WO2021099025A1 - Electrohydraulic actuator for use under water, and electrically driven pump for such an electrohydraulic actuator - Google Patents
Electrohydraulic actuator for use under water, and electrically driven pump for such an electrohydraulic actuator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021099025A1 WO2021099025A1 PCT/EP2020/078242 EP2020078242W WO2021099025A1 WO 2021099025 A1 WO2021099025 A1 WO 2021099025A1 EP 2020078242 W EP2020078242 W EP 2020078242W WO 2021099025 A1 WO2021099025 A1 WO 2021099025A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- pump
- cylinder
- hydraulic
- piston
- electromagnet
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
- F04B17/04—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
- F04B17/042—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the solenoid motor being separated from the fluid flow
- F04B17/044—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the solenoid motor being separated from the fluid flow using solenoids directly actuating the piston
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/18—Combined units comprising both motor and pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/20507—Type of prime mover
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/20507—Type of prime mover
- F15B2211/20515—Electric motor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/315—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit
- F15B2211/31523—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and an output member
- F15B2211/31529—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and an output member having a single pressure source and a single output member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/625—Accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
- F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
- F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
- F15B2211/7052—Single-acting output members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
- F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
- F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
- F15B2211/7053—Double-acting output members
Definitions
- Electro-hydraulic actuator for use underwater and an electrically driven pump for such an electro-hydraulic actuator
- the present invention relates to an electrohydraulic actuator for use underwater according to the preamble of claim 1 and an electrically driven pump for an electrohydraulic actuator.
- Generic electrohydraulic actuators are used to operate valves or other components under water in water depths of up to several thousand meters, for example when extracting crude oil or natural gas or when transporting crude oil or natural gas in a pipeline.
- Such actuators are conventionally controlled hydraulically for use underwater.
- hydraulic power units HPU: Hydraulic Power Unit
- HPU Hydraulic Power Unit
- umbilicals hydraulic hoses
- a single or double-acting cylinder can then be provided which translates the pressure and / or the volume flow into a valve position.
- WO 2018/192747 A1 discloses an electrohydraulic system with a closed hydraulic circuit in which a double-acting cylinder with a hydraulic motor, which acts as a motor and a pump is operable, is driven to open and close a process valve.
- the hydraulic motor is driven by an electric machine that is supplied with electrical power via an electric cable.
- WO 2019/072715 A1 discloses a similar electrohydraulic system in which a hydraulic machine driven by an electric machine can be operated as a hydraulic pump with two conveying directions. Reference is also made to WO 2018/192783 A1.
- electrohydraulic actuators have not caught on in practice is that they have a comparatively large number of components that work together, for example the electric machine, the hydraulic motor and numerous valves, which increase the risk of functional errors, which is particularly important when it is used on the seabed is problematic. Many suppliers in the oil and gas production industry therefore require certification or qualification of all components used, whereby the effort for the manufacturer is considerable.
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying an electrohydraulic actuator for use under water and an electrically driven pump for such an electrohydraulic actuator which avoid the disadvantages mentioned, work reliably, minimize the risk of errors and are inexpensive.
- the number of components to be qualified or certified should preferably be small and components that have already been appropriately qualified or certified should be used.
- An electrohydraulic actuator for use under water has an electrically driven pump and at least one hydraulic cylinder.
- the hydraulic cylinder comprises at least one or two cylinder chambers, at least one displaceable piston delimiting the cylinder chamber (s), which is connected to at least one reciprocally retractable and extendable cylinder rod, wherein the piston can be sealed against a cylinder housing, for example by means of seals, so that the Volume of the cylinder chambers is changed by moving the piston.
- hydraulic cylinders with more than two cylinder chambers and / or several pistons can also be provided, but a maximum of two cylinder chambers and a single piston are preferably provided.
- a valve is provided in a hydraulic connection between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder, so that the pump can pump hydraulic fluid into at least one cylinder chamber via the hydraulic connection.
- the pump can pump hydraulic fluid into at least one cylinder chamber via the hydraulic connection.
- it is also possible, in addition or as an alternative, to suck out hydraulic fluid from at least one cylinder chamber with the pump.
- the electrically driven pump is extremely simple and designed with an integrated electric drive.
- the pump has a cylinder space which is delimited by a displaceable pump piston and its volume can be changed by moving the pump piston.
- the cylinder space comprises a suction inlet and a pressure outlet. It can be the only cylinder space of the pump to which the working medium of the pump, in particular hydraulic oil, is applied. This does not necessarily have to be circular in cross-section; other cross-sections can also be considered.
- the electric drive of the pump comprises an electromagnet, which acts on the pump piston to move it at least indirectly with a magnetic force against the force of a spring element, so that the piston can be moved by the electromagnet when the electromagnet is actuated and by the spring element when the electromagnet is not actuated its previous starting position is spent.
- the electromagnet is assigned a control device which is set up to switch on the electromagnet intermittently in order to thereby effect a reciprocal displacement of the pump piston, so that the pump works like a piston pump.
- an electromagnet can be used such as is conventionally already used for directional spool valves in underwater applications of the generic type. This means that there is no need for a new certification or qualification.
- the electromagnet only needs to be arranged in a new hydraulic-mechanical arrangement with the pump piston and the cylinder chamber, which can be the only cylinder chamber of the pump, in order to achieve the pump functionality.
- the pump pressure that can be generated results from the difference between the magnetic force and the restoring force of the spring element and the piston area.
- the volume flow can be determined via the flow volume and the frequency of the stroke movement.
- the pump or the electromagnet can be controlled with an electrical direct voltage signal, for example with a current of 24 V and 4 to 20 mA.
- External hydraulic lines from the sea floor to the sea surface or generally to bridge the distance from the water surface to the electrohydraulic actuator can be omitted.
- the magnetic force can be between 500 and 1000 N, for example between 650 and 750 N, and the force of the spring element can be 100 to 300 N.
- the driving force results from the difference between these two forces.
- the diameter of the cylinder chamber can for example be between 10 and 30 mm, preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
- the stroke can be, for example, between 3 and 13 mm, in particular between 5 and 10 mm.
- the frequency can for example be between 2 and 8 Hz, in particular between 4 and 6 Hz.
- a volume flow of 0.5 to 2 l / min can be generated with the electric pump, in particular 0.8 to 1.2 l / min .
- the stroke volume can for example be between 3000 and 4000 mm 3 , in particular between 3200 and 3600 mm 3 .
- the valve in the hydraulic connection between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder comprises at least two switching positions, namely a first switching position in which a first of the two cylinder chambers is connected to a pressure side of the pump and a second of the two cylinder chambers is connected to a suction side the pump is connected, and a second switching position in which the first cylinder chamber is connected to the suction side of the pump and the second cylinder chamber is connected to the pressure side of the pump.
- the valve preferably has a third switching position in which the connections between the pressure side of the pump and the cylinder chambers and between the suction side of the pump and the cylinder chambers are blocked.
- the valve can be designed, for example, as a directional spool valve, in particular as a 4/3 directional spool valve. Of course, other types of valves can be used.
- An alternative preferred design is a 3/3-way spool valve that works together with a single-acting cylinder, the piston of which is, for example, spring-return.
- the valve thus has a first switching position in which a cylinder chamber is connected to a pressure side of the pump, and a second switching position in which the cylinder chamber is connected to the suction side of the pump.
- the valve preferably has a third switching position in which the connections between the pressure side of the pump and the cylinder chamber and between the suction side of the pump and the cylinder chamber are blocked.
- a compression spring is positioned on the side of the piston facing away from the cylinder chamber and presses the piston against the pressure force of the cylinder chamber.
- the suction inlet and the pressure inlet of the pump are preferably each connected to a hydraulic accumulator.
- the pressure in one hydraulic accumulator can preferably be lower than in the other hydraulic accumulator, with the hydraulic accumulator on the pressure side advantageously having a higher pressure than in the hydraulic accumulator on the suction side of the pump.
- a single hydraulic accumulator can also be provided on the pressure side or the suction side of the pump.
- a hydraulic accumulator or several hydraulic accumulators can compensate for a low volume flow that can be generated with the pump, in that large volume flow requirements are served by the hydraulic accumulator (s) and the pump can then refill the hydraulic accumulator (s) over a correspondingly longer running time.
- the pump, the valve and in particular the hydraulic accumulator can be carried by a common housing and in particular be partially or completely enclosed by this.
- a check valve is preferably provided at the suction inlet and at the pressure outlet. The opening direction is such that hydraulic medium can correspondingly be sucked into the cylinder space via the suction inlet and can be discharged from the cylinder space via the pressure outlet.
- An electrically driven pump according to the invention which can be used for an electrohydraulic drive of the type shown, has at least one cylinder space which is delimited by a displaceable pump piston and its volume can be changed by moving the pump piston, the cylinder space having a suction inlet and a pressure outlet and an electric drive of the pump is integrated into the pump and comprises an electromagnet which acts on the pump piston for its displacement at least indirectly with a magnetic force counter to the force of a spring element.
