WO2021093347A1 - Hoisting method, hoisting control system, and construction machinery - Google Patents

Hoisting method, hoisting control system, and construction machinery Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021093347A1
WO2021093347A1 PCT/CN2020/100414 CN2020100414W WO2021093347A1 WO 2021093347 A1 WO2021093347 A1 WO 2021093347A1 CN 2020100414 W CN2020100414 W CN 2020100414W WO 2021093347 A1 WO2021093347 A1 WO 2021093347A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hoisting
site
hook
tower
execution
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/100414
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡敏
黄国勇
曾杨
林能发
龙文堃
Original Assignee
中联重科股份有限公司
湖南中联重科建筑起重机械有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2021093347A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021093347A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/16Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/40Applications of devices for transmitting control pulses; Applications of remote control devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/48Automatic control of crane drives for producing a single or repeated working cycle; Programme control
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/52Details of compartments for driving engines or motors or of operator's stands or cabins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00Safety gear
    • B66C15/06Arrangements or use of warning devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00Safety gear
    • B66C15/06Arrangements or use of warning devices
    • B66C15/065Arrangements or use of warning devices electrical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/88Safety gear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of hoisting, in particular to a hoisting method, a hoisting control system and an engineering machinery.
  • Hoisting machinery such as tower cranes
  • the tower crane can be transported in parallel, vertical and 360 degrees without dead angles. It has made a great contribution to modern architecture and is an indispensable equipment for construction.
  • the existing hoisting machinery operation methods rely on the cooperation of the operator in the operation room on the tower and the on-site hoisting personnel under the tower. This operation method that relies solely on human eyes and experience to judge not only requires high technical requirements for the driver and on-site hoisting personnel , And test the tacit understanding and trust between the two, behind which there are huge security risks.
  • the driver needs to climb to the control room on the tower to work.
  • the height of the suspended tower ranges from a dozen meters to a few hundred meters.
  • the personal safety of the tower crane driver is greatly affected.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method for controlling the tower crane on the ground, so that the operator can perform normal operations on the tower crane under the tower, thereby reducing potential safety hazards and improving construction efficiency.
  • the first aspect of the present invention also provides a hoisting method, which includes:
  • the hoisting operation information includes hoisting position information and hook drop position information
  • the execution of the hoisting operation is monitored at the ground control terminal according to the on-site construction image and the hoisting operation information.
  • the execution instruction comes from a path planning subsystem or an on-site lifting personnel.
  • the monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation includes:
  • the monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation includes:
  • the monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation includes:
  • the execution instruction is generated in the following manner:
  • an execution instruction for controlling the hoisting work equipment is generated.
  • the path planning subsystem further includes:
  • the hoisting path is re-planned to avoid the obstacle.
  • the execution instruction is obtained in the following manner:
  • the on-site hoisting personnel sends execution instructions to the hoisting equipment through a portable control device.
  • the on-site construction images include: on-site shot images of the rear of the balance arm of the hoisting equipment, the front of the boom, the lower part of the trolley, and the lower part of the rotating mechanism.
  • the on-site construction image further includes: a hoisting operation image captured by tracking and shooting the hook and the hoisted object under the trolley.
  • the on-site construction image further includes: on-site operation images of the on-site lifting personnel, and the on-site operation images are captured by a mobile image acquisition device provided on the helmet worn by the on-site lifting personnel.
  • system parameters include one or more of the following: hook height, hook amplitude, hook rotation angle, hoisting weight, and boom inclination angle.
  • the path planning subsystem is also used to: set system state parameters, set the display mode of the on-site construction image, and set the control mode of the system.
  • a hoisting control system which includes:
  • At least one processor At least one processor
  • a memory connected to the at least one processor
  • the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the aforementioned hoisting method by executing the instructions stored in the memory.
  • the hoisting method of the present invention can transform the operating driver on the tower in the prior art from the original full-process control role to the supervisory role on the ground operating platform, and reduces the labor intensity and safety risks of the operating driver.
  • Through the monitoring screen of the ground control room the field of vision of the operator can be expanded.
  • a variety of auxiliary perspectives are provided to enhance the safety of hoisting operations. It can also realize the dynamic monitoring of obstacles during the hoisting operation, and respond in time, ensuring the safety of the operation and reducing the risk of accidents.
  • This scheme moves the linkage platform on the tower to the bottom of the tower, which can not only ensure that the driver's original operating attributes remain unchanged, but also free the driver from the tower to the ground, ensuring the driver's operating comfort and personal safety.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a system structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the ground control room in the embodiment of the utility model
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the first camera and the second camera on the tower crane in the embodiment of the utility model;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the keys of the remote control in an embodiment of the utility model
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a path planning system included in an industrial computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a ground control tower crane system with an embedded industrial computer and PLC (Programmable Logic Controller, programmable logic controller) as the core is used to control the tower crane.
  • the technical route of the entire ground control tower crane system consists of two parts, the upper and lower parts, including the PLC on the tower, the PLC under the tower, the ground control terminal, the remote control system, the video monitoring system, the path planning system, and the safety monitoring system.
  • the working principle of the whole system is based on the multiple cameras arranged on the tower crane to take pictures of the tower crane itself and the surrounding scenes from multiple perspectives, and transmit them to the display on the ground control terminal in real time. The operator can view the construction environment according to the pictures on the display. Make a judgment, choose a reasonable control method according to its difficulty, and finally control the linkage platform under the tower to complete the hoisting task.
  • the system includes: a ground control terminal, a first PLC and multiple first cameras.
  • the first PLC is connected to the existing tower crane PLC on the tower crane to be controlled
  • the tower crane PLC is connected to the existing tower crane actuator.
  • the multiple first cameras are respectively arranged on the balance arm root, the boom arm root, the trolley and the slewing mechanism of the tower crane to be controlled, as shown in Figure 4, and are used to photograph the rear of the balance arm, the front of the boom, and the slewing mechanism.
  • the ground control terminal in this embodiment includes: a platform, an industrial computer, a second PLC, a display screen, and a linkage platform for receiving control instructions.
  • the second PLC is respectively connected to the first PLC and the linkage platform, and multiple first cameras, second PLCs and display screens are all connected to the industrial computer.
  • the industrial computer, the second PLC and the linkage platform are all encapsulated in the table body, and the display screen is set On the platform, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the first PLC is arranged on the tower body of the tower crane to be controlled, which is convenient for connection with the existing tower crane PLC.
  • the above-mentioned first PLC is also called the PLC on the tower
  • the second PLC is also called the PLC under the tower.
  • the PLC on the tower is connected to the PLC under the tower through the POWERLINK communication bus, and receives instructions transmitted by the industrial computer through the PLC under the tower, or transmits and collects to the PLC under the tower.
  • the various signal parameters on the tower crane are then transmitted to the industrial computer for corresponding processing.
  • the second PLC is connected to the industrial computer through a CAN communication bus.
  • the system described in this embodiment further includes two second cameras, and the second cameras are automatic tracking cameras.
  • the second camera is a dome camera with an automatic tracking and shooting function.
  • the second cameras are respectively arranged on the boom root and the boom tip of the tower crane to be controlled, and are used to track and photograph the hook and the object being lifted under the trolley of the tower crane, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the second camera is connected to the industrial computer in the ground control terminal, and transmits the shooting picture to the industrial computer in real time, and displays it on the display screen.
  • both the first camera and the second camera are wirelessly connected to the industrial computer.
  • the above-mentioned first camera, second camera, industrial computer, and display screen together constitute the video surveillance system in this embodiment, which is used to display the construction pictures that the operator cares about in a multi-angle and multi-directional manner.
  • this embodiment integrates the advantages of wired, wireless, and 4G network transmission technologies and applies them to video transmission from different perspectives to form a tower
  • the high-altitude environment of the aircraft and the multi-view video network system of the hook so as to realize long-distance, low-latency, and large-information real-time video monitoring.
  • the first camera in this embodiment is a gun camera
  • the second camera is a dome camera.
