WO2021098535A1 - 通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021098535A1
WO2021098535A1 PCT/CN2020/127224 CN2020127224W WO2021098535A1 WO 2021098535 A1 WO2021098535 A1 WO 2021098535A1 CN 2020127224 W CN2020127224 W CN 2020127224W WO 2021098535 A1 WO2021098535 A1 WO 2021098535A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
qos requirement
communication
terminal
information
layer
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/127224
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邢玮俊
吴问付
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20890905.1A priority Critical patent/EP4040846A4/en
Publication of WO2021098535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021098535A1/zh
Priority to US17/748,231 priority patent/US12108288B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0226—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on location or mobility
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • the first terminal and the second terminal in the multicast group complete the multicast communication according to the maximum allowed communication distance (range). Specifically, the first terminal needs to send the location information of the first terminal and the quality of service (QoS) requirement parameters to each second terminal on the control channel, and send each second terminal on the data channel corresponding to the control channel.
  • the second terminal sends a multicast service data packet.
  • the second terminal may determine whether the distance value between the second terminal and the first terminal is less than the maximum communication distance according to the location information of the second terminal. If yes, the second terminal sends feedback information to the first terminal after receiving the multicast service data packet. The first terminal adjusts the QoS requirement parameter according to the feedback information.
  • the second terminal will not send any feedback information to the first terminal. That is to say, in this scenario, the first terminal cannot know the multicast communication status between it and the receiving terminal beyond the maximum communication distance, and of course it cannot adjust the QoS requirement parameters accordingly to ensure the reliability of multicast communication. Therefore, the quality of multicast communication is poor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, which can solve the problem that the multicast communication state between terminals whose actual distance is greater than the maximum communication distance in the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group cannot be obtained, and thus the multicast communication status cannot be adjusted.
  • the problem of communication QoS requirement parameters can improve the reliability of multicast communication.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the communication method is applied to a multicast group, and the multicast group includes a first terminal and a second terminal.
  • the communication method includes: a first terminal receives first quality of service QoS status information of multicast communication; wherein the first QoS status information includes first distance indication information.
  • the first terminal determines that the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information.
  • the first terminal sends second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication; where the second QoS requirement information includes a second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first terminal can learn that the distance between it and the second terminal is greater than the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group according to the first distance indication information provided by the second terminal According to this, the maximum communication distance in the QoS requirement information of multicast communication in the multicast group is adjusted from the first communication distance threshold to the second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • a communication distance threshold so that the first terminal can update the QoS requirement parameters of multicast communication according to the adjusted second communication distance threshold, so as to realize the adaptive adjustment of the QoS requirements of multicast communication, and achieve the purpose of adjusting the quality of multicast communication It can solve the problem that the QoS requirements of multicast communication cannot be adjusted due to the inability to obtain the multicast communication state between the terminals whose actual distance is greater than the maximum communication distance in the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group. Improve the reliability of multicast communication.
  • the first distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an ultra-distance indication, location information of the second terminal, and a distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first QoS requirement information may also include the first QoS requirement parameter; the first QoS status information may also include the unmet QoS requirement parameter in the first QoS requirement parameter; and the second QoS requirement information It may include a second QoS requirement parameter, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the corresponding QoS requirement of the second PC5 port PQI is lower than that of the first PC5 QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the first PC5 port stream bit rate.
  • the first terminal includes a first application layer, a first V2X layer, and a first access layer.
  • the first terminal receiving the first quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication may include: the first application layer receives the first QoS status information from the application server. Or, optionally, the first application layer receives the first QoS state information from the second terminal via the first V2X layer and the first access layer.
  • the first terminal includes a first application layer, a first V2X layer, and a first access layer.
  • the first terminal sending the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication may include one or more of the following: the first application layer sends the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the first access layer via the first V2X layer. QoS requirement information; the first application layer sends the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the second terminal via the first V2X layer and the first access layer.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the communication method is applied to a multicast group, and the multicast group includes a first terminal and a second terminal.
  • the communication method includes: a second terminal sends first quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication; wherein the first QoS status information includes first distance indication information, and the first distance indication information is used to determine the first terminal and the second terminal The value of the distance between is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information.
  • the second terminal receives the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication; where the second QoS requirement information includes a second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an ultra-distance indication, location information of the second terminal, and a distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first QoS requirement information may also include the first QoS requirement parameter; the first QoS status information may also include the unmet QoS requirement parameter in the first QoS requirement parameter; and the second QoS requirement information It may include a second QoS requirement parameter, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the corresponding QoS requirement of the second PC5 port PQI is lower than that of the first PC5 QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the first PC5 port stream bit rate.
  • the second terminal includes a second application layer, a second V2X layer, and a second access layer.
  • sending the first quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication by the second terminal may include: the second application layer sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the application server.
  • the second application layer sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer.
  • the second terminal includes a second application layer, a second V2X layer, and a second access layer.
  • the second terminal receiving the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication may include: the second application layer receives the second QoS requirement information from the second terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer .
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the communication method is applied to a third terminal in a multicast group, the third terminal includes a third application layer, a third V2X layer, and a third access layer, and the multicast group further includes a fourth terminal.
  • the communication method includes: the third V2X layer receives at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group from the third application layer.
  • the third V2X layer sends third QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the third access layer according to at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information; wherein, the third QoS requirement information includes a third communication distance threshold.
  • the third V2X layer receives the second quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication from the third access layer; wherein the second QoS status information includes second distance indication information, and the second distance indication information is used to determine whether the third terminal is connected to the The distance value between the fourth terminals is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the third V2X layer sends the fourth QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the third access layer; wherein the fourth QoS requirement information belongs to at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information; the fourth QoS requirement information includes the fourth communication distance threshold, the first Fourth, the communication distance threshold is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • any terminal in the multicast group such as the V2X layer of the third terminal, can learn from the second distance indication information provided by its access layer to the fourth terminal in the multicast group.
  • the distance between the terminals is greater than the third communication distance threshold in the QoS requirement information of multicast communication in the multicast group, and at least two groups of candidates in the QoS requirement information of multicast communication in the application layer multicast group are determined accordingly.
  • One group of QoS requirement information is selected as the fourth QoS requirement information and sent to its access layer, so that the third terminal can implement multicast communication with the fourth terminal in the multicast group according to the fourth QoS requirement information;
  • the QoS requirement information includes the fourth communication distance, and the fourth communication distance is greater than the third communication distance, so that the first terminal can update the QoS requirement parameters of the multicast communication according to the adjusted second communication distance threshold, thereby realizing the QoS of the multicast communication
  • the adaptive adjustment of requirements can achieve the purpose of adjusting the quality of multicast communication and improve the reliability of multicast communication.
  • the second distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an ultra-distance indication, location information of the fourth terminal, and a distance value between the third terminal and the fourth terminal.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the third terminal and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the third QoS requirement information may also include a third QoS requirement parameter; the second QoS status information may also include an unmet QoS requirement parameter in the third QoS requirement parameter; and the fourth QoS requirement information It may include a fourth QoS requirement parameter, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the fourth QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the third QoS requirement parameter.
  • the third QoS requirement parameter may include the third PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the fourth QoS requirement parameter may include the fourth PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI.
  • the fourth PC5 port PQI corresponds to a lower QoS requirement than the third PC5. QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the third QoS requirement parameter may include the third PC5 port stream bit rate; the fourth QoS requirement parameter may include the fourth PC5 port stream bit rate, and the fourth PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the third PC5 port stream bit rate. .
  • the communication method described in the third aspect may further include: the third V2X layer receives a selection indication from the third application layer; wherein the selection indication is used to instruct the third V2X layer to select from at least two groups A group of QoS requirement information is selected from the candidate QoS requirement information.
  • a communication device belongs to a multicast group, and the multicast group further includes a second terminal.
  • the communication device includes: a processing module and a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is configured to receive first quality of service QoS status information of multicast communication; wherein, the first QoS status information includes first distance indication information.
  • the processing module is configured to determine, according to the first distance indication information, that the distance value between the communication device and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information.
  • the transceiver module is also used to send second QoS requirement information of multicast communication; wherein the second QoS requirement information includes a second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an over-distance indication, location information of the second terminal, and a distance value between the communication device and the second terminal.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the communication device and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first QoS requirement information may also include the first QoS requirement parameter; the first QoS status information may also include the unmet QoS requirement parameter in the first QoS requirement parameter; the second QoS requirement information may The second QoS requirement parameter is included, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the corresponding QoS requirement of the second PC5 port PQI is lower than that of the first PC5 QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the first PC5 port stream bit rate.
  • the communication device described in the fourth aspect includes a first application layer, a first V2X layer, and a first access layer.
  • the first application layer is used to receive the first QoS status information from the application server.
  • the first application layer is also used to receive the first QoS status information from the second terminal via the first V2X layer and the first access layer.
  • the fourth aspect includes the first application layer, the first V2X layer, and the first access layer.
  • the first application layer is used to send the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the first access layer via the first V2X layer.
  • the first application layer is also used to send the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the second terminal via the first V2X layer and the first access layer.
  • the communication device of the fourth aspect may further include a storage module that stores programs or instructions.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device described in the fourth aspect can execute the communication method described in the first aspect.
  • the communication device described in the fourth aspect may be a terminal device, or a chip or a chip system provided in the terminal device, which is not limited in this application.
  • a communication device belongs to a multicast group, and the multicast group further includes a first terminal.
  • the communication device includes: a processing module and a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is configured to send first quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication; wherein, the first QoS status information includes first distance indication information.
  • the processing module is configured to determine, according to the first distance indication information, that the distance value between the first terminal and the communication device is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to receive second QoS requirement information of multicast communication; wherein the second QoS requirement information includes a second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an ultra-distance indication, location information of the communication device, and a distance value between the first terminal and the communication device.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the first terminal and the communication device is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first QoS requirement information may also include the first QoS requirement parameter; the first QoS status information may also include the unmet QoS requirement parameter in the first QoS requirement parameter; the second QoS requirement information may The second QoS requirement parameter is included, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the corresponding QoS requirement of the second PC5 port PQI is lower than that of the first PC5 QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the first PC5 port stream bit rate.
  • the communication device described in the fifth aspect includes a second application layer, a second V2X layer, and a second access layer.
  • the second application layer is used to send the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the application server.
  • the second application layer is also used to send the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer.
  • the communication device described in the fifth aspect includes a second application layer, a second V2X layer, and a second access layer.
  • the second application layer is also used to receive the second QoS requirement information from the first terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer.
  • the communication device of the fifth aspect may further include a storage module that stores programs or instructions.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device described in the fifth aspect can execute the communication method described in the second aspect.
  • the communication device described in the fifth aspect may be a terminal device, or a chip or a chip system provided in the terminal device, which is not limited in this application.
  • a communication device is provided.
  • the communication device is a third terminal in the multicast group, the communication device includes: a third application layer, a third V2X layer, and a third access layer, and the multicast group further includes a fourth terminal.
  • the third V2X layer is used to receive at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group from the third application layer.
  • the third V2X layer is further configured to send third QoS requirement information of multicast communication to the third access layer according to at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information; wherein, the third QoS requirement information includes a third communication distance threshold.
  • the third V2X layer is also used to receive the second quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication from the third access layer; wherein the second QoS status information includes second distance indication information, and the second distance indication information is used to determine The distance value between the communication device described in the sixth aspect and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the third V2X layer is also used to send fourth QoS requirement information of multicast communication to the third access layer; wherein the fourth QoS requirement information belongs to at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information; the fourth QoS requirement information includes the fourth communication The distance threshold, the fourth communication distance threshold is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the second distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an over-distance indication, location information of the fourth terminal, and a distance value between the communication device and the fourth terminal.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the communication device and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the third QoS requirement information may also include a third QoS requirement parameter;
  • the second QoS status information may also include an unmet QoS requirement parameter in the third QoS requirement parameter;
  • the fourth QoS requirement information may The fourth QoS requirement parameter is included, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the fourth QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the third QoS requirement parameter.
  • the third QoS requirement parameter may include the third PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the fourth QoS requirement parameter may include the fourth PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI.
  • the fourth PC5 port PQI corresponds to a lower QoS requirement than the third PC5. QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the third QoS requirement parameter may include the third PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the fourth QoS requirement parameter may include the fourth PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the fourth PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the third PC5 port stream bit rate.
  • the third V2X layer is also used to receive a selection indication from the third application layer; wherein the selection indication is used to instruct the third V2X layer to select one group from at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information QoS requirement information.
  • the communication device of the sixth aspect may further include a storage module, and the storage module stores a program or instruction.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device described in the sixth aspect can execute the communication method described in the third aspect.
  • the communication device described in the sixth aspect may be a terminal device, or a chip or a chip system provided in the terminal device, which is not limited in this application.
  • a communication device configured to execute the communication method described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • a communication device in an eighth aspect, includes: a processor coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes any one of the first aspect to the third aspect Possible implementation methods described in the communication method.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a transceiver.
  • the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit or an input/output port.
  • the transceiver can be used for the communication device to communicate with other communication devices.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may be a terminal device and/or a network device, or a chip or a chip system provided in the terminal device and/or the network device.
  • a chip system in a ninth aspect, includes a processor and an input/output port.
  • the processor is configured to implement the communication method described in any one of the first to third aspects.
  • the processing function involved, the input/output port is used to implement the transceiver function involved in the communication method described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store program instructions and data for implementing the functions involved in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a communication system in a tenth aspect, includes multiple terminal devices and one or more network devices.
  • a computer-readable storage medium including: computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium; when the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the first to third aspects. Any one of the possible implementations of the communication method.
  • a computer program product containing instructions including a computer program or instruction, when the computer program or instruction runs on a computer, the computer can execute any one of the first to third aspects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram 1 of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a first structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a first schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a third schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a third structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as car networking communication systems, V2X communication systems, inter-device (device-todevie, D2D) communication systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, and global interconnections.
  • the worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, such as the new radio (NR) system, and the future communication system, such as the sixth generation ( 6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, etc.
  • a subscript such as W1 may be typographically erroneous as a non-subscript form such as W1.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system to which the communication method provided in an embodiment of the application is applicable.
  • the communication system may be a multicast group, and the multicast group includes multiple terminals, such as a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal.
  • the first terminal is configured to perform the following steps: receive the first quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication from the second terminal, and send it to the second terminal.
  • the terminal sends the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication.
  • the second terminal is configured to perform the following steps: send the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first terminal, and receive the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the first terminal.
  • the first QoS status information includes first distance indication information, and the first distance indication information is used to determine that the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information;
  • the QoS requirement information includes a second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • any of the foregoing terminals may generally include an application layer, a V2X layer, and an access layer. Therefore, in another possible design, according to the acquired QoS status information, any terminal knows that the distance between the terminal and other terminals is greater than the value in the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the previous multicast group.
  • the V2X layer of any of the above-mentioned terminals can also select a group of QoS requirement information from multiple groups of candidate QoS requirement information in the QoS requirement information of multicast communication in its application layer multicast group, and send it to the The access layer of the terminal; wherein the communication distance threshold included in the QoS requirement information issued later is greater than the communication distance threshold issued before, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the QoS requirement parameters.
  • the third terminal shown in Figure 1 as an example.
  • the third terminal includes a third application layer, a third V2X layer, and a third access layer.
  • the third V2X layer is used to perform the following steps: receiving a group from the third application layer At least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information for multicast communication within the broadcast group, and according to the at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information, send third QoS requirement information of multicast communication to the third access layer; wherein, the third QoS requirement information includes The third communication distance threshold.
  • the second quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication from the third access layer is received, and the fourth QoS requirement information of the multicast communication is sent to the third access layer; wherein, the second QoS status information includes the second Distance indication information, the second distance indication information is used to determine that the distance between the third terminal and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold, and the fourth QoS requirement information belongs to at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information; fourth QoS requirement information The fourth communication distance threshold is included, and the fourth communication distance threshold is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • FIG. 1 is only a simplified schematic diagram of an example for ease of understanding, and the communication system may also include network devices and/or other terminal devices, which are not shown in FIG. 1.
  • the above-mentioned network device may include a device located on the network side of the above-mentioned communication system and having a wireless transceiving function, or a chip or chip system that can be installed in the device, and a core network device, such as a network element in a fifth-generation core network.
  • the network equipment includes but is not limited to: access points (AP) in wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, such as home gateways, routers, servers, switches, bridges, etc., evolved node B (evolved) Node B, eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home Base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP) It can also be 5G, such as the gNB in the new radio (NR) system, or the transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group (including multiple antenna panels) antennas of the base station in the 5G system
  • the panel or, can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distributed unit
  • the above-mentioned terminal equipment is a terminal that is connected to the above-mentioned communication system and has a wireless transceiver function, or a chip or chip system that can be installed in the terminal.
  • the terminal device may also be called a user device, an access terminal, a user unit, a user station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, and an augmented reality (AR) terminal Equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation safety ( Wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, vehicle-mounted terminals, RSUs with terminal functions, etc.
  • the terminal device of the present application may also be a vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted component, vehicle-mounted chip, or vehicle-mounted unit built into a vehicle as one or more components or units. The vehicle passes through the built-in vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted module, The on-board component, on-board chip, or on-board unit can implement the communication method provided in this application.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be used for multicast communication between any two terminals shown in FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 2 is an example of a communication system that combines the communication system shown in Fig. 1 with a 5G core network.
  • the communication system may include multiple user equipment (UE), access network, core network, data network (DN), and so on.