- the electromagnet is preferably assigned a control device which is set up to switch on the electromagnet intermittently in order to effect a reciprocal displacement of the pump piston.
- a check valve is particularly preferably provided at the suction inlet and at the pressure outlet.
- a hydraulic accumulator can each be provided at the suction inlet and pressure outlet.
- the valve in the hydraulic line between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder and the electrically driven pump each have an electromagnet, in particular a control magnet, as a drive, the two magnets at least in Are executed essentially identically. Only the activation of the magnets can take place differently, in particular by means of a connected electronic control device in each case, for example in that the electronic control devices provided are programmed differently in each case. However, a common control device can also be considered.
- the electromagnet of the pump and / or of the valve can be designed redundantly in order to maintain functionality in the event of a magnet failure.
- the electrohydraulic actuator shown here for use under water and which is generally only directed to an electrically driven pump which can also be used for purposes other than use with an electrohydraulic actuator
- the electrically driven pump has at least one cylinder space, which is limited by a displaceable pump piston and can be changed in volume by moving the pump piston
- the cylinder space has at least one suction inlet and at least one pressure outlet and an electric drive of the pump is integrated in the pump and has an electromagnet, in particular a regulating magnet, which acts on the pump piston to move it at least indirectly with a magnetic force against the force of a spring element
- the electromagnet is a magnetic force Detection device, for example comprising a Hall sensor, assigned, which detects the currently acting magnetic force of the electromagnet, wherein a control device is also provided which determines the current pump pressure, i.e.
- a corresponding method for driving such an electrically driven pump can accordingly determine the current pump pressure from the detected magnetic force.
- the magnetic force is determined from a measured Hall voltage and the pressure generated during the piston movement is calculated from this.
- the magnetic force detection device can detect a varying magnetic force depending on the current piston load and piston position. The influence of the piston position can be calculated out and thus a preferably directly proportional measured variable of the pressure generated can be determined.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of an electrically driven pump according to the invention
- FIG. 2a shows a circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an electrohydraulic actuator according to the present invention
- FIG. 2b shows a circuit diagram of an alternative exemplary embodiment of an electrohydraulic actuator according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 shows an advantageous integration of various components in a common housing.
- FIG. 1 an exemplary embodiment of an electrically driven pump 1 according to the invention is shown, which has a cylinder space 10 which is delimited by a displaceable pump piston 11. By moving the Pump piston 11, the cylinder space 10 is changed in its volume.
- the cylinder chamber 10 has a suction inlet 12 and a pressure outlet 13, a check valve 20, 21 being arranged in each case in the suction inlet 12 and in the pressure outlet 13.
- An electromagnet 14 is provided for alternating displacement of the pump piston 11. When the electromagnet 14 is switched on, it exerts a magnetic force on a pulling element 22 which is connected to the pump piston 11 in a tensile or rigid manner.
- a tension element 22 instead of a tension element 22, a pressure element could also be provided, which is connected to the pump piston 11 in a pressure-tight or rigid manner and is subjected to a pressure force by the electromagnet 14.
- the tension element 22 is, for example, an armature and the electromagnet 14 comprises a coil with or without a core, which moves the armature accordingly when an electrical voltage is applied.
- the electromagnet 14 can thus be actuated intermittently by a connected control device 16 in order to operate the electrically driven pump 1 in the manner of a reciprocating piston pump.
- a control device 25 is shown schematically, which works together with a magnetic force detection device 26 in order to measure the current pump pressure, that is to say that in the cylinder chamber 10 with the To determine the pressure generated by pump 1 without the need for an additional pressure sensor.
- the control device 25 could also be connected to the control device 16 can be integrated or a common control device could be provided for both functions.
- the magnetic force detection device 26 includes, for example, a Hall sensor and detects the varying magnetic force, in particular as a function of the current axial load on the pump piston 11 and the axial position of the pump piston 11. The axial load results from the force of the spring element 15 and the pressure in the cylinder chamber 10. If the force of the spring element 15, for example, is determined as a function of the position of the pump piston 11 or is predetermined, the pump pressure can be determined from the detected magnetic force.
- the electrically driven pump 1 is shown in a circuit diagram of an electrohydraulic actuator for use under water.
- a first hydraulic accumulator 17 is connected to the suction inlet 12 of the pump 1, that is to say on its suction side 9, and a second hydraulic accumulator 18 is connected to the pressure outlet 13, that is to say on the pressure side 8 of the pump 1.
- a hydraulic cylinder 2 is also provided, comprising two cylinder chambers 3, 4, a displaceable piston 5 delimiting the cylinder chambers 3, 4 and a cylinder rod 6 that can be reciprocally retracted and extended from the hydraulic cylinder 2 or its cylinder housing the cylinder rod 6 is more or less extended or retracted depending on the pressure ratio across the piston 5.
- the pressure side 8 of the pump 1 and the suction side 9 of the pump 1 can be alternately connected to the two cylinder chambers 3, 4 by means of a valve 7, which is designed as a 4/3 directional spool valve.
- a valve 7 which is designed as a 4/3 directional spool valve.
- the pressure side 8 is connected to the first cylinder chamber 3 and the suction side 9 is connected to the second cylinder chamber 4.
- these connections are reversed.
- the connections are interrupted.
- the valve 7 also has an electromagnet 23 in order to actuate it.
- the electromagnet 23 can work against the force of a corresponding spring element 24, which is provided as a restoring element.
- the cylinder rod 6 can now be connected to an underwater valve or the like in order to operate it as an actuator.
- FIG. 2b An alternative embodiment similar to that of FIG. 2a is shown in FIG. 2b.
- the corresponding components are denoted by corresponding reference numerals.
- a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 2 is provided, which has only one cylinder chamber 3, which alternates with the pressure side 8 and the suction side 9 of the pump 1 via a valve 7, which is designed as a 3/3-way spool valve can be connected.
- a valve 7 which is designed as a 3/3-way spool valve can be connected.
- a spring element 27 is provided, here in the form of a compression spring, which acts against the pressure in the cylinder chamber 3 and thus applies a compressive force to the piston 5 in the sense of an extension.
- a housing 19 is shown in which the two electromagnets 14, 23 and all hydraulic connections are integrated.
- the hydraulic accumulators 17, 18 can also be provided within the housing 19 or carried by it.
- the entire pump 1 and the valve 7 are preferably partially or completely integrated into the housing 19. Thus, only at least one, in particular electrical, signal line has to be connected to the housing 19 in order to actuate the electromagnets 14, 23 in order to thereby bring about the full functionality of the electrohydraulic actuator.
- the electromagnets 14, 23 can, for example, be of identical construction and only need to be controlled differently from one another according to their function.
- the electromagnets 14, 23 can also be designed redundantly in order to enable continued operation of the actuator if one of the electromagnets 14,
- a control device 16 or 26 of the electromagnet 14 of the pump 1 can either utilize the hydraulic pressure transmitted by a pressure sensor via a signal line in order to control the drive of the pump 1, for example to maintain a predetermined pressure in the fly hydraulic accumulator 18.
- the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic accumulator 18 can also be detected indirectly and without an additional pressure sensor if a magnetic force detection device 26, for example with a Hall sensor, is provided accordingly.
- a closed control loop can be provided for actuating or setting a proportional valve with the electrohydraulic actuator, for example by measuring the position of the valve actuator (for example the cylinder rod 6) or this is possible by measuring the desired valve pressure on the valve.
- a simple on-off valve can be controlled directly. Reference number
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrohydraulic actuator for use under water, having: an electrically driven pump; at least one hydraulic cylinder that comprises at least one or two cylinder chambers and a slidable piston which delimits the cylinder chamber(s) and is connected to at least one reciprocally retractable and extendable cylinder rod; and a valve in a hydraulic connection between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder. The electrohydraulic actuator according to the invention is characterised in that the electrically driven pump has a cylinder space which is delimited by a slidable pump piston and the volume of which can be changed by sliding the pump piston, wherein the cylinder space has a suction inlet and a pressure outlet, and an electric drive of the pump is integrated in the pump and has an electromagnet which acts on the pump piston at least indirectly by means of a magnetic force, against the force of a spring element, in order to slide said piston, wherein a control device is assigned to the electromagnet, which device is designed to intermittently switch on the electromagnet in order to cause the pump piston to slide reciprocally.
Description
Elektrohydraulischer Aktuator für den Einsatz unterWasser und elektrisch anqetriebene Pumpe für einen solchen elektrohydraulischen Aktuator Electro-hydraulic actuator for use underwater and an electrically driven pump for such an electro-hydraulic actuator
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen elektrohydraulischen Aktuator für den Einsatz unterWasser gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sowie eine elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe für einen elektrohydraulischen Aktuator. The present invention relates to an electrohydraulic actuator for use underwater according to the preamble of claim 1 and an electrically driven pump for an electrohydraulic actuator.
