WO2021083129A1

WO2021083129A1 - Magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger and refrigeration heating system and method

Info

Publication number: WO2021083129A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/123927
Authority: WO
Inventors: 蔺新星; 尹立坤; 汤鹏
Original assignee: 中国长江三峡集团有限公司
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2020-10-27
Publication date: 2021-05-06
Also published as: CN110657603B; CN110657603A

Abstract

A magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger and a refrigeration heating system and method, comprising a rectangular heat exchanger (1). The rectangular heat exchanger (1) comprises a heat exchanger housing (2); a capillary matrix (4) filled with a magnetic working medium is mounted in the heat exchanger housing (2); cover plates (3) are mounted at the two ends of the heat exchanger housing (2) and encapsulates the capillary matrix (4) inside the heat exchanger housing; a first through hole (5) for air inlet and air outlet is formed in each of the cover plates (3) on the two sides or the upper edges of the heat exchanger housing (2) according to different processes in the heat exchanger; a second through hole (6(a)) and a third through hole (6b)) for circulating heat carrying and cooling fluid are formed in the cover plates (3) on the two sides or the lower edges of the heat exchanger housing (2). The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger aims at improving the reliability and universality of the heat exchanger and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger and refrigeration and heating system and method

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of magnetic refrigeration devices, in particular to a magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger, a refrigeration and heating system and a method integrating packaging and enhanced heat transfer.

Background technique

Refrigeration technology accompanies all aspects of human production and life. Traditional gas compression refrigeration technology is currently the most mature and widely used refrigeration technology. In recent years, countries around the world have gradually reached consensus on issues such as controlling greenhouse gas emissions and ozone layer destruction. According to the Montreal Agreement, all signatories need to gradually replace and phase out fluorine-containing working fluids. However, at this stage, it is still difficult to balance the environmental protection, safety issues and cycle efficiency of new working fluids. As a new type of refrigeration technology, magnetic refrigeration is a process of refrigeration by using the obvious characteristics of the magnetocaloric effect of certain materials (heating and releasing heat under the action of an external magnetic field, while cooling and absorbing heat). Under adiabatic conditions, when the magnetic working medium has a high temperature, the heat-carrying fluid is used to store and transport heat, and when the magnetic working medium has a low temperature, the cold-carrying fluid is used to store and transport the cold. The end and the hot end are accumulated, and when the load matches the cooling capacity, a relatively stable refrigeration process is formed.

In order to achieve a continuous and stable magnetic refrigeration process, the excitation magnetic field applied to the magnetic working medium needs to change periodically. According to the characteristics of the excitation magnetic field, the establishment of the magnetic refrigeration cycle also changes, but the magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger (magnetic The working fluid carrier) is the common problem among them. Excitation methods can be divided into superconducting magnet excitation, electric excitation and permanent magnet excitation. These excitation methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. At present, the overall performance of permanent magnet excitation methods is better. Take permanent magnet excitation refrigeration as an example. According to the relative movement of the excitation magnet and the magnetic working medium, it can be divided into two main forms: rotary and reciprocating. Therefore, due to the difference in the relative movement form and shape, the filling and flow channel design of the magnetic working medium Corresponding adjustments need to be made. Simple sheet or particle stacking methods are not universally applicable, and problems such as excessive system resistance are prone to occur.

In the past, magnetic refrigeration technology was mainly used in cryogenic fields such as the preparation of liquid hydrogen. This is because conventional magnetic working fluids generally ensure higher magnetic entropy changes in a lower temperature range (paramagnets have stronger magnetocaloric effects below 20K, and Ferromagnets also need to have a strong magnetic entropy change when they are close to the Curie point, and the Curie point is low). With the discovery of the large magnetocaloric effect of the lanthanide rare earth metal gadolinium near room temperature, and the subsequent discovery of the giant magnetocaloric effect of the gadolinium-silicon-germanium alloy, room temperature magnetic refrigeration technology has a foundation for development. The Gd-Si-Ge alloy disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,743,095 can be used in both low-temperature magnetic refrigeration and room temperature magnetic refrigeration processes. At present, in order to ensure the heat exchange effect, the direct contact between the magnetocaloric material (sheet or powder) and the cold (hot) fluid is generally used. Whether it is prefabricated or installed with a mesh grid, it is inevitable that the magnetic working fluid will be corroded or lost. Therefore, solving the contradiction between enhanced heat exchange and magnetic working medium packaging is a technical problem to be solved by the present invention.

