WO2021085089A1 - Fuel cell device - Google Patents

Fuel cell device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021085089A1
WO2021085089A1 PCT/JP2020/038338 JP2020038338W WO2021085089A1 WO 2021085089 A1 WO2021085089 A1 WO 2021085089A1 JP 2020038338 W JP2020038338 W JP 2020038338W WO 2021085089 A1 WO2021085089 A1 WO 2021085089A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
center
gravity
cell device
state
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/038338
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
孝 小野
裕希 小黒
晋太郎 柳内
智博 深川
健太郎 田中
達也 神林
Original Assignee
京セラ株式会社
ダイニチ工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 京セラ株式会社, ダイニチ工業株式会社 filed Critical 京セラ株式会社
Priority to JP2021554275A priority Critical patent/JPWO2021085089A1/ja
Publication of WO2021085089A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021085089A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a fuel cell device.
  • Patent Document 1 The fuel cell device of the prior art is described in, for example, Patent Document 1.
  • the fuel cell apparatus of the present disclosure includes a fuel cell, an auxiliary device for operating the fuel cell, a tank for storing water used for operating the fuel cell, the fuel cell, the auxiliary device, and the tank. It is equipped with a rectangular exterior case for storing fuel cells.
  • the center of gravity of the fuel cell device has a different configuration depending on the state of the tank.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1C see-through inside.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1C see-through inside.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1C see-through inside.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1C see-through inside.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1C see-through inside.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1C see-through inside.
  • Patent Document 1 exemplifies that an oxidant gas supply device having a large volume and weight is arranged in the lower part of a fuel cell system.
  • FIG. 1A is a front view showing an example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1B is a left side view showing an example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1C is a plan view showing an example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an external view showing a modified example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment
  • FIG. 2A is a front view showing a modified example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2B is a left side view showing a modified example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2C is a plan view showing a modified example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the fuel cell device 100 as an internal perspective view.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the fuel cell module.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an example of the configuration of the fuel cell device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the exterior case 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and of the six surfaces, a pair of surfaces having the largest area and a pair of surfaces adjacent to each other on the short sides of the surface having the largest area are 4 One face constitutes the side surface, and the remaining pair of faces form the bottom surface and the top surface.
  • the outer case 1 is installed in a horizontally long state.
  • the pair of surfaces having the largest area will be referred to as the front surface 1a and the back surface 1b
  • the pair of surfaces adjacent to each other on the short sides of the surface having the largest area will be referred to as the left side surface 1c and the right side surface 1d.
  • the bottom surface 1e and the top surface 1f are surfaces corresponding to the bottom surface and the top surface, respectively, in the installed state of the fuel cell device 100.
  • the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment differs depending on the state of the tank that stores the medium.
  • the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 differs depending on the state of the heat storage tank 5 described later.
  • the state of the heat storage tank 5 includes, for example, a water storage state in which the medium is stored in the heat storage tank 5 and an empty state in which the medium is not stored in the heat storage tank 5.
  • the water storage state may include a plurality of states such as a full state and a state in which water is stored above a predetermined water level (water level less than full).
  • the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 differs depending on the state of the heat storage tank 5.
  • the center of gravity in the empty state is higher than the center of gravity in the water storage state.
  • the center of gravity in the empty state is referred to as the center of gravity Ge
  • the center of gravity in the water storage state is referred to as the center of gravity Gf.
  • the medium is stored in the heat storage tank 5, so that the heat storage tank 5 is in the water storage state when the fuel cell device 100 is installed.
  • the state of the heat storage tank 5 is related to the state of the fuel cell device 100, and the position where the center of gravity Ge in the transport state (including the time of shipment) of the fuel cell device 100 is higher than the center of gravity Gf in the installed state. It is in.
  • the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 is the center of mass when the fuel cell device 100 is a single mass body in a state where all the devices including the fuel cell module and auxiliary equipment are housed in the outer case 1. is there.
  • the position of the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 is measured based on a method of measuring based on a balanced posture when the fuel cell device 100 is tilted in a plurality of directions, and a balanced posture when the fuel cell device 100 is suspended at a plurality of positions. It can be measured by a known method for measuring the center of gravity, such as a method for measuring based on the above.
  • the center of gravity Gf is the position of the center of gravity measured in the state where water is stored in the heat storage tank 5
  • the center of gravity Ge is the position of the center of gravity measured in the state where water is not stored in the heat storage tank 5.
  • the height of the outer case 1 is the distance from the bottom surface 1e to the top surface 1f of the exterior case 1, and is the length of the side where the front surface 1a and the back surface 1b and the left side surface 1c and the right side surface 1d adjacent to them intersect. (Short side lengths of the front surface 1a and the back surface 1b). In the following, the height of the outer case 1 is indicated by the symbol h.
  • the center of gravity Gf in the water storage state may be at a position lower than half the height of the outer case 1.
  • the center of gravity Ge in the empty state may be at a position higher than the center of gravity Gf, and may be at a position higher than half the height of the exterior case 1.
  • the center of gravity Gf in the water storage state may be at a position lower than half the height of the outer case 1, and the center of gravity Ge in the empty state may be at a position higher than half the height of the outer case 1.
  • the center of gravity Gf of the fuel cell device 100 in the water storage state is located at a position lower than half (h / 2) of the height h of the outer case 1.
  • the distance hgf from the bottom surface 1e of the center of gravity Gf of the fuel cell device 100 is less than h / 2 (hgf ⁇ (h / 2)).
  • the center of gravity Ge of the fuel cell device 100 in the empty state may be at a position higher than the center of gravity Gf, and may be at a position higher than half (h / 2) of the height h of the exterior case 1.
  • the distance hge from the bottom surface 1e of the center of gravity Ge of the fuel cell device 100 is larger than h / 2 (hge> (h / 2)).
  • the center of gravity Gf of the fuel cell device 100 in the water storage state is set to a position lower than half (h / 2) of the height h of the outer case 1.
  • the center of gravity Ge of the empty fuel cell device 100 is set to a position higher than the center of gravity Gf.
  • the center of gravity Ge of the empty fuel cell device 100 is set to a position higher than half (h / 2) of the height h of the outer case 1.
  • the positions of the centers of gravity Gf and Ge in the fuel cell device 100 may be deviated in the width direction.
  • the width direction is the longitudinal width direction connecting the left side surface 1c and the right side surface 1d, which is the left-right direction toward the paper surface, or the short width direction which is the vertical direction toward the paper surface perpendicular to the left-right direction. Either direction.
  • the positions of the centers of gravity Gf and Ge are deviated in the lateral width direction and the longitudinal width direction.
  • the position of the center of gravity Gf is shifted to the left side surface 1c side from the center, and the position of the center of gravity Ge is shifted to the right side surface 1d side from the center.
  • the distance lg of the center of gravity Ge is longer than the distance lgf of the center of gravity Gf. That is, the center of gravity Ge is located farther from the center than the center of gravity Gf.
  • the centers of gravity Gf and Ge are deviated in the opposite directions to the center in the longitudinal width direction, but they may be deviated in the same direction.
  • the fuel cell device 100 which is a modified example of the present embodiment, will be described.
  • the fuel cell device 100 has a center of gravity Gf'at a position lower than half the height of the exterior case 1 and a center of gravity Ge'at a position higher than the center of gravity Gf'.
  • Gf'at a position lower than half the height of the exterior case 1
  • Ge'at a position higher than the center of gravity Gf'.
  • the fuel cell device 100 shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C in that it is located at a position higher than half the height of the exterior case 1.
  • the positions of the center of gravity Gf'and the center of gravity Ge'in the fuel cell device 100 are at the center in the width direction.
  • FIG. 2C when the fuel cell device 101 is viewed in a plan view, the positions of the center of gravity Gf'and the center of gravity Ge'in the fuel cell device 100 are at the center in the width direction. In the plan view shown in FIG.
  • the width direction is the longitudinal width direction connecting the left side surface 1c and the right side surface 1d, which is the left-right direction toward the paper surface, or the short width direction which is the vertical direction toward the paper surface perpendicular to the left-right direction. Either direction.
  • at least the positions of the center of gravity Gf'and the center of gravity Ge' may be at the center in the lateral width direction, and in addition, they may be at the center in the longitudinal width direction.
  • the position of the center of gravity in the center in the width direction means that the center of gravity is within the range of the central portion when the dimensions in the width direction are divided into three equal parts in the present embodiment.
  • the stability in the installed state and during transportation can be improved, and the possibility of tipping over in the installed state and during transportation can be reduced. If it is difficult to take measures to prevent falls, the stability should be improved by setting the positions of the center of gravity Gf'and the center of gravity Ge'as the center in the width direction, as in this modification. Can be done.