  • the operator judges the optimal operation mode according to the pictures taken by the first camera and the second camera.
  • the left and right sides are used to shoot the construction pictures behind the balance arm;
  • the construction picture in front of the boom; the first camera installed on the trolley of the tower crane to be controlled has one camera, which is used to take real-time pictures of the underside of the trolley and the hook vertically downwards; set on the slewing mechanism of the tower crane to be controlled
  • There is one camera on the first which is used to shoot the full-angle picture of the construction scene under the rotating mechanism.
  • the first camera provided on the revolving mechanism may also be provided under the revolving mechanism.
  • the diameter range centered on the hoisted object can pass through
  • the dome camera automatic control parameters of the industrial computer are set.
  • the system described in this embodiment further includes: a safety monitoring device arranged on the tower crane to be controlled, and the safety monitoring device is respectively connected to the tower crane PLC and the industrial computer.
  • the safety monitoring device is connected to the PLC of the tower crane through the RS485 bus, and is connected to the industrial computer through the CAN communication bus.
  • the ground control terminal (ie, the ground terminal console in FIG. 2) further includes: an alarm device arranged on the surface of the table body, and the alarm device is connected to an industrial computer.
  • a safety monitoring system is installed in the above safety monitoring device to monitor the hoisting weight, amplitude value, height value, rotation value, wind speed value, inclination value and other parameters when the tower crane moves. Once the tower crane is operating, it exceeds the set safety range , The safety monitoring system will alarm or stop the tower crane through the above-mentioned alarm device to ensure the safe construction of the tower crane and the safety of life and property.
  • Its working principle is that the path planning system installed in the industrial computer sends instructions to the safety monitoring system through the CAN communication protocol, and then the safety monitoring system is connected with the original tower crane PLC through RS485, and is displayed and monitored in real time on the display of the safety monitoring system The working condition of the tower crane.
  • the system described in this embodiment further includes: a portable control device (such as a remote control) and a remote control signal receiver.
  • a portable control device such as a remote control
  • the remote control signal receiver is arranged on the tower crane to be controlled, and the remote control signal receiver is connected to the first PLC (that is, the PLC on the tower), and the remote control and the remote control signal receiver are wirelessly connected.
  • the schematic diagram of the remote control buttons shown in Figure 5 including emergency brake, hook up/down, turn left/right, luffing large/small, fast mode, slow mode, start and standby these function keys, on-site lifting personnel
  • the specific operation is to first press the start button, then select one of the fast or slow mode, and then press the corresponding lifting, turning, and luffing buttons according to the state of the tower crane, so as to control the tower crane to execute according to the command. , If you need to stop the tower crane in an emergency, just press the emergency brake button.
  • the remote control sends the instructions on the buttons and receives them through the remote control signal receiver 433 wireless communication, and then transmits the command signal to the PLC on the tower (ie the first PLC) through CAN communication,
  • the PLC maps the control command signal to the existing tower crane PLC through I/O, so that the various actuators of the tower crane execute the corresponding rotation, luffing, and lifting actions according to the transmitted commands, so as to control the tower in the remote control mode machine.
  • the system described in this embodiment also includes: a smart safety helmet with a positioning function, and the smart safety helmet is wirelessly connected to an industrial computer on the ground control terminal. Further, the cap body of the smart helmet is also provided with a camera and a first microphone, which have shooting and call functions, and both the camera and the first microphone are wirelessly connected with the industrial computer on the ground control terminal.
  • the ground control terminal in this embodiment further includes: a second microphone, the second microphone is arranged on the upper surface of the ground control terminal body, and the second microphone is connected to the industrial computer.
  • the above-mentioned smart safety helmet, the webpage login safety helmet monitoring system installed in the industrial computer, the second microphone and the display screen together form the smart safety helmet monitoring system.
  • the smart helmet is worn by the person who hangs it on site, has functions such as positioning, calling, and shooting video, and communicates with the ground control terminal through a 4G signal.
  • the operating driver logs in through the helmet monitoring system displayed on the display 3 on the ground control terminal.
  • the system can display the location of the smart helmet in real time.
  • the operator can send voice and video call requests to the lifting personnel at any time.
  • the smart helmet can transmit the scene shot on-site to the industrial computer on the ground control end, and display it on the display screen 3. This method not only adds more on-site perspectives to facilitate the operator's judgment, but also facilitates the operator's timely communication with the on-site lifting personnel, reducing misoperations.
  • the display screen 1 and the display screen 2 are used to display the real-time shooting images of the first camera and the second camera.
  • the operator can also log in to the video management system to set the video images according to personal operating habits.
  • the above video management system is installed on the industrial computer In, it is part of the path planning system in the industrial computer.
  • the leftmost display screen 1 shown in Figure 3 is used to display the rarely used auxiliary viewing angle picture;
  • the middle display screen 2 is used to display the main viewing angle picture of the lifting operation;
  • the rightmost display screen 3 is used To display the login interface of the helmet monitoring system, the helmet monitoring system displays the current position of the smart helmet in real time based on Beidou satellite navigation.
  • the linkage platform is divided into two parts, a left linkage platform and a right linkage platform.
  • the linkage platform in this embodiment has the same structure and function as the linkage platform on the existing tower crane.
  • a driver's seat is also provided in front of the ground control terminal, and both the ground control terminal and the driver's seat are arranged in a preset ground control room.
  • the ground control room is also provided with an electric control cabinet for the ground control terminal and a charging storage cabinet for the smart helmet.
  • the ground control terminal further includes a touch screen, which is inlaid on the upper surface of the ground control terminal body, and the touch screen is connected to an industrial computer to display various system parameters of the industrial computer.
  • the operator can use this The touch screen sets the above-mentioned various system parameters.
  • a path planning system is installed in the industrial computer on the ground control end, and the path planning system is a collection of various sub-systems, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the path planning system in this embodiment displays the status of the main interface, camera control, security monitoring system, smart helmet communication, system settings, etc., on the display screen shown in Figure 3.
  • the operating driver can monitor the system status through the touch screen. Set up and control the operation of the tower crane.
  • the main interface shows the tower crane's boundary settings, algorithm debugging, task mode, motion control parameters, etc.
  • the camera control interface shows the manual or automatic control mode selection of the dome camera 1/2, installation horizontal or vertical deviation, manual control mode Downward vertical up/down, horizontal left/right, zoom in and zoom out commands, the allowable deviation percentage of the viewing angle in the automatic control mode, the vertical range of the shooting picture, and the length of the rope
  • the safety monitoring system displays the current height, amplitude, and rotation of the hook in real time Angle, weight, torque, wind speed, maximum working height/amplitude, torque limit, amplitude limit, hoisting limit, rotation limit, height limit, wind speed limit and other information
  • the intelligent safety helmet monitoring system interface displays real-time
  • the coordinate value of the top smart helmet can be called the smart helmet
  • the system setting interface is the selection of electronic control system type, remote control mode selection and control mode selection.
  • control modes There are three above-mentioned control modes in this embodiment, namely driver control, remote control and automatic operation control. During this period, the tower crane driver/operating driver can cooperate with the lifting personnel on site.
  • the driver control mode refers to the way in which the tower crane driver/operating driver controls the tower crane through the operation of the linkage platform on the ground control end.
  • the specific implementation method is to map the lifting, turning, luffing, emergency stop, wind vane, bypass and other commands of the linkage platform to the PLC under the tower (that is, the second PLC), and then the PLC under the tower sends these commands and the path planning system.
  • the commands are all packaged and sent to the PLC on the tower through POWERLINK communication.
  • the PLC on the tower is connected to the existing tower crane PLC, and the input and output signal commands are mapped to the tower crane's various actuators to realize the control of the tower crane. .
  • the PLC on the tower will communicate through POWERLINK to transmit the indicator torque red, indicator torque yellow, indicator weight red, indicator weight yellow, indicator buzzer, weathercock indicator and other signals to the PLC under the tower. , And finally mapped to the linkage platform through the I/O port of the PLC under the tower.