  • the core network may include access and mobility management function (AMF) network elements, policy control function (PCF) network elements, unified data management (unified data management, UDM) network elements , UDR, session management function (SMF) network element, (user plane function, UPF) network element, network exposure function (NEF), application function (application function, AF) network element, etc.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • PCF policy control function
  • UDM unified data management
  • UDR session management function
  • SMF session management function
  • NEF network exposure function
  • application function application function, AF
  • the UE may be called a terminal, and the terminal may support V2X communication or other services.
  • the user equipment supports receiving or sending V2X messages.
  • the terminal can also be called a V2X terminal.
  • V2X messages may include, but are not limited to, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) messages, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) messages, vehicle-to-network (V2N) messages, and vehicle-to-road infrastructure (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I) information, anti-collision messages between cars, entertainment application messages, navigation messages for interaction between cars, etc.
  • the terminal shown in FIG. 2 may include, but is not limited to, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a mobile phone, a tablet computer or a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a smart gas station, a smart signal lamp, and so on.
  • the access network may include one or more access network devices.
  • Access network equipment is responsible for radio resource management, uplink and downlink data classification and quality of service (QoS) applications, as well as signaling processing with control plane network elements, and data forwarding with UPF network elements.
  • the access network device may be a base station, a broadband network service gateway (BNG), an aggregation switch, a non-3GPP access device, and so on.
  • the base station may include various forms of base stations, such as: macro base stations, micro base stations (also referred to as small stations), relay stations, access points, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the equipment that the terminal accesses to the core network is collectively referred to as the access network equipment in the text, and will not be described again.
  • the access network equipment may be the evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) equipment in the 4G network, and the next generation radio access network in the 5G network. , NG-RAN) equipment, etc.
  • AMF network element its main functions include the termination point of the control plane of the wireless access network, the termination point of non-access signaling, mobility management, lawful monitoring, access authorization ⁇ authentication and so on.
  • UPF network element is used for routing and forwarding of packet data packets, QoS control of user plane data, and accounting information statistics.
  • SMF network elements are used for session management, terminal Internet protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection of end points that can manage user plane functions, policy control and charging function interfaces, and downlink data notifications.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • PCF network elements used to manage network behaviors, provide user policies, access and mobility (AM) management policies, and session management (SM) policies to terminals, AMF network elements, or SMF network elements, respectively Related parameters.
  • the PCF network element provides information such as authentication and policy parameters related to the V2X communication to the terminal and the access network device.
  • UDM network elements are used to manage contract information and provide contract information to related network elements.
  • UDR network elements are used to provide storage and retrieval services for PCF network elements, open structured data storage and retrieval, and user information storage requested by application functions.
  • the NEF network element connects the core network network element and an external application server (application server), and provides services such as authentication and data forwarding when the external application server initiates a service request to the core network.
  • an external application server application server
  • the AF network element may be an application server corresponding to the application, such as a localized application server.
  • the V2X application server can be regarded as a kind of AF network element.
  • DN is a network used to transmit data, such as the Internet.
  • the communication interface between the terminal and the access network device is a Uu interface
  • the communication interface between the terminal and the terminal is a PC5 interface
  • the application-level transmission interface between the terminal and the data transmission network is the V1 interface
  • the application transmission interface between the terminals is the V5 interface.
  • a network composed of operator network elements other than RAN can be called a core network.
  • a 4G network it includes a mobility management entity (mobile management entity, MME) and a service gateway (serving gateway, S- GW), public data network (public data network gateway, P-GW), home subscriber server (home subscriber server, HSS) and other network elements
  • MME mobility management entity
  • S- GW service gateway
  • public data network public data network gateway
  • P-GW home subscriber server
  • HSS home subscriber server
  • Figure 2 is only an example of a 5G network, and does not specifically limit the core network elements.
  • the multicast group mentioned in this application may refer to a multicast communication group, the multicast group is used for multicast communication, and the multicast group may include two or more terminals.
  • a terminal in the multicast group serves as the sending terminal, and the sending terminal can send multicast service data to other terminals in the multicast group except the sending terminal through the multicast channel.
  • the The other terminals in the multicast group except the sending terminal can be called receiving terminals.
  • the network architecture applied in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the network architecture shown in FIG. 2.
  • the network architecture shown in FIG. 2 is only an exemplary architecture diagram, and the number of network elements included in the communication system, the types of the network elements, and the names of the network elements are not limited.
  • the network shown in FIG. 2 may also include other functional entities.
  • the network element and the name of each network element in the above-mentioned FIG. 2 architecture are just an example, and the name of the network element and the protocol layer in a specific implementation may be other names, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 300 that can be used to implement the communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 300 may be any terminal device shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, and may also be a chip or other component with terminal function applied to any terminal device shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.
  • the communication device 300 may include a processor 301 and a memory 302.
  • the communication device 300 may further include a transceiver 303.
  • the processor 301 is coupled with the memory 302 and the transceiver 303, for example, can be connected through a communication bus.
  • the processor 301 is the control center of the communication device 300, and may be a processor or a collective name for multiple processing elements.
  • the processor 301 is one or more central processing units (CPU), or may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more of the embodiments of the present application.
  • An integrated circuit for example: one or more microprocessors (digital signal processors, DSP), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA).
  • the processor 301 can execute various functions of the communication device 300 by running or executing a software program stored in the memory 302 and calling data stored in the memory 302.
  • the communication device 300 may perform the function of the first terminal in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 described below.
  • the communication device 300 may also perform the following functions of the second terminal in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • the communication device 300 may also perform the following functions of the third terminal in FIG. 6.
  • the processor 301 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the communication device 300 may also include multiple processors, such as the processor 301 and the processor 304 shown in FIG. 3. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU).
  • the processor here may refer to one or more communication devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions).
  • the memory 302 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage communication devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions.
  • the type of dynamic storage communication equipment can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, Optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage communication devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and Any other medium that can be accessed by the computer, but not limited to this.
  • the memory 302 may be integrated with the processor 301, or may exist independently, and is coupled with the processor 301 through the input/output port (not shown in FIG. 3) of the communication device 300, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 302 is used to store a software program for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 301 controls the execution.
  • the processor 301 controls the execution.
  • the transceiver 303 is used for communication with other communication devices.
  • the communication apparatus 300 may be a terminal device, and the transceiver 303 may be used to communicate with a network device or to communicate with another terminal device.
  • the transceiver 303 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not separately shown in FIG. 3). Among them, the receiver is used to realize the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to realize the sending function.
  • the transceiver 303 may be integrated with the processor 301, or may exist independently, and is coupled with the processor 301 through the input/output port (not shown in FIG. 3) of the communication device 300, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. .
  • the structure of the communication device 300 shown in FIG. 3 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device.
  • the actual communication device may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or Different component arrangements.
  • FIG. 4 is a first schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application. This communication method can be applied to multicast communication between different terminals in the multicast group shown in FIG. 1 or as shown in 2.
  • the following takes the first terminal and the second terminal shown in FIG. 1 as an example, where the first terminal may be a sending terminal in a multicast group, and the second terminal is any receiving terminal in the multicast group.
  • 4 shows the communication method. As shown in Figure 4, the communication method includes the following S401-S404:
  • S401 The second terminal sends first QoS status information of the multicast communication.
  • the first terminal receives the first QoS status information of the multicast communication.
  • the first QoS status information includes first distance indication information.
  • the first distance indication information may be used to determine that the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group.
  • the first distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an over-distance indication, location information of the second terminal, and a distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the first QoS requirement information is the QoS requirement information of multicast communication in the multicast group, which may be used to indicate the QoS requirement of multicast communication in the multicast group, and the QoS requirement may be referred to as the first QoS requirement.
  • the first communication distance threshold is used to characterize the maximum communication distance between the sending terminal and the receiving terminal in the multicast group corresponding to the first QoS requirement. For example, when the distance between the sending terminal A and the receiving terminal B in the multicast group is greater than the first communication distance threshold, the multicast service data received by the receiving terminal B from the sending terminal A may not meet the first QoS requirement , Specifically, it cannot meet some or all of the first QoS requirements.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the location information of the second terminal may be used to indicate the location of the second terminal.
  • the location information can be geographic coordinates, such as latitude and longitude, and positioning values obtained through the global navigation satellite system (GNSS); it can also be the cell, base station, service area, or tracking area where the second terminal is located, correspondingly Specifically, the location information may be a cell identifier (cell identifier), a base station identifier (base station identifier), a service area identifier (SAI), or a tracking area identifier (TAI), etc.
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • SAI service area identifier
  • TAI tracking area identifier
  • the location information of the second terminal may also be reported to the network first.
  • the location information of the terminal may be reported to the network through the location update process, and then the location information of the second terminal may be issued by the network to all members in the multicast group. terminal.
  • step S401 can be replaced with: when the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information, the second terminal sends the first terminal of the multicast communication to the first terminal. Quality of service QoS status information.
  • the maximum communication distance of the multicast communication in the multicast group corresponding to the first QoS requirement for example, the first communication distance threshold
  • the second terminal sends feedback information to the first terminal, such as a hybrid automatic repeat request confirmation message (Hybrid Automatic Repeat). reQuest Acknowledgement, HARQ ACK) or Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Negative Acknowledgement, HARQ NACK, otherwise the second terminal sends the first distance indication information of the multicast communication to the first terminal.
  • Hybrid Automatic Repeat Hybrid Automatic Repeat
  • HARQ ACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement
  • HARQ NACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Negative Acknowledgement
  • the first terminal determines, according to the first distance indication information, that the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information.
  • the first terminal determines in step S402 according to its own location information and the location information of the second terminal A distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal, and it is determined that the distance value is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the second terminal sends the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal to the first terminal in step S401, and then the first terminal determines whether the distance value is greater than the first terminal in step S402. Communication distance threshold.
  • the foregoing distance value may be determined by the second terminal according to its own location information and the location information of the first terminal.
  • the first terminal may send the location information of the first terminal to the second terminal, so that the second terminal can determine the distance value.
  • step S402 can learn that the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first terminal according to the over-distance indication.
  • a communication distance threshold assuming that the second terminal sends an over-distance indication to the first terminal in step S401, then step S402 can learn that the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first terminal according to the over-distance indication.
  • the second terminal may not send the distance value to the first terminal, but determine the distance value. Whether the distance value is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group. If yes, the second terminal sends an over-distance indication to the first terminal.
  • the ultra-distance indication may be 1-bit indication information.
  • the over-distance indication may also be other forms of indication information, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • step S402 can be omitted, that is, S402 is an optional step.
  • the second terminal can determine the first terminal and the second terminal according to the received signal strength (for example, received power) of the first terminal.
  • the distance value between the two terminals can be obtained by using the following formula:
  • d is the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal (unit: meter)
  • P is the signal strength of the first terminal received by the second terminal (unit: milliwatt)
  • ⁇ is set according to different communication scenarios For path loss parameters greater than 0, for example, ⁇ can be 4.
  • the above-mentioned distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal may be a numerical value, a distance index or a distance level corresponding to the numerical value, or a channel quality index or a channel quality index corresponding to the distance value one-to-one.
  • Level, signal strength index or level, signal quality index or level, etc. are numerical values or indexes used to represent channel quality, signal strength, and signal quality. Among them, channel quality, signal strength, signal quality, etc. can be measured by the terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not make any limitation on the specific implementation form of the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • S403 The first terminal sends second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication.
  • the second QoS requirement information can be used to update the QoS requirement of multicast communication in the multicast group.
  • the second QoS requirement information may be used to indicate the second QoS requirement.
  • the second QoS requirement information includes a second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the second communication distance threshold is used to characterize the maximum communication distance between the sending terminal and the receiving terminal in the multicast group corresponding to the second QoS requirement.
  • the second communication distance threshold is less than the maximum allowable communication distance value or the maximum supported communication distance value of the multicast communication in the multicast group.
  • the sending terminal A and the receiving terminal B in the multicast group cannot be in the multicast group.
  • Multicast communication may be sent to the sending terminal by a network side device (for example, an application server).
  • the sending terminal in the multicast group can dynamically adjust the maximum communication distance of the multicast communication in the multicast group in the QoS requirements, and the maximum communication distance can be set as the first communication distance threshold or the second communication Distance threshold.
  • the sending terminal may send the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the receiving terminal in the multicast group through the multicast service data packet.
  • step S402 can be omitted, that is, S402 is an optional step. Accordingly, step S403 can be replaced with: the first terminal sends the group according to the over-distance indication Broadcast the second QoS requirement information of the communication.
  • the second terminal receives second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the first terminal, and updates the QoS requirement of the multicast communication in the multicast group according to the second QoS requirement information.
  • the first communication distance threshold is the distance threshold corresponding to the solid line in the figure
  • the second communication distance threshold is the distance threshold corresponding to the dashed line in the figure, that is, the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • a communication distance threshold If the second terminal is located outside the area corresponding to the solid line shown in FIG. 1, that is, the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold, the first communication distance threshold cannot meet the second communication distance threshold.
  • the second terminal carries the first distance indication information in the first QoS status information sent to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal can adjust the first communication distance threshold to (shown by the dotted line in Figure 1) according to the first distance indication information.
  • a second communication distance threshold and sending the second communication distance threshold to the second terminal, so that the second terminal implements multicast communication in the multicast group according to the second communication distance threshold.
  • the maximum communication distance of the multicast communication in the multicast group corresponding to the second QoS requirement for example, the second communication distance threshold
  • the second terminal sends feedback information to the first terminal, such as HARQ ACK or HARQ NACK, otherwise the second terminal
  • the first terminal sends distance indication information, where the distance indication information may be used to determine that the distance value between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the second communication distance threshold.
  • the communication distance threshold actually used by the second terminal may also be multiple.
  • the second QoS requirement information may include multiple communication distance thresholds, such as a first communication distance threshold and a second communication distance threshold, or although the second QoS requirement information includes only one communication distance threshold, such as a second communication distance threshold,
  • the second terminal simultaneously uses the second communication distance threshold in the second QoS requirement information and the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information to determine feedback strategies for receiving terminals located in different regions in the multicast group. Assuming that the first communication distance threshold and the second communication distance threshold are still the first communication distance threshold and the second communication distance threshold shown in FIG. 1, the distance between the first terminal and the multicast group is smaller than the first communication distance.
  • the receiving terminal with the distance threshold may not send any feedback information.
  • the first terminal may be sent Sending HARQ ACK or HARQ NACK, for a receiving terminal whose distance value between the first terminal in the multicast group and the first terminal is greater than the second communication distance threshold, the first distance indication information of the multicast communication may be sent to the first terminal.
  • the second terminal when the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the maximum communication distance in the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group, the second terminal does not feed back any information to the first terminal . In this case, the first terminal cannot adjust the QoS requirement information according to the current multicast communication status, resulting in poor reliability of the multicast communication.
  • the second terminal when the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the maximum communication distance in the multicast communication QoS requirement information in the multicast group, the second terminal can send a multicast to the first terminal.
  • the first QoS status information of the communication enables the first terminal to update the QoS requirement parameters of the multicast communication according to the adjusted second communication distance threshold, so as to realize the adaptive adjustment of the QoS requirements of the multicast communication and achieve the adjustment of the multicast communication For the purpose of quality, it can improve the reliability of multicast communication.
  • the second QoS requirement information may further include a second QoS requirement parameter, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter.
  • the second QoS requirement parameter is an adjusted QoS requirement based on the current QoS status of the multicast communication, which can meet the actual communication requirements of the current multicast communication, thereby further improving the reliability of the multicast communication.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter includes the first MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme), and the bit rate corresponding to the first MCS is relatively high.
  • the first terminal can adjust the first MCS with a higher code rate to the second MCS with a lower code rate, so as to ensure that the first terminal and the second terminal can continue to communicate with the second terminal at a lower code rate, thereby further improving the group Reliability of broadcast communication.
  • the first communication distance threshold may correspond to the first QoS requirement parameter
  • the second communication distance threshold may correspond to the second QoS requirement parameter.
  • the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter is higher than the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first terminal may receive a correspondence from a network-side device (for example, an application server), and the correspondence may be a correspondence between a distance threshold and a QoS requirement parameter.
  • the correspondence relationship may include the correspondence relationship between the first communication distance threshold and the first QoS requirement parameter, and the correspondence relationship between the second communication distance threshold and the second QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first communication distance threshold is 500 meters
  • the corresponding first QoS requirement parameter set ⁇ first packet loss rate, first delay, first bandwidth ⁇ may be: ⁇ 0.01%, 50ms, 40MHz ⁇
  • the second communication distance threshold is 1000 meters
  • the second QoS requirement parameter set ⁇ second packet loss rate, second delay, second bandwidth ⁇ may be ⁇ 1%, 100ms, 20MHz ⁇ .
  • the second packet loss rate is greater than the first packet loss rate
  • the second delay is greater than the first delay
  • the second bandwidth is less than the first bandwidth.
  • the second QoS requirement parameters may include: the second PC5 port quality of service identifier, PC5 5G QoS identifier (PQI), the second PC5 port stream bit rate, and the second required by the current multicast service.
  • QoS requirement parameter set such as second delay, second packet loss rate, second bandwidth, etc.
  • the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter, which may include one or more of the following:
  • the QoS requirement corresponding to the second PC5 port PQI is lower than that of the first PC5 port PQI
  • the second PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the first PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second delay is greater than the first delay
  • the second packet loss rate is greater than the first packet loss rate
  • the second bandwidth is less than the first bandwidth.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter set ⁇ first packet loss rate, first delay, first bandwidth ⁇ included in the first QoS requirement parameter may be: ⁇ 0.01%, 50ms, 40MHz ⁇
  • the second QoS requirement parameter The included second QoS requirement parameter set ⁇ second packet loss rate, second delay, second bandwidth ⁇ can be ⁇ 1%, 100ms, 20MHz ⁇ , and the second packet loss rate is greater than the first packet loss rate, and the second The time delay is greater than the first time delay, and the second bandwidth is less than the first bandwidth.