Gattungsgemäße elektrohydraulische Aktuatoren werden verwendet, um unter Wasser in Wassertiefen bis zu mehreren Tausend Metern, beispielsweise bei der Förderung von Erdöl oder Erdgas oder beim Transport von Erdöl oder Erdgas in einer Pipeline, Ventile oder andere Bauteile zu betätigen. Herkömmlich werden solche Aktuatoren für den Einsatz unterWasser hydraulisch angesteuert. Dazu sind zum Beispiel auf Plattformen an der Wasseroberfläche hydraulische Leistungseinheiten (HPU: Hydraulic Power Unit) vorgesehen, die über Hydraulikschläuche, sogenannte Umbilicals, mit dem Unterwasseraktuator verbunden sind und über die Schläuche entsprechenden hydraulischen Druck und hydraulische Volumenströme zur Verfügung stellen, um den Aktuator anzusteuern. Unter Wasser, insbesondere am Meeresgrund, kann dann ein einfach- oder doppelwirkender Zylinder vorgesehen sein, der den Druck und/oder den Volumenstrom in eine Ventilstellung übersetzt. Generic electrohydraulic actuators are used to operate valves or other components under water in water depths of up to several thousand meters, for example when extracting crude oil or natural gas or when transporting crude oil or natural gas in a pipeline. Such actuators are conventionally controlled hydraulically for use underwater. For this purpose, hydraulic power units (HPU: Hydraulic Power Unit) are provided on platforms on the surface of the water, which are connected to the underwater actuator via hydraulic hoses, so-called umbilicals, and provide the appropriate hydraulic pressure and hydraulic volume flows via the hoses in order to control the actuator . Under water, in particular on the sea bed, a single or double-acting cylinder can then be provided which translates the pressure and / or the volume flow into a valve position.
Die genannten Hydraulikschläuche oder allgemein Hydraulikleitungen sind anfällig für eine Leckage und die erheblichen Längen sowie die damit verbundenen Druckverluste führen zu einer ungenauen Ansteuerung der entsprechenden Ventile, insbesondere wenn es sich um einen Aktuator für ein Proportionalventil handelt, wie ihn die vorliegende Erfindung insbesondere betrifft. Es wurden daher elektrische Antriebslösungen vorgeschlagen, die sich jedoch in der Praxis nicht durchgesetzt haben. Beispielsweise offenbart WO 2018/192747 A1 ein elektrohydraulisches System mit einem geschlossenen Hydraulikkreislauf, bei dem ein doppeltwirkender Zylinder mit einem Hydromotor, der als Motor und als Pumpe
betreibbar ist, angetrieben wird, um ein Prozessventil zu öffnen und zu schließen. Der Hydromotor wird durch eine Elektromaschine angetrieben, die über ein Elektrokabel mit elektrischer Leistung versorgt wird. The mentioned hydraulic hoses or hydraulic lines in general are susceptible to leakage and the considerable lengths and the associated pressure losses lead to inaccurate control of the corresponding valves, especially when it is an actuator for a proportional valve, as the present invention relates in particular. Electric drive solutions have therefore been proposed, but they have not been implemented in practice. For example, WO 2018/192747 A1 discloses an electrohydraulic system with a closed hydraulic circuit in which a double-acting cylinder with a hydraulic motor, which acts as a motor and a pump is operable, is driven to open and close a process valve. The hydraulic motor is driven by an electric machine that is supplied with electrical power via an electric cable.
WO 2019/072715 A1 offenbart ein ähnliches elektrohydraulisches System, bei welchem eine von einer Elektromaschine angetriebene Hydromaschine als Hydropumpe mit zwei Förderrichtungen betreibbar ist. Ferner wird auf WO 2018/192783 A1 verwiesen. WO 2019/072715 A1 discloses a similar electrohydraulic system in which a hydraulic machine driven by an electric machine can be operated as a hydraulic pump with two conveying directions. Reference is also made to WO 2018/192783 A1.
Ein Grund dafür, dass sich solche elektrohydraulische Aktuatoren nicht in der Praxis durchgesetzt haben, liegt darin, dass diese vergleichsweise viele zusammenarbeitende Komponenten, beispielsweise die Elektromaschine, den Hydromotor sowie zahlreiche Ventile aufweisen, welche die Gefahr von Funktionsfehlern erhöhen, was beim Anwendungsfall am Meeresgrund besonders problematisch ist. Viele Ausrüster in der Öl- und Gasförderindustrie verlangen daher eine Zertifizierung oder Qualifizierung aller verwendeten Komponenten, wobei der Aufwand hierfür für die Hersteller beträchtlich ist. One reason why such electrohydraulic actuators have not caught on in practice is that they have a comparatively large number of components that work together, for example the electric machine, the hydraulic motor and numerous valves, which increase the risk of functional errors, which is particularly important when it is used on the seabed is problematic. Many suppliers in the oil and gas production industry therefore require certification or qualification of all components used, whereby the effort for the manufacturer is considerable.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen elektrohydraulischen Aktuator für den Einsatz unter Wasser sowie eine elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe für einen solchen elektrohydraulischen Aktuator anzugeben, welche die genannten Nachteile vermeiden, zuverlässig arbeiten, das Fehlerrisiko minimieren und kostengünstig aufgebaut sind. Bevorzugt soll die Anzahl von zu qualifizierenden beziehungsweise zertifizierenden Komponenten gering sein und auf bereits entsprechend qualifizierte oder zertifizierte Komponenten zurückgegriffen werden. The present invention is based on the object of specifying an electrohydraulic actuator for use under water and an electrically driven pump for such an electrohydraulic actuator which avoid the disadvantages mentioned, work reliably, minimize the risk of errors and are inexpensive. The number of components to be qualified or certified should preferably be small and components that have already been appropriately qualified or certified should be used.
Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird durch einen elektrohydraulischen Aktuator mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 und eine elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 8 gelöst. In den abhängigen Ansprüchen werden
vorteilhafte und besonders zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung beschrieben. The object according to the invention is achieved by an electrohydraulic actuator with the features of claim 1 and an electrically driven pump with the features of claim 8. In the dependent claims described advantageous and particularly useful embodiments of the invention.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer elektrohydraulischer Aktuator für den Einsatz unter Wasser weist eine elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe und wenigstens einen Hydraulikzylinder auf. Der Hydraulikzylinder umfasst wenigstens eine oder zwei Zylinderkammern, wenigstens einen verschiebbaren, die Zylinderkammer(n) begrenzenden Kolben, der an wenigstens einer wechselseitig ein- und ausfahrbaren Zylinderstange angeschlossen ist, wobei der Kolben zum Beispiel über Dichtungen gegenüber einem Zylindergehäuse abgedichtet sein kann, sodass das Volumen der Zylinderkammern durch Verschieben des Kolbens verändert wird. Grundsätzlich können auch Hydraulikzylinder mit mehr als zwei Zylinderkammern und/oder mehreren Kolben vorgesehen sein, bevorzugt sind jedoch maximal zwei Zylinderkammern und ein einziger Kolben vorgesehen. An electrohydraulic actuator according to the invention for use under water has an electrically driven pump and at least one hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder comprises at least one or two cylinder chambers, at least one displaceable piston delimiting the cylinder chamber (s), which is connected to at least one reciprocally retractable and extendable cylinder rod, wherein the piston can be sealed against a cylinder housing, for example by means of seals, so that the Volume of the cylinder chambers is changed by moving the piston. In principle, hydraulic cylinders with more than two cylinder chambers and / or several pistons can also be provided, but a maximum of two cylinder chambers and a single piston are preferably provided.
Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Ventil in einer Hydraulikverbindung zwischen der Pumpe und dem Hydraulikzylinder vorgesehen, sodass die Pumpe Hydraulikfluid über die Hydraulikverbindung in wenigstens eine Zylinderkammer pumpen kann. Prinzipiell ist es auch möglich, zusätzlich oder alternativ mit der Pumpe Hydraulikfluid aus wenigstens einen Zylinderkammer abzusaugen. According to the invention, a valve is provided in a hydraulic connection between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder, so that the pump can pump hydraulic fluid into at least one cylinder chamber via the hydraulic connection. In principle, it is also possible, in addition or as an alternative, to suck out hydraulic fluid from at least one cylinder chamber with the pump.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe äußerst einfach und mit einem integrierten elektrischen Antrieb ausgestaltet. So weist die Pumpe einen Zylinderraum auf, der durch einen verschiebbaren Pumpenkolben begrenzt wird und durch Verschieben des Pumpenkolbens in seinem Volumen veränderbar ist. Der Zylinderraum umfasst einen Saugeinlass und einen Druckauslass. Es kann sich um den einzigen mit dem Arbeitsmedium der Pumpe, insbesondere Hydrauliköl, beaufschlagten Zylinderraum der Pumpe handeln. Dieser muss im Querschnitt nicht unbedingt kreisförmig sein, sondern es kommen auch andere Querschnitte in Betracht.