  • the remote control mode refers to the way that the crane operator controls the tower crane by holding the remote control on site.
  • the specific implementation method is that the remote control sends operation instructions, such as hook up, hook down, trolley luffing outward, trolley luffing inward, tower crane rotation, start, emergency stop operation, etc., and the tower remote control receiver After receiving these commands, it is connected to the PLC on the tower through the CAN communication bus, and then the PLC on the tower sends the instructions to the original existing tower crane PLC, and finally maps the input and output signal commands to the tower crane's various actuators to realize the tower The control of the machine.
  • the driver control mode has absolute priority to the control of the tower crane. That is to say, when the crane operator remotely controls the tower crane to perform improper operations, the driver will promptly intercept the on-site construction if the driver performs any operation on the tower crane on the linkage platform. Control of hoisting personnel.
  • the automatic operation mode refers to the mode in which the tower crane automatically operates according to the programmed state.
  • the ground control tower crane system of the utility model is equipped with cameras on the balance arm, lifting arm, load trolley and slewing mechanism of the tower crane, and the camera is connected to the industrial computer in the ground control end, so it can be multi-angled
  • the construction screen that the driver pays attention to is displayed on the display screen in all directions, thereby reducing potential safety hazards during tower crane operation and improving construction efficiency; and because the first PLC and second PLC are set up on the tower crane and under the tower crane respectively,
  • the system can transmit the instructions of the linkage platform and the industrial computer to the first PLC through the second PLC, and then to the existing tower crane PLC on the tower crane to be controlled, and the tower crane PLC controls the operation of the tower crane actuator.
  • the integrated packaging of the equipment in the ground control terminal enables the operator to perform normal operations under the tower without changing the original operating habits on the tower.
  • the embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the specific details in the above-mentioned implementation manners.
  • the present utility model can be modified.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiment of the utility model.

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract

A hoisting method, a hoisting control system, and construction machinery. The method comprises: acquiring a plurality of on-site construction images and hoisting operation information of a hoisting device, the hoisting operation information comprising lifting position information and hanger lowering position information; and during a hoisting operation performed by the hoisting device according to an execution instruction, monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation on a ground control terminal according to the on-site construction images and the hoisting operation information. The hoisting control system comprises a processor and a memory for implementing the hoisting method. The construction machinery is provided with the hoisting control system. The hoisting method, hoisting control system, and construction machinery enable an operator to perform normal operations under a tower using the hoisting device, thereby reducing potential safety hazards and improving construction efficiency.

Description

吊装方法、吊装控制系统和工程机械Hoisting method, hoisting control system and construction machinery 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及吊装技术领域,特别涉及一种吊装方法、一种吊装控制系统和一种工程机械。The invention relates to the technical field of hoisting, in particular to a hoisting method, a hoisting control system and an engineering machinery.
背景技术Background technique
吊装机械(例如塔机)是建筑工地上最常用的一种起吊施工原材料的起重设备。塔机能平行、垂直、三百六十度无死角运输,为现代建筑做出了巨大贡献,是建筑施工必不可少的设备。Hoisting machinery (such as tower cranes) is the most commonly used lifting equipment for lifting construction materials on construction sites. The tower crane can be transported in parallel, vertical and 360 degrees without dead angles. It has made a great contribution to modern architecture and is an indispensable equipment for construction.
现有的吊装机械作业方式都是依靠塔上操作室司机和塔下现场施吊人员配合作业,这种完全依靠人眼和经验进行判断的操作方式不仅对司机和现场施吊人员的技术要求较高,并且考验他们二者之间的默契和信任程度,其背后潜藏着巨大的安全风险。首先,司机需要攀爬至塔上操控室才能工作,吊塔高度从十几米到几百米不等,在现有技术几乎没有安全措施的情况下,对塔机司机的人身安全造成了巨大的隐患,同时,对操作司机的体力要求也特别高,将会使得想要从事塔机吊装这一行业的人受到限制。其次,操作司机在操纵室进行高空施工作业时,由于人眼可视范围有限,难以对周围作业环境进行准确地判断,容易造成误操作或操作不当而导致吊装效率不高或事故发生。The existing hoisting machinery operation methods rely on the cooperation of the operator in the operation room on the tower and the on-site hoisting personnel under the tower. This operation method that relies solely on human eyes and experience to judge not only requires high technical requirements for the driver and on-site hoisting personnel , And test the tacit understanding and trust between the two, behind which there are huge security risks. First of all, the driver needs to climb to the control room on the tower to work. The height of the suspended tower ranges from a dozen meters to a few hundred meters. In the case of almost no safety measures in the existing technology, the personal safety of the tower crane driver is greatly affected. Hidden dangers, at the same time, the physical requirements of the operating drivers are also particularly high, which will restrict those who want to engage in the industry of tower crane hoisting. Secondly, when operating drivers perform high-altitude construction operations in the control room, due to the limited visual range of the human eye, it is difficult to accurately judge the surrounding operating environment, which can easily cause misoperation or improper operation, resulting in low lifting efficiency or accidents.
因此,如何将塔上作业转移至塔下已成为目前亟待解决的问题。Therefore, how to transfer operations from the tower to the tower has become an urgent problem to be solved at present.
发明内容Summary of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明旨在提出一种地面操控塔机的方法,使操作者能够在塔下对塔机进行正常作业,从而减少安全隐患、提高施工效率。In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a method for controlling the tower crane on the ground, so that the operator can perform normal operations on the tower crane under the tower, thereby reducing potential safety hazards and improving construction efficiency.
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:In order to achieve the above objective, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:
本发明的第一方面,还提供了一种吊装方法,所述方法包括:The first aspect of the present invention also provides a hoisting method, which includes:
获取现场的多个现场施工图像以及吊装作业设备的吊装作业信息,所述吊装作业信息包括起吊位置信息和落钩位置信息;Acquiring multiple on-site construction images and hoisting operation information of hoisting operation equipment on the site, where the hoisting operation information includes hoisting position information and hook drop position information;
在所述吊装作业设备根据执行指令进行吊装作业的过程中,根据所述现场施工图像和吊装作业信息在地面控制端对所述吊装作业的执行进行监控。During the hoisting operation performed by the hoisting operation equipment according to the execution instruction, the execution of the hoisting operation is monitored at the ground control terminal according to the on-site construction image and the hoisting operation information.
可选的,所述执行指令来自路径规划子系统或现场施吊人员。Optionally, the execution instruction comes from a path planning subsystem or an on-site lifting personnel.
可选的,所述对所述吊装作业的执行进行监控,包括:Optionally, the monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation includes:
监控所述吊装作业设备在执行吊装操作的过程中的系统参数;Monitoring the system parameters of the hoisting equipment during the hoisting operation;
当所述系统参数中的任一参数超出与该参数对应的预设阈值时,下达报警指令。When any one of the system parameters exceeds the preset threshold corresponding to the parameter, an alarm instruction is issued.
可选的,所述对所述吊装作业的执行进行监控,包括:Optionally, the monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation includes:
当所述系统参数中的任一参数超出与该参数对应的预设阈值时,对所述吊装作业设备下达急停指令。When any one of the system parameters exceeds a preset threshold corresponding to the parameter, an emergency stop instruction is issued to the hoisting equipment.
可选的,所述对所述吊装作业的执行进行监控,包括:Optionally, the monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation includes:
根据所述现场施工图像判断所述吊装作业的过程中是否存在障碍物;Judging whether there is an obstacle during the hoisting operation according to the on-site construction image;
确定存在所述障碍物时,对所述吊装作业设备下达急停指令。When it is determined that the obstacle exists, an emergency stop instruction is issued to the hoisting equipment.