  • the fuel cell module 2 and a plurality of auxiliary machines are housed in the outer case 1.
  • the auxiliary machine is a device (for example, a valve, a flow meter, a pump, a filter, various tanks) directly used to supply a fluid (fuel gas, air, water) to the fuel cell module 2. , A pipe through which a fluid flows, etc.).
  • a fluid fuel gas, air, water
  • FIG. 3 in order to make the figure easy to understand, only a part of the configurations are shown, and not all the configurations are shown. Further, the arrangement position of each configuration in the exterior case 1 shown in FIG.
  • 3 is an example, in which the center of gravity Gf and the center of gravity Gf'are lower than half the height h of the exterior case 1 and the center of gravity Ge. And as long as the center of gravity Ge'is higher than the center of gravity Gf and the center of gravity Gf', any arrangement may be used. Further, any arrangement may be used as long as the center of gravity Ge and the center of gravity Ge'are higher than half the height h of the exterior case 1.
  • the radiator 3 is arranged in the outer case 1 from substantially the center on the bottom surface 1e side.
  • the fuel cell module 2 is arranged above the radiator 3.
  • a heat exchanger 4 for exchanging heat with the medium for the exhaust gas exhausted from the fuel cell module 2 is arranged on the outer surface of the fuel cell module 2.
  • a reforming water tank 6 for storing water to be supplied to the fuel cell module 2 is arranged below the fuel cell module 2.
  • a heat storage tank 5 for storing a heat medium is arranged near the left side surface 1c.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the fuel cell module.
  • the fuel cell 22 is housed in a rectangular parallelepiped storage container 21.
  • the fuel cell 22 is provided with a reformer 25 for reforming raw fuel and generating fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell 24 above the cell stack 23.
  • the cell stack 23 is arranged in a row in a state in which hollow flat plate type columnar fuel cell cells 24 having a gas flow path through which fuel gas flows from one end to the other end are erected.
  • the fuel cell 24s adjacent to each other in the arrangement direction are electrically connected in series via a conductive member.
  • the lower end of the fuel cell 24 is fixed to the manifold 26 with an insulating adhesive.
  • the fuel cell 24 may be any columnar type, and can be applied to, for example, a cylindrical type or a horizontal stripe type.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell 24 is described in FIG. 4, for example, the fuel cell may be a solid polymer type, and in this case, the module may be read as a stack. ..
  • the storage container 21 is composed of a box body 21a having an opening on one side and a lid body 21c that closes the opening 21b of the box body 21a.
  • the box body 21a has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and one of the pair of faces having the largest area among the six faces of the rectangular parallelepiped is open.
  • the fuel cell 22 is housed in the box body 21a through the opening 21b, and the opening 21b is closed by the lid 21c to form the fuel cell module 2.
  • air supplied from the outside is used as an oxygen-containing gas, and a power generation reaction is performed with the fuel gas generated by the reformer 25.
  • the gas after the reaction is burned by a combustion catalyst or the like and then exhausted from the fuel cell module 2 as high-temperature exhaust gas. This high-temperature exhaust gas is exhausted from the lid 21c side and then supplied to the heat exchanger 4.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an example of the configuration of the fuel cell device shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, 2A to 2C, and 3.
  • the fuel cell device 100 of the embodiment includes the above-mentioned fuel cell module 2, heat exchanger 4, heat medium line HC1, radiator 3, and control device 30.
  • the fuel gas used for power generation is introduced into the reformer 25 together with the reformed water for reforming the fuel gas via the fuel gas supply device 14.
  • the air used for power generation is introduced into the fuel cell module 2 via the air supply device 15.
  • the heat medium line HC1 includes a heat exchanger 4, for example, a heat storage tank 5 for storing a heat medium which is water, a radiator 3, a heat medium pump P1 for circulating the heat medium from the heat storage tank 5, and a pipe connecting them. ..
  • a heat exchanger 4 for example, a heat storage tank 5 for storing a heat medium which is water, a radiator 3, a heat medium pump P1 for circulating the heat medium from the heat storage tank 5, and a pipe connecting them. ..
  • the heat exchanger 4 the heat storage tank 5, and the radiator 3 are provided in this order in the circulation direction of the heat medium in the heat medium line HC1.
  • the generated condensed water is collected via the condensed water flow path C and stored in the reforming water tank 6.
  • the exhaust gas from which the water has been removed is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust gas flow path E.
  • the condensed water stored in the reforming water tank 6 is supplied to the reformer 25 via the reforming water flow path R and the reforming water pump P2, and is used for steam reforming of the fuel gas.
  • the heat storage tank 5 stores a heat medium that has exchanged heat with the exhaust gas of the fuel cell module 2.
  • the radiator 3 has a fan 51.
  • the radiator 3 is a cooling unit for cooling the heat medium by the air blown by the fan 51.
  • the fuel cell device 100 may further include various configurations required for power generation, hot water discharge, and the like. Each configuration shown above is an example, and is an arbitrary configuration except for the configurations required for various controls described later.
  • the fuel cell device 100 includes a fuel cell module 2 and the like, as well as a power conditioner 20 and a control device 30 as auxiliary devices for assisting the power generation operation thereof.
  • the power conditioner 20 supplies the electric power generated by the fuel cell module 2 to an external load in connection with a commercial power supply system (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a system).
  • the fuel cell device 100 includes a control device 30 including at least one processor, a storage device, and the like in order to provide control and processing power for performing various functions, as described in detail below.
  • a control device 30 including at least one processor, a storage device, and the like in order to provide control and processing power for performing various functions, as described in detail below.
  • the control device 30 is connected to a storage device and a display device (both not shown), various components and various sensors (not shown) constituting the fuel cell device 100, and includes each of these functional units and the fuel cell device. Control and manage the entire 100.
  • the control device 30 acquires a program stored in a storage device attached to the control device 30, and executes this program to realize various functions related to each part of the fuel cell device 100.
  • the position (height hgm) of the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 in the state of being arranged in the outer case 1 of the fuel cell device 100 is the center of gravity Gf (height hgm) of the fuel cell device 100 in the water storage state.
  • the position is lower than the center of gravity Gf') or the center of gravity Ge (or the center of gravity Ge') of the fuel cell device 100 in the empty state (hgf> hgm, hge> hgm).
  • the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 is set to the center of gravity Gf of the fuel cell device 100 in the water storage state or the fuel cell device 100 in the empty state.
  • the fuel cell device 100 can be installed in a more stable state.
  • the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 can be specified as follows. First, the center of gravity of the fuel cell module 2 alone is measured by the same method as the method of measuring the center of gravity G of the fuel cell device 100. Based on the measured position of the center of gravity, the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 in the state of being arranged in the outer case 1 is specified. For example, when the measurement shows that the center of gravity of the fuel cell module 2 alone is at a height of A cm from the bottom surface of the storage container 21, the height of the bottom surface of the storage container 21 in the outer case 1 of the fuel cell device 100. If the position is B cm in height from the bottom surface 1e of the outer case 1, the height hgm of the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 in the outer case 1 can be specified as (A + B) cm.
  • the radiator 3 is arranged on the bottom surface 1e side of the exterior case 1, and is mounted on the inner bottom surface of the exterior case 1 in the present embodiment. Since the radiator 3 has a relatively large mass like the fuel cell module 2, the fuel cell device 100 can be installed in a more stable state by arranging the radiator 3 on the bottom surface 1e side. Further, since the radiator 3 is located at a low position, the intake port for taking in the outside air is also provided at a low position, and the outside air having a relatively low temperature can be taken in, so that the cooling efficiency can be improved. Further, the fuel cell device 100 is installed outdoors and may be irradiated with direct sunlight depending on the installation location. Even in such a case, since the radiator 3 is in a low position, the temperature rise due to the irradiation of direct sunlight can be prevented, so that the cooling efficiency of the radiator 3 can be improved.
  • the heat storage tank 5 is arranged in the outer case 1 closer to the left side surface 1c.
  • the lower portion may have a shape extending along the inner bottom surface of the exterior case 1, that is, an L shape extending toward the front surface 1a or the back surface 1b.
  • the heat storage tank 5 is arranged adjacent to the left side surface 1c of the outer case 1 and along the left side surface 1c. If the heat storage tank 5 has an L shape, the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 can be further lowered by inserting a heat medium into the heat storage tank 5.
  • the shape of the heat storage tank 5 does not have to be L-shaped as long as it extends along the inner bottom surface of the outer case 1 as described above.