  • ms is milliseconds (milisecond)
  • MHz megaherts (megaherts).
  • the second terminal detects one or more of the following: the actual packet loss rate is less than the first packet loss rate, the actual delay is less than the first delay, and the actual bandwidth is less than the first bandwidth, then the first terminal receives the second terminal
  • the sent first QoS status information of the multicast communication includes one or more of the foregoing detection results of the second terminal, and the first terminal may adjust the first QoS requirement parameter set to the second QoS requirement parameter.
  • the actual packet loss rate is greater than the second packet loss rate
  • the actual delay is greater than the second delay
  • the actual bandwidth is less than the second bandwidth.
  • the first QoS requirement information further includes a first QoS requirement parameter
  • the first QoS status information may also include an unsatisfied item in the first QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first QoS requirement parameters may include: the first PC5 port quality of service identifier, PC5 5G QoS identifier (PQI), the first PC5 port stream bit rate, and the first QoS requirement required by the current multicast service Parameter set, such as the first delay, the first packet loss rate, the first bandwidth, etc.
  • the first terminal may include a first application layer, a first V2X layer, and a first access layer.
  • the first terminal receives the multicast communication.
  • a quality of service QoS status information may include: the first application layer receives the first QoS status information of the multicast communication from the application server; or, the first application layer receives from the second V2X layer and the first access layer via the first V2X layer and the first access layer. The first QoS status information of the multicast communication of the terminal.
  • the second terminal may include a second application layer, a second V2X layer, and a second access layer.
  • the first quality of service QoS status information sent by the second terminal of the multicast communication may include: the second application layer Send the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the application server, such as the AF network element; or, the second application layer sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer information.
  • the application server such as the AF network element
  • the second application layer sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer information.
  • the first terminal includes a first application layer, a first V2X layer, and a first access layer
  • the second terminal includes a second application layer and a second V2X layer
  • the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication sent by the first terminal in the above S403 may include one or more of the following: the first application layer sends to the first access layer via the first V2X layer The second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication; the first application layer sends the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the second terminal via the first V2X layer and the first access layer.
  • the second terminal receiving the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication may include: the second application layer receives the multicast communication from the second terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer The second QoS requirement information.
  • the second application layer receives the multicast communication from the second terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer The second QoS requirement information.
  • the first terminal and the second terminal before S401 is performed, have already performed multicast communication based on the first QoS requirement information, that is, as shown in FIG. 4
  • the communication method may also include the following steps one and two:
  • Step 1 The first terminal sends the first QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives the first QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the first terminal.
  • Step 2 The first terminal sends the multicast service data packet through the multicast channel.
  • the second terminal receives the multicast service data packet from the first terminal.
  • the multicast channel refers to the wireless resource used to transmit the multicast service data of the multicast group, for example, a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).
  • PSSCH physical sidelink shared channel
  • the first terminal can use the wireless resources allocated to it by the network device or the resources selected by the first terminal from the wireless resource pool pre-configured by the network device for multicast communication.
  • the network device can be an access network element (such as a base station) or a core network element, such as the policy and control function (PCF) network element and application function (application function) in Figure 2 above. AF) network elements, etc.
  • PCF policy and control function
  • application function application function
  • the first terminal may send the multicast service data packet through the PSSCH, and send it on the physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) associated with the PSSCH. Receive and decode the sidelink control information (SCI) of the PSSCH.
  • the SCI may include the aforementioned first QoS requirement information or the second QoS requirement information.
  • the SCI may also include one or more of the following: PSSCH radio resource information carrying the multicast service data packet, location information of the first terminal, and so on.
  • the second terminal may send feedback information on the physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH), and the feedback information may be used to indicate whether the multicast service data packet carried by the PSSCH is received, or the first QoS status information.
  • PSFCH physical sidelink feedback channel
  • the feedback information may be a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (acknowledgement, ACK) or negative acknowledgement (NACK).
  • HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • NACK negative acknowledgement
  • the first terminal may adjust the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group according to the feedback information, so as to meet the QoS requirement required by the multicast service of the first terminal.
  • the method further includes implementing multicast communication between the first terminal and the second terminal, that is, the communication method shown in FIG. 4 may also Including the following steps three:
  • Step 3 The first terminal sends a multicast service data packet to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives the multicast service data packet from the first terminal.
  • step 2 please refer to the related content of step 2 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • any of the foregoing terminals may include an application layer, a V2X layer, and an access layer.
  • the first terminal includes a first application layer, a first V2X layer, and a first access layer
  • the second terminal includes a second application layer, a second V2X layer, and a second access layer.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 4 will be further described below in conjunction with the protocol layer in the terminal.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 4 will be described in detail. For details, refer to the communication method shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of the flow of the communication method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • This communication method is a specific example of the communication method shown in FIG. 4 at the granularity of the protocol layer of the terminal.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the first application layer sends the first QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the first V2X layer.
  • the first V2X layer receives the first QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the first application layer.
  • the first application layer may also send the multicast group information like the first V2X layer.
  • the first V2X layer receives multicast group information from the first application layer.
  • the multicast group information may include at least one of the following: a multicast group identifier, a group member identifier, the number of group members, a destination layer 2 identifier (layer-2 identifier, L2 identifier), and so on.
  • the multicast group identifier is used to distinguish different multicast groups, and may include the group identifier (group identifier) of the multicast group, Internet Protocol address, MAC address, and so on.
  • the group member identifier is used to distinguish different terminals in the multicast group, and may include the user name, IP address, MAC address, etc. of any terminal in the multicast group.
  • the number of group members refers to the number of members included in the multicast group, and is usually a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.
  • the destination layer 2 identifier refers to the MAC address of the receiving terminal in the multicast group.
  • S501A is an optional step, that is, the first application layer may not send the multicast group information and the first QoS requirement information to the first V2X layer.
  • step S501A can be replaced with: the first V2X layer obtains the multicast group information and the first QoS requirement information according to the V2X application or service type carried in the multicast service data packet from the first application layer.
  • the V2X application or service type can be: service provider identifier (provider service identifier, PSID) or intelligent transportation system application identifier (intelligent transport system application identifier, ITS-AID) or other information that can indicate the specific V2X application or service type .
  • service provider identifier provider service identifier, PSID
  • intelligent transportation system application identifier intelligent transportation system application identifier
  • ITS-AID intelligent transport system application identifier
  • the first V2X layer may query the corresponding relationship according to the V2X application or service type carried in the multicast service data packet to obtain the multicast group information and the first QoS requirement information.
  • the foregoing correspondence relationship may include one or more of the following: the correspondence relationship between the V2X application or service type and the destination L2 identifier in the multicast group information, the correspondence relationship between the V2X application or service type and the QoS requirement parameters, the correspondence between the V2X application or service type and the Correspondence of maximum communication distance.
  • the parameter set composed of the QoS requirement parameters and the maximum communication distance corresponding to the same V2X application or service type may be the above-mentioned first QoS requirement information or the second QoS requirement information.
  • the first terminal may obtain the foregoing correspondence relationship in the following manner:
  • Method 1 When the first terminal applies to the wireless network to use PC5V2X communication, the PCF network element or AF network element in the wireless network can use the strategy and parameters for PC5 communication (this parameter includes the above-mentioned corresponding relationship, and may also include permission to use The geographic location information and frequency band information communicated by the PC5 are sent to the first terminal.
  • the PCF network element may send these policies and parameters to the first terminal through the N1 interface of the access and mobility management function (AMF) network element.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • the AF network element sends the strategy and parameters used for PC5 communication (this parameter includes the above-mentioned corresponding relationship, and may also include geographic location information and frequency band information that allow the use of PC5 communication) to the unified data repository (UDR) ) Network element, UDR network element stores the strategy and parameters. Then the PCF network element can read the strategy and parameters from the UDR network element, and send them to the first terminal through the N1 interface of the AMF network element.
  • UDR unified data repository
  • the AF network element directly sends the strategy and parameters for PC5 communication (the parameters include the above-mentioned corresponding relationship, and may also include geographic location information and frequency band information that allow the use of PC5 communication) to the first terminal directly through the V1 interface.
  • the first V2X layer sends the first QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the first access layer.
  • the first access layer receives the first QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the first V2X layer.
  • the first V2X layer can directly issue the first QoS requirement information to the first access layer.
  • the first application layer can also query the specific content of the first QoS requirement information in the corresponding relationship based on the multicast group information, such as application or service type, such as the corresponding QoS requirement parameter, maximum The communication distance threshold, etc., as well as multicast group information, such as the destination L2 identifier of the multicast communication, are delivered to the first application layer.
  • the specific query method please refer to the related description in S501A, which will not be repeated here.
  • S501B The second application layer sends the multicast group information to the second V2X layer.
  • the second V2X layer receives multicast group information from the second application layer.
  • S502B The second V2X layer sends the multicast group information to the second access layer.
  • the second access layer receives multicast group information from the second V2X layer.
  • the second terminal which is the receiving terminal of multicast service data packets, is different from the first terminal, which is the sending terminal of multicast service data packets.
  • the application layer of the second terminal sends the above-mentioned multicast group to its access layer via its V2X layer. information.
  • the first QoS requirement information can be obtained by the second access layer by analyzing the SCI information carried by the PSCCH corresponding to the PSSCH carrying the multicast service data packet. For details, reference may be made to the existing implementation manner, which will not be repeated here.
  • S503 The first access layer sends the multicast service data packet to the second access layer.
  • the first access layer encodes and transmits the data packet using a modulation and coding scheme preset by the network or device according to the PQI value in the QoS requirement information.
  • the second access layer receives the multicast service data packet from the first access layer.
  • the second access layer can analyze the modulation and coding scheme carried by the PSCCH according to the PQI value in the QoS requirement information, and demodulate and decode the data packet according to the modulation and coding scheme, thereby obtaining the content of the data packet .
  • the second access layer sends HARQ ACK or HARQ NACK to the first access layer.
  • the first access layer receives HARQ ACK or HARQ NACK from the second access layer.
  • S504 may include: the second access layer may determine whether the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information, and determine whether to connect to the first terminal according to the determination result.
  • the incoming layer sends feedback information. For example, if the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is less than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information, and the analysis of the multicast service data packet fails, the second access layer can access the first The layer sends HARQ NACK. If the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information, and the multicast service data packet is successfully parsed, the second access layer can send to the first access layer HARQ ACK.
  • the feedback mechanism adopted by the second access layer such as HARQ ACK feedback or HARQ NACK feedback, can be preset, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second access layer sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first access layer.
  • the first access layer receives the first QoS status information of the multicast communication, and sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first application layer via the first V2X layer.
  • the second access layer in S505 sending the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first access layer may include: if the second access layer determines the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal If the value is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information, the first QoS state information of the multicast communication is sent to the first access layer.
  • the second access layer may still successfully parse the multicast service data packet.
  • the second access layer may fail to parse the multicast service data packet.
  • the second access layer sending the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first access layer in step S505 may include: if the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than If the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information fails to parse the multicast service data packet, the second access layer sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first access layer; otherwise, no multicast is sent The first QoS status information of the communication.
  • combining the foregoing distance judgment result and the analysis result of the multicast service data packet can further improve the accuracy of the first terminal in adjusting the QoS requirements of the multicast communication.
  • the second access layer sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the second application layer via the second V2X layer, and the second application layer sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first application layer.
  • the second access layer sending the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the second V2X layer in S506 may include: if the second access layer determines that the distance between the first terminal and the second terminal is greater than the first The first communication distance threshold in the QoS requirement information sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the second V2X layer.
  • the first communication distance threshold in the QoS requirement information sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the second V2X layer.
  • the second application layer sending the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first application layer in S506 may include: the second application layer sending the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the application server or the AF network element through the V1 interface Information, and then the application server (which can be an application server deployed by a third party, or an AF network element deployed by an operator) through UPF network elements, next generation (radio) access network (next generation (radio) access network, NG-(R) ) AN) The network element sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first application layer.
  • the application server which can be an application server deployed by a third party, or an AF network element deployed by an operator
  • UPF network elements next generation (radio) access network (next generation (radio) access network, NG-(R) ) AN
  • the network element sends the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first application layer.
  • the foregoing method may further include: the first application layer generates second QoS requirement information.
  • the first application layer generates second QoS requirement information.
  • the first application layer can execute the above S501A, S502A, and S503 again, and send the second QoS requirement information to the first access layer via the first V2X layer, and then the first access layer sends it through multicast service data packets To the second access layer, so as to achieve the purpose of dynamically adjusting the quality of multicast communication.
  • the first terminal can learn that the distance between it and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold according to the first distance indication information provided by the second terminal, and accordingly The maximum communication distance of the multicast communication in the multicast group is adjusted from the first communication distance threshold to the second communication distance threshold, where the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold, which can solve the problem of being unable to obtain the actual distance greater than the multicast group
  • the multicast communication state between the terminals with the maximum communication distance causes the problem that the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication cannot be adjusted, and the reliability of the multicast communication can be improved.
  • the first application layer is used as an example of adjusting the QoS requirement information of multicast communication.
  • the first V2X layer can also be used as the main body of adjusting the QoS requirement information of the multicast communication. This will be explained in detail below.
  • FIG. 6 is a third schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • This communication method can be applied to any terminal in the multicast group shown in FIG. 1 or 2, such as the third terminal in FIG. 1, where any terminal and other terminals in the multicast group, such as the fourth terminal ( (Not shown in Figure 1) there is multicast communication between them.
  • the any terminal includes an application layer, a V2X layer, and an access layer.
  • the third terminal includes a third application layer, a third V2X layer, and a third access layer. Taking the third terminal shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the communication method shown in FIG. 6 will be described in detail below.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the third application layer sends to the third V2X layer at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information for the multicast communication in the multicast group.
  • the third V2X layer receives at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information from the multicast communication in the multicast group of the third application layer.
  • the content of each group of candidate QoS requirement information can refer to the content of the above-mentioned first QoS requirement information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the third V2X layer sends third QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the third access layer according to at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information.
  • the third access layer receives the third QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the third V2X layer.
  • the third QoS requirement information includes a third communication distance threshold.
  • the third QoS requirement information may further include a third QoS requirement parameter.
  • the third QoS requirement parameter may include one or more of the following: the third PC5 port quality of service identifier PC5 5G quality of service identifier (PC5 5G QoS identifier, PQI), the third PC5 port stream bit rate, current multicast
  • PC5 5G QoS identifier, PQI PC5 5G QoS identifier
  • PQI PC5 5G QoS identifier
  • the third PC5 port stream bit rate current multicast
  • the third set of QoS requirement parameters required by the service such as the third delay, the third packet loss rate, and the third bandwidth.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 6 may further include: the third V2X layer receives a selection instruction from the third application layer.
  • the selection indication is used to instruct the third V2X layer to select a group of QoS requirement information from at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information.
  • the third application layer may explicitly instruct the third V2X layer to select one group from at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information as the third QoS requirement information, and send it to the third access layer.
  • the third application layer may not issue the selection instruction. In other words, if there are multiple sets of candidate QoS requirement information sent by the third application layer to the third V2X layer, it can be deemed that the third application layer has issued the selection instruction. In other words, the third application layer can also use at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information itself to implicitly instruct the third V2X layer to select one group from the at least two sets of candidate QoS as the third QoS requirement information, and send it to the third Access layer.
  • the third access layer implements multicast communication with the fourth terminal based on the third QoS requirement information.
  • the third terminal may be a sending terminal
  • the fourth terminal is a receiving terminal
  • the third QoS requirement information is used by the third access layer to send multicast service data packets to the fourth terminal and receive Feedback information of the fourth terminal or second quality of service QoS status information.
  • the third terminal may also be a receiving terminal, the fourth terminal is a sending terminal, and the third QoS requirement information is used by the third access layer to receive multicast service data from the fourth terminal Packet, and send feedback information or second quality of service QoS status information to the fourth terminal.
  • the third terminal may be a sending terminal in the multicast group, or a receiving terminal in the multicast group, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the third access layer sends second QoS status information of the multicast communication to the third V2X layer.
  • the third V2X layer receives the second QoS status information of the multicast communication from the third access layer.
  • the third terminal may be a sending terminal
  • the fourth terminal is a receiving terminal
  • the second QoS status information may be the QoS status of the access layer from the fourth terminal received by the third access layer. information.
  • the third terminal may also be a receiving terminal
  • the fourth terminal may be a sending terminal
  • the second QoS state information may also be QoS state information measured by the third access layer.
  • the second QoS status information includes second distance indication information, and the second distance indication information is used to determine that the distance value between the third terminal and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the second distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an ultra-distance indication, location information of the fourth terminal, and a distance value between the third terminal and the fourth terminal.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the third terminal and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 6 may also include S605:
  • the third V2X layer determines, according to the second distance indication information, that the distance value between the third terminal and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the third V2X layer can determine whether the distance between the third terminal and the fourth terminal in the second distance indication information is greater than the third communication distance threshold, and then learn the distance between the third terminal and the fourth terminal. The distance value is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the third V2X layer may also calculate the distance value between the third terminal and the fourth terminal based on the location information of the fourth terminal in the second distance indication information and combine the location information of the third terminal, and then determine the distance value Whether it is greater than the third communication distance, and then it is known that the distance value is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the operation of determining that the distance between the third terminal and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold can be performed by the fourth terminal and Notify the third terminal of the judgment result (over-distance indication), or the third terminal may judge by itself according to the distance value between the third terminal and the fourth terminal provided by the fourth terminal or the position information of the fourth terminal, that is, S605 Treated as an optional step.
  • the third V2X layer selects fourth QoS requirement information from at least two sets of QoS requirement information.
