllable switch module 5, the first semiconductor power tube module 6, the second semiconductor power tube module 7, and the third semiconductor power tube module 8.
  • a first controllable switch module 3 is provided between the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the positive output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2.
  • a second controllable switch module 4 is provided between the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2, and the output of the first DC/DC converter module 1
  • a third controllable switch module 5 is connected between the negative terminal and the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is connected in parallel to both ends of the first controllable switch module 3
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 is connected in parallel to both ends of the second controllable switch module 4
  • the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is connected in parallel to the first Three ends of the controllable switch module 5.
  • the voltage adjustment module can be set in the charging module for output voltage adjustment and external output.
  • the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 is the external output positive terminal of the entire voltage regulation module
  • the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 is the external output negative terminal of the entire voltage regulation module.
  • the output positive terminals of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 Both are the external output positive terminal of the voltage regulation module, and the output negative terminals of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are both the external output negative terminal of the voltage regulation module.
  • the above-mentioned external output negative terminal and external output positive terminal can be direct external output or indirect external output, that is, the external output negative terminal and external output positive terminal can be connected with fuse, diode, switch, resistor and other devices.
  • the output negative terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 are connected through the first controllable switch module 3, which may be directly connected or indirectly connected, that is, the first In addition to the first controllable switch module 3, diodes, resistors, and fuses may be provided between the negative output terminal of the DC/DC converter module 1 and the positive output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 And other devices.
  • the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 are connected through the second controllable switch module 4, which may be directly connected or indirectly connected, that is, the first
  • a diode, a resistor, and a fuse can also be provided between the output positive terminal of a DC/DC converter module 1 and the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 And other devices.
  • the output negative terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 are connected through the third controllable switch module 5, which may be directly connected or indirectly connected, that is, the first In addition to the third controllable switch module 5, diodes, resistors, and fuses can be provided between the negative output terminal of a DC/DC converter module 1 and the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 And other devices.
  • Each DC/DC converter group can include one DC/DC converter or multiple DC/DC converters.
  • the multiple DC/DC converters can be connected in series, in parallel, or in series and The parallel combination is not limited in this application.
  • the connection mode and number of DC/DC converters included in the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 may be the same or different. It is important to note that each or one DC/DC converter module can include two DC/DC converter units. Between the two DC/DC converter units, the first DC/DC converter module can be It is connected with the connection mode of the second DC/DC converter module, and the connection mode and the number of DC/DC converters included in each DC/DC converter unit may be the same or different.
  • Each or one DC/DC converter unit may further include two DC/DC converter units, and so on.
  • the DC/DC converter can be of any isolated topology, and the input structure of the DC/DC converter does not have any restrictions, and it can be a series structure or a parallel structure or other forms.
  • the DC/DC converter is a device that converts the electric energy of one voltage value into the electric energy of another voltage value in the DC circuit. It can convert and stabilize the input DC voltage before outputting the DC voltage.
  • DC/DC The converter may include one or more of a boost converter, a buck converter, and a buck-boost converter.
  • the controllable switch module is a switch module that can be closed and opened through a control signal. It can be a relay group or a contactor group, and it can be an AC type or a DC type. Each controllable switch module may include one controllable switch or multiple controllable switches, and the multiple controllable switches may be connected in parallel, or in series, or a combination of series and parallel.
  • the above-mentioned controllable switch module is the first controllable switch module 3, the second controllable switch module 4 or the third controllable switch module 5.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is a controllable semiconductor power tube module
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 can be a controllable semiconductor power tube module or an uncontrollable semiconductor power tube module, and It can be a combination of a controllable semiconductor power tube and an uncontrollable semiconductor power tube.
  • the semiconductor power tube in the controllable semiconductor power tube module can be a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR), a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOS), and an insulated gate double One or more of the polar transistors (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), and the semiconductor power tube in the uncontrollable semiconductor power tube module may be a diode.
  • Each semiconductor power tube module can include one semiconductor power tube or multiple semiconductor power tubes. The types of the multiple semiconductor power tubes can be the same or different. Multiple semiconductor power tubes can be connected in series or in parallel. , It can also be a combination of series and parallel.
  • each semiconductor power tube module can include only one type of semiconductor power tube.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module is a MOS tube group, an IGBT tube group or an SCR tube group
  • the second semiconductor power tube module It is a diode group, MOS tube group, IGBT tube group or SCR tube group
  • the third semiconductor power tube module is a diode group, MOS tube group, IGBT tube group or SCR tube group.
  • the MOS tube and the IGBT tube include diodes.
  • the MOS tube or IGBT tube When the driving of the MOS tube or IGBT tube is turned on, the MOS tube or The IGBT tube is in a bidirectional state.
  • the driving of the MOS tube or IGBT tube When the driving of the MOS tube or IGBT tube is turned off, the MOS tube or IGBT tube is in a unidirectional state, that is, it can be turned on by one of the diodes. It is understandable that if the drive in the MOS tube and the IGBT tube is turned off, the MOS tube and the IGBT tube can be used as diodes.
  • MOS tube group and the IGBT tube group are controllable semiconductor power tubes, they may not be electrically connected to the processor, or although they are electrically connected to the processor, the processor does not control it or It does not control the state change of its drive, so that its drive is always in the off state.
  • the SCR tube when the drive of the SCR tube is turned on, the SCR tube is in a unidirectional state, and when the drive of the SCR tube is turned off, The SCR tube is in a non-communicable state, which can also be called an off state. It is understandable that when the drive of the SCR tube is turned on, the SCR tube can be used as a diode. That is, the SCR tube can be electrically connected to the processor, but the processor does not need to control the state change of its drive, and it can always be turned on.
  • the diode is an uncontrollable semiconductor power tube, which is always in a unidirectional state.
  • connection mode of the semiconductor power tube in each semiconductor power tube module in the power regulation module is as follows:
  • the controllable semiconductor power tube in the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is the controllable semiconductor power tube in the first semiconductor power tube module 6:
  • controllable semiconductor power tube is a MOS tube or an IGBT tube
  • the anode of the diode in the controllable semiconductor power tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1, which is controllable
  • the cathode of the diode in the semiconductor power tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2.
  • controllable semiconductor power tube is an SCR tube
  • the anode of the controllable semiconductor power tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1
  • the cathode of the controllable semiconductor power tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1.
  • the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 is connected.
  • the above connection method can be realized: when the drive of the controllable semiconductor power tube is turned off, the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 cannot be conducted through the controllable semiconductor power tube.
  • the drive of the controllable semiconductor power tube is turned on, if the voltage at one end of the controllable semiconductor power tube connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 is greater than the voltage at the other end of the controllable semiconductor power tube, Then the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are conducted through the controllable semiconductor power tube.
  • the semiconductor power tube in the second semiconductor power tube module 7 is the semiconductor power tube in the second semiconductor power tube module 7:
  • the semiconductor power tube is a MOS tube or an IGBT tube
  • the anode of the semiconductor power tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2
  • the cathode of the semiconductor power tube is connected to the first DC/DC converter module 2.
  • the output positive terminal of the DC converter module 1 is connected.
  • the semiconductor power tube is a diode or SCR tube
  • the anode of the semiconductor power tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2
  • the cathode of the semiconductor power tube is connected to the first DC/DC converter.
  • the output positive terminal of module 1 is connected.
  • the semiconductor power tube in the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is the semiconductor power tube in the third semiconductor power tube module 8:
  • the semiconductor power tube is a MOS tube or an IGBT tube
  • the anode of the diode in the semiconductor power tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2
  • the cathode of the diode in the semiconductor power tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2.
  • the output negative terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 is connected.
  • the anode of the semiconductor power tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2, and the cathode of the semiconductor power tube is connected to the first DC/DC converter.
  • the output negative terminal of the converter module 1 is connected.
  • connection mode of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 can be realized:
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 can realize a unidirectional conduction state in which the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 flows to the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1.
  • the third semiconductor power tube module 8 can realize a unidirectional conduction state in which the negative output terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 flows to the negative output terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1.
  • the voltage regulation module also includes a processor.
  • the processor is the control component of the voltage regulation module.
  • the processor is connected to the first controllable switch module 3 and the second controllable switch.
  • the module 4, the third controllable switch module 5, and the first semiconductor power tube module 6 are connected.
  • the processor controls each controllable switch module and the semiconductor power tube module to turn on and off according to a certain time sequence, which can realize seamless switching without power failure.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 when the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in series conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state and the second controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state.
  • the control switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in an off state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube 6 is in an on or off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in a unidirectional state. Available or unavailable state.
  • the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in the closed state, and the first controllable The switch module 3 is in the off state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube 6 is in the off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in a non-communicable state, a bidirectional communicable state, or a unidirectional communicable state .
  • the processor controls the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to disconnect when the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in a unidirectional or bidirectional state. .
  • the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in the off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in a unidirectional state, the first semiconductor power is controlled
  • the driving of the tube module 6 is turned on, and after the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, the first controllable switch module 3 is closed.
  • the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in the off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in a unidirectional state (if the previous two-way It needs to be switched to the one-way communicable state), and control the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 to turn on, which can ensure that the moment when the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are not short-circuited, and are immediately connected through the first semiconductor power tube module 6.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 After the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, when the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, the first controllable switch module 3 is closed, so that the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second The DC/DC converter module 2 is turned on through the first controllable switch module 3, and the switching is completed. This also enables the first controllable switch module 3 to perform a closing action at a lower voltage.
  • controlling the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to be disconnected may be disconnected at the same time or not at the same time.
  • the processor controls the first controllable switch module 3 to turn off when the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the on state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 is in the off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in a unidirectional state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is controlled to be turned off, After the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are closed.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 By controlling the first controllable switch module 3 to turn off when the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the on state, it can be ensured that the moment when the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off, the first semiconductor power tube module 6 can be automatically turned off. Freewheeling. This also enables the first controllable switch module 3 to perform a disconnection action at a lower voltage.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first controllable switch module 3 is in the off state, and the second semiconductor power tube module 6 and the third semiconductor power tube module 7 are in a unidirectional state (if they were in a bidirectional state or non-communication state before, It needs to be switched to the one-way state), and control the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 to turn off, which can ensure that the moment when the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second The DC/DC converter module 2 is not short-circuited, and the second semiconductor power tube module 6 and the third semiconductor power tube module 7 are immediately turned on.
  • the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are closed, so that the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 pass through the second controllable switch module 4 and the third
  • the controllable switch module 5 is turned on and the switching is completed, which also enables the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to perform a closing action under a relatively small voltage.
  • closing the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 may be closed at the same time or not at the same time.
  • series circuits and parallel circuits are set in the voltage regulation module, and controllable switch modules are set in the series circuit and the parallel circuit, so that when low voltage output is required, the parallel circuit can be turned on. , The series circuit is disconnected. When high-voltage output is required, the series circuit can be turned on and the parallel circuit can be disconnected, thereby achieving the purpose of enabling the output voltage to be adjusted in a wider range.
