WO2021087633A1 - 生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置 - Google Patents

生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置 Download PDF

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WO2021087633A1
WO2021087633A1 PCT/CN2019/000218 CN2019000218W WO2021087633A1 WO 2021087633 A1 WO2021087633 A1 WO 2021087633A1 CN 2019000218 W CN2019000218 W CN 2019000218W WO 2021087633 A1 WO2021087633 A1 WO 2021087633A1
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garbage
tank body
pressure
tank
treatment
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PCT/CN2019/000218
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周洪光
周健
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顺达生态环保科技(葫芦岛)有限公司
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Publication of WO2021087633A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021087633A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/80Shredding

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection machinery, in particular to a treatment device for plastic and chemical harmful substances in domestic garbage.
  • the public hazards of domestic waste are plastic and chemical fiber toxic products.
  • the current harmful treatment methods for domestic waste basically use manual classification. After years of practice, the cost is too high to be implemented. Therefore, the common domestic waste treatment device is to landfill or burn it after accumulation. Due to the large amount of land use, serious pollution is formed, which endangers people's life and health; the waste is burned after accumulation, such as diesel incineration, due to excessive investment. Problems such as high combustion costs and secondary waste pollution are difficult to be widely promoted; while the thermal energy of incineration of garbage is used to generate electricity or heat, although the garbage treatment is relatively thorough, but there is a large scale of construction investment, and the investment recovery period is too long. To realize the reuse of domestic waste and the secondary pollution caused by the combustion process.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, thereby providing a treatment device for plastic and chemical harmful substances in domestic waste that can realize the harmlessness, reduction, resource utilization, and industrialization of domestic waste.
  • the present invention solves the problem, and the technical solution adopted is:
  • a treatment device for plastic and chemical harmful substances in domestic garbage which includes a conveyor belt at the feeding end, a dust collecting cover, a tank body, a high-pressure flamethrower, a high-pressure blower, an induced draft fan, and a conveying belt at the discharge end.
  • the dust collecting cover is arranged in the tank On the upper part of the body, one side of the tank body is provided with a feeding channel connected to the inside of the tank body.
  • the feeding port of the feeding channel is connected to the feeding end conveyor belt.
  • the outlet of the feeding channel is provided for hitting the garbage and raising it.
  • the toothed lifting shovel thrown into the tank body in bulk, the nozzle of the high-pressure flamethrower and the blowing pipe of the high-pressure blower respectively extend into the inside of the tank, and the nozzle of the high-pressure flamethrower is set above the blowing pipe of the high-pressure blower.
  • the bottom of the dust cover is provided with plastic residue and harmful gas outlets, the induced draft fan is set at the position of the plastic residue and harmful gas outlets, the bottom of the tank body is provided with a garbage outlet, and the garbage outlet is provided with a hopper connected to the discharge end conveyor belt.
  • the domestic garbage materials are removed by the toothed lifting shovel of this device. It is hit and thrown into the tank body in bulk. Because the plastic and chemical fiber harmful substances have different specific gravity from other garbage, under the action of gravity, the high-pressure fan at the bottom of the tank is blown up from the bottom to make the plastic and chemical fiber in the garbage. The hazardous materials are quickly separated from other garbage, and then the plastic and chemical fiber hazardous materials in the tank are instantly burned by the suspension combustion method through the high-pressure flamethrower.
  • the unburned plastic residues and harmful gases are sucked away and recycled by the induced draft fan at the bottom of the dust collector.
  • Useful garbage is discharged from the garbage outlet at the bottom of the tank; through aerial flame treatment, pollution-free and zero discharge can be achieved, and the garbage disposal can be fully automated, with ultra-low cost, and one-time rapid completion.
  • the size of the device can be large or small.
  • the popularization rate is high, and it can be applied to large and small cities and towns. It solves the problems of long-distance transportation and high cost in the treatment of garbage. It has strong promotion operability and practicability.