The two patents with authorization number CN1242228C and application number CN201780002992 respectively introduced plate and tube magnetic working medium packaging processes, and related to related heat exchange equipment. The former is to fill the magnetocaloric material powder between the 0.02mm red copper film. If the working fluid itself is not forged and pressed, the working fluid itself will have sufficient strength, and the film itself will not have enough strength as the framework of the particles to support the particles. The latter uses gadolinium or alloy rod as the inner core to wrap a copper tube and roll it into a 2.6mm wire. However, the ductility of gadolinium, especially composite materials, is difficult to match with that of copper. During the rolling process, hollow cores and insufficient strength of the external leakage tubes of the magnetic working fluid core may occur, and the heat exchanger involved in the patent is not described in detail. Layout, runners, exhaust and other issues are not involved.

At this stage, the magnetic cores of magnetic refrigeration heat exchangers are mainly plate type, tube type and particle type. Generally, the overall porosity is in the range of 0.4 to 0.6. No matter which type, micro-channel heat transfer will be formed, especially the particle type. In the filling process, capillary action is most likely to increase the resistance of the heat exchanger. In addition, there will be liquid storage problems in the heat exchange pipes of the heat exchanger, which causes the loss of heat or cold capacity of the magnetic core. With the gradual maturity of magnetic refrigeration technology and the gradual expansion of the system scale, the heat capacity in the magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger will be large. To the extent that it cannot be ignored. Therefore, the reasonable design and operation of the heat exchanger will directly affect the efficiency of the magnetic refrigeration. Summary of the invention

In order to resolve the common contradiction between enhanced heat exchange and magnetic working medium packaging in magnetic refrigeration systems, and for the purpose of improving the reliability, versatility and enhanced heat exchange efficiency of heat exchangers, the present invention provides a new type of magnetic A general-purpose heat exchanger encapsulated by a refrigerating medium.

In order to achieve the above technical features, the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger, which includes a rectangular heat exchanger, the rectangular heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger shell, the heat exchanger shell A capillary matrix filled with a magnetic working fluid is installed inside the body, and cover plates are installed at both ends of the heat exchanger shell and the capillary matrix is encapsulated inside; cover plates on both sides or the upper edge of the upper heat exchanger shell According to different processes in the heat exchanger, a first through hole is processed for air intake and exhaust; a second through hole for circulating heat and cold fluid is processed on both sides of the cover plate or the lower edge of the upper heat exchanger shell And the third through hole.

The heat exchanger shell adopts a rectangular box structure; the heat exchanger shell and the cover plate are made of aluminum alloy materials by cutting and welding.

A boss is welded and fixed at the position where the heat exchanger shell and the cover plate are connected, and a silicone rubber sealing strip for sealing the heat exchanger shell is installed on the boss.

The capillary matrix includes a first rectangular baffle plate and a second rectangular baffle plate. A plurality of capillaries arranged in a rectangular shape are uniformly installed between the first rectangular baffle plate and the second rectangular baffle plate. Square grid groups are staggered up and down at equal intervals and form a circuitous flow channel.

The square grid group includes a first square grid, a second square grid, and a third-shaped grid; the square grid group, a first rectangular baffle, a second square grid, and a third-shaped grid All of them are formed by stamping and integral forming of aluminum alloy plate.

The capillary tube includes a capillary body, two ends of the capillary body are respectively installed with a first cylindrical silica gel cap and a second cylindrical silica gel cap for sealing the capillary body, and a magnetic working fluid is filled in the capillary body.

The magnetic working medium is a mixture of 10 nanometer-sized powder of Gd-Si-Ge alloy or other giant thermal materials and 5% volume fraction of 10 nanometer-sized carbon powder; the first cylindrical silica gel cap is used in the preparation process Seal one end of the capillary body, and fill the capillary with a magnetic working fluid, then fill the capillary body by repeated centrifugal compaction, and finally block the other end of the capillary with a second cylindrical silica gel cap.

The capillary body is made of copper, aluminum or alloy materials, and the first cylindrical silicone cap and the second cylindrical silicone cap are made of thermally conductive silicone material.