  • the charging voltage In the charging process of electric vehicles, as the voltage of the electric vehicle rechargeable battery gradually increases, the charging voltage also increases accordingly. If the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module in the voltage regulation module are in a parallel conduction state at the beginning, the output voltage of the two DC/DC converter modules can be controlled to increase. When the output voltage of the DC/DC converter module is adjusted to the highest state, if the voltage requirement of the rechargeable battery cannot be met at this time, the two DC/DC converter modules need to be switched from the parallel conduction state to the series conduction state. , Can also be called high-voltage output state.
  • the embodiment of the application provides a voltage regulation module.
  • the embodiment of the application provides a power regulation module, which can be implemented in the switching process. Seamless switching without power failure improves the charging experience of electric vehicles and increases the service life of rechargeable batteries.
  • the semiconductor power tube module automatically continues to flow when the controllable switch module is disconnected, and when the controllable switch module is closed, the semiconductor power tube module connected in parallel immediately before The power tube module is in a conducting state, therefore, the opening and closing of the controllable switch module is performed under a small voltage, which improves the service life of the controllable switch module.
  • this feature also makes that when the controllable switch module is an AC relay, since its opening and closing are performed at a small voltage, the ignition and arcing that occurs under a large voltage in the related technology will not occur. Phenomenon, so you can use cheaper AC relays instead of more expensive DC relays, saving costs.
  • first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a series conduction state, which can also be referred to as the voltage regulation module being in a high-voltage output state.
  • the first DC/DC converter module and the second DC/DC converter module are in a parallel conduction state, which can also be referred to as the voltage regulation module being in a low-voltage output state.
  • the following three specific types of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are taken as examples to describe the parallel conduction state, series conduction state and switching between the two of the voltage regulation module. :
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 both include diodes.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in series conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in a closed state.
  • the switch module 5 is in the off state, and the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the on state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in an off state.
  • the control switch module 5 is in a closed state, and the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in a closed state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in an off state.
  • the switch control module 5 is in the closed state, and at this time, the parallel circuit is turned on.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are diode groups, when the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are disconnected, the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 immediately generate a positive voltage drop at both ends, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 automatically continue to flow.
  • the processor controls the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to disconnect, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are switched off.
  • the control switch module 5 is turned off, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, and after the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, the first controllable switch module 3 is turned on.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the series conduction state, the processor first controls the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to disconnect, then the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and A forward voltage drop is generated at both ends of the third semiconductor power tube module 8, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 automatically continue to flow. Then, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is controlled to turn on, and the series circuit is immediately turned on through the first semiconductor power tube module 6, and the forward voltage drop across the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 Disappear, and the automatic cut-off is turned off. Finally, the first controllable switch module 3 is closed. At this time, the series circuit is turned on through the first controllable switch module 3, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the processor controls the first controllable switch module 3 to be turned off, and after the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off, the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off After the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are closed.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the parallel conduction state, the processor first controls the first controllable switch module 3 to be turned off. Since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the on state, the first The semiconductor power tube module 6 automatically continues to flow, and the series circuit is still maintained in a conducting state. Then, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is controlled to be turned off, and the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 immediately generate a positive pressure difference, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 7 immediately generate a positive pressure difference. The semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned on. Finally, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are controlled to be closed. At this time, the parallel circuit is turned on through the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 both include at least one of a MOS tube and an IGBT tube.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in series conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in a closed state.
  • the switch module 5 is in an off state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in an on state, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in an off state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in an off state.
  • the control switch module 5 is in the closed state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the off state, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in the on state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 when the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter 2 group are in the series conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state.
  • the control switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in the disconnected state, and at this time, the series circuit is turned on.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module 6 since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the on state, the first semiconductor power tube module 6 will automatically continue to flow when the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in an off state.
  • the switch control module 5 is in the closed state, and at this time, the parallel circuit is turned on.
  • the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is in the on state.
  • the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 When the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are disconnected, the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 will automatically continue to flow.
  • the semiconductor power tubes in the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 include diodes, even if the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are driven at In the off state, when the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are disconnected, the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 will also automatically continue to flow
  • the processor controls the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to disconnect, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are switched off.
  • the control switch module 5 is turned off, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned off.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are turned off.
  • the driving of a semiconductor power tube module 6 closes the first controllable switch module 3 after the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the series conduction state, the processor first controls the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to disconnect. At this time, the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 automatically continue to flow. Then, control the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 to turn off. At this time, the current can continue to conduct through the diodes in the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 . Then, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on.
  • the series circuit is turned on through the first semiconductor power tube module 6, and the diodes in the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are automatically cut off. shut down. Finally, the first controllable switch module 3 is closed. At this time, the series circuit is turned on through the first controllable switch module 3, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the processor controls the first controllable switch module 3 to be turned off, and after the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off, the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off After the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, turn on the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 7 After the driving of 8 is turned on, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are closed.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the parallel conduction state, the processor first controls the first controllable switch module 3 to be turned off. Since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the on state, the first The semiconductor power tube module 6 automatically continues to flow, and the series circuit is still maintained in a conducting state. Then, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is controlled to be turned off, and the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 immediately generate a positive pressure difference, and the parallel circuit passes through the second semiconductor power tube module 7 And the diode in the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned on. Then, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned on. Finally, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are controlled to be closed. At this time, the parallel circuit is turned on through the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 both include SCR tubes.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in series conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in a closed state.
  • the switch module 5 is in an off state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in an on state, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is in an off state or an on state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in an off state.
  • the control switch module 5 is in the closed state, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the off state, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in the on state.
  • the processor controls the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to disconnect, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are switched off.
  • the control switch module 5 is turned off, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, and after the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, the first controllable switch module 3 is turned on.
  • the processor when it is necessary to switch to the series conduction state, the processor first controls the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 to disconnect. At this time, due to the second semiconductor power transistor The drivers of the module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in the on state, so the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 automatically continue to flow. Then, when the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, the series circuit is conducted through the first semiconductor power tube module 6, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are automatically cut off and closed. Finally, the first controllable switch module 3 is controlled to be closed. At this time, the series circuit is turned on through the first controllable switch module 3, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the switching process is also different according to the state of the drive of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 in the series conduction state. .
  • the first controllable switch module 3 is controlled to be turned off. If the drives of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are in the off state, then After the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned on, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned on After that, the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, and after the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, the second controllable switch module 3 and the third controllable switch module 4 are closed.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 is controlled to be turned off. If the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is in the on state, after the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off, the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off. A semiconductor power tube module 6 is driven. After the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, the second controllable switch module 7 and the third controllable switch module 8 are closed.
  • the specific switching process is also different depending on the driving state of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8.
  • the processor first controls the first controllable switch module 3 to turn off. Since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the on state, the first semiconductor power tube module 6 automatically continues to flow, and the series circuit remains in the on state. Then, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned on. At this time, since the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned on, the series circuit is still maintained in a conducting state. Then, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, and the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 immediately generate a positive pressure difference, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 7 immediately generate a positive pressure difference. The power tube module 8 is turned on immediately. Finally, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are controlled to be closed. At this time, the parallel circuit is turned on through the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the processor first controls the first controllable switch module 3 to turn off. Since the drive of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is in the on state, the first semiconductor power tube module 6 automatically continues to flow, and the series circuit remains in the on state. Then, the drive of the first semiconductor power tube 6 is turned off, and the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 immediately generate a positive pressure difference, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 7 immediately generate a positive pressure difference. The tube module 8 is turned on. Finally, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are controlled to be closed. At this time, the parallel circuit is turned on through the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5, and the entire switching process is completed.
  • the opening and closing of the above-mentioned switch modules and the opening and closing of the drive of each semiconductor power tube module refer to the corresponding device completing the corresponding action, not the issuing of the control signal.
  • the second controllable switch module 7 and the third controllable switch module 8 are closed, which means that after the driving of the first semiconductor power tube module 6 is turned off, the second controllable switch module 6 is turned off.
  • the controllable switch module 7 and the third controllable switch module 8 are closed again, instead of sending the drive closing signal first, and then sending the switch closing signal.
  • the drive close signal and the switch close signal are sent at the same time (even the switch close signal is sent earlier than the drive close signal), which can also achieve the purpose of opening the drive first and closing the switch module later.
  • the voltage regulation module may also include a first capacitor 9 and a second capacitor 10. Both ends of the first capacitor 9 are connected to the first DC/DC converter module 1 respectively. The output positive terminal and the output negative terminal are connected, and the two ends of the second capacitor 10 are respectively connected with the output positive terminal and the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2.
  • the voltage regulation module may further include a third capacitor 11, both ends of the third capacitor 11 are respectively connected to the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2.
  • the first capacitor 9, the second capacitor 10, and the third capacitor 11 By setting the first capacitor 9, the second capacitor 10, and the third capacitor 11, it can play a role of rectification and filtering, and can filter some AC components in the DC power output by the DC/DC converter module, so that the output voltage is more stable. Improve the charging experience of electric vehicles.
  • the voltage regulation module is described in detail below with a specific example. As shown in FIG. 7, the voltage regulation module includes a first DC/DC converter module 1 and a second DC/DC converter module 2, and the two DC/DC converter modules adopt LLC topology.
  • the input of the two DC/DC converter modules is a plus or minus 400 volt double BUS bus, and two sets of capacitors are connected in series in the double BUS bus.
  • the parameters of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are the same, and the output capacity of each DC/DC converter module is 250-500 volts constant power.
  • the first controllable switch module, the second controllable switch module, and the third controllable switch module are all AC relay groups, and are represented by S1, S2, and S3, respectively.
  • the first semiconductor power tube module is an IGBT tube group or a MOS tube group, represented by Q1
  • the second semiconductor power tube module and the third semiconductor power tube module are high-frequency diode groups, represented by Q2 and Q3.
  • the connection mode of the circuit of the circuit switching module is shown in Figure 7.
  • the voltage regulation module can achieve a constant power output of 250-1000 volts, which is compatible with all electric vehicles on the market for fast charging power requirements.
  • the switching voltage between the high-voltage output state and the low-voltage output state described above is 500 volts, and when the voltage is adjusted upward or downward, it is necessary to switch between the series circuit and the parallel circuit. Through the unique control logic sequence, seamless switching can be realized, and the voltage regulation module will not lose power for a short time.
  • the control logic sequence of the low-voltage output state (also called the parallel conduction state) to the high-voltage output state (also called the series conduction state) is: in the initial state, S1 is in the off state, and Q1 is in the drive off state. S2 and S3 are in the closed state.
  • control S2 and S3 to disconnect, Q2 and Q3 work seamlessly, after S2 and S3 are disconnected, control the drive of Q1 to open, then Q1 passes the current, Q2 and Q3 are automatically cut off and closed, and then control S1 to close , Complete the switching action.
  • the control logic sequence for switching the high-voltage output state to the low-voltage output state is: in the initial state, S1 is in the closed state, the Q1 drive is in the open state, and S2 and S3 are in the open state.
  • control S1 to disconnect, Q1 works seamlessly, then control the drive of Q1 to close, at this time Q2 and Q3 automatically continue to flow, and finally, control S1 and S3 to close to complete the switching action.
