WO2021091237A1 - Device, consumable supplies, method and system for processing blood - Google Patents

Abstract

A blood processing device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a plurality of fluid chambers having inner spaces; a chamber pressurizing member for compressing or expanding the inner spaces of the plurality of fluid chambers; a pressurizing member actuator for actuating the chamber pressurizing member; and a flow path regulating part. Each of the plurality of chambers is connected to a first flow tube through which fluid flows into the chambers and a second flow tube through which the fluid of the chambers flows out, and the flow path regulating part regulates the flow through the flow tubes connected to the chambers.

Description

Devices, consumables, methods and systems for blood processing

The present invention relates to an apparatus, consumables, and method for blood treatment, and more particularly, by simultaneously compressing or expanding a plurality of fluid chambers and transporting blood and dialysis solution together through this, the entire apparatus is simplified, installation is easy, and treatment. It relates to a blood treatment apparatus and method with reduced cost.

When kidney function is impaired, water and waste products to be discharged from the body accumulate in the body, and at the same time, an electrolyte imbalance occurs. As a method of improving such symptoms of renal failure, hemodialysis therapy, which circulates blood outside the body and removes urea toxin and excess water accumulated in the body through a semi-permeable membrane, has been mainly implemented. Hemodialysis uses the principle of diffusion due to the difference in concentration of the two fluids and filtration due to the difference in pressure by flowing blood to the other side of the semipermeable membrane to remove urinary toxins and excess moisture in the body. It is a method of removing and balancing electrolytes.

Blood treatment therapy is a method of circulating blood to the outside of the body to remove toxic substances in the blood or to supply beneficial components. Hemodialysis is a typical blood treatment therapy. Blood treatment therapy is used with a blood treatment filter in which substances are transferred between physiological body fluids such as blood and purified sterile solutions such as dialysis solutions.

A hollow fiber membrane type blood treatment filter in which a semi-permeable membrane is loaded in a cylindrical container and potted using a synthetic resin such as polyurethane at both ends is mainly used so that material movement can easily occur while the blood and dialysis solution pass. This is because the hollow fiber type blood treatment filter has a large mass transfer area compared to its size, so that high mass transfer efficiency can be achieved.

As the blood and the dialysis solution pass through the blood treatment filter, the hydrostatic pressure decreases.Since the blood and the dialysis solution flow in opposite directions within the blood treatment filter, the blood pressure in the inlet part of the blood treatment filter Since the pressure is higher than the pressure, a filtration phenomenon occurs in which the water in the blood moves to the dialysis solution area. On the contrary, in the blood outflow part, the dialysis solution pressure is higher than the blood pressure.

In the case of the existing blood treatment device, the flow of the dialysis solution is controlled by using a balancing chamber connected to a plurality of dialysis solution lines and two or more dialysis solution pumps, and blood is transferred through a blood pump. In addition, periodic sterilization is inevitable for the above-described balancing chamber and dialysis solution pump, and therefore, the existing blood treatment apparatus is very complicated and it is very difficult for patients to use it.

The present invention has been devised to solve the problem of such an existing blood treatment apparatus, and simultaneously compresses or expands a plurality of fluid chambers using a single chamber pressing member, thereby simultaneously transferring blood and a dialysis solution. The plurality of fluid chambers may maintain the same amount of the dialysis solution supplied to the blood treatment filter and the dialysis solution discharged from the blood treatment filter. Therefore, the use of the existing blood pump and balancing chamber can be excluded, and through this, the entire blood processing device can be drastically reduced in size and weight, it is easy to install, and the cost of blood processing can be reduced. Accordingly, the blood processing apparatus according to the present invention is characterized by providing a blood processing apparatus capable of efficiently performing blood processing not only in a hospital but also in a place outside the hospital.

A blood processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a plurality of fluid chambers each having an internal space, a chamber pressing member capable of compressing or expanding the internal space of each fluid chamber, and pressurizing the chamber. It is configured to include a pressing member driver capable of driving the member, and a flow path control unit.

The plurality of fluid chambers includes n fluid chambers, where n has an integer value of 2 or more. In addition, each of the n fluid chambers may be configured by being connected to an inlet pipe through which a fluid flows into the chamber and an outlet pipe through which the fluid inside the chamber flows out.

The flow path control unit is characterized in that it controls the flow (or flow path) through the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe connected to the n number of fluid chambers. Thus, a variety of valve structures can be used to open or shut off the flow, for example:

A one-way valve installed in each flow pipe through which an internal flow path is controlled by the flow path control unit to restrict the internal flow to flow in one direction;

A solenoid valve installed in each flow pipe through which an internal flow path is controlled by the flow path control unit to open or block the internal flow;

A flow path blocking member capable of blocking the flow by compressing a part of the flow pipe through linear or curved movement, a flow blocking wall supporting the flow pipe compressed by the flow blocking member, and a flow blocking member driving the flow blocking member A pressurized valve comprising an actuator; And

A flow path control housing having an internal space, a flow path control rotor installed to rotate or move linearly in the internal space of the flow control housing, a plurality of flow control porters installed to pass through the flow control housing, and drive the flow control rotor A rotary valve including a rotor driving unit; And the like.

Here, the flow path control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that when the chamber is compressed or expanded, the flow path through about half of the flow pipes in which the internal flow path is controlled by the flow path control unit is blocked. .

According to the blood processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of fluid chambers are simultaneously compressed or expanded using a single chamber pressurizing member, thereby simultaneously transferring blood and a dialysis solution. The plurality of fluid chambers may maintain the same amount of the dialysis solution supplied to the blood treatment filter and the dialysis solution discharged from the blood treatment filter. Therefore, the use of the existing blood pump and balancing chamber can be excluded, and through this, the entire blood processing device can be drastically reduced in size and weight, it is easy to install, and the cost of blood processing can be reduced. Therefore, the blood processing apparatus according to the present invention can efficiently perform blood processing not only in a hospital, but also in a place outside the hospital.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a blood processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 and 3 are flow circuit diagrams of a blood processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 and 5 show an example of a fluid transfer device included in the blood processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 shows a blood processing filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 and 8 show a flow path control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as a pressurized valve.

9 and 10 show a flow path control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as a rotary valve.

11 is a flow circuit diagram of a blood treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention having a flow path control unit configured as a rotary valve.

12 shows a flow path control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as a rotary valve.

13 and 14 are flow circuit diagrams of a blood processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention having four fluid chambers.

15 is a flow circuit diagram of a blood treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention having three fluid chambers.

16 is a flow circuit diagram of a blood treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention having four fluid chambers.

17 and 18 are flow circuit diagrams of a blood treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention having five fluid chambers.

19 and 20 are flow circuit diagrams of a blood processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention having six fluid chambers.

21 and 22 are flow circuit diagrams of a blood treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention having six fluid chambers.

23 and 24 are flow circuit diagrams of a blood treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention having six fluid chambers.

25 and 26 are flow circuit diagrams of a blood treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention having a flow path control unit composed of a one-way valve and six fluid chambers.

27 and 28 are flow circuit diagrams of a blood treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention having eight fluid chambers.

29 is a flow circuit diagram of a blood processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention having a blood pump.

30 is a flow circuit diagram of a blood processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention in which the fluid chamber is vertically configured.

31 shows a method of operating a flow path control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described later and may be variously modified. In describing the present invention, the size or shape of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated or simplified for clarity and convenience of description. In addition, terms specifically defined in consideration of the configuration and operation of the present invention may vary according to the intention or custom of users or operators. These terms should be interpreted as meanings and concepts consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the contents throughout the present specification.

