WO2021083991A1 - Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement d'une batterie de véhicule à moteur - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement d'une batterie de véhicule à moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021083991A1
WO2021083991A1 PCT/EP2020/080363 EP2020080363W WO2021083991A1 WO 2021083991 A1 WO2021083991 A1 WO 2021083991A1 EP 2020080363 W EP2020080363 W EP 2020080363W WO 2021083991 A1 WO2021083991 A1 WO 2021083991A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coolant circuit
motor vehicle
coolant
temperature
vehicle battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/080363
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lothar Seybold
Ioannis Lazaridis
Gregor Gattnar
Original Assignee
Psa Automobiles Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Psa Automobiles Sa filed Critical Psa Automobiles Sa
Publication of WO2021083991A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021083991A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B60H1/32281—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising a single secondary circuit, e.g. at evaporator or condenser side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/323—Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3236—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained
    • B60H2001/3266—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to the operation of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3269—Cooling devices output of a control signal
    • B60H2001/327—Cooling devices output of a control signal related to a compressing unit
    • B60H2001/3272—Cooling devices output of a control signal related to a compressing unit to control the revolving speed of a compressor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2050/00—Applications
    • F01P2050/24—Hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/14—Condenser
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a method and a device for cooling a motor vehicle battery, for example the battery of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
  • the aim of the present further development is to provide an improved method for cooling a motor vehicle battery and a corresponding device for cooling a motor vehicle battery.
  • the method and the device should be as simple and inexpensive to implement as possible.
  • the device and the method should, if possible, make use of components already present in the motor vehicle, so that no additional hardware components are required.
  • the method and the device for cooling the motor vehicle battery should also go hand in hand with a possible minimization of the weight of the motor vehicle and enable the motor vehicle battery to be cooled as efficiently and energy-efficiently as possible.
  • a method for cooling a motor vehicle battery by means of a motor vehicle air conditioning system has a first coolant circuit.
  • the first coolant circuit comprises a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator, possibly also an expansion element, for example in the form of an expansion valve. These are typically thermally coupled to one another via a coolant line and a coolant circulating therein.
  • the first coolant circuit is also by means of a Heat exchanger thermally coupled to a second coolant circuit.
  • the second coolant circuit is thermally coupled to the motor vehicle battery.
  • the second coolant circuit can belong to a separate battery cooling system, which is thermally coupled to the first coolant circuit.
  • the second coolant circuit can, however, also be designed as a component or part of the motor vehicle air conditioning system or integrated into the motor vehicle air conditioning system.
  • the method is characterized by the steps of ascertaining or measuring at least one operating parameter of the second coolant circuit and by setting or regulating the operation of the compressor of the first coolant circuit accordingly, namely as a function of the measured or ascertained operating parameter of the second coolant circuit.
  • the determined or specifically measured operating parameter of the second coolant circuit is typically a thermal operating parameter of the second coolant circuit, which characterizes a thermal operating state of the second coolant circuit.
  • the at least one operating parameter of the second coolant circuit directly characterizes the operating state or the thermal state of the second coolant circuit and / or the motor vehicle battery.
  • the at least one operating parameter of the second coolant circuit can be used as a control or manipulated variable for the operation of the first coolant circuit, in particular for the operation of the compressor of the first coolant circuit.
  • the cooling output of the compressor, and consequently the cooling output of the motor vehicle air conditioning system, or of the first coolant circuit can be adjusted as required and dynamically, i. H. continuously changed and / or adapted as a function of any operational changes in the operating parameters of the second coolant circuit.
  • a comparatively low cooling capacity can be set for the first coolant circuit, since the interior of the motor vehicle does not have to be actively cooled, but rather has to be heated.
  • a comparatively low or completely prevented coolant flow in the first coolant circuit also results in a comparatively low heat dissipation to the environment.
  • heat can develop in the area of the motor vehicle battery and / or the second coolant circuit.
  • That heat development can be recorded quantitatively as well as qualitatively as an operating parameter of the second coolant circuit.
  • a determination or measurement of the relevant operating parameter can then be used directly or indirectly to control and / or regulate the compressor of the motor vehicle air conditioning system.
  • the cooling performance of the air conditioning system can be increased by a corresponding activation of the compressor in order to be able to provide sufficient power loss, in particular for the second coolant circuit.
  • an existing motor vehicle air conditioning system can be expanded to include the function of activating the compressor as a function of one or more operating parameters of the second coolant circuit.