  • the high level in Vout represents the high voltage output state
  • the low level represents the low voltage output state.
  • the drive of S1 and S2/S3 is at high level, it represents that the controllable switch module is in the closed state.
  • it is at low level it represents controllable.
  • the switch module is in the off state.
  • the drive of Q1 is at a high level, it means that the drive of Q1 is in an open state and can pass current normally.
  • it is at a low level it means that the drive of Q1 is in an off state and cannot pass current normally.
  • V + in Figure 8 represents a high level
  • V 0 represents a low level
  • V + and V 0 are only used to distinguish between high and low levels.
  • the voltage adjustment module provided by the embodiments of the present application has low cost, can achieve an ultra-wide range of continuous constant power, and can be adjusted continuously without interruption within the entire constant power range of 250 to 1000 volts, and is compatible with all models on the market to achieve fast charging requirements while simplifying
  • the control logic is improved and the product usability is improved.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a voltage regulation module, as shown in FIG. 9, including a first DC/DC converter module 1, a second DC/DC converter module 2, a first controllable switch module 3, a second The controllable switch module 4, the third controllable switch module 5, the second semiconductor power tube module 6, and the third semiconductor power tube module 7.
  • the output negative terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 are connected through the first controllable switch module 3.
  • the output positive terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1 is connected to the output positive terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 through the second controllable switch module 4, and the output negative terminal of the first DC/DC converter module 1
  • the output negative terminal of the second DC/DC converter module 2 is connected through the third controllable switch module 5.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 is connected in parallel to both ends of the second controllable switch module 4
  • the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is connected in parallel to both ends of the third controllable switch module 5.
  • each device in the voltage regulation module can refer to the introduction of the corresponding device of the voltage regulation module provided above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the connection mode of each device can also refer to the content of the voltage regulation module provided above.
  • the voltage adjustment module provided in this embodiment can be understood as any voltage adjustment module provided in the first embodiment after removing the first semiconductor power tube module 6.
  • the solution shown in the embodiment of this application the solution shown in the embodiment of the application, the voltage regulation module provided in the second embodiment lacks the first semiconductor power Therefore, in the process of switching between the series state and the parallel state, the action of the first semiconductor power tube 6 of the voltage regulation module provided by the first embodiment can be removed, and the voltage provided by the second embodiment can be obtained. Adjust the state change process of each device in the switching process of the module.
  • the voltage adjustment module provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used in a charging module to adjust the output voltage.
  • series circuit and parallel circuit are set, and controllable switch modules are set in series circuit and parallel circuit, so that when low-voltage output is required, the parallel circuit can be turned on and the series circuit can be disconnected.
  • high-voltage output is required At this time, the series circuit can be turned on and the parallel circuit can be disconnected, thereby achieving the purpose of enabling the output voltage to be adjusted in a wider interval.
  • the voltage adjustment module provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other charging devices for charging other terminals.
  • it is applied to the chargers of mobile phones, computers and other terminals.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 can be in a unidirectional state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 is disconnected.
  • the two ends of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 immediately generate a forward voltage drop, and the parallel circuit immediately passes through the second semiconductor power tube
  • the module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 are turned on.
  • the second controllable switch group 4 and the third controllable switch group 5 are closed, and the switching is completed.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a power regulation module, which can realize seamless switching without power failure during the switching process, and improves the electric vehicle Charging experience.
  • this feature also makes that when the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are AC relays, since their opening and closing are performed under a small voltage, there will be no problems in the related art. The phenomenon of sparking and arcing occurs under high voltage, so cheaper AC relays can be used instead of more expensive DC relays, which saves costs.
  • first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 both include diodes:
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the voltage regulating module is in the series conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in the open state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the voltage regulating module is in the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in a closed state.
  • the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are controlled to be disconnected, then the second semiconductor power tube group 7 and the third semiconductor power tube group 8 Automatic continuous flow, after the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are disconnected, the first controllable switch module 3 is closed.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 In the process of switching from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is controlled to be turned off, and the second semiconductor power tube group 7 and the third semiconductor power tube group 8 are immediately turned on. After the controllable switch module 3 is disconnected, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are closed.
  • the second semiconductor power tube module 7 includes at least one of a MOS tube and an IGBT tube
  • the third semiconductor power tube module 8 includes at least one of a MOS tube and an IGBT tube:
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the voltage regulation module is in the series conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in the open state, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and The driving of the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is in the off state.
  • the voltage regulation module is in the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the off state, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are in the closed state, and the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and The driving of the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is in an on state.
  • the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are enabled to be disconnected. After the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are disconnected, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is enabled to be turned off. After the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned off, the first controllable switch module 3 is enabled to turn on.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 In the process of switching from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is enabled to be turned off. After the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off, the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is enabled to be turned on. After the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned on, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are enabled to be closed.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in series conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in the closed state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in a closed state.
  • the switch module 5 is in an off state, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 6 and the third semiconductor power tube module 7 is in a closed state or an open state.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 When the first DC/DC converter module 1 and the second DC/DC converter module 2 are in a parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is in an off state, and the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 4 are in an off state.
  • the control switch module 5 is in a closed state, and the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 6 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is in an open state.
  • the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are enabled to be disconnected. After the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are disconnected, the first controllable switch module is enabled to close.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 In the process of switching from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is enabled to be turned off. If the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned off, after the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off, the second semiconductor power tube module 4 and the third semiconductor power tube module 4 are enabled The drive of module 5 is turned on. After the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is turned on, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch module 5 are enabled to be closed.
  • the first controllable switch module 3 In the process of switching from the series conduction state to the parallel conduction state, the first controllable switch module 3 is enabled to be turned off. If the driving of the second semiconductor power tube module 7 and the third semiconductor power tube module 8 is in the on state, after the first controllable switch module 3 is turned off, the second controllable switch module 4 and the third controllable switch are enabled Module 5 is closed.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a charging module, which includes the voltage adjustment module described in any one of the above.
  • the charging module can be used in electric vehicle charging piles, and can also be used in other charging devices, for example, can be used in terminal chargers such as mobile phones and computers.
  • the charging module may include a voltage adjustment module and an AC-DC conversion module.
  • the AC-DC conversion module is used to convert AC power to a DC point and output it to the voltage adjustment module. Specifically, output to the voltage adjustment module.
  • the voltage adjustment module is used to externally output voltage and adjust the size of the output voltage.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a charging pile, which includes the above-mentioned charging module.
  • the charging pile may be an electric vehicle charging pile.

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Abstract

一种电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩，可以应用于电动车充电，实现输出电压的宽范围调节，并能实现在由低压输出状态切换至高压输出状态过程中的不掉电无缝切换。该电压调节模块包括第一DC/DC变换器组和第二DC/DC变换器组，在第一DC/DC变换器组和第二DC/DC变换器组之间既存在并联电路，也存在串联电路，并且，在串联电路和并联电路中均设置有可控开关组，在每个可控开关组的两端并联有半导体功率管组。

Description

电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩 技术领域
本申请涉及充电技术领域，特别涉及一种电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩。
背景技术