  • the fourth QoS requirement information includes a fourth communication distance threshold, and the fourth communication distance threshold is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the fourth communication distance threshold is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the fourth QoS requirement information may further include a fourth QoS requirement parameter, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the fourth QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the third QoS requirement parameter.
  • the fourth QoS requirement parameter may include one or more of the following: the fourth PC5 port quality of service identifier PC5 5G quality of service identifier (PC5 5G QoS identifier, PQI), the fourth PC5 port stream bit rate, current multicast
  • the fourth QoS requirement parameter set required by the service such as the fourth delay, the fourth packet loss rate, and the fourth bandwidth.
  • the QoS requirement corresponding to the fourth QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter, which may include one or more of the following:
  • the QoS requirement corresponding to the fourth PC5 port PQI is lower than that of the third PC5 port PQI
  • the fourth PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the third PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the fourth delay is greater than the third delay
  • the fourth packet loss rate is greater than the third packet loss rate
  • the fourth bandwidth is less than the third bandwidth.
  • the third terminal may select the fourth QoS requirement information from at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information for the following scenarios according to whether the third terminal is a sending terminal or a receiving terminal, and the quantity of the second QoS status information:
  • the third terminal is a receiving terminal
  • the second QoS status information is the QoS status information measured by the third access layer and reported to the third V2X layer, that is, only includes the third terminal, the receiving terminal and the sending terminal.
  • the third V2X layer can select a group of candidate QoS requirement information that can meet the QoS requirements between the third terminal and the sending terminal from at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information as the fourth QoS requirement information, and issue it For the third access layer, the following S607 is executed.
  • the third terminal is a sending terminal, and the second QoS status information received by the third V2X layer is one, that is, only one receiving terminal sends the second QoS status information of multicast communication to the third terminal, then the third The V2X layer can select a group of candidate QoS requirement information that can satisfy the QoS requirement between the third terminal and the receiving terminal from at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information as the fourth QoS requirement information, and send it to the third access Layer, that is, the following S607 is executed.
  • the third terminal is a sending terminal, and the second QoS status information received by the third V2X layer is multiple, that is, there are multiple receiving terminals that send second QoS status information of multicast communication to the third terminal.
  • the third V2X layer can select a group of candidate QoS requirement information that can meet the QoS requirements of all receiving terminals from at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information as the fourth QoS requirement information, and send it to the third access layer, that is, optionally
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 6 further includes the following S607. For the details of S607, please refer to the following embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the fourth communication distance threshold is greater than the maximum communication distance required by all receiving terminals.
  • the fourth communication distance threshold may be the maximum value of the maximum communication distance required by all receiving terminals.
  • the maximum communication distances required by the three receiving terminals are respectively: 500 meters, 600 meters, and 1000 meters
  • the fourth communication distance may be 1000 meters, or a distance value greater than 1000 meters, such as 1200 meters.
  • the QoS requirement corresponding to the fourth QoS requirement parameter is lower than the lowest requirement among the QoS requirements corresponding to the third QoS requirement parameter required by all receiving terminals.
  • the fourth delay may be 80ms, or may be a delay value greater than 80ms, such as 100ms.
  • the third terminal is a sending terminal
  • the second QoS status information received by the third V2X layer is multiple, that is, there are multiple receiving terminals that send the second QoS status information of the multicast communication to the third terminal
  • the third V2X layer finds that there is no set of candidate QoS requirement information that can meet the QoS requirements of all receiving terminals in at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information, and the third V2X layer can send unsatisfied QoS requirement parameters to the third application layer.
  • the third application layer decides whether to adjust the QoS requirement information, and which group of candidate QoS requirement information is selected from the at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information as the fourth QoS requirement information, that is, optionally, the communication method shown in FIG. 6 also It can include the following S608-S609.
  • S608-S609 For the details of S608-S609, please refer to the following embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the third V2X layer sends fourth QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the third access layer.
  • the third access layer receives the fourth QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the third V2X layer.
  • the fourth QoS requirement information can be used to replace the previous third QoS requirement information, and is used for communication between the third terminal and other terminals in the multicast group, such as the fourth terminal.
  • the third V2X layer sends a QoS requirement adjustment request of the multicast communication to the third application layer.
  • the third application layer receives the QoS requirement adjustment request of the multicast communication from the third V2X layer.
  • the QoS requirement adjustment request carries the following information: the maximum communication distance and/or QoS requirement parameter corresponding to the QoS requirement that cannot be satisfied among the QoS requirements of one or more receiving terminals, or the index of the maximum communication distance and/or QoS requirement parameter The index of the maximum communication distance and/or the index of the QoS requirement parameter, or the index of the maximum communication distance and/or the QoS requirement parameter.
  • the QoS requirement adjustment request also carries the identity information of the receiving terminal for at least one QoS requirement that cannot be satisfied, such as a terminal identifier.
  • the QoS requirement information that cannot be met may be different for different receiving terminals.
  • the third communication distance threshold is smaller than the maximum communication distance threshold required by the receiving terminal 1
  • the third bandwidth is smaller than the system bandwidth required by the receiving terminal 2, and so on.
  • the third application layer may decide not to adjust the QoS requirements, that is, the third terminal still continues to implement multicast communication with the first terminal based on the third QoS requirement information.
  • the third application layer may decide to adjust the QoS requirement, and select a group of candidate QoS requirement information from at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information as the fourth QoS requirement information. Since there is no candidate QoS requirement information that can meet the QoS requirements of all receiving terminals in at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information at this time, the third application layer can select from at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information according to one or more of the following rules A group of candidate QoS requirement information is used as the fourth QoS requirement information:
  • the third application layer sends the fourth QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the third access layer via the third V2X layer.
  • the third access layer receives the fourth QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the third application layer via the third V2X layer.
  • the QoS requirement information has been updated, that is, the third QoS requirement information is adjusted to the fourth QoS requirement information, and then the following S610 can be performed:
  • the third access layer implements multicast communication with the fourth terminal based on the fourth QoS requirement information.
  • any terminal in the multicast group such as the V2X layer of the third terminal, can learn the distance between it and the multicast group according to the second distance indication information provided by its access layer.
  • the distance between the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold in the QoS requirement information of multicast communication in the multicast group, and based on this, one group is selected from at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information configured at the application layer as the first 4.
  • the QoS requirement information is issued to its access layer, so that the third terminal can implement multicast communication with the fourth terminal in the multicast group according to the fourth QoS requirement information; wherein, the fourth QoS requirement information includes the fourth communication distance, In addition, the fourth communication distance is greater than the third communication distance, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the QoS requirements of the multicast communication, so as to improve the reliability of the multicast communication.
  • FIG. 7 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device belongs to a multicast group, and the communication device can be used as a first terminal to communicate with a second terminal in the multicast group, that is, the communication device can be used to perform the function of the first terminal in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the communication device may be used as the second terminal to communicate with the first terminal in the multicast group, that is, the communication device may perform the function of the second terminal in the foregoing method embodiment. Described below separately.
  • the communication device may be applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 to perform the function of the first terminal in the communication method shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 only shows the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication device 700 includes: a processing module 701 and a transceiver module 702.
  • the transceiver module 702 is configured to receive first quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication; wherein, the first QoS status information includes first distance indication information.
  • the processing module 701 is configured to determine, according to the first distance indication information, that the distance value between the communication device 700 and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information.
  • the transceiver module 702 is further configured to send second QoS requirement information of multicast communication; wherein the second QoS requirement information includes a second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an over-distance indication, location information of the second terminal, and a distance value between the communication device 700 and the second terminal.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the communication device 700 and the second terminal is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first QoS requirement information may also include the first QoS requirement parameter; the first QoS status information may also include the unmet QoS requirement parameter in the first QoS requirement parameter; the second QoS requirement information may The second QoS requirement parameter is included, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the corresponding QoS requirement of the second PC5 port PQI is lower than that of the first PC5 QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the first PC5 port stream bit rate.
  • the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 includes a first application layer, a first V2X layer, and a first access layer.
  • the first application layer is used to receive the first QoS status information of the multicast communication from the application server.
  • the first application layer is also used to receive the first QoS status information of the multicast communication from the second terminal via the first V2X layer and the first access layer.
  • the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 includes a first application layer, a first V2X layer, and a first access layer.
  • the first application layer is used to send the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the first access layer via the first V2X layer.
  • the first application layer is also used to send the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the second terminal via the first V2X layer and the first access layer.
  • the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 may also be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 to perform the function of the second terminal in the communication method shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5. This will be explained in detail below.
  • the transceiver module 702 is configured to send the first quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication; wherein, the first QoS status information includes first distance indication information.
  • the processing module 701 is configured to determine, according to the first distance indication information, that the distance value between the first terminal and the communication device 700 is greater than the first communication distance threshold in the first QoS requirement information.
  • the transceiver module 702 is further configured to receive second QoS requirement information of multicast communication; wherein the second QoS requirement information includes a second communication distance threshold, and the second communication distance threshold is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an over-distance indication, location information of the communication device 700, and a distance value between the first terminal and the communication device 700.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the first terminal and the communication device 700 is greater than the first communication distance threshold.
  • the first QoS requirement information may also include the first QoS requirement parameter; the first QoS status information may also include the unmet QoS requirement parameter in the first QoS requirement parameter; the second QoS requirement information may The second QoS requirement parameter is included, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the second QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the first QoS requirement parameter.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the corresponding QoS requirement of the second PC5 port PQI is lower than that of the first PC5 QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the first QoS requirement parameter may include the first PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second QoS requirement parameter may include the second PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the second PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the first PC5 port stream bit rate.
  • the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 includes a second application layer, a second V2X layer, and a second access layer.
  • the second application layer is used to send the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the application server.
  • the second application layer is also used to send the first QoS status information of the multicast communication to the first terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer.
  • the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 includes a second application layer, a second V2X layer, and a second access layer.
  • the second application layer is also used to receive the second QoS requirement information of the multicast communication from the first terminal via the second V2X layer and the second access layer.
  • the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 7), and the storage module stores programs or instructions.
  • the processing module 701 executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 can execute the functions of the first terminal or the second terminal in the communication method shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 may be any terminal in the multicast group, or may be a chip or a chip system provided in the terminal, which is not limited in this application.
  • the technical effects of the communication device 700 shown in FIG. 7 may refer to the technical effects of the communication method shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 8 is a third structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 to perform the function of the third terminal in the communication method shown in FIG. 6.
  • the communication device belongs to a multicast group, and the multicast group also includes other terminals. For ease of description, FIG. 8 only shows the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication device 800 includes: a third application layer 801, a third V2X layer 802, and a third access layer 803.
  • the third V2X layer 802 is used to receive at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group from the third application layer 801.
  • the third V2X layer 802 is also used to send third QoS requirement information of the multicast communication to the third access layer 803 according to at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information of the multicast communication in the multicast group; wherein, the third QoS requirement The information includes a third communication distance threshold.
  • the third V2X layer 802 is also used to receive the second quality of service QoS status information of the multicast communication from the third access layer 803; wherein the second QoS status information includes second distance indication information, and the second distance indication information is used It is determined that the distance value between the communication device 800 shown in FIG. 8 and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the third V2X layer 802 is also used to send fourth QoS requirement information of multicast communication to the third access layer 803; wherein the fourth QoS requirement information belongs to at least two groups of candidate QoS requirement information; the fourth QoS requirement information includes the first Four communication distance threshold, the fourth communication distance threshold is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the second distance indication information may include one or more of the following: an over-distance indication, location information of the fourth terminal, and a distance value between the communication device 800 and the fourth terminal.
  • the over-distance indication is used to indicate that the distance value between the communication device 800 and the fourth terminal is greater than the third communication distance threshold.
  • the third QoS requirement information may also include a third QoS requirement parameter;
  • the second QoS status information may also include an unmet QoS requirement parameter in the third QoS requirement parameter;
  • the fourth QoS requirement information may The fourth QoS requirement parameter is included, and the QoS requirement corresponding to the fourth QoS requirement parameter is lower than the QoS requirement corresponding to the third QoS requirement parameter.
  • the third QoS requirement parameter may include the third PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI
  • the fourth QoS requirement parameter may include the fourth PC5 port quality of service identifier PQI.
  • the fourth PC5 port PQI corresponds to a lower QoS requirement than the third PC5. QoS requirements corresponding to the port PQI.
  • the third QoS requirement parameter may include the third PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the fourth QoS requirement parameter may include the fourth PC5 port stream bit rate
  • the fourth PC5 port stream bit rate is lower than the third PC5 port stream bit rate.
  • the third V2X layer 802 is also used to receive a selection indication from the third application layer 801; wherein the selection indication is used to instruct the third V2X layer 802 to select from at least two sets of candidate QoS requirement information Produce a set of QoS requirement information.
  • the communication device 800 shown in FIG. 8 may be any terminal in the multicast group, or may be a chip or a chip system provided in the terminal, which is not limited in this application.
  • the technical effect of the communication device 800 shown in FIG. 8 may refer to the technical effect of the communication method shown in FIG. 6, which will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a chip system.
  • the chip system includes a processor and an input/output port, where the processor is used to implement the processing functions involved in the foregoing method embodiment, and the input/output port is used to implement the transceiver function involved in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store program instructions and data that implement the functions involved in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication system.
  • the communication system may include a first terminal and a second terminal, where the first terminal and the second terminal may be respectively used to execute the steps or actions of the first terminal and the second terminal in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which may include a third terminal and a fourth terminal, where the third terminal and the fourth terminal may be used to execute the third terminal and the fourth terminal in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 respectively. The action of the fourth terminal.
  • both of the above two communication systems can provide services for one multicast group.
  • the above two communication systems may also include other terminals, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including: computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium; when the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the first terminal in the above method embodiment, The communication method performed by the second terminal or the third terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, including a computer program or instruction, when the computer program or instruction runs on a computer, the computer executes the first terminal, the second terminal, or the Actions or steps of the third terminal.
  • the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processors, DSP), and dedicated integration Circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Access memory synchronous DRAM, SDRAM
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous connection dynamic random access memory Take memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).
  • the foregoing embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center. Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center via wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more sets of available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium.
  • the semiconductor medium may be a solid state drive.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • the following at least one item (a)” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or a plurality of items (a).
  • at least one item (a) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple .
  • the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not correspond to the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，能够实现当组播组内发送终端与接收终端之间的距离值大于该组播组内组播通信的最大通信距离时，发送终端可根据接收终端的QoS状态更新该组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息，以提高组播通信可靠性，可应用于车联网系统、V2X系统、自动驾驶系统、智能驾驶系统中。该方法包括：第一终端根据第二终端提供的组播通信的第一QoS状态信息，获知其与第二终端之间的距离值大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，并据此将上述最大通信距离阈值调整为取值更大的第二通信距离阈值，以达到调整第一终端与第二终端之间的组播通信的QoS需求的目的。

Description

通信方法及装置
本申请要求于2019年11月19日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为201911136665.4、申请名称为“通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
目前，组播组内的第一终端和第二终端根据允许的最大通信距离(range)完成组播通信。具体地，第一终端需要在控制信道上向各第二终端发送该第一终端的位置信息，以及服务质量(quality of service，QoS)需求参数，并在控制信道对应的数据信道上向各第二终端发送组播业务数据包。相应地，第二终端可以在解析控制信道之后，根据该第二终端的位置信息判断其与第一终端之间的距离值是否小于最大通信距离。若是，则第二终端在接收到组播业务数据包后，向第一终端发送反馈信息。第一终端根据反馈信息，调整QoS需求参数。
然而，倘若第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于最大通信距离，则第二终端不会向第一终端发送任何反馈信息。也就是说，在此场景下，第一终端无法获知其与最大通信距离之外的接收终端之间的组播通信状态，当然也就无法据此调整QoS需求参数，以保证组播通信的可靠性，从而导致组播通信的质量较差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及装置，能够解决无法获取实际距离大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的最大通信距离的终端之间的组播通信状态，因而无法调整组播通信的QoS需求参数的问题，能够提高组播通信的可靠性。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种通信方法。该通信方法应用于组播组，该组播组包括第一终端和第二终端。该通信方法包括：第一终端接收组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息。第一终端根据第一距离指示信息，确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。第一终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；其中，第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。
基于第一方面所述的通信方法，第一终端能够根据第二终端提供的第一距离指示信息，获知其与第二终端之间的距离值大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，并据此将组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的最大通信距离由第一通信距离阈值调整为第二通信距离阈值，并且，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值，使得第一终端能够根据调整后的第二通信距离阈值更新组播通信的QoS需求参数，从而实现组播通信的QoS需求的适应性调整，可以达到调整组播通信质量的目 的，能够解决由于无法获取实际距离大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的最大通信距离的终端之间的组播通信状态，所导致的无法调整组播通信的QoS需求的问题，能够提高组播通信的可靠性。
示例性地，第一距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第二终端的位置信息、第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第一QoS需求信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数；第一QoS状态信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第二QoS需求信息可以包括第二QoS需求参数，第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口流比特速率，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口流比特速率，第二PC5口流比特速率低于第一PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第一终端包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层。相应地，上述第一终端接收组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息，可以包括：第一应用层接收来自应用服务器的第一QoS状态信息。或者，可选地，第一应用层经由第一V2X层和第一接入层，接收来自第二终端的第一QoS状态信息。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第一终端包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层。相应地，上述第一终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，可以包括如下一项或多项：第一应用层经由第一V2X层，向第一接入层发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；第一应用层经由第一V2X层和第一接入层，向第二终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法。该通信方法应用于组播组，该组播组包括第一终端和第二终端。该通信方法包括：第二终端发送组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息，第一距离指示信息用于确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。第二终端接收所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；其中，第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。
示例性地，第一距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第二终端的位置信息、第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第一QoS需求信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数；第一QoS状态信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第二QoS需求信息可以包括第二QoS需求参数，第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二QoS 需求参数可以包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口流比特速率，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口流比特速率，第二PC5口流比特速率低于第一PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第二终端包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层。相应地，上述第二终端发送组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息，可以包括：第二应用层向应用服务器发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。或者，可选地，第二应用层经由第二V2X层和第二接入层，向第一终端发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第二终端包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层。相应地，上述第二终端接收所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，可以包括：第二应用层经由第二V2X层和第二接入层，接收来自第二终端的第二QoS需求信息。
第二方面所述的通信方法的技术效果可以参考第一方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第三方面，提供一种通信方法。该通信方法应用于组播组中的第三终端，该第三终端包括第三应用层、第三V2X层和第三接入层，该组播组还包括第四终端。该通信方法包括：第三V2X层接收来自第三应用层的组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息。第三V2X层根据至少两组候选QoS需求信息，向第三接入层发送组播通信的第三QoS需求信息；其中，第三QoS需求信息包括第三通信距离阈值。第三V2X层接收来自第三接入层的组播通信的第二服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第二QoS状态信息包括第二距离指示信息，第二距离指示信息用于确定第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。第三V2X层向第三接入层发送组播通信的第四QoS需求信息；其中，第四QoS需求信息属于至少两组候选QoS需求信息；第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离阈值，第四通信距离阈值大于第三通信距离阈值。
基于第三方面所述的通信方法，组播组内的任一终端，如第三终端的V2X层能够根据其接入层提供的第二距离指示信息，获知其与组播组内的第四终端之间的距离值大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的第三通信距离阈值，并据此从其应用层组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择一组作为第四QoS需求信息下发给其接入层，以便第三终端可以根据第四QoS需求信息与组播组内的第四终端实现组播通信；其中，第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离，且第四通信距离大于第三通信距离，使得第一终端能够根据调整后的第二通信距离阈值更新组播通信的QoS需求参数，从而实现组播通信的QoS需求的适应性调整，可以达到调整组播通信质量的目的，能够提高组播通信的可靠性。
示例性地，第二距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第四终端的位置信息、第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第三QoS需求信息还可以包括第三QoS需求参数；第二QoS状态信息还可以包括第三QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第四QoS需求信息可以包括第四QoS需求参数，第四QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第三 QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第三QoS需求参数可以包括第三PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第四QoS需求参数可以包括第四PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第四PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第三PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第三QoS需求参数可以包括第三PC5口流比特速率；第四QoS需求参数可以包括第四PC5口流比特速率，第四PC5口流比特速率低于第三PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第三方面所述的通信方法还可以包括：第三V2X层接收来自第三应用层的选择指示；其中，选择指示用于指示第三V2X层从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择出一组QoS需求信息。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置属于组播组，该组播组还包括第二终端。该通信装置包括：处理模块和收发模块。其中，收发模块，用于接收组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息。处理模块，用于根据第一距离指示信息，确定通信装置与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。收发模块，还用于发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；其中，第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。
示例性地，第一距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第二终端的位置信息、通信装置与第二终端之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示通信装置与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS需求信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数；第一QoS状态信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第二QoS需求信息可以包括第二QoS需求参数，第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口流比特速率，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口流比特速率，第二PC5口流比特速率低于第一PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计中，第四方面所述的通信装置包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层。其中，第一应用层，用于接收来自应用服务器的第一QoS状态信息。第一应用层，还用于经由第一V2X层和第一接入层，接收来自第二终端的第一QoS状态信息。
在一种可能的设计中，第四方面所述的包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层。其中，第一应用层，用于经由第一V2X层，向第一接入层发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。第一应用层，还用于经由第一V2X层和第一接入层，向第二终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。
可选地，第四方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序 或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得第四方面所述的通信装置可以执行第一方面所述的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第四方面所述的通信装置可以是终端设备，也可以是设置于终端设备中的芯片或芯片系统，本申请对此不做限定。
第四方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第一方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第五方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置属于组播组，该组播组还包括第一终端。该通信装置包括：处理模块和收发模块。其中，收发模块，用于发送组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息。处理模块，用于根据第一距离指示信息，确定第一终端与通信装置之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。收发模块，还用于接收组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；其中，第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。
示例性地，第一距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、通信装置的位置信息、第一终端与通信装置之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示第一终端与通信装置之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS需求信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数；第一QoS状态信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第二QoS需求信息可以包括第二QoS需求参数，第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口流比特速率，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口流比特速率，第二PC5口流比特速率低于第一PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计中，第五方面所述的通信装置包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层。其中，第二应用层，用于向应用服务器发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。第二应用层，还用于经由第二V2X层和第二接入层，向第一终端发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
在一种可能的设计中，第五方面所述的通信装置包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层。其中，第二应用层，还用于经由第二V2X层和第二接入层，接收来自第一终端的第二QoS需求信息。
可选地，第五方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得第五方面所述的通信装置可以执行第二方面所述的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第五方面所述的通信装置可以是终端设备，也可以是设置于终端设备中的芯片或芯片系统，本申请对此不做限定。
第五方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第一方面所述的通信方法的技术效 果，此处不再赘述。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置为组播组中的第三终端，通信装置包括：第三应用层、第三V2X层和第三接入层，该组播组还包括第四终端。其中，第三V2X层，用于接收来自第三应用层的组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息。第三V2X层，还用于根据至少两组候选QoS需求信息，向第三接入层发送组播通信的第三QoS需求信息；其中，第三QoS需求信息包括第三通信距离阈值。第三V2X层，还用于接收来自第三接入层的组播通信的第二服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第二QoS状态信息包括第二距离指示信息，第二距离指示信息用于确定第六方面所述的通信装置与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。第三V2X层，还用于向第三接入层发送组播通信的第四QoS需求信息；其中，第四QoS需求信息属于至少两组候选QoS需求信息；第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离阈值，第四通信距离阈值大于第三通信距离阈值。
示例性地，第二距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第四终端的位置信息、通信装置与第四终端之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示通信装置与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计中，第三QoS需求信息还可以包括第三QoS需求参数；第二QoS状态信息还可以包括第三QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第四QoS需求信息可以包括第四QoS需求参数，第四QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第三QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第三QoS需求参数可以包括第三PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第四QoS需求参数可以包括第四PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第四PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第三PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第三QoS需求参数可以包括第三PC5口流比特速率，第四QoS需求参数可以包括第四PC5口流比特速率，第四PC5口流比特速率低于第三PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计中，第三V2X层，还用于接收来自第三应用层的选择指示；其中，选择指示用于指示第三V2X层从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择出一组QoS需求信息。
可选地，第六方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得第六方面所述的通信装置可以执行第三方面所述的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第六方面所述的通信装置可以是终端设备，也可以是设置于终端设备中的芯片或芯片系统，本申请对此不做限定。
第六方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第三方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第七方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置用于执行第一方面至第三方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置包括：处理器，该处理器与存储器耦合，存储器用于存储计算机程序；处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使 得该通信装置执行第一方面至第三方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
在一种可能的设计中，第八方面所述的通信装置还可以包括收发器。该收发器可以为收发电路或输入/输出端口。所述收发器可以用于该通信装置与其他通信装置通信。
在本申请中，第八方面所述的通信装置可以为终端设备和/或网络设备，或者设置于终端设备和/或网络设备内部的芯片或芯片系统。
第七方面或第八方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第一方面至第三方面中的任意一种实现方式所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第九方面，提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和输入/输出端口，所述处理器用于实现第一方面至第三方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法所涉及的处理功能，所述输入/输出端口用于实现第一方面至第三方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法所涉及的收发功能。
在一种可能的设计中，该芯片系统还包括存储器，该存储器用于存储实现第一方面或第二方面所涉及功能的程序指令和数据。
该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第十方面，提供一种通信系统。该系统包括多个终端设备，以及一个或多个网络设备。
第十一方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括：该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令；当该计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行第一方面至第三方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行第一方面至第三方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图一；
图2为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图二；
图3为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图一；
图4为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图一；
图5为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图二；
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图三；
图7为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图二；
图8为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图三。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如车联网通信系统、V2X通信系统、设备间(device-todevie，D2D)通信系统、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统，如新空口(new radio，NR)系统，及未来的通信系统，如第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信系统等。
本申请将围绕可包括多个设备、组件、模块等的系统来呈现各个方面、实施例或 特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个系统可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以使用这些方案的组合。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例地”、“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
本申请实施例中，“信息(information)”，“信号(signal)”，“消息(message)”，“信道(channel)”、“信令(singalling)”有时可以混用，应当指出的是，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。“的(of)”，“相应的(corresponding，relevant)”和“对应的(corresponding)”有时可以混用，应当指出的是，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。
本申请实施例中，有时候下标如W1可能会笔误为非下标的形式如W1，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本申请实施例中部分场景以图1所示的通信系统中的场景为例进行说明。应当指出的是，本申请实施例中的方案还可以应用于其他移动通信系统中，相应的名称也可以用其他移动通信系统中的对应功能的名称进行替代。
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先以图1中示出的通信系统为例详细说明适用于本申请实施例的通信系统。图1为本申请实施例提供的通信方法所适用的一种通信系统的架构示意图。如图1所示，该通信系统可以为一个组播组，该组播组包括多个终端，如第一终端、第二终端、第三终端。
在一种可能的设计中，以第一终端和第二终端为例，第一终端用于执行如下步骤：接收来自第二终端的组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息，并向第二终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。
相应地，第二终端用于执行如下步骤：向第一终端发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息，并接收来自第一终端的组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。其中，第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息，第一距离指示信息用于确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值；第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。