可选的,在所述执行指令来自于路径规划子系统的情况下,所述执行指令通过以下方式生成:Optionally, in the case that the execution instruction comes from the path planning subsystem, the execution instruction is generated in the following manner:
获取所述吊装作业信息中的起吊位置信息和落钩位置信息;Acquiring the lifting position information and the hook drop position information in the lifting operation information;
根据所述起吊位置信息和所述落钩位置信息确定吊装路径,其中所述吊装路径包括吊装作业设备待执行的回转角度、变幅幅度和吊钩高度;Determining a hoisting path according to the hoisting position information and the hook drop position information, wherein the hoisting path includes the rotation angle, the amplitude of luffing, and the hook height of the hoisting equipment to be executed;
根据所述吊装路径生成控制所述吊装作业设备的执行指令。According to the hoisting path, an execution instruction for controlling the hoisting work equipment is generated.
可选的,所述路径规划子系统在生成执行指令的过程中,还包括:Optionally, the path planning subsystem further includes:
根据所述现场施工图像判断所述吊装路径中是否存在障碍物;Judging whether there is an obstacle in the hoisting path according to the on-site construction image;
确定存在所述障碍物时,重新规划所述吊装路径,以绕开所述障碍物。When it is determined that the obstacle exists, the hoisting path is re-planned to avoid the obstacle.
可选的,在所述执行指令来自现场施吊人员的情况下,所述执行指令通过以下方式获得:Optionally, in the case that the execution instruction comes from an on-site lifting personnel, the execution instruction is obtained in the following manner:
所述现场施吊人员通过便携操控设备对所述吊装作业设备发送执行指令。The on-site hoisting personnel sends execution instructions to the hoisting equipment through a portable control device.
可选的,所述现场施工图像包括:吊装作业设备的平衡臂后方、起重臂前方、载重小车下方和回转机构下方的现场拍摄图像。Optionally, the on-site construction images include: on-site shot images of the rear of the balance arm of the hoisting equipment, the front of the boom, the lower part of the trolley, and the lower part of the rotating mechanism.
可选的,所述现场施工图像还包括:对所述载重小车下方的吊钩和被吊物体跟踪拍摄的吊装操作图像。Optionally, the on-site construction image further includes: a hoisting operation image captured by tracking and shooting the hook and the hoisted object under the trolley.
可选的,所述现场施工图像还包括:现场施吊人员的现场操作图像,所述现场操作图像通过设置于所述现场施吊人员所佩戴的安全帽上的移动图像采集装置拍摄。Optionally, the on-site construction image further includes: on-site operation images of the on-site lifting personnel, and the on-site operation images are captured by a mobile image acquisition device provided on the helmet worn by the on-site lifting personnel.
可选的,所述系统参数包括以下中的一个或多个:吊钩高度、吊钩幅度、吊钩回转角度、吊装重量、起重臂倾角。Optionally, the system parameters include one or more of the following: hook height, hook amplitude, hook rotation angle, hoisting weight, and boom inclination angle.
可选的,所述路径规划子系统还用于:设置系统状态参数、设置所述现场施工图像的显示模式及设置系统的控制模式。Optionally, the path planning subsystem is also used to: set system state parameters, set the display mode of the on-site construction image, and set the control mode of the system.
在本发明的第二方面,还提供了一种吊装控制系统,该系统包括:In the second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a hoisting control system, which includes:
至少一个处理器;At least one processor;
存储器,与所述至少一个处理器连接;A memory connected to the at least one processor;
其中,所述存储器存储有能被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述至少一个处理器通过执行所述存储器存储的指令实现前述的吊装方法。Wherein, the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the aforementioned hoisting method by executing the instructions stored in the memory.
在本发明的第三方面,还提供了一种工程机械,所述工程机械配置有前述的吊装控制系统。In the third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an engineering machine equipped with the aforementioned hoisting control system.
本发明所述的吊装方法,能够将现有技术中塔上操作司机从原来的全程操控角色转变为在地面操作台的监管角色,降低了操作司机的劳动强度和安全风险。通过地面操控室的监控画面,能够扩大操作司机的视野范围。同时提供了多种角度的辅助视角,以提升吊装作业的安全性。还能实现在吊装作业过程中的障碍物动态监测,及时做出反应,保障了作业安全,降低了事故发生风险。本方案将塔上联动台移动到塔下,既能保证司机的原有操作属性不改变,又能将司机从塔上解放到地面,保证了司机的操作舒适性和人身安全。The hoisting method of the present invention can transform the operating driver on the tower in the prior art from the original full-process control role to the supervisory role on the ground operating platform, and reduces the labor intensity and safety risks of the operating driver. Through the monitoring screen of the ground control room, the field of vision of the operator can be expanded. At the same time, a variety of auxiliary perspectives are provided to enhance the safety of hoisting operations. It can also realize the dynamic monitoring of obstacles during the hoisting operation, and respond in time, ensuring the safety of the operation and reducing the risk of accidents. This scheme moves the linkage platform on the tower to the bottom of the tower, which can not only ensure that the driver's original operating attributes remain unchanged, but also free the driver from the tower to the ground, ensuring the driver's operating comfort and personal safety.
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments.
附图说明Description of the drawings
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1为本发明实施例的方法流程图;Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例的系统结构图;Figure 2 is a system structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本实用新型实施例中地面操控室的布置示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the ground control room in the embodiment of the utility model;
图4为本实用新型实施例中第一摄像机和第二摄像机在塔机上的布置示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the first camera and the second camera on the tower crane in the embodiment of the utility model;
图5为本实用新型实施例中遥控器按键的示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the keys of the remote control in an embodiment of the utility model;
图6为本实用新型实施例的工控机中所包含的路径规划系统的示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a path planning system included in an industrial computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记说明Description of Reference Signs
1-显示屏1            2-显示屏2           3-显示屏31-Display 1 2-Display 2 3-Display 3
4-工控机触摸屏       5-左联动台操作界面4-Industrial computer touch screen 5-Left linkage console operation interface
6-右联动台操作界面   7-地面控制端台体 8-司机座椅6-Right linkage console operation interface 7-Ground control terminal body 8-Driver seat
9-地面控制端的电控柜 10-智能安全帽的充电放置柜9-Electric control cabinet on the ground control end 10-charging storage cabinet for smart helmets
11、12-设置于平衡臂臂根上的两个第一摄像机11.12- Two first cameras installed on the base of the balance arm
13、14-设置于起重臂臂根上的两个第一摄像机13, 14- Two first cameras installed on the base of the boom arm
15-设置于载重小车上的第一摄像机15-The first camera installed on the truck
16-设置于起重臂臂根上的第二摄像机16-The second camera installed on the base of the boom arm
17-设置于起重臂臂尖上的第二摄像机17-The second camera set on the tip of the boom
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本实施例采用以嵌入式工控机和PLC(Programmable Logic Controller,可编程逻辑控制器)为核心的地面操控塔机系统来对塔机进行操控。整个地面操控塔机系统的技术路线由塔上和塔下两部分组成,包含塔上PLC、塔下PLC、地面控制端、遥控系统、视频监控系统、路径规划系统、安全监控系统等。整套系统的工作原理是基于在塔机上布置的多个摄像头来多视角拍摄塔机自身及周围场景的画面,并实时传送到地面控制端的显示屏上,操作司机根据显示屏上的画面对施工环境做出判断,根据其难易程度选择合理的控制方式,最后操控塔下联动台完成吊装任务。In this embodiment, a ground control tower crane system with an embedded industrial computer and PLC (Programmable Logic Controller, programmable logic controller) as the core is used to control the tower crane. The technical route of the entire ground control tower crane system consists of two parts, the upper and lower parts, including the PLC on the tower, the PLC under the tower, the ground control terminal, the remote control system, the video monitoring system, the path planning system, and the safety monitoring system. The working principle of the whole system is based on the multiple cameras arranged on the tower crane to take pictures of the tower crane itself and the surrounding scenes from multiple perspectives, and transmit them to the display on the ground control terminal in real time. The operator can view the construction environment according to the pictures on the display. Make a judgment, choose a reasonable control method according to its difficulty, and finally control the linkage platform under the tower to complete the hoisting task.