Der elektrische Antrieb der Pumpe umfasst einen Elektromagneten, der den Pumpenkolben zu dessen Verschiebung zumindest mittelbar mit einer Magnetkraft entgegen der Kraft eines Federelementes beaufschlagt, sodass der Kolben bei Betätigen des Elektromagneten durch den Elektromagneten verschoben werden kann und bei Nichtbetätigung durch den Elektromagneten durch das Federelement in seine vorherige Ausgangslage verbracht wird. Dem Elektromagneten ist eine Steuervorrichtung zugeordnet, die eingerichtet ist, den Elektromagneten intermittierend einzuschalten, um dadurch eine reziproke Verschiebung des Pumpenkolbens zu bewirken, sodass die Pumpe nach Art einer Kolbenpumpe arbeitet. According to the invention, the electrically driven pump is extremely simple and designed with an integrated electric drive. The pump has a cylinder space which is delimited by a displaceable pump piston and its volume can be changed by moving the pump piston. The cylinder space comprises a suction inlet and a pressure outlet. It can be the only cylinder space of the pump to which the working medium of the pump, in particular hydraulic oil, is applied. This does not necessarily have to be circular in cross-section; other cross-sections can also be considered. The electric drive of the pump comprises an electromagnet, which acts on the pump piston to move it at least indirectly with a magnetic force against the force of a spring element, so that the piston can be moved by the electromagnet when the electromagnet is actuated and by the spring element when the electromagnet is not actuated its previous starting position is spent. The electromagnet is assigned a control device which is set up to switch on the electromagnet intermittently in order to thereby effect a reciprocal displacement of the pump piston, so that the pump works like a piston pump.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung kann ein Elektromagnet verwendet werden, wie er herkömmlich bei Unterwasseranwendungen der gattungsgemäßen Art bereits für Wegeschieberventile verwendet wird. Damit kann eine erneute Zertifizierung oder Qualifizierung entfallen. Der Elektromagnet braucht nur in einer neuen hydraulisch-mechanischen Anordnung mit dem Pumpenkolben und dem Zylinderraum, der der einzige Zylinderraum der Pumpe sein kann, angeordnet zu werden, um die Pumpenfunktionalität zu erreichen. Due to the design according to the invention, an electromagnet can be used such as is conventionally already used for directional spool valves in underwater applications of the generic type. This means that there is no need for a new certification or qualification. The electromagnet only needs to be arranged in a new hydraulic-mechanical arrangement with the pump piston and the cylinder chamber, which can be the only cylinder chamber of the pump, in order to achieve the pump functionality.
Aus der Differenz der Magnetkraft und der Rückstellkraft des Federelementes sowie der Kolbenfläche ergibt sich der erzeugbare Pumpendruck. Über das Flubvolumen und die Frequenz der Hubbewegung lässt sich der Volumenstrom bestimmen. The pump pressure that can be generated results from the difference between the magnetic force and the restoring force of the spring element and the piston area. The volume flow can be determined via the flow volume and the frequency of the stroke movement.
Insbesondere kann die Pumpe beziehungsweise der Elektromagnet mit einem elektrischen Gleichspannungssignal angesteuert werden, beispielsweise mit 24 V und 4 bis 20 mA Stromstärke. Externe hydraulische Leitungen vom Meeresgrund zur Meeresoberfläche beziehungsweise allgemein zur Überbrückung des Abstands von der Wasseroberfläche zum elektrohydraulischen Aktuator können entfallen.
Die Magnetkraft kann beispielsweise zwischen 500 und 1000 N liegen, beispielsweise zwischen 650 und 750 N, und die Kraft des Federelementes kann 100 bis 300 N betragen. Aus der Differenz dieser beiden Kräfte ergibt sich die Antriebskraft. Der Durchmesser der Zylinderkammer kann beispielsweise zwischen 10 und 30 mm betragen, bevorzugt zwischen 20 und 30 mm. Der Hubweg kann zum Beispiel zwischen 3 und 13 mm betragen, insbesondere zwischen 5 und 10 mm. Die Frequenz kann beispielsweise zwischen 2 und 8 Hz betragen, insbesondere zwischen 4 und 6 Hz. Beispielsweise kann ein Volumenstrom von 0,5 bis 2 l/min mit der elektrischen Pumpe erzeugt werden, insbesondere von 0,8 bis 1,2 l/min. In particular, the pump or the electromagnet can be controlled with an electrical direct voltage signal, for example with a current of 24 V and 4 to 20 mA. External hydraulic lines from the sea floor to the sea surface or generally to bridge the distance from the water surface to the electrohydraulic actuator can be omitted. The magnetic force can be between 500 and 1000 N, for example between 650 and 750 N, and the force of the spring element can be 100 to 300 N. The driving force results from the difference between these two forces. The diameter of the cylinder chamber can for example be between 10 and 30 mm, preferably between 20 and 30 mm. The stroke can be, for example, between 3 and 13 mm, in particular between 5 and 10 mm. The frequency can for example be between 2 and 8 Hz, in particular between 4 and 6 Hz. For example, a volume flow of 0.5 to 2 l / min can be generated with the electric pump, in particular 0.8 to 1.2 l / min .
Das Hubvolumen kann beispielsweise zwischen 3000 und 4000 mm3 betragen, insbesondere zwischen 3200 und 3600 mm3. The stroke volume can for example be between 3000 and 4000 mm 3 , in particular between 3200 and 3600 mm 3 .
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst das Ventil in der Hydraulikverbindung zwischen der Pumpe und dem Hydraulikzylinder wenigstens zwei Schaltstellungen, nämlich eine erste Schaltstellung, in welcher eine erste der beiden Zylinderkammern mit einer Druckseite der Pumpe verbunden ist und eine zweite der beiden Zylinderkammern mit einer Saugseite der Pumpe verbunden ist, und eine zweite Schaltstellung, in welcher die erste Zylinderkammer mit der Saugseite der Pumpe verbunden ist und die zweite Zylinderkammer mit der Druckseite der Pumpe verbunden ist. Bevorzugt weist das Ventil eine dritte Schaltstellung auf, in welcher die Verbindungen zwischen der Druckseite der Pumpe und den Zylinderkammern und zwischen der Saugseite der Pumpe und den Zylinderkammern abgesperrt sind. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve in the hydraulic connection between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder comprises at least two switching positions, namely a first switching position in which a first of the two cylinder chambers is connected to a pressure side of the pump and a second of the two cylinder chambers is connected to a suction side the pump is connected, and a second switching position in which the first cylinder chamber is connected to the suction side of the pump and the second cylinder chamber is connected to the pressure side of the pump. The valve preferably has a third switching position in which the connections between the pressure side of the pump and the cylinder chambers and between the suction side of the pump and the cylinder chambers are blocked.
Das Ventil kann beispielsweise als Wegeschieberventil ausgeführt sein, insbesondere als 4/3-Wegeschieberventil.
Selbstverständlich kommen andere Ventilarten in Betracht. Eine alternative vorzuziehende Bauart ist ein 3/3-Wegeschieberventil, das mit einem einfachwirkenden Zylinder, dessen Kolben beispielsweise federrückgestellt ausgeführt ist, zusammenarbeitet. Das Ventil weist somit eine erste Schaltstellung auf, in welcher eine Zylinderkammer mit einer Druckseite der Pumpe verbunden ist, und eine zweite Schaltstellung, in welcher die Zylinderkammer mit der Saugseite der Pumpe verbunden ist. Bevorzugt weist das Ventil eine dritte Schaltstellung auf, in welcher die Verbindungen zwischen der Druckseite der Pumpe und der Zylinderkammer und zwischen der Saugseite der Pumpe und der Zylinderkammer abgesperrt sind. Beispielsweise ist auf der der Zylinderkammer abgewandten Seite des Kolbens eine Druckfeder positioniert, die den Kolben entgegen der Druckkraft der Zylinderkammer druckbeaufschlagt. The valve can be designed, for example, as a directional spool valve, in particular as a 4/3 directional spool valve. Of course, other types of valves can be used. An alternative preferred design is a 3/3-way spool valve that works together with a single-acting cylinder, the piston of which is, for example, spring-return. The valve thus has a first switching position in which a cylinder chamber is connected to a pressure side of the pump, and a second switching position in which the cylinder chamber is connected to the suction side of the pump. The valve preferably has a third switching position in which the connections between the pressure side of the pump and the cylinder chamber and between the suction side of the pump and the cylinder chamber are blocked. For example, a compression spring is positioned on the side of the piston facing away from the cylinder chamber and presses the piston against the pressure force of the cylinder chamber.