In describing the present invention, the elements of the invention expressed in the singular are preferably interpreted as including the meaning that there may be a plurality of the elements. Also, in the case of expressions that determine the position between the elements of the invention, it is desirable to be interpreted as broadly as possible. For example, meaning that a first element is on, between, or next to a second element may be a third other element between two elements. In describing the present invention, the meaning of “the same or the same” is preferably interpreted as including substantially the same or identical cases in addition to the meaning of “completely” the same. The meaning of expressing the equality of time, such as “at the same time”, includes a case that occurs at a very similar time (time) in addition to the meaning that occurs completely “at the same time”. Components of the same invention in the drawings are represented by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

Hereinafter, a blood processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a conceptual diagram of a blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The blood processing apparatus according to the present invention is a concept including various apparatuses for providing treatment to a patient through blood, as well as simple processing such as separating plasma or blood cells from blood or preserving blood. Hemodialysis devices for patients with renal failure, hepatodialysis devices for patients with acute liver failure, extracorporeal life supporter (ECLS) that replaces the function of the lungs or heart, or various treatments for multi-organ failure. It may include a purification device or the like.

The blood processing device may include a blood processing device unit 2 and a consumable set 3. The blood processing unit 2 is a hardware unit, and various electronic devices are usually provided inside a housing, and through this, a blood processing therapy can be performed. Various software and programs are installed to drive various electronic devices inside the blood processing unit 2. The consumable set 3 is a one-time element that is usually discarded after being used for a short period of time, such as once or twice, and a flow pipe through which blood, dialysis solution, or various solutions flow, an air chamber for removing air, or/and a blood treatment filter 10 And the like.

2 and 3 show a flow circuit diagram of the blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The blood treatment device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fluid transfer device 50 for transferring blood and a dialysis solution, a dialysis solution treatment part 30 for preparing a dialysis solution by adjusting the ion balance (concentration), It is configured to include a water treatment device unit 40 for producing ultrapure water, and a flow path control unit 60 for adjusting a flow path through a flow pipe through which the fluid flows. In addition, it includes various monitoring sensors 24 and 34, and includes a blood processing filter 10 in which blood processing occurs. For example, material transfer may occur between the blood and the dialysis solution within the blood treatment filter 10.

The fluid transfer device 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention drives a plurality of fluid chambers having an inner space, a chamber pressurizing member 59 for compressing or expanding the inner spaces of the plurality of fluid chambers, and a chamber pressurizing member. It is configured to include a pressurizing member driver (not shown). The plurality of fluid chambers include n-th fluid chambers having an inner space, where n has a positive integer value of 2 or more. Preferably, the blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to include 3 to 8 fluid chambers. For example, FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams illustrating a flow circuit diagram of a blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is configured to include 4 fluid chambers and 6 fluid chambers 51 to 56, respectively. will be.

Here, although the expression “dialysis solution” is used, it is an expression to distinguish it from blood, and the dialysis solution is not limited to a dialysis solution used for hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for acute renal failure patients. The dialysis solution is meant to include various fluids used in blood treatment therapy, and may include, for example, plasma, serum, distilled water, physiological saline, lactose solution, and the like.

Each of the chambers may be connected to an inlet pipe through which fluid flows into the chamber and an outlet pipe through which fluid flows out of the chamber. The first chamber 51 is connected to the first chamber inlet pipe 51a and the first chamber outlet pipe 51b, and the fluid flows into the first chamber 51 through the first chamber inlet pipe 51a. The fluid in the first chamber 51 may be discharged through the first chamber outlet pipe 51b. Similarly, the second chamber 52 is connected to the second chamber inlet pipe 52a and the second chamber outlet pipe 52b, and fluid flows into the second chamber 52 through the second chamber inlet pipe 52a. And the fluid in the second chamber 52 may flow out through the second chamber outlet pipe 52b. The same goes for other chambers.

Here, the expressions inlet pipe and outlet pipe are used, but this does not mean that the fluid flows into the chamber through the inlet pipe and the fluid flows out through the outlet pipe. For example, the fluid may be introduced into the chamber through the outlet pipe, or the fluid may be introduced or discharged through both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. Although it is shown that two flow pipes (that is, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe) are connected to each chamber, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe connected to each chamber partially overlap each other, and each chamber has one Flow pipes can be connected.

The n fluid chambers are simultaneously compressed or expanded. That is, all n chambers may be compressed at the same time, or all n chambers may be expanded at the same time. Alternatively, some of the n fluid chambers may be compressed and other parts may be expanded at the same time. For example, when the fluid transfer device 50 includes six fluid chambers, all six chambers may be compressed or expanded at once. Alternatively, any three of the six chambers may be compressed and the other three may be expanded. Alternatively, any four of the six chambers may be compressed and the other two may be expanded at the same time, or conversely, any four may be expanded and the other two may be compressed.

2 and 3, the fluid chamber has a cylindrical inner space, and the chamber pressing member 59 is shown to have a piston shape for compressing or expanding the cylindrical inner space. However, the chamber and the chamber pressing member according to an embodiment of the present invention are not limited to the illustrated shape. A container having an inner space to accommodate a fluid and various members capable of transferring the fluid therein by compressing or expanding the inner space of the container may be used as the chamber and the chamber pressing member of the present invention. For example, a fluid sac having an internal space, a fluid bag, a flexible fluid tube capable of compression expansion, and the fluid cell, a fluid bag or the inside of a fluid tube are expanded or compressed. By doing so, it may be composed of a pressurizing member capable of discharging the fluid therein.

In addition, the fluid chamber is made of a hard material to have a predetermined shape (for example, a cylinder shape), and at this time, the chamber pressing member 59 may include a portion made of a soft material such as rubber, polymer, silicone, etc. . Alternatively, the chamber may be formed of a flexible material that is easily compressed and expanded, and in this case, the chamber pressing member 59 may be formed of a hard material that compresses or expands the soft fluid chamber.

For example, FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a fluid transfer device 50 having a chamber in the form of a fluid sachet (or fluid bag) made of a soft material and having the same internal space. Here, the fluid sacks described above may be installed in the frame 590 so that they can be easily installed. The chamber pressurizing member 59 has a structure that compresses or expands the fluid sachet, for example, the fluid sacks can be compressed or expanded by the operation of a pneumatic actuator such as a pneumatic pump, a gas pump, or a vacuum pump. . That is, the pneumatic channel 591 is expanded or compressed by a pneumatic actuator located in the housing 4 of the blood treatment device 1, through which the fluid sac can be compressed or expanded. This is because the pneumatic channel 591 is connected to the space surrounding the fluid sac. That is, it means that the pneumatic channel 591 can serve as the chamber pressing member 59. At this time, a gasket 592 may be additionally installed to prevent leakage of the space surrounding the fluid sac, and the gasket 592 may be made of a hard material such as plastic, metal, polymer, etc. as well as a soft material. have.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the chambers can be compressed or expanded at the same time, and thus the chambers are compressed or expanded by one chamber pressing member 59, and similarly, the chamber pressing member 59 ) Can be driven. The pressurizing member driver may be of various forms capable of transferring a linear motion or a curved motion to the chamber pressurizing member 59. For example, it may be configured to include a motor and a cam rotated by the motor to move the chamber pressing member 59 in one direction. Alternatively, a motor and a circular gear rotated by the motor, a linear gear that performs linear motion by the rotation of the circular gear, or the like can be used. The chamber pressing member 59 moves in one direction by the rotation of the cam or circular gear, and the chamber pressing member 59 can move in the opposite direction by further rotating the cam or circular gear or rotating in the reverse direction.