该系统包括:地面控制端、第一PLC和多个第一摄像机。其中,第一PLC连接待操控塔机上已有的塔机PLC,塔机PLC连接已有的塔机执行机构。多个第一摄像机分别设置于待操控塔机的平衡臂臂根、起重臂臂根、载重小车和回转机构上,如图4所示,分别用于拍摄平衡臂后方、起重臂前方、载重小车下方和回转机构下方的施工画面。本实施例中的地面控制端包括:台体、工控机、第二PLC、显示屏和用于接收操控指令的联动台。其中,第二PLC分别连接第一PLC和联动台,多个第一摄像机、第二PLC和显示屏均连接工控机,工控机、第二PLC和联动台均封装于台体中,显示屏设置于台体上,如图3所示。The system includes: a ground control terminal, a first PLC and multiple first cameras. Among them, the first PLC is connected to the existing tower crane PLC on the tower crane to be controlled, and the tower crane PLC is connected to the existing tower crane actuator. The multiple first cameras are respectively arranged on the balance arm root, the boom arm root, the trolley and the slewing mechanism of the tower crane to be controlled, as shown in Figure 4, and are used to photograph the rear of the balance arm, the front of the boom, and the slewing mechanism. The construction screen under the load trolley and under the slewing mechanism. The ground control terminal in this embodiment includes: a platform, an industrial computer, a second PLC, a display screen, and a linkage platform for receiving control instructions. Among them, the second PLC is respectively connected to the first PLC and the linkage platform, and multiple first cameras, second PLCs and display screens are all connected to the industrial computer. The industrial computer, the second PLC and the linkage platform are all encapsulated in the table body, and the display screen is set On the platform, as shown in Figure 3.
本实施例中,第一PLC设置于待操控塔机的塔身上,便于与已有的塔机PLC连接。上述第一PLC又称为塔上PLC,第二PLC又称 为塔下PLC,塔上PLC通过POWERLINK通信总线与塔下PLC连接,接收由工控机通过塔下PLC传送的指令,或者,向塔下PLC传送采集到的塔机上的各种信号参数,进而传送至工控机进行相应的处理。所述第二PLC通过CAN通信总线连接所述工控机。In this embodiment, the first PLC is arranged on the tower body of the tower crane to be controlled, which is convenient for connection with the existing tower crane PLC. The above-mentioned first PLC is also called the PLC on the tower, and the second PLC is also called the PLC under the tower. The PLC on the tower is connected to the PLC under the tower through the POWERLINK communication bus, and receives instructions transmitted by the industrial computer through the PLC under the tower, or transmits and collects to the PLC under the tower. The various signal parameters on the tower crane are then transmitted to the industrial computer for corresponding processing. The second PLC is connected to the industrial computer through a CAN communication bus.
为了使操作司机具有更好的观测视野,本实施例所述的系统还包括两个第二摄像机,该第二摄像机为自动跟踪摄像机。优选地,第二摄像机为具有自动跟踪拍摄功能的球型摄像机。第二摄像机分别设置于待操控塔机的起重臂臂根和起重臂臂尖上,用于跟踪拍摄塔机的载重小车下方的吊钩和被吊物体,如图4所示。第二摄像机连接地面控制端中的工控机,将拍摄画面实时传送给工控机,并在显示屏上进行显示。本实施例中,第一摄像机和第二摄像机均与工控机无线连接。In order to enable the operator to have a better field of view, the system described in this embodiment further includes two second cameras, and the second cameras are automatic tracking cameras. Preferably, the second camera is a dome camera with an automatic tracking and shooting function. The second cameras are respectively arranged on the boom root and the boom tip of the tower crane to be controlled, and are used to track and photograph the hook and the object being lifted under the trolley of the tower crane, as shown in FIG. 4. The second camera is connected to the industrial computer in the ground control terminal, and transmits the shooting picture to the industrial computer in real time, and displays it on the display screen. In this embodiment, both the first camera and the second camera are wirelessly connected to the industrial computer.
上述第一摄像机、第二摄像机、工控机和显示屏共同构成本实施例中的视频监控系统,用于多角度多方位地展示操作司机所关心的施工画面。同时,为了区分各监控视角的重要程度,研究视频信息采集的位置、角度和种类,本实施例整合有线、无线、4G网络传输技术的优势,并将其应用到不同的视角视频传输,形成塔机高空环境及吊钩多视角的视频组网系统,从而实现远距离、低延迟、大信息量的视频实时监控。具体地,本实施例中的第一摄像机为枪型摄像机,第二摄像机为球型摄像机。操作司机根据第一摄像机和第二摄像机所拍摄的画面来判断最优作业方式,其中,设置于待操控塔机的平衡臂臂根上的第一摄像机有两个,分别设置于平衡臂臂根的左右两侧,用于拍摄平衡臂后方的施工画面;设置于待操控塔机的起重臂臂根上的第一 摄像机有两个,分别设置于起重臂臂根的左右两侧,用于拍摄起重臂前方的施工画面;设置于待操控塔机的载重小车上的第一摄像机有一个,用于实时拍摄载重小车下方、吊钩垂直向下的画面;设置于待操控塔机的回转机构上的第一摄像机有一个,用于拍摄回转机构下方,即施工场景的全角度画面。设置于回转机构上的第一摄像机也可以设置于回转机构下方。第二摄像机有两个,分别设置于待操控塔机的起重臂臂根和起重臂臂尖上,用于广角度自动跟踪拍摄被吊物体,其以吊物为中心的直径范围可以通过工控机的球机自动控制参数进行设置。The above-mentioned first camera, second camera, industrial computer, and display screen together constitute the video surveillance system in this embodiment, which is used to display the construction pictures that the operator cares about in a multi-angle and multi-directional manner. At the same time, in order to distinguish the importance of each monitoring perspective and study the location, angle and type of video information collection, this embodiment integrates the advantages of wired, wireless, and 4G network transmission technologies and applies them to video transmission from different perspectives to form a tower The high-altitude environment of the aircraft and the multi-view video network system of the hook, so as to realize long-distance, low-latency, and large-information real-time video monitoring. Specifically, the first camera in this embodiment is a gun camera, and the second camera is a dome camera. The operator judges the optimal operation mode according to the pictures taken by the first camera and the second camera. Among them, there are two first cameras set on the base of the balance arm of the tower crane to be controlled, and the two are set on the base of the balance arm. The left and right sides are used to shoot the construction pictures behind the balance arm; there are two first cameras set on the base of the boom arm of the tower crane to be controlled, and they are respectively set on the left and right sides of the base of the boom arm for shooting. The construction picture in front of the boom; the first camera installed on the trolley of the tower crane to be controlled has one camera, which is used to take real-time pictures of the underside of the trolley and the hook vertically downwards; set on the slewing mechanism of the tower crane to be controlled There is one camera on the first, which is used to shoot the full-angle picture of the construction scene under the rotating mechanism. The first camera provided on the revolving mechanism may also be provided under the revolving mechanism. There are two second cameras, which are respectively set on the boom root and the boom tip of the tower crane to be controlled, and are used for wide-angle automatic tracking and shooting of the hoisted object. The diameter range centered on the hoisted object can pass through The dome camera automatic control parameters of the industrial computer are set.
如图2所示,本实施例所述的系统还包括:设置于待操控塔机上的安全监控装置,该安全监控装置分别连接塔机PLC和工控机。优选地,安全监控装置通过RS485总线连接塔机PLC,并通过CAN通信总线连接工控机。As shown in FIG. 2, the system described in this embodiment further includes: a safety monitoring device arranged on the tower crane to be controlled, and the safety monitoring device is respectively connected to the tower crane PLC and the industrial computer. Preferably, the safety monitoring device is connected to the PLC of the tower crane through the RS485 bus, and is connected to the industrial computer through the CAN communication bus.