The refrigeration and heating system constructed by the magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger includes a rectangular heat exchanger and a data acquisition and control system; the rectangular heat exchanger is matched with a movable magnetic field arranged on its periphery, and the rectangular heat exchanger A heat storage container and a cold storage container are connected in parallel between the second through hole and the third through hole. The outlet of the heat storage container is connected to the inlet of the heat storage side water pump, and the outlet of the heat storage side water pump is connected to the first electric three One inlet of the first electric three-way valve is connected; the other inlet of the first electric three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the cold storage side water pump, and the inlet of the cold storage side water pump is connected to the outlet of the cold storage container; the two outlets of the second electric three-way valve are respectively connected to the heat storage The container is connected to the inlet of the cold storage container; the inlet of the first electric three-way valve and the outlet of the second electric three-way valve are respectively connected to the second through hole and the third through hole of the rectangular heat exchanger; the air inlet of the rectangular heat exchanger passes through The third electric three-way valve is connected with a compressed air storage tank and an exhaust valve;

An electronic water level gauge of the thermal storage container is installed inside the thermal storage container;

An electronic water level gauge of the cold storage container is installed inside the cold storage container.

The heating and cooling method of the refrigeration system:

Heating and storage process:

Step1.1: Control the first electric three-way valve, the second electric three-way valve and the third electric three-way valve respectively through the data acquisition and control system to connect the rectangular heat exchanger, heat storage container, and heat storage side water pump to form heat storage cycle;

Step1.2: The exhaust valve is connected to the air port of the rectangular heat exchanger, and the heat storage container is used to fill the rectangular heat exchanger with liquid;

Step1.3: The movable magnetic field starts to excite the rectangular heat exchanger, the rectangular heat exchanger releases heat, the water pump on the heat storage side is turned on, and the heat storage container starts to collect heat and discharge the heat through the load heat exchanger;

Step1.4: When the rectangular heat exchanger no longer releases heat, the heat storage side water pump is closed, the third electric three-way valve controls the exhaust valve to close, and the compressed air storage tank opens;

Step1.5: The first electric three-way valve is closed, the compressed air presses the liquid in the rectangular heat exchanger into the heat storage container, and the water storage capacity in the rectangular heat exchanger is obtained by calculation. When the electronic water level gauge of the heat storage container in the heat storage container When the measured water level rises to the corresponding volume, the second electric three-way valve is closed, and the heating process ends;

Refrigeration and cold storage process:

Step2.1: Control the first electric three-way valve, the second electric three-way valve and the third electric three-way valve respectively through the data acquisition and control system to connect the rectangular heat exchanger, cold storage container, and cold storage side water pump to form a cold storage cycle ；

Step2.2: The exhaust valve is connected to the air port of the rectangular heat exchanger, and the cold storage container is used to fill the rectangular heat exchanger with liquid;

Step2.3: The movable magnetic field leaves the rectangular heat exchanger, the rectangular heat exchanger absorbs heat, the water pump on the cold storage side is turned on, and the cold storage container starts to collect cold energy and discharge the cold energy through the load heat exchanger;

Step2.4: When the rectangular heat exchanger no longer releases cold capacity, the cold storage side water pump is closed, the third electric three-way valve controls the exhaust valve to close, and the compressed air storage tank opens;

Step2.5: The first electric three-way valve is closed, the compressed air presses the liquid in the heat exchanger into the cold storage container, and the water storage in the rectangular heat exchanger is calculated. When the water level measured by the electronic water level gauge of the cold storage container in the cold storage container rises When it reaches the corresponding volume, the second electric three-way valve is closed, and the refrigeration process ends;

Through the alternation of the heating and storage process and the refrigeration and storage process, a corresponding heating and refrigeration working cycle is formed.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger adopts the above-mentioned structure to realize cyclic refrigeration or heating by means of a magnetic refrigeration cycle. It uses the magnetocaloric effect of the magnetic working medium, that is, it heats up and releases heat under the action of an external magnetic field, but it cools and absorbs heat. The process of refrigeration. Under adiabatic conditions, when the magnetic working medium has a high temperature, the heat-carrying fluid is used to store and transport heat, and when the magnetic working medium has a low temperature, the cold-carrying fluid is used to store and transport the cold. The end and the hot end are accumulated, and when the load matches the cooling capacity, a relatively stable refrigeration process is formed. At the same time, it effectively solves the common contradiction between enhanced heat exchange and magnetic working medium packaging in the magnetic refrigeration system, improves the reliability and versatility of the heat exchanger, and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

2. The magnetic working medium is encapsulated in the capillary tube, and the flow channel in the heat exchanger can be changed according to the needs, which solves the problem of direct contact with the magnetic working medium and excessive system resistance.