As the blood treatment filter 10, various filter devices capable of blood treatment may be used. 6 shows an example of a blood treatment filter 10, wherein the blood treatment filter 10 is accommodated in a blood treatment filter housing 11 having an internal space, the blood treatment filter housing 11, and is used for blood and dialysis. It may consist of a blood treatment membrane 12 in which mass transfer occurs between solutions. The inner space of the blood treatment filter 10 may be divided into a plurality of fluid flow regions by the membrane 12. For example, the inner space of the blood treatment filter housing 11 is located in the blood treatment membrane 12. As a result, it can be divided into a section through which blood flows and a section through which dialysis solution flows.

A first blood porter 13 and a second blood porter 14 are provided at one end and the other end of the blood treatment filter housing 11, and blood flows into the blood treatment filter 10 through the first blood porter 13 And may be discharged through the second blood porter 14. Accordingly, the first blood porter 13 and the second blood porter 14 are connected to the first blood flow pipe 21 and the second blood flow pipe 22, respectively, through which blood is transferred to the blood processing filter 10. It can flow. A first dialysis solution porter 15 and a second dialysis solution porter 16 are provided on one side and the other side of the outer circumferential surface of the blood treatment filter housing 11 to allow the dialysis solution to flow. It is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the solution porter 15, and the second dialysis solution porter 16 may be discharged from the blood treatment filter 10.

Blood passes through a blood flow compartment inside the blood treatment filter 10 and the dialysis solution passes through the dialysis solution flow region inside the blood treatment filter 10. At this time, the blood and the dialysis solution may flow in opposite directions within the blood treatment filter 10. The blood treatment filter is not limited to the illustrated form and may be changed in various forms, and may include, for example, a hemodialysis filter, a hemodiafilter, an adsorption filter, and the like.

The blood treatment apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a dialysis solution treatment unit 30 for preparing a dialysis solution. The dialysis solution treatment unit 30 contains acid ions and bicarbonate solutions, or acid ions and bicarbonate powder in ultrapure water generated through the water treatment unit 40. It can be prepared by mixing and adjusting the concentration and pH of electrolytes such as bicarbonate and sodium.

The dialysis solution processing unit 30 may further include a dialysis solution processing pump 31 for transferring the above-described acid ion solution and bicarbonate ion solution. The dialysis solution processing pump 31 may also be divided into a first dialysis solution processing pump 31a for transferring the first ionic solution and a second dialysis solution processing pump 31b for transferring the second ionic solution. . Here, the dialysis solution processing pump 31 needs to transfer an exact amount of ionic solution, so it is really preferable to use a fluid pump. Examples include rotary piston pumps, metering pulsation pumps, and precision piston pumps.

In addition, the blood treatment apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to additionally include a supply dialysis solution storage unit 36 and a discharge dialysis solution storage unit 38, and the supplied dialysis solution storage unit 36 ) Stores the dialysis solution and then supplies it to the blood treatment filter 10, and the discharge dialysis solution storage unit 38 may store the used dialysis solution. However, the dialysis solution is not stored in the supplied dialysis solution storage unit 36 and can be directly supplied to the blood treatment filter 10, and the used dialysis solution is not stored in the discharged dialysis solution storage unit 38 and is immediately discharged and discarded. Can be.

The dialysis solution is not limited to being formed through the dialysis solution treatment unit 30 as described above, and may be supplied using, for example, a dialysis solution bag already made. In addition, the blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a means for measuring the purity of the prepared dialysis solution, such as a conductivity sensor.

The water treatment unit 40 undergoes several filtration steps to produce ultrapure water, including, for example, a pretreatment filter, a carbon filter, a reverse osmosis pressure filter, an ion exchange resin, and an endotoxin filter. Can be configured. The structure of the water treatment device 40 may be changed to meet the purpose of blood treatment therapy.

The flow path control unit 60 is characterized in that it controls the flow (or flow path) through the inlet pipes and outlet pipes connected to the n number of fluid chambers. Accordingly, various valve structures capable of opening or blocking the flow may be used as the flow path control unit 60. For example, the flow path control unit 60 may be any one of a one-way valve, a solenoid valve, an on-off valve, a pressing type valve, a rotating-type valve, and a pneumatic valve. It may have one structure, or may be made of a combination of these valves.

The one-way valve is installed in each of the flow pipes in which the internal flow path is controlled by the flow path control unit 60 to limit the internal flow to flow in one direction. The solenoid valve and the on-off valve are installed in each of the flow pipes in which the internal flow path is controlled by the flow path control unit 60 to open or block the internal flow. The pneumatic valve or pneumatic valve assembly may be composed of a pneumatic driver and a pneumatic channel. The pneumatic actuator can pressurize or depressurize the pneumatic channel, through which the flow pipe connected to the pneumatic channel can be expanded or pressurized, that is, open or block the flow inside. An exemplary pneumatic flow path control unit 60 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. As described above, it is possible to pressurize or depressurize the pneumatic channel and the flow pipe through various types of pneumatic actuators.

7 to 9 show the pressurized valve, that is, the pressurized flow path control unit 60. A pressurized valve according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a flow path blocking member 61 capable of blocking flow by compressing a part of the flow pipe through linear or curved movement, and a flow pipe compressed by the flow blocking member 61 It may be configured to include a flow path blocking wall 62 for supporting the, and a flow path blocking member driver for driving the flow blocking member 61.

7 and 8 are a flow path control unit 60 of an example for controlling a flow path through eight flow pipes (51a, 51b, 52a, 52b, 53a, 53b, 54a and 54b) connected to the four chambers (51 to 54) Is shown. When the flow path blocking member 61 moves toward the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 53a, and 54b, one end of the flow path blocking member 61 compresses the flow pipes supported by the flow path blocking wall 62 to block internal flow. . At this time, the flow paths through the flow pipes 51b, 52a, 53b, and 54a are opened. In addition, when the flow path blocking member 61 moves in the opposite direction, the other end of the flow path blocking member 61 compresses the flow pipes 51b, 52a, 53b, and 54a to block internal flow.

Here, for convenience of explanation, one end and the other end of the flow path blocking member 61 are mentioned, but the flow path control unit 60 according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated structure. For example, as shown in Fig. 7, the flow through flow pipes 51a, 52b, 53a, 54b and flow pipes 51b, 52a, 53b, 54a are alternated by two or more separated flow path blocking members 61a and 61b. It can be blocked, and the flow path blocking member driver can be changed to drive the separated flow path blocking members 61a and 61b, respectively.

Alternatively, when the flow tube is made of a soft material such as silicone, polyurethane, polyacetate, etc., when the flow tube is bent by a predetermined angle, internal flow may be blocked. That is, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the flow path blocking member 61 is not limited to blocking internal flow by compressing the flow tube, and can operate so that the flow tubes can be bent by a predetermined angle.

The flow path blocking member driver may be of various structures capable of causing linear motion or curved movement to the flow path blocking member 61. The description of the chamber pressing member driver described above may be equally applied to the flow path blocking member driver. For example, a cam for moving the flow path blocking member 61 toward the flow path blocking wall 62 and a motor for rotating the cam may be included. The flow is blocked, and when the external force by the cam is removed, the flow path blocking member is separated from the flow pipe, and the flow pipe is restored to its original state by its own elastic force and opened. Alternatively, when the eccentric cam connected to the motor rotates to compress the flow pipe on one side, the flow inside the compressed flow pipe is blocked. When the cam is further rotated, the external force of the cam compressing the tube is removed and the tube can be opened as it is restored to its original state. Alternatively, by rotating an eccentric cam connected to the motor, the flow pipe through which internal flow is regulated by the flow path control unit 60 may be pressurized, thereby blocking the internal flow. In addition, as the cam rotates further or rotates in the reverse direction, the external force by the cam is removed, the flow pipe is restored to its original state, and the internal flow can be opened.