  • the at least one operating parameter of the second coolant circuit is a direct indicator of the operating state, in particular the thermal operating state of the motor vehicle battery to be cooled.
  • the operating parameter of the second coolant circuit is a temperature of the motor vehicle battery and / or a temperature of individual battery cells Motor vehicle battery is measured.
  • the temperature in the area of the motor vehicle battery can be measured by means of a temperature sensor for the entire motor vehicle battery.
  • a spatial distribution of the temperature level over the area or the volume of the battery can also be determined and ascertained by means of one or more sensors on individual battery cells of the motor vehicle battery.
  • both temperature information items or each temperature information item viewed individually can typically be used via an electronic control to control the compressor of the first coolant circuit.
  • a thermal power loss of the first coolant circuit originating from the compressor can be increased as required, at least until the temperature in the area of the motor vehicle battery no longer rises takes place. If, on the other hand, the temperature in the area of the motor vehicle battery or on individual cells should drop or fall, the thermal power loss of the first coolant circuit can be throttled or reduced accordingly by appropriate control of the compressor of the first coolant circuit, so that as much as possible in the area of the motor vehicle battery or the battery cells constant constant temperature level is maintained.
  • a temperature of a coolant circulating in the second coolant circuit is measured as the operating parameter of the second coolant circuit.
  • the coolant circulating in the second coolant circuit is typically a liquid coolant. It can, for example, have cooling water provided with an anti-freeze additive.
  • the sensor for measuring the temperature of the coolant in the second coolant circuit can either be integrated directly into the coolant circuit. However, it can also be sufficient to arrange a corresponding sensor on an outer wall of a coolant line of the second coolant circuit and to provide it only for sufficient or well-defined thermal coupling between the interior of the coolant line and the thermal sensor arranged on the outside of the coolant line.
  • the temperature of the coolant circulating in the second coolant circuit is measured upstream and / or downstream of the motor vehicle battery.
  • a downstream measurement of the temperature provides information about the amount of heat given off by the battery to the coolant.
  • An arrangement of a temperature sensor upstream of the motor vehicle battery provides information about the temperature at which the coolant of the second coolant circuit comes into thermal contact with the battery to be cooled.
  • both temperatures of the coolant namely upstream and downstream of the motor vehicle battery to be cooled, are measured or determined. In this way, at least one statement or estimate can be made about the thermal power loss in the area of the motor vehicle battery.
  • the temperature of a heat exchanger thermally coupled to the motor vehicle battery and through which the coolant of the second coolant circuit flows is measured as the operating parameter of the second coolant circuit.
  • Corresponding temperature sensors or temperature sensors can be arranged directly on that heat exchanger by means of which the first and second coolant circuits are thermally coupled to one another. This again enables a particularly flexible and variably adaptable implementation of a sensor for determining an operating parameter of the second coolant circuit. Due to the arrangement or coupling with the heat exchanger, the relevant sensor can also be arranged remotely from the motor vehicle battery.
  • an operating state of a coolant pump of the second coolant circuit is determined or measured as the operating parameter of the second coolant circuit.
  • the coolant pump of the second coolant circuit is designed to circulate the coolant in the second coolant circuit. It can be designed as a circulation pump for a liquid coolant.
  • the operating state of the coolant pump in particular its delivery volume or its speed, is a direct measure of the heat flow that flows through the second coolant circuit.
  • the heat flow through the second coolant circuit can be determined in this way.
  • a thermal power loss of that heat exchanger can be determined, ascertained or at least estimated which thermally couples the first and the second coolant circuit to one another.
  • the compressor of the first coolant circuit hence the compressor of the motor vehicle air conditioning system, is operated, set or regulated as a function of a measured or determined operating parameter of the first coolant circuit.
  • the compressor is not only controlled on the basis of at least one operating parameter of the second coolant circuit but also on the basis of at least one further or more operating parameters of the first coolant circuit. This enables demand-based regulation and control of the motor vehicle air conditioning system.
  • a temperature and / or a pressure of the coolant circulating in the first coolant circuit is measured as the operating parameter of the first coolant circuit.
  • a Temperature measured or determined at the evaporator as an operating parameter.
  • a pressure of the coolant in the first coolant circuit is typically measured downstream of the compressor or upstream of the evaporator of the first coolant circuit.
  • a pressure measurement typically takes place downstream of the compressor and upstream of the condenser, that is to say in a line section of the first refrigerant circuit between the compressor and the condenser.
  • an output of the compressor or a cooling output of the air conditioning system can be adjusted as required depending on the temperature at the evaporator and / or depending on the pressure of the coolant circulating in the first coolant circuit.