  • it is a tubular shape such as a square cylinder or a cylinder composed of only the lower portion, the above-mentioned effect can be obtained if the length extending from the height of the bottom surface 1e in the lateral direction is longer.
  • it may have a truncated cone shape such as a truncated cone shape or a square truncated cone shape.
  • the shape may be such that the bottom area is larger than the top area. Since the bottom area is larger than the top area, the installation stability of the heat storage tank 5 is improved.
  • the upper area of the heat storage tank 5 is the area of the upper end surface when the heat storage tank 5 is viewed in a plan view.
  • the bottom area of the heat storage tank 5 is the area of the lower end surface when the heat storage tank 5 is viewed in a plan view.
  • the lower portion of the heat storage tank 5 is placed directly on the inner bottom surface of the outer case 1, but there may be a gap between the lower portion and the inner bottom surface, and the lower portion and the inner bottom surface may be present.
  • Another member, for example, a heat insulating material, may be present between the and.
  • a part of the raw material fuel supply line is arranged above the fuel cell module 2. Since the configuration included in the raw material and fuel supply line as described above has a relatively small mass, maintenance can be facilitated by arranging the configuration above the fuel cell module 2, that is, above the outer case 1.
  • a gas detection device is provided above the fuel cell module 2 even if a gas leak occurs from the raw material fuel supply line. By arranging, gas leakage can be detected efficiently.
  • an outside air supply line that takes in the outside air (outside air) of the fuel cell device 100 and supplies it as an oxygen-containing gas to the fuel cell module 2 is arranged in the exterior case 1.
  • a part of the outside air supply line is arranged above the fuel cell module 2. Since the configuration included in the outside air supply line as described above has a relatively small mass, maintenance can be facilitated by arranging the configuration above the fuel cell module 2, that is, above the outer case 1. Further, by arranging a part of the outside air supply line above the fuel cell module 2, the outside air taken into the fuel cell device 100 is susceptible to radiant heat from the fuel cell module 2, and high-temperature air is taken into the fuel cell module 2. It can be supplied to the fuel cell, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
  • the fuel cell device 100 further includes the power conditioner 20.
  • the power conditioner 20 is for supplying electric power generated by the fuel cell device 100 to an external load in connection with a system power supply, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a semiconductor memory, and the like.
  • a system power supply for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a semiconductor memory, and the like.
  • a wiring board or the like on which the electronic components of the above are mounted is housed in a rectangular protective case.
  • the power conditioner 20 is arranged in the outer case 1 above the lower portion of the heat storage tank 5 and adjacent to the upper portion.
  • the fuel cell device of the present disclosure it is possible to provide a fuel cell device with improved installation stability and transportability.

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Abstract

Provided is a fuel cell device with improved installation stability and transportability. The fuel cell device comprises: a fuel cell; an auxiliary device for operating the fuel cell; a tank for storing a medium used in the operation of the fuel cell; and a cuboid shaped exterior case that houses the fuel cell, the auxiliary device, and the tank, wherein in the fuel cell device, the center of gravity of the fuel cell device differs according to the state of the tank.

Description

燃料電池装置Fuel cell device
 本開示は、燃料電池装置に関する。 This disclosure relates to a fuel cell device.
 従来技術の燃料電池装置は、例えば、特許文献1に記載されている。 The fuel cell device of the prior art is described in, for example, Patent Document 1.
特開2010-62134号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-62134
 本開示の燃料電池装置は、燃料電池と、前記燃料電池を作動させるための補機と、前記燃料電池の作動に利用される媒体を貯水するタンクと、前記燃料電池、前記補機および前記タンクを収納する直方体形状の外装ケースと、を備えている。前記燃料電池装置の重心は、前記タンクの状態に応じて異なっている構成とする。 The fuel cell apparatus of the present disclosure includes a fuel cell, an auxiliary device for operating the fuel cell, a tank for storing water used for operating the fuel cell, the fuel cell, the auxiliary device, and the tank. It is equipped with a rectangular exterior case for storing fuel cells. The center of gravity of the fuel cell device has a different configuration depending on the state of the tank.
 本開示の目的、特色、および利点は、下記の詳細な説明と図面とからより明確になるであろう。
本実施形態の燃料電池装置の一例を示す正面図である。 本実施形態の燃料電池装置の一例を示す左側面図である。 本実施形態の燃料電池装置の一例を示す平面図である。 本実施形態の燃料電池装置の変形例を示す正面図である。 本実施形態の燃料電池装置の変形例を示す左側面図である。 本実施形態の燃料電池装置の変形例を示す平面図である。 図1A~1Cに示す燃料電池装置を内部透視した正面図である。 本実施形態の燃料電池モジュールの一例を示す分解斜視図である。 図1A~1C,2A~2C,3に示す燃料電池装置の構成の一例を示す構成図である。
The purposes, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become clearer from the detailed description and drawings below.
It is a front view which shows an example of the fuel cell apparatus of this embodiment. It is a left side view which shows an example of the fuel cell apparatus of this embodiment. It is a top view which shows an example of the fuel cell apparatus of this embodiment. It is a front view which shows the modification of the fuel cell apparatus of this embodiment. It is a left side view which shows the modification of the fuel cell apparatus of this embodiment. It is a top view which shows the modification of the fuel cell apparatus of this embodiment. It is a front view which made the fuel cell apparatus shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C see-through inside. It is an exploded perspective view which shows an example of the fuel cell module of this embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the structure of the fuel cell apparatus shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, 2A to 2C, and 3.
 以下、図面を用いて本実施形態の一例の燃料電池装置について説明する。まず、本開示の燃料電池装置が基礎とする構成について述べる。 Hereinafter, a fuel cell device as an example of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the configuration on which the fuel cell device of the present disclosure is based will be described.
 近年、次世代エネルギーとして、燃料ガス(水素含有ガス)と空気(酸素含有ガス)とを用いて電力を得ることができる燃料電池セルを備えるセルスタック装置を収納装置内に収納してなる燃料電池モジュールと、この燃料電池モジュールを動作させるための各種補機とを外装ケース内に収納してなる燃料電池装置が種々提案されている。例えば特許文献1には、容積及び重量の大きな酸化剤ガス供給装置を燃料電池システムの下部に配置することが例示されている。 In recent years, a fuel cell in which a cell stack device including a fuel cell capable of obtaining electricity by using fuel gas (hydrogen-containing gas) and air (oxygen-containing gas) as next-generation energy is housed in the storage device. Various fuel cell devices have been proposed in which a module and various auxiliary machines for operating the fuel cell module are housed in an outer case. For example, Patent Document 1 exemplifies that an oxidant gas supply device having a large volume and weight is arranged in the lower part of a fuel cell system.
 このような燃料電池装置においては、小型化が求められている。燃料電池装置の小型化にあたっては、さらに設置安定性が要求される。 In such a fuel cell device, miniaturization is required. Further installation stability is required for miniaturization of fuel cell devices.
 一方で、燃料電池装置は、相当の重量を有することから、その出荷から設置までの搬送性も要求される。 On the other hand, since the fuel cell device has a considerable weight, transportability from shipment to installation is also required.
 図1Aは、本実施形態の燃料電池装置100の一例を示す正面図である。図1Bは、本実施形態の燃料電池装置100の一例を示す左側面図である。図1Cは、本実施形態の燃料電池装置100の一例を示す平面図である。図2は、本実施形態の燃料電池装置100の変形例を示す外観図であり、図2Aは、本実施形態の燃料電池装置100の変形例を示す正面図である。図2Bは、本実施形態の燃料電池装置100の変形例を示す左側面図である。図2Cは、本実施形態の燃料電池装置100の変形例を示す平面図である。図3は、燃料電池装置100を内部透視した正面図である。図4は、燃料電池モジュールの一例を示す分解斜視図である。図5は、図1~3に示す燃料電池装置の構成の一例を示す構成図である。 FIG. 1A is a front view showing an example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 1B is a left side view showing an example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 1C is a plan view showing an example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is an external view showing a modified example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2A is a front view showing a modified example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 2B is a left side view showing a modified example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 2C is a plan view showing a modified example of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front view of the fuel cell device 100 as an internal perspective view. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the fuel cell module. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an example of the configuration of the fuel cell device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
 本実施形態の燃料電池装置100では、外装ケース1が直方体形状であり、六面のうち、最も面積が大きい一対の面と、最も面積が大きい面の短辺で隣り合う一対の面との4つの面が側面を構成し、残りの一対の面が底面と上面とを構成する。燃料電池装置100は、外装ケース1が、横長の状態で設置される。以下では便宜上、4つの側面のうち、最も面積が大きい一対の面を正面1aおよび背面1b、最も面積が大きい面の短辺で隣り合う一対の面を左側面1cおよび右側面1dと称するが、これらの名称は、燃料電池装置100の設置方向または設置状態などを限定するものではない。なお、底面1eおよび上面1fは、燃料電池装置100の設置状態において、それぞれ底面および上面に相当する面である。 In the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment, the exterior case 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and of the six surfaces, a pair of surfaces having the largest area and a pair of surfaces adjacent to each other on the short sides of the surface having the largest area are 4 One face constitutes the side surface, and the remaining pair of faces form the bottom surface and the top surface. In the fuel cell device 100, the outer case 1 is installed in a horizontally long state. Hereinafter, for convenience, the pair of surfaces having the largest area will be referred to as the front surface 1a and the back surface 1b, and the pair of surfaces adjacent to each other on the short sides of the surface having the largest area will be referred to as the left side surface 1c and the right side surface 1d. These names do not limit the installation direction or installation state of the fuel cell device 100. The bottom surface 1e and the top surface 1f are surfaces corresponding to the bottom surface and the top surface, respectively, in the installed state of the fuel cell device 100.