Here, the flow path control unit 60 is 12 flow pipes (51a, 51b, 52a, 52b, 53a, 53b, 54a, 54b, 55a) connected to the six chambers (51 to 56), as shown in FIG. 55b, 56a and 56b) can be changed to control the flow path. In particular, the flow path control unit 60 is characterized in that the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 53a, 54b, 55a, 56b and flow pipes 51b, 52a, 53b, 54a, 55b, 56a are alternately blocked. In this case, in order to support the flow pipe pressurized by the flow path blocking member 61, the flow path control unit 60 configured as a pressure type valve may further include a tube fixing part 63 (not shown).

When the fluid chamber is compressed or expanded, the flow path control unit 60 blocks a flow path through at least half of the flow pipes in which the internal flow is controlled by the flow control unit 60.

The flow path control unit 60 is not limited to the above-described structure and may be changed to another structure. As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the flow path control unit 60 according to an embodiment of the present invention constituted by a rotary valve includes a flow path control housing 64 having an internal space, and an internal space of the flow control housing. A flow path control rotor 66 installed to be rotated or linearly moved, a plurality of flow path control porters 65 installed to penetrate through the flow control housing 64, and a rotor driving unit for driving the flow control rotor 66 ( 67) can be included.

Here, in order to smoothly rotate or linearly move while the flow path control rotor 66 is in close contact with the flow control housing 64, the inner space of the flow control housing 64 and the flow control rotor 66 have a cylinder shape. It is more preferable to have it. Alternatively, the flow path control rotor 66 may be changed to perform linear motion while rotating. That is, a flow path between at least two or more flow path control porters 65 may be connected through a rotational motion or a linear motion of the flow path control rotor 66.

In addition, the flow path adjustment unit 60 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to further include a flow path adjustment depression 68 in the flow path adjustment rotor 66, the flow adjustment depression 68 When the flow between any two flow path control porters 65 is opened, it is possible to more easily move the fluid through the flow path control porters 65. In FIG. 9, although a cross-sectional shape of the flow path adjustment depression 68 is shown, the shape of the flow path adjustment depression 68 is not limited to the drawings, and may be changed to other shapes such as a square, a triangle, or the like. 11 shows a flow circuit diagram of the blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention in which the flow path control unit 60 is configured as a rotary valve.

The plurality of flow path control porters 65 may be installed to be spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the inner space (or the flow path control rotor having a cylinder shape) of the flow control housing 64 having a cylindrical shape. In addition, the plurality of flow path control porters 65 may be located on the same cross-section. Specifically, when considering a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the flow path control rotor 66, the flow path control porters 65 It can be installed so that it is located on the cross section In FIG. 9, it can be seen that the flow path control porter 65 is located on the cross-sections marked D-D' and E-E'. Here, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the meaning of being positioned at the same cross-section means not only being positioned at the same cross-section, but also means being positioned at a fairly similar height along the axial direction of the flow path control rotor 66. In addition, the flow path control porter 65 may be divided and installed in two or more cross-sections, as shown in G-G' and H-H' of FIG. 11. In other words, the flow path control porter 65 is characterized in that it can be located on a plane of substantially the same height along the axial direction of the flow path control rotor (66).

As described above, the flow path control rotor 66 may rotate in one direction, but may rotate in both directions, such as clockwise and counterclockwise. In addition, the flow path control rotor 66 may be implemented in another way to open or block the flow between the flow path control porters 65, such as performing a linear motion while rotating. Here, the blocking or opening time of the flow path between the flow path adjustment porters 65 may be adjusted through the rotational speed of the flow path adjustment rotor 66.

When the flow path control rotor 66 is in close contact with the inside of the flow control housing 64, it is preferable that there is no leakage of fluid through this coupling surface. To this end, the flow control rotor 66 or/and the flow control housing 64 are preferably made of a material such as polymer, metal, ABS, acrylic, etc. that can suppress fluid leakage.

In addition, in order to prevent such leakage, as shown in FIG. 12, the flow path control unit 60 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a protrusion such as an O-ring or a gasket on the circumferential surface of the flow path control rotor 66. It may be configured to further include (69). These protrusions 69 are made of a flexible material such as silicone or rubber in order to suppress fluid leakage through the adhesive surface of the flow control rotor 66 and the flow control housing 64, or to more efficiently suppress fluid leakage. It can be made of hard materials such as metal, aluminum, polymer, and plastic. Here, the protrusion 69 such as an O-ring or a gasket may be changed to a protrusion 69 provided in the inner space of the flow control housing 64 instead of the flow control rotor 66. 9 and 10, when the flow control rotor 66 is coupled to the inner space of the flow control housing 64, the flow control porter 65 passing through the flow control housing 64 is It is preferable not to deviate from the cylinder circumferential surface of the flow path control rotor 66 having a cylinder shape. In addition, in the rotary valve according to an embodiment of the present invention, the flow through at least one of the flow path control porters 65 is always blocked.

The rotary valve is not limited to the above-described structure and may be changed to another structure. In addition, the flow path control unit 60 is also not limited to the above-described structures, and may be changed to another structure capable of developing or blocking a flow path through a flow pipe connected to the fluid chamber.

In addition, the blood processing device 1 may be configured to include various sensors 24 and 34. These sensors serve to monitor blood treatment treatment, and may include, for example, a pressure sensor, an air bubble sensor, a blood leak sensor, a temperature sensor, a conductivity sensor, and the like. In addition, the blood processing device 1 may further include an endotoxin filter, which removes harmful substances such as endotoxins and bacteria that may be included in the dialysis solution so that it does not come into contact with the blood. .

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 13 to 28 illustrate various embodiments and operations of the blood processing apparatus 1.

Example 1

The blood processing apparatus 1 is configured to include four fluid chambers 51, 52, 55 and 56 including first, second, fifth, and sixth (Fig. 13). The two chambers 51 and 52 are connected to the dialysis solution porter of the blood treatment filter 10 to transfer the dialysis solution, and the other two chambers 55 and 56 are connected to the blood porter to transfer blood. It can be seen that the flow path control unit 60 is configured as a pressurized valve to control the flow through the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of each chamber.

Two chambers 52 and 56 are compressed and the other two chambers 51 and 55 are expanded. At this time, the flow path control unit 60 blocks the flow path through the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 55a, and 56b, and opens the flow path through the flow pipes 51b, 52a, 55b, and 56a (FIG. 13). Due to the expansion of the first chamber 51, the dialysis solution is introduced into the chamber through the first chamber inlet pipe 51a. Due to the compression of the second chamber 52, the dialysis solution inside the chamber is discharged through the second chamber outlet pipe 52b. Due to the expansion of the fifth chamber 55, the patient's blood flows into the chamber through the fifth chamber inlet pipe 55a. Due to the compression of the sixth chamber 56, blood inside the chamber is returned to the patient. At this time, neither the blood nor the dialysis solution flows through the blood treatment filter 10.

Here, the thick black line in the drawing means that there is flow through the flow pipe. That is, the flow path of the flow pipe is opened by the flow path control unit 60. On the other hand, a thin black line means that there is no flow through the flow tube. That is, the flow path of the flow pipe is blocked by the flow path control unit 60. In addition, the dotted line shows the auxiliary dialysis solution flow pipe 81 and the auxiliary dialysis solution pump 82 installed therein.