近年来，如纯电动汽车(Pure Electric Vehicle/Battery Electric Vehicle)、混合动力汽车(Hybrid Electric Vehicle，HEV)等新能源汽车(New Energy Vehicle)正在蓬勃发展。相应的，充电桩等充电基础设施的建设也在大力发展。充电桩可以分为交流充电桩和直流充电桩，其中，直流充电桩的充电功率较大，可以满足电动车的快充需求。直流充电桩的核心部件是充电模组，充电模组是一种高频开关电源，作用是将交流电转换为可直接给电池充电的直流电。目前，市面上电动车的电池电压分布差异较大，且电压分布范围比较宽，其中，小型乘用车的电池电压主要分布在300～500伏特区间内，而公交大巴类车辆的电池电压主要分布在550～700伏特区间内，有部分高端车电池电压在750～950伏特区间。因此，为了满足不同类型电动车的充电需求，充电模组的输出电压需要在一个较宽的区间内调节。
因此，需要研究一种可以在较宽的区间内调节输出电压的充电模组。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩，该电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩可以在较宽的区间内调节输出电压，并且，该电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩在为电动车或其他设备充电时，可以实现低压输出状态至高压输出状态以及高压输出状态至低压输出状态的切换过程中不掉电。所述电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩可以如下所述:
第一方面，提供了一种电压调节模块，包括第一直流转直流(Direct Current-Direct Current，DC/DC)变换器模块、第二DC/DC变换器模块、第一可控开关模块、第二可控开关模块、第三可控开关模块、第一半导体功率管模块、第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块。所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端通过所述第一可控开关模块连接。所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端通过所述第二可控开关模块连接，所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端通过所述第三可控开关模块连接。所述第一半导体功率管模块并联在所述第一可控开关模块的两端，所述第二半导体功率管模块并联在所述第二可控开关模块的两端，所述第三半导体功率管模块并联在所述第三可控开关模块的两端。
其中，电压调节模块可以设置在充电模组中，用于输出电压的调节及对外输出。
在第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端为整个电压调节模块的对外输出正端，第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端为整个电压调节模块的对外输出负端。在第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变 换器模块处于并联导通状态时，第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端均为电压调节模块的对外输出正端，第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端均为电压调节模块的对外输出负端。其中，上述对外输出负端和对外输出正端可以是直接对外输出，也可以是间接对外输出，即对外输出负端、对外输出正端可以连接有保险丝、二极管、开关和电阻等器件。
第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端通过第一可控开关模块连接，可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接，即第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端之间除设置有第一可控开关模块之外，还可以设置有二极管、电阻和保险丝等其他器件。
第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端与第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端通过第二可控开关模块连接，可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接，即第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端与第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端之间除设置有第二可控开关模块之外，还可以设置有二极管、电阻和保险丝等其他器件。
第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端通过第三可控开关模块连接，可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接，即第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端之间除设置有第三可控开关模块之外，还可以设置有二极管、电阻和保险丝等其他器件。
每个DC/DC变换器组可以包括一个DC/DC变换器，也可以包括多个DC/DC变换器，该多个DC/DC变换器之间可以串联，也可以并联，还可以是串联和并联的组合，本申请对此不做限定。第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块中包括的DC/DC变换器的连接方式和数量可以相同，也可以不同。需要特别注意的是，每个或一个DC/DC变换器模块可以包括两个DC/DC变换器单元，这两个DC/DC变换器单元之间，可以按照上述第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块的连接方式进行连接，每个DC/DC变换器单元包括的DC/DC变换器的连接方式和数量可以相同，也可以不同。每个或一个DC/DC变换器单元可以再包括两个DC/DC变换器单元，依次类推。
DC/DC变换器可以为任何隔离型拓扑，DC/DC变换器的输入结构可以不做任何约束，可以是串联结构也可以是并联结构或者其它形式的均可。DC/DC变换器为在直流电路中将一个电压值的电能变为另一个电压值的电能的装置，能够对输入的直流电压进行转换和稳压后再输出直流电压，具体的，DC/DC变换器可以包括升压型变换器、降压型变换器和升降压型变换器中的一种或多种。
可控开关模块为可以通过控制信号控制其闭合和断开的开关模块，可以是继电器组，也可以是接触器组，可以是交流型，也可以是直流型。每个可控开关模块可以包括一个可控开关，也可以包括多个可控开关，该多个可控开关可以是并联，也可以是串联，还可以是串联和并联的组合。上述可控开关模块为第一可控开关模块、第二可控开关模块或第三可控开关模块。
第一半导体功率管模块为可控半导体功率管模块，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块可以为可控半导体功率管模块，也可以为不可控半导体功率管模块，还可以为可控半导体功率管和不可控半导体功率管的组合。可控半导体功率管模块中的半导体功率管可以是可控硅整流器(Silicon Controlled Rectifier，SCR)、金属-氧化物半导体场效应 晶体管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，MOS)以及绝缘栅双极型晶体管(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，IGBT)中的一种或多种，不可控半导体功率管模块中的半导体功率管可以是二极管。每个半导体功率管模块可以包括一个半导体功率管，也可以包括多个半导体功率管，该多个半导体功率管的类型可以相同，也可以不同，多个半导体功率管之间可以串联，也可以并联，还可以是串联和并联的组合。
MOS管和IGBT管中包括二级管，当MOS管或IGBT管的驱动打开时，MOS管或IGBT管为双向可通状态，当MOS管或IGBT管的驱动关闭时，MOS管或IGBT管为单向可通状态，即可以通过其中的二级管导通。可以理解的是，如果MOS管和IGBT管中的驱动关闭，那么MOS管和IGBT管可以当做二极管来使用。进一步地，在这里，MOS管组和IGBT管组虽然为可控半导体功率管，其也可以不与处理器电性连接，或者，虽然与处理器电性连接，但是处理器不对其进行控制或者不控制其驱动的状态变化，使其驱动始终处于关闭状态。
当SCR管的驱动打开时，SCR管为单向可通状态，当SCR管的驱动关闭时，SCR管为不可通状态，也可以称为截止状态。可以理解的是，当SCR管的驱动打开时，SCR管还可以当做二极管来使用。也即，SCR管可以与处理器电性连接，但是处理器可以不控制其驱动的状态变化，可以使其始终处于开启状态。
另外，二级管为不可控半导体功率管，其始终处于单向可通状态。
为了实现各半导体功率管模块合和可控开关模块的控制，电压调节模块还可以包括处理器，处理器为电压调节模块的控制部件，可以与多个可控开关模块电性连接，还可以与第一半导体功率管模块电性连接。在切换过程中，可以通过处理器控制各个可控开关模块以及半导体功率管模块按照一定的时序打开和关闭，可以实现不掉电的无缝切换。
本申请实施例所示的方案，提供了一种电压调节模块，可以用在充电模组中进行输出电压的调节。电压调节模块中通过设置串联电路和并联电路，并在串联电路和并联电路中设置可控开关模块，使得当需要低压输出时，可以将并联电路导通，将串联电路断开，当需要高压输出时，可以将串联电路导通，将并联电路断开，从而，实现了使输出电压可以在一个较宽的区间内调节的目的。
另外，在电动车的充电过程中，随着电动车充电电池的电压的逐渐升高，充电电压也要相应的升高。如果一开始电压调节模块中的第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态，则可以控制两个DC/DC变换器模块的输出电压升高。当DC/DC变换器模块的输出电压调节至最高状态后，此时如果还不能满足充电电池的电压要求，则需要将两个DC/DC变换器模块由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态，也可以称为高压输出状态。
本申请实施例提供的电压切换模块，通过在可控开关模块的两端并联半导体功率管模块，使得，串联电路和并联电路还可以通过半导体功率管模块导通，在可控开关模块均断开时，电压调节模块也不会掉电，实现了高压输出状态和低压输出状态的不掉电无缝切换，在切换过程中，电动车充电不会发生中断，提高了电动车的充电体验。
除了应用在电动车充电技术领域中之外，本申请实施例提供的电压调节模块还可以应用到其它的充电装置中，用于为其余终端充电。例如，应用到手机、电脑等终端的充电器中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一半导体功率管模块包括金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管MOS管、绝缘栅双极型晶体管IGBT管和可控硅整流器SCR管中的至少一种。所述第二半导体功率管模块包括二极管、MOS管、IGBT管和SCR管中的至少一种。所述第三半导体功率管模块包括二极管、MOS管、IGBT管和SCR管中的至少一种。
本申请实施例所示的方案，每个半导体功率管模块可以包括一个半导体功率管，也可以包括多个半导体功率管，该多个半导体功率管的类型可以相同，也可以不同，多个半导体功率管之间可以串联，也可以并联，还可以是串联和并联的组合。
为了简化控制逻辑，每个半导体功率管模块可以只包括一种类型的半导体功率管，此时，第一半导体功率管模块为MOS管模块、IGBT管模块或SCR管模块，第二半导体功率管模块为二极管模块、MOS管模块、IGBT管模块或SCR管模块，第三半导体功率管模块为二极管模块、MOS管模块、IGBT管模块或SCR管模块。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一半导体功率管模块包括MOS管或IGBT管，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阳极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端连接，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阴极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端连接。或
所述第一半导体功率管模块包括SCR管，所述SCR管的阳极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端连接，所述SCR管的阴极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端连接。
本申请实施例所示的方案，上述连接方式可以实现以下效果：
当可控半导体功率管的驱动处于关闭状态时，第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块不可以通过可控半导体功率管导通，当可控半导体功率管的驱动处于打开状态时，如果可控半导体功率管与第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端连接的一端的电压，大于可控半导体功率管另一端的电压，则第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块通过可控半导体功率管导通。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二半导体功率管模块包括MOS管或IGBT管，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阳极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端连接，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阴极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端连接。或，所述第二半导体功率管模块包括二极管或SCR管时，所述二极管或SCR管的阳极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端连接，所述二极管或SCR管的阴极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端连接。
本申请实施例所示的方案，上述连接方式可以实现以下效果：
第二半导体功率管模块可以实现由第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端流向第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端方向的单向导通状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三半导体功率管模块包括MOS管或IGBT管，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阳极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端连接，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阴极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端连接。或，所述第三半导体功率管模块包括二极管或SCR管时，所述二极管或SCR管的阳极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端连接，所述二极管或SCR管的阴极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端连接。
本申请实施例所示的方案，上述连接方式可以实现以下效果：
第三半导体功率管模块可以实现由第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端流向第一 DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端方向的单向导通状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管的驱动处于打开状态或关闭状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块处于不可通状态或单向可通状态。当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态时，所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，所述第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管的驱动处于关闭状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块处于不可通状态、双向可通状态或单向可通状态。
其中，第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态，也可以称为电压调节模块处于高压输出状态。第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态，也可以称为电压调节模块处于低压输出状态。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，第一半导体功率管的驱动处于打开状态或关闭状态，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块处于不可通状态或单向可通状态时，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块导通。
当第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，第一半导体功率管的驱动处于关闭状态，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块处于不可通状态、双向可通状态或单向可通状态时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块导通。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块由所述并联导通状态切换到所述串联导通状态的过程中，在所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块处于单向可通状态或双向可通状态下，控制所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块断开。在所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，且所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块处于单向可通状态下，控制所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，闭合所述第一可控开关模块。
本申请实施例所示的方案，通过在第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块处于单向可通状态或双向可通状态下，控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开，可以保证第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开的瞬间，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管可以自动续流。这也使得第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块在较小的电压下进行断开动作。
通过在第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，且第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块处于单向可通状态下(如果之前是双向可通状态，则需要切换为单向可通状态)，控制第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开，可以保证第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开的瞬间，第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块不短接，且立刻通过第一半导体功率管模块导通。
通过在第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，闭合第一可控开关模块，使得第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块通过第一可控开关模块导通，切换完成。这也使得第 一可控开关模块在较小的电压下进行闭合动作。
需要说明的是，控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开，可以是同时断开，也可以是不同时断开。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所处处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块由所述串联导通状态切换到所述并联导通状态的过程中，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态下，控制所述第一可控开关模块断开。在所述第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，且所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块处于单向可通状态下，控制所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭后，闭合所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块。
本申请实施例所示的方案，通过在第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态下，控制第一可控开关模块断开，可以保证第一可控开关模块断开的瞬间，第一半导体功率管模块可以自动续流。这也使得第一可控开关模块在较小的电压下进行断开动作。
通过在第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，且第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块处于单向可通状态下(如果之前是双向可通状态或不可通状态，则需要切换为单向可通状态)，控制第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭，可以保证第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭的瞬间，第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块不短接，且立刻通过第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块立即导通。然后，闭合第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块，使得第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块通过第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块导通，切换完成，这也使得第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块在较小的电压下进行关闭动作。
需要说明的是，闭合第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块，可以是同时闭合，也可以是不同时闭合。
可见，在上述切换过程中，串联电路和并联电路始终有一路处于导通状态，因此，本申请实施例提供电源调节模块，可以实现在切换过程中不掉电的无缝切换，提高了电动车的充电体验，提高了充电电池的使用寿命。
另外，通过在可控开关模块两端并联半导体功率管模块，在可控开关模块断开的瞬间，半导体功率管模块自动续流，而在可控开关模块闭合的瞬间，前一刻其并联的半导体功率管模块处于导通状态，因此，可控开关模块的断开和闭合均是在小电压下进行的，这提高了可控开关模块的使用寿命。而且，这个特点也使得，当可控开关模块为交流继电器时，由于其断开和闭合，是在小电压下进行的，所以不会发生相关技术中在大电压下出现的打火拉弧的现象，所以可以使用较为便宜的交流型继电器，而不必使用价格较贵的直流型继电器，节约了成本。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态。当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态。
其中，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块可以均包括二极管。或者，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块均包括驱动始终处于关闭状态的MOS管或IGBT管。或者，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块均包括驱动始终处于开启状态的SCR管。或者，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块还可以为上述任一种半导体功率管的组合。