应理解，上述任一终端通常可以包括应用层、V2X层和接入层。因此，在另一种可能的设计中，在该任一终端根据获取到的QoS状态信息，获知该终端与其他终端之间的距离值大于之前组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的通信距离阈值之后，上述任一终端的V2X层也可以从其应用层组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的多组候选QoS需求信息中选择一组QoS需求信息，并下发给该终端的接入层；其中，后下发的QoS需求信息包括的通信距离阈值大于之前下发的通信距离阈值，从而达到调整QoS需求参数的目的。以图1所示的第三终端为例，第三终端包括第三应用层、第三 V2X层和第三接入层，第三V2X层用于执行如下步骤：接收来自第三应用层的组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息，并根据至少两组候选QoS需求信息，向第三接入层发送组播通信的第三QoS需求信息；其中，第三QoS需求信息包括第三通信距离阈值。然后，接收来自第三接入层的组播通信的第二服务质量QoS状态信息，并向第三接入层发送组播通信的第四QoS需求信息；其中，第二QoS状态信息包括第二距离指示信息，第二距离指示信息用于确定第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值，第四QoS需求信息属于至少两组候选QoS需求信息；第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离阈值，第四通信距离阈值大于第三通信距离阈值。
应理解，图1仅为便于理解而示例的简化示意图，该通信系统还可以包括网络设备，和/或，其他终端设备，图1中未予以画出。
上述网络设备可以包括位于上述通信系统的网络侧，且具有无线收发功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片或芯片系统，以及核心网设备，如第五代核心网中的网元。该网络设备包括但不限于：无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)，如家庭网关、路由器、服务器、交换机、网桥等，演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G，如，新空口(new radio，NR)系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)、具有基站功能的路边单元(road side unit，RSU)等。
上述终端设备为接入上述通信系统，且具有无线收发功能的终端或可设置于该终端的芯片或芯片系统。该终端设备也可以称为用户装置、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。本申请的实施例中的终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、车载终端、具有终端功能的RSU等。本申请的终端设备还可以是作为一个或多个部件或者单元而内置于车辆的车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元，车辆通过内置的所述车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元可以实施本申请提供的通信方法。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的通信方法，可以是用于图1所示的任意两个终端之间的组播通信。
图2为将图1所示的通信系统与5G核心网相结合的通信系统的一个示例。如图 2所示，该通信系统可以包括多个用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入网、核心网、数据网络(data network，DN)等。其中，核心网可以包括接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、UDR、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、(user plane function，UPF)网元、网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)、应用功能(application function，AF)网元等。下面结合图2，对本申请所涉及的网元进行介绍。
其中，UE可以称之为终端(terminal)，该终端可以支持V2X通信或者其他业务。如：用户设备支持接收或发送V2X消息，此时，该终端又可以称之为V2X终端。其中，V2X消息可以包括但不限于车辆对车辆(vehicle to vehicle，V2V)消息、车对人(vehicle to pedestrian，V2P)消息、车对网络(vehicle to network，V2N)消息、车与路面基础设施(vehicle to infrastructure，V2I)信息、车与车之间的防碰撞消息、娱乐应用消息、车与车之间交互的导航消息等。显然，图2所示终端可以包括但不限于车载终端、手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑或带无线收发功能的电脑、智能加油站、智能信号灯等等。
接入网可以包括一个或多个接入网设备。接入网设备负责无线资源管理，上下行数据分类和服务质量(quality of service，QoS)应用，以及与控制面(control plane)网元完成信令处理，与UPF网元完成数据转发等功能。例如，接入网设备可以是基站，宽带网络业务网关(broadband network gateway，BNG)，汇聚交换机，非3GPP接入设备等。基站可以包括各种形式的基站，例如：宏基站，微基站(也称为小站)，中继站，接入点等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。对于终端接入核心网的设备，在文中统一称之为接入网设备，不再进行说明。例如，接入网设备可以是4G网络中的演进型通用陆地无线接入网(evolved universal terrestrial radio access network，E-UTRAN)设备、5G网络中的下一代无线接入网(next generation radio access network，NG-RAN)设备等。
AMF网元，其主要功能包括无线接入网络控制平面的终结点，非接入信令的终结点，移动性管理，合法监听，接入授权\鉴权等等。
UPF网元，用于分组数据包的路由和转发，用户面数据的QoS控制、计费信息统计等。
SMF网元，用于会话管理，终端的互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址分配和管理，选择可管理用户平面功能，策略控制和收费功能接口的终结点，下行数据通知等。
PCF网元，用于管理网络行为，向终端，AMF网元，或SMF网元分别提供用户策略，接入和移动性(access and mobility，AM)管理策略以及会话管理(session management，SM)策略的相关参数。在V2X通信场景中，PCF网元向终端，接入网设备提供V2X通信相关的鉴权和策略参数等信息。
UDM网元，用于管理签约信息，并向相关网元提供签约信息等。
UDR网元，用于为PCF网元提供存储和检索服务，开放的结构化数据的存储和检索和应用功能请求的用户信息存储等。
NEF网元，连接核心网网元与外部应用服务器(application server)，当外部应用服务器向核心网发起业务请求时提供认证与数据转发等服务。
AF网元，可具体为应用所对应的应用服务器，如本地化的应用服务器。V2X应用服务器即可视为一种AF网元。
DN为用于传输数据的网络，例如因特网(internet)等。
终端与接入网设备的通信接口为Uu接口，终端与终端之间的通信接口为PC5接口。终端与传输数据网络之间的应用层面的传输接口为V1接口，终端间的应用传输接口为V5接口。
需要说明的是，除RAN之外的运营商网元构成的网络可以称为核心网，在4G网络中，其包括移动性管理实体(mobile managenment entity，MME)、业务网关(serving gateway，S-GW)、公用数据网(public data network gateway，P-GW)，归属签约用户服务器(home subscriber server，HSS)等网元，在5G网络中，其包括AMF网元，SMF网元，UPF网元，UDM网元，PCF网元等。图2中只是以5G网络进行示例，并不是对核心网网元的具体限定。
需要说明的是，本申请提及的组播组可以指的是组播通信群组，组播组用于组播通信，组播组可以包括两个或以上的终端。例如，在同一时段内，组播组中一个终端作为发送终端，该发送终端可以通过组播信道向该组播组中除该发送终端之外的其它终端发送组播业务数据，相应地，该组播组中除该发送终端之外的其它终端可以称之为接收终端。
需要指出的是，本申请实施例所应用的网络架构不限定图2所示的网络架构。此外，图2所示网络架构仅为示例性架构图，该通信系统包括的网元的数量、网元的类型以及网元名称均不做限定。例如，除图2所示的网络功能实体外，图2所示网络还可以包括其他功能实体。再例如，上述图2架构中的网元、各个网元的名字只是一个示例，具体实现中网元的名字以及协议层可以为其他名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
图3为可用于执行本申请实施例提供的通信方法的一种通信装置300的结构示意图。通信装置300可以是图1或图2中所示的任一终端设备，也可以是应用于图1或图2中所示的任一终端设备中的芯片或者其他具有终端功能的部件。如图3所示，通信装置300可以包括处理器301和存储器302。可选地，通信装置300还可以包括收发器303。其中，处理器301与存储器302和收发器303耦合，如可以通过通信总线连接。
下面结合图3对通信装置300的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
处理器301是通信装置300的控制中心，可以是一个处理器，也可以是多个处理元件的统称。例如，处理器301是一个或多个中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，也可以是特定集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或者是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个微处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)。
其中，处理器301可以通过运行或执行存储在存储器302内的软件程序，以及调 用存储在存储器302内的数据，执行通信装置300的各种功能。例如，通信装置300可以执行下述图4或图5中第一终端的功能。又例如，通信装置300也可以执行下述图4或图5中第二终端的功能。再例如，通信装置300还可以执行下述图6中第三终端的功能。
在具体的实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器301可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图3中所示的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信装置300也可以包括多个处理器，例如图3中所示的处理器301和处理器304。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核处理器(single-CPU)，也可以是一个多核处理器(multi-CPU)。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个通信设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
存储器302可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储通信设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储通信设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储通信设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器302可以和处理器301集成在一起，也可以独立存在，并通过通信装置300的输入/输出端口(图3中未示出)与处理器301耦合，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
其中，所述存储器302用于存储执行本申请方案的软件程序，并由处理器301来控制执行。上述具体实现方式可以参考下述方法实施例，此处不再赘述。
收发器303，用于与其他通信装置之间的通信。例如，通信装置300可以为终端设备，收发器303可以用于与网络设备通信，或者与另一个终端设备通信。此外，收发器303可以包括接收器和发送器(图3中未单独示出)。其中，接收器用于实现接收功能，发送器用于实现发送功能。收发器303可以和处理器301集成在一起，也可以独立存在，并通过通信装置300的输入/输出端口(图3中未示出)与处理器301耦合，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，图3中示出的通信装置300的结构并不构成对该通信装置的限定，实际的通信装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
下面将结合图4-图6对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行具体阐述。
图4为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图一。该通信方法可以适用于图1或如2所示的组播组中的不同终端之间的组播通信。
下面以图1所示的第一终端和第二终端为例，其中，第一终端可以是组播组中的发送终端，第二终端为该组播组中的任意一个接收终端，详细说明图4所示的通信方法。如图4所示，该通信方法包括如下S401-S404：
S401，第二终端发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
相应地，第一终端接收组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
其中，第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息。
其中，第一距离指示信息可以用于确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于该组播组内组播通信的第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。第一距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第二终端的位置信息、第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值。
其中，第一QoS需求信息为该组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息，可以用于指示该组播组内进行组播通信的QoS需求，该QoS需求可以称之为第一QoS需求。
其中，第一通信距离阈值用于表征该第一QoS需求对应的该组播组内发送终端与接收终端之间的最大通信距离。例如，当该组播组内发送终端A与接收终端B之间的距离大于该第一通信距离阈值时，接收终端B从发送终端A接收到的组播业务数据可能无法满足该第一QoS需求，具体地，无法满足该第一QoS需求中的部分需求或全部需求。
其中，超距离指示用于指示第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
其中，第二终端的位置信息可以用于指示第二终端所处的位置。该位置信息可以是地理坐标，例如，经纬度、通过全球卫星导航系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)获取的定位值；也可以是第二终端所处的小区、基站、服务区、跟踪区，相应地，该位置信息可以为小区标识(cell identifier)、基站标识(base station identifier)、服务区标识(service area identifier,SAI)、或跟踪区标识(tracking area identifier，TAI)等。
可选地，在网络覆盖区域，该第二终端的位置信息也可以先上报给网络，如通过位置更新流程将该终端的位置信息上报给网络，然后由网络下发给组播组内的所有终端。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提及的其它任一终端的位置信息均可以参考该第二终端的位置信息的相关描述，不再赘述。
其中，步骤S401可以替换为：当第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值时，第二终端向第一终端发送组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息。
示例性地，对于组播组内的任一接收终端，如第二终端，可以依据该第一QoS需求对应的该组播组内组播通信的最大通信距离，例如，第一通信距离阈值，确定其反馈策略。如图1所示，若第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值小于第一通信距离阈值，则第二终端向第一终端发送反馈信息，如混合自动重传请求确认消息(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement，HARQ ACK)或混合自动重传请求否定消息(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Negative Acknowledgement，HARQ NACK)，否则第二终端向第一终端发送组播通信的第一距离指示信息。
S402，第一终端根据第一距离指示信息，确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，假设步骤S401中第二终端向第一终端发送第二终端的位置信息，那么步骤S402中第一终端根据自身的位置信息和第二终端的位置信息， 确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值，并确定该距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
在第二种可能的实现方式中，假设步骤S401中第二终端向第一终端发送第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值，那么步骤S402中第一终端确定该距离值是否大于第一通信距离阈值。
其中，上述距离值可以是由第二终端根据自身的位置信息和第一终端的位置信息确定的。第一终端可以向第二终端发送第一终端的位置信息，以便第二终端确定该距离值。
在第三种可能的实现方式中，假设步骤S401中第二终端向第一终端发送超距离指示，那么步骤S402可以根据超距离指示，获知第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
具体的，第二终端在根据其自身的位置信息和第一终端的位置信息确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值之后，可以不向第一终端发送该距离值，而是判断该距离值是否大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。若是，则第二终端向第一终端发送超距离指示。例如，超距离指示可以是1比特(bit)的指示信息。当然，超距离指示也可以是其他形式的指示信息，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
需要指出的是，当采用S402中的第三种可能的实现方式时，步骤S402可以省略，即S402为可选步骤。
需要说明的是，假设第一终端没有向第二终端发送第一终端的位置信息，那么第二终端可以根据其接收到的第一终端的信号强度(例如，接收功率)确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值。其中，第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值可以采用如下公式获得：
d＝P α                  (公式一)。
其中，d为第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值(单位：米)，P为第二终端接收到的第一终端的信号强度(单位：毫瓦)，α为根据不同通信场景设置的大于0的路径损耗参数，如α可以为4。
此外，上述第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值，可以是数值，也可以与该数值一一对应的距离索引或距离等级，还可以是与该距离值一一对应的信道质量索引或等级、信号强度索引或等级、信号质量索引或等级等用于表示信道质量、信号强度、信号质量的数值或索引。其中，信道质量、信号强度、信号质量等可以由终端测量得到。本申请实施例对于第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值的具体实现形式，不做任何限定。
S403，第一终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。
其中，第二QoS需求信息可以用于更新该组播组内组播通信的QoS需求。该第二QoS需求信息可以用于指示第二QoS需求。
其中，第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。其中，第二通信距离阈值用于表征该第二QoS需求对应的该组播组内发送终端与接收终端之间的最大通信距离。
此外，该第二通信距离阈值小于该组播组内组播通信的最大允许通信距离值或最大支持通信距离值。其中，当该组播组内发送终端A与接收终端B之间的距离大于该最大允许通信距离值或最大支持通信距离值时，发送终端A与接收终端B之间无法进 行该组播组内的组播通信。此外，该最大允许通信距离值或最大支持通信距离值可以由网络侧设备(例如，应用服务器)发送给该发送终端。
需要说明的是，组播组内的发送终端可以对QoS需求中的该组播组内组播通信的最大通信距离进行动态调整，该最大通信距离可以设置为第一通信距离阈值或第二通信距离阈值。具体的，发送终端可以通过组播业务数据包将组播通信的第二QoS需求信息发送给该组播组内的接收终端。
需要指出的是，当S402中采用的第三种可能的实现方式时，步骤S402可以省略，即S402为可选步骤，相应地，步骤S403可以替换为：第一终端根据超距离指示，发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。
S404，第二终端接收来自第一终端的组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，并根据该第二QoS需求信息更新该组播组内组播通信的QoS需求。
示例性地，如图1所示，假定第一通信距离阈值为图中实线所对应的距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值为图中虚线所对应的距离阈值，即第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。倘若第二终端位于图1所示的实线所对应的区域之外，即第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值，则第一通信距离阈值已经不能满足第二终端对于该组播组内组播通信的距离要求。第二终端在发送给第一终端的第一QoS状态信息中携带第一距离指示信息，相应地，第一终端可以根据第一距离指示信息将第一通信距离阈值调整为(图1中虚线所对应的)第二通信距离阈值，并将该第二通信距离阈值发送给第二终端，以便第二终端根据第二通信距离阈值，实现该组播组内的组播通信。
进一步地，对于组播组内的任一接收终端，如第二终端，可以依据第二QoS需求对应的该组播组内组播通信的最大通信距离，例如，第二通信距离阈值，确定其反馈策略。如图1所示，若第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值小于第二通信距离阈值，则第二终端向第一终端发送反馈信息，如HARQ ACK或HARQ NACK，否则第二终端向第一终端发送距离指示信息，该距离指示信息可以用于确定第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第二通信距离阈值。
需要说明的是，第二终端实际使用的通信距离阈值也可以为多个。例如，第二QoS需求信息可以包括多个通信距离阈值，如第一通信距离阈值和第二通信距离阈值，或者虽然第二QoS需求信息只包括一个通信距离阈值，如第二通信距离阈值，但是第二终端同时使用第二QoS需求信息中的第二通信距离阈值和第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，来确定组播组内位于不同区域的接收终端的反馈策略。假定第一通信距离阈值和第二通信距离阈值仍然为图1所示的第一通信距离阈值和第二通信距离阈值，则对于组播组内与第一终端之间的距离值小于第一通信距离阈值的接收终端，可以不发送任何反馈信息，对于组播组内与第一终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值，且小于第二通信距离阈值的接收终端，可以向第一终端发送HARQ ACK或HARQ NACK，对于组播组内与第一终端之间的距离值大于第二通信距离阈值的接收终端，可以向第一终端发送组播通信的第一距离指示信息。
在现有技术中，当第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的最大通信距离时，第二终端不会向第一终端反馈任何信息。在此情 况下，第一终端无法根据当前的组播通信状态调整QoS需求信息，从而导致组播通信的可靠性较差。而在本申请实施例中，当第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于组播组内组播通信QoS需求信息中的最大通信距离时，第二终端能够向第一终端发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息，使得第一终端能够根据调整后的第二通信距离阈值更新组播通信的QoS需求参数，从而实现组播通信的QoS需求的适应性调整，可以达到调整组播通信质量的目的，能够提高组播通信的可靠性。
可选地，在上述实施例的一种可能的设计方法中，第二QoS需求信息还可以包括第二QoS需求参数，第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。其中，第二QoS需求参数是根据当前组播通信的QoS状态做出调整后的QoS需求，可以满足当前组播通信的实际通信需求，从而进一步提高组播通信的可靠性。例如，第一QoS需求参数包括第一MCS(Modulation and Coding Scheme，调制和编码方案)，且第一MCS对应的码率较高，由于当前组播通信的新到质量较差，导致误码率较高而不能正常通信。在此情况下，第一终端可以将码率较高的第一MCS调整为码率较低的第二MCS，从而确保第一终端与第二终端可以较低码率继续通信，从而进一步提高组播通信的可靠性。
需要说明的是，第一通信距离阈值可以对应第一QoS需求参数，第二通信距离阈值可以对应第二QoS需求参数。该第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求高于该第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
例如，第一终端可以接收来自网络侧设备(例如，应用服务器)的对应关系，该对应关系可以为距离阈值与QoS需求参数之间的对应关系。具体地，该对应关系可以包括第一通信距离阈值与第一QoS需求参数之间的对应关系，以及第二通信距离阈值与第二QoS需求参数之间的对应关系。
例如，第一通信距离阈值为500米，其对应的第一QoS需求参数集合{第一丢包率，第一时延，第一带宽}可以为：{0.01％,50ms,40MHz}。相应地，第二通信距离阈值阈值1000米，第二QoS需求参数集合{第二丢包率，第二时延，第二带宽}可以为{1％,100ms,20MHz}。其中，第二丢包率大于第一丢包率，第二时延大于第一时延，第二带宽小于第一带宽。
示例性地，第二QoS需求参数可以包括：第二PC5口服务质量标识PC5 5G服务质量标识(PC5 5G QoS identifier，PQI)、第二PC5口流比特速率、当前组播业务所要求的第二QoS需求参数集合，如第二时延、第二丢包率、第二带宽等。相应地，第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求，可以包括如下一项或多项：第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求、第二PC5口流比特速率低于第一PC5口流比特速率、第二时延大于第一时延、第二丢包率大于第一丢包率、第二带宽小于第一带宽。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数包括的第一QoS需求参数集合{第一丢包率，第一时延，第一带宽}可以为：{0.01％,50ms,40MHz}，第二QoS需求参数包括的第二QoS需求参数集合{第二丢包率，第二时延，第二带宽}可以为{1％,100ms,20MHz}，且第二丢包率大于第一丢包率，第二时延大于第一时延，第二带宽小于第一带宽。其中，ms为毫秒(milisecond)，MHz为兆赫兹(mega herts)。若第二终端检测到如下一项或 多项：实际丢包率小于第一丢包率、实际时延小于第一时延、实际带宽小于第一带宽，则第一终端在接收到第二终端发送的组播通信的第一QoS状态信息包括第二终端的上述检测结果中的一项或多项，则第一终端可以将第一QoS需求参数集合调整为第二QoS需求参数。其中，实际丢包率大于第二丢包率、实际时延大于第二时延、实际带宽小于第二带宽。
可选地，在上述实施例的一种可能的设计方法中，第一QoS需求信息还包括第一QoS需求参数，第一QoS状态信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数中未被满足的一项或多项QoS需求参数。其中，第一QoS需求参数可以包括：第一PC5口服务质量标识PC5 5G服务质量标识(PC5 5G QoS identifier，PQI)、第一PC5口流比特速率、当前组播业务所要求的第一QoS需求参数集合，如第一时延、第一丢包率、第一带宽等。
可选地，在上述实施例的一种可能的设计方法中，第一终端可以包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层，上述S401中第一终端接收组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息可以包括：第一应用层接收来自应用服务器的组播通信的第一QoS状态信息；或者，第一应用层经由第一V2X层和第一接入层，接收来自第二终端的组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
相应地，第二终端可以包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层，上述S401中，第二终端发送组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息可以包括：第二应用层向应用服务器，如AF网元发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息；或者，第二应用层经由第二V2X层和第二接入层，向第一终端发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。具体实现可以参考图5所示的通信方法，此处不再赘述。
可选地，在上述实施例的一种可能的设计方法中，第一终端包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层，第二终端包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层，上述S403中第一终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，可以包括如下一项或多项：第一应用层经由第一V2X层，向第一接入层发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；第一应用层经由第一V2X层和第一接入层，向第二终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。相应地，上述S404中，第二终端接收组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，可以包括：第二应用层经由第二V2X层和第二接入层，接收来自第二终端的组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。具体实现可以参考下述图5所示的通信方法，此处不再赘述。
可选地，在上述实施例的一种实施场景中，在执行S401之前，第一终端与第二终端之间已经基于第一QoS需求信息进行组播通信，也就是说，图4所示的通信方法还可以包括如下步骤一和步骤二：
步骤一，第一终端向第二终端发送组播通信的第一QoS需求信息。
相应地，第二终端接收来自第一终端的组播通信的第一QoS需求信息。