 本実施形態の燃料電池装置100は、その重心が、媒体を貯水するタンクの状態に応じて異なっている。本実施形態では、例えば、後述の蓄熱タンク5の状態に応じて、燃料電池装置100の重心が異なっている。蓄熱タンク5の状態としては、例えば、蓄熱タンク5に媒体が貯水された貯水状態と、蓄熱タンク5に媒体が貯水されていない空状態とがある。また、貯水状態には、満水状態および所定の水位(満水未満の水位)以上に貯水されている状態など複数の状態を含んでいてもよい。 The center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment differs depending on the state of the tank that stores the medium. In the present embodiment, for example, the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 differs depending on the state of the heat storage tank 5 described later. The state of the heat storage tank 5 includes, for example, a water storage state in which the medium is stored in the heat storage tank 5 and an empty state in which the medium is not stored in the heat storage tank 5. Further, the water storage state may include a plurality of states such as a full state and a state in which water is stored above a predetermined water level (water level less than full).
 本実施形態の燃料電池装置100は、蓄熱タンク5の状態に応じて、燃料電池装置100の重心が異なっており、例えば、空状態における重心が、貯水状態における重心よりも、高い位置にある。以下では、空状態における重心を重心Geとし、貯水状態における重心を重心Gfとする。出荷時には、蓄熱タンク5内には媒体が貯水されておらず、蓄熱タンク5の状態は、空状態である。蓄熱タンク5に媒体を貯水するのは、燃料電池装置100を設置場所に設置したのちであるので、出荷時から設置場所までの搬送状態においても、蓄熱タンク5の状態は、空状態である。燃料電池装置100が設置場所にまで搬送されて設置されると、蓄熱タンク5に媒体が貯水されるので、燃料電池装置100が設置状態において、蓄熱タンク5は貯水状態となる。このように、蓄熱タンク5の状態は、燃料電池装置100の状態と関連しており、燃料電池装置100の搬送状態(出荷時を含む)における重心Geが、設置状態における重心Gfよりも高い位置にある。 In the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment, the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 differs depending on the state of the heat storage tank 5. For example, the center of gravity in the empty state is higher than the center of gravity in the water storage state. In the following, the center of gravity in the empty state is referred to as the center of gravity Ge, and the center of gravity in the water storage state is referred to as the center of gravity Gf. At the time of shipment, no medium is stored in the heat storage tank 5, and the heat storage tank 5 is empty. Since the medium is stored in the heat storage tank 5 after the fuel cell device 100 is installed at the installation location, the heat storage tank 5 is empty even in the transport state from the time of shipment to the installation location. When the fuel cell device 100 is transported to the installation location and installed, the medium is stored in the heat storage tank 5, so that the heat storage tank 5 is in the water storage state when the fuel cell device 100 is installed. As described above, the state of the heat storage tank 5 is related to the state of the fuel cell device 100, and the position where the center of gravity Ge in the transport state (including the time of shipment) of the fuel cell device 100 is higher than the center of gravity Gf in the installed state. It is in.
 ここで、燃料電池装置100の重心は、燃料電池モジュールおよび補機を含む全ての装置が外装ケース1内に収納された状態で、燃料電池装置100を1つの質量体としたときの質量中心である。燃料電池装置100の重心位置は、複数の方向に燃料電池装置100を傾けたときの釣り合った姿勢に基づいて測定する方法、複数の位置で燃料電池装置100を吊り下げたときの釣り合った姿勢に基づいて測定する方法など、公知の重心測定方法によって測定することができる。重心Gfは、蓄熱タンク5に貯水された状態で測定された重心位置であり、重心Geは、蓄熱タンク5に貯水されていない状態で測定された重心位置である。 Here, the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 is the center of mass when the fuel cell device 100 is a single mass body in a state where all the devices including the fuel cell module and auxiliary equipment are housed in the outer case 1. is there. The position of the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 is measured based on a method of measuring based on a balanced posture when the fuel cell device 100 is tilted in a plurality of directions, and a balanced posture when the fuel cell device 100 is suspended at a plurality of positions. It can be measured by a known method for measuring the center of gravity, such as a method for measuring based on the above. The center of gravity Gf is the position of the center of gravity measured in the state where water is stored in the heat storage tank 5, and the center of gravity Ge is the position of the center of gravity measured in the state where water is not stored in the heat storage tank 5.
 外装ケース1の高さは、外装ケース1の底面1eから上面1fまでの距離であり、正面1aおよび背面1bと、これらに隣接する左側面1cおよび右側面1dと、が交差する辺の長さ(正面1aおよび背面1bの短辺長さ)である。以下では、外装ケース1の高さを記号hで示す。 The height of the outer case 1 is the distance from the bottom surface 1e to the top surface 1f of the exterior case 1, and is the length of the side where the front surface 1a and the back surface 1b and the left side surface 1c and the right side surface 1d adjacent to them intersect. (Short side lengths of the front surface 1a and the back surface 1b). In the following, the height of the outer case 1 is indicated by the symbol h.
 本実施形態では、貯水状態における重心Gfが、外装ケース1の高さの半分よりも低い位置にあってもよい。また、空状態における重心Geは、重心Gfよりも高い位置にあればよく、外装ケース1の高さの半分よりも高い位置にあってもよい。さらに、貯水状態における重心Gfが、外装ケース1の高さの半分よりも低い位置にあり、かつ空状態における重心Geが、外装ケース1の高さの半分よりも高い位置にあってもよい。貯水状態における燃料電池装置100の重心Gfは、外装ケース1の高さhの半分(h/2)よりも低い位置にある。すなわち、燃料電池装置100の重心Gfの底面1eからの距離hgfがh/2未満である(hgf<(h/2))。空状態における燃料電池装置100の重心Geは、重心Gfよりも高い位置にあればよく、外装ケース1の高さhの半分(h/2)よりも高い位置にあってもよい。この場合、燃料電池装置100の重心Geの底面1eからの距離hgeがh/2より大きい(hge>(h/2))。 In the present embodiment, the center of gravity Gf in the water storage state may be at a position lower than half the height of the outer case 1. Further, the center of gravity Ge in the empty state may be at a position higher than the center of gravity Gf, and may be at a position higher than half the height of the exterior case 1. Further, the center of gravity Gf in the water storage state may be at a position lower than half the height of the outer case 1, and the center of gravity Ge in the empty state may be at a position higher than half the height of the outer case 1. The center of gravity Gf of the fuel cell device 100 in the water storage state is located at a position lower than half (h / 2) of the height h of the outer case 1. That is, the distance hgf from the bottom surface 1e of the center of gravity Gf of the fuel cell device 100 is less than h / 2 (hgf <(h / 2)). The center of gravity Ge of the fuel cell device 100 in the empty state may be at a position higher than the center of gravity Gf, and may be at a position higher than half (h / 2) of the height h of the exterior case 1. In this case, the distance hge from the bottom surface 1e of the center of gravity Ge of the fuel cell device 100 is larger than h / 2 (hge> (h / 2)).