由于二极管与驱动始终处于关闭状态的MOS管和IGBT管，以及驱动始终处于打开状态的SCR管的功能相同。所以，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块均包括二极管时的控制逻辑，与第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块均包括驱动始终处于关闭状态的MOS管和IGBT管，以及驱动始终处于开启状态的SCR管的控制逻辑相同。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，则此时，串联电路导通。另外，由于第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，所以当第一可控开关模块断开的瞬间，第一半导体功率管模块会自动续流。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，则此时，并联电路导通。另外，由于第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块为二极管组，所以当第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开的瞬间，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块两端产生正向压降，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块自动续流。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在由所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块由所述并联导通状态切换到所述串联导通状态的过程中，控制所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块断开，在所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块断开后，打开所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，闭合所述第一可控开关模块。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为串联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开，则第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块两端产生正向压降，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块自动续流。然后，控制第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开，则串联电路立即通过第一半导体功率管模块导通，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块两端的正向压降消失，自动截止关闭。最后，闭合第一可控开关模块，此时，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块导通，整个切换过程完成。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块由所述串联导通状态切换到所述并联导通状态的过程中，控制所述第一可控开关模块断开，在所述第一可控开关模块断开后，关闭所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第一半导体功率管的驱动关闭后，闭合所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为并联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第一可控开关模块断开，由于第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，则第一半导体功率管模块自动续流，串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，控制第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭，则第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的两端立即产生正向压差，第二半导体 功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块导通。最后，控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块闭合，此时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块导通，整个切换过程完成。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二半导体功率管模块包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种，所述第三半导体功率管模块包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种。当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态。当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，则此时，串联电路导通。另外，由于第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，所以当第一可控开关模块断开的瞬间，第一半导体功率管模块会自动续流。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，则此时，并联电路导通。另外，由于第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块中的半导体功率管包括二极管，所以当第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开的瞬间，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管会自动续流。
需要说明的是，由于MOS管和IGBT管中包括二极管，所以MOS管和IGBT管完全可以当二极管来使用。所以，当第一半导体功率管模块和第二半导体功率管模块包括MOS管和IGBT管时，MOS管和IGBT管可以不必与处理器电性连接，其驱动一直处于关闭状态；或者，MOS管和IGBT管虽然与处理器连接，但是处理器可以不对其进行控制。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块均包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种时，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块由所述并联导通状态切换到所述串联导通状态的过程中，控制所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块断开，在所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块断开后，关闭所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭后，打开所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，闭合所述第一可控开关模块。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为串联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开，此时，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块自动续流。然后，控制第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭，则此时，电流可以通过第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块中的二极管继续导通。然后，控制第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开，则此时，串联电路通过第一半导体功率管模块导通，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块中的二极管自动截止关闭。最 后，控制第一可控开关模块闭合，此时，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块导通，整个切换过程完成。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块均包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种时，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块由所述串联导通状态切换到所述并联导通状态的过程中，控制所述第一可控开关模块断开，在所述第一可控开关模块断开后，关闭所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭后，打开所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，闭合所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为并联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第一可控开关模块断开，由于第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，则第一半导体功率管模块自动续流，串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，控制第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭，则第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的两端立即产生正向压差，并联电路通过第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块中的二极管导通。然后，打开第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动。最后，控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块闭合，此时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块导通，整个切换过程完成。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块均包括SCR管。当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态或打开状态。当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，则此时，串联电路导通。另外，由于第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，所以在第一可控开关模块断开的瞬间，第一半导体功率管模块会自动续流。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，则此时，并联电路导通。为了使得第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块，在串联电路断开后，可以自动续流，在关闭第一半导体功率管模块的驱动时，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管的驱动应该打开。
需要说明的是，当SCR管的驱动打开后，其可以当做二极管来使用，所以第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动可以始终处于打开状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块均 为SCR管时，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块由所述并联导通状态切换到所述串联导通状态的过程中，控制所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块断开，在所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块断开后，打开所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，闭合所述第一可控开关模块。
当需要切换为串联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开，此时，由于第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，所以第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块自动续流。然后，打开第一半导体功率管模块的驱动，则串联电路通过第一半导体功率管模块导通，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块自动截止关闭。最后，控制第一可控开关模块闭合，此时，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块导通，整个切换过程完成。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块均为SCR管时，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块由所述串联导通状态切换到所述并联导通状态的过程中，控制所述第一可控开关模块断开，如果所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态，则在所述第一可控开关模块断开后，打开所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，关闭所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭后，闭合所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块。或者，控制所述第一可控开关模块断开，如果所述第二半导体功率管模块和所述第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，则在所述第一可控开关模块断开后，关闭所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动，在所述第一半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭后，闭合所述第二可控开关模块和所述第三可控开关模块。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为并联导通状态时，视第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动的状态的不同，具体切换过程也不同。
初始时第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态：
处理器首先控制第一可控开关模块断开，由于第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，则第一半导体功率管模块自动续流，串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，打开第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动，此时，由于第一半导体功率管模块的驱动打开，所以串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，关闭第一半导体功率管的驱动，则第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的两端立即产生正向压差，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块导通。最后，控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块闭合，此时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块导通，整个切换过程完成。
初始时第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态：
处理器首先控制第一可控开关模块断开，由于第一半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，则第一半导体功率管模块自动续流，串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，关闭第一半导体功率管的驱动，则第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的两端立即产生正向压差，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块导通。最后，控制第二可控开 关模块和第三可控开关模块闭合，此时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块导通，整个切换过程完成。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电压调节模块还包括第一电容和第二电容，所述第一电容的两端分别与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端、输出负端连接，所述第二电容的两端分别与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端、输出负端连接。
本申请实施例所示的方案，通过在第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端和输出负端之间设置第一电容，在第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端和输出负端之间设置第二电容，可以起到整流滤波的作用，可以将DC/DC变换器模块输出的直流点中的一些交流成分过滤掉，从而，使得输出的电压更加稳定，提高了电动车的充电体验，延长了充电电池的使用寿命。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电压调节模块还包括第三电容，所述第三电容的两端分别与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端、所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端连接。
本申请实施例所示的方案，通过在第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端和第二DC/DC变换器模块输出负端之间设置第三电容，也可以起到整流滤波的作用，可以将电压调节模块输出的直流点中的一些交流成分过滤掉，从而，使得输出的电压更加稳定，提高了电动车的充电体验。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电压调节模块，包括第一直流转直流DC/DC变换器模块、第二DC/DC变换器模块、第一可控开关模块、第二可控开关模块、第三可控开关模块、第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块。所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端通过所述第一可控开关模块连接。所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出正端通过所述第二可控开关模块连接，所述第一DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块的输出负端通过所述第三可控开关模块连接。所述第二半导体功率管模块并联在所述第二可控开关模块的两端，所述第三半导体功率管模块并联在所述第三可控开关模块的两端。
其中，电压调节模块中的各器件的介绍可以参照第一方面相应器件的介绍，在此不再赘述。各器件的连接方式也可以参照第一方面的内容。
第二方面提供的电压调节模块，可以理解为第一方面提供的任一电压调节模块去第一半导体功率管模块后得到的。
本申请实施例所示的方案，与第一方面提供的电压调节模块的切换过程相比，第二方面提供的电压调节模块缺少第一半导体功率管组，因此，在串联状态和并联状态的切换过程中，可以将第一方面提供的电压调节模块的第一半导体功率管的动作去掉，即可得到第二方面提供的电压调节模块在切换过程的各器件的状态变化过程。
本申请实施例提供的电压调节模块，可以用在充电模组中进行输出电压的调节。电压调节模块中通过设置串联电路和并联电路，并在串联电路和并联电路中设置可控开关模块，使得当需要低压输出时，可以将并联电路导通，将串联电路断开，当需要高压输出时，可以将串联电路导通，将并联电路断开，从而，实现了使输出电压可以在一个较宽的区间内调节的目的。
除了应用在电动车充电技术领域中之外，本申请实施例提供的电压调节模块还可以应 用到其它的充电装置中，用于为其余终端充电。例如，应用到手机、电脑等终端的充电器中。
本申请实施例提供的电压调节模块，在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的切换过程中，可以在第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块处于单向可通状态时，断开第一可控开关模块，则此时，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的两端立即产生正向压降，并联电路立即通过第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块导通。然后，闭合第二可控开关组和第三可控开关组，切换完成。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的切换过程中，在第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块处于单向可通状态时，断开第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块，则此时，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块两端立即产生正向压降，并联电路变为由第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块导通。然后，闭合第一可控开关模块，则第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块两端产生的正向压降消失，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块立即导通，切换完成。
可见，在上述切换过程中，串联电路和并联电路始终有一路处于导通状态，因此，本申请实施例提供电源调节模块，可以实现在切换过程中不掉电的无缝切换，提高了电动车的充电体验。
另外，通过在第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块的两端分别并联第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块，在可控开关模块断开的瞬间，半导体功率管模块自动续流，而在可控开关模块闭合的瞬间，前一刻其并联的半导体功率管模块处于导通状态，因此，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块的断开和闭合均是在小电压下进行的，这提高了第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块的使用寿命。而且，这个特点也使得，当第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块为交流继电器时，由于其断开和闭合，是在小电压下进行的，所以不会发生相关技术中在大电压下出现的打火拉弧的现象，所以可以使用较为便宜的交流型继电器，而不必使用价格较贵的直流型继电器，节约了成本。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块均包括二极管时：
当电压调节模块处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于断开状态。当电压调节模块处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，控制第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开，则第二半导体功率管组和第三半导体功率管组自动续流，在第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开后，闭合第一可控开关模块。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，控制第一可控开关模块断开，则第二半导体功率管组和第三半导体功率管组立即导通，在第一可控开关模块断开后，闭合第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块。
第二半导体功率管模块包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种，第三半导体功率管模块包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种时：
当电压调节模块处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态。当电压调节模块处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于断 开状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，使能第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开。在第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开后，使能第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭。在第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动关闭后，使能第一可控开关模块闭合。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，使能第一可控开关模块断开。在第一可控开关模块断开后，使能第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动打开。在第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，使能第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块闭合。
第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块均包括SCR管时：