Bevorzugt sind der Saugeinlass und der Druckeinlass der Pumpe jeweils mit einem Hydraulikspeicher verbunden. Dabei kann in dem einen Hydraulikspeicher vorzugsweise ein geringer Druck herrschen als in dem anderen Hydraulikspeicher, wobei in dem Hydraulikspeicher auf der Druckseite vorteilhaft ein größerer Druck als im Hydraulikspeicher auf der Saugseite der Pumpe herrscht. Es kann auch ein einziger Hydraulikspeicher auf der Druckseite oder der Saugseite der Pumpe vorgesehen sein. Ein Hydraulikspeicher oder mehrere Hydraulikspeicher können einen geringen mit der Pumpe erzeugbaren Volumenstrom ausgleichen, indem große Volumenstromanforderungen durch den oder die Hydraulikspeicher bedient werden und die Pumpe durch eine entsprechend längere Laufzeit den oder die Hydraulikspeicher dann wieder auffüllen kann. The suction inlet and the pressure inlet of the pump are preferably each connected to a hydraulic accumulator. The pressure in one hydraulic accumulator can preferably be lower than in the other hydraulic accumulator, with the hydraulic accumulator on the pressure side advantageously having a higher pressure than in the hydraulic accumulator on the suction side of the pump. A single hydraulic accumulator can also be provided on the pressure side or the suction side of the pump. A hydraulic accumulator or several hydraulic accumulators can compensate for a low volume flow that can be generated with the pump, in that large volume flow requirements are served by the hydraulic accumulator (s) and the pump can then refill the hydraulic accumulator (s) over a correspondingly longer running time.
Die Pumpe, das Ventil und insbesondere die Hydraulikspeicher können von einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse getragen und insbesondere von diesem teilweise oder vollständig umschlossen werden.
Bevorzugt ist am Saugeinlass und am Druckauslass jeweils ein Rückschlagventil vorgesehen. Die Öffnungsrichtung ist dabei derart, dass entsprechend über den Saugeinlass Hydraulikmedium in den Zylinderraum eingesaugt werden kann und über den Druckauslass aus dem Zylinderraum abgeführt werden kann. The pump, the valve and in particular the hydraulic accumulator can be carried by a common housing and in particular be partially or completely enclosed by this. A check valve is preferably provided at the suction inlet and at the pressure outlet. The opening direction is such that hydraulic medium can correspondingly be sucked into the cylinder space via the suction inlet and can be discharged from the cylinder space via the pressure outlet.
Eine erfindungsgemäße elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe, die für einen elektrohydraulischen Antrieb der dargestellten Art verwendet werden kann, weist wenigstens einen Zylinderraum auf, der durch einen verschiebbaren Pumpenkolben begrenzt wird und durch Verschieben des Pumpenkolbens in seinem Volumen veränderbar ist, wobei der Zylinderraum einen Saugeinlass und einen Druckauslass aufweist, und ein elektrischer Antrieb der Pumpe in die Pumpe integriert ist und einen Elektromagneten umfasst, der den Pumpenkolben zu dessen Verschiebung zumindest mittelbar mit einer Magnetkraft entgegen der Kraft eines Federelementes beaufschlagt. Zum Zylinderraum gilt das zuvor Dargestellte. An electrically driven pump according to the invention, which can be used for an electrohydraulic drive of the type shown, has at least one cylinder space which is delimited by a displaceable pump piston and its volume can be changed by moving the pump piston, the cylinder space having a suction inlet and a pressure outlet and an electric drive of the pump is integrated into the pump and comprises an electromagnet which acts on the pump piston for its displacement at least indirectly with a magnetic force counter to the force of a spring element. The above applies to the cylinder space.
Bevorzugt ist dem Elektromagneten eine Steuervorrichtung zugeordnet, die eingerichtet ist, den Elektromagneten intermittierend einzuschalten, um eine reziproke Verschiebung des Pumpenkolbens zu bewirken. The electromagnet is preferably assigned a control device which is set up to switch on the electromagnet intermittently in order to effect a reciprocal displacement of the pump piston.
Besonders bevorzugt ist, wie dargelegt, am Saugeinlass und am Druckauslass jeweils ein Rückschlagventil vorgesehen. As stated, a check valve is particularly preferably provided at the suction inlet and at the pressure outlet.
Am Saugeinlass und Druckauslass kann jeweils ein Hydraulikspeicher vorgesehen sein. A hydraulic accumulator can each be provided at the suction inlet and pressure outlet.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weisen das Ventil in der Hydraulikleitung zwischen der Pumpe und dem Hydraulikzylinder und die elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe jeweils als Antrieb einen Elektromagneten, insbesondere Regelmagneten, auf, wobei die beiden Magneten zumindest im
Wesentlichen identisch ausgeführt sind. Lediglich die Ansteuerung der Magneten kann, insbesondere mittels jeweils einer angeschlossenen elektronischen Steuervorrichtung, unterschiedlich erfolgen, beispielsweise indem jeweils vorgesehene elektronische Steuervorrichtungen unterschiedlich programmiert sind. Es kommt jedoch auch eine gemeinsame Steuervorrichtung in Betracht. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve in the hydraulic line between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder and the electrically driven pump each have an electromagnet, in particular a control magnet, as a drive, the two magnets at least in Are executed essentially identically. Only the activation of the magnets can take place differently, in particular by means of a connected electronic control device in each case, for example in that the electronic control devices provided are programmed differently in each case. However, a common control device can also be considered.
Der Elektromagnet der Pumpe und/oder des Ventils kann/können redundant ausgeführt sein, um beim Ausfall eines Magneten die Funktionsfähigkeit aufrecht zu erhalten. The electromagnet of the pump and / or of the valve can be designed redundantly in order to maintain functionality in the event of a magnet failure.
Gemäß einem erfindungsgemäßen Gedanken, der auch unabhängig von der hier dargestellten Anwendung des elektrohydraulischen Aktuators für den Einsatz unter Wasser verwendet werden kann und der in allgemeiner Form nur auf eine elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe gerichtet ist, die auch für andere Zwecke als zur Verwendung mit einem elektrohydraulischen Aktuator verwendet werden kann, wobei die elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe wenigstens einen Zylinderraum aufweist, der durch einen verschiebbaren Pumpenkolben begrenzt wird und durch Verschieben des Pumpenkolbens in seinem Volumen veränderbar ist, und wobei der Zylinderraum wenigstens einen Saugeinlass und wenigstens einen Druckauslass aufweist und ein elektrischer Antrieb der Pumpe in die Pumpe integriert ist und einen Elektromagneten, insbesondere Regelmagneten, aufweist, der den Pumpenkolben zu dessen Verschiebung zumindest mittelbar mit einer Magnetkraft entgegen der Kraft eines Federelementes beaufschlagt, ist dem Elektromagneten eine Magnetkrafterfassungseinrichtung, beispielsweise umfassend einen Hall-Sensor, zugeordnet, welche die aktuell wirkende Magnetkraft des Elektromagneten erfasst, wobei ferner eine Steuervorrichtung vorgesehen ist, die aus der Magnetkraft den aktuellen Pumpendruck, das heißt den Druck in dem wenigstens einen Zylinderraum bestimmt. Ein entsprechendes Verfahren zum Antreiben einer solchen elektrisch angetriebenen Pumpe kann demnach aus der erfassten Magnetkraft den aktuellen Pumpendruck ermitteln.
Insbesondere wird aus einer gemessenen Hall-Spannung die Magnetkraft bestimmt und hieraus der während der Kolbenbewegung erzeugte Druck berechnet. Anders als bei linearen Messsystemen, bei denen Hall-Sensoren das Magnetfeld eines unterschiedlich weit entfernten Permanentmagneten erfassen, kann die Magnetkrafterfassungseinrichtung eine variierende Magnetkraft in Abhängigkeit der aktuellen Kolbenbelastung und Kolbenposition erfassen. Der Einfluss der Kolbenposition kann sich dabei herausrechnen lassen und somit eine bevorzugt direkt proportionale Messgröße des erzeugten Druckes ermittelt werden. According to an inventive idea, which can also be used independently of the application of the electrohydraulic actuator shown here for use under water and which is generally only directed to an electrically driven pump which can also be used for purposes other than use with an electrohydraulic actuator can be used, wherein the electrically driven pump has at least one cylinder space, which is limited by a displaceable pump piston and can be changed in volume by moving the pump piston, and wherein the cylinder space has at least one suction inlet and at least one pressure outlet and an electric drive of the pump is integrated in the pump and has an electromagnet, in particular a regulating magnet, which acts on the pump piston to move it at least indirectly with a magnetic force against the force of a spring element, the electromagnet is a magnetic force Detection device, for example comprising a Hall sensor, assigned, which detects the currently acting magnetic force of the electromagnet, wherein a control device is also provided which determines the current pump pressure, i.e. the pressure in the at least one cylinder chamber, from the magnetic force. A corresponding method for driving such an electrically driven pump can accordingly determine the current pump pressure from the detected magnetic force. In particular, the magnetic force is determined from a measured Hall voltage and the pressure generated during the piston movement is calculated from this. In contrast to linear measuring systems, in which Hall sensors detect the magnetic field of a permanent magnet at different distances, the magnetic force detection device can detect a varying magnetic force depending on the current piston load and piston position. The influence of the piston position can be calculated out and thus a preferably directly proportional measured variable of the pressure generated can be determined.