 燃料電池装置100を小型化するにあたり、例えば底面1eの面積を小さくすると、抵抗モーメントが減少し、転倒を生じるおそれがある。これに対し、貯水状態の燃料電池装置100の重心Gfを、外装ケース1の高さhの半分(h/2)よりも低い位置とする。これにより、燃料電池装置100の小型化により底面1eの面積が小さくなり抵抗モーメントが減少したとしても、転倒モーメントを減少させることができ、安定した設置状態を維持することが可能となる。 When the fuel cell device 100 is downsized, for example, if the area of the bottom surface 1e is reduced, the resistance moment is reduced and there is a risk of tipping over. On the other hand, the center of gravity Gf of the fuel cell device 100 in the water storage state is set to a position lower than half (h / 2) of the height h of the outer case 1. As a result, even if the area of the bottom surface 1e is reduced due to the miniaturization of the fuel cell device 100 and the resistance moment is reduced, the overturning moment can be reduced and a stable installation state can be maintained.
 また、空状態の燃料電池装置100の重心Geを、重心Gfよりも高い位置とする。例えば、空状態の燃料電池装置100の重心Geを、外装ケース1の高さhの半分(h/2)よりも高い位置とする。これにより、燃料電池装置100の設置での微調整の際に、燃料電池装置100を動かしやすいほか、燃料電池装置100の搬送状態において、燃料電池装置を傾けた状態で運ぶ台車を用いる場合に、このような重心位置で傾けて搬送することで、傾けた状態で安定し、搬送時の台車からの落下防止、搬送時の揺動による内部装置の破損などを防止することができる。 Further, the center of gravity Ge of the empty fuel cell device 100 is set to a position higher than the center of gravity Gf. For example, the center of gravity Ge of the empty fuel cell device 100 is set to a position higher than half (h / 2) of the height h of the outer case 1. As a result, the fuel cell device 100 can be easily moved when making fine adjustments in the installation of the fuel cell device 100, and when a trolley that carries the fuel cell device in an inclined state is used in the transport state of the fuel cell device 100. By tilting and transporting the fuel at such a position of the center of gravity, it is possible to stabilize the tilted state, prevent the internal device from falling from the trolley during transport, and prevent damage to the internal device due to rocking during transport.
 すなわち、燃料電池装置100について、貯水状態と空状態の状態に応じて重心位置を異ならせることで、設置安定性と搬送性の両方を改善することが可能となる。 That is, it is possible to improve both the installation stability and the transportability of the fuel cell device 100 by changing the position of the center of gravity according to the water storage state and the empty state.
 さらに、燃料電池装置100を平面視した場合に、燃料電池装置100における重心Gf,Geの位置が、幅方向においてずれていてもよい。幅方向は、図1Cに示す平面図では、左側面1cと右側面1dとを結ぶ、紙面向かって左右方向である長手幅方向、または左右方向に垂直な紙面向かって上下方向である短手幅方向のいずれかの方向である。本例では、重心Gf,Geの位置が、短手幅方向および長手幅方向にずれている。 Further, when the fuel cell device 100 is viewed in a plan view, the positions of the centers of gravity Gf and Ge in the fuel cell device 100 may be deviated in the width direction. In the plan view shown in FIG. 1C, the width direction is the longitudinal width direction connecting the left side surface 1c and the right side surface 1d, which is the left-right direction toward the paper surface, or the short width direction which is the vertical direction toward the paper surface perpendicular to the left-right direction. Either direction. In this example, the positions of the centers of gravity Gf and Ge are deviated in the lateral width direction and the longitudinal width direction.
 ここで、図1Cの平面図においては、本実施形態では、重心Gfの位置が中心よりも左側面1c側にずれており、重心Geの位置が中心よりも右側面1d側にずれている。そして、重心Gf,Geの長手幅方向の中心からの距離を比べると、重心Geの距離lgeが重心Gfの距離lgfよりも長くなっている。つまり、重心Geは重心Gfよりも中心から離れた位置にある。これにより、空状態の燃料電池装置100の搬送時には、傾けた状態でより安定させることができるとともに、貯水状態では安定した設置状態を維持することができる。なお、本実施形態では、重心Gf,Geが長手幅方向の中心に対して反対の方向にずれているが、同じ方向にずれていてもよい。 Here, in the plan view of FIG. 1C, in the present embodiment, the position of the center of gravity Gf is shifted to the left side surface 1c side from the center, and the position of the center of gravity Ge is shifted to the right side surface 1d side from the center. Comparing the distances from the centers of the centers of gravity Gf and Ge in the longitudinal width direction, the distance lg of the center of gravity Ge is longer than the distance lgf of the center of gravity Gf. That is, the center of gravity Ge is located farther from the center than the center of gravity Gf. As a result, when the fuel cell device 100 in the empty state is transported, it can be made more stable in the tilted state, and a stable installation state can be maintained in the water storage state. In the present embodiment, the centers of gravity Gf and Ge are deviated in the opposite directions to the center in the longitudinal width direction, but they may be deviated in the same direction.
 本実施形態の変形例である燃料電池装置100について説明する。図2Aに示すように、燃料電池装置100は、その重心Gf’が、外装ケース1の高さの半分よりも低い位置にある点および重心Ge’が、重心Gf’よりも高い位置にある、具体的には外装ケース1の高さの半分よりも高い位置にある点で、図1A~1Cに示した燃料電池装置100と同じである。本変形例では、図2Cの平面図に示すように、燃料電池装置101を平面視した場合に、燃料電池装置100における重心Gf’および重心Ge’の位置が、幅方向における中心にある。幅方向は、図2Cに示す平面図では、左側面1cと右側面1dとを結ぶ、紙面向かって左右方向である長手幅方向、または左右方向に垂直な紙面向かって上下方向である短手幅方向のいずれかの方向である。本変形例では、少なくとも重心Gf’および重心Ge’の位置が短手幅方向における中心にあればよく、さらに加えて長手幅方向における中心にあってもよい。なお、重心の位置が幅方向における中心にあるとは、本実施形態において、幅方向の寸法を三等分したときに中央部分の範囲内に重心が有る場合をいう。 The fuel cell device 100, which is a modified example of the present embodiment, will be described. As shown in FIG. 2A, the fuel cell device 100 has a center of gravity Gf'at a position lower than half the height of the exterior case 1 and a center of gravity Ge'at a position higher than the center of gravity Gf'. Specifically, it is the same as the fuel cell device 100 shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C in that it is located at a position higher than half the height of the exterior case 1. In this modification, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 2C, when the fuel cell device 101 is viewed in a plan view, the positions of the center of gravity Gf'and the center of gravity Ge'in the fuel cell device 100 are at the center in the width direction. In the plan view shown in FIG. 2C, the width direction is the longitudinal width direction connecting the left side surface 1c and the right side surface 1d, which is the left-right direction toward the paper surface, or the short width direction which is the vertical direction toward the paper surface perpendicular to the left-right direction. Either direction. In this modification, at least the positions of the center of gravity Gf'and the center of gravity Ge'may be at the center in the lateral width direction, and in addition, they may be at the center in the longitudinal width direction. The position of the center of gravity in the center in the width direction means that the center of gravity is within the range of the central portion when the dimensions in the width direction are divided into three equal parts in the present embodiment.
 重心Gf’および重心Ge’の位置が、幅方向の中心にあると、設置状態や搬送時の安定性が向上し、設置状態や搬送時での転倒が生じる可能性を低くすることができる。転倒防止策を講じることが困難な設置状態となる場合には、本変形例のように、重心Gf’および重心Ge’の位置を、幅方向の中心とすることで、安定性を向上させることができる。 When the positions of the center of gravity Gf'and the center of gravity Ge'are at the center in the width direction, the stability in the installed state and during transportation can be improved, and the possibility of tipping over in the installed state and during transportation can be reduced. If it is difficult to take measures to prevent falls, the stability should be improved by setting the positions of the center of gravity Gf'and the center of gravity Ge'as the center in the width direction, as in this modification. Can be done.
 図3に示すように、本実施形態の燃料電池装置100は、外装ケース1内に燃料電池モジュール2および複数の補機が収納されている。なお、本明細書において補機とは、燃料電池モジュール2に流体(燃料ガス、空気、水)を供給するにあたって直接的に用いられる機器類(例えば、弁、流量計、ポンプ、フィルタ、各種タンク、流体が流れる管等)をいうものとする。また、図3は、図を分かり易くするために、一部の構成のみを図示しており、全ての構成を図示しているわけではない。さらに、図3に示した外装ケース1内における各構成の配置位置は、一例であって、重心Gfおよび重心Gf’が、外装ケース1の高さhの半分よりも低い位置にあり、重心Geおよび重心Ge’が、重心Gfおよび重心Gf’よりも高い位置にあれば、どのような配置であってもよい。さらには、重心Geおよび重心Ge’が、外装ケース1の高さhの半分よりも高い位置にあれば、どのような配置であってもよい。 As shown in FIG. 3, in the fuel cell device 100 of the present embodiment, the fuel cell module 2 and a plurality of auxiliary machines are housed in the outer case 1. In the present specification, the auxiliary machine is a device (for example, a valve, a flow meter, a pump, a filter, various tanks) directly used to supply a fluid (fuel gas, air, water) to the fuel cell module 2. , A pipe through which a fluid flows, etc.). Further, in FIG. 3, in order to make the figure easy to understand, only a part of the configurations are shown, and not all the configurations are shown. Further, the arrangement position of each configuration in the exterior case 1 shown in FIG. 3 is an example, in which the center of gravity Gf and the center of gravity Gf'are lower than half the height h of the exterior case 1 and the center of gravity Ge. And as long as the center of gravity Ge'is higher than the center of gravity Gf and the center of gravity Gf', any arrangement may be used. Further, any arrangement may be used as long as the center of gravity Ge and the center of gravity Ge'are higher than half the height h of the exterior case 1.