  • the output of the compressor is increased when the temperature of the motor vehicle battery, individual battery cells thereof and / or the temperature of the coolant in the second coolant circuit rises, typically above a predetermined upper threshold value. Provision can also be made to throttle or reduce the output of the compressor when the temperature of the motor vehicle battery, individual battery cells thereof and / or the temperature of the coolant in the second coolant circuit falls or falls, typically falls or falls below a predetermined lower threshold value.
  • the temperature level in the area of the motor vehicle battery can be kept constant in this way.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a device for cooling a motor vehicle battery.
  • the device comprises a motor vehicle air conditioning system.
  • the motor vehicle air conditioning system typically has a first coolant circuit, a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator.
  • the compressor, the condenser and the evaporator are thermally coupled to one another via the coolant circuit and consequently via a coolant circulating in the coolant circuit.
  • the device further comprises a second coolant circuit which is in thermal contact with the motor vehicle battery and which is connected to the motor vehicle battery by means of a heat exchanger first coolant circuit is thermally coupled.
  • the device further comprises an electronic controller which is coupled to at least one sensor for determining an operating parameter of the second coolant circuit and which electronic controller is also configured to control or regulate the compressor of the first coolant circuit as a function of a signal transmitted by the at least one sensor .
  • the device described here is used in particular for the technical implementation of the method described above for cooling a motor vehicle battery. In this respect, all of the features, advantages and possible applications explained in relation to the method described above also apply equally to the device for cooling the motor vehicle battery; and vice versa.
  • the at least one sensor can also belong to the device for cooling the motor vehicle battery.
  • the electronic control can be coupled with one but also with several sensors for signal transmission or data technology.
  • Sensors for characterizing or determining an operating parameter, in particular a thermal operating parameter of the second coolant circuit, can be present in the motor vehicle anyway in order to determine or determine thermal operating states of the motor vehicle battery for other functions of the motor vehicle.
  • the at least one sensor has a temperature sensor which is located in or on the motor vehicle battery is arranged and designed to measure a temperature of the motor vehicle battery or individual battery cells thereof.
  • the temperature sensor is typically data-technically coupled to the electronic controller in order to supply the controller with sensor signals, on the basis of which the electronic controller can draw conclusions about the temperature of the battery and / or individual battery cells.
  • the controller is designed to determine the temperature of the battery or individual battery cells as a function of the signals transmitted by the sensor and to regulate or control an operating state, in particular an output of the compressor of the first coolant circuit, as a function of this.
  • the at least one sensor has a temperature sensor which is designed to measure a temperature of the coolant circulating in the second coolant circuit and for this purpose is arranged in or on the second coolant circuit.
  • This temperature sensor can be provided in addition to and / or as an alternative to the temperature sensor already mentioned.
  • the circulating coolant of the second coolant circuit can flow around the temperature sensor directly.
  • the temperature sensor is arranged on the outside of a line or on a line section of the second coolant circuit and in this way is thermally coupled to the second coolant circuit, in particular to the coolant circulating in the relevant circuit.
  • the at least one sensor is arranged on or in the coolant pump of the second coolant circuit or it is integrated into it in order to measure or determine an operating state of the coolant pump and / or a coolant flow of the coolant circulating through the second coolant circuit .
  • This sensor can be designed, for example, as a flow sensor. However, it can also be integrated into the control electronics of the coolant pump or be formed by the latter. It is conceivable that the operating state of the coolant pump is already present in the motor vehicle, for example in a central control unit of the motor vehicle, and is accordingly known there. Furthermore, an electrical power consumption of the coolant pump measured or otherwise determined. This also allows conclusions to be drawn about the operating state of the coolant pump, in particular about the delivery volume emanating from the coolant pump.
  • the heat exchanger which thermally couples the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit, is designed as a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, in particular as a so-called chiller.
  • a heat exchanger enables an efficient exchange of thermal energy between the first and the second coolant circuit with a comparatively small installation space volume.
  • the present development finally relates to a motor vehicle with a motor vehicle battery and with a previously described device for cooling the motor vehicle battery.
  • the motor vehicle can be designed as a purely electrically operated motor vehicle, but also as a hybrid motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a motor vehicle
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a device for cooling a motor vehicle battery
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of the method for cooling a motor vehicle battery by means of a motor vehicle air conditioning system.
  • the motor vehicle 1 shown schematically in FIG. 1 has a Motor vehicle body 2 with an interior 3 functioning as a passenger compartment.