3. The use of the heat exchanger of the present invention adds an intake and discharge process and a liquid intake and exhaust process between the circulation of the heat-carrying fluid and the cold-carrying fluid; thus, it is avoided that the cold-carrying liquid is stored during the heat exchange period. The resulting loss of cold and heat.

Description of the drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the rectangular heat exchanger of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a diagram of the overall structure of the capillary matrix of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the rectangular baffle of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the square grid of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the groove in the rectangular baffle of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the capillary tube of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a diagram of the explosive structure of the capillary tube of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the capillary tube A-A in Fig. 6 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the capillary tube B-B in Fig. 6 of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a diagram of the refrigeration and heating system of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the installation diagram of the boss and the silicone rubber sealing strip on the heat exchanger shell of the utility model.

In the picture: rectangular heat exchanger 1, heat exchanger shell 2, boss (2(a)), silicone sealing tape (2(b)), cover plate 3, capillary matrix 4, first through hole 5, The second through hole 6 (a), the third through hole 6 (b), the capillary 7, the first rectangular baffle 8 (a), the second rectangular baffle 8 (b), the first square grid 9 (a ), second square grid 9(b), third-party grid 9(c), first cylindrical silicone cap 10(a), second cylindrical silicone cap 10(b), capillary body 11, magnet Mass 12, movable magnetic field 13, heat storage container 14, cold storage container 15, compressed air storage tank 16, data acquisition and control system 17, third electric three-way valve 18 (a), second electric three-way valve 18 ( b), the first electric three-way valve 18 (c), the exhaust valve 19, the thermal storage container electronic water level gauge 20 (a), the cold storage container electronic water level gauge 20 (b), the heat storage side water pump 21 (a), the storage tank Cold side water pump 21(b).

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

1-11, a magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger, which includes a rectangular heat exchanger 1, the rectangular heat exchanger 1 includes a heat exchanger shell 2, the heat exchanger shell 2 is installed inside The capillary matrix 4 filled with the magnetic working medium 12 is installed with cover plates 3 at both ends of the heat exchanger housing 2 and the capillary matrix 4 is enclosed inside; the cover plates 3 on both sides or the upper heat exchanger housing 2 The upper edge is processed with first through holes 5 for air intake and exhaust according to different processes in the heat exchanger; the bottom edge of the cover plate 3 on both sides or the lower edge of the upper heat exchanger shell 2 is processed for circulating heat and cold fluid The second through hole 6(a) and the third through hole 6(b). By adopting the magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger of the above structure, it uses a magnetic refrigeration cycle to realize cyclic cooling or heating. It uses the magnetic working medium 12 magnetocaloric effect feature, that is, it heats up and releases heat under the action of an external magnetic field, and it cools and absorbs heat. The process of refrigeration. Under adiabatic conditions, when the magnetic working medium has a high temperature, the heat-carrying fluid is used to store and transport heat, and when the magnetic working medium has a low temperature, the cold-carrying fluid is used to store and transport the cold. The end and the hot end are accumulated, and when the load matches the cooling capacity, a relatively stable refrigeration process is formed. At the same time, it effectively solves the common contradiction between enhanced heat exchange and magnetic working medium packaging in the magnetic refrigeration system, improves the reliability and versatility of the heat exchanger, and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

Further, the heat exchanger shell 2 adopts a rectangular box structure; the heat exchanger shell 2 and the cover plate 3 are both cut and welded and assembled by aluminum alloy materials. A boss 2 (a) is welded and fixed at the position where the heat exchanger shell 2 and the cover plate 3 are connected, and a silicone sealant for sealing the heat exchanger shell 2 is installed on the boss 2 (a) Article 2(b). The above-mentioned structure forms good heat insulation, thereby greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Further, the capillary matrix 4 includes a first rectangular baffle 8(a) and a second rectangular baffle 8(b), the first rectangular baffle 8(a) and the second rectangular baffle 8(b) A plurality of capillaries 7 arranged in a rectangular shape are uniformly installed in between, and square grid groups are staggered up and down at equal intervals between the capillaries 7 and form a circuitous flow channel. The square grid group includes a first square grid 9(a), a second square grid 9(b) and a third-shaped grid 9(c); the square grid group, a first rectangular baffle 8(a), the second square grid 9(b) and the third-party grid 9(c) are all stamped and integrated with aluminum alloy plates.

The shape of the capillary matrix 4 is mainly controlled by a rectangular baffle and a square grid, and the length is determined according to the requirements of the heat exchanger and the length of the capillary tube; the grid, the baffle and the heat exchanger are liquids to form a closed flow channel. Each baffle can constitute four processes for the fluid.