当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于断开状态，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态或打开状态。当第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块处于闭合状态，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，使能第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开。在第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块断开后，使能第一可控开关模块闭合。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，使能第一可控开关模块断开。如果第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于关闭状态，则在第一可控开关模块断开后，使能第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动打开。在第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动打开后，使能第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块闭合。
或者，
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，使能第一可控开关模块断开。如果第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块的驱动处于打开状态，则在第一可控开关模块断开后，使能第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块闭合。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种充电模组，该充电模组包括上述第一方面和第二方面任一项所述的电压调节模块。
其中，该充电模组可以应用在充电桩中，也可以应用在其余充电装置中。
本申请实施例所示的方案，充电模组可以包括电压调节模块和交直流转换模块，交直流转换模块用于将交流电转换为直流电，并输出给电压调节模块，具体的，输出到电压调节模块中的DC/DC变换器模块。电压调节模块用于对输出电压的大小进行调节，并对外输出电压。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种充电桩，该充电桩包括上述充电模组。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是：
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，通过在第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块之间设置串联电路和并联电路，并在串联电路和并联电路中设置可控开关模块，使得当需要低压输出时，可以将并联电路导通，将串联电路断开，当需要高压输出时，可以将串联电路导通，将并联电路断开，从而，实现了使输出电压可以在一个较宽的区间内调节的目的。并且，通过在可控开关模块的两端并联半导体功率管模块，使得，串联电路和并联电路还可以通过半导体功率管模块导通，因此，在可控开关模块均断开时，电压调节模块也不会掉电，实现了高压输出状态和低压输出状态的不掉电无缝切换，电动车充电不会发生中断，提高了电动车的充电体验。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种电压调节模块的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种电压调节模块的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种电压调节模块的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种电压调节模块的示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种电压调节模块的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种电压调节模块的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种电压调节模块的示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种电压切换模块切换过程的示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种电压调节模块的示意图。
图例说明
1、第一DC/DC变换器模块，2、第二DC/DC变换器模块，3、第一可控开关模块，4、第二可控开关模块，5、第三可控开关模块，6、第一半导体功率管模块，7、第二半导体功率管模块，8、第三半导体功率管模块，9、第一电容，10、第二电容，11、第三电容。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种电压调节模块、充电模组和充电桩，可以用于为电动车充电。在充电过程中，随着电动车充电电池的电压的逐渐升高，控制电压调节模块中的DC/DC变换器模块的输出电压也随之升高。当两个DC/DC变换器模块的输出电压调节至最高状态后，此时如果还不能满足充电电池的电压要求，则可以将多个DC/DC变换器模块切换到串联导通状态，也可以称为高压输出状态。采用本申请，在切换过程中，可以实现不掉电的无缝切换，电动车的充电过程不会中断，提高了电动车的充电体验。
本申请实施例提供了一种电压调节模块，如图1-7所示，该电压调节模块包括第一直流转直流DC/DC变换器模块1、第二DC/DC变换器模块2、第一可控开关模块3、第二可控开关模块4、第三可控开关模块5、第一半导体功率管模块6、第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8。第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端和第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端之间设置有第一可控开关模块3。第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端之间设置有第二可控开关模块4，第一DC/DC变换器模 块1的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端之间设置有第三可控开关模块5连接。第一半导体功率管模块6并联在第一可控开关模块3的两端，第二半导体功率管模块7并联在第二可控开关模块4的两端，第三半导体功率管模块8并联在第三可控开关模块5的两端。
其中，电压调节模块可以设置在充电模组中，用于输出电压的调节及对外输出。
在第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于串联导通状态时，第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端为整个电压调节模块的对外输出正端，第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端为整个电压调节模块的对外输出负端。在第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于并联导通状态时，第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端均为电压调节模块的对外输出正端，第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端均为电压调节模块的对外输出负端。其中，上述对外输出负端和对外输出正端可以是直接对外输出，也可以是间接对外输出，即对外输出负端、对外输出正端可以连接有保险丝、二极管、开关和电阻等器件。
第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端通过第一可控开关模块3连接，可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接，即第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端之间除设置有第一可控开关模块3之外，还可以设置有二极管、电阻和保险丝等其他器件。
第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端通过第二可控开关模块4连接，可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接，即第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端之间除设置有第二可控开关模块4之外，还可以设置有二极管、电阻和保险丝等其他器件。
第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端通过第三可控开关模块5连接，可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接，即第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端之间除设置有第三可控开关模块5之外，还可以设置有二极管、电阻和保险丝等其他器件。
每个DC/DC变换器组可以包括一个DC/DC变换器，也可以包括多个DC/DC变换器，该多个DC/DC变换器之间可以串联，也可以并联，还可以是串联和并联的组合，本申请对此不做限定。第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2中包括的DC/DC变换器的连接方式和数量可以相同，也可以不同。需要特别注意的是，每个或一个DC/DC变换器模块可以包括两个DC/DC变换器单元，这两个DC/DC变换器单元之间，可以按照上述第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块的连接方式进行连接，每个DC/DC变换器单元包括的DC/DC变换器的连接方式和数量可以相同，也可以不同。每个或一个DC/DC变换器单元可以再包括两个DC/DC变换器单元，依次类推。
DC/DC变换器可以为任何隔离型拓扑，DC/DC变换器的输入结构可以不做任何约束，可以是串联结构也可以是并联结构或者其它形式的均可。DC/DC变换器为在直流电路中将一个电压值的电能变为另一个电压值的电能的装置，能够对输入的直流电压进行转换和稳压后再输出直流电压，具体的，DC/DC变换器可以包括升压型变换器、降压型变换器和升降压型变换器中的一种或多种。
可控开关模块为可以通过控制信号控制其闭合和断开的开关模块，可以是继电器组， 也可以是接触器组，可以是交流型，也可以是直流型。每个可控开关模块可以包括一个可控开关，也可以包括多个可控开关，该多个可控开关可以是并联，也可以是串联，还可以是串联和并联的组合。上述可控开关模块为第一可控开关模块3、第二可控开关模块4或第三可控开关模块5。
第一半导体功率管模块6为可控半导体功率管模块，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8可以为可控半导体功率管模块，也可以为不可控半导体功率管模块，还可以为可控半导体功率管和不可控半导体功率管的组合。可控半导体功率管模块中的半导体功率管可以是可控硅整流器(Silicon Controlled Rectifier，SCR)、金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，MOS)以及绝缘栅双极型晶体管(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，IGBT)中的一种或多种，不可控半导体功率管模块中的半导体功率管可以是二极管。每个半导体功率管模块可以包括一个半导体功率管，也可以包括多个半导体功率管，该多个半导体功率管的类型可以相同，也可以不同，多个半导体功率管之间可以串联，也可以并联，还可以是串联和并联的组合。
为了简化控制逻辑，每个半导体功率管模块可以只包括一种类型的半导体功率管，此时，第一半导体功率管模块为MOS管组、IGBT管组或SCR管组，第二半导体功率管模块为二极管组、MOS管组、IGBT管组或SCR管组，第三半导体功率管模块为二极管组、MOS管组、IGBT管组或SCR管组。
如图3中的第一半导体功率管模块6和图6中的所有半导体功率管模块所示，MOS管和IGBT管中包括二级管，当MOS管或IGBT管的驱动打开时，MOS管或IGBT管为双向可通状态，当MOS管或IGBT管的驱动关闭时，MOS管或IGBT管为单向可通状态，即可以通过其中的二级管导通。可以理解的是，如果MOS管和IGBT管中的驱动关闭，那么MOS管和IGBT管可以当做二极管来使用。进一步地，在这里，MOS管组和IGBT管组虽然为可控半导体功率管，其也可以不与处理器电性连接，或者，虽然与处理器电性连接，但是处理器不对其进行控制或者不控制其驱动的状态变化，使其驱动始终处于关闭状态。
如图4中的第一半导体功率管模块6和图5中的所有半导体功率管模块所示，当SCR管的驱动打开时，SCR管为单向可通状态，当SCR管的驱动关闭时，SCR管为不可通状态，也可以称为截止状态。可以理解的是，当SCR管的驱动打开时，SCR管可以当做二极管来使用。也即，SCR管可以与处理器电性连接，但是处理器可以不控制其驱动的状态变化，可以使其始终处于开启状态。
另外，二级管为不可控半导体功率管，其始终处于单向可通状态。
各半导体功率管模块中的半导体功率管在电源调节模块中的连接方式如下所述：
第一半导体功率管模块6中的可控半导体功率管：
如图3和图6所示，可控半导体功率管为MOS管或IGBT管，则可控半导体功率管中的二极管的阳极与第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端连接，可控半导体功率管中的二极管的阴极与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端连接。
如图4和图5所示，可控半导体功率管为SCR管，则可控半导体功率管的阳极与第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端连接，可控半导体功率管的阴极与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端连接。
上述连接方式可以实现：当可控半导体功率管的驱动处于关闭状态时，第一DC/DC变 换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2不可以通过可控半导体功率管导通。当可控半导体功率管的驱动处于打开状态时，如果可控半导体功率管与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端连接的一端的电压，大于可控半导体功率管另一端的电压，则第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2通过可控半导体功率管导通。
第二半导体功率管模块7中的半导体功率管：
如图6所示，半导体功率管为MOS管或IGBT管，则半导体功率管中的阳极与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端连接，半导体功率管中的阴极与第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端连接。
如图5所示，半导体功率管为二极管或SCR管时，半导体功率管的阳极与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端连接，半导体功率管的阴极与第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端连接。
第三半导体功率管模块8中的半导体功率管：
如图6所示，半导体功率管为MOS管或IGBT管，则半导体功率管中的二极管的阳极与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端连接，半导体功率管中的二极管的阴极与第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端连接。
如图5所示，当半导体功率管为二极管或SCR管时，半导体功率管的阳极与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端连接，半导体功率管的阴极与第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端连接。
第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的上述连接方式可以实现：
第二半导体功率管模块7可以实现由第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端流向第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端方向的单向导通状态。第三半导体功率管模块8可以实现由第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端流向第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端方向的单向导通状态。
为了实现各半导体功率管模块合和可控开关模块的控制，电压调节模块还包括处理器，处理器为电压调节模块的控制部件，处理器与第一可控开关模块3、第二可控开关模块4、所述第三可控开关模块5、第一半导体功率管模块6连接。在切换过程中，通过处理器控制各个可控开关模块以及半导体功率管模块按照一定的时序打开和关闭，可以实现不掉电的无缝切换。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，第一半导体功率管6的驱动处于打开状态或关闭状态，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于单向可通状态或不可通状态。当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于并联导通状态时，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第一半导体功率管6的驱动处于关闭状态，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于不可通状态、双向可通状态或单向可通状态。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中：
处理器，在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于单向可通状态或双向可通状态下，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开。在第二可控开关 模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，且第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于单向可通状态下，控制第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开后，闭合第一可控开关模块3。
通过在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于单向可通状态或双向可通状态下，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，可以保证第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开的瞬间，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管8可以自动续流。这也使得第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5在较小的电压下进行断开动作。
通过在第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，且第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于单向可通状态下(如果之前是双向可通状态，则需要切换为单向可通状态)，控制第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开，可以保证第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开的瞬间，第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2不短接，且立刻通过第一半导体功率管模块6导通。
通过在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开后，在第一半导体功率管模块6导通的情况下，闭合第一可控开关模块3，使得第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2通过第一可控开关模块3导通，切换完成。这也使得第一可控开关模块3在较小的电压下进行闭合动作。
需要说明的是，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，可以是同时断开，也可以是不同时断开。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中：
处理器，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态下，控制第一可控开关模块3断开。在第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，且第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于单向可通状态下，控制第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭后，闭合第二可控开关模块4和所述第三可控开关模块5。
通过在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态下，控制第一可控开关模块3断开，可以保证第一可控开关模块3断开的瞬间，第一半导体功率管模块6可以自动续流。这也使得第一可控开关模块3在较小的电压下进行断开动作。
通过在第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，且第二半导体功率管模块6和第三半导体功率管模块7处于单向可通状态下(如果之前是双向可通状态或不可通状态，则需要切换为单向可通状态)，控制第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭，可以保证第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭的瞬间，第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2不短接，且立刻通过第二半导体功率管模块6和第三半导体功率管模块7立即导通。然后，闭合第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5，使得第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2通过第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5导通，切换完成，这也使得第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5在较小的电压下进行关闭动作。
需要说明的是，闭合第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5，可以是同时闭合，也可以是不同时闭合。
综上所述，在上述切换过程中，电压调节模块中通过设置串联电路和并联电路，并在串联电路和并联电路中设置可控开关模块，使得当需要低压输出时，可以将并联电路导通， 将串联电路断开，当需要高压输出时，可以将串联电路导通，将并联电路断开，从而，实现了使输出电压可以在一个较宽的区间内调节的目的。
在电动车的充电过程中，随着电动车充电电池的电压的逐渐升高，充电电压也要相应的升高。如果一开始电压调节模块中的第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态，则可以控制两个DC/DC变换器模块的输出电压升高。当DC/DC变换器模块的输出电压调节至最高状态后，此时如果还不能满足充电电池的电压要求，则需要将两个DC/DC变换器模块由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态，也可以称为高压输出状态。
本申请实施例提供电压调节模块，在切换时，串联电路和并联电路始终有一路处于导通状态(可参见上述切换过程)，因此，本申请实施例提供电源调节模块，可以实现在切换过程中不掉电的无缝切换，提高了电动车的充电体验，提高了充电电池的使用寿命。
另外，通过在可控开关模块两端并联半导体功率管模块，在可控开关模块断开的瞬间，半导体功率管模块自动续流，而在可控开关模块闭合的瞬间，前一刻其并联的半导体功率管模块处于导通状态，因此，可控开关模块的断开和闭合均是在小电压下进行的，这提高了可控开关模块的使用寿命。而且，这个特点也使得，当可控开关模块为交流继电器时，由于其断开和闭合，是在小电压下进行的，所以不会发生相关技术中在大电压下出现的打火拉弧的现象，所以可以使用较为便宜的交流型继电器，而不必使用价格较贵的直流型继电器，节约了成本。
需要说明的是，第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于串联导通状态，也可以称为电压调节模块处于高压输出状态。第一DC/DC变换器模块和第二DC/DC变换器模块处于并联导通状态，也可以称为电压调节模块处于低压输出状态。
下面以第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的三种具体的类型为例，来对电压调节模块的并联导通状态、串联导通状态和两者之间的切换进行说明：
第一种情况，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8均包括二极管。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态，第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于关闭状态。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器2组处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，则此时，串联电路导通。另外，由于第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态，所以当第一可控开关模块3断开的瞬间，第一半导体功率管模块6会自动续流。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态，则此时，并联电路导通。另外，由于第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8为二极管组，所以当第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开的瞬间，第二半导体 功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8两端立即产生正向压降，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8自动续流。