  • the motor vehicle 1 has a motor vehicle air conditioning system 10, which is indicated schematically in FIG. 1.
  • the motor vehicle 1 has a motor vehicle battery 40, which can be arranged, for example, in the floor area of the motor vehicle body 2.
  • the vehicle 1 also has a drive 4, which can be designed as an internal combustion engine and / or as an electric motor. Some of the electrical energy stored in the motor vehicle battery 40 can be used for propulsion purposes.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a device 50 for cooling a motor vehicle battery 40, which comprises the motor vehicle air conditioning system 10 and at least one second cooling circuit 51 for a motor vehicle battery 40.
  • the motor vehicle air conditioning system 10 has a first coolant circuit 11. This has a closed line 12 which thermally couples a compressor 14 with a condenser 16 and with an evaporator 18 in the manner known per se by circulating a coolant not shown separately.
  • the first coolant circuit 11 has a first line branch 36 in which the evaporator 18 is arranged.
  • the first line branch 36 is connected to an outlet of the condenser 16 via a valve 20.
  • the valve for 20, and consequently that section of the conduit 36 in which the valve 20 is provided, is located on an inlet side of the evaporator 18.
  • the evaporator 18 is fluidically coupled to an inlet of the compressor 40.
  • An expansion valve 24 is also arranged between the valve 20 and the evaporator 18, by means of which the first coolant circuit 11 is divided into a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side.
  • the high pressure side is located at the outlet of the compressor 14 up to the inlet of the expansion valve 24.
  • the low pressure side is located downstream of the expansion valve 24 up to the inlet of the compressor 14.
  • the second line branch 38 On the inlet side, the second line branch 38 also has a valve 22 which is in flow connection with the outlet or outlet of the condenser 16.
  • the second line section 38 has a heat exchanger 30. Upstream of the heat exchanger 30, ie downstream of the valve 22 but upstream of the heat exchanger 30, a further expansion valve 26 is arranged.
  • the heat exchanger 30 is typically designed as a liquid-liquid heat exchanger 31 or as a gas-liquid heat exchanger.
  • the coolant circulating in the first coolant circuit is compressed by the compressor 14.
  • a thermal exchange with the environment takes place in the area of the capacitor 16.
  • the refrigerant or coolant which is heated as a result of the compression and which circulates through the first coolant circuit 11, emits thermal energy to the environment via the condenser 16.
  • a pressure reduction takes place downstream of the expansion valve 24 via the expansion valve 24, as a result of which the coolant cools so that thermal energy can be absorbed from the interior 3 of the motor vehicle 1 via the evaporator 18 through which the coolant flows. This leads to effective cooling of the interior 3 of the motor vehicle 1.
  • the device 50 for cooling the motor vehicle battery further comprises a second coolant circuit 51 which is thermally coupled on the one hand to the heat exchanger 30 and on the other hand to a battery 40 to be cooled.
  • the second coolant circuit 51 has at least one coolant pump 54, by means of which coolant which is typically in liquid form in the second coolant circuit 51 is circulated between the heat exchanger 30 and the motor vehicle battery 40 and can circulate accordingly.
  • a battery heat exchanger 56 is provided in the area of the motor vehicle battery 40. This can be designed in the form of a cooling plate 58 through which the coolant of the second coolant circuit 51 flows and can be in thermal contact with at least one outside of the motor vehicle battery 40 or directly with individual battery cells 42 of the motor vehicle battery.
  • the coolant pump 54 and the compressor 14 are by means of a Control module 84 or by means of several control modules of an electronic control 80 can be regulated and activated or deactivated as required. Furthermore, the valves 20, 22 and the expansion valves 24, 26 can also be controlled by the control module 84 as required and actively controlled or regulated by the control module 84 to bring about a largely constant cooling capacity in the area of the motor vehicle battery 40.
  • At least two sensors 32, 34 are provided, which are coupled to a measuring module 82 of the electronic control 80 in a signal-transmitting manner.
  • the measurement module 82 is data-technically coupled to the control module 84.
  • all sensor signals are collected or recorded, which are processed or forwarded unprocessed to the control module 84 in order to be used for regulating or controlling the valves 20, 22, 24, 26 and / or the compressor 14 or the coolant pump 54.
  • the sensor 32 which is thermally coupled to the evaporator 18, is used to detect or measure a temperature prevailing at the evaporator 18.