 以下では、本実施形態の外装ケース1内の各構成の配置の一例について説明する。本実施形態では、外装ケース1内において、底面1e側のほぼ中央よりに、放熱器3が配設されている。この放熱器3の上方に燃料電池モジュール2が配設される。燃料電池モジュール2の外面には、燃料電池モジュール2から排気された排ガスを媒体と熱交換するための熱交換器4が配置されている。また燃料電池モジュール2の下方には、燃料電池モジュール2に供給する水を貯水する改質水タンク6が配置されている。さらに外装ケース1内において、左側面1c寄りには、内部に熱媒体を蓄える蓄熱タンク5が配設されている。例えば、これら補機の配置を外装ケース1内において、調整することにより、重心の位置を、幅方向における中心からずらすことも、幅方向における中心とすることもできる。以下、本実施形態の燃料電池モジュールの一例について説明する。 Hereinafter, an example of the arrangement of each configuration in the exterior case 1 of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the radiator 3 is arranged in the outer case 1 from substantially the center on the bottom surface 1e side. The fuel cell module 2 is arranged above the radiator 3. A heat exchanger 4 for exchanging heat with the medium for the exhaust gas exhausted from the fuel cell module 2 is arranged on the outer surface of the fuel cell module 2. Further, below the fuel cell module 2, a reforming water tank 6 for storing water to be supplied to the fuel cell module 2 is arranged. Further, in the outer case 1, a heat storage tank 5 for storing a heat medium is arranged near the left side surface 1c. For example, by adjusting the arrangement of these auxiliary machines in the outer case 1, the position of the center of gravity can be shifted from the center in the width direction or the center in the width direction. Hereinafter, an example of the fuel cell module of the present embodiment will be described.
 図4は、燃料電池モジュールの一例を示す分解斜視図である。燃料電池モジュール2では、直方体形状の収納容器21内に燃料電池22が収納されている。燃料電池22は、セルスタック23の上方に、原燃料を改質して、燃料電池セル24に供給する燃料ガスを生成するための改質器25が配置されてなる。セルスタック23は、内部を燃料ガスが一端から他端に流通するガス流路を有する中空平板型の柱状の燃料電池セル24を立設させた状態で一列に配列する。配列方向に隣接する燃料電池セル24間が導電部材を介して電気的に直列に接続されている。燃料電池セル24の下端を絶縁性接着材でマニホールド26に固定してなる。なお、燃料電池セル24としては、柱状のものであればよく、例えば円筒型や横縞型にも適用できる。なお、図4においては、固体酸化物形の燃料電池セル24を用いて説明しているが、例えば燃料電池セルを固体高分子形とすることもでき、この場合モジュールをスタックと読み替えればよい。 FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the fuel cell module. In the fuel cell module 2, the fuel cell 22 is housed in a rectangular parallelepiped storage container 21. The fuel cell 22 is provided with a reformer 25 for reforming raw fuel and generating fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell 24 above the cell stack 23. The cell stack 23 is arranged in a row in a state in which hollow flat plate type columnar fuel cell cells 24 having a gas flow path through which fuel gas flows from one end to the other end are erected. The fuel cell 24s adjacent to each other in the arrangement direction are electrically connected in series via a conductive member. The lower end of the fuel cell 24 is fixed to the manifold 26 with an insulating adhesive. The fuel cell 24 may be any columnar type, and can be applied to, for example, a cylindrical type or a horizontal stripe type. Although the solid oxide fuel cell 24 is described in FIG. 4, for example, the fuel cell may be a solid polymer type, and in this case, the module may be read as a stack. ..
 収納容器21は、一面が開口した箱体21aと、箱体21aの開口21bを塞ぐ蓋体21cとからなる。本実施形態では、箱体21aは、直方体形状であり、直方体の6面のうち、最も面積の大きな一対の面の一方の面が開口している。燃料電池22は、開口21bから箱体21a内に収納され、蓋体21cによって開口21bが塞がれて燃料電池モジュール2が構成される。燃料電池22では、外部から供給される空気を酸素含有ガスとし、改質器25によって生成された燃料ガスとで発電反応を行う。反応後のガスは、燃焼触媒等にて燃焼させた後、高温の排ガスとして燃料電池モジュール2から排気される。この高温の排ガスは、蓋体21c側から排気された後、熱交換器4に供給される。 The storage container 21 is composed of a box body 21a having an opening on one side and a lid body 21c that closes the opening 21b of the box body 21a. In the present embodiment, the box body 21a has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and one of the pair of faces having the largest area among the six faces of the rectangular parallelepiped is open. The fuel cell 22 is housed in the box body 21a through the opening 21b, and the opening 21b is closed by the lid 21c to form the fuel cell module 2. In the fuel cell 22, air supplied from the outside is used as an oxygen-containing gas, and a power generation reaction is performed with the fuel gas generated by the reformer 25. The gas after the reaction is burned by a combustion catalyst or the like and then exhausted from the fuel cell module 2 as high-temperature exhaust gas. This high-temperature exhaust gas is exhausted from the lid 21c side and then supplied to the heat exchanger 4.
 図5は、図1A~1C,2A~2C,3に示す燃料電池装置の構成の一例を示す構成図である。実施形態の燃料電池装置100は、上述の燃料電池モジュール2、熱交換器4、熱媒ラインHC1、放熱器3および制御装置30を備える。 FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an example of the configuration of the fuel cell device shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, 2A to 2C, and 3. The fuel cell device 100 of the embodiment includes the above-mentioned fuel cell module 2, heat exchanger 4, heat medium line HC1, radiator 3, and control device 30.
 発電に用いられる燃料ガスは、燃料ガス供給装置14を介して、燃料ガスを改質するための改質水と一緒に、改質器25に導入される。発電に用いられる空気は、空気供給装置15を介して、燃料電池モジュール2に導入される。 The fuel gas used for power generation is introduced into the reformer 25 together with the reformed water for reforming the fuel gas via the fuel gas supply device 14. The air used for power generation is introduced into the fuel cell module 2 via the air supply device 15.
 熱媒ラインHC1は、熱交換器4、例えば水である熱媒を蓄える蓄熱タンク5、放熱器3、蓄熱タンク5から熱媒を循環させる熱媒ポンプP1およびこれらを繋ぐ配管などを含んでいる。例えば図5に示すように、熱媒ラインHC1における熱媒の循環方向において、熱交換器4、蓄熱タンク5および放熱器3は、この順に設けられている。 The heat medium line HC1 includes a heat exchanger 4, for example, a heat storage tank 5 for storing a heat medium which is water, a radiator 3, a heat medium pump P1 for circulating the heat medium from the heat storage tank 5, and a pipe connecting them. .. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchanger 4, the heat storage tank 5, and the radiator 3 are provided in this order in the circulation direction of the heat medium in the heat medium line HC1.
 熱交換器4では、燃料電池モジュール2の排ガスと熱媒とが熱交換し、排ガスに含まれる水分が結露して凝縮水が生じる。生じた凝縮水は、凝縮水流路Cを経由して回収され、改質水タンク6に貯水される。水分が取り除かれた排ガスは、排ガス流路Eを介して、外部に排気される。改質水タンク6に貯水された凝縮水は、改質水流路Rおよび改質水ポンプP2を介して、改質器25に供給され、燃料ガスの水蒸気改質に利用される。蓄熱タンク5には、燃料電池モジュール2の排ガスと熱交換した熱媒が貯留される。 In the heat exchanger 4, the exhaust gas of the fuel cell module 2 and the heat medium exchange heat, and the moisture contained in the exhaust gas condenses to generate condensed water. The generated condensed water is collected via the condensed water flow path C and stored in the reforming water tank 6. The exhaust gas from which the water has been removed is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust gas flow path E. The condensed water stored in the reforming water tank 6 is supplied to the reformer 25 via the reforming water flow path R and the reforming water pump P2, and is used for steam reforming of the fuel gas. The heat storage tank 5 stores a heat medium that has exchanged heat with the exhaust gas of the fuel cell module 2.