Further, the capillary tube 7 includes a capillary body 11, and two ends of the capillary body 11 are respectively installed with a first cylindrical silica gel cap 10(a) and a second cylindrical silica gel cap 10 ( b) Filling the inside of the capillary body 11 with a magnetic working fluid 12.

Further, the magnetic working medium 12 is a mixture of 10 nanometer-sized powder of Gd-Si-Ge alloy or other giant thermal materials and 10 nanometer-sized carbon powder with a volume fraction of 5%; the first step is used in the preparation process. The cylindrical silica gel cap 10(a) seals one end of the capillary body 11, and fills the magnetic working medium 12 into the capillary. After that, the capillary body 11 is filled by repeated centrifugal compaction, and finally a second cylindrical silica gel is used. The cap 10(b) blocks the other end of the capillary.

Further, the capillary body 11 is made of copper, aluminum or alloy materials, and the first cylindrical silicone cap 10(a) and the second cylindrical silicone cap 10(b) are made of thermally conductive silicone material.

Further, the outer shell of the rectangular heat exchanger 1 is made of aluminum alloy material, and the shape of a cylinder or a rectangular parallelepiped can be specifically selected according to the characteristics of the excitation magnetic field. The inner wall of the rectangular heat exchanger 1 is provided with a slot for fixing the baffle or grille. The connection between the cover plate and the heat exchanger adopts a threaded connection and uses a silica gel strip as a sealing filling material. The outer wall of the heat exchanger is pasted with a vacuum insulation board to heat the heat exchanger.

Further, the rectangular heat exchanger 1 will take in air through the through holes at the upper edge of the rectangular heat exchanger 1 after the end of the heat absorption process, and squeeze the liquid stored in the heat exchanger into the cold storage container from the lower edge of the heat exchanger. Before entering the heat release process, the heat storage container first pumps the heat-carrying fluid into the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger exhausts. When the exhaust is completed, the heat exchange water pump is turned on, and the system enters the heat release process; Through the air intake at the upper edge of the heat exchanger, the liquid stored in the heat exchanger is squeezed into the heat storage container from the lower edge of the heat exchanger. The cold storage container will first enter the heat-carrying fluid into the heat storage container before entering the heat absorption process. Heater, heat exchanger for exhaust. When exhaust is completed, the cold-exchange water pump is turned on, and the system enters the heat absorption process.

Example 2:

According to Figure 1, the rectangular heat exchanger 1 has a width of 40mm along the direction of magnetic field movement, a height of 30mm along the direction of the height of the magnetic field, and a length of 80mm. It consists of a heat exchanger shell 2, a capillary matrix 4 filled with a magnetic working medium, and a cover 3 It consists of three parts. The shell and cover of the heat exchanger are cut or welded from 3mm aluminum alloy. The joint of the heat exchanger shell 2 and the cover plate 3 is welded with a 5mm boss for loading the silicone sealing tape and fixing the cover plate. According to the different processes in the heat exchanger, taking the four processes as an example, a 5mm first through hole 5 is opened on the cover plate or shell of the heat exchanger to connect the gas circuit through flanges or welded pipes; the cover plate of the heat exchanger Or, two 5mm second through holes 6(a) and third through holes 6(b) are opened on the bottom edge of the shell to connect the liquid path through flanges or welded pipes. The outer wall of the heat exchanger is pasted with a vacuum insulation board to heat the heat exchanger.

According to Figure 2, Figure 7, Figure 8 and Figure 9, the capillary matrix 4 filled with magnetic working fluid consists of a number of capillaries 7, two first rectangular baffles 8 (a), a second rectangular baffle 8 (b) and three The first square grid 9(a), the second square grid 9(b), and the third-party grid 9(c) are spliced together. The position of the capillary matrix is determined and fixed according to the grid and the baffle, and the relative position of the square grid and the rectangular baffle is welded and fixed by the equal-length 1mm thick aluminum alloy strip. The positions of the square grids are staggered as shown in the figure to form liquid flow channels. The grille and the baffle are made of 2mm thick aluminum alloy plate stamped and integrally formed. According to the properties of the heat exchanger, they are cut into an aluminum alloy baffle with a width × height of 40mm × 30mm and an aluminum alloy grille with a width × height of 30mm × 30mm. . In this arrangement, the distance between the center of the capillary is 2mm, and the shortest distance between the walls of the capillary is 0.7mm. Leave a hole in the corner of the grille without filling the capillary to avoid air accumulation. At this time, the volume ratio of the magnetic working fluid in the heat exchanger is about 44%, and the porosity is about 56%. The aperture of the grid just allows the capillary tube to pass through, and the groove formed by the baffle can just clamp one end of the capillary tube. A groove section of the baffle is shown in Figure 5.