下面，对第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2的串联导通状态和并联导通状态的切换过程进行说明：
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，处理器，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，在第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开后，打开第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开后，闭合第一可控开关模块3。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为串联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，则第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8两端产生正向压降，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8自动续流。然后，控制第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开，则串联电路立即通过第一半导体功率管模块6导通，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8两端的正向压降消失，自动截止关闭。最后，闭合第一可控开关模块3，此时，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块3导通，整个切换过程完成。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，处理器，控制第一可控开关模块3断开，在第一可控开关模块3断开后，关闭第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭后，闭合第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为并联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第一可控开关模块3断开，由于第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态，则第一半导体功率管模块6自动续流，串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，控制第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭，则第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的两端立即产生正向压差，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8导通。最后，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5闭合，此时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5导通，整个切换过程完成。
第二种情况，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8均包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于关闭状态。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态，第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于关闭状态，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器2组处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，则此时，串联电路导通。另外，由于第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态，所以当第一可控开关模块3断开的瞬间，第一半导体功率管模块6 会自动续流。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态，则此时，并联电路导通。另外，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态，当第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开的瞬间，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8会自动续流。需要说明的是，由于第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8中的半导体功率管包括二极管，所以，即使第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于关闭状态，当第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开的瞬间，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8也会自动续流
下面，对第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2的串联导通状态和并联导通状态的切换过程进行说明：
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，处理器，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，在第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开后，关闭第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动，在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动关闭后，打开第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开后，闭合第一可控开关模块3。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为串联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，此时，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8自动续流。然后，控制第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动关闭，则此时，电流可以通过第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8中的二极管继续导通。然后，打开第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，则此时，串联电路通过第一半导体功率管模块6导通，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8中的二极管自动截止关闭。最后，闭合第一可控开关模块3，此时，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块3导通，整个切换过程完成。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，处理器，控制第一可控开关模块3断开，在第一可控开关模块3断开后，关闭第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭后，打开第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动，在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动打开后，闭合第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为并联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第一可控开关模块3断开，由于第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态，则第一半导体功率管模块6自动续流，串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，控制第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭，则第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的两端立即产生正向压差，并联电路通过第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8中的二极管导通。然后，打开第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动。最后，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5闭合，此时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5导通，整个切换过程完成。
第三种情况，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8均包括SCR管。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于关闭状态或打开状态。
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态，第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于关闭状态，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态。
下面，对第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2的串联导通状态和并联导通状态的切换过程进行论述：
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，处理器，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，在第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开后，打开第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动打开后，闭合第一可控开关模块3。
本申请实施例所示的方案，当需要切换为串联导通状态时，处理器首先控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，此时，由于第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态，所以第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8自动续流。然后，打开第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，则串联电路通过第一半导体功率管模块6导通，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8自动截止关闭。最后，控制第一可控开关模块3闭合，此时，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块3导通，整个切换过程完成。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，根据串联导通状态时，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动所处状态的不同，切换过程也不同。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，控制第一可控开关模块3断开，如果第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于关闭状态，则在第一可控开关模块3断开后，打开第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动，在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动打开后，关闭第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭后，闭合第二可控开关模块3和第三可控开关模块4。
或者，控制第一可控开关模块3断开，如果第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态，则在第一可控开关模块3断开后，关闭第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭后，闭合第二可控开关模块7和第三可控开关模块8。
本申请实施例所示的方案当需要切换为并联导通状态时，视第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动的状态的不同，具体切换过程也不同。
初始时第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于关闭状态：
处理器首先控制第一可控开关模块3断开，由于第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态，则第一半导体功率管模块6自动续流，串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，打开第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动，此时，由于第一半导体功 率管模块6的驱动打开，所以串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，关闭第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动，则第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的两端立即产生正向压差，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8立即导通。最后，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5闭合，此时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5导通，整个切换过程完成。
初始时第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态：
处理器首先控制第一可控开关模块3断开，由于第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动处于打开状态，则第一半导体功率管模块6自动续流，串联电路仍维持在导通状态。然后，关闭第一半导体功率管6的驱动，则第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的两端立即产生正向压差，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8导通。最后，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5闭合，此时，并联电路通过第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5导通，整个切换过程完成。
需要说明的是，上述各开关模块的断开和闭合，各半导体功率管模块的驱动的打开和关闭，指的是对应的器件完成相应的动作，而不是指控制信号的发出。例如，在第一半导体功率管模块6的驱动关闭后，闭合第二可控开关模块7和第三可控开关模块8，指的是第一半导体功率管模块6驱动处于关闭状态后，第二可控开关模块7和第三可控开关模块8再闭合，而不是指先发送驱动关闭信号，再发送开关闭合信号。实际上，由于可控开关模块动作的延时性，驱动关闭信号和开关闭合信号同时发出(甚至开关闭合信号早于驱动关闭信号发出)，也能实现驱动先打开，开关模块后闭合的目的。
另外，为了可以更好的实现电压调节模块的直流输出，电压调节模块还可以包括第一电容9和第二电容10，第一电容9的两端分别与第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端、输出负端连接，第二电容10的两端分别与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端、输出负端连接。
电压调节模块还可以包括第三电容11，第三电容11的两端分别与第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端、第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端连接。
通过设置上述第一电容9、第二电容10和第三电容11，可以起到整流滤波的作用，可以过滤DC/DC变换器模块输出的直流电中的一些交流成分，使得输出的电压更加稳定，提高了电动车的充电体验。
下面以一个具体的实例来对电压调节模块进行详细叙述。如图7所示，该电压调节模块包括第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2，两个DC/DC变换器模块采用LLC拓扑。两个DC/DC变换器模块的输入为正负400伏特的双BUS母线，双BUS母线中串联连接有两组电容。第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2的参数相同，每个DC/DC变换器模块的输出能力为250～500伏特恒功率。
第一可控开关模块、第二可控开关模块和第三可控开关模块均为交流继电器组，且分别用S1、S2、S3表示。第一半导体功率管模块为IGBT管组或MOS管组，用Q1表示，第二半导体功率管模块和第三半导体功率管模块为高频二极管组，用Q2和Q3表示。电路切换模块的电路的连接方式如图7所示。
电压调节模块为高压输出状态时，S1处于闭合状态，Q1处于驱动打开状态，S2和S3 处于断开状态。在这一状态下，通过调节两个DC/DC变换器模块的输出电压，可以实现500～1000伏特恒功率的输出。
电压调节模块为低压输出状态时，S1处于断开状态，Q1处于驱动关闭状态，S2和S3处于闭合状态。在这一状态下，通过调节两个DC/DC变换器模块的输出电压，可以实现250～500伏特恒功率的输出。
通过高压输出状态和低压输出状态的结合，电压调节模块可以实现250～1000伏特恒功率输出，可以兼容市面上所有电动车快充功率需求。
上述高压输出状态和低压输出状态的切换电压为500伏特，当向上调节或向下调节跨越500伏特电压时，需要进行串联电路和并联电路的转换。通过特有的控制逻辑时序，可以实现无缝切换，电压调节模块不会短时掉电。
低压输出状态(也可以称为并联导通状态)切换为高压输出状态(也可以称为串联导通状态)的控制逻辑时序为：初始状态时，S1处于断开状态，Q1处于驱动关闭状态，S2和S3处于闭合状态。当需要切换时，控制S2和S3断开，Q2和Q3无缝工作衔接，S2和S3断开之后，控制Q1的驱动打开，则Q1通过电流，Q2和Q3自动截止关闭，然后，控制S1闭合，完成切换动作。
高压输出状态切换为低压输出状态的控制逻辑时序为：初始状态时，S1处于闭合状态，Q1驱动处于打开状态，S2和S3处于断开状态。当需要切换时，控制S1断开，Q1无缝工作衔接，然后，控制Q1的驱动关闭，此时Q2和Q3自动续流，最后，控制S1和S3闭合，完成切换动作。
上述切换时的控制逻辑时序可以参考图8。其中，Vout中的高电平代表高压输出状态，低电平代表低压输出状态，S1和S2/S3的驱动处于高电平时，代表可控开关模块处于闭合状态，处于低电平时，代表可控开关模块处于断开状态。Q1的驱动处于高电平时，代表Q1的驱动处于打开状态，可以正常通过电流，处于低电平时，代表Q1的驱动处于关闭状态，不可以正常通过电流。图8中的V +代表高电平，V 0代表低电平，且V +和V 0仅用于对高低电平进行区分。
本申请实施例提供的电压调节模块的成本低，可以实现超宽范围连续恒功率，整个250～1000伏特的恒功率范围内，连续可调无中断，兼容市面所有车型实现快充需求，同时简化了控制逻辑，提升产品可用性。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电压调节模块，如图9所示，包括第一DC/DC变换器模块1、第二DC/DC变换器模块2、第一可控开关模块3、第二可控开关模块4、第三可控开关模块5、第二半导体功率管模块6和第三半导体功率管模块7。第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端通过第一可控开关模块3连接。第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出正端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出正端通过第二可控开关模块4连接，第一DC/DC变换器模块1的输出负端与第二DC/DC变换器模块2的输出负端通过第三可控开关模块5连接。第二半导体功率管模块7并联在第二可控开关模块4的两端，第三半导体功率管模块8并联在第三可控开关模块5的两端。
其中，电压调节模块中的各器件的介绍可以参照上述提供的电压调节模块的相应器件的介绍，在此不再赘述。各器件的连接方式也可以参照上述提供的电压调节模块的内容。
本实施例提供的电压调节模块，可以理解为第一种实施例提供的任一电压调节模块去第一半导体功率管模块6后得到的。
本申请实施例所示的方案，本申请实施例所示的方案，与第一种实施例提供的电压调节模块的切换过程相比，第二种实施例提供的电压调节模块缺少第一半导体功率管组，因此，在串联状态和并联状态的切换过程中，可以将第一种实施例提供的电压调节模块的第一半导体功率管6的动作去掉，即可得到第二种实施例提供的电压调节模块在切换过程的各器件的状态变化过程。
本申请实施例提供的电压调节模块，可以用在充电模组中进行输出电压的调节。电压调节模块中通过设置串联电路和并联电路，并在串联电路和并联电路中设置可控开关模块，使得当需要低压输出时，可以将并联电路导通，将串联电路断开，当需要高压输出时，可以将串联电路导通，将并联电路断开，从而，实现了使输出电压可以在一个较宽的区间内调节的目的。
除了应用在电动车充电技术领域中之外，本申请实施例提供的电压调节模块还可以应用到其它的充电装置中，用于为其余终端充电。例如，应用到手机、电脑等终端的充电器中。
本申请实施例提供的电压调节模块，在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的切换过程中，可以在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于单向可通状态时，断开第一可控开关模块3，则此时，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的两端立即产生正向压降，并联电路立即通过第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8导通。然后，闭合第二可控开关组4和第三可控开关组5，切换完成。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的切换过程中，在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8处于单向可通状态时，断开第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5，则此时，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8两端立即产生正向压降，并联电路变为由第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8导通。然后，闭合第一可控开关模块3，则第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8两端产生的正向压降消失，串联电路通过第一可控开关模块3立即导通，切换完成。
可见，在上述切换过程中，串联电路和并联电路始终有一路处于导通状态，因此，本申请实施例提供电源调节模块，可以实现在切换过程中不掉电的无缝切换，提高了电动车的充电体验。
另外，通过在第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5的两端分别并联第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8，在可控开关模块断开的瞬间，半导体功率管模块自动续流，而在可控开关模块闭合的瞬间，前一刻其并联的半导体功率管模块处于导通状态，因此，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5的断开和闭合均是在小电压下进行的，这提高了第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5的使用寿命。而且，这个特点也使得，当第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5为交流继电器时，由于其断开和闭合，是在小电压下进行的，所以不会发生相关技术中在大电压下出现的打火拉弧的现象，所以可以使用较为便宜的交流型继电器，而不必使用价格较贵的直流型继电器，节约了成本。
第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2均包括二极管时：
当电压调节模块处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控 开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态。当电压调节模块处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，控制第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开，则第二半导体功率管组7和第三半导体功率管组8自动续流，在第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开后，闭合第一可控开关模块3。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，控制第一可控开关模块3断开，则第二半导体功率管组7和第三半导体功率管组8立即导通，在第一可控开关模块3断开后，闭合第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5。