本实施例中,地面控制端(即图2中的地面终控台)还包括:设置于台体表面的报警装置,该报警装置连接工控机。In this embodiment, the ground control terminal (ie, the ground terminal console in FIG. 2) further includes: an alarm device arranged on the surface of the table body, and the alarm device is connected to an industrial computer.
上述安全监控装置中安装有安全监控系统,用于监控塔机动作时的吊装重量、幅度值、高度值、回转值、风速值、倾角值等参数,一旦塔机作业时超出设定的安全范围,安全监控系统就会通过上述报警装置报警或急停塔机,从而确保塔机的安全施工,保证生命财产安全。其工作原理是工控机中安装的路径规划系统通过CAN通信协议发送指令给安全监控系统,然后安全监控系统与原塔机PLC通过RS485进行连接,并在安全监控系统的显示屏上实时显示并监测塔机工作情 况。A safety monitoring system is installed in the above safety monitoring device to monitor the hoisting weight, amplitude value, height value, rotation value, wind speed value, inclination value and other parameters when the tower crane moves. Once the tower crane is operating, it exceeds the set safety range , The safety monitoring system will alarm or stop the tower crane through the above-mentioned alarm device to ensure the safe construction of the tower crane and the safety of life and property. Its working principle is that the path planning system installed in the industrial computer sends instructions to the safety monitoring system through the CAN communication protocol, and then the safety monitoring system is connected with the original tower crane PLC through RS485, and is displayed and monitored in real time on the display of the safety monitoring system The working condition of the tower crane.
如图2所示,本实施例所述的系统还包括:便携操控设备(例如遥控器)和遥控信号接收机。其中,遥控信号接收机设置于待操控塔机上,且遥控信号接收机连接第一PLC(即塔上PLC),遥控器与遥控信号接收机之间无线连接。As shown in FIG. 2, the system described in this embodiment further includes: a portable control device (such as a remote control) and a remote control signal receiver. Wherein, the remote control signal receiver is arranged on the tower crane to be controlled, and the remote control signal receiver is connected to the first PLC (that is, the PLC on the tower), and the remote control and the remote control signal receiver are wirelessly connected.
图5所示的遥控器按键示意图,包含紧急制动、吊钩上/下,回转左/右,变幅大/小、快速模式、慢速模式、启动和备用这些功能按键,现场施吊人员可以拿着遥控器对塔机实施上述操作,实现塔机的精细作业。具体操作是先按下启动按键,然后选择快速或慢速模式中的一种,接着再根据塔机的状态按下相应的起升、回转、变幅按键,从而控制塔机按照命令执行,最后,如果遇到紧急情况需要停止塔机,按下紧急制动按键即可。The schematic diagram of the remote control buttons shown in Figure 5, including emergency brake, hook up/down, turn left/right, luffing large/small, fast mode, slow mode, start and standby these function keys, on-site lifting personnel You can use the remote control to perform the above operations on the tower crane to realize the delicate operation of the tower crane. The specific operation is to first press the start button, then select one of the fast or slow mode, and then press the corresponding lifting, turning, and luffing buttons according to the state of the tower crane, so as to control the tower crane to execute according to the command. , If you need to stop the tower crane in an emergency, just press the emergency brake button.
在进行遥控操作的过程中,首先,遥控器发送按键上的指令并通过遥控信号接收机433无线通信进行接收,接着通过CAN通信将命令信号传递给塔上PLC(即第一PLC),塔上PLC将控制命令信号通过I/O映射至已有的塔机PLC,从而塔机的各执行机构根据所传递的命令执行相应的回转、变幅、起升动作,从而在遥控器模式下控制塔机。In the process of remote control operation, first, the remote control sends the instructions on the buttons and receives them through the remote control signal receiver 433 wireless communication, and then transmits the command signal to the PLC on the tower (ie the first PLC) through CAN communication, The PLC maps the control command signal to the existing tower crane PLC through I/O, so that the various actuators of the tower crane execute the corresponding rotation, luffing, and lifting actions according to the transmitted commands, so as to control the tower in the remote control mode machine.
本实施例所述的系统还包括:具有定位功能的智能安全帽,该智能安全帽与地面控制端的工控机无线连接。进一步地,智能安全帽的帽体上还设置有摄像头和第一麦克风,具有拍摄和通话功能,且摄像头和第一麦克风均与地面控制端的工控机无线连接。The system described in this embodiment also includes: a smart safety helmet with a positioning function, and the smart safety helmet is wirelessly connected to an industrial computer on the ground control terminal. Further, the cap body of the smart helmet is also provided with a camera and a first microphone, which have shooting and call functions, and both the camera and the first microphone are wirelessly connected with the industrial computer on the ground control terminal.
为了实现语音通话功能,本实施例中的地面控制端还包括:第二麦克风,该第二麦克风设置于地面控制端台体的上表面,且第二麦克风连接工控机。In order to realize the voice call function, the ground control terminal in this embodiment further includes: a second microphone, the second microphone is arranged on the upper surface of the ground control terminal body, and the second microphone is connected to the industrial computer.
上述智能安全帽、安装于工控机中的网页登录安全帽监控系统、第二麦克风和显示屏共同组成智能安全帽监控系统。其中,智能安全帽由现场施吊人员佩戴,具有定位、通话、拍摄视频等功能,通过4G信号与地面控制端进行通信。操作司机在地面控制端上通过显示屏3显示的安全帽监控系统进行登录,此系统基于北斗导航能实时显示智能安全帽所在的位置,操作司机随时可以和现场施吊人员发送语音、视频通话请求,智能安全帽能够将现场拍摄的画面传送到地面控制端的工控机,并通过显示屏3进行显示。此方法不仅增加了更多的现场视角以方便操作司机进行判断,也便于操作司机与现场施吊人员及时进行沟通,减少误操作。The above-mentioned smart safety helmet, the webpage login safety helmet monitoring system installed in the industrial computer, the second microphone and the display screen together form the smart safety helmet monitoring system. Among them, the smart helmet is worn by the person who hangs it on site, has functions such as positioning, calling, and shooting video, and communicates with the ground control terminal through a 4G signal. The operating driver logs in through the helmet monitoring system displayed on the display 3 on the ground control terminal. Based on Beidou navigation, the system can display the location of the smart helmet in real time. The operator can send voice and video call requests to the lifting personnel at any time. , The smart helmet can transmit the scene shot on-site to the industrial computer on the ground control end, and display it on the display screen 3. This method not only adds more on-site perspectives to facilitate the operator's judgment, but also facilitates the operator's timely communication with the on-site lifting personnel, reducing misoperations.
本实施例中的显示屏有3个,如图3所示。其中,显示屏1和显示屏2用于显示第一摄像机和第二摄像机的实时拍摄画面,操作司机也可以按照个人操作习惯登录视频管理系统对视频画面进行设置,上述视频管理系统安装于工控机中,属于工控机中路径规划系统的一部分。在实际应用中,图3中示出的最左边的显示屏1用于显示不常用到的辅助视角画面;中间的显示屏2用于显示吊装操作的主要视角画面;最右边的显示屏3用于显示安全帽监控系统的登录界面,安全帽监控系统基于北斗卫星导航实时显示智能安全帽的当前位置。当操作司机通过地面控制端与现场施吊人员进行视频通话时,会拍摄现场施 吊人员所佩戴的智能安全帽的前方画面,操作司机根据所拍摄画面就可以很清晰地了解到吊装设备周围的环境,进而通过联动台操作手柄操控联动台以对货物进行吊装。本实施例中,为了方便实际操作、模拟真实的塔上操作环境,联动台分为左联动台和右联动台两部分。本实施例中的联动台与现有的塔机上的联动台的结构、功能相同。There are three display screens in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3. Among them, the display screen 1 and the display screen 2 are used to display the real-time shooting images of the first camera and the second camera. The operator can also log in to the video management system to set the video images according to personal operating habits. The above video management system is installed on the industrial computer In, it is part of the path planning system in the industrial computer. In practical applications, the leftmost display screen 1 shown in Figure 3 is used to display the rarely used auxiliary viewing angle picture; the middle display screen 2 is used to display the main viewing angle picture of the lifting operation; the rightmost display screen 3 is used To display the login interface of the helmet monitoring system, the helmet monitoring system displays the current position of the smart helmet in real time based on Beidou satellite navigation. When the operator conducts a video call with the hoisting personnel through the ground control terminal, the front image of the smart helmet worn by the hoisting personnel will be captured. The operator can clearly understand the surroundings of the hoisting equipment according to the captured images. Environment, and then manipulate the linkage platform through the linkage platform operating handle to hoist the goods. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate actual operations and simulate a real tower operating environment, the linkage platform is divided into two parts, a left linkage platform and a right linkage platform. The linkage platform in this embodiment has the same structure and function as the linkage platform on the existing tower crane.