On the other hand, when the two chambers 52 and 56 are expanded and the other two chambers 51 and 55 are compressed, the flow path control unit 60 opens the flow path through the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 55a, and 56b. The flow paths through the flow pipes 51b, 52a, 55b and 56a are blocked (Fig. 13). Due to the compression of the first chamber 51, the dialysis solution inside the chamber is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the first chamber outlet pipe 51b. Due to the expansion of the second chamber 52, the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 is introduced into the second chamber 52 through the second chamber inlet pipe 52a. Due to the compression of the fifth chamber 55, blood inside the chamber is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the fifth chamber outlet pipe 55b. Due to the expansion of the sixth chamber 56, the blood of the blood treatment filter 10 flows into the sixth chamber 56 through the sixth chamber inlet pipe 56a. At this time, the blood and the dialysis solution flow through the blood treatment filter (10).

That is, the first chamber 51 supplies a clean dialysis solution to the blood treatment filter 10 and the second chamber 52 discharges the used dialysis solution from the blood treatment filter 10. The fifth chamber 55 supplies the patient's blood to the blood treatment filter 10, and the sixth chamber 56 returns the blood from the blood treatment filter 10 to the patient. Here, since the dialysis solution processing unit 30 prepares the dialysis solution, the dialysis solution processing unit 30 may be connected to the first chamber 51. Specifically, the first chamber inlet pipe ( 51a).

Here, in order to control the amount of fluid flow through each of the chambers 51, 52, 55 and 56, the chambers have the same compression-expansion stroke volume or different compression-expansion stroke volumes. In FIG. 13, the chamber pressing member 59 moves to the left and right by a predetermined length, and thereby the chambers are compressed or expanded. At this time, the compressed and expanded volume of each chamber may be defined as a stroke volume.

Here, the chambers 51 and 52 may have the same stroke volume, and the chambers 55 and 56 may also have the same stroke volume. As described above, the meaning of the same includes the meaning of fairly similar in addition to the meaning of completely the same. Also, the stroke volumes of chambers 51 and 52 may be larger than those of chambers 55 and 56. For example, the stroke volume of chambers 51 and 52 can be designed to be about twice the stroke volume of chambers 55 and 56. However, the stroke volume of the chamber can be changed sufficiently differently depending on the purpose of the blood treatment therapy. In order for the chambers to have the same stroke volume, the cross-sectional area of the inner space of the chambers may be the same or very similar. If the inner space of the chambers has a cylindrical shape, the inner diameter of the cross-sectional area of the inner space may be the same or similar.

The blood treatment device 1 may be changed differently. For example, a clean dialysis solution is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the second chamber 52, and the used dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 is It may be discharged through the first chamber 51. Similarly, blood is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the sixth chamber 56 and the blood of the blood treatment filter 10 may be returned to the patient through the fifth chamber 55.

In addition, the flow path control unit 60 is not limited to being configured as a pressurized valve to control the flow path of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe connected to the chambers 55 and 56, and the flow control unit ( 60) may be composed of one-way valves (55c and 56c).

Example 2

The blood processing apparatus 1 is configured to include three fluid chambers 51, 52 and 55, such as first, second, and fifth (Fig. 15). The two chambers 51 and 52 are connected to the dialysis solution porter of the blood treatment filter 10 to transfer the dialysis solution, and the other chamber 55 is connected to the blood porter to transfer blood. It can be seen that the flow path control unit 60 is configured as a pressurized valve to control the flow through the inlet pipe and outlet pipe connected to each of the chambers 51, 52, and 55. Here, a flow path control unit 60 may be additionally installed in the blood flow pipe 22, thereby opening and closing the flow through the blood flow pipe 22 connected to the second blood porter 14.

When the second and fifth chambers 52 and 55 are compressed and the first chamber 51 is expanded, the flow path control unit 60 opens the flow path through the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 55b and 22, and the flow pipe 51b, The flow path through 52a and 55a is blocked (Fig. 15). Due to the expansion of the first chamber 51, the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 flows into the chamber through the first chamber inlet pipe 51a. Due to the compression of the second chamber 52, the dialysis solution inside the chamber is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the second chamber outlet pipe 52b. Due to the compression of the fifth chamber 55, the blood inside the chamber is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the fifth chamber inlet pipe 55a, and is returned to the white child through the blood flow pipe 22.

On the other hand, when the two chambers 52 and 55 are expanded and the other chamber 51 is compressed, the flow path control unit 60 blocks the flow path through the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 55b and 22, and the flow pipe 51b , The flow paths through 52a and 55a are open. Due to the compression of the first chamber 51, the dialysis solution inside the chamber is discharged through the first chamber outlet pipe 51b. Due to the expansion of the second chamber 52, a dialysis solution is supplied to the chamber through the second chamber inlet pipe 52a. Due to the expansion of the fifth chamber 55, blood from the patient is supplied to the chamber.

As shown in the drawings, in the present embodiment, blood may be leaked or returned by a single needle (or catheter) connected to the patient.

Example 3

The blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described structure and may be changed to another circuit structure. For example, the patient's blood may be supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 by two separate chambers 55 and 56 or may be returned to the patient. These two fluid chambers 55 and 56 can be compressed or expanded at once (Figure 16). That is, the blood processing device 1 is configured to include four chambers as in the above-described embodiment 1, but when one chamber is compressed, the other three chambers are expanded. Conversely, when one chamber is expanded, the other three chambers are expanded. The chamber can be compressed.

At this time, the flow path control unit 60 may be configured as a one-way valve installed in each flow pipe to control the flow through the flow pipes 55a, 55b, 56a and 56b connected to the fifth and sixth chambers 55 and 56. . Although the operation is similar to that of the second embodiment, in the blood processing apparatus 1 of FIG. 16, blood flows through the blood processing filter 10 when both chambers 55 and 56 are compressed or expanded.

Example 4

17 and 18 illustrate a blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention including five fluid chambers. In particular, the four chambers 51 to 54 are connected to the dialysis solution porters 15 and 16 to flow the dialysis solution, and the other chamber 55 is connected to the first blood porter 13 to transfer blood.

When the chamber pressing member 59 moves to the right in FIG. 17, that is, when the chambers 52 and 54 are extruded, blood is transferred to the blood treatment filter 10. Here, since the dialysis solution is transferred by the four chambers, the dialysis solution flows through the blood treatment filter 10 when the chamber is compressed or expanded.

Since the flow circuit and operation of the dialysis solution are very similar to those of Examples 5 and 6 to be described later, it will be described in more detail later. The flow circuit and operation of blood are similar to those of the second embodiment described above.

Similarly, the blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be modified to have six fluid chambers 51 to 56 in order to transfer blood and a dialysis solution. 17 and 18, the dialysis solution is transferred by the first to fourth chambers 51 to 54. However, blood is transported by two chambers 55 and 56, but these two chambers are characterized in that they are compressed or expanded simultaneously, as shown in FIG. 16. At this time, the flow path control unit 60 for adjusting the flow path through the flow pipes 55a, 55b, 56a, and 56b connected to the chambers 55 and 56 may be configured as a one-way valve. In addition, the flow path control unit 60 for adjusting the flow path through the flow pipes connected to the chambers 51 to 54 may be formed of any one of a one-way valve, a solenoid valve, a pressurized valve, and a rotary valve, or a combination thereof.

Example 5

19 and 20 show another embodiment of the blood processing apparatus 1. The blood treatment device 1 includes six fluid chambers 51 to 56, and the dialysis solution is transferred through the chambers 51 to 54. In particular, the dialysis solution is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the first chamber 51 and the fourth chamber 54 and is discharged through the second chamber 52 and the third chamber 53. Accordingly, it is preferable that the chambers 51 and 54 are connected to the first dialysis solution porter 15 and the chambers 52 and 53 are connected to the second dialysis solution porter 16. At this time, the dialysis solution processing unit 30 may be connected to the first chamber 51 and the fourth chamber 54 through the first chamber inlet pipe 51a and the fourth chamber inlet pipe 54a, respectively.