第二半导体功率管模块7包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种，第三半导体功率管模块8包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种时：
当电压调节模块处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于关闭状态。当电压调节模块处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态，第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，使能第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开。在第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开后，使能第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动关闭。在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动关闭后，使能第一可控开关模块3闭合。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，使能第一可控开关模块3断开。在第一可控开关模块3断开后，使能第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动打开。在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动打开后，使能第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5闭合。
第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8均包括SCR管时：
当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于串联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于闭合状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于断开状态，第二半导体功率管模块6和第三半导体功率管模块7的驱动处于关闭状态或打开状态。当第一DC/DC变换器模块1和第二DC/DC变换器模块2处于并联导通状态时，第一可控开关模块3处于断开状态，第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5处于闭合状态，第二半导体功率管模块6和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态。
在由并联导通状态切换到串联导通状态的过程中，使能第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开。在第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5断开后，使能第一可控开关模块闭合。
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，使能第一可控开关模块3断开。如果第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于关闭状态，则在第一可控开关模块3断开后，使能第二半导体功率管模块4和第三半导体功率管模块5的驱动打开。在第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动打开后，使能第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5闭合。
或者，
在由串联导通状态切换到并联导通状态的过程中，使能第一可控开关模块3断开。如果第二半导体功率管模块7和第三半导体功率管模块8的驱动处于打开状态，则在第一可控开关模块3断开后，使能第二可控开关模块4和第三可控开关模块5闭合。
本申请实施例还提供了一种充电模组，该充电模组包括上述任一项所述的电压调节模块。
其中，该充电模组可以应用在电动车充电桩中，也可以应用在其余充电装置中，例如，可以应用在手机、电脑等终端的充电器中。
本申请实施例所示的方案，充电模组可以包括电压调节模块和交直流转换模块，交直流转换模块用于将交流电转换为直流点，并输出给电压调节模块，具体的，输出到电压调节模块中的DC/DC变换器模块。电压调节模块用于对外输出电压，并对输出电压的大小进行调节。
本申请实施例还提供了一种充电桩，该充电桩包括上述充电模组。
其中，该充电桩可以为电动车充电桩。
以上所述仅为本申请一个实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种电压调节模块，其特征在于，包括：
    第一直流转直流DC/DC变换器模块(1)、第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)、第一可控开关模块(3)、第二可控开关模块(4)、第三可控开关模块(5)、第一半导体功率管模块(6)、第二半导体功率管模块(7)和第三半导体功率管模块(8)；
    所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出负端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端通过所述第一可控开关模块(3)连接；
    所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出正端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端通过所述第二可控开关模块(4)连接，所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出负端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出负端通过所述第三可控开关模块(5)连接；
    所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)并联在所述第一可控开关模块(3)的两端，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)并联在所述第二可控开关模块(4)的两端，所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)并联在所述第三可控开关模块(5)的两端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)包括金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管MOS管、绝缘栅双极型晶体管IGBT管和可控硅整流器SCR管中的至少一种；
    所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)包括二极管、MOS管、IGBT管和SCR管中的至少一种；
    所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)包括二极管、MOS管、IGBT管和SCR管中的至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)包括MOS管或IGBT管，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阳极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出负端连接，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阴极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端连接；或，
    所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)包括SCR管，所述SCR管的阳极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出负端连接，所述SCR管的阴极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)包括MOS管或IGBT管，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阳极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端连接，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阴极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出正端连接；或，
    所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)包括二极管或SCR管，所述二极管或SCR管的阳极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端连接，所述二极管或SCR管的阴极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出正端连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)包括MOS管或IGBT管，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阳极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出负端连接，所述MOS管或IGBT管中的二极管的阴极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出负端连接；或，
    所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)包括二极管或SCR管，所述二极管或SCR管的阳极与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出负端连接，所述二极管或SCR管的阴极与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出负端连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)处于串联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于闭合状态，所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管(6)的驱动处于打开状态或关闭状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)处于不可通状态或单向可通状态；
    当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)处于并联导通状态时，所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)处于闭合状态，所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管(6)的驱动处于关闭状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)处于不可通状态、双向可通状态或单向可通状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)由所述并联导通状态切换到所述串联导通状态的过程中，在所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)处于单向可通状态或双向可通状态下，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)断开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)处于断开状态，且所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)处于单向可通状态下，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动打开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动打开后，使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)闭合。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)由所述串联导通状态切换到所述并联导通状态的过程中，在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动处于打开状态下，使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于断开状态，且所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)处于单向可通状态下，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭后，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)闭合。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)均包括二极管，
    当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)处于串联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于闭合状态，所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动处于打开状态；
    当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)处于并联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于断开状态，所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第 三可控开关模块(5)处于闭合状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动处于关闭状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)在由所述并联导通状态切换到所述串联导通状态的过程中，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)断开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)断开后，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动打开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动打开后，使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)闭合。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)在由所述串联导通状态切换到所述并联导通状态的过程中，使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开后，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管(6)的驱动关闭后，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)闭合。
  12. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种，所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)包括MOS管和IGBT管中的至少一种；
    当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)处于串联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于闭合状态，所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动处于打开状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动处于关闭状态；
    当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)处于并联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于断开状态，所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)处于闭合状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动处于关闭状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动处于打开状态。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)由所述并联导通状态切换到所述串联导通状态的过程中，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)断开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)断开后，使能所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动关闭；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动关闭后，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动打开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动打开后，使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)闭合。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调控模块还包括处理 器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)由所述串联导通状态切换到所述并联导通状态的过程中，使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开后，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭后，使能所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动打开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动打开后，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)闭合。
  15. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)均包括SCR管；
    当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)处于串联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于闭合状态，所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)处于断开状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动处于打开状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动处于关闭状态或打开状态；
    当所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)处于并联导通状态时，所述第一可控开关模块(3)处于断开状态，所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)处于闭合状态，所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动处于关闭状态，所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动处于打开状态。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)由所述并联导通状态切换到所述串联导通状态的过程中，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)断开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)断开后，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动打开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动打开后，使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)闭合。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括处理器，所述处理器用于在所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)和所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)由所述串联导通状态切换到所述并联导通状态的过程中，使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开；
    所述处理器还用于如果所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动处于关闭状态，则在所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开后，使能所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动打开；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动打开后，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭后，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)闭合；或，
    所述处理器用于使能所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开；
    所述处理器还用于如果所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)和所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)的驱动处于打开状态，则在所述第一可控开关模块(3)断开后，使能所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭；
    所述处理器还用于在所述第一半导体功率管模块(6)的驱动关闭后，使能所述第二可控开关模块(4)和所述第三可控开关模块(5)闭合。
  18. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括第一电容(9)和第二电容(10)，所述第一电容(9)的两端分别与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出正端、输出负端连接，所述第二电容(10)的两端分别与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端、输出负端连接。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电压调节模块，其特征在于，所述电压调节模块还包括第三电容(11)，所述第三电容(11)的两端分别与所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出正端、所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出负端连接。
  20. 一种电压调节模块，其特征在于，包括：
    第一直流转直流DC/DC变换器模块(1)、第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)、第一可控开关模块(3)、第二可控开关模块(4)、第三可控开关模块(5)、第二半导体功率管模块(7)和第三半导体功率管模块(8)；
    所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出负端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端通过所述第一可控开关模块(3)连接；
    所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出正端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出正端通过所述第二可控开关模块(4)连接，所述第一DC/DC变换器模块(1)的输出负端与所述第二DC/DC变换器模块(2)的输出负端通过所述第三可控开关模块(5)连接；
    所述第二半导体功率管模块(7)并联在所述第二可控开关模块(4)的两端，所述第三半导体功率管模块(8)并联在所述第三可控开关模块(5)的两端。
  21. 一种充电模组，其特征在于，所述充电模组包括如权利要求1-20任一项所述的电压调节模块。
  22. 一种充电桩，其特征在于，所述充电桩包括如权利要求21所述的充电模组。
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