  • the sensor 34 is designed as a pressure sensor. It measures the coolant pressure prevailing there in the line 12 downstream of the compressor 14 and thus on the high pressure side of the first coolant circuit 11.
  • the electronic control 80 is furthermore coupled for data purposes with at least one further sensor 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70.
  • At least one operating parameter typically a thermal operating parameter of the second coolant circuit 51 can also be ascertained or determined independently of the operating state of the first coolant circuit 11 by means of this further sensor or by means of a plurality of further sensors 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70.
  • the sensor 60 is located in or on the motor vehicle battery 40. It can be designed as a temperature sensor. In this respect, the current temperature actually prevailing at the battery 40 can be measured by means of the sensor 60 and made available to the electronic control 80 for activating and / or regulating the compressor 14 and / or the coolant pump 54. Equally or alternatively, a further sensor 62 can be arranged on one or more battery cells 42 and accordingly be in thermal contact with them. The temperature of one or more battery cells 42 can be determined by means of the sensor 62, which can also be configured as a temperature sensor.
  • further temperature information relating to individual or several battery cells 62 can be made available to the electronic control 80 by means of the further temperature sensor 62.
  • a further temperature sensor 64 can be arranged on the battery heat exchanger 56 which is in thermal contact with the battery 40.
  • the sensor 64 can be used, for example, to measure the temperature of the heat exchanger 56 or the cooling plate 58, which is in thermal contact with the battery 40 or the battery housing on the one hand and with the second coolant circuit 51 on the other.
  • the temperature sensor 66 which is arranged in or on a line 52 of the second coolant circuit 51, can determine or measure the temperature of the coolant flowing through the second coolant circuit 51.
  • a further temperature sensor 68 can likewise be integrated into the line 52 of the coolant circuit 51 or arranged on it.
  • the temperature sensor 66 is typically arranged upstream of the heat exchanger 56.
  • the further temperature sensor 68 is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger 56, which is in thermal contact with the battery 40.
  • a sensor 70 can be arranged directly on the coolant pump 54.
  • the sensor 70 can be configured to have an operating state of the coolant pump 54 and / or to measure or determine a coolant flow of the coolant circulating through the second coolant circuit 51.
  • the measuring module 82 of the electronic control 80 can be recorded independently but also in combination with one another by the measuring module 82 of the electronic control 80 and used by the control module 84 for the needs-based activation and regulation of the compressor 14 and / or the coolant pump 54.
  • the presently illustrated division of the controller 80 into a measurement module 82 and a control module 84 is merely an example.
  • both the measurement module 82 and the control module 84 can be integrated in a common electronic circuit, in particular in an integrated electronic circuit.
  • the controller 80 can be integrated into a central electronic controller of the motor vehicle 1. But it can also be designed as a separate control unit.
  • the flowchart according to FIG. 3 provides, initially in a first step 100, at least one operating parameter of the second coolant circuit 51, typically a thermally relevant operating parameter of the second coolant circuit 51 by means of at least one sensor 60 coupled in, on or with the second coolant circuit 51, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70 and in a subsequent step 102 to control at least the compressor 14, possibly also the coolant pump 54, as required and to regulate their performance in such a way that the most efficient possible cooling of the battery 40 is achieved , the battery 40 should be kept as possible at a constant temperature level.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de refroidissement d'une batterie de véhicule à moteur (40) au moyen d'un système de climatisation de véhicule à moteur (10), le système de climatisation de véhicule à moteur (10) comportant un premier circuit de refroidissement (11) présentant un compresseur (14), un condenseur (16) et un évaporateur (18), le premier circuit de refroidissement (11) étant couplé thermiquement à un second circuit de refroidissement (51) au moyen d'un échangeur de chaleur (30), et le second circuit de refroidissement (51) étant couplé thermiquement à la batterie de véhicule à moteur (40), caractérisé par les étapes suivantes: - la détermination ou la mesure d'au moins un paramètre de fonctionnement du second circuit de refroidissement (51) et – l'ajustement ou la commande du fonctionnement du compresseur (14) en fonction du paramètre de fonctionnement mesuré ou déterminé du second circuit de refroidissement (51).
PCT/EP2020/080363 2019-10-30 2020-10-29 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement d'une batterie de véhicule à moteur WO2021083991A1 (fr)

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DE102019216698.9A DE102019216698A1 (de) 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer Kraftfahrzeugbatterie
DE102019216698.9 2019-10-30

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CN116259888A (zh) * 2023-05-12 2023-06-13 河南师范大学 一种新能源汽车电池组温度控制方法

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