Blood is conveyed through chambers 55 and 56. Blood is supplied to the blood processing filter 10 through the fifth chamber 55 and the blood is returned to the patient through the sixth chamber 56. Accordingly, the fifth chamber 55 may be connected to the first blood porter 13 and the sixth chamber 56 may be connected to the second blood porter 14.

At this time, the flow path control unit 60 may be composed of a pressurized blood valve for flow pipes connected to the chambers 51 to 54, and one-way valves installed in the flow pipes of the flow pipes connected to the chambers 55 and 56, respectively.

19, the first, third, and fifth chambers 51, 53, and 55 are expanded by the chamber pressing member 59, and the second, fourth, and sixth chambers 52, 54, 56) are compressed. At this time, the flow path control unit 60 opens the flow through the first chamber inlet pipe 51a, the second chamber outlet pipe 52b, the third chamber inlet pipe 53a, and the fourth chamber outlet pipe 54b. , The flow through the first chamber outlet pipe 51b, the second chamber inlet pipe 52a, the third chamber outlet pipe 53b, and the fourth chamber inlet pipe 54a is blocked.

Due to the expansion of the first chamber 51, the dialysis solution is introduced into the chamber through the first chamber inlet pipe 51a. Due to the compression of the second chamber 52, the inner dialysis solution is discharged through the second chamber outlet pipe 52b. Due to the expansion of the third chamber 53, the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 flows into the chamber through the third chamber inlet pipe 53a. Due to the compression of the fourth chamber 54, the inner dialysis solution is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the fourth chamber outlet pipe 54b. Due to the expansion of the fifth chamber 55, the patient's blood flows into the chamber through the fifth chamber inlet pipe 55a. Due to the compression of the sixth chamber 56, internal blood is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the sixth chamber outlet pipe 56b. At this time, the blood in the sixth chamber 56 does not flow back to the patient by the operation of the check valves 55c and 56c installed in the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the fifth chamber 55 and the sixth chamber 56, and the blood is processed. Blood from the filter 10 does not flow back into the fifth chamber 55. At this time, it can be seen that blood does not flow through the blood processing filter 10.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 20, the first, third, and fifth chambers 51, 53, and 55 are compressed by the chamber pressing member 59, and the second, fourth, and sixth chambers (52, 54, 56) expands. At this time, the flow path control unit 60 blocks the flow through the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 53a, and 54b, and opens the flow through the flow pipes 51b, 52a, 53b, and 54a.

Due to the compression of the first chamber 51, the inner dialysis solution is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the second chamber outlet pipe 52b. Due to the expansion of the second chamber 52, the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 flows into the chamber through the second chamber inlet pipe 52a. Due to the compression of the third chamber 53, the inner dialysis solution is discharged through the third chamber outlet pipe 53b. Due to the expansion of the fourth chamber 54, the dialysis solution is introduced into the chamber through the fourth chamber inlet pipe 54a. Due to the compression of the fifth chamber 55, internal blood is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the fifth chamber outlet pipe 55b. Due to the expansion of the sixth chamber 56, the patient's blood flows into the chamber through the sixth chamber inlet pipe 56a. The blood in the fifth chamber 55 does not flow back to the patient by the one- way valves 55c and 56c installed in the inlet and outlet pipes of the fifth chamber 55 and the sixth chamber 56, and the blood treatment filter 10 Blood does not flow back into the sixth chamber (56). At this time, it is characterized in that both the blood and the dialysis solution flow through the blood treatment filter (10).

As described above, the chambers 51 to 56 may have different stroke volumes. For example, FIGS. 21 and 22 show an embodiment of the present invention in which the first chamber 51 and the third chamber 53 have a larger stroke volume than the second chamber 52 and the fourth chamber 54. It shows a flow circuit diagram of the blood treatment device 1 by. When moving to the left of the chamber pressing member 59 (FIG. 21), since the third chamber 53 has a larger stroke volume than the fourth chamber 54, moisture and urinary toxins in the blood are removed from the membrane 12 ), an ultrafiltration phenomenon that moves to the dialysis solution compartment of the blood treatment filter 10 occurs.

Conversely, when the chamber pressurizing member 59 moves to the right (FIG. 22), since the first chamber 51 has a larger stroke volume than the second chamber 52, the dialysis solution crosses the membrane 12. As a result, a backfiltration phenomenon that moves to the blood compartment of the blood treatment filter 10 occurs. Therefore, by adjusting the stroke volume of the chamber, the amount of filtration and the amount of back filtration can be adjusted, which means that a more dynamic mass transfer occurs between the blood and the dialysis solution.

Similarly, by changing the stroke volumes of chambers 55 and 56 to be the same or different from each other, netfiltration, which can be calculated as the difference between the filtration amount and the back filtration amount, can be adjusted. In addition, the stroke volumes of the six chambers may all be the same, or all may be set differently.

The flow control unit 60 is composed of a pressurized valve in the flow pipes connected to the first to fourth chambers 51 to 54, and a one-way valve in the flow pipes connected to the fifth and sixth chambers 55 and 56 Became. However, the flow path control unit 60 is not limited to this configuration. For example, the flow path control unit 60 may be configured as a pressurized valve to open and close a flow path through a flow pipe connected to the first to sixth chambers 51 to 56. That is, as shown in Fig. 8, the flow path control unit 60 having the form of a pressurized valve includes flow pipes 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b, 53a, 53b connected to the first to sixth chambers 51 to 56, 54a, 54b, 55a, 55b, 56a and 56b). Alternatively, the flow path control unit 60 may be configured as a one-way valve installed in each flow pipe to open and close a flow path through a flow pipe connected to the first to sixth chambers 51 to 56. This is described in more detail below.

Example 6

23 and 24 show a blood processing apparatus 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Blood is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the fifth chamber 55 and the sixth chamber 56. However, unlike the fifth embodiment described above, it can be seen that both the fifth and sixth chambers 55 and 56 are connected to the first blood porter 13.

When the first, third, and fifth chambers 51, 53, 55 are expanded by the chamber pressing member 59 and the second, fourth, and sixth chambers 52, 54, 56 are compressed 23), blood of the patient flows into the chamber through the fifth chamber inlet pipe 55a due to the expansion of the fifth chamber 55. At this time, by compression of the sixth chamber 56, the heal liquid in the chamber is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the sixth chamber outlet pipe 56b.

On the other hand, the first, third, and fifth chambers 51, 53, 55 are compressed by the chamber pressing member 59, and the second, fourth, and sixth chambers 52, 54, 56 are expanded. 24), by the compression of the fifth chamber 55, the heal liquid in the chamber is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the fifth chamber outlet pipe 55b. Due to the expansion of the sixth chamber 55, the patient's blood flows into the chamber through the sixth chamber inlet pipe 56a. Therefore, both the blood and the dialysis solution flow through the blood treatment filter 10 during compression and expansion of the chamber.

The first to fourth chambers 51 to 54 have substantially the same stroke volume, but the stroke volumes of the chambers 55 and 56 may be different from the stroke volumes of the chambers 51 to 54. For example, the stroke volume of chambers 55 and 56 may be set to have about half the stroke volume of chambers 51 to 54.

Here, among the first to sixth chambers 51 to 56, the number of chambers through which the first fluid (such as blood) flows and the number of chambers through which the second fluid (such as dialysis solution) flows are suitable for the purpose of blood treatment therapy. It is natural to those skilled in the art that can be changed.

Example 7

25 and 26 show a flow circuit diagram of the blood processing apparatus 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the flow path control unit 60 is composed of a one-way valve (or a check valve) installed in the flow pipes connected to the first to sixth chambers 51 to 56, respectively. That is, the first chamber check valve 51c is installed in the first chamber inlet pipe 51a and the first chamber outlet pipe 51b. Similarly, a second chamber check valve 52c is provided in the second chamber inlet pipe 52a and the second chamber outlet pipe 52b.