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und den Figuren exemplarisch beschrieben werden. The invention is to be described below by way of example with the aid of exemplary embodiments and the figures.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrisch angetriebenen Pumpe; Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of an electrically driven pump according to the invention;
Figur 2a ein Schaltschema eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines elektrohydraulischen Aktuators gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung; FIG. 2a shows a circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an electrohydraulic actuator according to the present invention;
Figur 2b ein Schaltschema eines alternativen Ausführungsbeispiels eines elektrohydraulischen Aktuators gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung; FIG. 2b shows a circuit diagram of an alternative exemplary embodiment of an electrohydraulic actuator according to the present invention;
Figur 3 eine vorteilhafte Integration verschiedener Bauteile in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse. FIG. 3 shows an advantageous integration of various components in a common housing.
In der Figur 1 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrisch angetriebenen Pumpe 1 dargestellt, die einen Zylinderraum 10 aufweist, der durch einen verschiebbaren Pumpenkolben 11 begrenzt wird. Durch Verschieben des
Pumpenkolbens 11 wird der Zylinderraum 10 in seinem Volumen verändert. Der Zylinderraum 10 weist einen Saugeinlass 12 und einen Druckauslass 13 auf, wobei im Saugeinlass 12 und im Druckauslass 13 jeweils ein Rückschlagventil 20, 21 angeordnet ist. In FIG. 1, an exemplary embodiment of an electrically driven pump 1 according to the invention is shown, which has a cylinder space 10 which is delimited by a displaceable pump piston 11. By moving the Pump piston 11, the cylinder space 10 is changed in its volume. The cylinder chamber 10 has a suction inlet 12 and a pressure outlet 13, a check valve 20, 21 being arranged in each case in the suction inlet 12 and in the pressure outlet 13.
Zum wechselseitigen Verschieben des Pumpenkolbens 11 ist ein Elektromagnet 14 vorgesehen. Beim Einschalten des Elektromagneten 14 übt dieser eine Magnetkraft auf ein Zugelement 22 aus, das zugfest oder starr am Pumpenkolben 11 angeschlossen ist. Alternativ könnte statt eines Zugelementes 22 auch ein Druckelement vorgesehen sein, das druckfest oder starr am Pumpenkolben 11 angeschlossen ist und durch den Elektromagneten 14 mit einer Druckkraft beaufschlagt wird. An electromagnet 14 is provided for alternating displacement of the pump piston 11. When the electromagnet 14 is switched on, it exerts a magnetic force on a pulling element 22 which is connected to the pump piston 11 in a tensile or rigid manner. Alternatively, instead of a tension element 22, a pressure element could also be provided, which is connected to the pump piston 11 in a pressure-tight or rigid manner and is subjected to a pressure force by the electromagnet 14.
Das Zugelement 22 ist beispielsweise ein Anker und der Elektromagnet 14 umfasst eine Spule mit oder ohne Kern, die bei Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung entsprechend den Anker verschiebt. The tension element 22 is, for example, an armature and the electromagnet 14 comprises a coil with or without a core, which moves the armature accordingly when an electrical voltage is applied.
Entgegen der Kraft des Elektromagneten 14 wirkt die Kraft eines Federelementes 15, das als Rückstellfeder vorgesehen ist. Somit kann der Elektromagnet 14 intermittierend durch eine angeschlossene Steuervorrichtung 16 betätigt werden, um die elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe 1 nach Art einer Hubkolbenpumpe zu betreiben. The force of a spring element 15, which is provided as a return spring, acts against the force of the electromagnet 14. The electromagnet 14 can thus be actuated intermittently by a connected control device 16 in order to operate the electrically driven pump 1 in the manner of a reciprocating piston pump.
In der Figur 1 ist zur Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Aspekts, der auch unabhängig von den übrigen hier dargestellten Merkmalen ausgeführt werden kann, eine Steuervorrichtung 25 schematisch dargestellt, die mit einer Magnetkrafterfassungseinrichtung 26 zusammenarbeitet, um den aktuellen Pumpendruck, das heißt den im Zylinderraum 10 mit der Pumpe 1 erzeugten Druck zu ermitteln, ohne dass hierfür ein zusätzlicher Drucksensor herangezogen werden muss. Die Steuervorrichtung 25 könnte auch mit der Steuervorrichtung 16
integriert werden beziehungsweise es könnte eine gemeinsame Steuervorrichtung für beide Funktionen vorgesehen sein. Die Magnetkrafterfassungseinrichtung 26 umfasst zum Beispiel einen Hall-Sensor und erfasst die variierende Magnetkraft, insbesondere in Abhängigkeit der aktuellen Axialbelastung des Pumpenkolbens 11 und der Axialposition des Pumpenkolbens 11. Die Axialbelastung ergibt sich aus der Kraft des Federelementes 15 und dem Druck im Zylinderraum 10. Wenn die Kraft des Federelementes 15, beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit der Position des Pumpenkolbens 11 bestimmt wird oder vorgegeben ist, so kann aus der erfassten Magnetkraft der Pumpendruck ermittelt werden. In FIG. 1, to illustrate an aspect of the invention, which can also be implemented independently of the other features shown here, a control device 25 is shown schematically, which works together with a magnetic force detection device 26 in order to measure the current pump pressure, that is to say that in the cylinder chamber 10 with the To determine the pressure generated by pump 1 without the need for an additional pressure sensor. The control device 25 could also be connected to the control device 16 can be integrated or a common control device could be provided for both functions. The magnetic force detection device 26 includes, for example, a Hall sensor and detects the varying magnetic force, in particular as a function of the current axial load on the pump piston 11 and the axial position of the pump piston 11. The axial load results from the force of the spring element 15 and the pressure in the cylinder chamber 10. If the force of the spring element 15, for example, is determined as a function of the position of the pump piston 11 or is predetermined, the pump pressure can be determined from the detected magnetic force.
In der Figur 2a ist die elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe 1 in einem Schaltschema eines elektrohydraulischen Aktuators für den Einsatz unter Wasser dargestellt. Am Saugeinlass 12 der Pumpe 1 , das heißt auf deren Saugseite 9, ist ein erster Hydraulikspeicher 17 angeschlossen, am Druckauslass 13, das heißt auf der Druckseite 8 der Pumpe 1, ist ein zweiter Hydraulikspeicher 18 angeschlossen. In the figure 2a, the electrically driven pump 1 is shown in a circuit diagram of an electrohydraulic actuator for use under water. A first hydraulic accumulator 17 is connected to the suction inlet 12 of the pump 1, that is to say on its suction side 9, and a second hydraulic accumulator 18 is connected to the pressure outlet 13, that is to say on the pressure side 8 of the pump 1.
Ferner ist ein Hydraulikzylinder 2 vorgesehen, umfassend zwei Zylinderkammern 3, 4, einen verschiebbaren, die Zylinderkammern 3, 4 begrenzenden Kolben 5 und eine aus dem Hydraulikzylinder 2 beziehungsweise dessen Zylindergehäuse wechselseitig ein- und ausfahrbare Zylinderstange 6. Durch Druckbeaufschlagung der beiden Zylinderkammern 3, 4 wird in Abhängigkeit des Druckverhältnisses über dem Kolben 5 die Zylinderstange 6 mehr oder minder aus- oder eingefahren. A hydraulic cylinder 2 is also provided, comprising two cylinder chambers 3, 4, a displaceable piston 5 delimiting the cylinder chambers 3, 4 and a cylinder rod 6 that can be reciprocally retracted and extended from the hydraulic cylinder 2 or its cylinder housing the cylinder rod 6 is more or less extended or retracted depending on the pressure ratio across the piston 5.
Die Druckseite 8 der Pumpe 1 und die Saugseite 9 der Pumpe 1 sind mit einem Ventil 7, das als 4/3-Wegeschieberventil ausgeführt ist, wechselseitig mit den beiden Zylinderkammern 3, 4 verbindbar. In einer ersten Schaltstellung des Ventils 7 ist die Druckseite 8 mit der ersten Zylinderkammer 3 verbunden und die Saugseite 9 ist mit der zweiten Zylinderkammer 4 verbunden. In einer zweiten Schaltstellung sind diese Verbindungen umgedreht. In einer dritten Schaltstellung sind die Verbindungen unterbrochen.