  • the upper part of the dust collecting hood has a cone structure, and the bottom of the dust collecting hood is provided with a material guide bottom plate arranged in an inclined manner.
  • the bottom of the tank has an inverted cone structure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of the tank in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a treatment device for plastic and chemical harmful substances in domestic garbage including the feeding end conveyor belt 1, the dust collecting cover 2, the tank body 3, the high-pressure flamethrower 5, the high-pressure blower 6.
  • the induced draft fan 7 and the discharge end conveyor belt 10 the dust collecting cover 2 is arranged on the upper part of the tank body 3, the tank body 3 is supported by the steel frame 4, the bottom of the tank body 3 is an inverted cone structure, and the tank body 3 is provided with a connecting side
  • the feed channel 11 inside the tank body 3, the feed port of the feed channel 11 is connected to the feed end conveyor belt 1, and the discharge port of the feed channel 11 is provided for hitting the garbage and throwing it into bulk.
  • the dust cover 2 and the inner wall of the tank 3 are built with a refractory material layer 8.
  • the bottom of the dust cover 2 is provided with plastic residue and harmful gas outlets, and the induced draft fan 7 is set at the position of the plastic residue and harmful gas outlets.
  • a garbage outlet is arranged at the bottom, and a receiving hopper 9 connected to the conveyor belt 10 at the discharge end is arranged under the garbage outlet.
  • the upper part of the dust collecting hood 2 has a cone structure, and the bottom of the dust collecting hood 2 is provided with an inclinedly arranged material guide bottom plate 13 for guiding the unburned plastic residue out of the plastic residue and harmful gas outlets.
  • the working principle of this device the crushed domestic waste is conveyed to the feeding channel 11 on the side of the tank 3 through the feeding end conveyor belt 1, and the toothed lifting shovel 12 at the discharge port position of the feeding channel 11 transfers the crushed domestic waste to the feeding channel 11 on the side of the tank body 3.
  • the domestic garbage materials are hit and thrown into the tank 3 in bulk. Due to the different proportions of plastic and chemical fiber harmful substances and other garbage, under the action of gravity, the high-pressure fan at the bottom of the tank is blown up from the bottom to make the garbage in The plastic and chemical fiber hazardous materials are quickly separated from other garbage, and then the plastic and chemical fiber hazardous materials in the tank 3 are instantly burned by the suspension combustion method through the high-pressure flamethrower 5. The unburned plastic residues and harmful gases are burned in the tank 3
  • the draft fan 7 at the bottom of the dust collecting hood 2 sucks away for recycling, and the useful garbage is discharged from the garbage outlet at the bottom of the tank 3.
  • the present invention solves the problems of manual separation and treatment of plastics in the existing domestic garbage, high cost, complex process, high consumption, difficulty in popularization, and secondary pollution.
  • the toothed lifting shovel 12 removes The domestic garbage materials are crushed into bulk and thrown into the tank body 3, and blown up from the bottom by the high-pressure blower 6 at the bottom of the tank body 3 to quickly separate the plastic and chemical fiber harmful substances in the garbage from other garbage, and then pass through the high-pressure flamethrower 5
  • the plastic and chemical fiber harmful substances in the tank 3 are instantly burned by the suspension combustion method.
  • the unburned plastic residues and harmful gases are sucked away by the draft fan 7 at the bottom of the dust collecting hood 2 for recycling, and the useful garbage is discharged from the garbage outlet at the bottom of the tank 3 Discharge; through aerial fire treatment, pollution-free and zero discharge can be achieved, and the garbage treatment can be fully automated, with ultra-low cost, and quickly completed at one time.
  • the size of the device can be large or small, and the penetration rate is high, large and small cities and towns. It can be applied to solve the problems of long-distance transportation and high cost in the treatment of garbage, and has strong promotion operability and practicability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

一种生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置,包括入料端输送带(1)、集尘罩(2)、罐体(3)、高压喷火器(5)、高压吹风机(6)、引风机(7)和出料端输送带(10),集尘罩(2)设置在罐体(3)上部,罐体(3)一侧设置有入料通道(11),入料通道(11)连接入料端输送带(1),入料通道(11)的出料口位置处设有带齿扬料铲(12),高压喷火器(5)的喷管和高压吹风机(6)的吹风管分别伸入至罐体(3)内,集尘罩(2)的底部设置有塑料残渣及有害气体出口,引风机(7)设置在塑料残渣及有害气体出口位置,罐体(3)底部设置有垃圾出口,垃圾出口下方设置有连接出料端输送带(10)的接料斗(9);采用该处理装置实现生活垃圾的无害化、减量化、资源化、产业化处理,能够做到无污染、零排放,垃圾处理可以全程自动化,成本低,一次性快速完成,实用性强。