步骤二，第一终端通过组播信道发送组播业务数据包。
相应地，第二终端接收来自第一终端的组播业务数据包。
其中，组播信道指的是用于传输该组播组的组播业务数据的无线资源，例如，物理侧行共享信道(physical sidelink shared channel，PSSCH)。
示例性地，在基于PC5的车辆间直接通信过程中，第一终端可以使用网络设备为其分配的无线资源或由第一终端从网络设备预配置的无线资源池中选择的资源进行组 播通信。其中，网络设备可以为接入网网元(如基站)，也可以为核心网网元，如上述图2中的策略与控制功能(policy control funtion，PCF)网元、应用功能(application function，AF)网元等。
具体地，在使用PC5接口进行组播通信时，第一终端可以通过PSSCH发送组播业务数据包，而在与PSSCH相关联的物理侧行控制信道(physical sidelink control channel，PSCCH)上发送用于接收和解码PSSCH的侧行链路控制信息(sidelink control information，SCI)。该SCI可以包括上述第一QoS需求信息或第二QoS需求信息。此外，SCI还可以包括如下一项或多项：承载组播业务数据包的PSSCH无线资源信息、第一终端的位置信息等。进一步地，第二终端可以在物理侧行链路反馈信道(physical sidelink feedback channel，PSFCH)上发送反馈信息，该反馈信息可以用于指示是否接收到PSSCH承载的组播业务数据包，或者第一QoS状态信息。例如，该反馈信息可以是混合自动重传请求(hybrid automatic repeat request，HARQ)的肯定应答(acknowledgement，ACK)或否定应答(negative acknowledgement，NACK)。第一终端可以根据该反馈信息调整该组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息，以满足第一终端的组播业务所要求的QoS需求。
可选地，在上述实施例的一种实施例场景中，在执行S401-S404之后，还包括实现第一终端与第二终端之间的组播通信，即图4所示的通信方法还可以包括如下步骤三：
步骤三，第一终端向第二终端发送组播业务数据包。
相应地，第二终端接收来自第一终端的组播业务数据包。
具体实现可以参考上述步骤二的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，上述任一终端可以包括应用层、V2X层和接入层。示例性地，第一终端包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层，第二终端包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层。下面将结合终端中的协议层，对图4所示的通信方法作进一步描述。
下面以图1中所示的第一终端和第二终端各自包括应用层、V2X层和接入层为例，对图4所示的通信方法进行详细说明，具体参见图5所示的通信方法。
图5为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图二。该通信方法为图4所示的通信方法在终端的协议层粒度上的一个具体示例。如图5所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S501A，第一应用层向第一V2X层发送组播通信的第一QoS需求信息。
相应地，第一V2X层接收来自第一应用层的组播通信的第一QoS需求信息。
其中，第一QoS需求信息的内容可以参考图4所示实施例中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
可选地，除第一QoS需求信息外，第一应用层还可以像第一V2X层发送组播组信息。相应地，第一V2X层接收来自第一应用层的组播组信息。
其中，组播组信息可以包括以下至少一项：组播组标识、组成员标识、组成员数量、目的层2标识(layer-2 identifier，L2标识)等。其中，组播组标识用于区分不同的组播组，可以包括该组播组的组标识(group identifier)、互联网协议地址、MAC地 址等。组成员标识用于区分该组播组内的不同终端，可以包括组播组内任一终端的用户名、IP地址、MAC地址等。组成员数量是指该组播组包含的成员的数量，通常为大于或等于3的正整数。目的层2标识是指该组播组内接收终端的MAC地址。需要说明的是，S501A为可选步骤，即第一应用层也可以不向第一V2X层发送组播组信息和第一QoS需求信息。在此情况下，步骤S501A可以替换为：第一V2X层根据来自第一应用层的组播业务数据包中携带的V2X应用或服务类型，获得组播组信息和第一QoS需求信息。
其中，V2X应用或服务类型可以为：服务提供者标识(provider service identifier，PSID)或智能运输系统应用标识(intelligent transport system application identifier，ITS-AID)或其他可以指示具体V2X应用或服务类型的信息。
示例性地，第一V2X层可以根据组播业务数据包中携带的V2X应用或服务类型，查询对应关系，获得组播组信息和第一QoS需求信息。上述对应关系可以包括如下一项或多项：V2X应用或服务类型与组播组信息中的目的L2标识的对应关系、V2X应用或服务类型与QoS需求参数的对应关系、V2X应用或服务类型与最大通信距离的对应关系。其中，同一V2X应用或服务类型对应的QoS需求参数和最大通信距离所组成的参数集合，可以是上述第一QoS需求信息或第二QoS需求信息。
在本申请实施例中，第一终端可以通过如下方式获取上述对应关系：
方式一，第一终端在向无线网络申请使用PC5V2X通信时，无线网络中的PCF网元或AF网元可以将用于PC5通信的策略和参数(该参数包括上述对应关系，还可以包括允许使用PC5通信的地理位置信息以及频段信息等)发送给第一终端。
具体地，如图2所示，PCF网元可以通过接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元的N1接口将这些策略和参数发送给第一终端。
方式二，AF网元将用于PC5通信的策略和参数(该参数包括上述对应关系，还可以包括允许使用PC5通信的地理位置信息以及频段信息等)发送给统一数据存储(unified data repository，UDR)网元，UDR网元存储该策略和参数。然后PCF网元可以从UDR网元中读取该策略和参数，并通过AMF网元的N1接口发送给第一终端。
方式三，AF网元直接通过V1接口，将用于PC5通信的策略和参数(该参数包括上述对应关系，还可以包括允许使用PC5通信的地理位置信息以及频段信息等)发送给第一终端。
S502A，第一V2X层向第一接入层发送组播通信的第一QoS需求信息。
相应地，第一接入层接收来自第一V2X层的组播通信的第一QoS需求信息。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第一V2X层可以直接将第一QoS需求信息下发给第一接入层。
在另一种可能的设计方法中，第一应用层也可以根据组播组信息，如应用或服务类型，在对应关系中查询第一QoS需求信息的具体内容，如对应的QoS需求参数、最大通信距离阈值等，以及组播组信息，如组播通信的目的L2标识，并下发给第一应用层。具体查询方法可以参考S501A中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
S501B，第二应用层向第二V2X层发送组播组信息。
相应地，第二V2X层接收来自第二应用层的组播组信息。
S502B，第二V2X层向第二接入层发送组播组信息。
相应地，第二接入层接收来自第二V2X层的组播组信息。
作为组播业务数据包的接收终端的第二终端，与作为组播业务数据包的发送终端的第一终端不同，第二终端的应用层经由其V2X层向其接入层发送上述组播组信息。
需要指出的是，第一QoS需求信息可由第二接入层通过解析承载组播业务数据包的PSSCH对应的PSCCH承载的SCI信息获取，具体可以参考现有实现方式，此处不再赘述。
S503，第一接入层向第二接入层发送组播业务数据包。
示例性地，第一接入层根据QoS需求信息中的PQI值使用网络或设备预设的调制与编码方案对数据包进行编码并发送。
相应地，第二接入层接收来自第一接入层的组播业务数据包。
示例性地，第二接入层可以根据QoS需求信息中的PQI值解析PSCCH携带的调制与编码方案，并根据该调制与编码方案对数据包进行解调和译码，从而获取数据包的内容。
S504，第二接入层向第一接入层发送HARQ ACK或HARQ NACK。
相应地，第一接入层接收来自第二接入层的HARQ ACK或HARQ NACK。
具体地，S504可以包括：第二接入层可以判断第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值是否大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，并根据判断结果确定向第一接入层发送反馈信息。例如，若第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值小于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，且解析组播业务数据包失败，则第二接入层可以向第一接入层发送HARQ NACK。若第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，且解析组播业务数据包成功，则第二接入层可以向第一接入层发送HARQ ACK。
应理解，第二接入层采用的反馈机制，如反馈HARQ ACK，还是反馈HARQ NACK，可以预先设定，本申请实施例对此不做任何限定。
S505，第二接入层向第一接入层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
相应地，第一接入层接收组播通信的第一QoS状态信息，并经由第一V2X层，向第一应用层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
在一个示例中，S505中的第二接入层向第一接入层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息可以包括：若第二接入层判断第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，则向第一接入层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
需要说明的是，即使第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，第二接入层仍然有可能成功解析组播业务数据包。此外，即使第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值小于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，第二接入层也有可能解析组播业务数据包失败。因此，在另一个示例中，步骤S505中的第二接入层向第一接入层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息可以包括：若第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，且解析组播业务数据包失败，则第二接入层向第一接入层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息；否则不发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。在该示例中将上述距离判断结果和组播业务数 据包解析结果结合起来，可以进一步提高第一终端调整组播通信的QoS需求的准确性。
S506，第二接入层经由第二V2X层向第二应用层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息，第二应用层向第一应用层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
具体地，S506中第二接入层向第二V2X层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息可以包括：若第二接入层判断第一终端与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值，则向第二V2X层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。判断方法具体可以参考图4所示的实施例，此处不再赘述。
具体地，S506中第二应用层向第一应用层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息可以包括：第二应用层通过V1接口向应用服务器或AF网元发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息，然后应用服务器(可以为第三方部署的应用服务器，或者运营商部署的AF网元)通过UPF网元、下一代(无线)接入网(next generation(radio)access network，NG-(R)AN)网元向第一应用层发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
在执行上述S505或S506之后，上述方法还可以包括：第一应用层生成第二QoS需求信息。具体可以参考图4所示实施例中的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
然后，第一应用层可以再次执行上述S501A、S502A和S503，将第二QoS需求信息经由第一V2X层下发给第一接入层，然后由第一接入层通过组播业务数据包发送给第二接入层，从而达到动态调整组播通信质量的目的。
基于图4或图5所示的通信方法，第一终端能够根据第二终端提供的第一距离指示信息，获知其与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值，并据此将组播组内组播通信的最大通信距离由第一通信距离阈值调整为第二通信距离阈值，其中，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值，能够解决由于无法获取实际距离大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的最大通信距离的终端之间的组播通信状态，所导致的无法调整组播通信的QoS需求信息的问题，能够提高组播通信的可靠性。
需要说明的是，在图4或图5所示的通信方法中，均是以第一应用层作为组播通信的QoS需求信息的调整主体为例进行说明的。在另一种可能的设计方法中，也可以第一V2X层作为组播通信的QoS需求信息的调整主体。下面具体说明。
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图三。该通信方法可以适用于图1或2所示的组播组中的任一终端，如图1中的第三终端，该任一终端与该组播组内的其他终端，如第四终端(图1中未示出)之间存在组播通信。该任一终端包括应用层、V2X层和接入层，如第三终端包括第三应用层、第三V2X层和第三接入层。下面以图1所示的第三终端为例，详细说明图6所示的通信方法。
如图6所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S601，第三应用层向第三V2X层发送组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息。相应地，第三V2X层接收来自第三应用层的组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息。
其中，每组候选QoS需求信息的内容可以参考上述第一QoS需求信息的内容，此处不再赘述。
S602，第三V2X层根据至少两组候选QoS需求信息，向第三接入层发送组播通信的第三QoS需求信息。相应地，第三接入层接收来自第三V2X层的组播通信的第 三QoS需求信息。
其中，第三QoS需求信息包括第三通信距离阈值。
可选地，第三QoS需求信息还可以包括第三QoS需求参数。示例性地，第三QoS需求参数可以包括如下一项或多项：第三PC5口服务质量标识PC5 5G服务质量标识(PC5 5G QoS identifier，PQI)、第三PC5口流比特速率、当前组播业务所要求的第三QoS需求参数集合，如第三时延、第三丢包率、第三带宽等。
在一种可能的设计方法中，图6所示的通信方法还可以包括：第三V2X层接收来自第三应用层的选择指示。其中，选择指示用于指示第三V2X层从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择出一组QoS需求信息。也就是说，第三应用层可以显式地指示第三V2X层从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择一组作为第三QoS需求信息，并下发给第三接入层。
在另一种可能的设计方法中，第三应用层也可以不下发该选择指示。也就是说，倘若第三应用层下发给第三V2X层的候选QoS需求信息为多组，则可以视为第三应用层已经下发了该选择指示。也就是说，第三应用层也可以使用至少两组候选QoS需求信息本身隐式地指示第三V2X层从至少两组候选QoS中选择一组作为第三QoS需求信息，并下发给第三接入层。
S603，第三接入层基于第三QoS需求信息，实现与第四终端之间的组播通信。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第三终端可以为发送终端，第四终端为接收终端，第三QoS需求信息用于第三接入层向第四终端发送组播业务数据包，并接收来自第四终端的反馈信息或第二服务质量QoS状态信息。
或者，在另一种可能的设计方法中，第三终端也可以为接收终端，第四终端为发送终端，第三QoS需求信息用于第三接入层接收来自第四终端的组播业务数据包，并向第四终端发送反馈信息或第二服务质量QoS状态信息。
也就是说，第三终端可以为组播组内的发送终端，也可以为组播组内的接收终端，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
关于组播通信的具体实现方式，可以参考图4所示的方法实施例的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
S604，第三接入层向第三V2X层发送组播通信的第二QoS状态信息。相应地，第三V2X层接收来自第三接入层的组播通信的第二QoS状态信息。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第三终端可以为发送终端，第四终端为接收终端，第二QoS状态信息可以是第三接入层接收的、来自第四终端的接入层的QoS状态信息。
或者，在另一种可能的设计方法中，第三终端也可以为接收终端，第四终端为发送终端，第二QoS状态信息也可以是第三接入层测量得到的QoS状态信息。
其中，第二QoS状态信息包括第二距离指示信息，第二距离指示信息用于确定第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。示例性地，第二距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第四终端的位置信息、第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。关于第二距离指示信息的具体内容，可以参考上述第一距离指示信息，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，倘若第二距离指示信息不包括超距离指示，例如只包括第四终端的位置信息或者第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值，图6所示的通信方法还可以包括S605：
S605，第三V2X层根据第二距离指示信息，确定第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。
示例性地，第三V2X层可以判断第二距离指示信息中的第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值是否大于第三通信距离阈值，进而得知第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。或者，第三V2X层也可以根据第二距离指示信息中的第四终端的位置信息，并结合第三终端的位置信息计算第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值，然后判断该距离值是否大于第三通信距离，进而得知该距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。
也就是说，在图6所示的通信方法中，根据第二距离指示信息，确定第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值这一操作可以由第四终端执行并将判断结果(超距离指示)通知第三终端，也可以由第三终端根据第四终端提供的第三终端与第四终端之间的距离值或者第四终端的位置信息自行判断，即S605可以视为可选步骤。
S606，第三V2X层从至少两组QoS需求信息中选择第四QoS需求信息。
其中，第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离阈值，第四通信距离阈值大于第三通信距离阈值。关于第四通信距离阈值与第三通信距离阈值之间的大小关系，可以参考S402中第二通信距离阈值与第一通信距离阈值之间的大小关系，此处不再赘述。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第四QoS需求信息还可以包括第四QoS需求参数，第四QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第三QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第四QoS需求参数可以包括如下一项或多项：第四PC5口服务质量标识PC5 5G服务质量标识(PC5 5G QoS identifier，PQI)、第四PC5口流比特速率、当前组播业务所要求的第四QoS需求参数集合，如第四时延、第四丢包率、第四带宽等。相应地，第四QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求，可以包括如下一项或多项：第四PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第三PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求、第四PC5口流比特速率低于第三PC5口流比特速率、第四时延大于第三时延、第四丢包率大于第三丢包率、第四带宽小于第三带宽。
具体地，第三终端可以根据第三终端是发送终端，还是接收终端，以及第二QoS状态信息的数量，分别针对如下场景，从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择第四QoS需求信息：
场景1：第三终端为接收终端，第二QoS状态信息为第三接入层测量并上报给第三V2X层的QoS状态信息，即只包括第三终端这一个接收终端与发送终端之间的QoS状态信息，则第三V2X层可以从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择可满足第三终端与发送终端之间的QoS需求的一组候选QoS需求信息作为第四QoS需求信息，并下发给第三接入层，即执行下述S607。
场景2：第三终端为发送终端，且第三V2X层接收到的第二QoS状态信息为一个，即只有一个接收终端向第三终端发送了组播通信的第二QoS状态信息，则第三V2X层可以从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择可满足第三终端与该一个接收终端 之间的QoS需求的一组候选QoS需求信息作为第四QoS需求信息，并下发给第三接入层，即执行下述S607。
场景3，第三终端为发送终端，且第三V2X层接收到的第二QoS状态信息为多个，即存在多个接收终端向第三终端发送了组播通信的第二QoS状态信息，第三V2X层可以从至少两组候选QoS需求信息选择一组可满足所有接收终端的QoS需求的一组候选QoS需求信息作为第四QoS需求信息，并发送给第三接入层，即可选地，图6所示的通信方法还包括下述S607。关于S607的详细内容，请参考下文实施例，此处不再赘述。
其中，上述可满足所有接收终端的QoS需求可以包括：第四通信距离阈值大于所有接收终端要求的最大通信距离，如第四通信距离阈值可以为所有接收终端要求的最大通信距离中的最大值。例如，3个接收终端要求的最大通信距离分别为：500米、600米、1000米，则第四通信距离可以为1000米，也可以为大于1000米的距离值，如1200米。
第四QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于所有接收终端要求的第三QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求中的最低需求。例如，3个接收终端要求的最小时延分别为：50ms、60ms、80ms，则第四时延可以为80ms，也可以为大于80ms的时延值，如100ms。
场景4，第三终端为发送终端，且第三V2X层接收到的第二QoS状态信息为多个，即存在多个接收终端向第三终端发送了组播通信的第二QoS状态信息，且第三V2X层发现至少两组候选QoS需求信息中不存在可满足所有接收终端的QoS需求的一组候选QoS需求信息，则第三V2X层可以向第三应用层发送不满足的QoS需求参数，由第三应用层决定是否调整QoS需求信息，以及从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择哪一组候选QoS需求信息作为第四QoS需求信息，即可选地，图6所示的通信方法还可以包括下述S608-S609。关于S608-S609的详细内容，请参考下文实施例，此处不再赘述。
S607，第三V2X层向第三接入层发送组播通信的第四QoS需求信息。相应地，第三接入层接收来自第三V2X层的组播通信的第四QoS需求信息。
其中，第四QoS需求信息可以用于替换之前的第三QoS需求信息，用于第三终端与组播组内的其他终端，如第四终端之间的通信。
S608，第三V2X层向第三应用层发送组播通信的QoS需求调整请求。相应地，第三应用层接收来自第三V2X层的组播通信的QoS需求调整请求。
其中，QoS需求调整请求承载如下信息：一个或多个接收终端的QoS需求中不能被满足的QoS需求对应的最大通信距离和/或QoS需求参数、或者最大通信距离的索引和/或QoS需求参数的索引、或者最大通信距离的索引和/或QoS需求参数、或者最大通信距离和/或QoS需求参数的索引。此外，可选地，QoS需求调整请求还承载至少一项不能被满足的QoS需求的接收终端的身份信息，如终端标识。
需要说明的是，对于不同的接收终端，不能被满足的QoS需求信息可能是不同的。例如，第三通信距离阈值小于接收终端1所要求的最大通信距离阈值，第三带宽小于接收终端2所要求的系统带宽等。
在一种可能的设计方法中，第三应用层可以决定不调整QoS需求，即第三终端仍 然基于第三QoS需求信息，继续与第一终端实现组播通信。
在另一种可能的设计方法中，第三应用层可以决定调整QoS需求，并从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择一组候选QoS需求信息作为第四QoS需求信息。鉴于此时至少两组候选QoS需求信息中不存在可满足所有接收终端的QoS需求的候选QoS需求信息，第三应用层可以根据如下一项或多项规则从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择一组候选QoS需求信息作为第四QoS需求信息：
可满足的参数数量最多、可满足的接收终端的数量最多、优先保证高优先级的QoS需求被满足。
S609，第三应用层经由第三V2X层，向第三接入层发送组播通信的第四QoS需求信息。相应地，第三接入层经由第三V2X层，接收来自第三应用层的组播通信的第四QoS需求信息。
需要说明的是，在执行S607或S609之后，即已完成QoS需求信息的更新，即从第三QoS需求信息调整为第四QoS需求信息，然后即可执行下述S610：
S610，第三接入层基于第四QoS需求信息，实现与第四终端之间的组播通信。
具体实现可以参考上述S603，此处不再赘述。
基于图6或图7所示的通信方法，组播组内的任一终端，如第三终端的V2X层能够根据其接入层提供的第二距离指示信息，获知其与组播组内的第四终端之间的距离值大于组播组内组播通信的QoS需求信息中的第三通信距离阈值，并据此从其应用层配置的至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择一组作为第四QoS需求信息下发给其接入层，以便第三终端可以根据第四QoS需求信息与组播组内的第四终端实现组播通信；其中，第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离，且第四通信距离大于第三通信距离，从而实现组播通信的QoS需求的动态调整，以提高组播通信的可靠性。
需要说明的是，上述图4-图6中任一项所示的通信方法中，发送终端通常为一个，而接收终端可以为一个，也可以为多个，本申请实施例对于接收终端的数量，不做具体限定。
以上结合图4-图6详细说明了本申请实施例提供的通信方法。以下结合图7-图8详细说明本申请实施例提供的另两种通信装置。
图7是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图二。该通信装置属于组播组，该通信装置可以作为第一终端，与该组播组中的第二终端通信，即该通信装置可用于执行上述方法实施例中第一终端的功能。或者，该通信装置可以作为第二终端，与该组播组内的第一终端通信，即该通信装置可以执行上述方法实施例中第二终端的功能。下面分别说明。
在一些实施例中，该通信装置可适用于图1或图2所示出的通信系统中，执行图4或图5所示的通信方法中第一终端的功能。为了便于说明，图7仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
如图7所示，通信装置700包括：处理模块701和收发模块702。
其中，收发模块702，用于接收组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息。
处理模块701，用于根据第一距离指示信息，确定通信装置700与第二终端之间 的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。
收发模块702，还用于发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；其中，第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。
示例性地，第一距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第二终端的位置信息、通信装置700与第二终端之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示通信装置700与第二终端之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS需求信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数；第一QoS状态信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第二QoS需求信息可以包括第二QoS需求参数，第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口流比特速率，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口流比特速率，第二PC5口流比特速率低于第一PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计中，图7所示的通信装置700包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层。其中，第一应用层，用于接收来自应用服务器的组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。第一应用层，还用于经由第一V2X层和第一接入层，接收来自第二终端的组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
在一种可能的设计中，图7所示的通信装置700包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层。其中，第一应用层，用于经由第一V2X层，向第一接入层发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。第一应用层，还用于经由第一V2X层和第一接入层，向第二终端发送组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。