Das Ventil 7 weist ebenfalls einen Elektromagneten 23 auf, um dieses zu betätigen. Auch hier kann der Elektromagnet 23 entgegen der Kraft eines entsprechenden Federelementes 24 arbeiten, das als Rückstellelement vorgesehen ist. The pressure side 8 of the pump 1 and the suction side 9 of the pump 1 can be alternately connected to the two cylinder chambers 3, 4 by means of a valve 7, which is designed as a 4/3 directional spool valve. In a first switching position of the valve 7, the pressure side 8 is connected to the first cylinder chamber 3 and the suction side 9 is connected to the second cylinder chamber 4. In a second switch position, these connections are reversed. In a third switch position, the connections are interrupted. The valve 7 also has an electromagnet 23 in order to actuate it. Here, too, the electromagnet 23 can work against the force of a corresponding spring element 24, which is provided as a restoring element.
Die Zylinderstange 6 kann nun an einem Unterwasserventil oder dergleichen angeschlossen werden, um dieses als Aktuator zu betätigen. The cylinder rod 6 can now be connected to an underwater valve or the like in order to operate it as an actuator.
In der Figur 2b ist eine alternative Ausgestaltung ähnlich zu jener der Figur 2a gezeigt. Die sich entsprechenden Bauteile sind mit sich entsprechenden Bezugszeichen bezeichnet. Abweichend von der Ausführungsform gemäß der Figur 2a ist ein einfachwirkender Hydraulikzylinder 2 vorgesehen, der nur eine Zylinderkammer 3 aufweist, die über ein Ventil 7, das als 3/3-Wegeschieberventil ausgeführt ist, wechselseitig mit der Druckseite 8 und der Saugseite 9 der Pumpe 1 verbunden werden kann. Durch Ablassen oder Absaugen des Druckes aus der Zylinderkammer 3 wird die Zylinderstange 6 ausgefahren und durch Aufbau eines entsprechenden Druckes in der Zylinderkammer 3 wird die Zylinderstange 6 eingefahren. Auf der von der Zylinderkammer 3 abgewandten Seite des Kolbens 5 ist ein Federelement 27, hier in Form einer Druckfeder, vorgesehen, das entgegen dem Druck in der Zylinderkammer 3 wirkt und somit den Kolben 5 im Sinne eines Ausfahrens mit einer Druckkraft beaufschlagt. An alternative embodiment similar to that of FIG. 2a is shown in FIG. 2b. The corresponding components are denoted by corresponding reference numerals. Deviating from the embodiment according to FIG. 2a, a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 2 is provided, which has only one cylinder chamber 3, which alternates with the pressure side 8 and the suction side 9 of the pump 1 via a valve 7, which is designed as a 3/3-way spool valve can be connected. By releasing or sucking off the pressure from the cylinder chamber 3, the cylinder rod 6 is extended and by building up a corresponding pressure in the cylinder chamber 3, the cylinder rod 6 is retracted. On the side of the piston 5 facing away from the cylinder chamber 3, a spring element 27 is provided, here in the form of a compression spring, which acts against the pressure in the cylinder chamber 3 and thus applies a compressive force to the piston 5 in the sense of an extension.
Im Übrigen wird bezüglich der weiteren Funktionen auf die Beschreibung der Figur 2a verwiesen. For the rest, reference is made to the description of FIG. 2a with regard to the further functions.
In der Figur 3 ist ein Gehäuse 19 dargestellt, in dem die beiden Elektromagneten 14, 23 und alle hydraulischen Verbindungen integriert sind. Auch die Hydraulikspeicher 17, 18 können innerhalb des Gehäuses 19 vorgesehen sein oder von diesem getragen werden. Bevorzugt sind die gesamte Pumpe 1 und das Ventil 7 teilweise oder vollständig in das Gehäuse 19 integriert.
Somit muss am Gehäuse 19 nur noch wenigstens eine, insbesondere elektrische, Signalleitung angeschlossen werden, um die Elektromagneten 14, 23 zu betätigen, um dadurch die volle Funktionalität des elektrohydraulischen Aktuators zu bewirken. In the figure 3 a housing 19 is shown in which the two electromagnets 14, 23 and all hydraulic connections are integrated. The hydraulic accumulators 17, 18 can also be provided within the housing 19 or carried by it. The entire pump 1 and the valve 7 are preferably partially or completely integrated into the housing 19. Thus, only at least one, in particular electrical, signal line has to be connected to the housing 19 in order to actuate the electromagnets 14, 23 in order to thereby bring about the full functionality of the electrohydraulic actuator.
Die Elektromagneten 14, 23 können zum Beispiel baugleich ausgeführt sein und müssen nur entsprechend ihrer Funktion verschieden zueinander angesteuert werden. The electromagnets 14, 23 can, for example, be of identical construction and only need to be controlled differently from one another according to their function.
Die Elektromagneten 14, 23 können auch redundant ausgeführt sein, um einen Weiterbetrieb des Aktuators zu ermöglichen, falls einer der Elektromagneten 14,The electromagnets 14, 23 can also be designed redundantly in order to enable continued operation of the actuator if one of the electromagnets 14,
23 ausfällt. 23 fails.
Wie dargelegt, kann eine Steuervorrichtung 16 oder 26 des Elektromagneten 14 der Pumpe 1 entweder über eine Signalleitung den von einem Drucksensor übermittelten hydraulischen Druck verwerten, um den Antrieb der Pumpe 1 zu steuern, beispielsweise um einen vorgegebenen Druck im Flydraulikspeicher 18 aufrechtzuerhalten. Als besondere Ausführungsform kann der hydraulische Druck im Hydraulikspeicher 18 auch indirekt und ohne einen zusätzlichen Drucksensor erfasst werden, wenn entsprechend eine Magnetkrafterfassungseinrichtung 26, beispielsweise mit einem Hall-Sensor, vorgesehen ist. Zur Betätigung beziehungsweise Einstellung eines Proportionalventils mit dem elektrohydraulischen Aktuator kann ein geschlossener Regelkreis vorgesehen sein, zum Beispiel durch eine Positionsmessung des Ventilstellers (beispielsweise der Zylinderstange 6) oder diese ist durch Messung des gewünschten Ventildrucks am Ventil möglich. Ein einfaches Auf-Zu-Ventil kann direkt angesteuert werden.
Bezugszeichen As stated, a control device 16 or 26 of the electromagnet 14 of the pump 1 can either utilize the hydraulic pressure transmitted by a pressure sensor via a signal line in order to control the drive of the pump 1, for example to maintain a predetermined pressure in the fly hydraulic accumulator 18. As a special embodiment, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic accumulator 18 can also be detected indirectly and without an additional pressure sensor if a magnetic force detection device 26, for example with a Hall sensor, is provided accordingly. A closed control loop can be provided for actuating or setting a proportional valve with the electrohydraulic actuator, for example by measuring the position of the valve actuator (for example the cylinder rod 6) or this is possible by measuring the desired valve pressure on the valve. A simple on-off valve can be controlled directly. Reference number
1 Pumpe 1 pump
2 Hydraulikzylinder 2 hydraulic cylinders
3 Zylinderkammer 3 cylinder chamber
4 Zylinderkammer 4 cylinder chambers
5 Kolben 5 pistons
6 Zylinderstange 6 cylinder rod
7 Ventil 7 valve
8 Druckseite 8 print side
9 Saugseite 9 suction side
10 Zylinderraum 11 Pumpenkolben 12 Saugeinlass 10 cylinder chamber 11 pump piston 12 suction inlet
13 Druckauslass 13 Pressure outlet
14 Elektromagnet 14 electromagnet
15 Federelement 15 spring element
16 Steuervorrichtung 16 control device
17 Hydraulikspeicher 17 hydraulic accumulators
18 Hydraulikspeicher 18 hydraulic accumulators
19 Gehäuse 19 housing
20 Rückschlagventil 21 Rückschlagventil 22 Zugelement 20 check valve 21 check valve 22 tension element
23 Elektromagnet 23 electromagnet
24 Federelement 24 spring element
25 Steuervorrichtung 25 control device
26 Magnetkrafterfassungseinrichtung 27 Federelement
26 magnetic force detection device 27 spring element
Claims
1. Elektrohydraulischer Aktuator für den Einsatz unter Wasser mit einer elektrisch angetriebenen Pumpe (1), mit wenigstens einem Hydraulikzylinder (2), umfassend wenigstens eine oder zwei Zylinderkammern (3, 4), einen verschiebbaren, die Zylinderkammer(n) (3, 4) begrenzenden Kolben (5), der an wenigstens einer wechselseitig ein- und ausfahrbaren Zylinderstange (6) angeschlossen ist; mit einem Ventil (7) in einer Hydraulikverbindung zwischen der Pumpe (1) und dem Hydraulikzylinder (2); dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe (1) einen Zylinderraum (10) aufweist, der durch einen verschiebbaren Pumpenkolben (11 ) begrenzt wird und durch Verschieben des Pumpenkolbens (11) in seinem Volumen veränderbar ist, wobei der Zylinderraum (10) einen Saugeinlass (12) und einen Druckauslass (13) aufweist, und ein elektrischer Antrieb der Pumpe (1) in die Pumpe (1) integriert ist und einen Elektromagneten (14) aufweist, der den Pumpenkolben (11) zu dessen Verschiebung zumindest mittelbar mit einer Magnetkraft entgegen der Kraft eines Federelementes (15) beaufschlagt, wobei dem Elektromagneten (14) eine Steuervorrichtung (16) zugeordnet ist, die eingerichtet ist, den Elektromagneten (14) intermittierend einzuschalten, um eine reziproke Verschiebung des Pumpenkolbens (11) zu bewirken. 1. Electro-hydraulic actuator for use under water with an electrically driven pump (1), with at least one hydraulic cylinder (2), comprising at least one or two cylinder chambers (3, 4), one displaceable, the cylinder chamber (s) (3, 4 ) limiting piston (5) which is connected to at least one cylinder rod (6) which can be reciprocally retracted and extended; with a valve (7) in a hydraulic connection between the pump (1) and the hydraulic cylinder (2); characterized in that the electrically driven pump (1) has a cylinder chamber (10) which is delimited by a displaceable pump piston (11) and can be changed in volume by moving the pump piston (11), the cylinder chamber (10) having a suction inlet (12) and a pressure outlet (13), and an electric drive of the pump (1) is integrated into the pump (1) and has an electromagnet (14) which at least indirectly moves the pump piston (11) with a magnetic force acted against the force of a spring element (15), the electromagnet (14) being assigned a control device (16) which is set up to switch on the electromagnet (14) intermittently in order to effect a reciprocal displacement of the pump piston (11).