 放熱器3は、ファン51を有する。放熱器3は、ファン51によって生じた送風によって熱媒を冷却するための冷却ユニットである。 The radiator 3 has a fan 51. The radiator 3 is a cooling unit for cooling the heat medium by the air blown by the fan 51.
 燃料電池装置100は、発電および出湯などを行う場合に必要となる各種の構成をさらに備えていてもよい。上記に示した各構成は、一例であって、後述する各種制御に必要な構成以外は、任意の構成である。 The fuel cell device 100 may further include various configurations required for power generation, hot water discharge, and the like. Each configuration shown above is an example, and is an arbitrary configuration except for the configurations required for various controls described later.
 燃料電池装置100は、燃料電池モジュール2などの他、その発電運転を補助する補機として、パワーコンディショナ20、制御装置30などを備える。パワーコンディショナ20は、燃料電池モジュール2で発生した電力を、商用電源系統(以下、単に、系統とも言う)と連系して外部負荷に供給する。 The fuel cell device 100 includes a fuel cell module 2 and the like, as well as a power conditioner 20 and a control device 30 as auxiliary devices for assisting the power generation operation thereof. The power conditioner 20 supplies the electric power generated by the fuel cell module 2 to an external load in connection with a commercial power supply system (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a system).
そして、燃料電池装置100は、以下に詳細に述べるように、種々の機能を実行するための制御および処理能力を提供するために、少なくとも1つのプロセッサおよび記憶装置などを含む制御装置30を備える。 Then, the fuel cell device 100 includes a control device 30 including at least one processor, a storage device, and the like in order to provide control and processing power for performing various functions, as described in detail below.
 制御装置30は、記憶装置および表示装置(ともに図示省略)と、燃料電池装置100を構成する各種構成部品および各種センサ(図示省略)と接続され、これらの各機能部をはじめとして、燃料電池装置100の全体を制御および管理する。制御装置30は、それに付属する記憶装置に記憶されているプログラムを取得して、このプログラムを実行することにより、燃料電池装置100の各部にかかる、種々の機能を実現する。 The control device 30 is connected to a storage device and a display device (both not shown), various components and various sensors (not shown) constituting the fuel cell device 100, and includes each of these functional units and the fuel cell device. Control and manage the entire 100. The control device 30 acquires a program stored in a storage device attached to the control device 30, and executes this program to realize various functions related to each part of the fuel cell device 100.
 また、本実施形態では、燃料電池装置100の外装ケース1内に配置された状態での燃料電池モジュール2の重心Gmの位置(高さhgm)が、貯水状態における燃料電池装置100の重心Gf(または重心Gf’)や空状態における燃料電池装置100の重心Ge(または重心Ge’)よりも低い位置にある(hgf>hgm、hge>hgm)。燃料電池モジュール2は、燃料電池装置100の構成のなかでも比較的質量が大きいので、燃料電池モジュール2の重心Gmを、貯水状態における燃料電池装置100の重心Gfや空状態における燃料電池装置100の重心Geよりも低くすることで、燃料電池装置100をさらに安定な状態で設置することができる。 Further, in the present embodiment, the position (height hgm) of the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 in the state of being arranged in the outer case 1 of the fuel cell device 100 is the center of gravity Gf (height hgm) of the fuel cell device 100 in the water storage state. Alternatively, the position is lower than the center of gravity Gf') or the center of gravity Ge (or the center of gravity Ge') of the fuel cell device 100 in the empty state (hgf> hgm, hge> hgm). Since the fuel cell module 2 has a relatively large mass in the configuration of the fuel cell device 100, the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 is set to the center of gravity Gf of the fuel cell device 100 in the water storage state or the fuel cell device 100 in the empty state. By lowering the center of gravity Ge, the fuel cell device 100 can be installed in a more stable state.
 燃料電池モジュール2の重心Gmは、次のようにして特定することができる。まず、燃料電池モジュール2単独での重心を、燃料電池装置100の重心Gの測定方法と同じ方法で測定する。測定した重心の位置に基づいて、外装ケース1内に配置された状態での燃料電池モジュール2の重心Gmを特定する。例えば、測定によって燃料電池モジュール2単独での重心が収納容器21の底面からAcmの高さであることが得られた場合、燃料電池装置100の外装ケース1内で、収納容器21の底面の高さ位置が外装ケース1の底面1eからの高さでBcmであれば、外装ケース1内における燃料電池モジュール2の重心Gmの高さhgmは、(A+B)cmと特定できる。 The center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 can be specified as follows. First, the center of gravity of the fuel cell module 2 alone is measured by the same method as the method of measuring the center of gravity G of the fuel cell device 100. Based on the measured position of the center of gravity, the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 in the state of being arranged in the outer case 1 is specified. For example, when the measurement shows that the center of gravity of the fuel cell module 2 alone is at a height of A cm from the bottom surface of the storage container 21, the height of the bottom surface of the storage container 21 in the outer case 1 of the fuel cell device 100. If the position is B cm in height from the bottom surface 1e of the outer case 1, the height hgm of the center of gravity Gm of the fuel cell module 2 in the outer case 1 can be specified as (A + B) cm.
 放熱器3は、上記のように、外装ケース1内において、その底面1e側に配設されており、本実施形態では、外装ケース1の内の内底面上に載置されている。放熱器3は、燃料電池モジュール2と同様に比較的質量が大きいので、底面1e側に配設することで、燃料電池装置100をさらに安定な状態で設置することができる。また、放熱器3が低い位置にあることで、外気を取り込む取り込み口も低い位置に設けられ、比較的低い温度の外気を取り込むことができるので、冷却効率を向上させることができる。また、燃料電池装置100は、屋外に設置され、設置場所によっては、直射日光が照射されることもある。そのような場合でも、放熱器3が低い位置にあることで、直射日光の照射による温度上昇が防がれるので、放熱器3の冷却効率を向上させることができる。 As described above, the radiator 3 is arranged on the bottom surface 1e side of the exterior case 1, and is mounted on the inner bottom surface of the exterior case 1 in the present embodiment. Since the radiator 3 has a relatively large mass like the fuel cell module 2, the fuel cell device 100 can be installed in a more stable state by arranging the radiator 3 on the bottom surface 1e side. Further, since the radiator 3 is located at a low position, the intake port for taking in the outside air is also provided at a low position, and the outside air having a relatively low temperature can be taken in, so that the cooling efficiency can be improved. Further, the fuel cell device 100 is installed outdoors and may be irradiated with direct sunlight depending on the installation location. Even in such a case, since the radiator 3 is in a low position, the temperature rise due to the irradiation of direct sunlight can be prevented, so that the cooling efficiency of the radiator 3 can be improved.
 蓄熱タンク5は、本実施形態では、外装ケース1内において、左側面1c寄りに配設されている。なお正面図において、長方形とされているが、例えば下部分が外装ケース1の内底面に沿って延びる形状、すなわち正面1aや背面1b側に延びるL字状であってもよい。蓄熱タンク5は、外装ケース1の左側面1cに隣接し、左側面1cに沿うように配設される。蓄熱タンク5がL字状であれば、蓄熱タンク5に熱媒体を入れることで、燃料電池装置100の重心をさらに低い位置とすることができる。 In the present embodiment, the heat storage tank 5 is arranged in the outer case 1 closer to the left side surface 1c. Although it is rectangular in the front view, for example, the lower portion may have a shape extending along the inner bottom surface of the exterior case 1, that is, an L shape extending toward the front surface 1a or the back surface 1b. The heat storage tank 5 is arranged adjacent to the left side surface 1c of the outer case 1 and along the left side surface 1c. If the heat storage tank 5 has an L shape, the center of gravity of the fuel cell device 100 can be further lowered by inserting a heat medium into the heat storage tank 5.