本实施例中,地面控制端前方还设置有司机座椅,地面控制端和司机座椅均设置于预设的地面操控室中。如图3所示,地面操控室中还设置有地面控制端的电控柜和智能安全帽的充电放置柜。In this embodiment, a driver's seat is also provided in front of the ground control terminal, and both the ground control terminal and the driver's seat are arranged in a preset ground control room. As shown in Figure 3, the ground control room is also provided with an electric control cabinet for the ground control terminal and a charging storage cabinet for the smart helmet.
本实施例中,所述地面控制端还包括:触摸屏,该触摸屏镶嵌于地面控制端台体的上表面,且触摸屏连接工控机,用于展示工控机的各种系统参数,操作司机可通过该触摸屏对上述各种系统参数进行设置。In this embodiment, the ground control terminal further includes a touch screen, which is inlaid on the upper surface of the ground control terminal body, and the touch screen is connected to an industrial computer to display various system parameters of the industrial computer. The operator can use this The touch screen sets the above-mentioned various system parameters.
具体地,地面控制端的工控机中安装有路径规划系统,该路径规划系统是各个分系统的集合,如图6所示。本实施例中的路径规划系统将主界面、摄像头控制、安全监控系统、智能安全帽通信、系统设置等部分的状态通过图3所示的显示屏进行显示,操作司机通过触摸屏可对系统状态进行设置并控制塔机运行。主界面显示了塔机的边界设定、算法调试、任务模式、运动控制参数等;摄像头控制界面显示了球型摄像机1/2的手动或自动控制模式选择、安装水平或垂直偏差,手动控制模式下的垂直向上/下、水平向左/右、放大、缩小命令,自动控制模式下的视角允许偏离百分比、拍摄画面垂直范围、吊绳长度;安全监控系统实时显示吊钩当前高度、幅度、回转角度、重量、力矩、 风速、最大工作高度/幅度、力矩限位、幅度限位、吊重限位、回转限位、高度限位、风速限位等信息;智能安全帽监控系统界面实时显示每顶智能安全帽的坐标值并能够呼叫智能安全帽;系统设置界面为电控系统类型选择、远控模式选择和控制模式选择。Specifically, a path planning system is installed in the industrial computer on the ground control end, and the path planning system is a collection of various sub-systems, as shown in FIG. 6. The path planning system in this embodiment displays the status of the main interface, camera control, security monitoring system, smart helmet communication, system settings, etc., on the display screen shown in Figure 3. The operating driver can monitor the system status through the touch screen. Set up and control the operation of the tower crane. The main interface shows the tower crane's boundary settings, algorithm debugging, task mode, motion control parameters, etc.; the camera control interface shows the manual or automatic control mode selection of the dome camera 1/2, installation horizontal or vertical deviation, manual control mode Downward vertical up/down, horizontal left/right, zoom in and zoom out commands, the allowable deviation percentage of the viewing angle in the automatic control mode, the vertical range of the shooting picture, and the length of the rope; the safety monitoring system displays the current height, amplitude, and rotation of the hook in real time Angle, weight, torque, wind speed, maximum working height/amplitude, torque limit, amplitude limit, hoisting limit, rotation limit, height limit, wind speed limit and other information; the intelligent safety helmet monitoring system interface displays real-time The coordinate value of the top smart helmet can be called the smart helmet; the system setting interface is the selection of electronic control system type, remote control mode selection and control mode selection.
本实施例中的上述控制模式有三种,分别是司机控制、遥控控制和自动运行控制。在此期间,塔机司机/操作司机可以和现场施吊人员配合作业。There are three above-mentioned control modes in this embodiment, namely driver control, remote control and automatic operation control. During this period, the tower crane driver/operating driver can cooperate with the lifting personnel on site.
司机控制模式是指塔机司机/操作司机通过地面控制端的联动台操作对塔机进行控制的方式。其具体实现方式是将联动台的起升、回转、变幅、急停、风标、旁路等命令映射到塔下PLC(即第二PLC),然后塔下PLC将这些命令以及路径规划系统发送过来的命令全部打包通过POWERLINK进行通信发送给塔上PLC,最后塔上PLC与原来已有的塔机PLC相连接,将输入输出信号的命令映射到塔机各执行机构,从而实现对塔机的操控。与此同时,塔上PLC会通过POWERLINK进行通信将指示灯力矩红、指示灯力矩黄、指示灯重量红、指示灯重量黄、指示灯蜂鸣器、风标指示灯等这些信号传递给塔下PLC,最后通过塔下PLC的I/O口映射到联动台。The driver control mode refers to the way in which the tower crane driver/operating driver controls the tower crane through the operation of the linkage platform on the ground control end. The specific implementation method is to map the lifting, turning, luffing, emergency stop, wind vane, bypass and other commands of the linkage platform to the PLC under the tower (that is, the second PLC), and then the PLC under the tower sends these commands and the path planning system. The commands are all packaged and sent to the PLC on the tower through POWERLINK communication. Finally, the PLC on the tower is connected to the existing tower crane PLC, and the input and output signal commands are mapped to the tower crane's various actuators to realize the control of the tower crane. . At the same time, the PLC on the tower will communicate through POWERLINK to transmit the indicator torque red, indicator torque yellow, indicator weight red, indicator weight yellow, indicator buzzer, weathercock indicator and other signals to the PLC under the tower. , And finally mapped to the linkage platform through the I/O port of the PLC under the tower.
遥控控制模式是指现场施吊人员手持遥控器对塔机进行控制的方式。其具体实现方式是遥控器发送操作指令,如吊钩向上、吊钩向下、小车变幅向外、小车变幅向内、塔机回转、启动、紧急停止运行等,塔上遥控器接收机接收到这些命令后通过CAN通信总线连接到塔上PLC,然后塔上PLC将指令发送给原来已有的塔机PLC,最后 将输入输出信号的命令映射到塔机各执行机构,从而实现对塔机的操控。但是司机控制模式对塔机的控制具有绝对的优先权,也就是说,当现场施吊人员遥控塔机进行操作不当作业时,司机在联动台上对塔机进行任何的操作都会及时抢断现场施吊人员的控制权。The remote control mode refers to the way that the crane operator controls the tower crane by holding the remote control on site. The specific implementation method is that the remote control sends operation instructions, such as hook up, hook down, trolley luffing outward, trolley luffing inward, tower crane rotation, start, emergency stop operation, etc., and the tower remote control receiver After receiving these commands, it is connected to the PLC on the tower through the CAN communication bus, and then the PLC on the tower sends the instructions to the original existing tower crane PLC, and finally maps the input and output signal commands to the tower crane's various actuators to realize the tower The control of the machine. However, the driver control mode has absolute priority to the control of the tower crane. That is to say, when the crane operator remotely controls the tower crane to perform improper operations, the driver will promptly intercept the on-site construction if the driver performs any operation on the tower crane on the linkage platform. Control of hoisting personnel.
自动运行模式是指塔机根据程序设定状态自动运行的模式。The automatic operation mode refers to the mode in which the tower crane automatically operates according to the programmed state.