2. Elektrohydraulischer Aktuator gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ventil (7) wenigstens zwei Schaltstellungen aufweist, umfassend eine erste Schaltstellung, in welcher eine erste der beiden Zylinderkammern
(3, 4) mit der Druckseite (8) der Pumpe (1) verbunden ist und eine zweite der beiden Zylinderkammern (3, 4) mit einer Saugseite (9) der Pumpe (1) verbunden ist, und eine zweite Schaltstellung, in welcher die erste Zylinderkammer (3) mit der Saugseite (9) der Pumpe (1) und die zweite Zylinderkammer (4) mit der Druckseite (8) der Pumpe (1) verbunden ist. 2. Electro-hydraulic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve (7) has at least two switching positions, comprising a first switching position in which a first of the two cylinder chambers (3, 4) is connected to the pressure side (8) of the pump (1) and a second of the two cylinder chambers (3, 4) is connected to a suction side (9) of the pump (1), and a second switching position in which the first cylinder chamber (3) is connected to the suction side (9) of the pump (1) and the second cylinder chamber (4) is connected to the pressure side (8) of the pump (1).
3. Elektrohydraulischer Aktuator gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ventil (7) eine dritte Schaltstellung aufweist, in welcher die Verbindungen zwischen der Druckseite (8) der Pumpe (1) und den Zylinderkammern (3, 4) und zwischen der Saugseite (9) der Pumpe (1) und den Zylinderkammern (3, 4) abgesperrt ist. 3. Electro-hydraulic actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the valve (7) has a third switching position in which the connections between the pressure side (8) of the pump (1) and the cylinder chambers (3, 4) and between the suction side ( 9) the pump (1) and the cylinder chambers (3, 4) is shut off.
4. Elektrohydraulischer Aktuator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ventil (7) als Wegeschieberventil, insbesondere als 4/3-Wegeschieberventil, ausgeführt ist. 4. Electro-hydraulic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the valve (7) is designed as a directional spool valve, in particular as a 4/3 directional spool valve.
5. Elektrohydraulischer Aktuator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Saugeinlass (12) und der Druckauslass (13) der Pumpe (1 ) jeweils mit einem Hydraulikspeicher (17, 18) verbunden sind. 5. Electro-hydraulic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the suction inlet (12) and the pressure outlet (13) of the pump (1) are each connected to a hydraulic accumulator (17, 18).
6. Elektrohydraulischer Aktuator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pumpe (1), das Ventil (7) und insbesondere die Hydraulikspeicher (17, 18) von einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse (19) getragen und insbesondere umschlossen werden, wobei insbesondere alle hydraulischen Verbindungen innerhalb des Gehäuses (19) angeordnet sind. 6. Electro-hydraulic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pump (1), the valve (7) and in particular the hydraulic accumulator (17, 18) are carried and in particular enclosed by a common housing (19), wherein in particular all hydraulic connections are arranged within the housing (19).
7. Elektrohydraulischer Aktuator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Saugeinlass (12) und am Druckauslass (13) jeweils ein Rückschlagventil (20, 21) vorgesehen ist.
7. Electrohydraulic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a check valve (20, 21) is provided in each case on the suction inlet (12) and on the pressure outlet (13).
8. Elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe (1 ) für einen elektrohydraulischen Aktuator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch einen Zylinderraum (10), der durch einen verschiebbaren Pumpenkolben (11 ) begrenzt wird und durch Verschieben des Pumpenkolbens (11 ) in seinem Volumen veränderbar ist, wobei der Zylinderraum (10) einen Saugeinlass (12) und einen Druckauslass (13) aufweist, und ein elektrischer Antrieb der Pumpe (1) in die Pumpe (1) integriert ist und einen Elektromagneten (14) aufweist, der den Pumpenkolben (11) zu dessen Verschiebung zumindest mittelbar mit einer Magnetkraft entgegen der Kraft eines Federelementes (15) beaufschlagt. 8. Electrically driven pump (1) for an electrohydraulic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by a cylinder space (10) which is delimited by a displaceable pump piston (11) and can be changed in volume by moving the pump piston (11) is, wherein the cylinder chamber (10) has a suction inlet (12) and a pressure outlet (13), and an electric drive of the pump (1) is integrated into the pump (1) and has an electromagnet (14) that drives the pump piston ( 11) is applied at least indirectly to its displacement with a magnetic force counter to the force of a spring element (15).
9. Elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe (1 ) gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Elektromagneten (14) eine Steuervorrichtung (16) zugeordnet ist, die eingerichtet ist, den Elektromagneten (14) intermittierend einzuschalten, um eine reziproke Verschiebung des Pumpenkolbens (11 ) zu bewirken. 9. Electrically driven pump (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the electromagnet (14) is assigned a control device (16) which is set up to switch on the electromagnet (14) intermittently in order to reciprocate the displacement of the pump piston (11) to effect.
10. Elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe (1 ) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Saugeinlass (12) und der Druckauslass (13) der Pumpe (1) jeweils mit einem Hydraulikspeicher (17, 18) verbunden sind. 10. Electrically driven pump (1) according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the suction inlet (12) and the pressure outlet (13) of the pump (1) are each connected to a hydraulic accumulator (17, 18).
11. Elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe (1 ) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Saugeinlass (12) und am Druckauslass (13) jeweils ein Rückschlagventil (20, 21) vorgesehen ist. 11. Electrically driven pump (1) according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a check valve (20, 21) is provided on the suction inlet (12) and on the pressure outlet (13).
12. Elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe (1 ) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Elektromagneten (14) eine Steuervorrichtung (25) und eine Magnetkrafterfassungseinrichtung (26) zugeordnet ist, die eingerichtet sind, eine aktuelle Magnetkraft des
Elektromagneten (14) zu erfassen und hieraus einen aktuellen im Zylinderraum (10) herrschenden Druck zu bestimmen. 12. Electrically driven pump (1) according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the electromagnet (14) is assigned a control device (25) and a magnetic force detection device (26) which are set up to generate a current magnetic force of the Detect electromagnets (14) and from this to determine a current pressure prevailing in the cylinder space (10).
13. Elektrisch angetriebene Pumpe (1) gemäß Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Magnetkrafterfassungseinrichtung (26) einen13. Electrically driven pump (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the magnetic force detection device (26) has a
Hall-Sensor umfasst, der die aktuelle Magnetkraft erfasst.
Includes Hall sensor that detects the current magnetic force.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102019131171.3 | 2019-11-19 | ||
DE102019131171.3A DE102019131171A1 (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2019-11-19 | Electro-hydraulic actuator for use under water and electrically driven pump for such an electro-hydraulic actuator |
Publications (1)
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WO2021099025A1 true WO2021099025A1 (en) | 2021-05-27 |
Family
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PCT/EP2020/078242 WO2021099025A1 (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2020-10-08 | Electrohydraulic actuator for use under water, and electrically driven pump for such an electrohydraulic actuator |
Country Status (2)
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WO (1) | WO2021099025A1 (en) |
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WO2018192747A1 (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrohydraulic system for use under water, comprising an electrohydraulic actuator |
WO2018192783A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2018-10-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrohydraulic system for use under water, comprising an electrohydraulic actuator |
WO2019072715A1 (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrohydraulic system with a hydraulic spindle and at least one closed hydraulic circuit |
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