25, the first, third, and fifth chambers 51, 53, and 55 are expanded by the chamber pressing member 59, and the second, fourth, and sixth chambers 52, 54, 56) are compressed.

Due to the expansion of the first chamber 51, the dialysis solution is introduced into the chamber through the first chamber inlet pipe 51a. At this time, the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 does not flow back into the chamber by the first chamber check valve 51c. Due to the compression of the second chamber 52, the inner dialysis solution is discharged through the second chamber outlet pipe 52b. At this time, the dialysis solution does not flow back to the blood treatment filter 10 by the second chamber check valve 52c. Due to the expansion of the third chamber 53, the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 flows into the chamber through the third chamber inlet pipe 53a. At this time, the dialysate used by the third chamber check valve 53c does not flow back into the chamber. Due to the compression of the fourth chamber 54, the inner dialysis solution is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the fourth chamber outlet pipe 54b. At this time, the dialysis solution does not flow back toward the supplied dialysis solution storage unit 36 by the fourth chamber check valve 54c. Due to the expansion of the fifth chamber 55, blood of the patient flows into the chamber through the fifth chamber inlet pipe 55a. Blood from the blood processing filter 10 does not flow back to the fifth chamber 55 by the fifth chamber check valve 55c. Due to the compression of the sixth chamber 56, internal blood is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the sixth chamber outlet pipe 56b. At this time, the blood in the sixth chamber 56 does not flow back to the patient by the sixth chamber check valve 56c.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 26, the first, third, and fifth chambers 51, 53, and 55 are compressed by the chamber pressing member 59, and the second, fourth, and sixth chambers ( 52, 54, 56) are inflated.

Due to the compression of the first chamber 51, the inner dialysis solution is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the second chamber outlet pipe 52b. At this time, the dialysis solution does not flow back toward the supply dialysis solution storage unit 36 by the first chamber check valve 51c. Due to the expansion of the second chamber 52, the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 flows into the chamber through the second chamber inlet pipe 52a. At this time, the dialysis solution used by the second chamber check valve 52c does not flow back into the second chamber 52. Due to the compression of the third chamber 53, the inner dialysis solution is discharged through the third chamber outlet pipe 53b. At this time, the dialysis solution does not flow back to the blood treatment filter 10 by the third chamber check valve 53c. Due to the expansion of the fourth chamber 54, the dialysis solution is introduced into the chamber through the fourth chamber inlet pipe 54a. At this time, the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter 10 does not flow back into the fourth chamber 54 by the fourth chamber check valve 54c. Due to the compression of the fifth chamber 55, internal blood is supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 through the fifth chamber outlet pipe 55b. The blood inside the chamber does not flow back to the patient by the fifth chamber check valve 55c. Due to the expansion of the sixth chamber 56, the patient's blood flows into the chamber through the sixth chamber inlet pipe 56a. Blood from the blood processing filter 10 does not flow back to the sixth chamber 56 by the sixth chamber check valve 56c.

A check valve installed in the flow pipe restricts the flow of fluid through the flow pipe in one direction. Here, the check valve cracking pressure capable of opening the check valve does not have a predetermined value and may be set to an appropriate value required for driving the blood treatment device. The opening pressure refers to a pressure difference between upstream and downstream of the one-way valve capable of opening the flow through the one-way valve. For example, when the flow path control unit 60 is not operated, it is preferable to have an opening pressure such that flow does not occur through a one-way valve. For example, a one-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention May have an opening pressure of 10 mmHg to 180 mmHg. More specifically, it can have an opening pressure of 12 mmHg to 60 mmHg.

Example 8

The blood treatment device 1 may be changed to a different structure, and as shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, the blood treatment device 1 may be changed to have eight fluid chambers. At this time, four chambers transfer the dialysis solution, and the other four chambers can transfer blood.

Specifically, the first to fourth chambers 51 to 54 transfer the dialysis solution, the two chambers 51 and 54 supply the dialysis solution to the blood treatment filter 10, and the other two chambers 52 and 53 Serves to discharge the dialysis solution of the blood treatment filter (10). This is the same as described above.

Blood flows by the operation of the fifth to eighth chambers 55 to 58. Specifically, the two chambers supply blood to the blood treatment filter 10 and the other two chambers serve to return blood from the blood treatment filter 10 to the patient. The operation is also the same as described above, and therefore, a duplicate description is omitted.

The flow path control unit 60 controls a flow path through an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe connected to the first to eighth chambers 51 to 58, a one-way valve, a solenoid valve, an on-off valve, a pressurized valve, and a rotary valve. And the like. Here, the flow path control unit 60 may block the flow path through any of the eight flow pipes and open the flow path through the other eight flow pipes.

In addition, the blood processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it is configured to further include a blood pump 23 installed in the blood flow pipe 21 or 22. 29 shows a blood processing apparatus 1 having a blood pump 23 installed in the blood flow pipe 21. As shown in the figure, the dialysis solution flows through the first to fourth chambers 51 to 54. Specifically, the two chambers 51 and 54 supply the dialysis solution to the blood treatment filter 10, and the other two chambers 52 and 53 serve to discharge the dialysis solution from the blood treatment filter 10.

In addition, the plurality of fluid chambers described above are not limited to being configured to be left and right, and may be changed to be installed in a vertical direction as shown in FIG. 30. When the left half of the chamber is compressed, the right half of the chamber expands. The opposite is also true. In addition, the chamber pressing member 59 may be divided into a first chamber pressing member 59a and a second chamber pressing member 59b, and can compress or expand the left and right chambers of the drawing, respectively. Here, it can be seen that a pressurized valve is installed in the flow pipes connected to the chambers 51 to 54, and a one-way valve is installed in the flow pipes connected to the chambers 55 and 56. However, the flow path control unit 60 is a one-way valve, a solenoid valve, an on-off valve, a pressurized valve, a rotary valve, etc. to control a flow path through a flow pipe connected to the first to sixth chambers 51 to 56. It can be composed of.

In addition, the blood treatment device 1 may be configured to further include an auxiliary dialysis solution flow pipe 81 and an auxiliary dialysis solution pump 82. The auxiliary dialysis solution pump 82 may be installed in the auxiliary dialysis solution flow pipe 81 to further remove the dialysis solution from the blood treatment filter 10. Therefore, the auxiliary dialysis solution flow pipe 81 is the inlet pipe of the second chamber 52 or the third chamber 53 (that is, the dialysis solution inlet of the blood treatment filter 10) and the discharged dialysis solution storage unit 38 or Drain lines can be connected to each other.

In a state in which the amount of the dialysis solution supplied to the blood treatment filter 10 by the fluid transfer device 50 and the amount of the dialysis solution discharged from the blood treatment filter 10 are kept substantially the same, the auxiliary dialysis solution The pump 82 may additionally remove the dialysis solution. Therefore, the auxiliary dialysis solution pump 82 needs to determine the amount of pure water to be removed from the patient and transfer the correct amount of water. As the auxiliary dialysis solution pump 82, various types of precision pumps may be used. For example, a precision pulsating pump, a roller pump, a cylinder-based pulsating pump, a gear pump, and the like may be used. According to the present invention, a metering rotary piston pump can be used.

31 shows a flow control method of the flow path control unit 60. As described above, the flow path control unit 60 is characterized in that the flow path through some of the flow pipes is blocked and the flow path through the other partial flow pipes is opened. And the flow path control unit 60 repeats such blocking and opening. For example, the flow path control unit 60 of the first embodiment described above alternately blocks the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 55a, and 56b and the flow pipes 51b, 52a, 55b, and 56a.

Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the flow path control unit 60 may be divided into a first flow path control unit 60a and a second flow path control unit 60b. In the case of the first embodiment, the flow pipes 51a, 52b, 55a and 56b are controlled by the first flow path control part 60a, and the flow pipes 51b, 52a, 55b and 56a are controlled by the second flow path control part 60b. Can be adjusted. . When the flow is blocked by the first flow path control part 60a, the flow path by the second flow path control part 60b may be opened.

Even though the first flow path control unit 60a and the second flow path control unit 60b repeat compression and expansion, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first and second flow path control units 60a and 60b At the same time, there may be moments when the flow path is blocked. That is, the flow path control unit 60 may instantly block all of the flow paths through the flow pipe through which the internal flow is controlled by the flow control unit 60. This may occur when the first flow path control unit 60a and the second flow path control unit 60b switch compression or expansion.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 31, the flow control method of the flow path control unit 60 may be composed of the following steps.

(S1) block the first flow path control unit (60a),

(S2) opening the second flow path adjustment unit 60b,

(S3) operation of the chamber pressing member 59,

(S4) blocking the second flow path control unit 60b,

(S5) opening the first flow path adjustment unit 60a, and

(S6) Operation of the chamber pressing member 59.

Here, in order for the chamber pressurizing member 59 to repeat compression and expansion of the chambers, when the chamber pressurizing member 59 operates in one direction in S3, the chamber pressurizing member 59 moves in the other direction in S6. desirable. In addition, in S1 and S4, it can be seen that both the first flow path control part 60a and the second flow path control part 60b block the flow. However, in S2, the flow is blocked only by the first flow path control unit 60a, whereas in S5, the flow is blocked only by the second flow channel control unit 60b.

Here, the flow path control unit 60 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a step of delaying a time by a predetermined time between steps S1 to S6. For example, a first time delay step (D1) between S1 and S2, a second time delay step (D2) between S2 and S3, and/or a third time delay step (D3) between S3 and S4. It can be configured to include. It is preferable that D1 to D3 have a set value for the stability of blood treatment therapy. For example, D1 and D2 may have similar values from 0 to 1.2 seconds, and D3 may have values from 0 to 2.5 seconds.

In addition, the time taken for the steps S1 and S4 may be the same, and similarly, the time required for the steps S2 and S5 may be the same. Alternatively, steps S1, S2, S4 and S5 take quite the same time, and the time ranges from about 0.2 to 1.2 seconds. More specifically, it takes from 0.4 to 0.8 seconds. Likewise, steps S3 and S6 take quite the same amount of time, ranging from about 0.4 to 2.4 seconds.

According to the blood processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of fluid chambers are simultaneously compressed or expanded using a single chamber pressurizing member, thereby simultaneously transferring blood and a dialysis solution. The plurality of fluid chambers may maintain the same amount of the dialysis solution supplied to the blood treatment filter and the dialysis solution discharged from the blood treatment filter. Therefore, the use of the existing blood pump and balancing chamber can be excluded, and through this, the entire blood processing device can be drastically reduced in size and weight, it is easy to install, and the cost of blood processing can be reduced. Therefore, the blood processing apparatus according to the present invention can efficiently perform blood processing not only in a hospital, but also in a place outside the hospital.

The embodiments of the present invention described above and illustrated in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical spirit of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is limited only by the matters described in the claims. Those of ordinary skill in the art of the present invention can improve or change the technical idea of the present invention in various forms, and such improvements and changes will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (18)

1. A plurality of fluid chambers having an inner space;

   A chamber pressurizing member compressing or expanding the inner spaces of the plurality of fluid chambers;

   A pressing member driver for driving the chamber pressing member; And

   It is configured to include;

   The plurality of fluid chambers are configured to include n fluid chambers (where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2),

   Each of the n chambers is configured by being connected to a first flow pipe through which fluid flows into the chamber and a second flow pipe through which fluid flows out of the chamber,

   The flow control unit is a blood treatment apparatus, characterized in that for controlling the flow through the flow pipe connected to the n-th chamber.
2. The method of claim 1,

   The n chambers are compressed or expanded at the same time by the chamber pressing member.
3. The method of claim 2,

   When n is an even number, n/2 chambers are compressed at the same time and n/2 chambers are expanded at the same time,

   When n is an odd number, (n+1)/2 chambers are compressed at the same time, and (n-1)/2 chambers are expanded at the same time.
4. The method of claim 3,

   And a blood processing filter for processing blood inside, wherein the blood processing filter

   A blood filter housing having an inner space;

   A first blood porter installed at one end of the blood filter housing and through which blood flows into the blood treatment filter;

   A second blood porter installed at the other end of the blood filter housing and through which blood is discharged from the blood treatment filter; And

   And at least one dialysis solution porter installed in the blood filter housing and through which the dialysis solution flows.
5. The method of claim 4,

   The dialysis solution porter is a blood treatment apparatus, characterized in that connected to at least two or more chambers.
6. The method of claim 5,

   Wherein the first blood porter is connected to a second flow pipe connected to at least one of the chambers.
7. The method of claim 6,

   And the second blood porter is connected to a first flow pipe connected to at least one of the chambers.
8. The method of claim 7,

   The flow path control unit

   A flow path blocking member that pressurizes a part of the flow pipe to block internal flow;

   A flow path blocking wall supporting the flow pipe pressed by a flow path blocking member; And

   A blood processing apparatus comprising: a flow path blocking member driver for driving the flow path blocking member.
9. The method of claim 7,

   The flow path control unit

   A flow path control housing having a cylindrical inner space;

   A flow path control rotor having a cylindrical shape and installed in the inner space of the flow path control housing;

   A plurality of flow path control porters installed to pass through the flow path control housing; And

   Includes; a rotor driving unit for driving the flow path control rotor,

   The flow through at least one flow control port is blocked by the flow control rotor, and one end of the flow control porter located on the inner circumferential surface of the flow control housing is located within the circumferential surface of the flow control rotor having a cylindrical shape. Blood processing device.
10. The method of claim 7,

    The flow path control unit

    A pneumatic channel capable of pressurizing or decompressing the flow pipe through which the flow is controlled by the flow control unit; And

    A blood processing apparatus comprising: a pneumatic actuator capable of pressurizing or decompressing the pneumatic channel.
11. The method of claim 7,

    And a one-way valve installed in each of the flow pipes in which the flow inside the flow path control unit is controlled by the flow flow control unit to limit the flow in one direction.
12. The method of claim 8,

    The blood processing apparatus further comprises a one-way valve installed in each of the flow pipes in which the flow inside the flow path control unit is controlled by the flow flow control unit to limit the flow in one direction.
13. The method of claim 5,

    A blood processing apparatus further comprising a blood pump installed in a blood flow pipe connected to the first or second blood porter and configured to transfer blood through the blood processing filter.
14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,

    The flow control unit is a blood processing apparatus, characterized in that blocking the flow through at least half of the flow pipes of the flow pipes in which the flow is regulated by the flow control unit.
15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,

    The chamber is made of a hard material,

    The chamber pressurizing member is a blood treatment apparatus comprising a portion made of a flexible material so as to compress or expand the inner space of the chamber.
16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,

    The chamber is made of a flexible material that is easy to compress and expand,

    The chamber pressurizing member is a blood treatment apparatus comprising a portion made of a hard material so as to compress or expand the inner space of the chamber.
17. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 13,

    At least two of the chambers compressed at the same time have the same stroke volume with each other,

    At least two of the simultaneously expanding chambers have the same stroke volume.
18. The method of claim 17,

    A blood treatment apparatus, wherein the compression-expansion stroke volume of at least one of the chambers to be compressed is larger or smaller than the stroke volume of at least one of the chambers to be expanded.

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