 蓄熱タンク5の形状は、上記のように外装ケース1の内底面に沿って延びる形状であれば、L字状でなくてもよい。例えば、下部分のみからなる角筒や円筒などの筒状であっても、その高さより底面1eの短手方向に延びる長さが長ければ、上述の効果を得ることができる。さらには、円錐台状または四角錐台状などの錐台状であってもよい。また、底面積の方が上面積よりも大きい形状とすることもできる。底面積の方が上面積よりも大きいことで、蓄熱タンク5の設置安定性が向上する。ここで、蓄熱タンク5の上面積は、蓄熱タンク5を平面視したときの上端面の面積である。蓄熱タンク5の底面積は、蓄熱タンク5を平面視したときの下端面の面積である。 The shape of the heat storage tank 5 does not have to be L-shaped as long as it extends along the inner bottom surface of the outer case 1 as described above. For example, even if it is a tubular shape such as a square cylinder or a cylinder composed of only the lower portion, the above-mentioned effect can be obtained if the length extending from the height of the bottom surface 1e in the lateral direction is longer. Further, it may have a truncated cone shape such as a truncated cone shape or a square truncated cone shape. Further, the shape may be such that the bottom area is larger than the top area. Since the bottom area is larger than the top area, the installation stability of the heat storage tank 5 is improved. Here, the upper area of the heat storage tank 5 is the area of the upper end surface when the heat storage tank 5 is viewed in a plan view. The bottom area of the heat storage tank 5 is the area of the lower end surface when the heat storage tank 5 is viewed in a plan view.
 本実施形態では、蓄熱タンク5の下部分が、外装ケース1の内底面上に直接載置されているが、下部分と内底面との間に空隙があってもよく、下部分と内底面との間に他の部材、例えば断熱材などが存在していてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the lower portion of the heat storage tank 5 is placed directly on the inner bottom surface of the outer case 1, but there may be a gap between the lower portion and the inner bottom surface, and the lower portion and the inner bottom surface may be present. Another member, for example, a heat insulating material, may be present between the and.
 本実施形態では、原燃料供給ラインの一部が、燃料電池モジュール2の上方に配設されている。上記のような原燃料供給ラインに含まれる構成は、比較的質量が小さいので、燃料電池モジュール2の上方、すなわち外装ケース1内の上部に配置することにより、メンテナンスが容易となる。 In this embodiment, a part of the raw material fuel supply line is arranged above the fuel cell module 2. Since the configuration included in the raw material and fuel supply line as described above has a relatively small mass, maintenance can be facilitated by arranging the configuration above the fuel cell module 2, that is, above the outer case 1.
 さらに、原燃料供給ラインの各補機を燃料電池モジュール2の上方に配設することで、原燃料供給ラインよりガス漏れが生じた場合であっても、燃料電池モジュール2の上方にガス検知装置を配置することで、効率よくガス漏れを検知することができる。 Further, by arranging each auxiliary machine of the raw material fuel supply line above the fuel cell module 2, a gas detection device is provided above the fuel cell module 2 even if a gas leak occurs from the raw material fuel supply line. By arranging, gas leakage can be detected efficiently.
 本実施形態では、外装ケース1内に、燃料電池装置100の外部の空気(外気)を取り込んで、酸素含有ガスとして、燃料電池モジュール2に供給する外気供給ラインが配設されている。外気供給ラインは、その一部が、燃料電池モジュール2の上方に配設されている。上記のような外気供給ラインに含まれる構成は、比較的質量が小さいので、燃料電池モジュール2の上方、すなわち外装ケース1内の上部に配置することにより、メンテナンスが容易となる。さらに、外気供給ラインの一部を燃料電池モジュール2の上方に配置したことで、燃料電池装置100に取り込まれる外気が、燃料電池モジュール2からの輻射熱を受けやすく、高温の空気を燃料電池モジュール2に供給することができ、発電効率を向上することもできる。 In the present embodiment, an outside air supply line that takes in the outside air (outside air) of the fuel cell device 100 and supplies it as an oxygen-containing gas to the fuel cell module 2 is arranged in the exterior case 1. A part of the outside air supply line is arranged above the fuel cell module 2. Since the configuration included in the outside air supply line as described above has a relatively small mass, maintenance can be facilitated by arranging the configuration above the fuel cell module 2, that is, above the outer case 1. Further, by arranging a part of the outside air supply line above the fuel cell module 2, the outside air taken into the fuel cell device 100 is susceptible to radiant heat from the fuel cell module 2, and high-temperature air is taken into the fuel cell module 2. It can be supplied to the fuel cell, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
 また、本実施形態では、燃料電池装置100が、パワーコンディショナ20をさらに含む。パワーコンディショナ20は、燃料電池装置100で発生した電力を、系統電源と連系して外部負荷に対して供給するためのものであり、例えば、CPU(中央演算処理装置)、半導体メモリおよびその他の電子部品などが実装された配線基板などが、直方体形状の保護ケースに収容されている。パワーコンディショナ20は、外装ケース1内において、蓄熱タンク5の下部分の上方に、上部分と隣接して配設されている。 Further, in the present embodiment, the fuel cell device 100 further includes the power conditioner 20. The power conditioner 20 is for supplying electric power generated by the fuel cell device 100 to an external load in connection with a system power supply, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a semiconductor memory, and the like. A wiring board or the like on which the electronic components of the above are mounted is housed in a rectangular protective case. The power conditioner 20 is arranged in the outer case 1 above the lower portion of the heat storage tank 5 and adjacent to the upper portion.
 本開示の燃料電池装置によれば、設置安定性および搬送性の改善された燃料電池装置を提供することができる。 According to the fuel cell device of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a fuel cell device with improved installation stability and transportability.
 以上、本開示について詳細に説明したが、本開示は上述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本開示の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々の変更、改良等が可能である。 Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.
 本発明は、その精神または主要な特徴から逸脱することなく、他のいろいろな形態で実施できる。したがって、前述の実施形態はあらゆる点で単なる例示に過ぎず、本発明の範囲は請求の範囲に示すものであって、明細書本文には何ら拘束されない。さらに、請求の範囲に属する変形や変更は全て本発明の範囲内のものである。 The present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from its spirit or key features. Therefore, the above-described embodiment is merely an example in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is shown in the claims and is not bound by the text of the specification. Furthermore, all modifications and modifications that fall within the scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.
 1   外装ケース
 3   放熱器
 4   熱交換器
 5   蓄熱タンク
 22  燃料電池
 100 燃料電池装置
1 Exterior case 3 Heat sink 4 Heat exchanger 5 Heat storage tank 22 Fuel cell 100 Fuel cell device

Claims (4)

  1.  燃料電池と、
     前記燃料電池を作動させるための補機と、
     前記燃料電池の作動に利用される媒体を貯水するタンクと、
     前記燃料電池、前記補機および前記タンクを収納する直方体形状の外装ケースと、を備える燃料電池装置であって、
     前記燃料電池装置の重心が、前記タンクの状態に応じて異なっている燃料電池装置。
    With a fuel cell
    Auxiliary equipment for operating the fuel cell and
    A tank for storing water used for operating the fuel cell, and a tank for storing water.
    A fuel cell device including a rectangular parallelepiped outer case for accommodating the fuel cell, the auxiliary machine, and the tank.
    A fuel cell device in which the center of gravity of the fuel cell device differs depending on the state of the tank.
  2.  前記タンクに媒体が貯水されていない空状態における重心が、前記タンクに媒体が貯水された貯水状態における重心よりも、高い位置にある、請求項1記載の燃料電池装置。 The fuel cell device according to claim 1, wherein the center of gravity in an empty state in which the medium is not stored in the tank is higher than the center of gravity in the water stored state in which the medium is stored in the tank.
  3.  前記空状態における重心が、前記外装ケースの高さの半分よりも高い位置にある、請求項2に記載の燃料電池装置。 The fuel cell device according to claim 2, wherein the center of gravity in the empty state is at a position higher than half the height of the outer case.
  4.  前記貯水状態における重心が、前記外装ケースの高さの半分よりも低い位置にある、請求項2または3に記載の燃料電池装置。 The fuel cell device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the center of gravity in the water storage state is located at a position lower than half the height of the outer case.
PCT/JP2020/038338 2019-10-29 2020-10-09 Fuel cell device WO2021085089A1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013254608A (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-19 Panasonic Corp Fuel cell system
JP2015115305A (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-22 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Fuel cell system
JP2016162636A (en) * 2015-03-03 2016-09-05 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Fuel battery system
WO2018025881A1 (en) * 2016-08-02 2018-02-08 ダイニチ工業株式会社 Fuel battery device
WO2019004031A1 (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 ダイニチ工業株式会社 Fuel cell device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013254608A (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-19 Panasonic Corp Fuel cell system
JP2015115305A (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-22 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Fuel cell system
JP2016162636A (en) * 2015-03-03 2016-09-05 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Fuel battery system
WO2018025881A1 (en) * 2016-08-02 2018-02-08 ダイニチ工業株式会社 Fuel battery device
WO2019004031A1 (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 ダイニチ工業株式会社 Fuel cell device

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