According to Figs. 6-9, the capillary tube 7 filled with the magnetic working fluid is composed of the capillary body 11, the first cylindrical silica gel cap 10(a), the second cylindrical silica gel cap 10(b) and the magnetic working fluid 12. The outer diameter of the capillary tube is 1.6mm and the wall thickness is 0.05mm. The material used is copper, aluminum or their alloys. The cylindrical silicone cap has a thickness of 0.1mm and is made of thermally conductive silicone material. The magnetic working medium 12 is a mixture of 10 nanometer-sized powder of Gd-Si-Ge alloy or other huge thermal materials and 10 nanometer-sized carbon powder with a volume fraction of 5%. In the preparation process, first seal one end of the capillary with the first cylindrical silica gel cap 10(a), and fill the magnetic working medium 12 into the capillary, then fill the capillary with repeated centrifugal compaction, etc., and finally use the second The cylindrical silica gel cap 10(b) blocks the other end of the capillary. Under special circumstances, the semicircular capillary tube is punched to ensure that the flow channel and each capillary tube exchange heat evenly with the fluid.

Example 3:

The refrigeration and heating system constructed by the above-mentioned magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger includes a rectangular heat exchanger 1 and a data acquisition and control system 17; the rectangular heat exchanger 1 is matched with a movable magnetic field 13 arranged on its periphery, so A heat storage container 14 and a cold storage container 15 are connected in parallel between the second through hole 6(a) and the third through hole 6(b) of the rectangular heat exchanger 1, respectively. The outlet of the heat storage container 14 is connected to the heat storage container. The inlet of the side water pump 21(a) is connected, and the outlet of the heat storage side water pump 21(a) is connected to an inlet of the first electric three-way valve 18(c); the other of the first electric three-way valve 18(c) The inlet is connected to the outlet of the cold storage side water pump 21(b), the inlet of the cold storage side water pump 21(b) is connected to the outlet of the cold storage container 15; the two outlets of the second electric three-way valve 18(b) are respectively connected to the heat storage container 14 and the cold storage container 14 The inlet of the container 15 is connected; the inlet of the first electric three-way valve 18 (c) and the outlet of the second electric three-way valve 18 (b) are respectively connected to the second through hole 6 (a) and the third through hole of the rectangular heat exchanger 1 Hole 6(b); the air inlet of the rectangular heat exchanger 1 is connected to a compressed air storage tank 16 and an exhaust valve 19 through a third electric three-way valve 18(a);

Further, an electronic water level gauge 20(a) of the thermal storage container is installed inside the thermal storage container 14;

Further, an electronic water level gauge 20 (b) of the cold storage container is installed inside the cold storage container 15.

Example 4:

The heating and cooling method of the refrigeration system:

Heating and storage process:

Step1.1: Control the first electric three-way valve 18(c), the second electric three-way valve 18(b) and the third electric three-way valve 18(a) separately through the data acquisition and control system 17 to make the rectangular heat exchanger 1. The heat storage container 14 and the heat storage side water pump 21(a) are connected to form a heat storage cycle;

Step1.2: The exhaust valve 19 is connected to the air port of the rectangular heat exchanger 1, and the heat storage container 14 is used to fill the rectangular heat exchanger 1 with liquid;

Step1.3: The movable magnetic field 13 starts to excite the rectangular heat exchanger 1, the rectangular heat exchanger 1 releases heat, the heat storage side water pump 21(a) is turned on, and the heat storage container 14 starts to collect heat, and the heat is transferred through the load heat exchanger. Heat dissipation

Step1.4: When the rectangular heat exchanger 1 no longer releases heat, the heat storage side water pump 21(a) is closed, the third electric three-way valve 18(a) controls the exhaust valve 19 to close, and the compressed air storage tank 16 opens ；

Step1.5: The first electric three-way valve 18(c) is closed, the compressed air presses the liquid in the rectangular heat exchanger 1 into the heat storage container 14, and the water storage capacity in the rectangular heat exchanger 1 is obtained by calculation. 14 When the water level measured by the electronic water level gauge 20(a) of the internal heat storage container rises to the corresponding volume, the second electric three-way valve 18(b) is closed, and the heating process ends;