本实用新型所述的地面操控塔机系统,由于在塔机的平衡臂、起重臂、载重小车和回转机构上均布置了摄像机,摄像机与地面控制端中的工控机连接,因此能够多角度全方位地在显示屏上显示司机所关注的施工画面,从而减少塔机操作时的安全隐患,进而提高施工效率;又由于在塔机上和塔机下分别设置了第一PLC和第二PLC,系统能够通过第二PLC将联动台和工控机的指令传送给第一PLC,进而传送给待操控塔机上已有的塔机PLC,通过该塔机PLC控制塔机执行机构的运行。同时,地面控制端中各设备的一体化封装设置使得操作者能够在不改变原有的塔上操作习惯的前提下,进行塔下正常作业。The ground control tower crane system of the utility model is equipped with cameras on the balance arm, lifting arm, load trolley and slewing mechanism of the tower crane, and the camera is connected to the industrial computer in the ground control end, so it can be multi-angled The construction screen that the driver pays attention to is displayed on the display screen in all directions, thereby reducing potential safety hazards during tower crane operation and improving construction efficiency; and because the first PLC and second PLC are set up on the tower crane and under the tower crane respectively, The system can transmit the instructions of the linkage platform and the industrial computer to the first PLC through the second PLC, and then to the existing tower crane PLC on the tower crane to be controlled, and the tower crane PLC controls the operation of the tower crane actuator. At the same time, the integrated packaging of the equipment in the ground control terminal enables the operator to perform normal operations under the tower without changing the original operating habits on the tower.
以上结合附图详细描述了本实用新型实施例的可选实施方式,但是,本实用新型实施例并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本实用新型实施例的技术构思范围内,可以对本实用新型实施例的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本实用新型实施例的保护范围。The optional implementations of the embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the specific details in the above-mentioned implementation manners. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of the present utility model, the present utility model can be modified. The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiment of the utility model.
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复,本实用新型实施例对各种可能的组合方式不再 另行说明。In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the foregoing specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner, provided that there is no contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not further described in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (14)

  1. 一种吊装方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:A hoisting method, characterized in that the method includes:
    获取现场的多个现场施工图像以及吊装作业设备的吊装作业信息,所述吊装作业信息包括起吊位置信息和落钩位置信息;Acquiring multiple on-site construction images and hoisting operation information of hoisting operation equipment on the site, where the hoisting operation information includes hoisting position information and hook drop position information;
    在所述吊装作业设备根据执行指令进行吊装作业的过程中,根据所述现场施工图像和吊装作业信息在地面控制端对所述吊装作业的执行进行监控。During the hoisting operation performed by the hoisting operation equipment according to the execution instruction, the execution of the hoisting operation is monitored at the ground control terminal according to the on-site construction image and the hoisting operation information.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述执行指令来自路径规划子系统或现场施吊人员。The hoisting method according to claim 1, wherein the execution instruction comes from a path planning subsystem or an on-site hoisting person.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述对所述吊装作业的执行进行监控,包括:The hoisting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation comprises:
    监控所述吊装作业设备在执行吊装作业的过程中的系统参数;Monitoring the system parameters of the hoisting operation equipment in the process of performing the hoisting operation;
    当所述系统参数中的任一参数超出与该参数对应的预设阈值时,下达报警指令和\或下达急停指令。When any of the system parameters exceeds the preset threshold corresponding to the parameter, an alarm instruction and/or an emergency stop instruction are issued.
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述对所述吊装作业的执行进行监控,包括:The hoisting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the monitoring the execution of the hoisting operation comprises:
    根据所述现场施工图像判断所述吊装作业的过程中是否存在障碍物;Judging whether there is an obstacle during the hoisting operation according to the on-site construction image;
    确定存在所述障碍物时,对所述吊装作业设备下达急停指令。When it is determined that the obstacle exists, an emergency stop instruction is issued to the hoisting equipment.
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,在所述执行指令来自于路径规划子系统的情况下,所述执行指令通过以下方式生成:The hoisting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the case that the execution instruction comes from a path planning subsystem, the execution instruction is generated in the following manner:
    获取所述吊装作业信息中的起吊位置信息和落钩位置信息;Acquiring the lifting position information and the hook drop position information in the lifting operation information;
    根据所述起吊位置信息和所述落钩位置信息确定吊装路径,其中所述吊装路径包括吊装作业设备待执行的回转角度、变幅幅度和吊钩高度;Determining a hoisting path according to the hoisting position information and the hook drop position information, wherein the hoisting path includes the rotation angle, the amplitude of luffing, and the hook height of the hoisting equipment to be executed;
    根据所述吊装路径生成控制所述吊装作业设备的执行指令。According to the hoisting path, an execution instruction for controlling the hoisting work equipment is generated.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述路径规划子系统在生成执行指令的过程中,还包括:The hoisting method according to claim 5, characterized in that, in the process of generating the execution instruction by the path planning subsystem, the method further comprises:
    根据所述现场施工图像判断所述吊装路径中是否存在障碍物;Judging whether there is an obstacle in the hoisting path according to the on-site construction image;
    确定存在所述障碍物时,重新规划所述吊装路径,以绕开所述障碍物。When it is determined that the obstacle exists, the hoisting path is re-planned to avoid the obstacle.
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,在所述执行指令来自现场施吊人员的情况下,所述执行指令通过以下方式获得:The hoisting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the case that the execution instruction comes from an on-site hoisting person, the execution instruction is obtained in the following manner:
    所述现场施吊人员通过便携操控设备对所述吊装作业设备发送执行指令。The on-site hoisting personnel sends execution instructions to the hoisting equipment through a portable control device.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述现场施工图像包括:吊装作业设备的平衡臂后方、起重臂前方、载重小车下方和回转机构下方的现场拍摄图像。The hoisting method according to claim 1, wherein the on-site construction images include: on-site photographed images of the rear of the balance arm of the hoisting equipment, the front of the crane arm, the lower part of the truck, and the lower part of the slewing mechanism.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述现场施工图像还包括:对所述载重小车下方的吊钩和被吊物体跟踪拍摄的吊装作业图像。The hoisting method according to claim 8, wherein the on-site construction image further comprises: a hoisting operation image captured by tracking the hook and the hoisted object under the trolley.
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述现场施工图像还包括:现场施吊人员的现场操作图像,所述现场操作图像通 过设置于所述现场施吊人员所佩戴的安全帽上的移动图像采集装置拍摄。The hoisting method according to claim 8, wherein the on-site construction image further comprises: on-site operation images of the on-site hoisting personnel, and the on-site operation images are set on the safety helmet worn by the on-site hoisting personnel. On the mobile image capture device.
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述系统参数包括以下中的一个或多个:吊钩高度、吊钩幅度、吊钩回转角度、吊装重量、起重臂倾角。The hoisting method according to claim 3, wherein the system parameters include one or more of the following: hook height, hook amplitude, hook rotation angle, hoisting weight, boom inclination angle.
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的吊装方法,其特征在于,所述路径规划子系统还用于:设置系统状态参数、设置所述现场施工图像的显示模式及设置系统的控制模式。The hoisting method according to claim 2, wherein the path planning subsystem is further used for setting system state parameters, setting the display mode of the on-site construction image, and setting the control mode of the system.
  13. 一种吊装控制系统,其特征在于,该系统包括:A hoisting control system, characterized in that the system includes:
    至少一个处理器;At least one processor;
    存储器,与所述至少一个处理器连接;A memory connected to the at least one processor;
    其中,所述存储器存储有能被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述至少一个处理器通过执行所述存储器存储的指令实现权利要求1至12中任意一项权利要求所述的吊装方法。Wherein, the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the hoisting method according to any one of claims 1 to 12 by executing the instructions stored in the memory .
  14. 一种工程机械,其特征在于,所述工程机械配置有权利要求13所述的吊装控制系统。An engineering machine, characterized in that the engineering machine is equipped with the hoisting control system according to claim 13.
PCT/CN2020/100414 2019-11-13 2020-07-06 Hoisting method, hoisting control system, and construction machinery WO2021093347A1 (en)

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