在另一些实施例中，图7所示的通信装置700也可适用于图1或图2所示出的通信系统中，执行图4或图5所示的通信方法中第二终端的功能。下面具体说明。
其中，收发模块702，用于发送组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息。
处理模块701，用于根据第一距离指示信息，确定第一终端与通信装置700之间的距离值大于第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值。
收发模块702，还用于接收组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；其中，第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，第二通信距离阈值大于第一通信距离阈值。
示例性地，第一距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、通信装置700的位置信息、第一终端与通信装置700之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示第一终端与通信装置700之间的距离值大于第一通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS需求信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数；第一QoS状态信息还可以包括第一QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第二QoS需求信息可以包括第二QoS需求参数，第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第一QoS需求参数可以包括第一PC5口流比特速率，第二QoS需求参数可以包括第二PC5口流比特速率，第二PC5口流比特速率低于第一PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计中，图7所示的通信装置700包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层。其中，第二应用层，用于向应用服务器发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。第二应用层，还用于经由第二V2X层和第二接入层，向第一终端发送组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
在一种可能的设计中，图7所示的通信装置700包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层。其中，第二应用层，还用于经由第二V2X层和第二接入层，接收来自第一终端的组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。
可选地，图7所示的通信装置700还可以包括存储模块(图7中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块701执行该程序或指令时，使得图7所示的通信装置700可以执行图4或图5所示的通信方法中第一终端或第二终端的功能。
需要说明的是，图7所示的通信装置700可以是组播组中的任一终端，也可以是设置于该终端中的芯片或芯片系统，本申请对此不做限定。
图7所示的通信装置700的技术效果可以参考图4或图5所示的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
图8是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图三。该通信装置可适用于图1或图2所示出的通信系统中，执行图6所示的通信方法中第三终端的功能。该通信装置属于组播组，该组播组还包括其他终端。为了便于说明，图8仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
如图8所示，通信装置800包括：第三应用层801、第三V2X层802和第三接入层803。
其中，第三V2X层802，用于接收来自第三应用层801的组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息。第三V2X层802，还用于根据组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息，向第三接入层803发送组播通信的第三QoS需求信息；其中，第三QoS需求信息包括第三通信距离阈值。第三V2X层802，还用于接收来自第三接入层803的组播通信的第二服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，第二QoS状态信息包括第二距离指示信息，第二距离指示信息用于确定图8所示的通信装置800与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。第三V2X层802，还用于向第三接入层803发送组播通信的第四QoS需求信息；其中，第四QoS需求信息属于至少两组候选QoS需求信息；第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离阈值，第四通信距离阈值大于第三通信距离阈值。
示例性地，第二距离指示信息可以包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、第四终端的位置信息、通信装置800与第四终端之间的距离值。其中，超距离指示用于指示通信装置800与第四终端之间的距离值大于第三通信距离阈值。
在一种可能的设计中，第三QoS需求信息还可以包括第三QoS需求参数；第二QoS状态信息还可以包括第三QoS需求参数中未被满足的QoS需求参数；第四QoS需求信息可以包括第四QoS需求参数，第四QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于第三QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第三QoS需求参数可以包括第三PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第四QoS需求参数可以包括第四PC5口服务质量标识PQI，第四PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于第三PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求。
示例性地，第三QoS需求参数可以包括第三PC5口流比特速率，第四QoS需求参数可以包括第四PC5口流比特速率，第四PC5口流比特速率低于第三PC5口流比特速率。
在一种可能的设计中，第三V2X层802，还用于接收来自第三应用层801的选择指示；其中，选择指示用于指示第三V2X层802从至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择出一组QoS需求信息。
需要说明的是，图8所示的通信装置800可以是组播组内的任一终端，也可以是设置于该终端中的芯片或芯片系统，本申请对此不做限定。
图8所示的通信装置800的技术效果可以参考图6所示的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供一种芯片系统。该芯片系统包括处理器和输入/输出端口，所述处理器用于实现上述方法实施例所涉及的处理功能，所述输入/输出端口用于实现上述方法实施例所涉及的收发功能。
在一种可能的设计中，该芯片系统还包括存储器，该存储器用于存储实现上述方法实施例所涉及的功能的程序指令和数据。
该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
本申请实施例提供一种通信系统。该通信系统可以包括第一终端和第二终端，其中第一终端和第二终端可以分别用于执行上述图4或图5所示实施例中的第一终端和第二终端的步骤或动作。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统，该系统可以包括第三终端和第四终端，其中，第三终端和第四终端可以分别用于执行图6所示实施例中的第三终端和第四终端的动作。
需要说明的是，上述两个通信系统均可以为一个组播组提供服务。此外，上述两个通信系统还可以包括其他终端，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括：该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令；当该计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行上述方法实施例中第一终端，第二终端或第三终端所执行的通信方法。
本申请实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行上述方法实施例中第一终端，第二终端或第三终端的动作或步骤。
应理解，在本申请实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，该处理器还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor， DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
上述实施例，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件(如电路)、固件或其他任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，上述实施例可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令或计算机程序。在计算机上加载或执行所述计算机指令或计算机程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以为通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集合的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质。半导体介质可以是固态硬盘。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系，但也可能表示的是一种“和/或”的关系，具体可参考前后文进行理解。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的 实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (38)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于组播组内的组播通信，所述组播组包括第一终端和第二终端；所述通信方法包括：
    所述第一终端接收所述组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息，所述第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息；
    所述第一终端根据所述第一距离指示信息，确定所述第一终端与所述第二终端之间的距离值大于所述组播通信的第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值；
    所述第一终端发送所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，所述第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，所述第二通信距离阈值大于所述第一通信距离阈值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一距离指示信息包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、所述第二终端的位置信息、所述第一终端与所述第二终端之间的距离值；
    其中，所述超距离指示用于指示所述第一终端与所述第二终端之间的距离值大于所述第一通信距离阈值。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS需求信息还包括第一QoS需求参数，所述第二QoS需求信息还包括第二QoS需求参数；
    其中，所述第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于所述第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS需求参数包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第二QoS需求参数包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于所述第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求；
    和/或，
    所述第一QoS需求参数包括第一PC5口流比特速率，所述第二QoS需求参数包括第二PC5口流比特速率，所述第二PC5口流比特速率低于所述第一PC5口流比特速率。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层；
    所述第一终端接收所述组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息，包括：
    所述第一应用层接收来自应用服务器的所述第一QoS状态信息；或者，
    所述第一应用层经由所述第一V2X层和所述第一接入层，接收来自所述第二终端的所述第一QoS状态信息。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层；
    所述第一终端发送所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，包括：
    所述第一应用层经由所述第一V2X层，向所述第一接入层发送所述第二QoS需求信息；或者，
    所述第一应用层经由所述第一V2X层和所述第一接入层，向所述第二终端发送所 述第二QoS需求信息。
  7. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于组播组内的组播通信，所述组播组包括第一终端和第二终端；所述通信方法包括：
    所述第二终端发送所述组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，所述第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息，所述第一距离指示信息用于确定所述第一终端与所述第二终端之间的距离值大于所述组播通信的第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值；
    所述第二终端接收所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，并根据所述第二QoS需求信息更新所述组播通信的QoS需求；
    其中，所述第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，所述第二通信距离阈值大于所述第一通信距离阈值。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一距离指示信息包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、所述第二终端的位置信息、所述第一终端与所述第二终端之间的距离值；
    其中，所述超距离指示用于指示所述第一终端与所述第二终端之间的距离值大于所述第一通信距离阈值。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS需求信息还包括第一QoS需求参数，所述第二QoS需求信息还包括第二QoS需求参数；
    其中，所述第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于所述第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS需求参数包括：第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第二QoS需求参数包括：第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于所述第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求；
    和/或，
    所述第一QoS需求参数包括：第一PC5口流比特速率，所述第二QoS需求参数包括：第二PC5口流比特速率，所述第二PC5口流比特速率低于所述第一PC5口流比特速率。
  11. 根据权利要求7-10中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第二终端包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层；
    所述第二终端发送所述组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息，包括：
    所述第二应用层向应用服务器发送所述第一QoS状态信息；或者，
    所述第二应用层经由所述第二V2X层和所述第二接入层，向所述第一终端发送所述第一QoS状态信息。
  12. 根据权利要求7-10中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第二终端包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层；
    所述第二终端接收所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息，包括：
    所述第二应用层经由所述第二V2X层和所述第二接入层，接收来自所述第一终端的所述第二QoS需求信息。
  13. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第三终端，所述第三终端包括第三应用层、第三V2X层和第三接入层；所述第三终端属于组播组，所述组播组还包括第四终端；所述通信方法包括：
    所述第三V2X层接收来自所述第三应用层的所述组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息；
    所述第三V2X层根据所述至少两组候选QoS需求信息，向所述第三接入层发送所述组播通信的第三QoS需求信息；其中，所述第三QoS需求信息包括第三通信距离阈值；
    所述第三V2X层接收来自所述第三接入层的所述组播通信的第二服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，所述第二QoS状态信息包括第二距离指示信息；
    所述第三V2X层根据所述第二距离指示信息，确定所述第三终端与所述第四终端之间的距离值大于所述第三通信距离阈值；
    所述第三V2X层向所述第三接入层发送所述组播通信的第四QoS需求信息；所述第四QoS需求信息属于所述至少两组候选QoS需求信息，所述第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离阈值，所述第四通信距离阈值大于所述第三通信距离阈值。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第二距离指示信息包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、所述第四终端的位置信息、所述第三终端与所述第四终端之间的距离值；
    其中，所述超距离指示用于指示所述第三终端与所述第四终端之间的距离值大于所述第三通信距离阈值。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第三QoS需求信息还包括第三QoS需求参数；所述第四QoS需求信息还包括第四QoS需求参数；
    其中，所述第四QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于所述第三QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第三QoS需求参数包括第三PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第四QoS需求参数包括第四PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第四PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于所述第三PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求；
    和/或，
    所述第三QoS需求参数包括第三PC5口流比特速率；所述第四QoS需求参数包括第四PC5口流比特速率，所述第四PC5口流比特速率低于所述第三PC5口流比特速率。
  17. 根据权利要求13-16中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    所述第三V2X层接收来自所述第三应用层的选择指示；其中，所述选择指示用于指示所述第三V2X层从所述至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择出一组QoS需求信息。
  18. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置属于组播组，所述组播组还包括第二终端；
    所述通信装置包括收发模块和处理模块；
    所述收发模块，用于接收组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；所述第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息；
    所述处理模块，用于根据所述第一距离指示信息，确定所述通信装置与所述第二终端之间的距离值大于所述组播通信的第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值；
    所述收发模块，还用于发送所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；所述第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，所述第二通信距离阈值大于所述第一通信距离阈值。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一距离指示信息包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、所述第二终端的位置信息、所述通信装置与所述第二终端之间的距离值；
    其中，所述超距离指示用于指示所述通信装置与所述第二终端之间的距离值大于所述第一通信距离阈值。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一QoS需求信息还包括第一QoS需求参数；所述第二QoS需求信息包括第二QoS需求参数；
    其中，所述第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于所述第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一QoS需求参数包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第二QoS需求参数包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于所述第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求；
    和/或，
    所述第一QoS需求参数包括第一PC5口流比特速率，所述第二QoS需求参数包括第二PC5口流比特速率，所述第二PC5口流比特速率低于所述第一PC5口流比特速率。
  22. 根据权利要求18-21任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层；
    所述第一应用层，用于接收来自应用服务器的第一QoS状态信息；
    所述第一应用层，还用于经由所述第一V2X层和所述第一接入层，接收来自所述第二终端的第一QoS状态信息。
  23. 根据权利要求18-22任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括第一应用层、第一V2X层和第一接入层；
    所述第一应用层，用于经由所述第一V2X层，向所述第一接入层发送所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息
    所述第一应用层，还用于经由所述第一V2X层和所述第一接入层，向所述第二终端发送所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置属于组播组，所述组播组还包括第一终端；
    所述通信装置包括收发模块和处理模块；
    所述收发模块，用于发送组播通信的第一服务质量QoS状态信息；其中，所述第一QoS状态信息包括第一距离指示信息；
    所述处理模块，用于根据所述第一距离指示信息，确定所述第一终端与所述通信装置之间的距离值大于所述组播通信的第一QoS需求信息中的第一通信距离阈值；
    所述收发模块，还用于接收所述组播通信的第二QoS需求信息；
    其中，所述所述第二QoS需求信息包括第二通信距离阈值，所述第二通信距离阈值大于所述第一通信距离阈值。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一距离指示信息包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、所述通信装置的位置信息、所述第一终端与所述通信装置之间的距离值；
    其中，所述超距离指示用于指示所述第一终端与所述通信装置之间的距离值大于所述第一通信距离阈值。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一QoS需求信息还包括第一QoS需求参数；所述第二QoS需求信息包括第二QoS需求参数；
    所述第二QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于所述第一QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一QoS需求参数包括第一PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第二QoS需求参数包括第二PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第二PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于所述第一PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求；
    和/或，
    所述第一QoS需求参数包括第一PC5口流比特速率，所述第二QoS需求参数包括第二PC5口流比特速率，所述第二PC5口流比特速率低于所述第一PC5口流比特速率。
  28. 根据权利要求24-27任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层；
    所述第二应用层，用于向应用服务器发送所述组播通信的第一QoS状态信息；
    所述第二应用层，还用于经由所述第二V2X层和所述第二接入层，向所述第一终端发送所述组播通信的第一QoS状态信息。
  29. 根据权利要求24-28任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括第二应用层、第二V2X层和第二接入层；
    所述第二应用层，还用于经由所述第二V2X层和所述第二接入层，接收来自所述第一终端的所述第二QoS需求信息。
  30. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置为组播组中的第三终端，所述通信装置包括：第三应用层、第三V2X层和第三接入层，所述组播组还包括第四终端；
    所述第三V2X层，用于接收来自所述第三应用层的组播组内组播通信的至少两组候选QoS需求信息；
    所述第三V2X层，还用于根据所述至少两组候选QoS需求信息，向所述第三接入层发送所述组播通信的第三QoS需求信息；其中，所述第三QoS需求信息包括第三通信距离阈值；
    所述第三V2X层，还用于接收来自所述第三接入层的所述组播通信的第二服务质 量QoS状态信息；其中，所述第二QoS状态信息包括第二距离指示信息；
    所述第二距离指示信息用于确定所述通信装置与所述第四终端之间的距离值大于所述第三通信距离阈值；
    所述第三V2X层，还用于向所述第三接入层发送所述组播通信的第四QoS需求信息；其中，所述第四QoS需求信息属于所述至少两组候选QoS需求信息；所述第四QoS需求信息包括第四通信距离阈值，所述第四通信距离阈值大于所述第三通信距离阈值。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第二距离指示信息包括如下一项或多项：超距离指示、所述第四终端的位置信息、所述通信装置与所述第四终端之间的距离值；
    其中，所述超距离指示用于指示所述通信装置与所述第四终端之间的距离值大于所述第三通信距离阈值。
  32. 根据权利要求30或31所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第三QoS需求信息还包括第三QoS需求参数；所述第四QoS需求信息包括第四QoS需求参数；
    其中，所述第四QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求低于所述第三QoS需求参数对应的QoS需求。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第三QoS需求参数包括第三PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第四QoS需求参数包括第四PC5口服务质量标识PQI，所述第四PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求低于所述第三PC5口PQI对应的QoS需求；
    和/或，
    所述第三QoS需求参数包括第三PC5口流比特速率，所述第四QoS需求参数包括第四PC5口流比特速率，所述第四PC5口流比特速率低于所述第三PC5口流比特速率。
  34. 根据权利要求30-33任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第三V2X层，还用于接收来自所述第三应用层的选择指示；其中，所述选择指示用于指示所述第三V2X层从所述至少两组候选QoS需求信息中选择出一组QoS需求信息。
  35. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置用于执行如权利要求1-17中任一项所述的通信方法。
  36. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合；
    所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的所述计算机程序，以使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-17中任一项所述的通信方法。
  37. 一种可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述可读存储介质包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-17中任一项所述的通信方法。
  38. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1- 17中任一项所述的通信方法。
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