Refrigeration and cold storage process:

Step2.1: Control the first electric three-way valve 18(c), the second electric three-way valve 18(b) and the third electric three-way valve 18(a) separately through the data acquisition and control system 17 to make the rectangular heat exchanger 1. The cold storage container 15 and the cold storage side water pump 21(b) are connected to form a cold storage cycle;

Step2.2: The exhaust valve 19 is connected to the air port of the rectangular heat exchanger 1, and the cold storage container 15 is used to fill the rectangular heat exchanger 1 with liquid;

Step2.3: The movable magnetic field 13 leaves the rectangular heat exchanger 1, the rectangular heat exchanger 1 absorbs heat, the cold storage side water pump 21(b) is turned on, and the cold storage container 15 starts to collect cold energy, and the cold energy is transferred through the load heat exchanger discharge;

Step2.4: When the rectangular heat exchanger 1 no longer releases cold capacity, the cold storage side water pump 21 (b) is closed, the third electric three-way valve 18 (a) controls the exhaust valve 19 to close, and the compressed air storage tank 16 Turn on

Step2.5: The first electric three-way valve 18(c) is closed, the compressed air presses the liquid in the heat exchanger into the cold storage container 15, and the water storage capacity in the rectangular heat exchanger 1 is calculated. When the cold storage container 15 is When the water level measured by the electronic water level gauge 20(b) rises to the corresponding volume, the second electric three-way valve 18(b) is closed, and the refrigeration process ends;

Claims

A magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger, characterized in that it includes a rectangular heat exchanger (1), the rectangular heat exchanger (1) includes a heat exchanger shell (2), and the heat exchanger shell ( 2) A capillary matrix (4) filled with a magnetic working medium (12) is installed inside, a cover plate (3) is installed at both ends of the heat exchanger shell (2) and the capillary matrix (4) is encapsulated in it Inside; the upper edges of the cover plates (3) on both sides or the upper heat exchanger shell (2) are processed with first through holes (5) for air intake and exhaust according to different processes in the heat exchanger; cover plates on both sides (3) Or the lower edge of the upper heat exchanger shell (2) is processed with a second through hole (6(a)) and a third through hole (6(b)) for circulating heat and cold fluid.
The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchanger shell (2) adopts a rectangular box structure; the heat exchanger shell (2) and the cover plate (3) They are all cut, welded and assembled with aluminum alloy materials.
The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connection position of the heat exchanger shell (2) and the cover plate (3) is welded and fixed with a boss (2(a)), A silicone rubber sealing strip (2(b)) for sealing the heat exchanger shell (2) is installed on the boss (2(a)).
The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the capillary matrix (4) includes a first rectangular baffle (8(a)) and a second rectangular baffle (8(b)) , The first rectangular baffle (8(a)) and the second rectangular baffle (8(b)) are uniformly installed with a plurality of capillaries (7) arranged in a rectangular shape, and the capillaries (7) Square grid groups are staggered up and down at equal intervals and form a circuitous flow channel.
The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein the square grid group includes a first square grid (9(a)) and a second square grid (9(b)) And the third-party grid (9(c)); the square grid group, the first rectangular baffle (8(a)), the second square grid (9(b)) and the third-party grid ( 9(c)) are made of aluminum alloy plate stamping and integral forming.
The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: the capillary tube (7) comprises a capillary body (11), and two ends of the capillary body (11) are respectively installed for The first cylindrical silica gel cap (10(a)) and the second cylindrical silica gel cap (10(b)) for sealing are filled with a magnetic working fluid (12) inside the capillary body (11).
The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: the magnetic working medium (12) is 10 nanometer-level powder of Gd-Si-Ge alloy or other giant thermal materials with a volume fraction of 5 % Of 10 nanometer-level nano-carbon powder; in the preparation process, first use the first cylindrical silica gel cap (10 (a)) to seal one end of the capillary body (11), and fill the magnetic working medium (12) Into the capillary, then the capillary body (11) is filled by repeated centrifugal compaction, and finally the other end of the capillary is blocked with a second cylindrical silica gel cap (10(b)).
The magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the capillary body (11) is made of copper, aluminum or alloy materials, and the first cylindrical silica gel cap (10(a) ) And the second cylindrical silicone cap (10 (b)) are made of thermally conductive silicone material.
The refrigeration and heating system constructed by using the magnetic refrigeration heat exchanger of any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it comprises a rectangular heat exchanger (1) and a data acquisition and control system (17); the rectangular heat exchange The second through hole (6(a)) and the third through hole (6(b)) of the rectangular heat exchanger (1) are matched with the movable magnetic field (13) provided on the periphery of the device (1) A heat storage container (14) and a cold storage container (15) are respectively connected in parallel, and the outlet of the heat storage container (14) is connected with the inlet of the heat storage side water pump (21(a)), and the heat storage side water pump (21 The outlet of (a)) is connected to an inlet of the first electric three-way valve (18(c)); the other inlet of the first electric three-way valve (18(c)) is connected to the cold storage side water pump (21(b) )) is connected to the outlet, the inlet of the cold storage side water pump (21(b)) is connected to the outlet of the cold storage container (15); the two outlets of the second electric three-way valve (18(b)) are respectively connected to the heat storage container (14) and the cold storage container (14) The inlet of the container (15) is connected; the inlet of the first electric three-way valve (18(c)) and the outlet of the second electric three-way valve (18(b)) are respectively connected to the second through hole of the rectangular heat exchanger (1) (6(a)) and the third through hole (6(b)); the air inlet of the rectangular heat exchanger (1) is connected to a compressed air storage tank ( 16) and exhaust valve (19);