Description

生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置 技术领域
本发明涉及环保机械技术领域,具体是一种生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置。
背景技术
生活垃圾的公害是塑料及化纤有毒制品,目前针对生活垃圾的有害化处理方式基本是采用人工分类处理,经过多年实践,成本太高,难以实施。因此,常见的生活垃圾处理装置是将其填埋或者堆积后燃烧,由于大量使用土地,形成严重污染,危害着人们的生命健康;垃圾堆积后燃烧,比如采用柴油焚烧形式,由于投资过大,燃烧成本过高,废弃物二次污染等问题,也难以广泛推广;而利用焚烧垃圾的热能发电或供热,虽然垃圾处理的比较彻底,但存在建设投资规模大,投资回收期过长,不能实现生活垃圾再利用,燃烧过程产生二次污染的问题,近些年来,国家对环境保护,以及对城市生活垃圾的处理给予了高度重视,并投入大量的财力、物力、人力进行治理和控制,由于处理设备及技术相对滞后,还远未达到较为理想有效的处理目的,这与生活垃圾处理走“无害化、减量化、资源化、产业化”的道路要求相差甚远。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述问题,从而提供一种能够实现生活垃圾的无害化、减量化、资源化、产业化处理的生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置。
本发明解决所述问题,采用的技术方案是:
一种生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置,包括入料端输送带、集尘罩、罐体、高压喷火器、高压吹风机、引风机和出料端输送带,集尘罩设置在罐体上部,罐体一侧设置有连通罐体内部的入料通道,入料通道的进料口连接入料端输送带,入料通道的出料口位置处设置有用于击打垃圾并扬成散状抛入罐体内部的带齿扬料铲,高压喷火器的喷管和高压吹风机的吹风管分别伸入至罐体内部,高压喷火器的喷管设置在高压吹风机的吹风管上方,集尘罩的底部设置有塑料残渣及有害气体出口,引风机设置在塑料残渣及有害气体出口位置,罐体底部设置有垃圾出口,垃圾出口下方设置有连接出料端输送带的接料斗。
采用上述技术方案的本发明,与现有技术相比,其突出的特点是:
解决了现有生活垃圾中塑料分离采用人工分类处理,垃圾处理工艺成本过高、工艺复杂、消耗大、难普及、存在二次污染等问题,通过本装置的带齿扬料铲将生活垃圾物料击打并扬 成散状抛入罐体内部,由于塑料、化纤有害物与其他垃圾比重不同,在重力作用下,被罐体底部的高压风机由底部向上吹起,使垃圾中的塑料、化纤有害物与其他垃圾快速分离,再通过高压喷火器将罐体内的塑料、化纤有害物通过悬浮燃烧法瞬间燃烧掉,未燃尽的塑料残渣及有害气体被集尘罩底部引风机吸走回收,有用垃圾由罐体底部垃圾出口排出;通过空中喷火处理,能够做到无污染、零排放,并且,垃圾处理可以全程自动化,成本超低,一次性快速完成,本装置尺寸可大可小,普及率高,大小城市及乡镇均可适用,解决了处理垃圾中长途运输及成本过高等问题,具有很强的推广操作性、实用性。
作为优选,本发明更进一步的技术方案是:
集尘罩上部为锥体结构,集尘罩底部设置有倾斜布置的导料底板。
罐体底部呈倒锥体结构。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例主视结构示意图;
图2是本发明实施例侧视结构示意图;
图3是本发明实施例罐体俯视结构示意图;
图中:入料端输送带1;集尘罩2;罐体3;钢构支架4;高压喷火器5;高压吹风机6;引风机7;耐火材料层8;接料斗9;出料端输送带10;入料通道11;带齿扬料铲12;导料底板13。
具体实施方式:
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,目的仅在于更好地理解本发明内容,因此,所举之例并不限制本发明的保护范围。