An electronic water level gauge (20(a)) of the thermal storage container is installed inside the thermal storage container (14);

An electronic water level gauge (20(b)) of the cold storage container is installed inside the cold storage container (15).
The heating and cooling method using the refrigeration system of claim 9, characterized in that:

Heating and storage process:

Step1.1: Control the first electric three-way valve (18(c)), the second electric three-way valve (18(b)) and the third electric three-way valve (18() respectively through the data acquisition and control system (17) a)) Connect the rectangular heat exchanger (1), the heat storage container (14), and the heat storage side water pump (21(a)) to form a heat storage cycle;

Step1.2: The exhaust valve (19) is connected with the air port of the rectangular heat exchanger (1), and the heat storage container (14) is used to fill the rectangular heat exchanger (1) with liquid;

Step1.3: The movable magnetic field (13) starts to excite the rectangular heat exchanger (1), the rectangular heat exchanger (1) releases heat, the heat storage side water pump (21(a)) is turned on, and the heat storage container (14) starts Collect heat, and discharge the heat through the load heat exchanger;

Step1.4: When the rectangular heat exchanger (1) no longer releases heat, the heat storage side water pump (21(a)) is closed, and the third electric three-way valve (18(a)) controls the exhaust valve (19) to close , The compressed air storage tank (16) is opened;

Step1.5: The first electric three-way valve (18(c)) is closed, the compressed air presses the liquid in the rectangular heat exchanger (1) into the heat storage container (14), and the rectangular heat exchanger (1) is obtained by calculation When the water level measured by the electronic water level gauge (20(a)) of the thermal storage vessel in the thermal storage vessel (14) rises to the corresponding volume, the second electric three-way valve (18(b)) is closed, heating End of the process;

Refrigeration and cold storage process:

Step2.1: Control the first electric three-way valve (18(c)), the second electric three-way valve (18(b)) and the third electric three-way valve (18() respectively through the data acquisition and control system (17) a)) Connect the rectangular heat exchanger (1), the cold storage container (15), and the cold storage side water pump (21(b)) to form a cold storage cycle;

Step2.2: The exhaust valve (19) is connected to the air port of the rectangular heat exchanger (1), and the cold storage container (15) is used to fill the rectangular heat exchanger (1) with liquid;

Step2.3: The movable magnetic field (13) leaves the rectangular heat exchanger (1), the rectangular heat exchanger (1) absorbs heat, the cold storage side water pump (21(b)) is turned on, and the cold storage container (15) starts to collect cold energy , And discharge the cold through the load heat exchanger;

Step2.4: When the rectangular heat exchanger (1) no longer releases cold capacity, the cold storage side water pump (21(b)) is closed, and the third electric three-way valve (18(a)) controls the exhaust valve (19) Closed, the compressed air storage tank (16) is opened;

Step2.5: The first electric three-way valve (18(c)) is closed, the compressed air presses the liquid in the heat exchanger into the cold storage container (15), and the water storage capacity in the rectangular heat exchanger (1) is obtained by calculation. When the water level measured by the electronic water level gauge (20(b)) of the cold storage container in the cold storage container (15) rises to the corresponding volume, the second electric three-way valve (18(b)) is closed, and the refrigeration process ends;

Through the alternation of the heating and storage process and the refrigeration and storage process, a corresponding heating and refrigeration working cycle is formed.