参见图1、图2、图3,一种生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置,包括入料端输送带1、集尘罩2、罐体3、高压喷火器5、高压吹风机6、引风机7和出料端输送带10,集尘罩2设置在罐体3上部,罐体3通过钢构支架4支撑,罐体3底部呈倒锥体结构,罐体3一侧设置有连通罐体3内部的入料通道11,入料通道11的进料口连接入料端输送带1,入料通道11的出料口位置处设置有用于将垃圾击打并扬成散状抛入罐体3内部的带齿扬料铲12,高压喷火器5的喷管和高压吹风机6的吹风管分别伸入至罐体3内部,高压喷火器5的喷管设置在高压吹风机6的欧风管上方,集尘罩2和罐体3内壁砌筑有耐火材料层8,集尘罩2的底部设置有塑料残渣及有害气体出口,引风机7设置在塑料残渣及有害气体出口位置,罐体3底部设置有垃圾出口,垃圾出口下方设置有连接出料端输送带10的接料斗9。
集尘罩2上部为锥体结构,集尘罩2底部设置有倾斜布置的导料底板13,用于将未燃尽的塑料残渣导出塑料残渣及有害气体出口。
本装置工作原理:将破碎后的生活垃圾通过入料端输送带1传送至罐体3一侧的入料通道11,通过入料通道11的出料口位置处的带齿扬料铲12将生活垃圾物料击打并扬成散状抛入罐体3内,由于塑料、化纤有害物与其他垃圾比重不同,在重力作用下,被罐体底部的高压风机由底部向上吹起,使垃圾中的塑料、化纤有害物与其他垃圾快速分离,再通过高压喷火器5将罐体3内塑料、化纤有害物通过悬浮燃烧法瞬间燃烧掉,未燃尽的塑料残渣及有害气体被罐体3内的集尘罩2底部引风机7吸走回收,有用垃圾由罐体3底部的垃圾出口排出。
本发明解决了现有生活垃圾中塑料分离采用人工分类处理,垃圾处理工艺成本过高、工艺复杂、消耗大、难普及、存在二次污染等问题,通过本装置的带齿扬料铲12将生活垃圾物料击碎成散状抛入罐体3内,被罐体3底部的高压吹风机6由底部向上吹起,使垃圾中的塑料、化纤有害物与其他垃圾快速分离,再通过高压喷火器5将罐体3内塑料、化纤有害物通过悬浮燃烧法瞬间燃烧掉,未燃尽的塑料残渣及有害气体被集尘罩2底部引风机7吸走回收,有用垃圾由罐体3底部垃圾出口排出;通过空中喷火处理,能够做到无污染、零排放,并且,垃圾处理可以全程自动化,成本超低,一次性快速完成,本装置尺寸可大可小,普及率高,大小城市及乡镇均可适用,解决了处理垃圾中长途运输及成本过高等问题,具有很强的推广操作性、实用性。
以上所述仅为本发明较佳可行的实施例而已,并非因此局限本发明的权利范围,凡运用本发明说明书及其附图内容所作的等效变化,均包含于本发明的权利范围之内。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置,包括入料端输送带、集尘罩、罐体、高压喷火器、高压吹风机、引风机和出料端输送带,其特征在于:集尘罩设置在罐体上部,罐体一侧设置有连通罐体内部的入料通道,入料通道的进料口连接入料端输送带,入料通道的出料口位置处设置有用于击打垃圾并扬成散状抛入罐体内部的带齿扬料铲,高压喷火器的喷管和高压吹风机的吹风管分别伸入至罐体内部,高压喷火器的喷管设置在高压吹风机的吹风管上方,集尘罩的底部设置有塑料残渣及有害气体出口,引风机设置在塑料残渣及有害气体出口位置,罐体底部设置有垃圾出口,垃圾出口下方设置有连接出料端输送带的接料斗。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置,其特征在于:集尘罩上部为锥体结构,集尘罩底部设置有倾斜布置的导料底板。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置,其特征在于:罐体底部呈倒锥体结构。
PCT/CN2019/000218 2019-11-10 2019-11-18 生活垃圾中塑料及化学有害物的处理装置 WO2021087633A1 (zh)

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